Contents Executive Summary

Environmental Impact Assessment Report for proposed establishment by M/s Goga Industries at Plot no: J-19, Avadhan MIDC, Dhule District of Maharashtra State; for Manufacturing of Pesticides & Synthetic Organic Chemicals

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Contents Executive Summary ...... 12 ES-1 Introduction ...... 12 ES-2 – History of the project ...... 12 ES-3 Justification of project ...... 15 ES-4 Process Description: ...... 16 ES-5 Baseline Environmental Status ...... 16 ES-5.1 Air Environment ...... 16 ES-5.2 Noise Environment ...... 18 ES-5.3 Water Environment ...... 18 ES-5.4 Soil Environment ...... 19 ES-6 Prediction of Impacts & Mitigation Measures ...... 20 ES-7 Risk Assessment Study ...... 23 ES-8 Disaster management plan ...... 24 ES-9 CER Activity ...... 24 ES-10 Occupational Health Measures ...... 25 ES-11 Post Project Monitoring Plan ...... 25 ES-12 EMP Cost & Budgetary Allocation ...... 26 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ...... 27 1.1 Purpose of the Report ...... 27 1.2 Information about project proponent ...... 28 1.3 Brief description of nature, size, location of the project and its importance to the country, region. 28 1.3.1 Nature of the project ...... 28 1.3.2 Size of the project ...... 29 1.3.3 Location of the project ...... 29 1.3.4 A toposheet of the study area of radius of 10km and site location on 1:50,000/1: 25,000 scale 31 1.3.5 Importance to the country ...... 31 1.4 Scope of the study ...... 32 1.4.1 Standard ToR by MoEF & CC dated 3rd November, 2019...... 32

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CHAPTER 2: PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...... 47 2.1 Type of Project ...... 47 2.2 Need of the Project ...... 47 2.3 History of the project ...... 48 2.4 Size & Magnitude of the Project ...... 48 2.5 Location of the Project (specific & general location) ...... 52 2.5.1 List of major industries within the 10 km study area ...... 53 2.5.2 Land Use details of the project plot area ...... 54 2.6 Proposed schedule for approval and implementation ...... 56 2.6.1 Status of acquisition of land ...... 56 2.6.2 Technology & process description ...... 56 2.6.3 Details of manufacturing process ...... 63 2.7 If expansion project, details of existing products with capacities and whether adequate land is available for expansion, reference of earlier EC if any...... 71 2.8 Description of mitigations measures ...... 71 Chapter 3- Description of the Environment ...... 72 3.1 Introduction ...... 72 3.2 Baseline Study Area and Period ...... 72 3.3 Methodology ...... 73 3.3.1 Frequency of Sampling ...... 73 3.3.2 Method of Environmental Sampling and Analysis ...... 74 3.4 Micrometeorology ...... 75 3.4.1 Temperature ...... 75 3.4.2 Humidity ...... 75 3.4.3 Wind Speed and Wind Direction ...... 76 3.4.4 Wind Rose ...... 76 3.4.5 Interpretation of Micrometeorological Data ...... 77 3.5 Air Environment ...... 78 3.5.1 Selection of Sampling Locations ...... 78 3.5.2 Frequency and Parameters for Sampling ...... 79 3.5.3 Methodology for Sampling and Analysis ...... 79

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3.5.4 Quality of Ambient Air ...... 80 3.5.5 Summary of Ambient Air Quality ...... 81 3.5.6 Interpretation of Ambient Air Quality Data ...... 83 3.6 Noise Environment ...... 83 3.6.1 Sources of Noise Pollution ...... 83 3.6.2 Noise Level in the Study Area ...... 83 3.6.3 Summary of Noise Data ...... 86 3.7 Land Environment ...... 86 3.8 Traffic Study ...... 92 3.9. Soil Quality ...... 92 3.9.1 Summary of Soil Data ...... 94 3.10 Water Environment ...... 94 3.10.1 Sampling and Analysis...... 95 3.10.1.1 Summary of Ground Water Quality ...... 97 3.10.2 Surface Water ...... 99 3.10.2.1 Summary of Surface Water Quality ...... 101 3.11 Ecology and Biodiversity ...... 102 3.12 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT ...... 118 3.12.1 Socio-Economic Survey Methodology ...... 118 3.12.2 Demographic Highlights of the Study Area ...... 119 3.12.3 Social Characteristics ...... 121 3.12.4 Educational Status ...... 121 3.12.5 Occupation ...... 122 3.12.6 Health status ...... 123 3.12.7. Survey Observations ...... 124 3.12.8. Opinion & awareness regarding project ...... 124 3.12.9. Quality of life ...... 124 Chapter 4 – Anticipated Environmental Impact & Mitigation Measures ...... 126 4.1 Air Environment ...... 127 4.1.1 Construction Phase: ...... 127 4.1.1.1 Identification of Source ...... 127

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4.1.1.2 Predicted Impact ...... 127 4.1.1.3 Mitigation Measures ...... 127 4.1.2 Operational phase: ...... 127 4.1.2.1 Identification of Sources ...... 127 4.1.2.2 Prediction of Impacts ...... 129 4.1.2.2.2 Modeling Procedure ...... 129 4.1.2.2.3 Meteorological Data Processing ...... 130 4.1.2.2.4 Model Input Data ...... 131 4.1.3. Interpretation ...... 136 4.1.4. Mitigation Measures ...... 137 4.2. Impact of transport of raw materials and end products on the surrounding environment...... 139 4.2.1. Planning Transport development: ...... 139 4.2.2. Construction of transport infrastructures: ...... 139 4.2.3. Maintenance and operation of transport infrastructures:...... 139 4.2.4 Use of transport infrastructures and vehicle maintenance: ...... 139 4.3 Water Environment ...... 140 4.3.1 Construction Phase ...... 140 4.3.2 Operational Phase ...... 141 4.3.3 Water quality modeling ...... 146 4.4 Noise Environment ...... 146 4.4.1 Construction Phase ...... 146 4.4.2 Operational Phase ...... 146 4.5 Details of hazardous and non-hazardous waste generation and their storage, utilization and management...... 150 4.5.1 Construction phase ...... 150 4.5.2 Operational phase ...... 151 4.6 Soil environment ...... 152 4.7 Biotic environment ...... 154 4.8 Socio economic environment ...... 155 4.9 Odour ...... 155 4.9.1 Identification of source ...... 155

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4.9.2 Impact prediction ...... 155 4.9.3 Mitigation measures ...... 156 Chapter 5 – Analysis of Alternatives ...... 157 5.1 Introduction ...... 157 5.2 Analysis of alternative site ...... 157 5.3 Analysis of alternative technology ...... 157 Chapter 6 – Environmental Monitoring Program ...... 158 6.1 Introduction ...... 158 6.2 Monitoring points /locations and components ...... 158 6.3 Post project monitoring parameters & frequency ...... 159 6.4 Monitoring methodologies ...... 160 6.5 Documentation and reporting ...... 160 6.6 Budget & procurement schedule ...... 160 Chapter 7 – Additional Studies ...... 162 7.1 Public Hearing ...... 162 7.2 Risk Assessment ...... 162 7.2.1 M.S.D.S...... 163 7.3. Aerial Location of Hazardous Atmosphere (ALOHA): ...... 163 7.4 DOW Fire and Explosion Index ...... 175 7.5 Toxicity (Monds) Index ...... 179 7.6. DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 182 7.6.1 Onsite Emergency Plan ...... 182 7.6.2 Details of Safety Systems in the Plant Premises ...... 192 7.6.3 Fire Water Tank Justification ...... 195 7.6.4 Off-Site Emergency Preparedness Plan ...... 197 Chapter 8 – Project Benefits ...... 202 Chapter 9 – Cost Benefit Analysis ...... 203 Chapter 10 – Environmental Management Plan ...... 204 10.1 Introduction ...... 204 10.2 Organizational Structure of Environmental Management ...... 205 10.3 Budgets for Environmental Management / Environmental Pollution Control Measures ...... 206

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10.4 Details of EMP Budgetary Allocation ...... 206 10.5 Details of Environmental Mitigation Measures ...... 208 10.6 Fly Ash utilization as per Fly Ash Notification, 2009...... 212 10.7 Action Plan for Green Belt Development ...... 212 10.7.1. Action plan & estimated budgetary allocation for proposed green belt development .... 215 10.7.2. Suggested plant species for green belt ...... 216 10.8 Action plan for rain water harvesting measures at plant site ...... 216 10.9 Storm Water Management ...... 217 10.10 CER Activity ...... 218 10.10.1 Action Plan for CER Activity ...... 219 10.11 Occupational Health ...... 220 10. 12 Corporate Environmental Policy ...... 220 10.12.1 Procedure for reporting accident/incident and attending the injured person...... 221 10.12.2 System of reporting of non compliance /violations of environmental norms to the Board of Directors of the company and/or shareholders or stakeholders at large...... 222 Chapter 11 – Summary & Conclusion ...... 223 11.1. General ...... 223 11.2 Project Description ...... 223 11.3 Description of the Environment ...... 224 11.4 Anticipated Environmental Impact and Mitigation Measures ...... 227 11.5 Analysis Of Alternatives (TECHNOLOGY & SITE) ...... 228 11.6 Environmental Monitoring Plan ...... 228 11.7. Additional Studies ...... 228 11.8. Project Benefits ...... 228 11.9 Environmental Management Plan ...... 229 11.10 Conclusion ...... 230 Chapter 12 – Disclosure of Consultant Engaged ...... 231

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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure ES- 1: Google Earth Image: M/s Goga Industries ...... 12

Figure 1.1: Google Image ...... 29

Figure 1.2: Toposheet within 10 Km Radius from Goga Industries, J-19, MIDC Avadhan ...... 31

Figure 2.1: Location of Goga Industries on SOI Toposheet ...... 54

Figure 2.2: Plot Layout of M/s Goga Industries ...... 55

Figure 3.1: Study Area Map ...... 72

Figure 3.2: Wind Rose Diagram ...... 77

Figure 3.3: Map showing the Study Region location of Ambient Air ...... 79

Figure 3.4: Map showing the study region location of Noise ...... 85

Figure 3.5: Land Use Map Land use/landcover map of 10 km radius area around project site, Goga Industries Dhule ...... 88

Figure 3.6: Drainage map of 10 km radius area around project site, Goga Industries Dhule ...... 92

Figure 3.7: Map showing the study region location of Soil ...... 93

Figure 3.8: Map showing the study region location of GW ...... 95

Figure 3.9: Map showing the locations for Surface water ...... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Figure 3.9: Map showing the locations for Surface water ...... 99

Figure 3.10: Village map of 10 km radius ...... 120

Figure 3.11: Sex Ratio in 10 km radius area ...... 121

Figure 3.12: Operations in radius area ...... 123

Figure 3.13: Status of Health Facility in Study Area ...... 124

Figure 4.1: Short Term 24 Hourly Incremental GLCs of PM10 ...... 132

Figure 4.2: Short Term 24 Hourly Incremental GLCs of Nox ...... 132

Figure 4.3: Short Term 24 Hourly Incremental GLCs of SO2 ...... 132

Figure 4.4: Short Term 24 Hourly Incremental GLCs of CO ...... 132

Figure 4.5: Process Flow Diagram of ETP ...... 144

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Figure 7.1 : Description of AEGL levels ...... 164

Figure 7.2: Key personnel of the organization and responsibility assigned ...... 183

Figure 7.3: Establishment of Mutual Aid Response Group ...... 190

Figure 7.4: Offsite Emergency Plan ...... 198

Figure 10.1: Schematic Representation of organizational structure of Environment Management ... 205

Figure 10.2: Proposed Greenbelt plantation at M/s. Goga Industries ...... 214 LIST OF TABLES

Table No. ES- 1: Salient Features of the Project ...... 12

Table No. ES- 2: Summary of Impacts & Mitigation Measures ...... 20

Table No. ES- 3: CER Budget ...... 24

Table No. ES- 4: Post project monitoring parameters & frequency ...... 25

Table No. ES- 5: EMP Budget & Budgetary Allocation ...... 26

Table No. 1.1: Project Coordinates ...... 29

Table No. 1.2: Salient Features of project location ...... 30

Table No. 1.3: Compliance of Standard TOR ...... 32

Table No. 2.1: Project Details ...... 48

Table No. 2.2: Project Coordinates ...... 52

Table No. 2.3: Industries at Immediate surroundings to the project site ...... 53

Table No. 2.4: List of major industries ...... 53

Table No. 2.5: Area break up details of the project site ...... 54

Table No. 2.6: Description of Plot layout ...... 55

Table No. 2.7: Schedule for approval and implementation ...... 56

Table No. 2.8: List of raw materials – ...... 58

Table No. 2.9: List of Product ...... 60

Table No. 3.1: Frequency of Environmental Monitoring ...... 73

Table No. 3.2: Method of Environmental Sampling and Analysis ...... 74

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Table No. 3.3: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations in the Study Region ...... 79

Table No. 3.4: Details of Analysis Method ...... 79

Table No. 3.5: AAQM Results ...... 80

Table No. 3.6: Noise Monitoring Locations in the Study Region ...... 85

Table No. 3.7: Noise Monitoring Report During Day Time and Night time ...... 86

Table No. 3.8: Land use Statistics (10 km) ...... 88

Table No. 3.9: Details of Soil sampling location ...... 93

Table No. 3.10: Soil Sample Analysis Result ...... 93

Table No. 3.11: Details of Ground water sampling location ...... 96

Table No. 3.12: Ground water Analysis Results ...... 97

Table No. 3.13: Details of Surface Water Sampling Locations ...... 100

Table No. 3.14: Surface water Analysis Results ...... 100

Table No. 3.15: IS: 2296–1982_Inland_Surface_Water_Stds ...... 101

Table No. 3.16: Literacy Rate in the study area ...... 122

Table No. 4.1: Atmospheric inversion level at Dhule, Maharashtra...... 130

Table No. 4.2: Model Input Parameters for Boiler Stack Modeling ...... 131

Table No. 4.3: Interpretation of the Incremental Values ...... 135

Table No. 4.4: Water Budget ...... 141

Table No. 4.5: Characteristics of the Overall Effluent from the project ...... 143

Table No. 4.6: Dimension of ETP ...... 145

Table No. 4.7: Assumed Noise level values for Operational Phase ...... 146

Table No. 4.8: Noise modelling input data ...... 147

Table No. 4.9: Drop down of Noise level in operational Phase ...... 148

Table No. 4.10: Waste generation and disposal method ...... 151

Table No. 6.1: Post project monitoring parameters & frequency ...... 159

Table No. 7.1: Chemical Storage Details for which ALOHA is performed ...... 165

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Table No. 7.2: ALOHA Footprints ...... 166

Table No. 7.4: List of hazardous chemicals and its respective DOW F& E Index ...... 176

Table No. 7.5: Degree of Hazads ...... 177

Table No. 7.6: Monds Toxicity index of toxic chemicals ...... 179

Table No.7.7: Calculated Mond’s Index and degree of Hazard for Hazardous chemicals...... 180

Table No. 7.8: Details of MARG ...... 189

Table No. 7.9: Details of Fire water tanks ...... 194

Table No. 7.10: List of fire extinguishers ...... 194

Table No. 7.11: Location of Existing First Aid Kit in the Plant Premises ...... 196

Table No. 7.12: External agencies contact details involved during emergency ...... 200

Table No. 10.1: EMP Budget ...... 206

Table No. 10.2: Justification of EMP budgetary allocation ...... 207

Table No. 10.3: Overview of probable environmental pollution & mitigation measures during construction & operational phase ...... 208

Table No. 10.4: Detailed breakup of the proposed green belt ...... 215

Table No. 10.5: Estimated budgetary expenditure for plantation ...... 215

Table No.10.6: Capital & recurring cost for green belt ...... 215

Table No. 10.7: List of plants suggested for green belt ...... 216

Table No. 10.8 : List of CER Activity ...... 219

Table No. 11.1 : Air quality summary ...... 224

Table No. 11.2: Noise quality summary ...... 224

Table No. 11.3: Summary on Impacts and Mitigation Measures ...... 227

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LIST OF ANNEXURES

Annexure 1 ToR from MoEF&CC Annexure 2 Master Layout Annexure 3 Copy of Existing Consent to Establish Annexure 4 Copy of Land Ownership Certificate & Certificate of Incorporation Annexure 5 Environmental Monitoring Reports Annexure 6 Manufacturing Process of all Products Annexure 7 QRA Report Annexure 8 Membership of CHWSTDF Annexure 9 High Court Order Annexure 10 Request Letter

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Executive Summary ES-1 Introduction M/s Goga Industries is Green Field project. The project will be executed at Avadhan MIDC. As per the Environment Impact Assessment Notification dated 14th September 2006 the proposed project comes under the schedule 5 (f) & 5(b) Category A Company is classified as small Scale Industry under Red Category by Maharashtra Pollution Control Board. The company will be located at J-19, Avadhan MIDC in Dhule district of Maharashtra State, India. Figure ES- 1: Google Earth Image: M/s Goga Industries

ES-2 – History of the project Goga Industries is proprietor based company, established under Udyog Adhar Memorandum. Currently, company has obtained consent to establish for manufacturing of Ayurvedic and homeopathic medicine. The existing plant is being constructed at plot no: J-19, Avadhan MIDC, Dhule, Maharashtra State.

Table No. ES- 1: Salient Features of the Project Sr. Component Status No 1 Product Type Pesticide and Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Unit 2 Project Type New (Green Field Project) 3 Schedule as per EIA Notification,2006 5(b) & 5(f) 4 Category of Project ‘A’

5 Area Details (in Sq. m.) Total i. Total Plot Area 1,655.00 ii. Built-up Area 396.17 iii. Parking area 165.58 iv. Greenbelt Area 547.71

6 Production Details (MT/A)

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i. Pesticide 650.00 ii. Perfumery, Flavors & Fragrance: 787.50

iii. Dyes & Intermediates 1,450.00 Total 2887.50 Note At a time only one type of product category will be manufacturing. Pesticide manufacturing process will be only on seasonal basis. Other product will be manufacturing as per the market scenario.

7 Budgetary Allocation (Cr-INR) i. Project Cost 4.99 ii. EMP Cost 1.82

8 Man power Direct Employment: 20 Nos. Indirect Employment: 10 Nos. Total Employment: 30 Nos.

9 Power Requirement i. Connected Load (KW) 150 KW ii. Source MSEDCL

10. Fuel Requirement i THF: 1.58 KLD

Boiler & Thermic Fluid Heater: LDO Boiler: 1.50 KLD

Total: 3.08 KLD ii. D.G. set: HSD 36.6 L/Hr

11 Utility Capacity i. Boilers 2 TPH X 1 No ii Thermic Fluid Heater 6 Lac Kcal/Hr X 2 No

(One on Standby mode) Iii D.G. Set (KVA) 160 kVA X 1 No.

Water Requirement in KLD 12 Total Water Requirement 81.22

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i Domestic 1.5 ii Green belt 3.50 iii Process 23.33 iv Boiler 8 v Cooling Tower 44 vi Scrubber 0.88

Effluent Generation in KLD i Domestic 1.2 ii Green belt 0 iii Process 26.2 iv Boiler 0.4 v Cooling Tower 6.60 vi. Scrubber 1.04 Total 35.44 Note *: Effluent quantity in process is observed higher than actual water consumption rate because of presence of TDS, additional water generated during neutralisation etc. Sewage will be treated in septic tank and Sewage treatment the overflow will be send to soakpit. ETP ETP of 45 KLD will be provided comprises of Primary, Secondary & Tertiary Treatment facility. Stripper MEE with ATFD of 40 KLD capacities will be provided for treatment of High TDS & High COD effluent. It will be ZLD unit 13 Scrubber Details

i Caustic Scrubber 100 CFM X 1 No ii Water Scrubber 100 CFM X 1 No

14 Stack Details i. Combined Stack for 1 Nos. X 2 TPH Steam Boiler & Thermic Fluid Heater of 6 Lac 30 meters height above ground level Kcal/Hr capacity X 2 Nos (One standby) ii. Scrubber Stack 3 meters above building X 2 Nos iii. D.G. Set 2.6 meters above roof 15 Details of Hazardous Waste Particulars HW Generation Quantity Method of Category* in TPA Disposal i. Off specification 29.3 73 CHWTSDF products ii. Discarded containers Will be Sold to Barrels, used for HW 33.1 2500 Nos. /A authorized recycler chemicals

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iii. Spent oil/ waste/ Will be Sold to process/ residues authorized recycler, 5.1/5.2 1.0 containing oil etc. reprocess or / CHWTSDF iv. ETP Sludge 35.3 91.25 CHWTSDF v. Manufacturing process 29.1 36.5 CHWTSDF waste vi. Manufacturing - Spent Will be Sold to solvent 29.4 189.6 authorized recycler, Re-processor vii. Strip solvent Will be Sold to 36 authorized recycler, Re-processor viii. Solvent Distillation 20.3 2.47 CHWTSDF Residue ix. MEE Salt 37.3 90 CHWTSDF x. Spent Carbon 28.3 14.7825 CHWTSDF * Schedule I, The Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016. ES-3 Justification of project India pesticides market stood at $ 2.6 billion in the year 2016 and is projected to exhibit a Compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.04% in value terms to reach $ 5.17 billion by 2026, on account of increasing awareness among farmers due to growing crop loss caused by rising number of pest attacks. Study on pesticide consumption say that approx. 35 – 45 % crop production is lost due to insects, weeds and diseases. Crystal Crop Protection, PI Industries, Bayer Crop Science, Syngenta India, Rallis India Ltd, BASF India, UPL Limited, Cheminova, Adama India and Dhanuka Agritech, etc. are the major pesticide manufacturer of Indian market.

According to the Indian Insecticides Act 1968, all pesticide products are to be registered before they are manufactured, sold, exported or imported. There are 256 registered pesticide products (Technical grade and Formulated) in India. Cotton and Paddy are the major crops where pesticides consumption is 50% and 18%, respectively. Rice, which is grown over 24% of the cropped area, consumes 18 per cent of the pesticides. Sugarcane uses 2% of the pesticides and other crops grown over 6 per cent of the cropped area account for 1% pesticides only (Source: agropages.com). The demand for organic chemicals in India has increased at nearly 7.8% during 2009 – 13 to reach 3.6 million tons in 2013. Domestic production has increased at ~ 2.4% per annum and imports grew at a rate of 8.7% during 2009 – 13.

Looking to above market scenario, project proponent proposes a plant to manufacture technical grade pesticides and synthetic organic chemicals at MIDC Avadhan, Dist. Dhule, State Maharashtra.

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ES-4 Process Description: Company proposed to manufacture pesticide, perfumery chemicals and Dye & Dye Intermediate products. The raw materials required for proposed activity will be procured from local market. The detailed manufacturing processes are given in chapter 2 and its respective annexure. It will be ZLD project. The process emissions will be subjected to respective wet scrubber system followed by stack of suitable height.

ES-5 Baseline Environmental Status The study area is 10 km radial distance from centre of proposed plant site. All the monitoring has been completed in various locations within the study area. The findings of the baseline environmental status on Land (Topography, Soil Quality, Land Use Pattern), Micrometeorology (Temperature, Humidity, Rainfall, Wind Speed), Air (Ambient Air Quality - PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX, CO), Noise Level, Ecological Environment (flora and fauna), Socio Economic Conditions are presented in the report and interpreted with reference to Standards.

ES-5.1 Air Environment PM10 The study reveals that maximum concentration was observed to be in the range of 50.7 - 57.1 µg/m3. The highest 24-hourly concentration was recorded at sampling location A1 which is an industrial area. At the same time minimum concentration was observed at location A2 which is a remote village. The average concentration of PM10 can be said to be ranged between 49.8- 57.1 µg/m3. The high concentration of particulate matter recorded at project site (A1) may be due to the vehicular movement and operation industries around site. It should be noted that the concentration of PM10 was not observed to be exceeding the standards prescribed by the CPCB on any occasion. The minimum concentration at location A2 can be said due to its remote location and minimal human activity in and around the monitoring station. Therefore, experiences minimal levels of pollution.

PM2.5

The major source of PM2.5 is said to be the combustion of fossil fuels, fire wood, etc. The 3 maximum of PM2.5 (28.7 µg/m ) during the study period was recorded at location A1, whereas the minimum 24.7 µg/m3 concentration was recorded at A4 location which is a at outskirts of

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main dhule city. The minimum concentration indicates that the area experiences minimal combustion. On the other hand high concentration at location A1 indicates that the area experiences high emissions due to the combustion of fossil fuel and vehicular movement in the surroundings. It is important to note that location A1 lies in the MIDC area which experiences constant movement of vehicles which can be said to be the major cause for increase in the concentration of PM2.5. The average concentration of PM2.5 during the study period was computed to be in the range of 23.9-28.4 µg/m3.

Sulphur dioxide (SO2)

High level of SO2 in ambient air indicates the presence of combustion of fossil fuel in the vicinity. The ambient air monitoring results indicate that the highest average concentration of

SO2 is experienced at the project site, i.e. location A1. The constant traffic and regular movement of heavy vehicles which are diesel driven around the MIDC area can be considered as the principle source of emission for SO2. The max concentration of SO2 recorded at all the monitoring locations during the study period ranged between 17.8-18.8 µg/m3 respectively. It should be noted that maximum average concentration was recorded at location A1 while the lowest can be observed at location A7.

Oxides of Nitrogen (NOX)

The highest value of NOX during the monitoring period was observed at location A1 while the minimum average was recorded at A8. The average concentrations were in the range of 23.29- 3 22.4 µg/m . The maximum 24-hourly value of NOX was recorded at the monitoring location A1 (25.6µg/m3) whereas the minimum concentration of NOx was recorded at location A8 (22.1 µg/m3). It should be noted that the location A8 was observed to have minimal vehicular activity resulting in minimal concentration of pollutants. Carbon monoxide (CO) The anthropogenic source of CO is due to incomplete combustion of fuel majorly in absence of air. The maximum concentration of CO estimated at all locations during the study period can be observed to be within 0.06 to 0.18 mg/m3 respectively. The minimum concentration at all locations ranged between 0.01 and 0.06 mg/m3. The highest average is calculated at location A7. All the results of ambient air quality parameters have been found within the limit as per NAAQS. Based on comparison study of results for tested parameters with NAAQS, it is

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interpreted that ambient air quality of studied locations is good. This interpretation relates to the results found for particular locations during the monitoring.

ES-5.2 Noise Environment Based on noise level data obtained during the survey for residential area and industrial area, it is interpreted that noise levels are within the standard norms prescribed by MoEF & CC. Looking towards the increase in noise generating sources it is suggested that there is need to apply noise reducing devices at noise generating sources and generate public awareness.

ES-5.3 Water Environment

Surface water quality

The results presented in the earlier section are discussed and concluded in this section. The values obtained are compared with the standards prescribed for the respective designated use of the water body as categorized in the earlier part of the study. The analysis helps to concluded that the pH of all the samples was found to vary between: 7.3 – 8.0. It should be noted that the values obtained were within the desirable limit for pH as prescribed by CPCB. The total hardness was observed to be ranging between 136.6 to 212 mg/l. The maximum value of hardness was recorded at SW7 and the minimum value was recorded at SW6. The concentration of Total Dissolved Solids was estimated in the range of 240 mg/l to 590 mg/l. The maximum concentration of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) was observed at SW7 whereas the minimum TDS concentration was observed at SW6. The Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) & Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) values were calculated to be in the range of BDL to 33 mg/l & BDL to 11.7 mg/l respectively. The presence of heavy metals like, Copper, Boron, Chrominum, Zinc, were found out be below the detection limit for all the water samples. It should be noted that the iron content in all the samples of surface water bodies were within limit. Fluoride was detected in BDL in all samples. The nitrate concentration was observed to be in the range of 8.4 – 22.7 mg/l. Surface runoff from agricultural fields using the fertilizers can be the major source of nitrate. The microbiological samples for total coliforms were in the range of 11-90 org/100 ml. It should be noted that in case of the selected water bodies (SW-1 to SW-8) classified under category “B”.

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Ground water quality

The pH of all the ground water samples was within the prescribed standards. The concentration of heavy metals was below detection limit. Iron was detected in GW1, GW2 & GW3 which is below permissible limit. The hardness of all the ground water samples was found to be ranging between 155.7-191.7 mg/lit. The value of hardness was within the acceptable limit at all the locations. It can be observed that the values for total dissolved solids in all the sampling locations were estimated to be under the acceptable standards for drinking water. The concentration of total dissolved solids ranged between 317.3-474.2 mg/lit. The maximum concentration was observed at location GW2 whereas the minimum concentration was observed at GW5. It should be noted that the microbiological analysis of all the samples indicate that total coliforms was absent in all the ground water samples.

The fluoride concentrations are ranging between 0.1 - 0.46 mg/l. The presence of the fluoride in all the water samples is mostly due to geogenic in nature. The nitrates concentrations were BDL in all samples.

Thus based on the above results it can be stated that the water from the said samples can be considered fit for consumption and potable purpose with basic primary treatment. The water can be used for domestic utilization and gardening without any treatment.

ES-5.4 Soil Environment • The soils are categorized as clay soil for all the locations. They have moderate to good water holding capacity (50.23 to 68.10 %) and porosity (51.24 to 66.81 %) but moderate drainage capacity as texture is clay.

• The pH of the soil samples narrowly ranged from 7.41 to 7.82 during the study period. The soil EC also varied from 128.43 to 1739.06 µS/cm. These parameters indicate that soils are neutral to alkaline in reaction, saline

• Among exchangeable basic cations predominance of calcium (21.22 to 64.90 meq/100 g soil) was seen followed by Mg (6.16 –21.47 meq/100 g soil), Na (0.12 to 0.40 meq/100 g soil) and K (0.18 to 0.67 meq/100 g soil). This shows that soils are high in nitrogen status.

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ES-6 Prediction of Impacts & Mitigation Measures

Table No. ES- 2: Summary of Impacts & Mitigation Measures A) Construction Phase Sr. Environmental Aspect Impact Proposed Mitigation No Parameters Attributes Measures 1. Air Quality Mnimum dust Workers getting exposed Traffic management for emissions from to the dust pollution loading and unloading handling & generated due to the of the materials. transportation of construction activity can Regular sprinkling of cement/concrete/ suffer from respiratory water on the working stone aggregates. problems and prolonged site, Avoiding Cement exposure can lead to dust emission, malfunctioning of lungs. Managing stockpiles. Creating wind barrier for controlling the dust emissions. 2. Noise Quality Noise generated The impacts of high Appropriate PPEs will from construction noise level would be be provided to the equipment’s/mac Temporary/Permanent workers. hinery like spade, hearing loss, Implementation of shovel, dabber, Mental disturbance, Traffic management. drill, hammer, Increase in heart rate, Development of Green concrete mixer Affecting worker's belt. etc. performance. Transportation of construction materials.

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tion materials left over. B) Operational Phase Sr. Environmental Aspect Impact Proposed Mitigation No. Parameters Attributes Measures 1. Air Quality Operation of The Health effects 1. Appropriate Stack of Boiler & THF related to particulate 30 m will be provided to Gaseous matter are majorly the Boiler. emission from respiratory, 2. Acid/Alkali scrubbers manufacturing pulmonary injury & will be installed to catered process, Non lung cancer etc. emissions from process spontaneous Exposure to SO2 and activity. emissions from NOx majorly leads to 3. The roads within the Transportation respiratory problems. premises are paved to of raw materials Carbon monoxide avoid the dust generation & finished decreases the oxygen from vehicular activity. goods. carrying capacity of 4. It will be ensured that VOC emission the blood by reducing all the transportation generated due to the hemoglobin. The vehicles have a valid PUC the handling and health effects related (Pollution under Control) storage of the to VOC emission are Certificate. solvents & other eye, nose and throat 5. Proper servicing & raw materials. irritation headaches, maintenance of vehicles loss of coordination will be carried out. and nausea, damage to 6. Regular sweeping of all liver, kidney and the roads & floors will be central nervous done. system etc. 7. The proposed thick The air emissions in green belt along the plant long course of time boundary will help to may affect the capture the fugitive immediate emission. surrounding 8. Industry to ensure that vegetation stature at no point of time the air physically (leaf emission concentrations senescence, hampered exceed the prescribed growth etc.) & standards. biologically thus may affect the overall surrounding ecology. 2. Noise Quality Operation of The impacts of high 1. Acoustic enclosure will Boiler, Reactors, noise level would be be provided to the high ancillary utilities Temporary/Permanent noise generating & transportation hearing loss, equipments for activity. Mental disturbance

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Increase in heart rate attenuation of noise level Decreasing in workers during operation. performance due to 2. Boilers will be placed psychiatric disorder in a confined space viz. Workers developing boiler house where the Tinnitus due to high surrounding walls acts as level of noise a barrier for noise exposure on regular propagation. basis. 3. Isolation of high intensity noise generating The increased noise equipments. level may induce 4. Using engineering locale level controls for reducing the disturbances/ noise level. temporary migration 5. Appropriate traffic of fauna in the management to be immediate vicinity of implemented. the project area. 6. Green belt developed around the company premises will acts a noise barrier. 7. Appropriate PPE should be provided to workers. 3. Water Quality 1. Washing Indiscriminate 1. The LCOD/LTDS Effluent from release/discharge of effluent from process process activity. effluents may washings and blowdowns 2. Blow down contaminate the from utilities will be water from surrounding surface treated in conventional Boiler and and groundwater & ETP; comprises of Cooling Tower. there by affecting the Primary, Secondary & 3.Domestic overall ecology & Tertiary treatment facility. wastewater agricultural productivity. 2. The sewage effluent load from the company will be connected to the aeration tank i.e. secondary treatment facility of the unit.

3. Process effluent will be subjected to Stripper MEE with ATFD

4. The condensate from MEE unit will be utilized

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as feed water in cooling tower, while the residue from overall operation of MEE will be disposed through CHWTSDF. 4. Solid Waste 1. Hazardous Unscientific handling 1. Hazardous waste Management - waste generated & disposal may lead generated from the overall Hazardous from the Storage to contamination of activity of the project will Waste of Raw material. surrounding soil, disposed to CHWTSDF. 2. Sludge water sources & there 2. Sludge generated from generated from by affecting the the ETP operations are the ETP ecology & health of disposed to - CHWTSDF. operation. the workers coming in 3. Residue generated from 3. Residue direct contact with the MEE unit will be generated from hazardous waste like disposed through the SEE skin CHWTSDF. operation. allergies/rashes/burns etc. Solid Waste 1. Scrap Metal 1.Hap-Hazard Designated area for Scrap Management - 2. Scrap Plastic handling & storage materials will be provided Non-Hazardous 3. Office Waste may lead to in the plant. waste 4.Food Waste inadequate open space 5. Carboys & in plant premises & it Scrap materials will be wooden pellets may lead to rodent recycled through breeding. registered scrap vendors.

Daily housekeeping waste and food waste will be disposed through local waste management facility.

ES-7 Risk Assessment Study

Risks likely to pose harm to man, environment or property associated with various activities are addressed in this report. Such activities include transport, storage, handling and usage of hazardous raw materials & fuels etc. To calculate the risk involved in the process of the proposed project; ALOHA 5.2.2 is performed for all storage tanks/tonners. the MCLS (maximum credible loss scenario) for the factory works out to about 739 meter for Toluene with 2.0 kW/(sq m) impact in the environment.

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DOW Index has been calculated for all the flammable raw materials in storage. As per the Degree of Fire and Hazard Index the DOW Index falls in Light, Intermediate & Moderate category.

Mond’s Index was calculated for all toxic/corrosive chemicals. The value of toxicity falls in moderate category of the Toxicity Index for all the chemicals. Appropriate preventive and mitigation measures will be provided to cater all the hazards.

