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Building Cognitive Applications with IBM Watson Services: Volume 1 Getting Started Front cover Building Cognitive Applications with IBM Watson Services: Volume 1 Getting Started Dr. Alfio Gliozzo Chris Ackerson Rajib Bhattacharya Addison Goering Albert Jumba Seung Yeon Kim Laksh Krishnamurthy Thanh Lam Angelo Littera Iain McIntosh Srini Murthy Marcel Ribas In partnership with IBM Skills Academy Program Redbooks International Technical Support Organization Building Cognitive Applications with IBM Watson Services: Volume 1 Getting Started June 2017 SG24-8387-00 Note: Before using this information and the product it supports, read the information in “Notices” on page v. First Edition (June 2017) This edition applies to IBM Watson services in IBM Bluemix. © Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 2017. All rights reserved. Note to U.S. Government Users Restricted Rights -- Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp. Contents Notices . .v Trademarks . vi Preface . vii Authors. vii Now you can become a published author, too! . .x Comments welcome. .x Stay connected to IBM Redbooks . xi Chapter 1. Introduction to cognitive computing . 1 1.1 Brief history of cognitive computing . 2 1.1.1 The eras of computing . 2 1.1.2 The future of computing is cognitive . 4 1.1.3 Impact of cognitive computing to our lives . 4 1.2 Basic concepts . 5 1.3 Characteristics of cognitive systems . 8 1.3.1 Solving real life problems with cognitive systems . 9 1.4 References . 10 Chapter 2. Cognitive business and IBM Watson . 11 2.1 Landscape of cognitive computing in the industry . 12 2.1.1 Consumer market: Cognitive computing offerings . 13 2.1.2 Enterprise market: Cognitive computing offerings . 14 2.1.3 Delivering cognitive services: Cloud and open source projects . 15 2.1.4 Cognitive computing and the future of jobs. 16 2.2 Introducing IBM Watson . 16 2.2.1 Watson APIs: Build with Watson. 17 2.2.2 IBM Watson applied to industries, businesses, and science . 18 2.2.3 Watson use cases. 23 2.2.4 Watson demonstrations . 26 2.3 References . 28 Chapter 3. Introduction to question-answering systems . 29 3.1 The Jeopardy! challenge. 30 3.2 DeepQA system architecture . 31 3.3 Exploring the DeepQA pipeline through an example . 34 3.3.1 Question analysis . 34 3.3.2 Primary search . 35 3.3.3 Hypothesis generation . 36 3.3.4 Hypothesis and evidence scoring . 36 3.3.5 Final merging and ranking . 38 3.4 References . 40 Chapter 4. Evolution from DeepQA to Watson Developer Cloud . 41 4.1 Why commercialize Watson . 42 4.2 Refresher of DeepQA architecture . 44 4.3 Evolution to Watson Developer Cloud . 46 4.3.1 Evolution of question analysis. 48 4.3.2 Microservices and robust tooling evolved from DeepQA . 54 © Copyright IBM Corp. 2017. All rights reserved. iii 4.4 Watson Conversation service . 56 4.5 Watson Discovery service. 58 4.6 Evolution summary . 60 4.7 References . 60 Chapter 5. Domain adaptation . 61 5.1 Introduction to domain adaptation. 62 5.2 IBM Watson Developer Cloud and domain adaptation . 63 5.2.1 Watson Conversation . 64 5.2.2 Watson Language Translator . 67 5.2.3 Watson Natural Language Classifier. 69 5.2.4 Watson Retrieve and Rank . 71 5.2.5 Watson Visual Recognition . 73 5.2.6 Watson Speech to Text. 75 5.2.7 Watson Text to Speech. 77 5.2.8 Watson Natural Language Understanding . 79 5.2.9 Watson Discovery . 80 5.3 Watson Knowledge Studio . 81 5.3.1 Watson Knowledge Studio domain adaptation overview . 82 5.3.2 Example: Creating a machine learning model . 84 5.3.3 Deploying a machine-learning annotator to Watson Natural Language Understanding . 104 5.3.4 Deploying a machine-learning annotator to Watson Discovery . 107 Related publications . 109 IBM Redbooks . 109 Online resources . 109 Help from IBM . 112 iv Building Cognitive Applications with IBM Watson Services: Volume 1 Getting Started Notices This information was developed for products and services offered in the US. This material might be available from IBM in other languages. However, you may be required to own a copy of the product or product version in that language in order to access it. IBM may not offer the products, services, or features discussed in this document in other countries. Consult your local IBM representative for information on the products and services currently available in your area. Any reference to an IBM product, program, or service is not intended to state or imply that only that IBM product, program, or service may be used. Any functionally equivalent product, program, or service that does not infringe any IBM intellectual property right may be used instead. However, it is the user’s responsibility to evaluate and verify the operation of any non-IBM product, program, or service. IBM may have patents or pending patent applications covering subject matter described in this document. The furnishing of this document does not grant you any license to these patents. You can send license inquiries, in writing, to: IBM Director of Licensing, IBM Corporation, North Castle Drive, MD-NC119, Armonk, NY 10504-1785, US INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION PROVIDES THIS PUBLICATION “AS IS” WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,.
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