ES-8 Disaster management plan In view of handling of hazardous chemicals in industry, Onsite and Offsite Emergency Plans are important hence, has been prepared for the industry. During operational phase, surrounding population shall be made aware of safety precautions to be taken in case of any emergency situation due to the overall project activity. On-site disaster management plan and Off-site emergency management plan, commands communication and controls will be established and maintained. Adequate provisions like emergency response, response organization, response plan, Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS), command and control, capabilities, transportation, medical facilities, mitigation measures, training, education, public awareness emergency plan review etc. to control any disaster situation will be made available.

ES-9 CER Activity After establishment of the project, company will carry out following CER activities. The proposed CER activities and the budgetary allotment for the same is presented in Table ES-3

Table No. ES- 3: CER Budget Cost of Cost in Proposed INR for the Year of Activity Cost Estimate in INR Project in CER Implementation INR Activity Providing basic amenities to the ZP School Dhangarwadi as 2022 3,00,000/- under: 4.99 Cr. is the 9.98 Lacs Solar Panles and Lights Project Cost. Providing Greenbelt and Solar 2021 lights to Primary Health Center 6,98,000/- Ravet.

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ES-10 Occupational Health Measures Company will strictly adhere to the rules of Factories Act 1948 & the Maharashtra Factories Rules, 1963 regarding the occupational health facilities to be provided to the workers of the company. The industry will have provided decontamination facilities for the workers. The health records of the workers would be maintained. For the continuous and continual development, company will train & educate the operators and workers with the environment, health & safety rules & regulation, procedure and measures.

ES-11 Post Project Monitoring Plan Monitoring of environmental parameters will be done as per the guidelines provide by MoEF/CPCB/SPCB. The standard/ approved/recommended methods by MoEF&CC/CPCB will be followed.

Table No. ES- 4: Post project monitoring parameters & frequency Sr. Activity/Area Pollutant Pollutant Frequency Period no Characteristics OPERATION PHASE 1. Vehicular Dust CO, SO2, NOX, Intermittent / Quarterly Movement Emission SPM in Ambient Periodic Air 2. Boiler & TFH Air CO, SO2, NOX, Intermittent / Monthly emissions SPM from boiler Periodic 3. Scrubbers Air VOC, Acid fumes Intermittent / Monthly emissions Periodic 3. Boiler Area, Sound Noise Level dB (A) Intermittent / Monthly ETP, Work Periodic Place Area 4. Effluent All pH, O & G, TDS, Intermittent / Weekly treatment plant parameters TSS, COD, BOD. Periodic Heavy Metals & Organic Compounds specific to project 5. Hazardous E.T.P H.W. As per the Once in a Wastes sludge, characteristics requirement Year Process of CHWTSDF residue, providers MEE residue, PE Bags etc.

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6. Work Place Air Volatile Organic Intermittent / Monthly pollutants, Compounds Periodic Heavy metals

ES-12 EMP Cost & Budgetary Allocation The proposed capital investment of the company is envisaged to be about 4.99 Cr (INR). and the capital investment for Environmental Pollution Control Measures will be around 1.82 Cr (INR), The cost details for Environmental Management are as under in Table ES-5

Table No. ES- 5: EMP Budget & Budgetary Allocation Recurring Cost per annum Capital Cost Sr. No. Particular (Rs. in Lacs) INR (Rs. In Lacs) INR 1 Air Pollution Control 3.0 15.00 2 Water Pollution Control 30.0 150.00 3 Noise Pollution Control 0.50 2.50 4 Solid waste management 6.00 4.00 5. Environment Monitoring 3.5 - 6 Occupational Health 2.0 7.0 7 Green Belt 0.81 1.0 8 RWH 0.50 3.0 Total 46.31 182.5

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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Purpose of the Report

M/s. Goga Industries, owned by Mr. Pramod M Kawale; propose to establish their pesticide and synthetic organic chemical manufacturing unit at plot no: J-19, Avadhan MIDC in Dhule district of Maharashtra State, India. The total production capacity of the unit will be 2887.50 MTA. Company has obtained consent to establish for the production of Ayurvedic and Homeopathic medicines activity; vide consent no: SRO-Dhule/Consent/1908000878 dated: 29th August 2019. Based on the present market scenario Goga Industries has decided to get in to Chemical Business-like Pesticide, Dyes and Perfumery etc. for that we had done application for obtaining Environmental Clearance.

In order to assess the probable environmental impacts due to the proposed project, Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report has been prepared.

The main objectives of the EIA studies are mentioned below:

➢ Assessment of the background concentration of the pollutants around the 10 km study area of the project site.

➢ Ensuring environmental factors are considered in the decision-making process during the planning and designing stage of the project.

➢ Avoid serious and irreversible damage to the environment.

➢ Identify and quantify potential sources and determine the significance of impacts on sensitive receptors.

➢ Identify and quantify any potential losses or damage to flora, fauna and natural habitats.

➢ Identify any impacts on sites of cultural heritage and to propose measures to mitigate these impacts.

➢ Identify, describe and quantify any potential landscape and visual impacts and evaluate the significance of impacts on sensitive receivers.

➢ Identify & quantify anticipated risk & hazard in the operating phase of the project & recommending appropriate mitigation measures to minimize the impact.

➢ Identify, predict and evaluate the environmental impacts and the cumulative effects expected to arise during the construction and operation phases of the proposed developments in relation to the sensitive receptors.

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➢ Identify, assess and specify methods, measures and standards, to be included in the detailed design, construction and operation of the proposed developments which are necessary to mitigate these environmental impacts and reducing them to acceptable levels.

➢ Delineation of environmental management plan (EMP) outlining prevention and control strategies for minimizing adverse impacts of the project.

➢ Formulation of environmental quality monitoring program for operational phases to be pursued by the project proponent.

1.2 Information about project proponent

M/s Goga Industries planning to set up of Synthetic Organic Chemicals and Pesticides Products Manufacturing Units at Avadhan MIDC, Dhule District. Project proponent is dealing with such projects since long. The director of this company has extensive experience in industry. The aim of Goga Industries is to set up the unit for manufacture of pesticide specific intermediates & synthetic organic chemicals. The owner of Goga Industries also intends to extrapolate business by way of Manufacturing, exporting & selling all the kinds of organic chemicals and its intermediates for which the project is applying for Environmental Clearance.

1.3 Brief description of nature, size, location of the project and its importance to the country, region.

1.3.1 Nature of the project As per Environmental Impact Assessment Notification published by MoEF&CC on 14th September 2006 and its till amendments, the proposed activity of pesticide and synthetic organic chemical manufacturing are falling under schedule 5(b) and 5(f) respectively. The project proponent is willing to manufacture two different category of product; as per EIA Notification, 2006 and its subsequent amendments; Pesticide manufacturing activity is falling under category “A”; to be appraised by Expert Appraisal Committee (Industrial Project-2), Government of India.

It is a Greenfield (New) project, with different product scenarios like pesticide, dyes, dyes intermediate and perfumery chemicals.

Company proposed to manufacture 13 numbers of products with total production quantity of 2887.50 MTA. It will be zero liquid discharge (ZLD) unit.

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1.3.2 Size of the project Total Cost of the Project is Rs. 4.99 Crores.

The proposed activity will be carried out at plot admeasuring total area of 1655 square meters, the existing building with ground plus three floor configurations will be utilized for proposed production activity of the unit. The final built-up area of unit will be will be 396.17 square meters, include factory building.

1.3.3 Location of the project The project site is located in Notified industrial area; at plot no: J-19, Avadhan MIDC in Dhule district of Maharashtra State, India.

The geographical location of project site is Latitude 20049’55.98” N and Longitude 74044’55.06” E at mean sea level of 329 meters.

Table No. 1.1: Project Coordinates No. of Corners Latitude Longitude A 20°49'57.00"N 74°44'55.06"E B 20°49'56.64"N 74°44'55.80"E C 20°49'54.81"N 74°44'54.80"E D 20°49'55.03"N 74°44'53.93"E

Figure 1.1: Google Image

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Table No. 1.2: Salient Features of project location Sr. Feature Description No. 1. Nearest Village Avadhan Village 2. Nearest City/ Town Avadhan – 3 Km NW direction 3. Latitude and Longitude Latitude – 20°49'55.98” N Longitude - 74°44'55.06” E 4. Nearest Sea NA 5. Seismic Zone Seismic Zone - III as per IS: 1893 and all designs will be as per IS Codes 6. Nearest Railway Station Dhule Railway station is 10.3 km away from the site 7. Nearest Hospital Om Critical Care Center Pvt. Ltd. – 6.82 Km Siddheshwar Multi Speciality Hospital – 8.91 Km. 8. Nearest Fire Station Fire Protection, Service Station – 8.27 Km. 9. Nearest School Annasaheb Chudman Patil Memorial Medical Collage – 7.62 Km Vidya Vardhini Collage – 7.85 Km 10. Nearest Bus Stand Malegaon (Dhule)- 4.89 Km By Pass Thkari- 5.96 Km 11. Nearest Highway Mumbai – Agra Highway – AH 47- 0.48 Km 12 Nearest waterbody MIDC Lake – 3.01 Km 13 Nearest Airport The project site is 13.7 km from Gondur Airport on North Direction. 14 Areas which are important or Proposed project is located at MIDC, Avadhan sensitive for ecological reasons - Wetlands, biospheres, mountains 15 Areas used by protected, None within study area of 10 km radius from important or sensitive species of project site flora or fauna for breeding, nesting, foraging, resting, over wintering, migration 16 Archaeologically important None within study area of 10 km radius from places project site 17 Protected areas as per Wildlife None within study area of 10 km radius from Protection Act, 1972 (Tiger project site reserve, Elephant reserve, Biospheres, National parks, Wildlife sanctuaries, community reserves and conservation reserves)

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1.3.4 A toposheet of the study area of radius of 10km and site location on 1:50,000/1: 25,000 scale The project location is falling under SOI (Survey of India) Toposheet no: SOI TOPOSHEET 46L/9 & 46L/13.

Figure 1.2: Toposheet within 10 Km Radius from Goga Industries, J-19, MIDC Avadhan

1.3.5 Importance to the country India pesticides market stood at $ 2.6 billion in the year 2016 and is projected to exhibit a Compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.04% in value terms to reach $ 5.17 billion by 02026, on account of increasing awareness among farmers due to growing crop loss caused by rising number of pest attacks. Study on pesticide consumption say that approx. 35 – 45 % crop production is lost due to insects, weeds and diseases. Moreover, increasing adoption of bio pesticides, rising preference towards environmental friendly pesticides and better agricultural

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EE/EIA/F/IND/GI/001/2019-20/00 Chapter2: Project Description practices are further anticipated to drive growth in India pesticides market through 2026. Crystal Crop Protection, PI Industries, Bayer Crop Science, Syngenta India, Rallis India Ltd, BASF India, UPL Limited, Cheminova, Adama India and Dhanuka Agritech, etc. are the major pesticide manufacturer of Indian market.

1.4 Scope of the study

The Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC, Industry Projects-2) had accorded ToR to the proponent. The baseline data collection was carried out on the basis of the standard TOR approved by MOEF & CC for the period of December 2019 to February 2020 with respect to the letter of intent from the client. The Environment Impact Assessment report is prepared based on standard ToR by MoEF& CC as accorded by EAC-2 vide letter no. IA-J- 11011/292/2019-IA-II(I) dated 3rd November 2019.

1.4.1 Standard ToR by MoEF & CC dated 3rd November, 2019. Table No. 1.3: Compliance of Standard TOR Sr. Approved TORs Discription Reference No . Standard Terms of Referance (ToR) 1. Executive Summary -- Details are mentioned in Chapter 11 2. Introduction

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i. Details of the EIA JYOTI OM CHEMICAL RESEARCH Details of EIA Consultant including CENTRE PVT. LTD. consultant is NABET accreditation presented in NABET Application No.: Chapter 1, CQI/NABET/EIA/0469/IA00 Section-1.5 Date of assessment: Chapter-12, CQI/NABET/EIA/0469/IA00 Section-12.1.

High court stay order is attached as : Annexure No. 9 ii Information about the Mr. Pramod Kawale is an Owner of the Information about project proponent Company having equivalent Experience in the project this field. proponent is presented in Chapter-1, Section-1.3.5 iii Importance and benefits --- Importance of of the project. proposed project is given inChapter- 1 Section-1.3.4 and benefits are presented in Chapter-8. 3 Project Description i. Cost of project and time Total Cost of the project- Rs. 4.99 Cr. Details are of completion Time of completion of the project activities mentioned in and expected commercial production will be Chapter - 1 commenced during 2021-2022 ii Products with capacities 1. Dyes and Intermediate – 1450 MT/A. Product list with for the proposed project. 2. Perfumery, Flavours and Fragrance – their capacities is 787.5 MT/A presented in 3. Pesticides – 650 MT/A Chapter 2 Total Production capacity of the project – 2887.50 MT/A. iii. If expansion project, Existing green category of Consent to -- details of existing Establish is for Homeopathy and Ayurvedic products with capacities medicine. and whetheradequate land is available for Now, as per the market scenario, M/s. Goga expansion, reference of Industries are going for change in activity earlier EC if any. and proposing manufacturing of Pesticide, Dyes and intermediate and perfumery type. iv. List of raw materials The raw materials required for the process List of raw required and their are bought from the local market. Mode of materials and their source along with mode transportation of raw materials to the project source alongwith of transportation site by road. mode of transportation is Raw material and solvent will be store in presented in adjacent unit, which is taken on rent by M/s. Chapter 2. Goga Industries.

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v. Other chemicals and -- List of chemicals materials required with with quantity and quantities and storage storage capacities capacity is presented in Chapter-2 & Chapter 7. vi. Details of Emission, Effluent quantity generated from the Project Details on air effluents, hazardous will be 35.44 CMD, Hazardous waste like emissions, waste generation and Slovent Distillation residue, Spent Solvent, effluents and their management Spent Oil etc. will generate from the process hazardous waste which will be sent to CHWSTDF, MEPL generation and Ranjangaon, Pune District. Membership is their management received for the same. are presented in Chapter 2 vii. Requirement of water, Source on Fresh water requirement will be Chapter 2, Table power, with source of from MIDC, Avadahan. Power requirement :2.1 supply, status of will be from MSEDCL. approval, water balance Total water requirement – 81.21 KLD diagram, man-power Fresh water requirement – 48.36 KLD requirement (regular and Recycled water requirement – 32.85 KLD. contract) Power requirement – 150 kW

Man Power requirement will be 30 nos. including skilled and unskilled. viii Process description along -- Product wise with major process equipment’s and description, machineries, process chemical flow sheet (quantative) reaction, flow from raw material to diagram, material products to be provided balance is presented in Chapter 2 Major equipment’s and machineries are presented in Chapter- 2. ix. Hazard identification and Safety aspects are studied in detailed in Hazard details of proposed safety QRA study. identification and systems. safety systems details are presented in Chapter- 7. x. Expansion/modernization Fresh Proposal. -- proposals:

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xi Copy of all the -- Not Applicable Environmental Clearance(s) including Amendments thereto obtained for the project from MOEF/SEIAA shall be attached as an Annexure. A certified copy of the latest Monitoring Report of the Regional Office of the Ministry of Environment and Forests as per circular dated 30th May, 2012 on the status of compliance of conditions stipulated in all the existing environmental In case the existing Not Applicable. Copy of Consent to project has not obtained Establish is environmental clearance, Existing green category of Consent to attached as reasons for not taking EC Establish is for Homeopathy and Ayurvedic Annexure. under the provisions of medicine. the EIA Notification 1994 and/or EIA Notification Now, M/s. Goga Industries are going for 2006 shall be provided. change in activity and proposing Copies of Consent to manufacturing of Pesticide, Dyes and Establish/No Objection intermediate and perfumery type. Certificate and Consent to Operate (in case of units operating prior to EIA Notification 2006, CTE and CTO of FY 2005- 2006) obtained from the SPCB shall be submitted. Further, compliance report to the conditions of consents from the SPCB shall be submitted. Site Details Location of the project M/s. Goga Industries are going for change site covering village, in activity and proposing manufacturing of taluka /Tehsil, District Pesticide, Dyes and intermediate and and State, Justification perfumery type., at Plot No. J-19, MIDC for selecting the site, Avadhan, Dist. Dhule, Maharashtra. whether other sites were considered. Justification for selection of site-

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• Availability of required land for locating the synthetic organic chemicals plant. • Suitability of land from topography and geological aspects • Proximity to rail/ road to facilitate transport of equipment/ materials • Availability of adequate quantity of fuel and fuel transport facility • Availability of adequate quantity of water to meet production, cooling boiler and domestic requirement • Facility of interconnection with distribution system of power • Proximity to disposal of hazardous waste management site • Within designated industrial area for chemical industry • Already many similar units are established here • Good communication and transportation facilities. No R&R will be required. A toposheet of the study Toposheet of 10 km radius Study Area in Details are area of radius of 10km 1:50,000 scale on A3 sheet. mentioned in and site location on Chapter 1 Section 1:50,000/1:25, 000 scale 1.3.4 on an A3/A2 sheet. (including all Eco sensitive areas and environmentally sensitive places) Details w.r.t. option Not Applicable for this project. -- analysis for selection of site Co-ordinates (lat-long) of Co-ordinates of all four corners of the Google Image is all four corners of the project attached in site site is presented in Chapter 2 Page No. 2- Chapter 2& 3 6. No. of Latitude Longitude Corner s A 20°49'57.00" 74°44'55.06" N E B 20°49'56.64" 74°44'55.80" N E C 20°49'54.81" 74°44'54.80" N E

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D 20°49'55.03" 74°44'53.93" N E

Google map-Earth -- Google map is shown downloaded of the project in Chapter 2 site. Layout maps indicating -- Layout maps existing unit as well as indicating existing proposed unit indicating unit as well as storage area, plant area, proposed unit greenbelt area, utilities indicating storage etc. If located within an area, plant area, Industrial greenbelt area, area/Estate/Complex, utilities etc. is layout of Industrial Area presented indicating location of unit in Chapter 2 within the Industrial area/Estate Photographs of the -- The proposed plant proposed and existing (if photographs applicable) plant site. If including existing, show greenbelt and photographs of proposed site plantation/greenbelt, in photograph is particular. presented in Chapter 2 Land use break-up of -- The land use break- total land of the project up of the total land site (identified and of the acquired), government/ project site is private - agricultural, presented in forest, wasteland, water Chapter 2. bodies, settlements, etc. shall be included. (not required for industrial area) A list of major industries with name and type # Industry Type of Approximat within study area (10km Industry e distance radius) shall be from project incorporated. Land use site in km details of the study area 1 Indoamine Chemical 0.1, NW s Ltd Industry Direction Indoamine Chemical 0.76, N s Ltd Industry Direction 2 Mishribhai AgroTec 0.43, NW Agrotech h chem Direction industry 3 Deep Chemical 1.0, NE Finechem Industry Direction Private Ltd

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4 Gayatri Pesticide 0.71, N Pesticide Industry Direction Pvt. Ltd. 5 Indira AgroTec 0.95 Km, . Agro Tech h chem NW Pvt. Ltd. industry Direction

Geological features and -- Geological features Geo-hydrological status and Geo- of the study area shall be hydrological included status of the study area is presented in Chapter 3 Details of Drainage of the There is no major river within 1 km radius Drainage map of project up to 5km radius of the project site. the project site is of study area. If the site is shown within 1 km radius of any Chapter 3 major river, peak and lean season river discharge as well as flood occurrence frequency based on peak rainfall data of the past 30 years. Details of Flood Level of the project site and maximum Flood Level of the river shall also be provided. (mega green field projects) Status of acquisition of Land is in factory’s possession. No Details are land. If acquisition is not additional land is acquired for the project. mentioned in complete, stage of the Chapter 2 acquisition process and expected time of complete possession of the land R&R details in respect of Proposed project is not involved any R& R -- land in line with state involved. Government policy. Forest and wildlife related issues (if applicable) – Not Applicable Permission and approval Not Applicable for the use of forest land (forestry clearance), if any, and recommendations of the State Forest Department. (if applicable) Landuse map based on Not Applicable High resolution satellite imagery (GPS) of the proposed site delineating the forestland

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(in case of projects involving forest land more than 40 ha) Status of Application Not Applicable submitted for obtaining the stage I forestry clearance along with latest status shall be submitted. The projects to be located Not Applicable within 10 km of the National Parks, Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves, Migratory Corridors of Wild Animals, the project proponent shall submit the map duly authenticated by Chief Wildlife Warden showing these features vis-à-vis the project location and the recommendations or comments of the Chief Wildlife Warden there on. Wildlife Conservation Not Applicable Plan duly authenticated by the Chief Wildlife Warden of the State Government for conservation of Schedule I fauna, if any exists in the study area. Copy of application Not Applicable submitted for clearance under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, to the Standing Committee of the National Board for Wildlife Environmental Status Determination of -- Site-specific atmospheric inversion micrometeorologic level at the project site al data using and site-specific temperature, micrometeorological data relative humidity, using temperature, hourly wind relative humidity, hourly

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wind speed and direction speed and direction and rainfall. and rainfall is presented in Chapter 3 AAQ data (except AAQ data for post monsoon at 8 locations The monitoring monsoon) at 8 locations for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, CO has been stations are located for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, collected. taking in to account NOX, CO and other the pre-dominant parameters relevant to the wind project shall be collected. direction, The monitoring stations population zone shall be based CPCB and sensitive guidelines and take into receptors including account the pre-dominant reserved forests is wind direction, presented in population zone and Chapter 3 sensitive receptors including reserved forests. Raw data of all AAQ The baseline AAQ field data in study area Baseline status of measurement for 12 results of all locations for the study period study area and weeks of all stations as are min., max., mean per frequency given in the presented in Annexure-3 and 98th percentile NAQQM Notification of values are Nov. 2009 along with - presented in min., max., average and Chapter3 98% values for each of the AAQ parameters from data of all AAQ stations should be provided as an annexure to the EIA Report. Surface water quality of Tapi River is @ 5.17 Km Baseline study of nearby River (100 m Velhale Talav is @5.10 Km the Surface water upstream and There is no discharge of effluent to water location is downstream of discharge body. presented in the point) and other surface Chapter 3 drains at eight locations as per CPCB/MoEF&CC guidelines. Whether the site falls near -- Not Applicable to polluted stretch of river details are mention identified by the in Chapter 3 CPCB/MoEF&CC, if yes give details. Ground water monitoring -- Ground water at minimum at 8 locations monitoring shall be included. locations are presented in the Chapter 3

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Noise levels monitoring -- Noise levels at 8 at 8 locations within the monitoring study area. locations are presented in the Chapter 3 Soil Characteristic as per --- Soil samples at 4 CPCB guidelines locations are presented in the Chapter 3 Traffic study of the area, Since, the proposed project is located in Chapter 4 type of vehicles, MIDC area, the traffic impact may not be in frequency of vehicles for significant magnitude transportation of materials, additional traffic due to proposed project, parking arrangement etc.

Plan and fund allocation Plan and fund allocation to ensure the -- to ensure the occupational health & safety of all contract occupational health & and casual workers safety of all contract and casual workers Details of exposure All required health checkup will be done -- specific health status after operation of the unit will start and will evaluation of worker. If maintain the records. the workers' health is being evaluated by pre- designed format, chest x rays, Audiometry, Spirometry, Vision testing (Far & Near vision, color vision and any other ocular defect) ECG, during pre placement and periodical examinations give the details of the same. Details regarding last month analyzed data of above mentioned parameters as per age, sex, duration of exposure and department wise Details of existing Not Applicable, because unit is new. -- Occupational & Safety Hazards. What are the exposure levels of hazards and whether they are within Permissible

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Exposure level (PEL). If these are not within PEL, what measures the company has adopted to keep them within PEL so that health of the workers can be preserved Annual report of health Not Applicable -- status of workers with special reference to Occupational Health and Safety. Corporate Environment Policy Does the company have a Will prepare the Environment Policy Chapter-10, well laid down before starting the Operation Section 10.13 Environment Policy approved by its Board of Directors? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA report Does the Environment Will prepare the Environment Policy before -- Policy prescribe for starting the Operation standard operating process / procedures to bring into focus any infringement / deviation / violation of the environmental or forest norms / conditions? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA What is the hierarchical Environment system or To implement EMP effectively, it is Management cell is Administrative order of necessary to have assign a group in presented the company to deal with organizational set up to be given additional Chapter- 10, the environmental issues charge of monitoring and ensuring Section- 10.2. and for ensuring environment protection. Company proposes compliance with the to assign officers from concerned environmental clearance department to co–ordinate the activities conditions? Details of this concerned with the management and system may be given implementation of the environmental control measures.

Does the company have Company is following the compliance of -- system of reporting of environmental norms to the Board of non-compliances / Directors of the company. violations of Company will take care to comply all the environmental norms to environmental conditions within time the Board of Directors of manner. the company and / or shareholders or

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stakeholders at large? This reporting mechanism shall be detailed in the EIA report. Details regarding -- Details infrastructure facilities infrastructure such as sanitation, fuel, facilities for labor restroom etc. to be force provided to the labour is presented in force during construction Chapter-7. as well as to the casual workers including truck drivers during operation phase Enterprise Social Enterprise Social Commitment (ESC) Commitment (ESC) Adequate funds (at least Unit is in MIDC thus public heraring is not 2.5 % of the project cost) applicable. shall be earmarked towards the Enterprise Unit will allocate 9.98 Lacs for Providing Social Commitment basic amenities to the ZP School as under: based on Solar Panles and Lights Greenbelt and Public Hearing issues and Solar lights to Goverment hospital. item-wise details along with time bound action Within 2 Years plan shall be included. Socio-economic development activities need to be elaborated upon. Any litigation pending No any litigation is pending. Unit is new -- against the project and/or any direction/order passed by any Court of Law against the project, if so, details thereof shall also be included. Has the unit received any notice under the Section 5 of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 or relevant Sections of Air and Water Acts? If so, details thereof and compliance/ATR to the notice(s) and present status of the case. A tabular chart with A tabular chart with index for point wise index for point wise compliance of above TOR.

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compliance of above TOR.

Commitment that no PP commited to not manufacture any Undertaking isa banned pesticides will be banned pesticide. All legal aspects related to attached as manufactured. pesticides will be followed Annexure Details on solvents to be The details of solvent used and its recovery Annexure is used, measures for is provided in respective manufacturing attached solvent recovery and for process emissions control Details of process Detailed process emission is mentioned in Its is provided in emissions from the Manufacturng process chapter 4 section proposed unit and its 4.1 arrangement to control Ambient air quality data All Environmental Monitoring Reports are Its provided in should include VOC, within standard limits. Chapter-3 other process- specific pollutants* like NH3*, chlorine*, HCl*, HBr*, H2S*, HF*, CS2 etc., (*- as applicable) Work zone monitoring Necessary detectors will be provided to -- arrangements for ensure TLV of toxic chemicals in work hazardous chemicals. place Detailed effluent It will be ZLD unit. 3 The details of the treatment scheme same are given in including segregation for chapter 4 section 4. units adopting 'Zero' liquid discharge. 1. PP to submit certificate of -- Certificate of incorporation of the incorporation of the company, list of directors company, and memorandum of is attached as articles. Annexure. 2. PP to submit lay out plan -- Lay out plan showing internal roads showing internal with six-meter width and road with six nine meter turning radius, meters width, provision of culdesac at turning radius of dead ends of the internal nine meters, roads if any, location of location of pollution control pollution control equipment, parking areas, equipment, 33% green belt with its parking areas, 33% dimensions, rain water green belt with its harvesting structures dimension, rain (locations with water harvesting dimensions), storm water structure along drain lines, along with with index and area

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index and area statement statement has been showing calculations for incorporated in each area and cross EIA report in sections of storm water Chapter no. 2. drain and rain water harvesting pits etc. 3. PP to submit plan layout --. Details of Rain showing contour levels, water harvesting is storm water drain lines give in Chapter and location of rain water No.:10, Topic harvesting No.:10.8 & 10.9, facilities along with Page No.:220 & calculations. 221

4. PP to include detailed -- Detailed material balance charts Manufacturing for each product showing Process are consumption of raw mentioned in material, sources of Chapter 2 and pollution and mitigation remaining are measures to control the given in Annexure. pollution and justified use of resources along with quantities in the EIA report. 5. PP to include detailed -- Detailed water water balance Balance calculation calculations along with along with ZLD design details of zero scheme is liquid discharge ETP in mentioned in the EIA Report. Chapter 4. 6. Action plan for odour Chapter 4 section 4.10 control to be submitted. 7. copy of the Memorandum Not applicable for this unit of understanding signed with cement manufacturers indicating clearly that they co-process organic solid/hazardous waste generated. Authorization/Membersh Membership for 5 years is obtained from Provided as ip for the disposal of MEPL, Ranjangaon. Annexure. liquid effluent in CETP and solid/hazardous waste in TSDF, if any

P a g e | 45 Environmental Impact Assessment Report for proposed establishment by M/s Goga Industries at Plot no: J-19, Avadhan MIDC, Dhule District of Maharashtra State; for Manufacturing of Pesticides & Synthetic Organic Chemicals

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Material Safety Data MSDS extract of all chemicals are -- Sheet for all the provided in QRA Chemicals are being used/will be used. Authorization/Membersh Membership for 5 years is obtained from Provided as ip for the disposal of MEPL, Ranjangaon. Annexure. solid/hazardous waste in TSDF. Details of incinerator if to Not required be installed. Risk assessment for It is provided in QRA report storage and handling of hazardous chemicals/solvents. Action plan for handling & safety system to be incorporated Arrangements for It is provided in QRA report ensuring health and safety of workers engaged in handling of toxic materials. Action plan for MEE salts will be desposed through utilization of MEE/dryers CHWTSDF salts. Authorization/Membersh Membership for 5 years is obtained from Provided as ip for the disposal of MEPL, Ranjangaon. Annexure. liquid effluent in CETP and solid/hazardous waste in TSDF, if any

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CHAPTER 2: PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 Type of Project Currently, company has obtained valid consent to establish to construct the building for Ayurvedic and Homeopathic type of medicine, which doesn’t attract requirement of Environmental Clearance, even for construction of the necessary setup. Meanwhile considering the current market demand and expertise of project proponent, company owner has decided to manufacture Pesticide and Synthetic organic chemicals at the same self-owned industrial premises i.e. plot no J-19, Avadhan MIDC, Dhule, Maharashtra 424006.

The proposed activity of company is green field project activity, which will be carried out at existing plant premises. Minor structural changes along with installation of necessary equipment and utilities will be done to make existing plant premises suitable for proposed manufacturing activity.

As per EIA notification,2006 and its subsequent amendments the proposed activity of pesticide and synthetic organic chemical manufacturing are falling under schedule 5(b) and 5(f) respectively; category “A”. Company has been classified it as small-Scale Industry under Red Category by Maharashtra Pollution Control Board.

2.2 Need of the Project India pesticides market stood at $ 2.6 billion in the year 2016 and is projected to exhibit a Compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.04% in value terms to reach $ 5.17 billion by 2026, on account of increasing awareness among farmers due to growing crop loss caused by rising number of pest attacks. Study on pesticide consumption say that approx. 35 – 45 % crop production is lost due to insects, weeds and diseases. Moreover, increasing adoption of bio pesticides, rising preference towards environmental friendly pesticides and better agricultural practices are further anticipated to drive growth in India pesticides market through 2026. Crystal Crop Protection, PI Industries, Bayer Crop Science, Syngenta India, Rallis India Ltd, BASF India, UPL Limited, Cheminova, Adama India and Dhanuka Agritech, etc. are the major pesticide manufacturer of Indian market.

According to the Indian Insecticides Act 1968, all pesticide products are to be registered before they are manufactured, sold, exported or imported. There are 256 registered pesticide products

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(Technical grade and Formulated) in India. Cotton and Paddy are the major crops where pesticides consumption is 50% and 18%, respectively. Rice, which is grown over 24% of the cropped area, consumes 18 per cent of the pesticides. Sugarcane uses 2% of the pesticides and other crops grown over 6 per cent of the cropped area account for 1% pesticides only (Source: agropages.com). The demand for organic chemicals in India has increased at nearly 7.8% during 2009 – 13 to reach 3.6 million tons in 2013. Domestic production has increased at ~ 2.4% per annum and imports grew at a rate of 8.7% during 2009 – 13.

Looking to above market scenario, project proponent proposes a plant to manufacture technical grade pesticides and synthetic organic chemicals at MIDC Avadhan, Dist. Dhule, and State Maharashtra.

2.3 History of the project Goga Industries is proprietor-based company, established under Udyog Adhar Memorandum. Currently, company has obtained consent to establish for manufacturing of Ayurvedic and homeopathic medicine. The existing plant is being constructed at plot no: J-19, Avadhan MIDC, Dhule, State – Maharashtra, pin code- 424006.

2.4 Size & Magnitude of the Project The details regarding size & magnitude of project, highlighting the resources, activities required for the project are provided in below table no 2.1

Table No. 2.1: Project Details Sr. Component Status No 1 Product Type Pesticide and Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Unit 2 Project Type New (Green Field Project) 3 Schedule as per EIA Notification,2006 5(b) & 5(f) 4 Category of Project ‘A’

5 Area Details (in Sq. m.) Total i. Total Plot Area 1,655.00 ii. Built-up Area 396.17 iii. Parking area 165.58 iv. Greenbelt Area 547.71

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6 Production Details (MT/A) i. Pesticide 650.00 ii. Perfumery, Flavors & Fragrance: 787.50

7 Budgetary Allocation (Cr-INR) i. Project Cost 4.99 ii. EMP Cost 1.82

8 Man power Direct Employment: 20 Nos. Indirect Employment: 10 Nos. Total Employment: 30 Nos.

9 Power Requirement i. Connected Load (KW) 150 KW ii. Source MSEDCL

10. Fuel Requirement i THF: 1.58 KLD

Boiler & Thermic Fluid Heater: LDO Boiler: 1.50 KLD

Total: 3.08 KLD ii. D.G. set: HSD 36.6 L/Hr

11 Utility Capacity i. Boilers 2 TPH X 1 No ii Thermic Fluid Heater 6 Lac Kcal/Hr X 2 No

(One on Standby mode) Iii D.G. Set (KVA) 160 kVA X 1 No.

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Water Requirement in KLD 12 Total Water Requirement 81.21 i Domestic 1.5 ii Green belt 3.50 iii Process 23.33 iv Boiler 8 v Cooling Tower 44 vi Scrubber 0.88

i Caustic Scrubber 100 CFM X 1 No ii Water Scrubber 100 CFM X 1 No

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ii. Discarded containers Will be Sold to Barrels, used for HW 33.1 2500 Nos. /A authorized recycler chemicals iii. Spent oil/ waste/ Will be Sold to process/ residues authorized recycler, 5.1/5.2 1.0 containing oil etc. reprocess or / CHWTSDF iv. ETP Sludge 35.3 91.25 CHWTSDF v. Manufacturing process 29.1 36.5 CHWTSDF waste vi. Manufacturing - Spent Will be Sold to solvent 29.4 189.6 authorized recycler, Re-processor vii. Strip solvent Will be Sold to 36 authorized recycler, Re-processor viii. Solvent Distillation 20.3 2.47 CHWTSDF Residue ix. MEE Salt 37.3 90 CHWTSDF x. Spent Carbon 28.3 14.7825 CHWTSDF

* Schedule I, The Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016.

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2.5 Location of the Project (specific & general location) The proposed project of M/s Goga Industries will be located at plot no: J-19, Avadhan MIDC, Dhule District, State Maharashtra. The project site is easily accessible from Mumbai-Agra Highway.

Table No. 2.2: Project Coordinates No. of Corners Latitude Longitude A 20°49'57.00"N 74°44'55.06"E B 20°49'56.64"N 74°44'55.80"E C 20°49'54.81"N 74°44'54.80"E D 20°49'55.03"N 74°44'53.93"E

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The project is located in Avadhan MIDC, surrounded by many industries. The industries at immediate surroundings to the project site are as described table no. 2.3.

Table No. 2.3: Industries at Immediate surroundings to the project site Direction Immediate installation East MIDC Road West MIDC Road / Barren Land North MIDC Road South Empty Plot / Barren Land

2.5.1 List of major industries within the 10 km study area The list of major industries in the study area is depicted in the below table no. 2.4

Table No. 2.4: List of major industries Sr. Industry Type of Industry Approximate No distance from project site in km 1 Indoamines Ltd Chemical Industry 0.1, NW Direction

2 Indoamines Ltd Chemical Industry 0.76, N Direction

3 Mishribhai Agrotech AgroTech chem industry 0.43, NW Direction

4 Deep Finechem Private Ltd Chemical Industry 1.0, NE Direction

5 Gayatri Pesticide Pvt. Ltd. Pesticide Industry 0.71, N Direction

6 Indira Agro Tech Pvt. Ltd. AgroTech chem industry 0.95 Km, NW Direction

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2.5.2 Land Use details of the project plot area The proposed project will be executed at Notified MIDC i.e. Avadhan MIDC. The plot no J- 19 in Avadhan MIDC is purchased by M/s Goga Industries. The said plot is spanning on total area of 1,655sq. m.

The area details for proposed activity is tabulated in below table no: 2.5

Table No. 2.5: Area break up details of the project site Particulars Area in Sq. M. Area in % Total Plot Area 1,655.00 100 Built-up Area 396.17 24 Parking area 165.58 10 Greenbelt Area 547.71 33 Road area 545.55 33

Figure 2.1: Location of Goga Industries on SOI Toposheet

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Figure 2.2: Plot Layout of M/s Goga Industries

Table No. 2.6: Description of Plot layout Sr. No. Component Area Comments (sq. m.) 1 Project plot area 1655.00 - 2 Total built up area 396.17 Including 2nd floor 3 Parking area 165.58 10% of total plot area 4 Internal roads 547.35 - 5 Green belt area 547.71 33% of total plot area 6 Hazardous waste storage area 13.89

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7 Boiler/ Thermopack 9.45 8 Acid Storage area 19.04 9 ETP & MEE 33.97 10 Admin Building and OHC 25 11 Project plot area 1655.00 Salient features of the project plot layout • Assembly point will be provided near main gate

• Air Pollution Control Devices (APCD’s) such as Boiler Stack and Scrubber will be located close to factory building

• The fire hydrant system has been designed to cover the entire plan

2.6 Proposed schedule for approval and implementation The proposed project of Goga Industries will be implemented after grant of Environmental Clearance from MoEF&CC, Delhi The total cost of the project is estimated to be Rs. 4.99 Crore. The estimated completion period of the proposed green field project is tabulated below.

Table No. 2.7: Schedule for approval and implementation Sr. No Description Time Period 1 Obtaining all statutory permission 7 Month with respect to factory inclusive of processing fees, plot development fees of MIDC etc. 2 Design and Engineering plan 3 Month

3 Factory Set up 8 Month 4 Training & Commissioning 1 Month 5 Actual Start 1 Month

2.6.1 Status of acquisition of land Company has owned plot no: plot no. J-19, from Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation in Avadhan MIDC Dhule. The letter of plot allotment from MIDC is attached as Annexure 2

2.6.2 Technology & process description Company proposed to manufacture pesticide, perfumery chemicals and Dye & Dye Intermediate products. The raw materials required for proposed activity will be procured from local market.

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The manufacturing process of some key products provided below; however, manufacturing details of remaining products are provided in Annexure-4

The list of products with total production capacity and raw materials that would be required for production is detailed below along with source and mode of transportation. The major equipment’s required for the proposed project are also tabulated below in table 2.10.

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Table No. 2.8: List of raw materials – Consumption Sr. No Name of RM Storage in Tons in TPA 1 1,2,4-Triazole 19.7 0.66 2 1,3,5-PMP 47.0 1.57 3 2‐ETHYL HEXYL AMINE 44.1 1.47 4 30% dil HCl 1383.3 10.00 5 4 NAP 75.0 2.50 6 5 NAP 74.7 2.49 7 Aniline 345.0 11.50 8 Base Catalyst 6.6 0.22 9 BCS 22.5 0.75 10 Bromine 294.0 9.80 11 Catalyst (PTSA) 0.1 0.10 12 Caustic Soda 258.0 8.60 13 Chloroform 573.6 8.00 14 Charcoal 0.5 0.02 15 Crotonaldehyde 242.5 8.08 16 Citral 34.3 1.14 17 Conc. Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) 450.0 10.00 18 Cyclocitral 9.0 0.30 19 Cyclohexane 180.0 25.00 20 Diethylthio chloro phosphate 337.5 11.25 21 DMF 75.6 1.80 22 EDC 54.9 1.83 23 Ethanol 1659.0 25.00 24 Ether 99.9 3.33 25 Ethyl Acetate 39.9 1.20 26 Glycolic Acid 70% 36.0 1.20 27 indole 69.9 2.33 28 Lithium Carbonate 8.8 0.29 29 Methane Sulphonyl Chloride 31.2 1.04 30 Methanol 1833.0 25.00 Methyl-alpha-2,4- Dichloro 31 71.0 2.37 Phenyl-beta Hydroxy Propanoate 32 Monochlorobenzene 600.0 2.50 33 NaCl 1.6 0.05 34 ODCB 265.9 8.86 35 Orthochlorophenol 225.0 7.50

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36 Palladium on carbon 1.9 0.06 37 Phthalic Anhydride 166.2 5.54 38 Potassium Hydroxide 85% 54.0 1.80 39 Phthalic Anhydride 166.2 5.54 40 Potassium Hydroxide 85% 54.0 1.80 41 Propylbromide 232.5 7.75 42 PTSA 0.7 0.02 43 Quinaldine 166.2 5.54 44 Resorcinol 120.0 4.00 45 Salicylic acid 114.0 3.80 46 soda ash 2.0 0.07 47 Sodium Metal 110.4 3.68 48 SODIUM NITRITE 63.8 2.00 49 ß-Napthol 855.0 28.50 50 Sulfuryl chloride 40.0 1.33 51 TBAB 0.5 0.10 52 Tetra Fluoro Ethylene 26.4 0.88 TOCOFEROL (Vit-E) 5%-15% 53 0.4 0.01 loading 54 Toluene 100.4 25.00

55 ʏ-Butyro Lactone 24.0 0.80

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Table No. 2.9: List of Product

Sr. Name of the Product Qty MTA CAS No. End Use no 1. DYES & INTERMEDIATES 2-Methyl Quinoldin 300 MTA 91-63-4 Solvent Yellow-33 300 MTA 80003-22-3 DYES & Solvent Black-27 250 MTA 12237-22-8 INTERMEDIATES Solvent Red-122 100 MTA 12227-55-3 Triethyl Orthoformate 500 MTA 122-51-0 Total 1450 MTA

2. PERFUMARY, FLAVORS & FRAGRANCE: Yara Yara- 500 MTA 93-04-9 Cyclocitral- 30 MTA 432-25-7 PERFUMARY, Safranal- 7.5 MTA 116-26-7 FLAVORS & FRAGRANCE Beta-Naphthyl-ethyl ether 250 MTA 93-18-5 or Nerolin Bromelia 1.Total 787.5 MTA

3. Pesticides Profenofos 500 MTA 41198-08-7 Indol-3-Butyric acid 50 MTA 133-32-4 Pesticide & Indol-3-Acetic acid 50 MTA 87-51-4 Intermediate 4-chloro resorcinol 50 MTA 95-88-5 Total 650 MTA Total (1+2+3) 2887.5 MTA Note- From above product, at a time only one category of the product will be manufacture as per the market scenario. Pesticide products will be manufacturing on seasonal basis.

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Table No. 2.10: List of major equipment’s & machineries

Item Description Capacity Number No.

A Mechanical

Stainless Steel Reactor/ Glass Lined Jacketed 5 KL, 6 KL, 3 1. 20 Flange Type Reactor Kl

2 MS Glass lined double jacketed condenser 10-15 SQM 4

3 MS Glass lined Unjacketed Column Section 6 KL 1

4 Centrifuge SS 316 with control panel and VFD 36 inch 4

5 Tray Dryer 1 trays 1

6 Multimill 3HP Non-GMP Model with VFD NA 1

7 Scrubber 2 no. 2

8 Steam boiler 2 Tone 1

9 Thermopack Boiler 6 Kal/Hr. 1

10 Chimney 1 1

11 Vacuum pump NA 1

12 Cooling tower with FRP Basin 200 TR 1

13 Chilling plant 10 TR 1

14 Condenser 10 -15 m2 16

15 Receiver 300 liter 1

16 Receiver 200 liter 1

17 150 NB Column NA 1

18 200 NB Column NA 1

19 Pipe Line NA 1

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20 Hydrogenator 500 lit 1

B Instrumentation

21 pH meter 0 -14 pH 1

22 TDS meter NA 1

23 Analytical balance 1 – 200 gm 1

24 Moisture balance NA 1

25 Balance 300 Kg 1

C Zero discharge liquid plant

26 ETP KLD 65 1

27 Evaporator KLD 55 2

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2.6.3 Details of manufacturing process The detailed manufacturing process of key products are given below, while manufacturing process and material balance of remaining products are attached as Annexure-4

Pesticide Category

1. Name of the Product – YARA YARA Batch Output- 2000 Kg Number of working days- 30 Detailed Manufacturing Process- ß-Naphthol is Charged in Methanol, in a Led line MS or Glass lined Reactor at ambient temperature. To the reaction mass at ambient is charged H2SO4. The temperature of the reaction mass is maintained below 80 0C and controlled with cooling water circulation in the jacket of the Reactor. Reaction completion is confirmed by analyzing sample on GC, If the result is within acceptable range, then separate out the Acid layer and give the base wash to the whole mass. The reaction mass is then washed with water on need basis to remove water soluble salts. The organic mass is subjected to distillation and Methanol is recovered initially, and then pure Yara Yara is distilled, further that distilled product is crystallized with Methanol. Main ML & Recovered Methanol is recycled for the successive batches. Wet cake dried <50C. Table no 1: Input and output and mass Balance of Yara Yara Input UOM Qty Output Qty Remark

Catalyst of reaction ß-Napthol Kg 2000 Aq H2SO4 1202 for free sale

Sulphuric Recovered and Acid Kg 889 Methanol (Cut-1) 194 recycled (H2SO4)

Methanol Kg 1244 Aqueous layer-1 453 To ETP for treatment

Recovered and Aq. NaOH Kg 444 Methanol (Cut-2) 109 recycled Methanol 2667 YY (Main Cut) 2000 Final Product

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Distillation Residue 486 Residue for free sale

Main ML 2659 ------

LOD 140 ------

Total Input 7244 Total Output 7244 ------

Route of Synthesis for Yara Yara : -

Table no. 2:-Pollution load of Yara Yara. Effluent in m3, rest all figures are in kg

Stag Effluent in lit Solven Carbo Hyflo Spent Gas Inorgan Organ e LCO HCO t n w Solve NamGenerateQt ic ic D D Resid nt e d y Salt Resid ue ue I ------3405 8670.0 3646.5 - M ------6810 ------17340 7293 D ------227 578 243.1 - M- Pollution load per month

D- Pollution load per day

1. No gas is produced or generated during the reaction processing. 2. The reaction is not exothermic or run away or pressure. 3. Toxic and hazardous raw material used 1. Toluene 2. Sulphuric acid.

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Table no. 3:- Solvent Balance of Yara Yara.

Qty in Kg/Day Sr. Name Qty Recover Dryi ML Fugiti Distillat To Distil Prod Spe Fres No. / of the Use ed ng to ve loss ion wast lation uct nt h Stag solvent d [Distille Rec. recyc Process e Resid dryin Solv Mak e & d] le loss Wat ue g loss ent e Up Reagen er t Methan 140. 2132. 486.2 1348. I 3911 289.7 Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil ol 0 8 0 6

Table no. 4:- Matrix showing Molecular weight, Moles, molar ratio and consumption

Note: - Solvents is in terms of volume and not based on mole ratio. Key Raw materials are considered as they are involved to build the desired molecule. The above figures of the respective raw material are representative of a batch.

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2. Name of the Product – SAFRANAL Quantity per Month -620.00 Kg

Batch Output- 25 Kg

Number of batches per Month – 24.8

Number of working days- 30.

Detailed Manufacturing Process Cyclocitral is Charged in DMF & Cyclohexane mixture of solvent in all Glass / Glass lined Reactor at ambient temperature. To the reaction mass charge p-Toluene Sulphonic Acid Catalyst (PTSA). Cool the mass and Bromine addition was done in the mass below 100C. The temperature of the reaction mass is maintained at 10 0C and controlled with cooling water circulation in the jacket of the Reactor. Reaction completion is confirmed by analyzing sample on GC, If the result is within acceptable range then go ahead or continue till it comply. Add Lithium Carbonate well below 300C temperature of the reaction mass. Increase the temp of mass to 800C and maintain for 3 hrs. The reaction mass is then cool and quench in Cyclohexane and water mixture below 400C. Organic layer washed with Aq. Sodium Carbonate followed by water. Distill out the solvent followed by the Safranal under vacuum. TOCOFEROL (Vit-E) was added in the distilled product for its analysis and dispatch. Input and output and mass Balance of SAFRANAL

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Material balance for rest of the products are attached as annexure-4.

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2.7 If expansion project, details of existing products with capacities and whether adequate land is available for expansion, reference of earlier EC if any. The proposed project of M/s Goga Industries is green field activity. Company has obtained consent to establish for the production of Ayurvedic and Homeopathic medicines activity; vide consent no: SRO-Dhule/Consent/1908000878 dated: 29th August 2019

2.8 Description of mitigations measures

The Characteristics of the effluent, SHW and process emissions have been identified with the help of mass balance and analysis. The mitigation measures are suggested in chapter 4.

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Chapter 3- Description of the Environment

3.1 Introduction The baseline environmental quality is assessed through field studies within the probable impact zone for various components of the environment viz. Air, Noise, Water, Soil, Ecology & Biodiversity and Socio-economy. The baseline environmental study has been conducted for the study region within 10 km radius. An exhaustive attempt has been made in the current chapter to disclose all possible baseline status of environmental quality in the study area, which further serves as the basis for identification, prediction and evaluation of impacts. Villages covered within study region are shown in the Map 3.1.

Figure 3.1: Study Area Map

3.2 Baseline Study Area and Period The baseline environmental study has been conducted for the study region within 10 km radius of the project site for the period December 2019 to February 2020. An exhaustive attempt has been made in the current chapter to disclose all possible baseline status of environmental quality in the vicinity of the project, which further serves as the basis for identification,

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3.3 Methodology The baseline environmental study was carried out for the various environmental components viz. Air, Water, Soil, Ecology and Biodiversity, Socio Economy and Noise. A desktop study was carried out to select the sampling locations and site visit was done by our field area experts. After the site visit, locations were finalized. During the submission of field area expert report and discussion looking to the extent of impact, 5 km radius was considered as core zone and rest 5 km radius was considered as buffer zone. All the locations have been selected within 10 km radius from the project site as per the requirement of TOR and environmental samples were collected from the selected locations of the study area. Before starting the survey activity for ecology and bio diversity, secondary data were used as reference during the desktop survey for listing the species of study zone and planning the survey. In case of socio economy, secondary data have also been used for deciding the parameters to be surveyed during socio economic data collection. As a secondary source of data, for Ecology and Biodiversity survey various publications by the government of India and literature available on internet site were used.

3.3.1 Frequency of Sampling Details of frequency of environmental sampling considered for the study are illustrated in Table 3.1.

Table No. 3.1: Frequency of Environmental Monitoring Attributes Sampling Attributes Sampling Locations Locations A. Air Environment Micro- Nr. Project Site Temperature, Hourly data for the meteorological Relative Humidity, period Decmber Data Precipitation Wind 2019 to February direction, Wind 2020 Speed Ambient Air 8 numbers of locations PM2.5, PM10, SO2, 24-hour basis, twice Quality in the study area of 10 NOx, CO, H2S, a week during study km radius. HCl, HBr, Cl2 period NH3and Total VOC

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B. Noise Ambient Noise 8 numbers of locations Noise Levels in dB Once in a study in the study area of 10 (A) period km radius. C. Water Ground Water Samples from 7 Physical, Chemical, Once in Study numbers of locations Microbiological and Period within 10 km radius Heavy Metal. from the project site. Surface Water Samples from 6 Physical, Chemical, Once in Study numbers of locations Microbiological and Period. within 10 km radius Heavy Metal. from the project site. D. Soil Quality Soil Quality Samples from 4 Physical, Chemical Once in Study numbers of locations Characteristics, Soil Period. within 10 km radius Texture. from the project site.

3.3.2 Method of Environmental Sampling and Analysis

The methods adopted for environmental sampling and analysis are illustrated in following Table 3.2.

Table No. 3.2: Method of Environmental Sampling and Analysis Attributes Methods Sampling/Preservation Analysis/data analysis A. Air Environment Micro-meteorological Data Data collected on hourly IS 8829 basis using wind monitor as per CPCB Guideline. as per IS 8829 Ambient air quality As per IS: 5182, CPCB & IS:5182, CPCB & AWMA AWMA. B. Noise Ambient Noise Instrument: Sound level Survey carried out as per meter CPCB guideline. C. Water Ground Water, Surface Standard Methods for IS 3025 & Standard Water and Marine Water Examination of Water and Methods for Examination of Wastewater, 23rd edition, Water and Wastewater, 23rd APHA 2017 edition, APHA 2017

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D. Soil Quality Soil Quality IS 2720, Soil Testing in IS 2720, Laboratory India (Department of developed Method as per Agriculture & Cooperation). NABL requirement and Book - Soil Testing in India (Department of Agriculture & Cooperation).

3.4 Micrometeorology

The study of micro meteorological data helps to understand the variations in the ambient air quality status in that region. The prevailing micrometeorological condition at project site plays a crucial role in transport and dispersion of air pollutants. The persistence of the predominant wind direction and wind speed at the project site decide the direction and extent of the air pollution impact zone. The principal variables which affect the micrometeorology are horizontal transport and dispersion, convective transport and vertical mixing and topography of the area towards local influences. Micrometeorological data were collected by using the wind monitor as per CPCB guideline which was installed near project site. All the micrometeorological data were collected on hourly basis. Wind rose of the study area are presented in Fig. no. 3.3.

3.4.1 Temperature During the study period minimum temperature was recorded 11.9oC in December 2019 and maximum temperature was recorded as 35.9oC in February 2020. Temperature data were collected on hourly basis during the study period.

3.4.2 Humidity Humidity affects the nature and characteristics of pollutants in the atmosphere as it is the measure of amount of moisture in the atmosphere. Humidity helps suspended particulate matter to coalesce and grow in size to settle under the gaseous pollutants by providing them aqueous medium. During the study period minimum Humidity was recorded 15% in December 2019 and maximum Humidity was recorded as 97% in January 2020.

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3.4.3 Wind Speed and Wind Direction Hourly wind speed data were collected for the period Decmeber 2019 to February 2020 with the help of wind monitor. The rate of dispersion, diffusion and transportation of pollutants in the atmosphere mainly depend on wind speed and its direction. Wind direction and velocity data have been collected during the study period. Dominant wind direction in the study period was from NE –SW during the study period. Wind speed was observed from 0.1 to 10.3 km/hr in the month of November 2019, from 0.1 to 15.4 km/hr in the month of December 2019 and from 0.1 to 13.3 km/hr in the Month of January 2020. Month-wise maximum and minimum wind speed data are tabulated in Table 3.3

3.4.4 Wind Rose Wind rose diagram is a graphical representation of the magnitude and direction of wind speed considering all the directions. From the knowledge of wind rose one can easily predict the direction and extent of spreading of the gaseous and particulate matter from the source. Wind rose diagram has been prepared by using hourly wind velocity and dominant wind direction data and is presented in Figure 3.3.

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Figure 3.2: Wind Rose Diagram

3.4.5 Interpretation of Micrometeorological Data Maximum wind blow was in the direction of NE-SW and wind speed range 0.1 to 15.4 km/hr during the study period. Based on the wind direction and wind speed it is interpreted that maximum dispersion of air pollutant will be in SW direction during the period of December 2019 to February 2020. Temperature and Humidity was recorded in the range 11.9ᵒC to 35.9ᵒC and 15% to 97% respectively. Micro meteorology data study was also conducted with last 10 years and no major deviation was observed. Temperature and Humidity was recorded in the range 11.9ᵒC to 35.9ᵒC and 15% to 97% respectively. Micro meteorology data study was also conducted with last 10 years and no major deviation was observed.

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3.5 Air Environment Air is the Earth’s atmosphere having the gases in which living organisms live and breathe but air is being deteriorated day by day due to the anthropogenic and natural sources. In present scenario Industrialization, Energy production and the burning of fossil fuels has polluted the air environment. Ambient air quality monitoring was carried out for the assessment of the existing status of background air quality in the study area. This will be useful for assessing the conformity of the ambient air quality to the standards even after commencement of the proposed project.

3.5.1 Selection of Sampling Locations Following points were considered during the selection of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring locations. Topography/terrain of the study area, • Regional synoptic scale climatologically norms, • Densely populated areas within the region, • Location of surrounding Industries, • Representation of regional background, • Facility for Ambient Air Monitoring, • Representation of valid cross – sectional distribution in downwind direction, • Avoidance of proximity of roads, construction activity or any other perturbing activity which may be temporary in nature, which may lead to some erroneous conclusions. • Availability of manpower, electricity, approach, sturdy structure and protection of samplers. • Dominant Wind Direction. To establish the baseline status around the project site of the study region, monitoring was conducted for 8 numbers of locations during December 2019 to February 2020. At the time of location selection previous micrometeorological data was referred and general wind pattern in the study region was considered for the selection of minimum one location in the downwind direction and one upwind direction. However, ambient air monitoring locations were selected in all the directions looking towards the possibility of change in wind pattern during the study period. Ambient Air Quality monitoring locations are presented in Table 3.3 and Map 3.3

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Figure 3.3: Map showing the Study Region location of Ambient Air

Table No. 3.3: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations in the Study Region Code Location Distance & Justification Latitude and Longitude Direction A1 Project Site 0 km At site 20°49'56.64"N, 74°44'55.30"E A2 Diwanmala 0.92 km, S Down wind 20°49'42.25"N, 74°44'26.47"E A3 Savalde 4.72 km, NE Up wind 20°50'51.99"N, 74°47'27.07"E A4 Near Dhule City 3.73 km, NNE Lateral 20°51'39.60"N, 74°46'2.47"E A5 Morshewadi 5.61 km, W Down wind 20°49'10.70"N, 74°41'46.41"E A6 Raver 4.037 km, WNW Lateral 20°51'28.98"N, 74°43'16.34"E A7 Laling 1.57 km, S Lateral 20°49'5.64"N, 74°44'44.64"E A8 Ramala 3.41 km, E Up wind 20°50'8.03"N, 74°46'52.62"E

3.5.2 Frequency and Parameters for Sampling Sampling team was appointed with one FAE and Technical Assistant to carry out Ambient Air Quality Monitoring for 8 numbers of locations within 10 km radius from the project site. Sampling and analysis was carried out as per CPCB, IS 5182 & EPA and instrument operation manual for the parameters PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NOx, CO, H2S, HCl, HBr, NH3, Cl2 and Total VOC. After the completion of sampling, samples were brought to the laboratory in Ice box and filter box for analysis. Frequency of sampling was twice a week during study period.

3.5.3 Methodology for Sampling and Analysis Samples were collected by using the PM10 and PM2.5-micron dust samplers at suitable height from obstruction free area as per the availability of the facility. Sampling and Analysis was carried out as per CPCB Guideline, instrument operational manual and National Environmental Engineering Research Institute. Detail of reference method is presented in Table 3.4.

Table No. 3.4: Details of Analysis Method National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) Time Sr. Pollutants Weighted Industrial, No. Average Residential, Ecologically Methods of Rural and Sensitive Area measurement other area Improved West and 1 SO (µg/m3) 24 hours 80 80 2 Gaeke method.

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National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) Time Sr. Pollutants Weighted Industrial, No. Average Residential, Ecologically Methods of Rural and Sensitive Area measurement other area Modified Jacob & 3 2 NO2 (µg/m ) 24 hours 80 80 Hochheiser (Sodium Arsenite). 3 3 PM10 (µg/m ) 24 hours 100 100 Gravimetric Method 3 4 PM2.5 (µg/m ) 24 hours 60 60 Gravimetric Method Non-Dispersive Infra 5 CO (mg/m3) 8 hours 2 2 Red Spectroscopy Indophenol Blue 6 Ammonia µg/m3) 24 hours 400 400 Method UV Photometric 7 Ozone (µg/m3) 8 hours 100 100 Chemical Method 8 Lead (µg/m3) 24 hours 1.0 1.0 AAS 9 Arsenic (ng/m3) Annual 6.0 6.0 AAS 10 Nickel (ng/m3) Annual 20.0 20.0 AAS 11 Benzene (µg/m3) Annual 5.0 5.0 Gas Chromatography 12 Benzopyrene (ng/m3) Annual 1.0 1.0 Gas Chromatography

3.5.4 Quality of Ambient Air Minimum, maximum, average and 98th percentile values for the parameters PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NOx, CO are tabulated in Table 3.5 to describe the quality of Ambient Air.

Table No. 3.5: AAQM Results Values Sr. Sampling Location Values in µg/m3 Stats in mg/m3 No. Code & Name PM 10 PM 2.5 SO2 NOx CO Min 56.5 28.1 13.3 20.6 0.01 Max 57.2 28.5 18.8 25.6 0.08 1 *A1 Project Site Avg. 57.1 28.4 16.63 23.29 0.04 98th Percentile 57.2 28.5 18.7 25.5 0.0786 Min 49.3 22.7 17.2 22.5 0.06 Max 50.7 25.6 18.0 23.1 0.07 2 A2 Diwanmala Avg. 49.8 24.6 17.6 22.8 0.06 98th Percentile 50.7 25.5 17.9 23.09 0.07 Min 50.9 24.1 17.4 22.4 0.06 Max 51.8 25.0 17.9 23.0 0.07 3 A3 Savalde Avg. 51.4 24.4 17.7 22.6 0.06 98th Percentile 51.78 24.98 17.89 22.99 0.07 Near Dhule Min 51.4 23.0 17.4 22.6 0.06 4 A4 City Max 52.0 24.7 17.9 23.5 0.07

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(residency Avg. 51.7 23.9 17.6 23.0 0.06 park hotel) 98th Percentile 51.99 24.67 17.89 23.48 0.07 Min 50.6 24.8 17.4 22.8 0.06 Max 50.9 26.5 18.0 23.4 0.07 5 A5 Morshewadi Avg. 50.5 25.3 17.7 23.1 0.06 98th Percentile 50.89 26.47 17.99 23.39 0.07 Min 49.6 25.2 17.3 22.6 0.06 Max 51.7 25.4 18.0 23.2 0.06 6 A6 Raver Avg. 50.8 25.4 17.7 23.1 0.06 98th Percentile 51.66 25.40 17.99 23.19 0.06 Min 49.2 24.6 17.1 22.3 0.06 Max 51.6 25.0 17.8 23.1 0.18 7 A7 Laling Avg. 50.6 24.8 17.6 22.7 0.10 98th Percentile 51.55 24.99 17.79 23.08 0.18 Min 47.9 25.3 17.4 22.1 0.06 8 A8 Ranmala Max 52.8 25.6 17.9 22.9 0.07 Avg. 51.2 25.5 17.7 22.4 0.06 98th 98th Percentile 52.70 25.59 17.89 22.88 0.07 Percentile NAAQ Standard 100 60 80 80 2.0 Note: *Monitoring & Analysis performed by Green Envirosafe Engineers & Consultant Pvt. Ltd. Rest perameter like H2S, HCl, HBr, NH3, Cl2 and Total VOC monitoring reports are attached as Annexure.

3.5.5 Summary of Ambient Air Quality PM10 The study reveals that maximum concentration was observed to be in the range of 50.7 - 57.1 µg/m3. The highest 24-hourly concentration was recorded at sampling location A1 which is an industrial area. At the same time minimum concentration was observed at location A2 which is a remote village. The average concentration of PM10 can be said to be ranged between 49.8- 57.1 µg/m3. The high concentration of particulate matter recorded at project site (A1) may be due to the vehicular movement and operation industries around site. It should be noted that the concentration of PM10 was not observed to be exceeding the standards prescribed by the CPCB on any occasion. The minimum concentration at location A2 can be said due to its remote location and minimal human activity in and around the monitoring station. Therefore, experiences minimal levels of pollution

PM2.5

The major source of PM2.5 is said to be the combustion of fossil fuels, fire wood, etc. The 3 maximum of PM2.5 (28.7 µg/m ) during the study period was recorded at location A1, whereas

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EE/EIA/F/IND/GI/001/2019-20/00 Chapter3: Baseline Description the minimum 24.7 µg/m3 concentration was recorded at A4 location which is a at outskirts of main dhule city. The minimum concentration indicates that the area experiences minimal combustion. On the other hand high concentration at location A1 indicates that the area experiences high emissions due to the combustion of fossil fuel and vehicular movement in the surroundings. It is important to note that location A1 lies in the MIDC area which experiences constant movement of vehicles which can be said to be the major cause for increase in the concentration of PM2.5. The average concentration of PM2.5 during the study period was computed to be in the range of 23.9-28.4 µg/m3.

Sulphur dioxide (SO2)

High level of SO2 in ambient air indicates the presence of combustion of fossil fuel in the vicinity. The ambient air monitoring results indicate that the highest average concentration of

Oxides of Nitrogen (NOX)

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Monitoring of Additional Parameters: The monitoring for additional parameters in ambient air namely Ozone, Lead, Ammonia, Arsenic, Ammonia, Nickel & Benzo(a)pyrene was conducted within the project premises (A1 location). According to results obtained; It can be stated that concentration of the aforesaid parameters was found to be below the detection limit. It can be concluded that the background air quality around the project area is not polluted as the parameters were well within the prescribed CPCB limits.

3.5.6 Interpretation of Ambient Air Quality Data All the results of ambient air quality parameters have been found within the limit as per NAAQS. Based on comparison study of results for tested parameters with NAAQS, it is interpreted that ambient air quality of studied locations is good. This interpretation relates to the results found for particular locations during the monitoring.

3.6 Noise Environment The objective of the baseline noise survey was to identify existing noise sources and to measure background noise levels at the sensitive receptors within the study area. Peoples‟ perception of noise varies depending on number of factors including their natural sensitivity and hearing ability, past experience of sound, cultural factors and the time of day at which sound is experienced. Continuous sound is perceived quite differently from intermittent sound at the same level. High or continuous noise levels may cause permanent loss of hearing ranging from reduced perception at certain frequencies to total deafness. At comparatively lower levels noise may have psychological effects including disturbance of sleep, annoyance and irritation.

3.6.1 Sources of Noise Pollution The sources of noise pollution in the study area are industrial noise, noise due to commercial activities, noise generated by Community, Vehicular traffic etc.

3.6.2 Noise Level in the Study Area Noise level monitoring was carried out with the help of sound level meter at 8 different locations fall under residential, industrial and high noise generating source. Noise sampling locations are presented in Figure 3.4 and Table 3.10. Analysis results are presented in Table 3.11.

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Figure 3.4: Map showing the study region location of Noise Table No. 3.6: Noise Monitoring Locations in the Study Region Code Location Category of Distance Latitude and Direction area / Zone Longitude N1 Project Site Industrial 0 km 20°49'56.64"N - 74°44'55.30"E N 2 Diwanmala Residential 0.92 km 20°49'42.25"N N 74°44'26.47"E N 3 Savalde Residential 4.72 km 20°50'51.99"N NW 74°47'27.07"E N 4 Near Dhule Commercial 3.73 km 20°51'39.60"N South City 74°46'2.47"E N 5 Morshewadi Residential 5.61 km 20°49'10.70"N W 74°41'46.41"E N 6 Raver Residential 4.037 km 20°51'28.98"N W 74°43'16.34"E N 7 Laling Residential 1.57 km 20°49'5.64"N S 74°44'44.64"E N 8 Ramala Residential 3.41 km 20°50'8.03"N E 74°46'52.62"E

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Table No. 3.7: Noise Monitoring Report During Day Time and Night time

Code L max Day time Day Limit L max Night Night Limit (dBA) (dBA) time (dBA) Code L max Day time Day Limit L max Night Night Limit (dBA) (dBA) time (dBA) N1 51.7 75 42.2 70 N2 50.3 55 42.6 45 N3 59.7 55 41.2 45 N4 48.1 65 41.1 55 N5 50.3 55 40.6 45 N6 49.9 55 42.6 45 N7 50.5 55 43.6 45 Limit dB(A) as per Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000

Note: Day time –6.00 AM to 10.00 PM, Night time – 10.00 PM to 6.00 AM Noise standards have been designated for different types of land use i.e. residential, commercial, industrial areas and silence zones, as per The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000, Notified by Ministry of Environment and Forests, New Delhi, February 14, 2000. Different standards have been stipulated for day (6 AM to 10 PM) and night (10 PM to 6 AM). The noise level study shows that the noise levels are meeting the acceptable norms.

3.6.3 Summary of Noise Data Based on noise level data obtained during the survey for residential area and industrial area, it is interpreted that noise levels are within the standard norms prescribed by MoEF & CC. Looking towards the increase in noise generating sources it is suggested that there is need to apply noise reducing devices at noise generating sources and generate public awareness.

3.7 Land Environment Remote Sensing is a process of identification and demarcation of various earths’ objects from a distance without directly coming into contact with them. Remote sensing is largely concerned with the measurement of electromagnetic radiation from the sun, which is reflected, scattered, and emitted by the objects on the surface of the earth. Different objects on the surface of the earth reflect different amounts of the electromagnetic spectrum. The potential of remote sensing in natural resources mapping basically depends on spatial, radiometric and temporal resolution of the sensor. Thus, the satellite remote sensing with its capability of repetitive

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coverage, multi-spectral imaging, synoptic view and low cost can play an important role in the delineation of various land use land cover classes. Land cover is a fundamental parameter describing the Earth’s surface. This parameter is a considerable variable that impacts on and links many parts of the human and physical environments. Remote sensing technique has ability to represent of land cover categories by means of classification process. With the availability of multispectral remotely sensed data in digital form and the developments in digital processing, remote sensing supplies a new prospective for land-cover/land-use analysis. Geographical Information Systems have already been used for assessing environmental problems, since they provide a flexible environment and a powerful tool for the manipulation and analysis of spatial information for land cover feature identification and the maps of all variables were combined to extract information to better understand analysing. Satellite remote sensing, in conjunction with geographic information systems, has been widely applied and been recognized as a powerful and effective tool in analysing land cover/use categories This study made use of remotely sensed data and GIS technologies; to evaluate qualitatively and quantitatively outcome of part of Dhule district land cover/use distribution. Obtained results were compared, visualized and analyzed, in Geographic Information System. Computer based GIS and image-processing software’s are used for the purpose of image classification and for delineating drainage and other features in the study area. Number of peripheral devices such as scanner, plotter, printer etc. has also been interfaced with the system. Objectives: ▪ Delineation of Land use/ Land cover categories on the 1:50,000 scale for 10 km radius area around Project site. ▪ Generation of digital cartographic database using secondary data sources

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Figure 3.5: Land Use Map Land use/landcover map of 10 km radius area around project site, Goga Industries Dhule Table No. 3.8: Land use Statistics (10 km) Sr. LAND USE/LAND AREA AREA (%) No. COVER (Hectare)

1 Built-Up Land Settlements, Road etc. 4460.76 14.19 2 Water Bodies River/tank 1190.88 3.79

3 Reserved Forest / Vegetation

Deciduous Forest 14447.94 45.95 4 Waste land Land with scrub 1110.74 3.53 Land without scrub 1510.32 4.80 5 Agriculture land Irrigated crop land 6587.46 20.95 Fallow Land 2135.88 6.79 Total 31443.98 100.00

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Interpretation

From the Table 1 it has been showed that total five major land use/land cover classes were identified in the area under consideration. As seen from the land cover classes that were derived Agriculture land appears to be second highest rating in the land use pattern that the areas are engaged i.e. 27.74%, however there is a moderate area of irrigated land while fallow land which can be later developed into a cultivable land 6.79 %. while forest land is 45.95%. It has been observed from the LULC that the total area presents under the settlement area which has area (Build up area land rural/urban, and road infrastructure) which covers 14.19%. It is observed that maximum settlements were seen in Dhule area of the study area which is shown in figure 3. It is also observed that almost moderate topography with stony mass (rocky stone). It is also observed that the study area is well connected by roadways There is no National Park, Wildlife Sanctuary, Biosphere Reserve, Tiger Reserve, exist within the 10 km radius of the study area. The presence of water bodies including the river, dam, canal, tributaries and ponds as seen from the subsequent figures as well as tables is about 3.79%. (Source: Land use mapping and primary survey of the area)

Geology and Hydrogeology Geologically the area is covered by Basaltic flows commonly known as Deccan Traps intruded by dykes of Upper Cretaceous-Lower Eocene age. Tapi Alluvial deposits are observed in Tapi River valley occupying parts of Sindkheda and Shirpur talukas. Deccan Traps: The Deccan trap has been divided into three major groups, i.e. upper, middle and lower. There are number of dykes crisscrossing the area. The general trend is however, north-northwest south-southeast and north-northeast south-southwest, dipping steeply to the east. The thickness seldom exceeds six meters. Geologically the study area of 10 Km radius is covered by Lava flow with megacryst and Loose, Friable silt, Kankar. The project site is located in by Lava flow with megacryst formation.

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Geomorphology and Structure The land forms / geomorphic units and structures such as fractures, fissures and faults have been interpreted from the recent satellite image. All the landform / geomorphic units and structures occurring in the study area are mapped using recent Satellite image. The Tapi River valley is observed on both sides of Tapi River in parts of Shirpur and Sindkheda talukas, whereas the region of dykes and residual hills of the Sahyadri Spurs comprises southern part of Sindkheda and entire Sakri and Dhule talukas. The geomorphology and structures of the area plays the vital role in identifying the ground water potential zones. The following geomorphic units have been interpreted. 1. Weathered Pediplain Moderate 2. Weathered Pediplain Shallow 3. Pediment 4. Inselber Complex The Weathered Pediplain moderate and shallow is good in respect of ground water occurrence and movement. High ground water potential zones are noticed along the river system. Whereas, the Pediment, Inselberg Complex are not good for ground water development. The Proposed site is located in Pediment.

Hydrogeology ▪ Drainage and Water bodies The study area forms part of West flowing river south of Tapti basin. Dhule District has following rivers alive in only monsoon season. These rivers form the part of Tapi basin. Tapi river originating from ranges of Gavilgad of Maharashtra is the major river in the District. The Entire region of the District is drained by tributaries of Tapi River, which are as below – The study area forms part of West flowing river south of Tapti basin. Dhule District has following rivers alive in only monsoon season. These rivers form the part of Tapi basin. Tapi river originating from ranges of Gavilgad of Maharashtra is the major river in the District. The Entire region of the District is drained by tributaries of Tapi River, which are as below – Arunavati, Aner, Gomati, Vaki, Bori, Panzara, Kan, Burai, Amaravati, Madari, Bhad, Nagan. Most of these rivers are Seasonal and have dried up. The drainage pattern in general is dendritic

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EE/EIA/F/IND/GI/001/2019-20/00 Chapter3: Baseline Description in and concentric in the hills. The Panjhara river is flowing from south west to north east and confluences with river Tapi at Mudavad which is locate at about 20 km in the north western side of the project site. Few irrigation water bodies are observed in and around the project site. The Rivers in 10 radius are as follows: 1. Bhad Nalla 2. Gul Nalla 3. Gunda Nalla 4. Lendi Nalla 5. Majhar Nalla 6. Panjhra River The river Panjara flows at a distance of 8.5 km in the western side of the project site. A water body is located in the south western side of the project site at distance of 4.8 km in Dongergaon village. Only Major River flows during monsoon season. It carries polluted water from Dhule town. Intensive cultivation in the banks of the river mostly cotton, pulses, dhals, grains by using borewell and open well water as source. One canal is from Panjara river check dam in the upstream side and presently no water.

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Figure 3.6: Drainage map of 10 km radius area around project site, Goga Industries Dhule

3.8 Traffic Study Traffic surveys aim to capture data that accurately reflects the real traffic situation in the area. It may be counting the number of vehicles using a road or collecting journey time information. Any development/Expansion of commercial project, directly or indirectly affect the traffic. Proposed project is adjacent to Mumbai-Agra Highway which is connected to National Highway 6 (NH6). Proposed project will attract to commercial vehicles as a result traffic load will also increase on highways. Traffic data helps in planning and design of road construction, renovation or maintenance works, and for assessing the economic feasibility of future road works. As project is small, there will be very minor impact on traffic. Traffic survey is required

3.9. Soil Quality 8 numbers of samples were collected from different locations within 10 km radius to assess the baseline status of soil. Analysis was also carried out for physico-chemical parameters as well as the parameters to define the texture class. Soil samples were collected by using Khurpi, Augar and Core cutter. Samples were brought to the laboratory in polythene bags. Standard procedures have been followed for soil sampling and analysis. Soil sampling locations are presented in Figure 3.7 and tabulated in Table 3.13. Results are presented in Table 3.14

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Figure 3.7: Map showing the study region location of Soil

Table No. 3.9: Details of Soil sampling location Code Sampling location Distance in Km Latitude and Direction Longitude S1 Near MIDC Lake 8.23 20°53'37.40"N SW 74°42'16.45"E S2 Near Dahyne Village 6.59 20°51'21.74"N W 74°39'56.69"E S3 Near Junnar Village 2.66 20°49'27.85"N W 74°43'27.22"E S4 Near Tikhi 3.26 20°48'59.49"N E 74°46'30.68"E S5 Near Dedor Gaon 4.74 20°47'41.77"N SE 74°46'16.23"E S6 Savalde Village 4.76 20°50'42.37"N NE 20°50'42.37"N S7 Near Project site 0.0 20°49'54.19"N - 74°44'52.83"E S8 Near Baba Raman nagar 4.75 20°54'1.78"N N 74°43'51.00"E

Table No. 3.10: Soil Sample Analysis Result Near Near Near Near Near Junn Near Near S. MID Near Parameter Unit Baba Dahayne Project ar Dedorg Savald No. Raman C Tikhi nagar Village site Villa aon e Lake ge

Water Holding 1. % 56.27 60.32 65.21 55.45 68.10 50.23 56.27 capacity 58.97 2. Porosity % 55.06 63.29 65.02 56.83 66.81 59.65 51.24 55.06 Particle Size Distribution

3. Sand % 38.00 17.00 18.00 29.00 21.00 23.00 32.00 29.00 4. Silt % 16.00 17.00 8.00 17.00 12.00 14.00 20.00 13.00 5 Clay % 46.00 72.00 74.00 54.00 67.00 63.00 48.00 58.00 6 Texture -- Clay Clay Clay Clay Clay Clay Clay Clay Cation meq/ 7 Exchange 27.69 57.73 58.90 63.51 87.33 58.97 52.68 65.97 Capacity 100gm 8 pH -- 7.55 7.79 7.94 7.41 7.82 7.44 7.95 7.81 Electrical 138.5 148.6 1739. 1150.2 9 Conductivity (1: 128.43 163.62 1541 798.92 µS/cm 1 3 06 4 Aq Extraction)

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Exchangeable meq/ 10 21.22 41.07 34.89 50.77 64.90 59.17 40.25 47.35 Calcium 100gm Exchangeable meq/ 11 0.12 0.36 0.38 0.25 0.40 0.18 0.18 0.27 Sodium 100gm Exchangeable meq/ 12 6.16 17.68 17.04 12.01 21.47 19.04 11.95 17.93 Magnesium 100gm Exchangeable meq/ 13 0.19 0.62 0.67 0.48 0.56 0.18 0.30 0.42 Potassium 100gm

14 Organic Carbon % 0.22 1.82 1.06 1.02 1.13 1.98 1.22 1.84 355.9 375.1 536.9 15 Nitrogen (N) 98.65 366.52 303.85 198.54 274.51 mg/kg 3 0 7 Available 125.6 147.3 16 12.52 145.90 124.87 87.43 62.34 94.23 Phosphorous (P) mg/kg 6 8 17 Total Iron (Fe) mg/kg 11.20 0.33 0.80 0.22 0.49 78.91 12.63 25.6 Manganese 18 0.87 2.56 2.72 2.65 3.25 2.66 1.84 1.90 (Mn) mg/kg 19 Boron (B) mg/kg 0.07 0.30 0.29 0.65 1.11 7.02 5.11 17.64

3.9.1 Summary of Soil Data • The soils are categorized as clay soil for all the locations. They have moderate to good water holding capacity (50.23 to 68.10 %) and porosity (51.24 to 66.81 %) but moderate drainage capacity as texture is clay. • The pH of the soil samples narrowly ranged from 7.41 to 7.94 during the study period. The soil EC also varied from 128.43 to 1739.06 µS/cm . These parameters indicate that soils are neutral to alkaline in reaction, saline • Among exchangeable basic cations predominance of calcium (21.22 to 64.90 meq/100 g soil) was seen followed by Mg (6.16 –21.47 meq/100 g soil), Na (0.12 to 0.40 meq/100 g soil) and K (0.18 to 0.67 meq/100 g soil). This shows that soils are high in nitrogen status.

3.10 Water Environment As a significant part of predefined framework of the present study water samples were collected from selected locations. The Reconnaissance survey was undertaken and monitoring locations were finalized based on: • Presence, Location and uses of major water bodies in the region • Type and Location of Industrial/residential areas, their intake and effluent disposal locations,

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• Likely areas that can represent baseline conditions. 3.12.2 Water Quality with the start of water quality study, the water resources in the study area were divided into two categories for getting ideal upshot of baseline status of water quality of the region. These two categories as determined are: • Ground water resources (tube well, open well, springs etc.) • Surface water resources including ponds, river, canals.

3.10.1 Sampling and Analysis All the water samples were collected and analyzed as per “Standard Methods for Examination of Water & Wastewater”, APHA 23rd edition, 2017. Water Samples for the analysis of physicochemical parameters were collected in plastic carboy and parameter wise preserved onsite as per the technique defined in the book of APHA, 23rd edition, 2017. Temperature, pH and DO were analyzed onsite and samples were brought to the laboratory for the analysis of remaining parameters. 3.12.4 Ground Water To assess the quality of ground water, samples were collected from 7 numbers of locations for the analysis of physico-chemical and microbiological parameters. Ground water sampling locations are presented in Figure 3.8 and Table 3.15. Analysis results are presented in Table 3.16.

Figure 3.8: Map showing the study region location of GW

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Table No. 3.11: Details of Ground water sampling location Distance & Code Sampling location Latitude and Longitude Direction in Km GW1 Baba Raman Nagar 7.91, N 20°54'9.00"N, 74°43'57.31"E GW 2 near MIDC Lake 3.15, N 20°51'39.09"N, 74°44'51.25"E GW 3 Near Dahyne Village 6.59, SW 20°51'21.02"N, 74°41'25.93"E GW 4 Near Industries 0.4, N 20°49'56.08"N, 74°44'54.94"E GW 5 Near Junner Village 2.91, W 20°49'37.66"N, 74°43'17.76"E GW 6 Near Tikhi Talav 3.26, E 20°48'58.76"N, 74°46'29.21"E GW 7 Near Dedorgaon Talav 5.76, SE 20°47'13.24"N, 74°46'30.56"E GW 8 Near Savalde Village 4.75, S 20°50'52.35"N, 74°47'28.58"E

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Table No. 3.12: Ground water Analysis Results Drinking Water Specification IS 10500: Sr. parameter Unit GW1 GW2 GW3 GW4 GW5 GW6 GW7 GW8 1992 (Reaffirmed 2012) No. Permiscible Desirable Limit Limit 1 Temperature 0C 28.5 27.6 28.0 35.0 28.5 29.2 27.2 28.6 -- -- No 2 pH @ 250C 7.7 8.0 8.0 7.6 7.8 7.8 7.5 7.8 6.5 – 8.5 Relaxation 3 Colour Hazen Clear Clear Clear Clear Clear Clear Clear Clear 5 15 4 Odour -- Agreeable Agreeable -- TDS @ 5 mg/L 322.8 474.2 326.7 468.3 317.3 347.6 343.8 420.3 500 2000 1800C 6 Conductivity µmho/cm 471.1 767.1 493.3 730.3 473.1 534.4 808.6 639.6 -- -- 7 Turbidity NTU <1.0 <1.0 2.0 1.7 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 5.0 8 TSS mg/L <5.0 <5.0 <5.0 <5.0 <5.0 <5.0 <5.0 <5.0 -- -- Total 9 Hardness as mg/L 177.1 191.7 175.5 172.6 155.7 158.1 164.9 191.1 200 600 CaCO3 10 Calcium mg/L 57.3 64.1 53.3 61.6 52.3 53.1 58.5 68.7 75 200 11 Chloride mg/L 72.1 93.7 57.3 60.8 42.7 51.8 50.1 62.7 250 1000 12 Magnesium mg/L 11.5 15.8 11.8 10.6 10.6 12.6 12.7 20.9 30 100 13 Sulphate mg/L 38.8 61.9 31.3 35.9 36.4 43.6 43.6 44.7 200 400 Total 14 Phosphorus mg/L BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL -- -- (PO4-P) 15 Sodium mg/L 46.5 65.6 46.3 61.3 46.3 52.5 57.9 54.9 -- -- 16 Potassium mg/L 31.8 43.1 18.4 42.6 29.4 34.8 44.7 36.2 -- 17 Fluoride mg/L 0.1 0.6 0.1 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 1.0 1.5 No 18 Nitrate mg/L BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 45.0 relaxation Total 19 mg/L BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL -- -- Nitrogen No 20 Iron mg/L 0.1 0.2 0.1 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.3 relaxation 21 Copper mg/L BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.05 1.5 22 Boron mg/L BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.5 1.0 No 23 Chromium mg/L BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.05 relaxation 24 Zinc mg/L BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 5.0 15.0 Total Shall not be detectable 25 No./100ml <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 coliform in any100 ml of sample

BDL value is required

3.10.1.1 Summary of Ground Water Quality The above results indicate that the pH of all the ground water samples was within the prescribed standards.

The concentration of heavy metals was below detection limit. Iron was detected in GW1, GW2 & GW3 which is below permissible limit. The hardness of all the ground water samples was found to

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It can be observed that the values for total dissolved solids in all the sampling locations were estimated to be under the acceptable standards for drinking water. The concentration of total dissolved solids ranged between 317.3 - 474.2 mg/lit. The maximum concentration was observed at location GW2 whereas the minimum concentration was observed at GW5.

It should be noted that the microbiological analysis of all the samples indicate that total coliforms was absent in all the ground water samples.

The fluoride concentrations are ranging between 0.1 - 0.6 mg/l. The presence of the fluoride in all the water samples is mostly due to geogenic in nature. The nitrates concentrations were BDL in all samples.

Thus, based on the above results it can be stated that the water from the said samples can be considered fit for consumption and potable purpose with basic primary treatment. The water can be used for domestic utilization and gardening without any treatment.

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3.10.2 Surface Water

To assess the quality of Surface water, samples were collected from 8 numbers of locations for the analysis of physico-chemical and microbiological parameters. Frequency of sampling was once during the study period. Sampling and analysis were carried out as per “Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater 23rd edition, 2017. Surface water sampling locations are presented in the Figure 3.9 showing the locations for Surface water

Figure 3.9: Map showing the locations for Surface water

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Table No. 3.13: Details of Surface Water Sampling Locations Code Sampling location Latitude and Longitude Distance and Direction SW1 Nakane Lake 20°53'14.25"N 74°43'39.64"E 6.33 Km N

SW 2 Lake add nearet village 20°51'39.09"N,74°44'51.25"E 6.70 Km N SW 3 Dahyne Village Lake 20°52'30.36"N, 74°42'4.20"E 7.51 Km NW

SW 4 Lake Junner Village 20°50'55.23"N 74°40'33.67"E 4.31 Km W SW 5 Lake Near Tikhi Village 20°50'0.42"N,74°43'24.07"E 4.16 Km, W

SW 6 Lake Dedorgaon 20°48'59.35"N 74°46'48.32"E 5.35 Km SE

SW 7 MIDC Lake 20°47'13.24"N,74°46'30.56"E 3.17Km S SW 8 Lake Near Savalde 20°50'45.80"N 74°47'31.06"E 4.65 Km E

Table No. 3.14: Surface water Analysis Results Sr. parameter Unit SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4 SW5 SW6 SW7 SW8 No. 1 Temperature 0C 24.0 25.0 24.5 25.5 25.5 26.0 27.8 25.0 2 pH @ 250C pH unit 8.0 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.3 7.3 7.5 7.4 3 Colour Hazen Clear Clear Clear Clear Clear Clear Clear Clear 4 Odour -- Agreeable Agreeable 5 TDS @ 1800C mg/L 431.0 384.3 389.7 284.7 250.0 240.0 590.0 345.2 6 Conductivity µmho/cm 655.2 591.4 593.1 595.2 381.8 356.6 905.9 518.7 7 Turbidity NTU 5.0 3.66 3.7 2.7 1.7 1.3 6.0 5.0 8 TSS mg/L 14.0 19.3 12.7 13.8 <5.0 <5.0 16.8 <5.0 Total Hardness 9 mg/L 198.3 164.2 165.4 149.4 142.2 136.6 212.0 181.6 as CaCO3 10 Calcium mg/L 66.9 58.93 62.5 56.7 48.7 45.2 76.0 70.9 11 Chloride mg/L 49.9 51.7 62.5 45.9 32.0 46.2 98.0 53.6 12 Magnesium mg/L 14.4 14.53 14.6 14.3 10.6 9.8 28.0 14.1 13 Sulphate mg/L 38.9 41.6 34.6 26.7 22.9 15.1 48.0 48.6 Total 14 Phosphorus mg/L <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 (PO4-P) 15 Sodium mg/L 44.6 63.4 60.0 43.7 39.3 34.5 69.0 40.7 16 Potassium mg/L 22.1 42.6 47.7 11.6 16.4 11.2 35.0 24.8 17 Fluoride mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 18 Nitrate mg/L 22.6 14.9 18.5 15.6 8.6 8.4 19.9 16.7 19 COD Mg/L 20.0 14.0 9.3 9.0 BDL BDL 33.0 16.6 BOD (3 days a 20 Mg/L 5.3 5.0 4.0 3.3 BDL BDL 11.7 5.0 27oC) 21 Total Nitrogen mg/L BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 22 Iron mg/L 0.43 0.35 0.35 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 23 Copper mg/L <0.04 <0.04 <0.04 <0.04 <0.04 <0.04 <0.04 <0.04

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24 Boron mg/L <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 25 Chromium mg/L <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 26 Zinc mg/L <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 27 Total coliform No./100ml 14.0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 BDL value is required

3.10.2.1 Summary of Surface Water Quality Table No. 3.15: IS: 2296–1982_Inland_Surface_Water_Stds Parameter A B C D E Unit pH 6.5-8.5 EC - - 1000 2250 mS/c Color 10 300 300 - - Hazen Odor Agreeable - - - - - TSS - - - - - mg/L TDS 500 - 1500 - 2100 mg/L Turbidity - - - - - mg/L AlkalinityasCaCO3 - - - - - mg/L Chloride as Cl 250 - 600 - 600 mg/L SulphateasSO4 400 - 400 - 1000 mg/L NitratesasNO3 20 - 50 - - mg/L HardnessasCaCO3 300 - - - - mg/L CalciumasCaCO3 200 - - - - mg/L MagnesiumasCaCO3 100 - - - - mg/L Sodium as Na - - - - - mg/L Potassium as K - - - - - mg/L Fluoride as F 1.5 1.5 1.5 - - mg/L Iron as Fe 0.3 - 50 - - mg/L DO 6 5 4 - - mg/L COD - - - - - mg/L BODat27oC 2 3 3 - - mg/L A-Drinking water without conventional treatment but after disinfection B-Outdoor bathing(organized) C-Drinking water source with conventional treatment followed by disinfection D - Propagation of wild life, fisheries E -Irrigation, industrial, cooling, controlled waste disposal

Interpretation The results presented in the earlier section are discussed and concluded in this section. The values obtained are compared with the standards prescribed for the respective designated use of the water body as categorized in the earlier part of the study. The analysis helps to concluded

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EE/EIA/F/IND/GI/001/2019-20/00 Chapter3: Baseline Description that the pH of all the samples was found to vary between: 7.3 – 8.0. It should be noted that the values obtained were within the desirable limit for pH as prescribed by CPCB. The total hardness was observed to be ranging between 136.6 to 212 mg/l. The maximum value of hardness was recorded at SW7 and the minimum value was recorded at SW6. The concentration of Total Dissolved Solids was estimated in the range of 240 mg/l to 590 mg/l. The maximum concentration of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) was observed at SW7 whereas the minimum TDS concentration was observed at SW6. The Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) & Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) values were calculated to be in the range of BDL to 33 mg/l & BDL to 11.7 mg/l respectively. The presence of heavy metals like, Copper, Boron, Chrominum, Zinc, were found out be below the detection limit for all the water samples. It should be noted that the iron content in all the samples of surface water bodies were within limit. Fluoride was detected in BDL in all samples. The nitrate concentration was observed to be in the range of 8.4 – 22.6 mg/l. Surface runoff from agricultural fields using the fertilizers can be the major source of nitrate. It should be noted that in case of the selected water bodies (SW-1 to SW-8) classified under category “B”.

3.11 Ecology and Biodiversity Peculiarity in the species composition and functioning of ecosystem carried out by anthropogenic activities. The first part to be affected directly as well as indirectly and in a short, medium- and long-term span would be the biotic component of the area. The biological assessment is trustworthy and acceptable method to understand the impact on surroundings. This leads to suggestion of remedial measures for minimizing the anticipated impacts on the ecosystem and living things. The change in biotic community is studied by the pattern in the distribution, abundance and diversity. This peculiarity of plants can be utilized to assess the impacts of ensuring project on flora and fauna of the region, which are important components of biological environment. In this regard, the baseline condition of the study area needs to be studied. As the environment change, species best adapted to that environment becomes predominant. Diversity influences by the nature of the ecosystem. Flora is basically the plant and fauna the animal life that are present in a region or habitat or at a particular time. Flora and fauna form a major part of biodiversity. The main objectives of the Ecology and Biodiversity studies are presented as below:

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• To assess the vegetation types, identify the flora and fauna, rare and endangered species (if any) and evaluate the impact of the Proposed Project activities on these biodiversity • To prepare list of flora and fauna of the study area along with classification for fauna as per Schedule given in the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. • To prepare a comprehensive conservation plan for the endangered / endemic / economically important biotic species found in the study area.

Forest and forest type of study area:

Project site and surrounding area of site comes under dry deciduous and southern thorn forest types (Champion and Seth 1968). Mixed forest consisting of various varieties of species the occurrence of which is considerably influenced by biotic interferences and management. Major tree species occurring in the forest can be listed as Teak, Anjan, Arjun, Bel, Babul, Khair, Palas, Parijatak etc. Growth of plants quite stunted because of poor soil quality but growth of grasses is abundant in all areas. Major land is covered with scrub forest which is uneconomic and thorny species. Biological environment of the area was studied during the study period. No endangered species have been sighted in the area. No Wildlife Sanctuary, National Park, Biosphere Reserves, Wildlife Corridors exists within study area of 10 km radius. Flora: Proposed project site: The dominant species in this area are khair, babhul, bor, dhavda, palas, tembhurni, hiver, Acacia catechu, Anogeissus latifolia, Boswellia serrata, Hardwickia binata, Zizipus jujuba etc. etc. Buffer zone (10 km from project boundary) The structure and composition of vegetation in the buffer zone was studied by visual observations during the site visit. The study area is dominated by agricultural fields. Most of the area is covered by active cropping accompanying patches of barren land and grassland in between. The project is in the area which is considered to be dry deciduous zone with geographically having no distinct variation. However, Tapti river and small water bodies comes in 10 km radius and its presence surrounding region is rich in the bird diversity apart from the floral and faunal diversity as compared to other part of the area.

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The study area has dry and arid type of climate. Most of the area is covered by the agricultural fields with natural vegetations in between. No reserved forest, National Park or any other ecologically sensitive zone like Wildlife Sanctuary is recorded. About the tree vegetation is concerned Azadirachta indica, Acacia nilotica and Prosopis Juliflora occur in abundance. Other dominant tree species exhibited by the region are Acacia leucophlea, Albizia lebbeak, Boswellia serrata, Mangifera indica, Senna siamea, Cassia fistula, Tamarindus indicus, Ficus bengalensis, Ficus racemosa, Hardwikia binnata, Bauhinia racemosa, Aegle marmelos, Anogeisus latifolia, Annona squamosa, Bombax ceiba, Bougainvillea glabra, Butea monosperma, Dalbergia sissoo, Delonix regia, Ficus racemosa, Ficus religiosa, Mangifera indica, Peltophorum pterocarpum, and many others. Some of the plants introduced by human beings, agencies either as ornamentals, fruits, vegetable sources or merely as the curiosities. Barren and grassy land show the occurrence of Justicia adathoda, Calotropis procera, Agave americana, Euphorbia tirucali, Nerium pulchellum, Argemone mexicana, Lantana camara, Gymnosporia montana, Ricinus communis, etc. grasses are found in abundance, particularly during rainy season.

The list of plant species presented below,

Sr.no. Scientific name Common Name Family Climbers 1. Combretum indicum (L.) DeFilipps Madhumalati Combretaceae 2. Ipomoea carnea Jacq. Besharam Convolvulaceae 3. Cucumis prophetarum L. Wild kakadi Cucurbitaceae 4. Cucumis sativus L. Wild kakadi Cucurbitaceae 5. Mukia maderaspatana (L.) M.Roem. Bilavi Cucurbitaceae 6. Trichosanthes dioica Roxb. Padval Cucurbitaceae 7. Abrus precatorius L. Gunj Fabaceae 8. Acacia concinna (Willd.) DC. Shikakai Fabaceae 9. Caesalpinia sepiaria Chilar Fabaceae 10. Cocculus hirsutus (L.) W.Theob. Vasanvel Menispermaceae 11. Tinospora sinensis (Lour.) Merr. Gulvel Rubiaceae Herbs 12. Celosia argentea L. Kurdu Acanthacea 13. Barleria cristata L. Koranti Acanthaceae 14. Dicliptera paniculata (Forssk.) Acanthaceae I.Darbysh.

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15. Justicia procumbens L. Karambal Acanthaceae 16. Amaranthus spinosus L. Katemath Amaranthacea 17. Achyranthes aspera L. Chirchita Amaranthaceae 18. Aerva lanata (L.) Juss. Kapurmadhuri Amaranthaceae 19. Hemidesmus indicus (L.) R. Br. ex Schult. Karala Apocynaceae 20. Agave americana L. Agave Asperagaceae 21. Ageratum conyzoides (L.) L. Ghanera osadi Asteraceae 22. Blumea lacera (Burm.f.) DC. Bamurda Asteraceae 23. Emilia sonchifolia (L.) DC. ex DC. Sadamandee Asteraceae 24. Spilanthes acmella (L.) L. Akkalkara Asteraceae 25. Synedrella nodiflora (L.) Gaertn. Pig grass Asteraceae 26. Tridax procumbance Dagadful Asteraceae 27. Parthenium hysterophorus L. Gajar grass Asteraeae 28. Tribulus terrestris L. Gokharu Boraginaceae 29. Brassica rapa L. Mohari Brassicaceae 30. Cleome viscosa L. Tilvan Capparaceae 31. Cyperus alternifolius L. Cyperaceae 32. Croton bonplandianus Baill. Ban Tulasi Euphorbiaceae 33. Euphorbia hirta L. Dudhi Euphorbiaceae 34. Euphorbia tirucalli L. Euphorbiaceae 35. Phyllanthus niruri L. Bhui Awala Euphorbiaceae 36. Senna tora (L.) Roxb. Vala Fabacea 37. Senna auriculata (L.) Roxb. Tarvad Fabaceae 38. Crotolaria filiceps Khulkhula Fabaceae 39. Desmodium triflorum (L.) DC. Chipti Fabaceae 40. Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms Jalparni Hycianthaceae 41. Ocimum gratissimum L. Van tulasi Lamiaceae 42. Sida acuta Burm.f. Chikna Malvaceae 43. Urena lobata L. Van bhendi Malvaceae 44. Mimosa pudica L. Lajalu Momosaceae 45. Boerhavia diffusa L. punarnava Nyctaginaceae 46. Ludwigia prostrata Roxb. Primerose Onagraceae 47. Oxalis stricta L. Oxalis Oxalidaceae 48. Argemone mexicana L. Mexican poppy Papaveraceae 49. Arundinella pumila (Hochst.) Steud. Grass Poaceae 50. Chloris barbata Sw. Gondvel tan Poaceae 51. Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. Harali Poaceae 52. Dendrocalamus strictus (Roxb.) Nees Bamboo Poaceae 53. Dichanthium annulatum (Forssk.) Stapf Grass Poaceae 54. Dimeria Sp. Poaceae 55. Echinochloa colona (L.) Link Poaceae

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56. Heteropogon contortus (L.) P.Beauv. ex Grass Poaceae Roem. & Schult. 57. Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch. Grass Poaceae 58. Cenchrus ciliaris L. Buffle grass Poaceae 59. Melinis repens (Willd.) Zizka Grass Poaceae 60. Saccharum spontaneum L. Wild sugarcane Poaceae 61. Zea mays L. Makka Poaceae 62. Persicaria glabra (Willd.) M.Gómez Sheral Polygonaceae 63. Portulaca oleracea L. Parslane Portulacaceae 64. Solanum americanum Mill. Wild bringle Solanaceae 65. Solanum xanthocarpum Mill. Wild bringle Solanaceae 66. Solanum virginianum L. Wild bringle Solanaceae 67. Triumfetta rhomboidea Jacq. Nichardi Tiliaceae 68. Typha angustifolia L. Paankanis Typhaceae 69. Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f. Korphad Xanthorrhoeaceae Shrubs 70. Nerium oleander L. Kanher Apocynaceae 71. Calotropis gigantea (L.) Dryand. Rui Asclepiadaceae 72. Calotropis procera (Aiton) Dryand. Mandera Asclepiadaceae 73. Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King & Eupatorium Asteraceae H.Rob. 74. Xanthium strumarium L. Ghagara Asteraceae 75. Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. ex Kunth Ghantiful Bignoniaceae 76. Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw. Shankhasur Caesalpinaceae 77. Gymnosporia spinosa (Forsk) Flori. Henkal Celastraceae 78. Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. ex Euphorbiaceae Klotzsch 79. Ricinus communis L. Arandi Euphorbiaceae 80. Calliandra haematocephala Hassk. Red powder puff Fabaceae 81. Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit. Darp Tulas Lamiaceae 82. Lawsonia inermis L. Mehandi Lythraceae 83. Abutilon indicum (L.) Sweet Petari Malvaceae 84. Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. Jaswand Malvaceae 85. Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. Boganvel Nyctaginaceae 86. Duranta erecta L. Golden duranta Verbenaceae 87. Lantana camara L. Tantani Verbenaceae 88. Vitex negundo L. Nirgudi Verbenaceae Tree 89. Justicia adhatoda L. Adulasa Acanthaceae 90. Mangifera indica L. Amba Anacardiaceae 91. Annona reticulata L. Ramfal Annonaceae 92. Annona squamosa L. Sitafal Annonaceae

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93. Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.) Thwaites Ashok Annonaceae 94. Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br. Saptparni Apocynaceae 95. Plumeria alba L. Chafa Apocynaceae 96. Cocos nucifera L. Naral Arecaceae 97. Spathodea campanulata P.Beauv. Pichakari Bignoniaceae 98. Millingtonia hortensis L.f Bhuchache zad Bigoniaceae 99. Bombax ceiba L. Katesawar Bombacaceae 100. Cordia dichotoma G.Forst. shelu Boraginaceae 101. Boswellia serrata Roxb. Salai Burseraceae 102. Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC.) Tambat sheng Caesalpinaceae K.Heyne 103. Carica papaya L. Papaya Caricaceae 104. Gymnosporia montana (Roth) Benth. Mountain spike Celastraceae 105. Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. ex DC.) Wight Arjun Combretaceae & Arn. 106. Terminalia catappa L. Badam Combretaceae 107. Phyllanthus emblica L. Awala Euphorbiaceae 108. Cassia fistula L. Bahava Fabaceae 109. Delonix regia (Hook.) Raf. Gulmohar Fabaceae 110. Acacia auriculiformis Benth. Australian babul Fabaceae 111. Acacia catechu (L.f.) Willd. Khair Fabaceae 112. Acacia leucophloea (Roxb.) Willd. Pandhara khair Fabaceae 113. Acacia nilotica (L.) Delile Babul Fabaceae 114. Bauhinia purpurea L. Kanchan Fabaceae 115. Bauhinia racemosa Lam. Apta Fabaceae 116. Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub. Palas Fabaceae 117. Senna siamea (Lam.) H.S.Irwin & Kashid Fabaceae Barneby 118. Dalbergia latifolia Roxb. Sisam Fabaceae 119. Dalbergia sissoo DC. Sisoo Fabaceae 120. Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Walp. Undirmari Fabaceae 121. Hardwickia binata Roxb. Ajan Fabaceae 122. Leucaena latisiliqua (L.) Gillis & Stearn Subabul Fabaceae 123. Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. Vilayati chinch Fabaceae 124. Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre Karanj Fabaceae 125. Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. Shami Fabaceae 126. Tamarindus indica L. Chinch Fabaceae 127. Lagerstroemia speciosa (L.) Pers. Taman Lythraceae 128. Punica granatum L. Dalimb Lythraceae 129. Thespesia populnea (L.) Sol. ex Corrêa Bhend Malvaceae 130. Azadirachta indica A.Juss. Neem Meliaceae 131. Melia azedarach L. Bakan neem Meliaceae

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132. Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth. Shirish Mimosaceae 133. Albizia procera (Roxb.) Benth. Safed Shirish Mimosaceae 134. Albizia saman (Jacq.) Merr. Rain tree Mimosaceae 135. Ficus amplissima Sm. Pimpran Moraceae 136. Ficus benghalensis L. wad Moraceae 137. Ficus racemose L. Umber Moraceae 138. Ficus religiose L. Pimpal Moraceae 139. Muntingia calabura L. Singapore cherry Muntinginaceae 140. Eucalyptus tereticornis Sm. Nilgiri Myrtaceae 141. Psidium guajava L. Peru Myrtaceae 142. Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels Jambhul Myrtaceae 143. Nyctanthes arbor-tristis L. Parijatak Oleaceae 144. Ziziphus jujuba Mill. Ber Rhamnaceae 145. Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser Kadamb Rubiaceae 146. Morinda citrifolia L. Bartondi Rubiaceae 147. Aegle marmelos (L.) Corrêa Bel Rutaceae 148. Citrus limon (L.) Osbeck Lemon Rutaceae 149. Santalum album L. Chandan Santalaceae 150. Manilkara zapota (L.) P.Royen Chiku Sapotaceae 151. Ailanthus excelsa Roxb. Maharukh Simaroubaceae 152. Grewia tiliifolia Vahl Dhaman Tiliaceae 153. Tectona grandis L.f. Teak Verbenaceae

Ageratum conyzhoides Amaranthus spinosus

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Argemone Mexicana Crotolaria filiceps

Chromolena odorata Cleome rutidosperma

Cleome viscosa Coccinia grandis

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Echinochloa colona Euphorbia heterophylla

Fauna:

Faunal diversity studied during field visit and categorised as per the respective groups and occurrence as well. Photographic evidences of same provided as per the requirement of project. Tapti river is closer to proposed project site (Within 10 Km radius) and good diversity of birds species has been observed. Detailed faunal investigation with checklist and photographs enlisted below,

Odonates:

Dragonflies and damselflies play key roles in both terrestrial and aquatic habitats. They are predators as both nymphs and adults, feeding on a variety of prey including nuisance species such as mosquitoes and biting flies. They can be indicators of different biotypes and habitats and have been used as tools to assess the biological health of aquatic habitats and to detect levels of heavy metals such as mercury. They are also considered model organisms to assess the effects of global climate change.

Sr no Scientific name Common name Family 1. Branchythemis contaminata Ditch Jewel Libellulidae 2. Diplacodes trivialis Ground Skimmer Libellulidae 3. Tramea basilaris Red Marsh Trotter Libellulidae 4. Trithemis aurora Crimson Marsh Glider Libellulidae 5. Anax guttatus Blue Tailed Green Darner Asehnidae 6. Ictinogomphus rapax Common clubtail Gomphidae 7. Ischura aurora Golden dartlet Coenagrionidae 8. Ischura senegalensis Senegal golden dartlet Coenagrionidae

Insects:

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Beetles:

Beetles are important biological control agents of aphids and scale insects and useful as decomposers and recyclers of organic nutrients also. Seven species of beetles found during faunal survey from 3 families of which Coccinellinae is more dominant family.

Sr no Scientific name Family 1. Altica sp. Chrysomelidae 2. Leaf beetle Chrysomelidae 3. Harmonia octomaculata Coccinellinae 4. Coccinella transversalis Coccinellinae 5. Hycleus polymorphus Meloidae 6. Psyllobora sp. Coccinellinae 7. Illeis sp. Coccinellinae

Bugs:

Insects are crucial components of many ecosystems, where they perform many important functions. They aerate the soil, pollinate blossoms, and control insect and plant pests. As decomposers, insects help create topsoil, the nutrient-rich layer of soil that helps plants grow. Without insects to help break down and dispose of wastes, dead animals and plants would accumulate in our environment and it would be messy indeed. Insects are underappreciated for their role in the food web. They are the sole food source for many amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Seven bugs were recorded during survey. Chrysocoris sp. also known as Jewel bug was most common insect found during survey especially on weed Croton sp., which is host plant for this bug.

Sr no Scientific name Family 1. Leptocorisa sp. Alydidae 2. Homoeocerus sp. Coreidae 3. Nezara viridula Pentatomidae 4. Riptortus sp Alydidae 5. Cofana sp. Cicadellidae 6. Scutellera sp. Scutelleridae 7. Chrysocoris sp. Scutelleridae

Butterflies:

Ecosystem value. Butterflies and moths are indicators of a healthy environment and healthy ecosystems. They indicate a wide range of other invertebrates, which comprise over two-thirds of all species. These collectively provide a wide range of environmental benefits, including pollination and natural pest control. 23 species of butterflies found during the survey.

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Sr no Scientific name Common name Family 1. Borbo cinnara Rice swift Hesperiidae 2. Castalius rosimon Common pierrot Lycaenidae 3. Pseudo zizeeria Grass blue Lycaenidae 4. Lampides boeticus Pea blue Lycaenidae 5. Melanitis leda Evening brown Nymphalidae 6. Acraea violae Tawny coster Nymphalidae 7. Phalanta phalantha Common leopard Nymphalidae 8. Neptis hylas Common sailor Nymphalidae 9. Danaus chrysippus Plain tiger Nymphalidae 10. Euploea core Common crow Nymphalidae 11. Parantica aglea Glassy tiger Nymphalidae 12. Junonia lemonias Lemon pansy Nymphalidae 13. Junonia orithya Blue pansy Nymphalidae 14. Precis iphita Chocolate pansy Nymphalidae 15. Hypolimnas misippus Donaid eggfly Nymphalidae 16. Pachliopta aristolochiae Common rose Papilionidae 17. Pachliopta hector Crimson rose Papilionidae 18. Graphium Agamemnon Tailed jay Papilionidae 19. Papilio demoleus Lime butterfly Papilionidae 20. Catopsilia Pomona Common Emigrant Pieridae 21. Eurema hecabe Common grass yellow Pieridae 22. Cepora nerissa Common gull Pieridae 23. Ixias marianne Orange tip Pieridae

Pea Blue Striped Perriot

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Blue Plain tiger

Plain cupid Towny coster

Blue Ground Skimmer Chrysocoris sp.

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Ditch Jewel Common Clubtail

Marsh Trotter Senegal Golden Dartlet

Avifauna:

As with other native organisms, birds help maintain sustainable population levels of their prey and predator species and, after death, provide food for scavengers and decomposers. Many birds are important in plant reproduction through their services as pollinators or seed dispersers. The bird species were mostly observed around Tapti river, agriculture fields and human habitation.

Sr no Scientific name Common name Family 1. Elanus caeruleus Black-winged Kite Accipitridae 2. Falco tinnunculus Common Kestral Falconidae 3. Accipiter badius Shikra Accipitridae 4. Milvus migrans Black Kite Accipitridae 5. Acrocephalus dumetorum Blyth's Reed Warbler Acrocephalidae 6. Acrocephalus stentoreus Clamorous Reed Warbler Acrocephalidae 7. Aegithina tiphia Common Iora Aegithinidae 8. Alcedo atthis Common Kingfisher Alcedinidae 9. Halcyon smyrnensis White-throated Kingfisher Alcedinidae 10. Ceryle rudis Pied Kingfisher Alcedinidae

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11. Tadorna ferruginea Ruddy Shelduck Anatidae 12. Anas poecilorhyncha Indian Spot-billed Duck Anatidae 13. Apus affinis Little Swift Apodidae 14. Cypsiurus balasiensis Asian Palm-Swift Apodidae 15. Ardea cinerea Gray Heron Ardeidae 16. Ardea intermedia Intermediate Egret Ardeidae 17. Egretta garzetta Little Egret Ardeidae 18. Bubulcus ibis Cattle Egret Ardeidae 19. Ardeola grayii Indian Pond-Heron Ardeidae 20. Ocyceros birostris Indian Gray Hornbill Bucerotidae 21. Vanellus malabaricus Yellow-wattled Lapwing Charadriidae 22. Vanellus indicus Red-wattled Lapwing Charadriidae 23. Anastomus oscitans Asian Openbill Ciconiidae 24. Orthotomus sutorius Common Tailorbird Cisticolidae 25. Prinia socialis Ashy Prinia Cisticolidae 26. Prinia inornata Plain Prinia Cisticolidae 27. Columba livia Rock Pigeon Columbidae 28. Streptopelia senegalensis Laughing Dove Columbidae 29. Coracias benghalensis Indian Roller Coraciidae 30. Corvus splendens House Crow Corvidae 31. Centropus sinensis Greater Coucal Cuculidae 32. Eudynamys scolopaceus Asian Koel Cuculidae 33. Cuculus canorus Common Cuckoo Cuculidae 34. Dicrurus macrocercus Black Drongo Dicruridae 35. Euodice malabarica Indian Silverbill Estrildidae 36. Lonchura punctulata Scaly-breasted Munia Estrildidae 37. Ptyonoprogne concolor Dusky Crag-Martin Hirundinidae 38. Hirundo rustica Barn Swallow Hirundinidae 39. Hirundo smithii Wire-tailed Swallow Hirundinidae 40. Cecropis daurica Red-rumped Swallow Hirundinidae 41. Tephrodornis pondicerianus Common shrike Laniidae 42. Lanius vittatus Bay-backed Shrike Laniidae 43. Lanius schach Long-tailed Shrike Laniidae 44. Turdoides caudata Common Babbler Leiothrichidae 45. Turdoides striata Jungle Babbler Leiothrichidae 46. Psilopogon haemacephalus Coppersmith Barbet Megalaimidae 47. Merops orientalis Green Bee-eater Meropidae 48. Motacilla cinerea Gray Wagtail Motacillidae 49. Motacilla flava Western Yellow Wagtail Motacillidae 50. Motacilla maderaspatensis White-browed Wagtail Motacillidae 51. Motacilla alba White Wagtail Motacillidae 52. Copsychus fulicatus Indian Robin Muscicapidae 53. Copsychus saularis Oriental Magpie-Robin Muscicapidae 54. Phoenicurus ochruros Black Redstart Muscicapidae 55. Monticola solitarius Blue Rock-Thrush Muscicapidae 56. Saxicola maurus Siberian Stonechat Muscicapidae 57. Saxicola caprata Pied Bushchat Muscicapidae 58. Leptocoma zeylonica Purple-rumped Sunbird Nectariniidae

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59. Cinnyris asiaticus Purple Sunbird Nectariniidae 60. Pericrocotus cinnamomeus Small Minivet Oriolidae 61. Oriolus kundoo Indian Golden Oriole Oriolidae 62. Passer domesticus House Sparrow Passeridae 63. Microcarbo niger Little Cormorant Phalacrocoracidae 64. Coturnix coturnix Common Quail Phasianidae 65. Ploceus philippinus Baya Weaver Ploceidae 66. Psittacula eupatria Alexandrine Parakeet Psittaculidae 67. Psittacula krameri Rose-ringed Parakeet Psittaculidae 68. Pycnonotus cafer Red-vented Bulbul Pycnonotidae 69. Pycnonotus jocosus Red-whiskered Bulbul Pycnonotidae 70. Amaurornis phoenicurus White-breasted Waterhen Rallidae 71. Himantopus himantopus Black-winged Stilt Recurvirostridae 72. Rhipidura aureola White-browed Fantail Rhipiduridae 73. Actitis hypoleucos Common Sandpiper Scolopacidae 74. Athene brama Spotted Owlet Strigidae 75. Sturnia pagodarum Brahminy Starling Sturnidae 76. Acridotheres tristis Common Myna Sturnidae 77. Threskiornis melanocephalus Black-headed Ibis Threskiornithidae 78. Upupa epops Common Hoopoe Upupidae

Spotted Owlet Ashy Prinia

Warbler Bayback Shrike

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Large Billed Crow Asian Koel

Black redstart Common Kestrel

Mammals:

Faunal assessment provides a basis for determining relative abundance and rarity of each species which is important for assessing the diversity of fauna of an area. Since animals are capable of movements from one place to another, this makes their study entirely different. Different animals prefer different types of habitat for food and shelter. There was no major physical sighting of large mammals during biodiversity study other than domestic mammals’ viz., cow, buffalo, cat, stray dogs, goat etc. During the field studies some tracks and signs Indian Hare (Lepus nigricollis) and domesticated animals were observed in the study area.

Sr no Common name Scientific name Family 1. Palm Squirrel Funambulus pennanti Sciuridae 2. Indian Hare Lepus nigricollis Leporidae 3. Common Mouse Rattus rattus Muridae 4. Feral dogs Canis lupus familiaris Canidae 5. Buffalos Bubalus bubalis Bovidae 6. Cows Bos taurus Bovidae 7. Cats Felis catus Felidae 8. Goat Capra aegagrus hircus Bovidae

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Summary:

Based on field survey, total 153 plants species have been recorded, out of which 65 Tree species, 18 Shrubs species and 58 Herbs and 11 Climber species are identified in entire study area. Total 8 species of odonates, 7 species of bugs and 7 species of beetles have been reported during entire field visit from different habitats on project site. 23 species of butterflies found during the field survey which shows greater diversity of butterflies. 78 bird species were recorded in the study area, most of them around the water bodies and grassland. Mammals observed during field survey were eight species which are mostly common, no threatened taxa have been reported from proposed project site.

3.12 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT Socioeconomics (also known as socio-economics or social economics) is the social science that studies how economic activity affects social processes. In general, it analyses how societies progress, stagnate, or regress because of their local or regional economy, or the global economy. In order to assess and evaluate the likely impacts arising out of any new or existing projects in socio-economic environment, it is necessary to gauge the apprehension of the people in the surrounding areas. Socio-economic survey serves as an effective tool for fulfilling this requirement. The rapid industrialization of the study region has greatly influenced the socio economic and health environment in the villages. Increasing industrialization and population density has increased pressure on resources, civic amenities and public infrastructure. Economic conditions of the local people have improved with the increasing industrialization and greater employment opportunities. The socio-economic environment includes demography structure, population density, literacy level, and employment levels. The data establish a baseline for the prediction of likely impacts of the proposed activity on the socio-economic environment. Secondary information pertaining to the study area villages was collected from Government Agencies, Census data for the year 2011, and statistical abstracts to compile the socio-economic data.

3.12.1 Socio-Economic Survey Methodology Socio-economic survey tools provide a means of improving understanding of local resource management systems, resource use and the relative importance of resources for households and villages. They can also be used to elicit insights on interaction with government decision-

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Data Collection: Following steps were considered for the collection of primary data:

1. Identification of Study Area: The study area was identified before carrying out the survey. All the related information which could affect the prosperity, development & literacy were also collected. 2. Site Visit: Location wise survey plan & format for data collection were prepared for site visit. Data regarding Land Characteristics, Population, Literacy, Workers and Amenities were collected during the survey. 3. Analysis of Data: The data collected by primary survey were verified with secondary data collected from sources like Government Agencies, Census data for the year 2011, and statistical abstracts.

3.12.2 Demographic Highlights of the Study Area The villages are situated on three sides of the MIDC area. For the ease of the understanding, the study area is divided into various zones. These zones are decided on the basis of radial distances from the project site.

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Figure 3.10: Village map of 10 km radius

Out the various villages in the zone of 3-5 kms, namelyTikhi, Junnar, Ranmala, Morshewadi etc. are showing a growth trends in recent years. There is large scale immigration from other states due to the job opportunities in the industries. The brief profile of each village enumerating statistical data, infrastructure facilities and problems faced by people is presented here. The summary of the sex ratio of the population from the study area is presented in Figure. 3.26. It can be stated that the area has satisfactory sex ratio with an average of 861 females per thousand males. It can be said that there is a potential to increase the ratio further. It should be noted that as a result of industrialization the population in the area has experienced a boom in the last decade growing by 56% as compared the population of the area as per Government of India Census, 2011.

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Figure 3.11: Sex Ratio in 10 km radius area

3.12.3 Social Characteristics India being one of the few countries having diversified religions co-existing at a given time and place in a health environment. In some instances, the country has experienced communal riots. Thus in the light of this understanding the structure of the society and its people is very important. This helps to prepare in advance in avoiding riots and any communal anomalies which may arise. The study involves get information about the population practicing various religions on primary basis and then concentrates on understanding the caste-system in the study area if any. The survey conducted and data collated form the Census of India (2011) indicate that the study area comprises predominantly Hindu community. A majority of people are belonging to the General category. Other major sub-categories being Scheduled tribe, and OBC.

3.12.4 Educational Status According to Census of India 2011, it was estimated that average literacy rate in the study area is 77.25 Out of total Literate population male literacy is 84.90% and female literacy is 69.47%. The statistics regarding the literacy rate in the study area are given in Table 3.20 The statistics regarding the literacy rate in the study area are given in below table-

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Table No. 3.16: Literacy Rate in the study area

The literacy rate in an area is largely dependent upon the educational facilities provided by the Government and or related organizations in the study area. In the study area it was observed that each village has school up to secondary level. For further education students have to travel to nearby cities up to 5 kms. The basic infrastructure in school can be said to be satisfactory having access to electricity supply.

3.12.5 Occupation According to Census Data (2011), there are total 41.60 % working population. Out of the total working population there are 3.37 % cultivators, 5.29% Agricultural labor, 2.45% household workers, others 70.97% and 17.93% marginal workers in the study area. Being an industrial area most of the people as contractual labor in MIDC.

Since the villages are located near the industrial belt, majority of people fall into working class. One of the other reasons for turning to work on wages can be said to be scarcity of water for agriculture and cattle raring.

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Figure 3-27

Occupation in study area

Figure 3.12: Operations in radius area Table No. 3.17: Major occupation in study area

3.12.6 Health status The survey of study area reveals that there is presence of at least one Primary Health Centre and/or Sub Center in the surveyed villages. The medical facilities available in the study area are summarized in Figure. 3.28. The above description indicates that there is a need to strengthen the services of Primary Health Care Centres in the study area.

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Status of Health Facilities in Study Area

Figure 3.13: Status of Health Facility in Study Area

3.12.7. Survey Observations Although no specific adverse socio-economic impact due to Goga Industries was noticed or reported by the people; the Company has the opportunity to increase its positive impact on the life of the people who live close to the company premises.

3.12.8. Opinion & awareness regarding project It is worth highlighting that the primary data does not indicate any adverse socio economic impact due to Goga Industries. Goga Industries believes that sustainable development has to be a participatory process, with the local population being the biggest stakeholder. Goga Industries will be plays a proactive role in minimizing pollution at each of its site locations. Goga Industries EHS policy comprises of- • Comply with application environmental laws and regulations. • Follow strict operational parameters and keep plant machinery in good condition to reduce pollution at source. Ensure safe handling and disposal of hazardous and non-hazardous waste.

3.12.9. Quality of life

It was observed that the Quality of Life of the people in the surrounding villages has increased due to the MIDC. Due to increase in skilled and semi-skilled jobs, petty contracts through the companies the people have more cash in hand; the purchasing power has increased leading to better lifestyle and consumption of luxurious goods. Almost all the people have mobile phone. The food habits have changed to more urban taste.

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Chapter 4 – Anticipated Environmental Impact & Mitigation Measures

This chapter deals with the environmental impacts due to various activities carried out at the project site, which could affect the various biotic and abiotic factors of the surrounding environment and suggesting mitigation measures to minimize the impact as far as possible. For understanding the impact and its severity on the environment it becomes necessary to identify all the probable sources of pollutants, type of releases and characteristics of the pollutants, quantification of the pollutants. Accordingly, Pollution Control Equipment’s and mitigation measures are suggested to minimize the impacts of the project activity on the environment.

Classifying the sources, estimating the quantity of pollutant, impact of pollution & mitigating them is the most important component in the Environmental Impact Assessment process. This chapter quantifies the environmental impacts of project related activities on various receptors of environment.

The predictions estimated are superimposed on the baseline value for achieving the resultant value which signifies the overall impact. It also suggests the various mitigation measures which can be advocated to minimize the adverse impacts of the project activity.

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4.1 Air Environment

4.1.1 Construction Phase:

4.1.1.1 Identification of Source Existing building will be utilised for proposed activity. SO2 & NOx will be emitted from the diesel powered mechanical equipment. However, the number of such equipment’s will be limited.

4.1.1.2 Predicted Impact

No major construction is required however installation of reactors construction of ETP is proposed; the emission would be reduced to around 90 to 95 % as control measures will be adopted. There would be max 10 temporary workers appointed for construction activity who may get affected by the dust pollution. Workers getting exposed to the dust generated can suffer from respiratory problems and prolonged exposure to dusty environment can lead to malfunctioning of lungs.

4.1.1.3 Mitigation Measures

Control measures like temporary wind barrier, proper traffic management during loading and unloading of the construction materials, regular sprinkling of water on the working site, Avoiding Cement dust emission, managing stockpiles (sand, gravel) by using water sprays (when emptying cement bags into mixer) will be implemented to ensure minimum dust generation.

4.1.2 Operational phase:

4.1.2.1 Identification of Sources For proposed operational phase of the unit, stack attached to LDO fired boiler of 2 TPH capacity is identified as point source of emissions. The max sulfur content of LDO can be 1.8%. The daily LDO consumption quantity will be 1.5 KLD. The said value of LDO consumption is obtained by using below formula:

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Fuel Boiler capacity (kg/hr) X [Enthalpy of steam (Kcal/kg) - Enthalpy of requirement in = water (Kcal/kg)] X100 kg/hr Calorific value of fuel (Kcal/kg) X Efficiency of Boiler in Percentage

Source: Bureau of Energy Efficiency, India

Fuel 2000 X (660-60) X100 120000000 requirement = = = 142.85 in kg/hr 10500 X 80 840000

Conversion of mass into volume is done using density factor i.e. 0.87 for LDO

As per above, the LDO requirement for boiler will be 85.71 kg/Hr or 0.074 KL/Hr. Therefore, the LDO consumption gets justified using above formula i.e. 1.5 KLD.

The fuel required for thermic fluid heater is taken from technical specifications provided by Supplier Company which is estimated to be around 1.5 KLD.

The proposed DG set of 160 KVA capacity with stack of 2.6 meters above roof is also identified as point source for air emission. Since the generator will be operational during power failure, it will not cause any major impact on the environment and hence it is not considered for air dispersion modelling.

Vapours/ gaseous emissions coming estimated to be come from manufacturing process will be subjected to the scrubbers of 100 CFM capacity

One of the major sources of fugitive emission generation can be due to the handling, storage and transportation activity of raw materials. All raw materials & fuel will be stored in tanks, drums & carboys. The sources of VOC emissions from the project would be from the storage area due to handling & operating the solvent drums, loading unloading of solvents etc. The vehicle used for transporting the raw materials & finished products also contributes to the dust generation & emissions of gases like NOx due to fossil fuel burning.

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4.1.2.2 Prediction of Impacts

For the quantitative impact analysis on the air quality due to the activity, air dispersion modelling is performed. The criteria pollutants like PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX & CO generated from operation of steam boiler were considered for air modeling. D.G set is not considered for impact prediction as it will be used only during the power failure.

AERMOD Cloud5 developed by Envitranse and authorized by CPCB is used for air modelling simulation which is based on the steady state Gaussian plume equation.

4.1.2.2.1 Model Options Used for Computation

❖ Stack tip down-wash is not considered; ❖ Point Source Modeling is considered; ❖ Calms processing routine is used by default; ❖ Wind profile exponents is used by default; ❖ Flat and elevated terrain is used for computations; ❖ It is assumed that the pollutants do not undergo any physico-chemical transformation and that there is no pollutant removal by dry deposition; ❖ Washout by rain is not considered; and ❖ Cartesian co-ordinate system has been used for computations. ❖ Uniform polar receptor grid is used. The grid consists of 180 receptors each assumed to be at ground level.

4.1.2.2.2 Modeling Procedure The prediction of the Ground Level Concentrations (GLC’s) due to activity has been computed by AERMODCloud5. While performing the model the rural dispersion and regulatory defaults options were selected as per guidelines on air quality models (PROBES/70/1997-1998).

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4.1.2.2.3 Meteorological Data Processing The surface synoptic meteorological data of Dhule District for the year 2018-2019 was obtained. The quality assurance process was undertaken as required by the EPA (EPA-454/R- 99-005) to identify and fill the missing data for preparation of hourly surface meteorological data. The surface and profile met data were prepared for use in AERMOD using the AERMET meteorological data pre-processor of Lakes Environmental. Processing the surface file indicated more than 90 % data availability. Onsite meteorological data collected for three months were used to process the AERMET file. Meteorological inputs required are hourly wind speed and direction, ambient temperature, pressure, precipitation, cloud cover, stability class and mixing height. The atmospheric inversion level at Dhule during pre monsoon period for 12 hours from 6:00 hour to 20:00 hour is represented in the below table No 4.1. The data has been compiled from IMD manual.

Table No. 4.1: Atmospheric inversion level at Dhule, Maharashtra. Sr. No Time Mixing Height, Meter 1 6.00 90-110 2 7.00 100-110 3 8.00 275-350 4 9.00 815-770 5 10.00 935-1220 6 11.00 1100-1300 7 12.00 1375-1500 8 13.00 1550-1880 9 14.00 1750-2050 10 15.00 1550-1850 11 16.00 1360-1700 12 17.00 1250-1500 13 18.00 1200-1475 14 19.00 1120-1350 15 20.00 975-1525 Source: (Hourly Mixing Height &Assimilative capacity of Atmosphere in India) by IMD

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4.1.2.2.4 Model Input Data

The emission factor used in the air dispersion modeling for estimating the pollutants from the boiler operation is calculated using the document (EPA) AP-42-chapter no. 1 External Combustion Sources, Section 1.3 for Fuel Oil Combustion. The table no. 4.2 represents the input data required for describing the sources in the model.

Table No. 4.2: Model Input Parameters for Boiler Stack Modeling Sr. No Parameters Values 1. Boiler & Thermic Fluid Heater One boiler of 2 TPH capacity and Two Thermic fluid heater of 6 Lac Kcal/hr (One on standby)

2. Fuel Used LDO: 3.08 KLD (Considering 18 hrs operation at full efficiency) 3 Stack Height (m) 30 m 4. Stack exist velocity of gas (m/s) 7.0 5. Exit Temp OC 170 6. Stack inside diameter (m) 0.6 7. Gas quantity (m3/hr) 7121.5 8. Emission Factors (g/s) PM10 : 0.00526 g/sec PM2.5 : 0.00131 g/sec SO2 : 1.35 g/sec NOx : 0.29 g/sec CO : 0.026 g/sec The maximum no. of workers will be 30 nos. including Technical staff, Administration staff, security and others in the factory premises who may be affected due to the unscientific operation of boilers. Mostly the health effects associated with particulate matter are respiratory, pulmonary injury, lung cancer etc. Exposure to SO2 and NOx also lead to respiratory problems. Carbon monoxide decreases the oxygen carrying capacity of blood by reducing the haemoglobin. Since the company is handling some highly volatile solvents the VOC emission can have an adverse effect on the workers’ health if present in higher concentration. The health effects related to VOC emission are eye, nose and throat irritation headaches, loss of coordination and nausea, damage to liver, kidney and central nervous system etc. The air emissions in long course of time may affect the immediate surrounding vegetation stature physically (leaf senescence, hampered growth etc.) & biologically thus may affect the overall surrounding ecology. The incremental values at various monitoring stations were predicted and integrated with the baseline value for PM10, PM 2.5, SO2, NOx & CO is tabulated in the below table no 4.3. The output image of the dispersion modelling describing the incremental predictive values for the selected pollutants are as below:

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Figure 4.1: Short Term 24 Hourly Incremental Figure 4.2: Short Term 24 Hourly Incremental GLCs of GLCs of PM10 Nox

Figure 4.3: Short Term 24 Hourly Incremental GLCs of Figure 4.4: Short Term 24 Hourly Incremental GLCs of SO2 CO

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1- Hour Average dispersion model for HBr 8- Hour Average dispersion model for HBr

24- Hour Average dispersion model for HBr 1- Hour Average dispersion model for H2S

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8- Hour Average dispersion model for H2S 24- Hour Average dispersion model for H2S

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Table No. 4.3: Interpretation of the Incremental Values

3 3 3 3 CO (mg/m ) Sampling PM10 (ug/m ) SO2 (ug/m ) NOx (ug/m ) Sr. No. Location Code & Name BV IV RV BV IV RV BV IV RV BV IV RV

1 *A1 57.2 0 57.2 18.8 0 18.8 25.6 0 25.6 0.08 0 0.08 50.71 0.000 0.070 2 A2 50.7 0.011 18 1.0 19.0 23.1 0.586 23.686 0.07 1 053 053 3 A3 51.8 0 51.8 17.9 0 17.9 23 0 23 0.07 0 0.07

4 A4 52 0 52 17.9 0 17.9 23.5 0 23.5 0.07 0 0.07 50.90 0.000 0.070 5 A5 50.9 0.005 18 0.5 18.5 23.4 0.293 23.693 0.07 5 026 026 6 A6 51.7 0 51.7 18 0 18 23.2 0 23.2 0.06 0 0.06

7 A7 51.6 0 51.6 17.8 0 17.8 23.1 0 23.1 0.18 0 0.18 52.80 18.30 0.000 0.070 8 A8 52.8 0.002 17.9 0.404 22.9 0.098 22.998 0.07 2 4 009 009 NAAQS Standards 100 (24 hourly) 80 (24 hourly ) 80 (24 hourly ) 4 (Hourly) Note : BV :- Baseline Value; IV – Incremnetal Value; RV – Resultant Value

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4.1.3. Interpretation The incremental value of the specific pollutant at the particular monitoring station is added to the baseline value of that specific pollutant measured during the monitoring period of the project. The resultant value thus calculated used for predicting the impacts of the proposed project on the air environment in the study area. The resultant value for all the locations are well within the prescribed limit of NAAQS, Since L.D.O. will be utilized as source of fuel, due to the proposed project activity significant adverse impact is not envisaged.

Based on ambient air monitoring & dispersion modeling studies performed for fuel emissions dispersion at project site all incremental values are within the NAAQM standards. The values are presented in table 4.3. Company will use L.D.O.as fuel for boiler operation. Therefore, company proposed to provide common stack of 30-meter height as per CPCB guidelines for proper dispersion of air pollutants.

Fugitive emissions will be controlled by adopting SOPs for handling and transfer of raw materials, providing proper storage facility for raw materials.

Vehicular movement will be a daily activity but the traffic to and from company is less when compared to the overall traffic in the MIDC area. The effect of vehicular emission is negligible on surrounding area. To control the vehicular emissions only PUC certified vehicles will be used. Roads in the MIDC and within factory premises are paved which reduce the fugitive dust emissions due to haulage.

Conclusion:

1. Based on the ambient air monitoring and dispersion profile study of pollutants it can be concluded that the effect of air emissions on the surrounding ecology and human habitations will be minimal after providing adequate controlling measures. 2. Appropriate measures will be taken for fugitive emissions thus the effect of VOCs on the surrounding will be insignificant. 3. Ambient air monitoring shows that PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx and CO are well within NAAQM limits therefore the impact of minor vehicular activity will be insignificant for proposed activity.

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4.1.4. Mitigation Measures

The prominent pollutants like PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx & CO will be generated due to the fuel combustion for operation of boilers. Company proposes to install 1 boiler of 2 TPH capacities, and 2 Thermic fluid heater of 6 Lac kcal/hr capacity, out of which one will be on standby mode. Considering the total steam requirement of the entire process, at 60% steam generation rate, 18 hours of operation is considered. The mitigation measure that will be adopted is providing an appropriate stack height for dispersion of pollutants. The stack height calculation is shown below,

The stack height is calculated by using the formula: H=14(Q) 0.3 Where, H= Stack height

Q= Emission rate for SO2 (Kg/hr) Now, LDO consumption = 152 kg/hr (Density of LDO: 0.96) The Sulphur content of LDO is 1.8% Hence 152 kg LDO will contain 2.736 kg Sulphur

Now stoichiometric conversion of Sulphur to SO2= 2.736* 2 = 5.5 H= 14*(5.5)0.3 = 23.34 m. (Reference CPCB Guidelines) For dispersion of air pollutants company will provide combined stack of 30-meter-high, which is adequate stack height as per above calculation.

For dealing with gaseous emission coming out during reactor charging and during process, Alkali scrubber & water scrubber of 100 CFM capacity (each) will be provided.

The following measures will be adopted for controlling the fugitive dust emission in the plan premises,

❖ The roads within the premises shall be sprinkled with water at a regular interval to avoid the dust generation.

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❖ To ensure that all transportation vehicles carry a valid PUC (Pollution under Control) Certificate. ❖ Proper servicing & maintenance of vehicles is being carried out. ❖ Adequate green belt covering area greater than 33% of total plot area have been developed in the project plot as per National Forest Policy. Green belt act as surface for settling of dust particle and thus will reduce the particulate matter in air. ❖ Ambient air quality shall be regularly monitored to ensure the air pollution devices are working efficiently. From the above, it can be concluded that after the operation of the project and implementation of mitigation measures in an appropriate manner, the Ambient Air Quality will not exceed NAAQ Standards.

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4.2. Impact of transport of raw materials and end products on the surrounding environment. Raw material required for overall process of the plant will be purchased from local market. The transportation of raw material will be mainly done through by Roadways. In most cases, transport of raw materials, general supplies and final products causes an increase in traffic around the facility. Nearly 3-4 trucks per day would be used for transportation of raw materials and final product. Transportation and environment are paradoxical in nature. Transportation conveys substantial socioeconomic benefits, but at the same time transportation also impact on environmental systems.

4.2.1. Planning Transport development:

Roadway transportation would be the most feasible option available for the project proponent as it will be the least expensive in terms of investment, maintenance and security.

4.2.2. Construction of transport infrastructures:

The project is located in notified Avadhan MIDC area hence the existing transport infrastructures such as MIDC roads & city roads around the project will be utilized.

4.2.3. Maintenance and operation of transport infrastructures:

Maintenance & operation of the transport infrastructure would be carried out by the MIDC/ Local Administration. Facilities like street lighting, traffic management in the peak hours and maintenance of the road will be taken care by the MIDC/Local Administration.

4.2.4 Use of transport infrastructures and vehicle maintenance: The transportation of raw materials & products would be done according to the Central Motor Vehicle Rule, (CMVR) 1989. Transportation of material will mainly take place through National Highway No.66 which is located towards the west side of the company.

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4.3 Water Environment

4.3.1 Construction Phase

4.3.1.1 Probable Source Company proposed to construct additional floors on existing building structure. major construction activity like foundation work and construction of PESO, utility building will be done. Apart from these minor activities like road development, greenbelt development, installation of reactor, vessels, tanks, ETP and MEE will be done. This activity will involve consumption of high amount of water. The required water supply will be done by MIDC itself. Beside that water will be consumed by the workers at a site. Around 30 workers will be deployed for construction work at a time. According to the NBC (National Building Code of India) 45 lit /d/per person is considered for water consumption as domestic part i.e., 0.9 KLD.

4.3.1.2 Impact predicted Runoff from construction area may contain construction debris and silt which may get drained in the water bodies thereby increasing the suspended solids (SS) and contaminants. The sewage wastewater is characterized by high level of biochemical oxygen demand, ammonia & E-coli counts. Therefore, exposure of such runoffs to the water bodies will have a significant negative impact on the water quality.

4.3.1.3 Proposed Mitigation

It is important that appropriate measures are implemented to control the runoff & drainage water from entering the nearby water courses.

Construction runoff and drainage: MIDC drainage line is provided. Proper site management is essential to minimize the surface water runoff & soil erosion. Good housekeeping should be practiced like handling & disposing of solid waste i.e. debris & rubbish to enter from the drainage column.

Sewage effluents generated from the construction workforce: The mobile toilets and other sanitation faculties will be provided during construction phase of the unit.

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4.3.2 Operational Phase

4.3.2.1 Probable Source During operational phase of the unit, the major activities, identified as sources of water pollution are domestic activity, Manufacturing process, scrubber, blowdowns from boiler and cooling towers. Effluent coming from manufacturing process and scrubber will be considered as HCOD/HTDS effluent while remaining effluent from utilities will be considered as LCOD /LTDS effluent. The HTDS effluent from process will be subjected to Primary treatment and further it will be evaporated and condensed, the condensate will be recycled back to cooling tower. However effluent from utilities will be treated using Conventional ETP consist of Primary, Secondary, Tertiary Treatment. The sewage load of company will be connected to aeration tank of the unit.

Water balance for proposed activity is tabulated below in table no 4.4

Table No. 4.4: Water Budget Sr. Particulars Consumption in Effluent No KLD generation in KLD 1 Domestic 1.5 1.2 2 Green belt 3.50 0 3 Process 23.33 26.2 4 Boiler 8 0.4 5 Cooling Tower 44 6.60 6 Scrubber 0.88 1.04 Total 81.21 35.44

Note *: Effluent quantity in process is observed higher than actual water consumption rate because of presence of TDS, additional water generated during neutralisation etc.

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Water Budget

It will be ZLD unit. High concentrated effluent from process will pass from striper. After removal of strip solvent effluent will collected into ETP, where low concentrated effluent from boiler blowdown and cooling tower blowdown will collect and after primary, secondary treatment effluent will pass through MEE followed by ATFD. MEE Condensate will reuse in cooling tower and manufacturing and MEE Salt will dispose in common disposal facility.

4.4.2.2 Impact predicted The wastewater generated from the project activity if discharged to the Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP) without prior in-situ treatment, it can cause the breakdown of the common effluent treatment plant as it will contain high COD/ TDS concentrations. Also if the untreated waste water is by passed to the MIDC drains it will results in the contamination or polluting the water body at final discharge point. The prolonged unscientific discharge of the untreated waste water would lead to the contamination of the nearby surface water bodies, soil

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Table No. 4.4: Characteristics of the Overall Effluent from the project Sr. Parameter Inlet Characteristics Unit No in mg/lit except for pH 1 pH 4.5 --- 2 COD 10,000 Mg/l 3 BOD 4,500 Mg/l 4 TDS 8,000 Mg/l 5 SS 1,000 Mg/l

4.4.2.3 Proposed Mitigation It will be ZLD unit, the entire effluent coming from manufacturing process will be treated by giving primary treatment followed by evaporation and condensation of same. However the effluent coming from utilities will be treated in conventional ETP comprise of Primary, Secondary and tertiary treatment facilities. The domestic effluent load from industry will be connected to the aeration tank, where it will be treated along with LCOD effluent from utilities.

The condensate from evaporator will be directly utilised for cooling tower however treated LCOD effluent will be partially utilised for flushing and cooling water feed.

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4.4.2.3.1 Flow Chart & Design Specification of the Effluent treatment plant

Figure 4.5: Process Flow Diagram of ETP

The overall ETP process flow diagram followed by design specifications are given below.

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Table No. 4.6: Dimension of ETP QTY Sr. No UNIT NAME CAPACITY (m3) MOC (No) 1.5 x 0.58 x 1.0 = 0.875 m3 RCC 1 Oil & Grease Trap-1 1 with acid / 0.9 X 0.4 X 0.5 = 0.175 m3 2 Oil & Grease Trap-2 1 Alkalli proof Collection & 3 2.41 x 2.41 x 1.5 = 8.75 m3 1 tiling Neutralisation Tank-1 Collection & 4 1.32 x 1.32 x 1.0 = 1.75 m3 Neutralisation Tank-2 Flash Mixer & MS- 5 900 lit 1 Flocculator -1 FRP Flash Mixer & MS- 6 200 lit 1 Flocculator -2 FRP 2 x 2 x 2 + 0.2 m FB + 0.5 m MS- 7 Primary settling Tank-1 1 Hopper = 1.6 m3 FRP 1.2 x 1.2 x 1.2 + 0.2 m FB + MS- 8 Primary settling Tank-2 1 0.5 m Hopper = 1.6 m3 FRP 5.0 x 5.0 x 2.1+ 0.2 m FB = 52 9 Reactor Feed Tank m3 1 RCC

5.0 x 5.0 x 2.1+ 0.2 m FB = 52 Condensate Holding 10 1 RCC Tank m3 2.5m X 2.5m X 2.0m +0.5m Aeration Tank 11 1 MSEP /Bioreactor FB = 12.4 M3 1.2m X 1.2m X 1.5m +0.2m Secondary Tube Settler 12 1 MSEP with hopper bottom FB = 2.5 m3 1.5 x 1.5 x 1.5+ 0.2 m FB = 13 Polishing Tank 1 MSEP 3.8 m3 0.8 x 0.8 x 1.0 + 0.2 m FB = 14 Sludge Tank 1 MSEP 0.8 m3

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4.3.3 Water quality modeling

The proposed project will be operated on the basis of Zero Liquid Discharge system (ZLD). As it is evident that the wastewater generated from proposed activity will not be discharged into any river/water channel/surface water body, the water quality modeling is not mandatory for this project as per the Standard TOR prescribed by MoEF & CC.

4.4 Noise Environment

4.4.1 Construction Phase

4.4.1.1 Probable Sources Since; existing building will be utilized for proposed project. No construction noise envisaged in proposed project.

4.4.1.2 Impact Prediction

No construction phase involved hence, not envisaged

4.4.2 Operational Phase

4.4.2.1 Probable Sources

Any industrial plant in general consists of various sources of noise in clusters or single. These clusters/single sources may be housed in buildings of different dimensions made of different materials or installed in open or under sheds. Generally, the plant noise sources include Air Compressors, Feed Pumps, Condensate Pumps, Recycle Pumps, Boiler ID Fans, air blowers, cooling towers etc.

Table No. 4.7: Assumed Noise level values for Operational Phase Sr. No Description of Location Noise Level in dB(A) 1 Near Main Gate (Vehicular movement) 61 2 Boiler area 76.8 3 ETP Area 51 4 Process Area 64.3 5 D.G. Set 71 Note: All above values are assumptions

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4.4.2.2 Impact Prediction

The purpose of the assessment is to determine the combined noise level generated from different equipment’s & its drop in dB (A) level as it propagates.

Custic 3.2 developed by Canarina Environment software is used for noise pollution modeling simulation. The noise dispersion is a complex physical phenomenon that involves turbulences & non linear dynamics of the irreversible processes which is simplified in a simple equation.

4.4.2.1.1 Model Options Used for Computation ❖ Flat terrain is assumed ❖ Point Source emission is computed ❖ Atmospheric sound attenuation is considered ❖ Barrier are not used for computation for worst case scenario ❖ Solid angle of the propagation is contemplated as 2 pi ❖ Temporal average is not considered ❖ Simulation calculation is done at surface height ❖ The isolines are used as output interphase ❖ Classic custic model (Linear sound propagation equation) is used for simulation

4.4.2.1.2 Modeling Procedure

The propagation of the noise generated due to proposed project has been made by CUSTIC version 3.2. The step wise method subjected in the user manual is followed for performing the model.

4.4.2.1.3 Model Input Data Table No. 4.8: Noise modelling input data Sr. No Parameters Values 1 Number of Sources 5 Nos. 2 Number of calculation points in the x-axis X 80 Nos. 3 Solid angle 2 pi 4 Relative Humidity 60 % 5 Air Temperature 30 OC 6 Attenuation coefficient 0.94 dB(A)/100m

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4.4.1.2.4 Interpretation

The noise level gets dissipated as it travels the distance. The drop down in the decibels is calculated by the modeling software. The Noise level at the plant boundary during the operational phase in the north direction will be 33.2 dB (A). Towards the east boundary it will be 28 dB (A). ). The noise levels will be up to 9.97 (A) & 33.7 dB (A) levels respectively in the south & west directions of the project plot. The drop down in the level of noise as it travels away from the project site is tabulated in the below table,

Table No. 4.9: Drop down of Noise level in operational Phase Sr. Noise level dB (A) Distance (m) No 1 9.03 100 2 7.54 200 3 4.16 300 4 2.22 400 5 0.45 500 The noise contour plotted by the Custic 3.2 is graphically represented in below

Figure 4.6: Noise Dispersion Model

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No habitation present in 500 meters from project site. plantation around the boundary of the plant will be done, therefore it is concluded that the impact of noise level on the community from the project would be insignificant.

Vibration: As the project is new project installation of equipments and machinery (new reactors, condensers, pumps etc.) are proposed. The vibration is envisaged due to above mentioned activities, it could result in damage to infrastructure & health of the worker. To overcome such impacts, the grouting of these instruments shall be made free from vibration by providing shock absorbing pads and firmly mounted on the surface. Routine maintenance shall be practiced

4.4.1.3 Proposed Mitigation

To reduce the Noise level in the company premises following mitigation is/will be provided.

❖ Thick green belt developed around the factory boundary helps to minimize the noise intensity propagating out of the factory premises. Accordingly, company will develop the requisite amount of green belt, as per the National Forest Policy. ❖ Isolation of the high noise generating equipments. ❖ Workers should work in shifts to avoid the long durations of exposure to high noise level. ❖ Implementation of noise absorbing sheets on the walls of building/facilities hosting high noise generating equipments/machinery. ❖ Acoustic enclosures to be provided to DG set Compressor& high noise generating equipments. ❖ Anti vibration pads to be installed for high NV generating machines. Enclosure wherever necessary. ❖ Regular/routine maintenance of various equipments should be carried out. ❖ Regular Oiling and greasing for equipments should be done. ❖ The proposed equipments would be provided with proper enclosure, anti vibration pads, acoustic enclosure wherever required.

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Interpretation:

1. Noise is generated due to human activities. Baseline of noise is established by noise measurement at different locations in company premises and within study area. Results are discussed in chapter 3.

2. Short term exposure to noise can cause loss of concentration, psychological disturbances. Long term exposure may result into physical and psychological effects like temporary or permanent hearing loss, hypertension, psychological discomfort, loss of speaking ability etc.

3. Noise modeling study was carried out to determine drop of combined noise level outside the company premises as it propagates. It was found that the noise level within the factory and beyond company premises is well within permissible limit due to implementation of noise mitigation measures in the production unit.

Conclusion:

1. The noise monitoring study in the company premises revealed that the noise generated is within limits of 70 dB(A) it can be concluded from the monitoring results and mitigation measures provided, the effect of noise on surrounding will be insignificant on ecology and human habitation.

2. The noise propagation modeling study shows that combined noise level is well within limit and the impact on surrounding human habitation is insignificant.

4.5 Details of hazardous and non-hazardous waste generation and their storage, utilization and management.

4.5.1 Construction phase No construction activities are involved in proposed project, only construction of ETP will be done

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4.5.2 Operational phase The overall proposed activity will generate some Hazardous waste from operations and also from, RM storage, ETP and MEE operation. ETP sludge, MEE residue and PE Bags will be disposed to CHWTSDF, Ranjangaon. PE & Steel Drums and Paper, Plastic, Steel will be disposed through the MPCB authorized recyclers. Solid non hazardous waste includes paper waste from office and food waste generated from canteen. It will be recycled through local municipal waste collection system. The hazardous waste generated will be stored and handle as per the Hazardous & Other Wastes (Management, Handling and Trans-boundary Movement) Rules, 2016. Details of waste generation and their disposal method are listed in following table. Co

Table No. 4.10: Waste generation and disposal method Particulars HW Generation Quantity Method of Category* in TPA Disposal i. Off specification 29.3 73 CHWTSDF products ii. Discarded containers Will be Sold to Barrels, used for HW 33.1 2500 Nos. /A authorized recycler chemicals iii. Spent oil/ waste/ Will be Sold to process/ residues authorized recycler, 5.1/5.2 1.0 containing oil etc. reprocess or / CHWTSDF iv. ETP Sludge 35.3 91.25 CHWTSDF v. Manufacturing process 29.1 36.5 CHWTSDF waste vi. Manufacturing - Spent Will be Sold to solvent 189.6 authorized recycler, Re-processor 29.4 vii. Strip solvent Will be Sold to 36 authorized recycler, Re-processor viii. Solvent Distillation 20.3 2.47 CHWTSDF Residue ix. MEE Salt 37.3 90 CHWTSDF x. Spent Carbon 28.3 14.7825 CHWTSDF * Schedule I, the Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016.

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4.6 Soil environment

Impacts during operational phase

The possible adverse impacts on soil within and beyond the project plot area during the operational phase can be as under.

1) Pollution/Contamination of soil if the treated/untreated effluent in any way finds its way to ground through unforeseen disposal/spillage/leakage is not envisaged for the project in consideration since, it will be ZLD unit.

2) Accidental spillage of chemicals (raw material/product) & hazardous waste during storage, handling, gland leakage of pumps and flange leakage in pipelines within the project plot.

3) Accidental spillage of chemicals (raw materials/products) & hazardous waste during transportation to & form the project site.

4) Deposition of particulate matter from stack/chimney from the project site.

Mitigation measures

The possible impacts listed above can be prevented or minimized by adopting certain mitigation measures as listed below.

1) All raw materials & products should be stored in dedicated closed warehouses/storage areas with leak proof flooring & walls. Production area should be covered with “Acid/Alkali” proof bricks with adequate drainage system connected to ETP.

2) The transportation of chemicals (raw materials/products) & hazardous waste will be mainly done by trucks/tempos however the unforeseen events of accidental spillage are not predictable which makes is difficult to install pre event control measures. However for such instances the project proponent is robustly advised to develop & deploy Offsite Emergency Contingency Plan & related Standard Operating Procedures to tackle any such unforeseen event.

3) Hazardous waste should be stored in dedicated hazardous waste storage area made of thick concrete paved flooring with HDPE lining & in any case hazardous waste should not be stored

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4) For proper dispersion of pollutants in atmosphere, stack with appropriate height will be provided. Overall it can be said that as the project plot is located well within the area of the MIDC, there is no possibility of any adverse impact on the agricultural soils beyond the MIDC.

Interpretation:

1. Soil quality within study area has been evaluated and results are discussed in chapter 3. Soil contamination by different types of plant emissions and activities are discussed in above table.

2. Stack emissions can contaminate soil by deposition of particulate matter, ash etc. on soil which further contaminate surface water and local ground water if the activity persists for longer duration.

3. Effluent release can affect in different ways for soil. Soil can become infertile due to change in pH and nutrients concentration of soil this can affect agricultural productivity of the region moreover bioaccumulation of pollutants may occur.

4. The soil acts as absorbent for the effluent and its constituent and surface water will be contaminated also during surface runoff. This poses adverse effect on surrounding ecology like loss of flora and fauna, loss of habitat etc.

5. Deposition of hazardous chemicals and hazardous wastes make the soil toxic in nature and hazardous chemicals which are retained in soil cause loss of local ecology. if it comes in contact with human beings it may pose physical hazards or involved in any human activity it will seriously affect social, economic condition of affected areas.

Conclusion:

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1. The effect of gaseous emissions will be insignificant on soil as adequately tall stack is provided as per CPCB guidelines to disperse the pollutants effectively.

2. It will be ZLD unit therefore surface water and ground water contamination by effluent discharge will be insignificant.

3. Solid hazardous waste is stored in separate containers and kept in demarcated place to prevent accidental spillage or contamination. Hazardous waste is disposed to CHWTSDF, therefore the soil contamination due to hazardous waste is insignificant.

4.7 Biotic environment

Nevertheless, the impacts associated with any kind of proposed activity on the environment cannot be completely nullified however the severity of such impacts can be minimized to a great extent by advocating suitable mitigation measures.

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4.8 Socio economic environment

It is envisaged that the proposed activity will help to some improvements in the locale specific socio-economic aspects in the project affected area. Since the proposed activity will be carried out within the existing plant area and hence no impact on external human settlements is envisaged also project will not have any major impact on the local level population growth, total 50 no. people will be employed for the project. Hence increase in the population and related strain on infrastructure of the study area is not envisaged. Better literacy rates are possible due to assumed better economic conditions of the people in the project concerned area. This will be a positive impact due to the proposed activity.

4.9 Odour

4.9.1 Identification of source

Odour sources can be continuous or intermittent, point sources (for example chimneys, stacks or building vent/exhaust pipes), area sources (for example stockpiles, ponds or open-topped tanks) or volume sources (for example, a building with many openings from which odour escapes). The sources within the site boundary and any nearby sources beyond the boundary they could contribute to cumulative odour impacts. It is important to include fugitive sources as these often make an important contribution to the odour impacts. In the operational phase the component which will contribute to the odour generations are working of waste water treatment plant, raw materials and chemicals handling in the industry, working emission of the solvents storage tanks etc. Sources which will lead to the generation of odour are leakage of solvent/chemical from the storage drums/pipeline/reactors, domestic waste, handling of raw materials, also handling of sludge and reaction waste etc.

4.9.2 Impact prediction

Exposure to odors could result in health effects ranging from none, to mild discomfort, to more serious symptoms. Some chemicals with strong odors may cause eye, nose, throat or lung irritation. Strong odors may cause some people to feel a burning sensation that leads to coughing, wheezing or other breathing problems. Workers/People coming in contact who smell

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4.9.3 Mitigation measures

Mitigation measures that can be implemented for controlling the odour are given below,

• Provision of Ventilation and Exhaust: The flow of air and exchange in plant area where chemicals are handled will largely impact odour. Storage conditions of volatile organic compounds with odour will also significantly contribute to odour. In normal circumstances it is best to keep the odour emanating materials under closed conditions. Also providing adequate exhaust in the area can control odour. Well documented SOPs on chemicals handling and trained operators can hugely control the release of odour in plant • Supervision and maintenance: Equipments are very well maintained and the company has strong Asset Integrity plan philosophy and plan. A well documented Preventive, and predictive maintenance plan is prepared for all equipment, machines, and assets. Good Housekeeping: Decay Evaporation of odorants from stored decaying material may often lead to odour emission. Good housekeeping may eliminate the problems. • Provision of Containment: The preventive measures or changed process parameters are not enough to avoid annoying emissions of odorous compounds from a plant, it must be placed in a building equipped with ventilation and, where required, air cleaning equipment. It may be necessary to have non-opening windows and automatic gate and door closing devices, and to provide a negative pressure in the building. Odour nuisances can be prevented either by cleaning of exhaust air or by dilution in outlets.

• Increasing Air Exchange: The exchange of air surrounding an odorous process is large the emitted odorants will be diluted. But if the odour comes from evaporated material, the emission may increase. In normal circumstances it is best to reduce the amount of air which gets in contact with odorous materials. In this way odour control equipment will be required.

• Good Housekeeping: Decay Evaporation of odorants from stored decaying material may often lead to odour emission. Good housekeeping may eliminate the problems.

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Chapter 5 – Analysis of Alternatives

5.1 Introduction

M/s Goga Industires establishing their new project at plot no J-19, Avadhan MIDC, Dhule, Maharashtra. Considering existing market demand, company proposed to manufacture Perfumery Chemicals, Dyes and Pesticide products. The manufacturing capacity of the project will be 2887.50 MT/A.

5.2 Analysis of alternative site

The process of industrial site-selection begins with the recognition of projected need to meet new or growing markets. The proposed activity of Goga Industries are Green Field activity. The major physical infrastructure like road, water supply is provided by additional MIDC Avadhan. The electricity will be supplied by MSEDCL by means of continuous feeder substation. MIDC has constructed a dam under the water supply scheme to supply 4.5 million litres/day (MLD) of water to meet the daily demand of industries in the Area. The Industrial Area is connected internally by multiple lane roads which have been constructed using modern techniques. One sub-station of 33 KV has been erected by MSEB to meet the power supply needs of the Industrial Area. The sub-station provides good, uninterrupted power supply to the Area. Considering above mentioned points and arability of land required for proposed activity with lower price, no any alternative site was considered.

5.3 Analysis of alternative technology

This will be ZLD project; the water required for proposed activity will be reduced by 38.5% which will further reduce the load on natural water resources. Solar lights will be provided for internal illumination of plot. In house solvent recovery will be done to avoid wastage of valuable solvents.

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Chapter 6 – Environmental Monitoring Program

6.1 Introduction

Environmental monitoring program is an essential tool for sustainable development. An environmental monitoring Program provides a delivery mechanism to address the adverse environmental impacts of a project during its execution, to enhance project benefits, and to introduce standards of good practice to be adopted for all project works. An environmental monitoring program is important as it provides useful information and helps to:

➢ Assist in detecting the development of any unwanted environmental situation, and thus, provides opportunities for adopting appropriate control measures. ➢ Monitoring & tracking the effectiveness of Environment Management Plan & implementation of mitigation measures planned. ➢ Define the responsibilities of the project proponents, contractors and environmental monitors and provides means of effectively communicating environmental issues among them. ➢ Define monitoring mechanism and identify monitoring parameters. ➢ Evaluate the performance and effectiveness of mitigation measures proposed in the Environment Management Plan (EMP) and suggest improvements in management plan, if required. ➢ Identify training requirement at various levels. ➢ Identification of any significant adverse transformation in environmental condition to Plan additional mitigation measures

6.2 Monitoring points /locations and components

Environmental monitoring plan shall be decided considered the environmental impact likely to occur due to operation of the project as the main scope of monitoring program is to track timely and regularly change in the environmental condition and to take timely action to protect the environment.

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6.3 Post project monitoring parameters & frequency Table No. 6.1: Post project monitoring parameters & frequency Sr. Activity/Area Pollutant Pollutant Frequency Period no Characteristics OPERATION PHASE 1. Vehicular Dust CO, SO2, NOX, Intermittent / Quarterly Movement Emission SPM in Ambient Periodic Air 2. Boiler & TFH Air CO, SO2, NOX, Intermittent / Monthly emissions SPM from boiler Periodic 3. Scrubbers Air VOC, Acid fumes Intermittent / Monthly emissions Periodic 3. Boiler Area, Sound Noise Level dB (A) Intermittent / Monthly ETP, Work Periodic Place Area 4. Effluent All pH, O & G, TDS, Intermittent / Weekly treatment plant parameters TSS, COD, BOD. Periodic Heavy Metals & Organic Compounds specific to project 5. Hazardous E.T.P H.W. As per the Once in a Wastes sludge, characteristics requirement Year Process of CHWTSDF residue, providers MEE residue, PE Bags etc. 6. Work Place Air Volatile Organic Intermittent / Monthly pollutants, Compounds Periodic Heavy metals

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6.4 Monitoring methodologies Monitoring of environmental samples shall be done as per the guidelines provide by MoEF/CPCB/SPCB. The method followed shall be recommended / standard method approved/recommended by MoEF/CPCB.

6.5 Documentation and reporting The records of the monitoring program shall be kept on regular basis for all aspects of the monitoring. Separate records for water, wastewater, solid, air, emission, soil shall be prepared and preserved regularly. Immediately upon the completion of monitoring as per the planned schedule, report shall be done & necessary documents shall be forwarded to the concern person. Methodology of monitoring (sampling & analysis) shall be prepared as separate documents as SOP (standard Operating Procedure) wherever required. The records showing results/outcome of the monitoring programs shall be prepared as per the requirement of the schedule mentioned above. Regularly these documents & records shall be reviewed for necessary improvement of the monitoring plan/mitigation measures/environmental technologies as well as for necessary. Actions of environmental management cell.

6.6 Budget & procurement schedule On regular basis, Environment Management Cell shall inspect the necessity & availability of the materials, technologies, services & maintenance works. The Cell shall made appropriate budget for the purpose. Regular record review for change in financial requirement of environment management shall be done and appropriate budgetary provisions shall be made. Along with other budgets, Budget for environmental management shall be prepared and revised regularly up on requirement. The budget shall include provisions for:

• Environmental Monitoring Program • Operation & Maintenance of environmental Technologies/Equipment’s • Laboratory works for Environmental management activities • Emergency Purchase of necessary material, equipment’s, tools, services, protective equipment. • Greenbelt development

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• Social & Environmental Welfare & Awareness programs/training & Health related issues. • Annual Environmental Audit

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Chapter 7 – Additional Studies

7.1 Public Hearing Public Consultation refers to the process by which the concerns of locals likely to be affected/all the stakeholders who have plausible stake in the environmental impacts due to the project activity are ascertained with a view to taking into account all the material concerns in the proposed project or activity design as appropriate. M/s. Goga Industries will be executing at plot J-19, Avadhan MIDC, Dhule, Maharashtra, India. Now since the unit has been located in Notified MIDC area, as per the OM No. J-11013/36/2014-IA-I dated 10th December 2014 public hearing is exempted for the industries which are located in industrial estate or parks notified prior to 14.09.2006 i.e. the EIA Notification 2006 coming into force.

7.2 Risk Assessment Risk assessment is an essential part of the risk management process and is the overall term covering the risk identification, analysis and risk evaluation part of the risk management process. The Risk management process involves the following steps,

1. System Definition

2. Risk Identification

3. Risk Estimation

4. Risk Evaluation

5. Risk Control

6. Risk Monitoring

7. Risk Communication

As indicated in the earlier chapter the company proposed to manufacture Perfumery, Dyes and pesticide products. The manufacturing activity poses various types of hazards due to storage, handling and manipulation of different chemicals.

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In order to study the risks envisaged by the proposed activities, the following methodology was adopted.

7.2.1 M.S.D.S. Brief M.S.D.S.s of all the chemicals and other raw materials which would be used in the manufacturing processes of products are used as reference for preparation of HAZOP study.

7.3. Aerial Location of Hazardous Atmosphere (ALOHA): A Quantitative Risk Assessment based on the software ALOHA – Aerial Locations of Hazardous Atmospheres was carried out. The criteria failure scenarios considered for ALOHA depend on the type of storage whether above ground tank, tank in storage area or pressurized cylinders as well as physical state of the chemical stored and chemical properties of the chemical.

ALOHA (Arial Locations of Hazards Atmosphere) is an atmospheric dispersion model used for evaluating releases of hazardous chemical vapors. ALOHA is a part of software called CAMEO (Computer Aided Management of Emergency Operation). CAMEO is one of the tools developed by EPA’s Chemical Emergency Preparedness and Prevention Office (CEPPO) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Office of Response and Restoration (NOAA), to assist front-line chemical emergency planners and responders. For the present calculation version 5.4.4 is used.

CAMEO suite consists of three parts viz.

1. CAMEO: It is basically a chemical data base provided for calculations. 2. ALOHA: ALOHA allows the user to estimate the downwind dispersion of a chemical cloud based on the toxicological/physical characteristics of the released chemical, atmospheric conditions, and specific circumstances of the release. 3. MARPLOT (Mapping Applications for Response, Planning, and Local Operational Tasks): Graphical outputs include a "cloud footprint" that can be plotted on maps with MARPLOT to display the location of other facilities storing hazardous materials and vulnerable locations, such as hospitals and schools. Specific information about these locations can be

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extracted from CAMEO information modules to help make decisions about the degree of hazard posed.

Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGL):

Figure 7.1 : Description of AEGL levels THERMAL RADITION EFFECTS: A Thermal Radiation Level of Concern (LOC) is a threshold level of thermal radiation, usually the level above which a hazard may exist. 10 kW/(sq m) -- potentially lethal within 60 sec; 5 kW/(sq m) -- second-degree burns within 60 sec; and 2 kW/(sq m) -- pain within 60 sec. Below are some effects at specific thermal radiation levels for which software was run. 37.5 kw / m2 (100% lethality), 12.5 kw/m2 (1% lethality), 1.6 kw/m2 (no discomfort) The thermal radiation effects that people experience depend upon the length of time they are exposed to a specific thermal radiation level. Longer exposure durations, even at a lower thermal radiation level, can produce serious physiological effects.

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OVERPRESSURE EFFECTS: A major hazard associated with any explosion is overpressure. Overpressure, also called a blast wave, refers to the sudden onset of a pressure wave after an explosion. This pressure wave is caused by the energy released in the initial explosion—the bigger the initial explosion, the more damaging the pressure wave. Blast waves can damage buildings or even knock them flat— often injuring or killing the people inside them. The sudden change in pressure can also affect pressure-sensitive organs like the ears and lungs. The damaging effects of the overpressure will be greatest near the source of the explosion and lessen as you move farther from the source. An Overpressure Level of Concern (LOC) is a threshold level of pressure from a blast wave, usually the pressure above which a hazard may exist. In vapor cloud explosion scenario, ALOHA will suggest three default LOC values. ALOHA uses three threshold values to create the default threat zones: • Red: 8.0 psi (destruction of buildings); • Orange: 3.5 psi (serious injury likely); and • Yellow: 1.0 psi (shatters glass). ALOHA software is used to estimate the risk associated with release of pressurized gases.

Following table represent the list of chemicals tank with their storage quantity for which aloha is performed.

Table No. 7.1: Chemical Storage Details for which ALOHA is performed Maximu m Number Storage Sr. Name of Raw of Equipmen Dimensions of Quantity Dyke no Material storage’s t No Tank at any Dimension Tank given time as per CS ⌀ 2.0 m X 18.66 Sq.m. 1 Toluene 1 T-001 25000 L 7.96 m Length X 1.5 m ⌀ 2.0 m X 18.66 Sq.m. 2 Ethanol 1 T-002 25000 L 7.96 m Length X 1.5 m ⌀ 2.0 m X 18.66 Sq.m. 3 Methanol 1 T-003 25000 L 7.96 m Length X 1.5 m

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4 Cyclohexane 1 T-004 -- Barrel --

5 Sulfuric Acid 1 T-005 -- Barrel --

less than 6 LDO Storage 1 T-006 -- -- 4000 lit.

Note – Chemicals like Methanol, Tolune Ethanol and LDO will be stored in storage tank and other chemicals like cyclohexane, sulfuric acid will be stored barrel. At a time only product will be manufacture, due to which chemicals and Raw material will be store as per the requirement.

The summary of ALOHA for different scenarios for above chemicals attached in Annexure 5. ALOHA footprints for different hazard scenarios are presented in table 7.3

Table No. 7.2: ALOHA Footprints Substance Scenario. Effects LOC Distance, considered m Toulene Spill of entire Toxic area of AEGL-3 3700 ppm Less than 10 chemical vapor cloud meters contained in AEGL-2 560 ppm 23 meters tank- AEGL-1 67 ppm 86 meters evaporating puddle Flammable area 60% LEL 6600 ppm less than 10 of vapor cloud meters

10% LEL 1100 ppm 17 meters

Overpressure 8.0 psi destruction LOC was (blast force) of never exceeded from vapor buildings cloud explosion 3.5 psi serious Less than 10 injury meters likely 1.0 psi shatters Less than 10 glass meters

Burning Puddle/ Thermal 10.0 potentially Less than 10 Pool Fire radiation from kW/(sq m) lethal meters pool fire within 60 sec

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5.0 kW/(sq 2nd degree 15 meters m) burns within 60 sec 2.0 kW/(sq pain 25 meters m) within 60 sec

Tank Failure Toxic area of AEGL-3 3700 ppm Less than 10 (Leak from hole vapor cloud meters in Horizontal AEGL-2 560 ppm 23 meters cylindrical AEGL-1 67 ppm 81 meters tank)- Flammable chemical escaping from tank (not Flammable area 60% LEL 6600 ppm less than 10 burning) of vapor cloud meters

10% LEL 1100 ppm 16 meters

Tank Failure Thermal 10.0 potentially less than 10 (Leak from hole radiation from kW/(sq m) lethal meters in horizontal pool fire within 60 cylindrical tank) sec - Flammable 5.0 kW/(sq 2nd degree less than 10 chemical is m) burns meters burning as it within 60 escapes from sec tank 2.0 kW/(sq pain less than 10 m) within 60 meters sec

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Tank Failure Thermal 10.0 potentially 335 meters (Leak from hole radiation from kW/(sq m) lethal in Horizontal fireball within 60 cylindrical sec tank)- BLEVE 5.0 kW/(sq 2nd degree 474 meters of flammable m) burns liquid in within 60 Horizontal sec cylindrical tank 2.0 kW/(sq pain 739 meters m) within 60 sec

Ethanol Spill of entire Toxic area of ERPG-3 No -- chemical vapour cloud recommen contained in ded LOC Tank- value evaporating ERPG-2 3300 ppm 15 meters puddle ERPG-1 1800 ppm 22 meters

Flammable area 60% LEL 19800 less than 10 of vapour cloud ppm meters

10% LEL 3300 ppm 15 meters

Overpressure 8.0 psi destruction LOC was (blast force) of never exceeded from vapor buildings cloud explosion

3.5 psi serious LOC was injury never exceeded likely 1.0 psi shatters Less than 10 glass meters

Burning Puddle Thermal 10.0 potentially less than 10 / Pool Fire radiation from kW/(sq m) lethal meters pool fire within 60 sec 5.0 kW/(sq 2nd degree less than 10 m) burns meters within 60 sec

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2.0 kW/(sq pain 12 meters m) within 60 sec

Leak from hole Toxic Area of ERPG-3 No -- in Horizontal Vapor Cloud recommen cylindrical tank- ded LOC Flammable value chemical ERPG-2 3300 ppm 11 meters escaping from ERPG-1 1800 ppm 20 meters tank (not burning) Flammable Area 60% LEL 19800 less than 10 of Vapor Cloud ppm meters

10% LEL 3300 ppm 11 meters

Overpressure 8.0 psi destruction LOC was (blast force) of never exceeded from vapor buildings cloud explosion 3.5 psi serious LOC was injury never exceeded likely 1.0 psi shatters Less than 10 glass meters

Leak from hole Thermal 10.0 potentially less than 10 in Horizontal radiation from kW/(sq m) lethal meters cylindrical tank- pool fire within 60 Flammable sec chemical is 5.0 kW/(sq 2nd degree less than 10 burning as it m) burns meters escapes from within 60 tank sec 2.0 kW/(sq pain less than 10 m) within 60 meters sec

Leak from hole Thermal 10.0 potentially 262 meters in Horizontal radiation from kW/(sq m) lethal cylindrical tank- fireball within 60 BLEVE of sec flammable 5.0 kW/(sq 2nd degree 374 meters liquid in m) burns

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Horizontal within 60 cylindrical tank sec 2.0 kW/(sq pain 588 meters m) within 60 sec

Methanol Spill of entire Toxic Area of AEGL-3 7200 ppm 20 meters chemical Vapor Cloud AEGL-2 2100 ppm 57 meters contained in AEGL-1 530 ppm 127 meters Tank- evaporating Flammable Area 60% LEL 43080 less than 10 puddle of Vapor Cloud ppm meters

10% LEL 7180 ppm 23 meters

Overpressure -- -- No explosion: (blast force) no part of the from vapor cloud is above cloud explosion the LEL at any time

Burning Puddle Thermal 10.0 potentially less than 10 / Pool Fire radiation from kW/(sq m) lethal meters pool fire within 60 sec 5.0 kW/(sq 2nd degree less than 10 m) burns meters within 60 sec 2.0 kW/(sq pain less than 10 m) within 60 meters sec

Leak from hole Toxic Area of AEGL-3 7200 ppm 14 meters in Horizontal Vapor Cloud AEGL-2 2100 ppm 44 meters cylindrical tank- AEGL-1 530 ppm 103 meters Flammable chemical escaping from Flammable Area 60% LEL 43080 less than 10 tank (not of Vapor Cloud ppm meters burning) 10% LEL 7180 ppm 18 meters

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Overpressure -- -- No explosion: (blast force) no part of the from vapor cloud is above cloud explosion the LEL at any time

Leak from hole Thermal 10.0 potentially 223 meters in Horizontal radiation from kW/(sq m) lethal cylindrical tank- fireball within 60 BLEVE of sec flammable 5.0 kW/(sq 2nd degree 323 meters liquid in m) burns Horizontal within 60 cylindrical tank sec 2.0 kW/(sq pain 509 meters m) within 60 sec

Cyclohexane Spill of entire Toxic Area of PAC-3 10000 11 meters chemical Vapor Cloud ppm contained in PAC-2 1700 ppm 27 meters Tank- PAC-1 300 ppm 66 meters evaporating puddle Flammable Area 60% LEL 7800 ppm 11 meters of Vapor Cloud 10% LEL 1300 ppm 31 meters

Overpressure 8.0 psi destruction LOC was (blast force) of never exceeded buildings

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from vapor 3.5 psi serious Less than 10 cloud explosion injury meters likely 1.0 psi shatters 19 meters glass

Burning Puddle Thermal 10.0 potentially 10 meters / Pool Fire radiation from kW/(sq m) lethal pool fire within 60 sec 5.0 kW/(sq 2nd degree 17 meters m) burns within 60 sec 2.0 kW/(sq pain 28 meters m) within 60 sec

Leak from hole Toxic Area of PAC-3 10000 11 meters in Horizontal Vapor Cloud ppm cylindrical tank- PAC-2 1700 ppm 29 meters Flammable PAC-1 300 ppm 70 meters chemical escaping from tank (not burning)

Flammable Area 60% LEL 7800 ppm 11 meters of Vapor Cloud 10% LEL 1300 ppm 33 meters

Overpressure 8.0 psi destruction LOC was (blast force) of never exceeded from vapor buildings cloud explosion 3.5 psi serious Less than 10 injury meters likely 1.0 psi shatters 18 meters glass

Leak from hole Thermal 10.0 potentially less than 10 in Horizontal radiation from kW/(sq m) lethal meters cylindrical tank pool fire within 60 - Flammable sec

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chemical is 5.0 kW/(sq 2nd degree less than 10 burning as it m) burns meters escapes from within 60 tank sec 2.0 kW/(sq pain less than 10 m) within 60 meters sec

Leak from hole Thermal 10.0 potentially 335 meters in Horizontal radiation from kW/(sq m) lethal cylindrical tank fireball within 60 - BLEVE of sec flammable 5.0 kW/(sq 2nd degree 473 meters liquid in m) burns Horizontal within 60 cylindrical tank sec 2.0 kW/(sq pain 738 meters m) within 60 sec

Chemical viz, Sulfuric acid and LDO are not listed in Aloha, Therefore Monds and Dow Index respectively is performed.

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Interpretation

Based on the unsafe distances identified by the ALOHA software output file, the MCLS (maximum credible loss scenario) for the factory works out to about 739 meter for Toluene with 2.0 kW/ (Sq. m) impact in the environment.

The scenario considered for assessing the impact by quantitative risk assessment was taken from standard guideline.

The probability of occurrence of the scenario is very less. The Disaster management plan highlights the suggestive measures to be taken during the occurrence of such an accident.

Recommendations – For storage tanks

➢ The periodic inspection and maintenance program on the tank would be ensured.

➢ The periodic maintenance of the pumps and piping would be ensured.

➢ Least number of flanged joints will be provided in the pipelines.

➢ The pipelines will be supported adequately so as to avoid sagging of the same during operation.

➢ Visual inspection of the pipelines will be done periodically to ascertain external pitting and corrosion.

➢ Protective painting on the tank and pipeline shall be provided.

➢ Protective equipment such as gloves, lab coat, vapor respirator, splash goggles shall be ensured while handling the substance.

➢ Prominent signage of hazards (such as “Danger”, No smoking”) of the substances shall be provided on the tank and surroundings

➢ The tank installation will be protected against lightening.

➢ All Electric Equipment & Fittings (e.g. Pump-motors, lamps, junction boxes, switches etc.) shall be of Flame-proof Type, conforming to IS/IEC 60079 i.e. old IS 2148:1981, suitable for GR. II A/II B and shall be of type approved by the CCoE.

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7.4 DOW Fire and Explosion Index The DOW index is performed for all flammable chemicals which is to be stored in raw material storage building for proposed activity. The DOW index has been performed for chemicals having Nf factor 3 or more than 3 except for LDO. Details of DOW index is given in table below

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Table No. 7.4: List of hazardous chemicals and its respective DOW F& E Index

Tetra Crotonaldehyd Triethylamine Mono EDC Fluoro Ethyl Sodium Chemical Methanol Toluene Ethanol Cyclohexane LDO Chloro e Ether Acetate Metal Ethylene Benezene

Container Storage Considered Tank Tank Tank Drum Tank Drum Drum Drum Drum Drum Drum Drum s N h 1 2 2 1 0 1 3 4 2 1 3 2 3 N f 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 4 3 4 3 N r 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 2 3 0 Material Factor, 16 16 16 16 10 16 16 24 16 21 24 29 16 MF F1 (General 2.55 2.55 2.55 2.55 2.35 2.55 2.55 2.55 2.55 2.55 2.35 2.55 2.55 Process Hazard) F2 (Special 1.60 1.89 1.80 1.68 1.26 1.46 1.86 2.0 1.60 1.40 1.80 1.60 1.80 Process Hazard) F3 (Hazard Factor) 4.08 4.81 4.59 4.28 2.961 3.72 4.74 5.1 4.08 3.57 4.23 4.08 4.59 Fire & Explosion 65.28 76.96 73.44 68.5 29.61 59.56 75.88 122.4 65.28 74.97 101.52 118.32 73.44 Index Intermedi Intermedi Degree of Hazard Moderate Moderate Moderate Moderate Light Light Moderate Intermediate Moderate Moderate Moderate ate ate The DOW Index calculations, performed for storage of above tabulated chemicals are attached as annexure 6

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The DOW Index calculations, performed for storage of above tabulated chemicals are attached as annexure 7.3 Interpretation: The Dow index has been performed for above listed chemicals storage and from the calculations it is seen that the storage will have a maximum Dow Index of 118.32 indicating Intermediate hazard potential. Based on the unsafe distances identified by the DOW Index, The radius of exposure for the Tetra Fluro ethylene of 0.88 KL capacity will be around 99.38 ft. And the area of Exposure will be around 31011.0 ft2

Table No. 7.5: Degree of Hazads Degree of Hazard for F & EI F & EI Index Range Degree of Hazard 1-60 Light 61-96 Moderate 97-127 Intermediate 128-158 Heavy 159-up Severe

Since company proposed to provide PESO following recommendation should be followed during operation.

The Petroleum and Explosive Safety Organization standards are followed for storage of solvents.

1. Earthing is to be provided to the storage area for dealing with the static charges that might generate during the loading and unloading of the solvents. 2. Provision of sand buckets, foam monitor, fire extinguishers & hydrant line near PESO area were made available. 3. Appropriate drainage with the slope of 2 % is provided to remove small and large spillage of the chemicals. 4. Provision of spill kit is provided to deal with the minor spillage scenario. 5. Permission of Joint Chief Controller (explosives), West circle is obtained 6. Petroleum storage is constructed of non combustible materials. 7. The secondary containment is provided and is kept clean and free from any accumulation of inflammable liquids.

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8. The storage shed is ventilated near the ground level and also near the roof. The ventilators are covered with two layers of fine copper or non corrodible metal wire gauge of mesh not less than 11 meshes per linear cm. 9. No alteration is carried out without written permission of licensed authority. 10. The safety distance of 7.5mtr is kept from the shed. 11. All the empty receptacles are kept securely closed unless they have been thoroughly cleaned. 12. The suitable extinguishers (DCP) are kept immediately outside the storage shed. 13. Access of unauthorized person to petroleum receptacles is restricted. 14. Daily inventory of petroleum is to be maintained.

Recommendation/Suggestions for non-PESO area

1. The storage in godown should be in a systematic way proper roads should be marked by “Yellow” colour & should be kept free of obstruction all the time. 2. The maximum stacking height should be marked on the walls in RED colour. The stacking height should not be more than the red line. Red line should be marked on 1.5 mtrs. From lowest roof level. 3. All electrical fitting, fixtures should be flameproof & confirming to relevant IS. All electrical wiring, fitting & fixture should be above the red line (stacking limit line) 4. The indication mark like Exits, Fire Escape, etc. should be prominently marked with florescent paint so that it can be seen in darkness. 5. 2 Nos. of Alcohol Resistance Foam Extinguishers having capacity of 50 Ltrs. to be installed in the Plant area.

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7.5 Toxicity (Monds) Index Introduction

The principle and general approach used in the DOW method of hazard evaluation have been further developed by ICI Mond Division, the revised Mond Fire, Explosive and Toxicity index is a series of papers by Lewis (1979). The main developments made to the DOW Index in the Mond Index are:

1. It covers a wider range of process and storage installation 2. It covers the processing of chemicals with explosive properties 3. A calculation procedure is included to allow for the off-setting effects of good design and control and safety instrumentation 4. The procedure has been extended to cover plant layout 5. Separate indices are calculated to access the hazards of fire, internal explosion and aerial explosion.

To estimate the Monds Index for raw materials in storage area following, All the raw materials stored in the industry premises are tabulated and data for their N (H) levels and TLV levels are obtained. Based on their highest toxicity factor and lowest TLV level Mond’s Index was calculated for chemicals with Nh =3 or more. Detailed methodology of Toxicity Index and the toxicity index calculations are given in Annexure.

To estimate the Monds Index for raw materials in storage area following,

Table 7.6 explains the toxicity index and degree of hazard associated with respective raw material.

Table No. 7.6: Monds Toxicity index of toxic chemicals Qty. at any Flash Health Sr. given time TLV in Raw Materials Point UN Classification Hazard No in MT or ppm in 0C (Nh) KL Class 8: Corrosive 1 30% dil HCl 10.00 NA 3 5 material Class 6: Poisonous 2 Aniline 11.50 70 3 2 material Class 8: Corrosive 3 Bromine 9.80 NA 3 3 material

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Class 6.1: Poisonous Material Class 8: Corrosive 4 Caustic Soda 8.60 NA 3 2 material Class 6.1: 5 Crotonaldehyde 8.08 12.77 4 50 Poisonous Material Conc. Sulfuric acid Class 8: Corrosive 6 10.00 NA 3 15 (H2SO4) material Class 8: Corrosive 7 Isobutyric Acid 1.65 55.5 3 10 material Class 3: Flammable 8 Monochlorobenzene 2.50 23.3 3 10 material Potassium Class 8: Corrosive 9 1.80 NA 3 2 Hydroxide 85% material Class 6.1: 10 Resorcinol 4.00 127.2 3 10 Poisonous Material Class 8: Corrosive material 11 Sulfuryl chloride 1.33 NA 3 0.2 Class 6.1: Poisonous Material

Table No.7.7: Calculated Mond’s Index and degree of Hazard for Hazardous chemicals. Sr. Raw Materials Th Ts ( Mond’s Degree of No. (Toxicity Correction Index hazard factor) factor) 1. 30% dil HCl 250 125 8.0 Moderate 2. Aniline 250 125 8.5 Moderate 3. Bromine 250 125 8.0 Moderate 4. Caustic Soda 250 125 8.0 Moderate 5. Crotonaldehyde 325 75 7.33 Moderate 6. Conc. Sulfuric acid 250 75 5.8 Moderate (H2SO4) 7. Isobutyric Acid 250 75 6.10 Moderate 8. Monochlorobenzene 250 75 6.40 Moderate 9. Potassium 250 125 8.0 Moderate Hydroxide 85% 10. Resorcinol 250 75 5.98 Moderate 11. Sulfuryl chloride 250 125 8.0 Moderate

Toxicity (Mond) Index recommendations:

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1. The raw materials are stored according to their compatibility. 2. Toxic materials are stored in cool place and kept away from heat. 3. Toxic material can cause breathing difficulty therefore storage area is well ventilated. 4. Good housekeeping practice is implemented in storage area. 5. Appropriate drainage with the slope of 2 % is provided to remove small and large spillage of the chemicals. 6. The provision of fire water supply is provided through the hydrant line passing from the raw material storage area 7. PPE’s are used wherever necessary. 8. MSDS recommendations are strictly followed while chemical storage and handling.

Recommendations for ‘High’ Mond Index chemical storage:

1. The chemicals are isolated from another chemical in well ventilated area and hazard warning information is shown. 2. SOP is prepared for handling such chemicals and it should be strictly followed. 3. Spill kit is provided for storage to limit the spill of materials. Suitable Absorbent like sodium bi carbonate is used to absorb the spill. 4. Proper training is provided to workers prior to handling and transporting chemicals. 5. PPE’s like face shield, goggles, apron, gloves, gumboots are used while handling the chemicals to avoid exposure to chemicals.

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7.6. DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

The Disaster Management Plan (DMP) is aimed to ensure safety of life, protection of environment, protection of installation, restoration of production and salvage operations in the same order of priorities. For effective implementation of the DMP, it should be widely circulated and personnel training through rehearsals/drills should be organized. Further, the management should be able to demonstrate that its assessment of the consequences as good supporting evidence. To tackle the consequences of a major emergency inside the factory or immediate vicinity of the factory, a DMP has to be formulated and this planned emergency document is called "Disaster Management Plan". Objectives of Disaster Management Plan [DMP]

The objective of the Industrial Disaster Management Plan is to make use of the combined resources of the plant and the outside services to achieve the following: • Effect the rescue and medical treatment of causalities • Safeguard other people • Minimize damage to property and the environment • Initially contain and ultimately bring the incident under control • Identify any dead • Provide for the needs of relatives • Provide authoritative information to the news media • Secure the safe rehabilitation of affected area • Preserve relevant records and equipment for the subsequent inquiry into the cause and circumstances of the emergency. In effect, it is to optimize operational efficiency to rescue rehabilitation and render medical help and to restore normalcy.

7.6.1 Onsite Emergency Plan

The Onsite emergency plan is prepared based on the guidelines mentioned under schedule 6 of the rule 12 (1) of the Maharashtra factories (Control of industrial Major Accidents Hazards) Rules 2003. On-Site emergency preparedness plan has the following objectives:

1. Safeguard lives and property at site and in its vicinity area.

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2. Contain the incident and bring it under control; 3. Minimize damage to lives, property and environment; 4. Rescue and treat casualties; 5. To train the people to act efficiently and with confidence in an emergency. 6. Evacuate people to safe areas; 7. To minimize its occurrence.

7.6.1.1 Name & Address of the person furnishing the Information. Name: Mr. Pramod Kawale Designation: Owner Address: Plot no: J-19, Avadhan MIDC, District Dhule, Maharashtra, India

7.6.1.2 Key personnel of the organization and responsibility assigned to them in case of an emergency.

Figure 7.2: Key personnel of the organization and responsibility assigned

1) Site Main Controller

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During the onsite emergency situation the Site Main Controller shall, ➢ Activate the Emergency Control Centre & personnel ➢ Relieve the Site Incident Controller of overall responsibility during off shift hours ➢ Take stock of situation with SIC & direct operations to control the emergency. ➢ Ensure that all the key persons are called on site. Delegate any extra duty to any person depending upon the situation and his judgment. ➢ Verify the head count & arrange for search / rescue ➢ Instruct for shutting & evacuation if required. ➢ Seek assistance from external agencies & Mutual aid ➢ Withdraw the staff in case of the human life is in peril. ➢ Liaison with statutory authorities ➢ Arrange to call the experts/ the supplier. ➢ Give All Clear siren when everything becomes normal. ➢ Works as liaison officer between outside fire brigade & police advice on specialized technical aspects of the materials involved and internal details of the factory. ➢ Report the event to the nearest district police station, fire brigade, civil defense force, district emergency officer, factory Inspectorate and other voluntary body to assist to the task. Company will establish Emergency Control Centre at the cabin of the Site Main Controller (EHS Manager). It has external telephone, telefax and telex facility & contact number of the Incident Controller Officer, Senior Personnel etc. 2) Site Incident Controller ➢ Assume the responsibility of the Site Main Controller till the arrival of the site main controller. ➢ Brief the Site Main Controller on arrival - during off shift hours. ➢ Be over all in charge of the emergency situation and head of fire fighting team. ➢ Arrive immediately to the site of emergency and issue instructions for speedy combat. ➢ On arrival immediately assess the scale of emergency and decide if a major emergency exists or is likely. ➢ Report head count to Site Main Controller. ➢ Activate the security head to report the emergency to Site Main Controller.

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➢ Activate the Onsite action plan depending on the type of emergency. ➢ Direct all operations and call the external help from emergency control center. ➢ Search for the injured and / or casualties. ➢ Direct the shutdown and evacuation of the plant. Identify the areas likely to be affected by the emergency. ➢ Provide information to emergency services about the chemicals / incident 3) EHS Team.

In addition to his general duties of maintaining order of administration he shall discharge following duties:

➢ Execute all directions and instruction of site main controller regarding. ➢ Calling mutual aid members. ➢ Specialist from the supplying company. ➢ Lead the fire fighting & rescue operations

For efficient and successful operation of the plan statutory agencies listed below should be actively involved for guidance and help: -

✓ Fire Brigade ✓ Police Authorities ✓ Collectorate / revenue officials ✓ Directorate of Industrial Safety and Health ✓ Maharashtra Pollution Control Board. ✓ District Health Authorities ✓ Non Government organization ✓ Local News Media. ✓ Local Leaders

➢ Supervise the duties of Security Personnel. ➢ Supervise rescue & medical operations ➢ If injuries and casualties does occur, then he shall obtain names and addresses of the injured and dead people. ➢ Arrange for the medical aid. Talk to the hospital and doctors. Report about the type of injury / burn injuries and or toxic effects. ➢ Report to the hospital and make arrangement for likely more cases of injuries.

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➢ In consultation with the site main controller he shall identify the antidote or any special medical procedure and report the same to hospitals. 4) Process & operation Manager

(In affected Plant Area)

➢ Inform EHS Manager / General Manager / Plant / Dept Manager or his nominee / Site Main Controller on the telephone immediately. ➢ Assume the role of Site Incident Controller till his arrival. ➢ Direct employee’s / contractor's workers / visitors at the assembly point. ➢ Take head count of employees. ➢ Deploy trained Emergency Response Team & direct. ➢ Hold personnel at the Assembly point till ‘All Clear’ signal is obtained. ➢ Act as per instructions from Site Incident Controller / Site Main Controller. ➢ Open plant drain valves to FWRB ➢ Provide information to external agency about the chemical involved to control emergency/ treating injured employees.

(Non –affected Plant Area)

➢ Ensure that all employees including contractor’s workers / visitors assemble at the Assembly Point and take roll call of employees. ➢ Take Head Count & report to SMC at ECC ➢ Switch off all critical operations. ➢ Be Alert for evacuation & evacuate on instructions from SMC ➢ Keep ready - Emergency Response Team members ➢ Provide necessary information and support to affected dept/plant to control emergency. ➢ Hold personnel at Assembly Point till ‘All Clear” siren is raised

5) Security

In addition to the normal duties of maintaining security at the place of work they shall discharge following duties:

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➢ On hearing the fire alarm, proceed to the incident immediately. ➢ Be in charge of Fire Fighting and rescue operations with the assistance of essential workers and key personnel till the arrival of Fire Brigade and Police. (These operations shall be under the direct supervision of Site Incident Controller) ➢ Ask the ambulance to proceed to the scene of the incident in case of serious injury. ➢ Remove obstruction from the road to help Fire brigade to proceed to the scene of fire. ➢ Restrict entry of unauthorized and untrained persons from the scene of incident. Also don't allow unauthorized persons / vehicles to enter the premises. Control traffic movement for smooth & normal flow. ➢ Initiate rescue operation if required. ➢ Call for fire brigade & ambulance during off hours ➢ Depending on seriousness arrange to inform police personnel if instructed by Factory Manager.

7.6.1.3 General Instructions and Response during the Onsite Emergency Situation 1. Major Fire/ Explosion

➢ Operate the nearest fire alarm or alert the personnel by raising an audible alarm or by shouting Fire!, Fire!!” ➢ Inform the Manager Production / Shift Supervisor available who is in charge of the factory at that time about the ➢ Place of Fire / Explosion ➢ Extent of Fire fighting Action taken by him ➢ The material involved ➢ No. of persons affected. ➢ Try to extinguish the fire with the help of fire extinguishers, if without risk. If he is unable to extinguish the fire, he should see that the fire does not spread to nearby area.

2. Collapse of structure/ Serious Injury

➢ Inform the Manager Production / Supervisor etc. ➢ Remove the injured person to a safe place. Take help of trained first-aiders.

3. Release of toxic and hazardous material

Inform the Manager Production / Supervisor or person available who is in-charge of the factory at that time about the

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➢ Place of Gas leak ➢ Extent of leakage ➢ Action taken by him ➢ The material involved ➢ No. of persons affected.

EMERGENCY DO ‘S DON 'TS DO ‘S ANY ONE NOTICING AN DO NOT panic and avoid running all over EMERGENCY: the place prevent others from doing so. Actuate nearest fire alarm button and /or DO NOT enter the site unless instructed if inform the supervisor. Get back to your you are outside and emergency alarm is normal workstation (if safe) or else report heard. to the assembly point. CONTRACTOR PERSONNEL : DO NOT enter the site until it is cleared for Stop work on hearing alarm and assemble the normal work by Incident Controller. at the ASSEMBLY POINT and be ready to evacuate. SECURITY : DO NOT allow unauthorized visitors to Keep the gate manned. enter. Keep the road clear for movement of fire tenders. Control traffic at gates. VISITORS : DO NOT enter the site if emergency alarm is Leave the place and assemble at assembly heard. point. ALL OTHER EMPLOYEES ON SITE : DO NOT panic/run On hearing Emergency alarm DO NOT go to the scene of emergency Get back to work place (if safe) for head unless specifically instructed by Incident count and get instructions from Controller. supervisor. Be alert.

7.7.1.4 Establishment of the Safety Committee

M/s Goga Industries would be having around 30 Nos. of employees. Since the company will deals with the dangerous operations as mentioned in the section 87 of the Factories Act 1948, it is mandatory for the company to establish a safety committee. The safety committee shall include a senior official, safety officer and representatives of workers & each department. The tenure of the safety committee would be for 2 years. The Roles and responsibility of the safety committee is listed below,

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(a) Assisting and co-operating with the management in achieving the aims and objectives outlined in the 'Health and Safety Policy' of the occupier;

(b) Dealing with all matters concerning health, safety and environment and to arrive at practicable solutions to problems encountered;

(d) Undertaking educational, training and promotional activities;

(e) Deliberating on reports of safety, environmental and occupational health surveys, emergency plans safety audits, risk assessment and implementation of the recommendations made in the reports;

(f) Carrying out health and safety surveys and identify causes of accidents;

(g) Looking into any complaint made on the likelihood of an imminent danger to the safety and health of the workers and suggest corrective measures; and

(h) Reviewing the implementation of the recommendations made by it.

7.6.1.5 Establishment of Mutual Aid Response Group M/s Goga Industries will enter into an agreement with nearby industries for aid and assistance in the event of an emergency.

Table No. 7.8: Details of MARG Sr. No. Name Contact Person Telephone Number 1 Deep Fine Chem Sanjay Bagul 9225130317 2 Deep Fine Chem Deepak Mali 9975933002 3 Electrical Panel Company in MIDC Vivek Morankar 9823099260 4 J-20 Plot Shade Feroz Bhai 9822216417 5 Ambica Electricals Bharat Patil 9823041178

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Figure 7.3: Establishment of Mutual Aid Response Group

7.6.1.6 Outside Organization Involvement in assisting during the On-site emergency. The Outside organization that would be involved during the On-site emergency would be fire, hospital and Police authority. These authorities would be contacted when the resources provided within the factory will not fulfill the requirement.

7.6.1.7 Information on the preliminary hazard analysis. A detailed HAZOP Study for process operations & Risk Assessment have been prepared considering all possible and rare events for CCOE, Non CCOE, Raw Materials and hydrogen cylinders in the above section. Based on the study the maximum credible scenario has been identified for the particular scenario and recommendation to reduce the effect and its occurrence has been suggested/ recommended.

7.6.1.8 Details about Safety related features in Plant a) Location of the Dangerous Substances

The dangerous substances will be stored in a demarcated area in the plant premises. The raw materials will be stored based on their compatibility with other raw materials. The raw materials whose quantities are large will be stored in tanks with appropriate safety measures. b) Seat of Key Personal

Since it is a new project, complete recruitment is not yet done. Once the recruitment is done remaining Names and Contact details of respective designation will be made available.

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EMERGENCY CONTROL ROOM as marked on site plan will be focal point in case of an emergency, from where the operations to handle the emergency are directed and co-ordinate by Site Main Controller. The following information and equipment is provided at the Emergency Control Centre (ECC): • Intercom, telephone • P and T telephone • Safe contained breathing apparatus • Fire suit/gas tight goggles/gloves/helmets • Hand tools, wind direction/velocities indicators • Public address megaphone, hand bell, telephone directories • (Internal, P and T) factory layout, site plan • Emergency lamps/torch lights/batteries • Plan indicating locations of hazard inventories, plant control room, sources of safety equipment, work road plan, assembly points, rescue location, vulnerable zones, and escape routes • Hazard chart • Emergency shut-down procedures • Nominal roll of employees • List of key personnel, list of essential employees, list of Emergency Co-ordinators • Duties of key personnel • Addresses with telephone numbers of key personnel, emergency coordinator, and essential employees. • Important addresses and telephone numbers including Government agencies, neighboring industries and sources of help, outside experts, chemical fact sheets, population details around the factory.

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7.6.2 Details of Safety Systems in the Plant Premises The below section will explain about the safety features & measures adopted by M/s Goga Industries for dealing with the onsite emergency situation.

A) Alarm / Siren

There will be around 8-10 hooters located in the plant premises. Every Saturday at 1130 hours by giving an “All Clear” siren will be sounded for testing purpose. Emergency Alarm annountiator panel is located at gate office building as marked on the site plan.

On hearing alarm the incident controller will activate the action on Disaster control plan by giving proper instructions or predetermined signals. The alarm code used in the company is explained below,

ALARM CODE

Sr. No Situation Type of Siren/Alarm 1. Emergency at Site One Minute waxing and wailing siren 2. All Clear One Minute continuous siren 3. Evacuation Three minutes waxing and wailing siren

B) Assembly Points

There will be one assembly point, near to the main entrance gate of plant location where employees who are not directly connected with the disaster management would be assembled for safety and rescue. Emergency breathing apparatus, minimum facilities like water etc. would be organized. In view of the size of plant, location of assembly point is earmarked.

C) Mock Drills The company organizes periodical mock drill / rehearsal every 6 months as per suggested format by creating an emergency situation so as to verify preparedness and awareness as well as shortcomings on the part of the person to overcome the same. Sufficient time is provided prior to mock drill to the emergency services and public for proper response to exercise and provide training also. Record the deficiencies of the system during the trial and take appropriate actions to improve the efficiency of the plan in terms of preparedness and response.

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D) Training

All the persons earmarked for the emergency services will be trained to respond to the emergency. The company will conduct internal & external training for Environment Health & safety. The training will be conducted at a documented frequency. The external training will be conducted six monthly and internal training will be conducted every month.

Training will be imparted to the employees by raising siren in specific pattern. The training of escape routes, taking shelter, protecting from toxic effects will be given to employees. Employees will be provided with information related to fire hazards and first aid measures. E) Emergency Power Supply Plant facilities would be connected to Generator and is placed in an auto mode. Thus, water pumps, plant’s lighting and emergency control centre, administrative building and other auxiliary services are connected to emergency power supply. In all the blocks, flameproof type emergency lamps are provided. F) Wind Sock Wind sock will be provided in the company. The workers will be trained in the mock drill regarding the usage of the wind sock for identifying the directions for taking shelter or identifying the area of high toxicity in case of emergency. G) Communication facilities available during Onsite emergency Since it is a new project, recruitment is not yet done. Communication facilities will be made available with their Name, designation & contact details before starting of the operational phase of company. The emergency center will be established within the factory premises. H) Fire Fighting Facilities Firefighting equipment suitable for emergency will be maintained well in each section in the plant. This would be developed according to the statutory requirements. However, fire hydrant line covering major areas will be laid. Fire alarms will be located in the bulk storage areas. The below details highlights the fire fighting facilities at site.

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Table No. 7.9: Details of Fire water tanks

Fire Fighting Tank One Total Capacity of Fire Fighting tanks 1,10,000 liters Type of tank Overhead/ Below head Underground Material of Construction RCC Power of fire fighting pump 75 KW, 171 M3 /Hr No. of assembly points One No. of exit points for emergency evacuation for building Two ( Staircase for each building) Fire Hydrant system Yes Number of fire hydrant points in the premises 32 Fire Fighting Tank Details Type of tank Overhead/ Below head Underground Material of Construction RCC 2-Main pump – 2280 LPM, Pump Capacity of firefighting tank 1-Jockey Pump- 180 LPM, 1-Diesel driven pump-2280 LPM No of assembly points 1 - Near Main gate No of exit points for emergency evacuation 1 gate

Table No. 7.10: List of fire extinguishers Type Capacity Total nos.

Dry Chemical Powder 25.0 kg 3

ABC Dry Chemical Powder 5.0 kg 5 Carbon dioxide 4.5 5

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7.6.3 Fire Water Tank Justification The amount of water required for firefighting purpose can be estimated by the below formula:

Water required in liters per minutes = (A + B +C + D)/20

A) The total area in sq.mtr of all Floors including galleries in all building of the Factory = 397.35 m2

B) The total area in sq.mtr of all Floors and galleries including open spaces in which combustible materials= 100.0 m2

C) The total area in sq.mtr of all Floors over 15 m above ground level = 0.1 m2

D) The total area in sq.mtr of all floors of buildings other than those of fire resisting construction of various floors is so certified by any fire association or fire insurance company.

• 25 liters water required per minute Fire Hydrant tank has been provided of the capacity : 110 m3

• pump capacity in the plant is 2280 LPM

The total firefighting tank capacity is 110000 liter. The back-up water supply can be calculated as,

Time (min) = [Total water in firefighting tank (l)]/water required, l/min

= 110000/25

= 4400 min or 73 hours

The pump capacity in the plant will be 2850 lit/min (17 HP), therefore according to the discharge capacity of the pump installed. The back-up time by which the tank will be empty is calculated below,

Time (min) = [Total water in firefighting tank (L)]/discharge capacity (L/min)

= 110000/2850

= 38.59 min

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7.6.4 Medical Facilities The total number of employees in M/s Goga Industries would be around 30 Nos. The workers will be examined by certified surgeon within 14 days of their first employment and thereafter shall be examined by certify surgeon at intervals of not more than three months. Also one qualified person on First Aid measures will be on duty. First aid box will be provided in every department of the company. 9 first aid boxes will be located as per the below table with 5 people will be trained in using it. Out of which one person will be always on site. Necessary specific medicines for emergency treatment of burns patients and for those affected by toxicity would be maintained. Breathing apparatus and other emergency medical equipment would be provided and maintained in the OHC.

Table No. 7.11: Location of Existing First Aid Kit in the Plant Premises Sr. No of First Aid kits Locations where the first aid Person Responsible and No. available kit is Available designation. 1 3 Factory Building: Gr. Floor, 1st floor, 2nd floor 2 3 Office Building -: Gr. Floor, 1st floor, 2nd floor, EHS manager 3 1 Security Office 4 1 ETP 5 1 Utility Section

Private medical practitioners & government hospital would be approached in case of emergency & short supply in the plant. Names of medical personnel and medical facilities in the surrounding area would be prepared and updated which can be identified in the security office and emergency control centre. The help of nearby industrial managements would be taken under mutual aid response group agreement if required.

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7.6.4 Off-Site Emergency Preparedness Plan The off-site plan will be prepared with the help of the local district authorities. The proposed plan will be based on the following guidelines.

7.6.4.1 Introduction Off-site emergency plan follows the on-site emergency plan. When the consequences of an emergency situation go beyond the plant boundaries, it becomes an off-site emergency. Off-site emergency is essentially the responsibility of the public administration. However, the factory management will provide the public administration with the technical information relating to the nature, quantum and probable consequences on the neighboring population. The off-site plan in detail will be based on those events, which are most likely to occur, but other less likely events, which have severe consequence, will also be considered. Incidents, which have very severe consequences yet have a small probability of occurrence, should also be considered during the preparation of the plan. However, the key feature of a good off-site emergency plan is flexibility in its application to emergencies other than those specifically included in the formation of the plan. The roles of the various parties who will be involved in the implementation of an off-site plan are described below. Depending on local arrangements, the responsibility for the off-site plan should either rest with the works management or, with the local authority. Either way, the plan should identify an emergency coordinating officer, who would take the overall command of the off-site activities. As with the on-site plan, an emergency control centre should be set up with whom the emergency coordinating officer & emergency planning officer can operate. An early decision will be required in many cases on the advice to be given to people living "within range" of the accident; in particular, whether they should be evacuated or told to go indoor. In the latter case, the decision can regularly be reviewed in the event of an escalation of the incident. Consideration of evacuation may include the following factors: • In the case of a major fire but without explosion risk (e.g. an oil storage tank), only houses close to the fire are likely to need evacuation, although a severe smoke hazard may require this to be reviewed periodically • If a fire is escalating and in turn threatening a store of hazardous material, it might be necessary to evacuate people nearby, but only if there is time; if insufficient time exists, people should be advised to stay indoors and shield themselves from the fire For release or potential release of toxic materials, limited evacuation may be appropriate downwind if

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there is time. The decision would depend partly on the type of housing "at risk". Conventional housing of solid construction with windows closed offers substantial protection from the effects of a toxic cloud, while shanty house, which can exist close to factories, offers little or no protection.

Site Controller

Emergency Co-ordinating Emergency Planning Chief Officer Officer Inspector Appointed by District Authority Appointed by Local Authority Appointed by State Gov.Authority

General Fire Heath Police State Pollution Public Authority Authority Authority Control Board

Figure 7.4: OffsiteEmergency Emergency Plan Plan

7.6.4.2 Role of the Chief Inspector Chief Inspectors are likely to want to satisfy themselves that the organization responsible for producing the off-site plan has made adequate arrangements for handling emergencies of all types including major emergencies. Chief Inspector may verify the documented procedures and evidence of exercise undertaken to test the onsite & offsite plan. The copy of the information furnished to the workers, local authority, general public & District Emergency Authority is submitted to the Chief Inspector for review. If the Chief Inspector is not satisfied with the content, he may direct the occupier to supply further information to the workers, authority, general public & District Emergency Authority as deemed necessary.

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7.6.4.3 Role of the Emergency Coordinating Officer The various emergency services will be coordinated by an emergency coordinating officer (ECO), who is designated by the District Collector. The ECO will liaise closely with the Site Controller. Again, depending on local arrangements, for very severe incidents with major or prolonged off- site consequences, the external control should be passed on to a Emergency Planning Officer of the local authority administrator.

7.6.4.4 Role of the Local Authority The company will enter into an agreement with the Emergency Planning Officer (EPO) of the area, within whose jurisdiction the factory is situated for the Emergency officer to take appropriate steps to inform the general public outside the factory who likely to be affected by an accident. The information in the prescribed format would be shared with the EPO by the site controller. The duty to prepare the off-site plan lies with the local authorities. The emergency planning officer (EPO) appointed should carry out his duty in preparing for a whole range of different emergencies within the local authority area. The EPO should liase with the site controller for ensuring that the plan is continually updated. It is the responsibility of the EPO to ensure that all those organizations, which will be involved off site in, handling the emergency, know of their role and are able to accept it by having for example, sufficient staff and appropriate equipment to cover their particular responsibilities. Rehearsals for off-site plans are organized by the EPO.

7.6.4.5 Role of Fire Authorities The control of a fire should normally be the responsibility of the senior fire brigade officer who would take over the handling of the fire from the site incident controller on arrival at the site. The senior fire brigade officer should also have a similar responsibility for other events, such as explosions and toxic release. Fire authorities in the region should be apprised about the location of all stores of flammable materials, water and foam supply points, and fire-fighting equipment. They should be involved in on-site emergency rehearsals both as participants and, on occasion, as observers of exercises involving on-site personnel.

7.6.4.6 Role of Health Authorities

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Health authorities, including doctors, surgeons, hospitals, ambulances, and similar other persons/institutions should have a vital part to play following a major accident, and they should form an integral part of the emergency plan. For major fires, injuries should be the result of the effects of thermal radiation to a varying degree, and the knowledge and experience to handle this in all but extreme cases may be generally available in most hospitals. For major toxic releases, the effects vary according to the chemical in question, and the health authorities should be apprised about the likely toxic releases from the plant, which will enable them to deal with the aftermath of a toxic release with treatment appropriate to such casualties. Major off-site incidents are likely to require medical equipment and facilities in additional to those available locally, and a medical "mutual aid" scheme should exist to enable the assistance of neighboring authorities to be obtained in the event of an emergency.

7.6.4.7 Role of Police Authority Formal duties of the police during an emergency include protecting life and property and controlling traffic movements. Their functions should include controlling bystanders, evacuating the public, identifying the dead and dealing with casualties, and informing relatives of dead or injured.

7.6.4.8 Role of Pollution Control Board On receipt of information officer of the pollution control board shall proceed to the affected site. Conduct investigation including collection of data. Ensure that the spills have been contained with no further damage possible to humans and environment. Further to declare the area fit for re-entry after the decontamination is completed. In case of an environmental disaster, the pollution control board shall, based on the contaminant released in to the environment, carry out with the help of the industry and other agencies, such investigations as may be necessary to establish the degree of contamination. Arrange for suitable decontamination using resources available in the area as well as with the board.

Table No. 7.12: External agencies contact details involved during emergency Sr. Name Telephone

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Hospitals 1. Govt. Medical Collage and 02562 239 407 Hospital, Dhule

2. Khandesh Cancer Center 9828628322 3. Bhatwal Hospital 091585 87711

4. Hayat Hospital 02562 240 094

5. District Hospital Dhule 025562 237620

Police Station 1. NH-211, Navnath Nager, Dhule, 02562 288 215 Maharashtra 424001 2. Mohadi Police Station 02562 288 221 MIDC Avdhan, Dhule, Maharashtra 424006 Fire Station 1. Nagaon, Dhule Fire Station 02562 272 790 Nagaon Bari, Maharashtra 424005 MIDC 2. MIDC, Avdhan, DHULE, 424006 Pollution Control Department 1. SRO- MPCB 07184-260629 2nd Floor, Fulchand Plaza, B.C. College Road,Near S.S.V.P.S. Engineering College,Near vidya Nagari,Devpur, Dhule- 424 001 2. RO -MPCB 0253 - 2365150 Udyog Bhavan, First Floor, Trimbak Road, Near ITI, Satpur, Nashik - 422007

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Chapter 8 – Project Benefits

It is anticipated that the proposed activity will provide benefits to locals during both construction & operational phase thereby helping in up-liftmen of the locale specific socioeconomic stature of the project affected area.

Overall benefits of the project are as follows:

1) The plant is located at Notified Industrial Area; therefore, no human displacement or clearance of vegetation is envisaged. 2) Employment opportunities will be generating for local people, since company intend employ additional man force for operation. 3) Under CER activities the company will focus on locale specific aspects such as education & skill development, Health awareness to the people, water and sanitation and various social activities. 4) Industry trust on employee’s strength so management of the industry always promotes and maintains the safety conditions in and around the workers. 5) It will be ZLD unit, which will further reduce load on water resources.

Thus a significant benefit to the socio-economic environment is likely to be created due to the project.

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Chapter 9 – Cost Benefit Analysis

The project activity falls under the schedule 5 (f) & 5(b) category ‘A’ as per the EIA Notification, 2006. The environmental cost benefit analysis was not made mandatory in the project specific terms of references accorded to M/s. Goga Industries. by EAC (Industry-2) vide TOR letter no.: IA-J-11011/292/2019-IA-II(I) dated 3rd November 2019. Also the Standard Terms of References published by the MOEF & CC on April 2015 does not include the environmental cost benefit analysis in the general & specific TOR prescribed for synthetic organic chemical industry which falls under schedule 5(b) & 5 (f).

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Chapter 10 – Environmental Management Plan

10.1 Introduction Every industrial development is associated with the positive and negative impacts on environmental components. Though the probable negative impacts cannot be nullified completely the much required developmental activities cannot be impeded.

Environmental Impact Assessment helps in identifying potential environmental impacts of a proposed project activity. Based on the finding of the impact assessment, Environment Management Plan is devised to minimize the adverse impacts and enumerate various steps to be taken for improvement of the environment. Environmental Management Plan helps in formulation, implementation and monitoring of environmental parameters during & commissioning of project. Environment Management Plan (EMP) is the tool to ensure a safe and clean environment. A project may have identified proper mitigation measures but without a management plan to execute it, the desired results may not be obtained. The Environment Management Plan envisages proper implementation of mitigation measures to reduce the adverse impacts arising out of the project activities.

Some of the major objectives of the EMP are:

1) Ensure the project implementation with minimal impacts on all environmental components

2) Minimize the impacts on socio- economic indicators of local and adjoining regions

3) Maintain the highest level of readiness for setting the needs of any deviation in sustainability practices

4) Systematic implementation with adequate manpower, budget and action plan for EMP

5) To demonstrate the effectiveness of EMP workability along with the project proponent’s commitment.

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10.2 Organizational Structure of Environmental Management

Director

Plant Manager

Chemist/Analyst

Supervisor

Figure 10.1: Schematic Representation of organizational structure of Environment Management

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10.3 Budgets for Environmental Management / Environmental Pollution Control Measures Table No. 10.1: EMP Budget Recurring Cost per annum Capital Cost Sr. No. Particular (Rs. in Lacs) (Rs. In Lacs) 1 Air Pollution Control 3.0 15.00 2 Water Pollution Control 30.0 150.00 3 Noise Pollution Control 0.50 2.50 4 Solid waste management 6.00 4.00 5. Environment Monitoring 3.5 - 6 Occupational Health 2.0 7.0 7 Green Belt 0.81 1.0 8 RWH 0.50 3.0 Total 46.31 182.5

10.4 Details of EMP Budgetary Allocation The proposed budgetary allocation has been made with a view to install new pollution control devices & management of overall environment during the operational phase the basis and estimated costing of the EMP budget is as depicted in the following table.

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Table No. 10.2: Justification of EMP budgetary allocation Sr. Component Particulars Estimated Budgetary Budgetary no Cost Allocation Allocation (INR, in Capital Recurring lakhs) Investment Expenditur (INR, in e (INR, in lakhs) lakhs) 1 Air Construction of stack 14.8 15 3 for boiler, Installation of Scrubbers with stack 2 Water Construction of ETP, 140` 150 30 Installation of MEE with ATFD 3 Noise PPEs for workers, 2.45 2.50 0.50 enclosures to all noise generating equipment's 4 Environment Quarterly - - 3.5 Monitoring Environment & Monitoring (Per year) Management Ambient PM10, Air PM2.5, SO2, Monitori NOx, CO ng Work VOCs & Place Fugitive Air Emissions Monitori ng Boiler & TPM, SO2, DG Set NOx Monitori ng Effluent pH, COD, (Treated BOD, TSS, &Untrea TDS, Oil & ted) Grease 5 Occupational Glares, Breathing 6.5 7.0 2 Health Masks, Gloves, Boots, Helmets, Ear Plugs etc. & annual health-medical checkup of workers,

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Occupational Health (training, OHC center) 6 Green Belt Green belt 0.90 1.0 -- development activity Estimated annual -- -- 0.81 expenditure for maintenance of green belt 7 Solid Waste Solid Waste 3.5 4.0 6.0 Management Management 8 Rain Water Construction of RWH 2.5 3.0 0.5 Harvesting tank for ground water Tank recharge . Annual Cleaning up and maintenance of RWH tank Total Cost (INR , 170.65 182.5 46.31 Lakhs)

10.5 Details of Environmental Mitigation Measures The probable impacts identified & the mitigation measures envisaged for protection of Environmental Components during the construction and operational phase are as tabulated in the table below.

Table No. 10.3: Overview of probable environmental pollution & mitigation measures during construction & operational phase B) Construction Phase Sr. Environmental Aspect Impact Proposed Mitigation No Parameters Attributes Measures 1. Air Quality Dust emissions Workers getting exposed Traffic management for from handling & to the dust pollution loading and unloading transportation of generated due to the of the materials. cement/concrete/ construction activity can Regular sprinkling of stone aggregates. suffer from respiratory water on the working problems and prolonged site, Avoiding Cement exposure can lead to dust emission, malfunctioning of lungs. Managing stockpiles. Creating wind barrier for controlling the dust emissions.

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2. Noise Quality Noise generated The impacts of high Appropriate PPEs will from construction noise level would be be provided to the equipments/mach Temporary/Permanent workers. inery like spade, hearing loss, Implementation of shovel, dabber, Mental disturbance, Traffic management. drill, hammer, Increase in heart rate, Development of Green concrete mixer Affecting worker's belt. etc. performance. Transportation of construction materials.

3. Water Quality Water used for Contamination of the Proper surface water construction soil and nearby water runoff management activity mainly bodies due to the surface would be implemented. for concrete runoff. Storm water drain mixing, would be provided. sprinkling etc. 4. Solid Waste No demolition Unhealthy Work The solid waste Management work is Conditions at project generated in the envisaged site. construction phase however minor would be disposed off quantities of solid through local waste generation Municipal Corporation. is anticipated in the form of concrete/construc tion materials left over. B) Operational Phase Sr. Environmental Aspect Impact Proposed Mitigation No. Parameters Attributes Measures 1. Air Quality Operation of The Health effects 1. Appropriate Stack of Boiler & THF related to particulate 30 m will be provided to Gaseous matter are majorly the Boiler. emission from respiratory, 2. Acid/Alkali scrubbers manufacturing pulmonary injury & will be installed to catered process, Non lung cancer etc. emissions from process spontaneous Exposure to SO2 and activity. emissions from NOx majorly leads to 3. The roads within the Transportation respiratory problems. premises are paved to of raw materials Carbon monoxide avoid the dust generation & finished decreases the oxygen from vehicular activity. goods. carrying capacity of 4. It will be ensured that the blood by reducing all the transportation

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VOC emission the hemoglobin. The vehicles have a valid PUC generated due to health effects related (Pollution under Control) the handling and to VOC emission are Certificate. storage of the eye, nose and throat 5. Proper servicing & solvents & other irritation headaches, maintenance of vehicles raw materials. loss of coordination will be carried out. and nausea, damage to 6. Regular sweeping of all liver, kidney and the roads & floors will be central nervous done. system etc. 7. The proposed thick The air emissions in green belt along the plant long course of time boundary will help to may affect the capture the fugitive immediate emission. surrounding 8. Industry to ensure that vegetation stature at no point of time the air physically (leaf emission concentrations senescence, hampered exceed the prescribed growth etc.) & standards. biologically thus may affect the overall surrounding ecology.

2. Noise Quality Operation of The impacts of high 1. Acoustic enclosure will Boiler, Reactors, noise level would be be provided to the high ancillary utilities Temporary/Permanent noise generating & transportation hearing loss, equipments for activity. Mental disturbance attenuation of noise level Increase in heart rate during operation. Decreasing in workers 2. Boilers will be placed performance due to in a confined space viz. psychiatric disorder boiler house where the Workers developing surrounding walls acts as Tinnitus due to high a barrier for noise level of noise propagation. exposure on regular 3. Isolation of high basis. intensity noise generating equipments. The increased noise 4. Using engineering level may induce controls for reducing the locale level noise level. disturbances/ 5. Appropriate traffic temporary migration management to be of fauna in the implemented. immediate vicinity of 6. Green belt developed the project area. around the company

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premises will acts a noise barrier. 7. Appropriate PPE should be provided to workers.

3. Water Quality 1. Washing Indiscriminate 1. The LCOD/LTDS Effluent from release/discharge of effluent from process process activity. effluents may washings and blowdowns 2. Blow down contaminate the from utilities will be water from surrounding surface treated in conventional Boiler and and groundwater & ETP; comprises of Cooling Tower. there by affecting the Primary, Secondary & 3.Domestic overall ecology & Tertiary treatment facility. wastewater agricultural productivity. 2. The sewage effluent load from the company will be connected to the aeration tank i.e. secondary treatment facility of the unit.

3. Process effluent will be subjected to Stripper MEE with ATFD

4. The condensate from MEE unit will be utilized as feed water in cooling tower, while the residue from overall operation of MEE will be disposed through CHWTSDF. 4. Solid Waste 1. Hazardous Unscientific handling 1. Hazardous waste Management - waste generated & disposal may lead generated from the overall Hazardous from the Storage to contamination of activity of the project will Waste of Raw material. surrounding soil, disposed to CHWTSDF. 2. Sludge water sources & there 2. Sludge generated from generated from by affecting the the ETP operations are the ETP ecology & health of disposed to - CHWTSDF. operation. the workers coming in 3. Residue generated from 3. Residue direct contact with the MEE unit will be generated from hazardous waste like disposed through the SEE skin CHWTSDF. operation.

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allergies/rashes/burns etc. Solid Waste 1. Scrap Metal 1.Hap-Hazard Designated area for Scrap Management - 2. Scrap Plastic handling & storage materials will be provided Non Hazardous 3. Office Waste may lead to in the plant. waste 4.Food Waste inadequate open space 5. Carboys & in plant premises & it Scrap materials will be wooden pellets may lead to rodent recycled through breeding. registered scrap vendors.

Daily housekeeping waste and food waste will be disposed through local waste management facility.

10.6 Fly Ash utilization as per Fly Ash Notification, 2009. The proposed activity required high temperature steam input, to obtain the same company will operate boiler & THF. The fuel to be used for boiler operation will be LDO.. Therefore, fly ash generation will be negligible & no utilization of fly ash is envisaged, as per Fly Ash Notification, 2009.

10.7 Action Plan for Green Belt Development Generally green developed along the factory boundary helps to arrest/capture dust emissions thereby avoiding it to escape beyond the factory boundary and also to minimize intensity of noise propagating out of the factory premises along with improving the aesthetics of project site.

10.7.1 Design and development of green belt

Design: Thick green belt will be developed along the boundary of the project plot as per the Standard TOR prescribed by MoEF & CC for Synthetic Organic Chemical industries and pesticide industry.

Area allocation for green belt: Green belt development will be done in 33% area of the total project plot area viz. 547.71 sq. m.

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Area consideration for growth of individual tree: The area assumption for individual large/medium size growth achieving tree is 2.6 m x 2.6 m = 6.76 sq. m. as per the Standard TOR prescribed by MoEF & CC for Synthetic Organic Chemical industries.

Selection of plant species: The plants to be planted are suggested considering the floral scenario as observed in the study area during the baseline assessment study (preferably native fast growing, non fruiting plants having large leaf area).

10.7.2 Proposed green belt layout

Reconnaissance survey were conducted along with the project proponent to identify sites for proposed green belt within the project plot & the areas thus demarcated for the proposed green belt were plotted on the Autocad system, the layout plan thus generated is depicted below.

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Figure 10.2: Proposed Greenbelt plantation at M/s. Goga Industries

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10.7.3 Details of proposed green belt

The alignment of individual green patches/areas and number of trees to be planted in such respective patches/areas will be as given in the following table.

Table No. 10.4: Detailed breakup of the proposed green belt Green Location of green belt No. of plants Tree Sr. Area in Belt to be planted Plantation No. sq. m. Site year Within plant premises 82 2021 1 GB 547.71 82 - Total 547.71

10.7.1. Action plan & estimated budgetary allocation for proposed green belt development The proposed green belt in an area of 547.71 sq. m will be developed in phase wise manner viz. plantation will be done in single phases during June 2021 described below.

Table No. 10.5: Estimated budgetary expenditure for plantation

Estimate for block plantation

Total area: 547.71 sq. m. Estimated Expenditure No. of plants to be planted: 82 plants Sr. Rate (Rs.) per Amount Particulars of work Magnitude No. unit (Rs.) 1 Alignment & Digging of pits 82 100.00 8,200 Purchase of plants (Large growing 2 82 350.00 28,700 trees) Transportation cost (transportation of 3 plants to project site including loading 37,300 37,300 & unloading) & planting in pits 4 Purchase of soil & fertilizers 10,850 10,850 Bordering/Fencing development for 5 15,000 10,000 green belt Total Say 1,00,000 Table No.10.6: Capital & recurring cost for green belt Estimated expenditure for green belt Sr. No. Particular of work Capital Recurring/Annum

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1 Development of green belt (as detailed above) 1,00,000 - 2 Watering for 8 months (240 days) each sq .m. of green belt - 18,900 to be watered 6 liter water @ Rs. 0.0225/liter Per day water consumption for green belt = 3.50 KLD Now expenses for 3.50 KLD water for green belt will be = 78.75 Rs./Day, hence for 240 days = 18,900/- 3 Caretaker 1 No. for 12 month @ 1x5,000/month - 60,000.00 4 Miscellaneous expenditures (soil, manure/fertilizer etc.) - 2,000.00 Total 1,00,000 81,000

10.7.2. Suggested plant species for green belt The plantation within the green belt should be heterogeneous in composition following native plants in a mixed composition are suggested for green belt.

Table No. 10.7: List of plants suggested for green belt Sr. No. Botanical name Family Common name 1 Cassia fistula Ceasalpiniaceae Bahava 2 Bombax ceiba Bombacaceae Sawar 3 Asltonia shcolaris Apocynaceae Saptaparni 4 Macaranga peltata Euphorbiaceae Chandwar 5 Schleichera oleosa Sapindaceae Kususm 6 Microcos paniculata Tiliaceae Shirali 7 Terminalia elliptica Combretaceae Ain 8 Terminalia paniculata Combretaceae Kindal 9 Terminalia bellirica Combretaceae Baheda 10 Cordia dichotoma Boraginacea Shelu 11 Helicteres isora Sterculiacea Murudsheng 12 Holoptelea integrifolia Ulmaceae Ainasadada 13 Butea monosperma Fabaceae Palash 14 Oroxylum indiccum Bignoniaceae Tetu 15 Erythrina sunberosa Fabaceae Pangara 16 Azadirachta indica Meliaceae Kadulimb 17 Dalbergia sissoo Fabaceae Shisham 18 Trema orientalis Cannabaceae Ghol 19 Callicarpa tomentosa Verbenaceae Aiser 20 Neolamarckia cadamba Rubiaceae Kadamba

10.8 Action plan for rain water harvesting measures at plant site Rainwater harvesting is a technique used for collecting, storing, and using rainwater for landscape irrigation and other uses. The rainwater is collected from various hard surfaces such as roof tops and/or other types of manmade above ground hard surfaces. Company will built-

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EE/EIA/F/IND/GI/001/2019-20/00 Chapter 10: Environmental Management Plan up a rain water harvesting system for collection of rain water, the collected rain water will be utilized for recharge of ground water during rainy season.

The total budgetary allocation as capital investment and recurring cost for rain water harvesting system is 3 lakh & 0.5 lakh respectively.

Amount of Rain water collected (Approx):

= Rainfall (mm/Day) X Roof Area (sq.m.) X 0.9 (Run off Coefficient)

= 10 X 400 X 0.9 = 3600 Lit/Day

The rainwater harvesting tank of 10 KL capacity will be provided to harvest rainwater from rooftop, the collected water will be utilize for domestic activity as well as in process.

10.9 Storm Water Management In developed area like Industrial estate or company premises, impervious surface such as pavements in factory premises prevents precipitation from naturally soaking to the ground, instead of that water runs into storm drains. Managing the quantity and quality of storm water is termed, "Storm water Management."

Storm water quantity can be estimated by three methods.

1. SCS Technique: Curve number method of USDA

2. Commercial Software: Storm water management model (SWMM) or STORM

3. Rational Method.

In this section of the report rational method will be used to quantify the amount of storm water run off per hour in the plant premises.

Rational Method

Q = 10 CiA

Q= Runoff in m3/hr

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C = Coefficient of runoff i = intensity of rainfall in mm/hr

A = Area of drainage in hectares.

Q = 10 x 0.9 x 0.41 x 0.1655

Q = 0.61 m3/hr

Conclusion:

The maximum water that can be received during rainy season on the plant is calculated to be around 0.61 m3/hr. Hence for proper surface runoff management, internal storm water drains of adequate capacity will be developed within plant.

10.10 CER Activity Project undertaking environmental responsibility is not a business posture, but is the result of market economy development in some stage, is the inner demand of enterprise and self- conscious action. Environmental responsibility has become a new competition after the talent, technology and management, is the important variable effected enterprise sustainable development, true sustainable and build up harmonious society through undertaking social responsibility.

Since the project comes under MIDC area no public hearing was carried out. For development & improvement in socio economic condition company will make provisions for fixed budgetary allocation for social commitment as a part of social responsibility.

After accomplishment of the proposed project, company is willing do following ESC activities:

• Initiatives for clean environment in the nearby areas under Swachh Bharat Abhiyan. • Plantation drives in the rural areas • Free medical check-up camp for nearby residents once a year. • Donation to economically backward patients to avail expensive medical facility. • Donate school stationary to needy students in nearby villages.

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10.10.1 Action Plan for CER Activity In order to carry out the CER activity would provide solar panels & lights to the nearby School or college in Dhule.

Company proposed to carry CER activity by developing greenbelt and providing basic amities to Dhule Government Rular Hospital etc. The detailed action plan for CER activity is as follows;

Table No. 10.8: List of CER Activity Cost of Cost in Proposed INR for the Year of Activity Cost Estimate in INR Project in CER Implementation INR Activity Providing basic amenities to the ZP School Dhangarwadi as 2022 3,00,000/- under: 4.99 Cr. is the 9.98 Lacs Solar Panles and Lights Project Cost. Providing Greenbelt and Solar 2021 lights to Primary Health Center 6,98,000/- Raaver.

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10.11 Occupational Health The objective of occupational health environment is to provide safe working environment to the employees of the company. Good occupational health management keeps workers physical conditions healthy or non-deteriorating in work environment which keeps the worker physically and psychologically sound. It results in

1) High productivity 2) Improved work efficiency 3) Work satisfaction 4) Less medical expenses toward employees thereby less recurring cost.

The company has planned all the necessary control measures to prevent air pollution, water pollution and degradation of soil in the project surrounding areas. Since all the pollution control measures are planned. Minor accidents, noise, poor ventilation and accidental chemical exposure are the only possible occupational health hazards from the manufacturing activities. For the prevention of it, the company will educate the operators and workers for the safety rules, procedure and preventive measures and to use personnel protective measures.

Company has provided Personal Protective Equipments (PPEs) to their all workers, while periodic medical health checkup as Occupational Health & Safety measures is being carried out.

Company will recruit additional 50 no. of workers, and 10 Lac will be spent as Occupational Health & Safety measures for them.

10. 12 Corporate Environmental Policy Company has developed Environment Health Safety Policy considering the following aspects:

➢ To ensure continual improvement of effectiveness of the Environmental Management System ➢ To be responsible for care of environment by promoting Environmental Awareness, Complying applicable Environmental Regulations ➢ To endeavor for Prevention of pollution in all aspects of operations ➢ To endeavor for maximum conservation of resources

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➢ To endeavor for maximum, recycle & reuse

10.12.1 Procedure for reporting accident/incident and attending the injured person 1.0 PROCEDURE

1.1 If any accident / incident occurred inform Safety Assistant immediately by verbal/telephone or by other possible means.

1.2 Give the details of accident/incident like location of accident / incident, person involved in accident/incident.

1.3 Provide the information about accident/incident like any leakages of toxic/flammable gas or fire due to leakages of solvent or any other reasons.

1.4 Rescue the victim from affected area to safe area.

1.5 Give first aid to the injured at site as far as possible by trained first aider if required & analyze the nature of injury whether minor or major. If injury is major or serious take action to hospitalize.

1.6 Give intimation to safety supervisor & safety dept. at the earliest by verbal/ telephone or by any other possible means.

1.7 Identify injury & accordingly send injured person to hospital for further treatment if required.

1.8 Fill the internal accident / incident report form (in triplicate) & submit to EHS Department immediately or at the most on following day of the occurrence of accident /incident.

1.9 Safety officer shall analyze the accident / incident & suggest the remedial measures to prevent reoccurrences.

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10.12.2 System of reporting of non compliance /violations of environmental norms to the Board of Directors of the company and/or shareholders or stakeholders at large. Company will develop a system of reporting non compliance/violations of environmental norms in the following manner:

In case of Non compliance, the lower officer will report to the plant in-charge. The plant in- charge will report to the company vice president. To close the non compliance board seating will be called in which the action plans to attend the non compliance will be discussed. After discussion the board resolution will be passed which should be implemented in a time bounded manner.

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Chapter 11 – Summary & Conclusion

11.1. General M/s. Goga Industries is Green Field project; currently company has obtained Consent to Establish for manufacturing of Ayurvedic and Homeopathic medicine. Now, the company is going for manufacturing of Pesticides, Perfumery, flavours & Fragrance and Dyes & dyes intermediate at J-19, MIDC Avadhan, Tal. Avadhan, Dist. Dhule, State Maharashtra. Total production will be Pesticide 650 MT/A, Perfumery Flavors & Fragrance 787.50 MT/A, Dyes and Intermediate 1450 MT/A. Total Production capacity will be 2887.50 MT/A. Proposed project fall under schedule 5(b) and 5(f) Category ―A of the schedule of EIA Notification – 2006. The proposed project is in the notified industrial area of MIDC Avadhan. As per Office Memorandum No. J-11011/321/2016-IA. II (I) dtd 27th April 2018; the public consultation (PH) is not applicable to this project. Capital cost of project is Rs. 4.99 Crores. There is no litigation pending against the project and/or land on which the project is to be set up. EIA study has been conducted prior to commissioning of project and in accordance with the Terms of Reference (ToRs) Letter No. IA-J-11011/292/2019-IA-II(I) dated 3/11/2019 issued by MoEFCC, New Delhi. Compliance for the ToR has been briefed in the chapter. EIA chapters are prepared according to standard ToR and specific ToR for pesticide industries as well as per generic structure described in EIA Notification.

11.2 Project Description Proposed change in product for manufacturing of Pesticides, Perfumery, flavours & Fragrance and Dyes & dyes intermediate will be (Pesticide 650 MT/A, Perfumery Flavors & Fragrance 787.50 MT/A, Dyes and Intermediate 1450 MT/A) will be 2887.50 MT/A by M/s. Goga Industries at J-19, MIDC Avadhan, Tal. Avadhan, Dist. Dhule, Maharashtra. Co-ordinate of the project site is 20°49'55.98” N and 74°44'55.60"E. Total cost for the proposed project is Rs. 4.99 Crores. Total plot area is 1655.0 m2. Total water requirement will be 81.21 KLD after Source of Water Supply will be from MIDC. Total Connected Load will be 150 Kw. will be sourced from MSEDCL. Total manpower will be 30 Nos. Proposed utilities like Boiler (2.0 TPH), Thermic Fluid Heater (6 Lac Kcal/Hr X 2 No. (One on Standby mode), D.G. Set will be 160 kVA Capacity etc. 1.2 KLD generated sewage will be send to Septik tank. 35.44 KLD effluent will be treated in ETP of capacity 45 KLD which will be comprises of Primary, Secondary & Tertiary Treatment facility. Evaporator system 40 KLD capacities will be

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EE/EIA/F/IND/GI/001/2019-20/00 provided for treatment of HTDS effluent. Unit will be ZLD. Adequate stack height will be proposed as air pollution control device for flue gas emission. Water scrubber followed by Caustic scrubber will be proposed as air pollution control device for process emission. Management of wastes shall be done as per Hazardous and Other Wastes [Management and Transboundary Movement) Amendment Rules, 2016. HPM is/will conduct training/seminar on safety, emergency respond time, mockdrill, safety at workplace etc. on regular basis. Proposed project will be completed within 8-10 months after obtaining EC.

11.3 Description of the Environment Table No. 11.1 : Air quality summary Sr. No. Parameters Base line studies

Ambient Air Quality 1. PM10 49.2 – 57.1 μg/m3 2. PM2.5 22.7 – 25.6 μg/m3

3. SO2 13.3 – 18.8 μg/m3

4 NOx 20.6- 23.5 μg/m3

5. CO 0.06 to 0.18 mg/m3 Based on comparison study of results for tested parameters with NAAQS, it is interpreted that ambient air quality of studied locations is satisfactory with respect to PM10 and PM2.5. All the results of gaseous parameters are well within the limit. Considering the results of PM10 and PM2.5, it is suggested that proper air pollution control measures must be adopted by the industry.

1. Noise Level Monitoring

Table No. 11.2: Noise quality summary Sr. No. Noise Level Monitoring 1. Day Time (06:00 AM to 10:00 PM) 48.1- 59.7 (dB) A 2. Night Time (10:00 PM to 06:00 AM) 40.6 – 41.6 (dB) A Based on noise level data obtained during the survey for residential area and industrial area, it is interpreted that noise levels are within the standard norms prescribed by MoEF & CC. Looking towards the increase in noise generating sources it is suggested that there is need to apply noise reducing devices at noise generating sources and generate public awareness.

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EE/EIA/F/IND/GI/001/2019-20/00 2. Soil Quality Characteristics

• The soils are categorized as clay soil for all the locations. They have moderate to good water holding capacity (50.23 to 68.10 %) and porosity (51.24 to 66.81 %) but moderate drainage capacity as texture is clay. • The pH of the soil samples narrowly ranged from 7.41 to 7.94 during the study period. The soil EC also varied from 128.43 to 1739.06 µS/cm. These parameters indicate that soils are neutral to alkaline in reaction, saline • Among exchangeable basic cations predominance of calcium (21.22 to 64.90 meq/100 g soil) was seen followed by Mg (6.16 –21.47 meq/100 g soil), Na (0.12 to 0.40 meq/100 g soil) and K (0.18 to 0.67 meq/100 g soil). This shows that soils are high in nitrogen status.

3. Ground Water

• The concentration of heavy metals were below detection limit. Iron was detected in GW1, GW2 & GW3 which is below permissible limit. The hardness of all the ground water samples was found to be ranging between 155.7-191.7 mg/lit. The value of hardness was within the acceptable limit at all the locations.

• It can be observed that the values for total dissolved solids in all the sampling locations were estimated to be under the acceptable standards for drinking water. The concentration of total dissolved solids ranged between 317.3-474.2 mg/lit. The maximum concentration was observed at location GW2 whereas the minimum concentration was observed at GW5.

• It should be noted that the microbiological analysis of all the samples indicate that total coliforms was absent in all the ground water samples.

• The fluoride concentrations is ranging between 0.1 - 0.6 mg/l. The presence of the fluoride in all the water samples is mostly due to geogenic in nature. The nitrates concentrations were BDL in all samples.

• Thus based on the above results it can be stated that the water from the said samples can be considered fit for consumption and potable purpose with basic primary treatment. The water can be used for domestic utilization and gardening without any treatment.

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EE/EIA/F/IND/GI/001/2019-20/00 4. Surface Water

The results presented in the earlier section are discussed and concluded in this section. The values obtained are compared with the standards prescribed for the respective designated use of the water body as categorized in the earlier part of the study. The analysis helps to concluded that the pH of all the samples was found to vary between: 7.3 – 8.0. It should be noted that the values obtained were within the desirable limit for pH as prescribed by CPCB. The total hardness was observed to be ranging between 136.6 to 212 mg/l. The maximum value of hardness was recorded at SW7 and the minimum value was recorded at SW6. The concentration of Total Dissolved Solids was estimated in the range of 240 mg/l to 590 mg/l. The maximum concentration of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) was observed at SW7 whereas the minimum TDS concentration was observed at SW6. The Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) & Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) values were calculated to be in the range of BDL to 33 mg/l & BDL to 11.7 mg/l respectively. The presence of heavy metals like, Copper, Boron, Chromium, Zinc, were found out be below the detection limit for all the water samples. It should be noted that the iron content in all the samples of surface water bodies were within limit. Fluoride was detected in BDL in all samples. The nitrate concentration was observed to be in the range of 8.4 – 22.6 mg/l. Surface runoff from agricultural fields using the fertilizers can be the major source of nitrate. It should be noted that in case of the selected water bodies (SW-1 to SW-8) classified under category “B”.

5. Ecology and Biodiversity Based on field survey, total 153 plants species have been recorded, out of which 65 Tree species, 18 Shrubs species and 58 Herbs and 11 Climber species are identified in entire study area. Total 8 species of odonates, 7 species of bugs and 7 species of beetles have been reported during entire field visit from different habitats on project site. 23 species of butterflies found during the field survey which shows greater diversity of butterflies. 78 bird species were recorded in the study area, most of them around the water bodies and grassland. Mammals observed during field survey were eight species which are mostly common, no threatened taxa have been reported from proposed project site.

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EE/EIA/F/IND/GI/001/2019-20/00 6. Socio Economic

11.4 Anticipated Environmental Impact and Mitigation Measures

Through implementation of mitigation measures, suggested in this EIA report; company will be able to maintain the sustainability of environment. The summaries for how adverse effects will be mitigated, during operational phase are mentioned below in Table 11.3.

Table No. 11.3: Summary on Impacts and Mitigation Measures Environmental Summary on Impacts and Mitigation Measures Component Air Environment Company proposed to utilize stack of 30 meters’ height for their proposed activity. To cater with additional load of process emission, company will install water & alkali scrubber of 100 CFM capacity each. Water Environment It will be Zero Liquid Discharge plant. Therefore there will not be any adverse impact on aquatic environment. Noise Environment Dispersion of Noise will be controlled by providing acoustic enclosures to all noise generating equipment’s. Greenbelt will be developed to control noise propagation outside the factory premises. The health impact of noise will be mitigated by providing PPEs and adopting method of job rotation. Soil Environment The adverse effects on soil will be mitigated by providing ZLD system, paved HW/Slag storage area. The disposal of waste will be done as per HW management rule. Biotic Environment The project is located in MIDC area surrounded by residential area. However upmost precaution will be taken to avoid release of any toxic pollutant into the environment. Social Environment The adverse impacts of company operation on social environment will be mitigated by adopting all above stated measures. Apart from this, company will be committed towards development of Social environment by conducting CER activities and providing jobs to the locals.

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11.5 Analysis Of Alternatives (TECHNOLOGY & SITE) No alternative site has been proposed as the change in product will be carried out in existing plant premises of Goga Industries. Project site is situated in Notified industrial area of MIDC Avadhan. Alternative technology study has been conducted with respect to fuel, manufacturing technology etc. and best alternative has been suggested.

11.6 Environmental Monitoring Plan Post project environmental monitoring is/will be done as per MoEFCC/CPCB/RPCB guidelines by following recommended/standard method approved by MoEFCC/CPCB. Regular record review is being and will be done for change in financial requirement, parameter for environmental monitoring. Project proponent will take necessary precautions maintain the pollution load under permissible limit. Allotted Rs. 1.82 Cr. INR for Environmental Management Plan.

11.7. Additional Studies The project falls in the notified industrial area of Avadhan MIDC. As per Office Memorandum No. J-11011/321/2016- IA.II (I) dtd 27th April 2018; the public consultation (PH) is not applicable to this project. Risk assessment study has been conducted on hazardous chemicals stored at project site. Qualitative risk assessment study has been done for the solid, corrosive and toxic chemicals which are stored in drums and bags. Quantitave risk assessment study has been done on flammable and toxic chemicals which are stored in storage tanks at project site. Disaster Management Plan has been prepared by linking it to district disaster management plan.

11.8. Project Benefits

Proposed project will give major physical, social benefit and ecological due to development of infrastructure, generation of employment and by plantation. Proposed project would help in increasing living standard of the nearly populations/ habitants through CER program. Will upsurge the turnover of the company and dependency on foreign company for the pesticide products.

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EE/EIA/F/IND/GI/001/2019-20/00 11.9 Environmental Management Plan The main purpose of EMP is to minimize the identified potential environmental impacts to be generated from the proposed project and to mitigate the consequences. Regular water sprinkling will be ensured by Site supervisor to reduce PM concentration in the atmosphere. Regular maintenance of boiler, incinerator, D.G. Set etc. will be ensured by the Site engineer and tagging system will be implemented. 1.2 KLD generated sewage will be send to Septik tank. 35.44 KLD effluent will be treated in ETP of capacity 45 KLD which will be comprises of Primary, Secondary & Tertiary Treatment facility. Evaporator system 40 KLD capacities will be provided for treatment of HTDS effluent. Record keeping of all solid/ hazardous waste management statutory document will be ensured by EHS Supervisor. Noise level within the plant premises will be measured regularly and will try to maintain range within permissible limit. Various solvents like Toluene, Methanol etc. is/will be used at various stage of manufacturing process. Unit has well established solvent recovery system which is up to 99 %. Project proponent will be provided 7.0 Lakhs as a capital cost for Occupational Health & Safety. Goga Industries has proposed 2% of project cost towards Corporate Environment Responsibility (CER) i.e. Rs. 9.98 Lakhs based on the social need and environmental consequences. EMP cost for the proposed project will be 46.31 lakhs and O &M Cost of the project will be 182.5 Lakhs. Goga Industries will have Environmental and safety Management Cell (EMC) to co-ordinate the project activities concerned with implementation of environment control measures and management

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EE/EIA/F/IND/GI/001/2019-20/00 11.10 Conclusion It can be seen from the study that air emission due to proposed capacity project will less than 50 mg/nm3. Adequate stack height and control measures will be provided for proposed boiler. Zero effluent discharge treatment system is proposed for the unit. Ground water table will is not expected to be disturbed as no ground water withdrawal is proposed. Moreover, rain water harvesting system shall be provided. There will not be significant impacts of the unit on other environmental aspects such as meteorology, topography and geology, mineral resources, archaeology, cultural, religious and land use. On the contrary, the project will have positive impacts through contribution to improvement in socio economic environment.

Other component of environment such as soil, flora, fauna etc. would also not experience significant adverse impact as unit is already located in the designated industrial area. The conclusion emerging out of the EIA study suggests that the unit shall adequately take the control measures and high standard of mitigation efforts. It is therefore requested that necessary environmental clearance may be considered for the proposed capacity with appropriate stipulations.

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EE/EIA/F/IND/GI/001/2019-20/00 Chapter 12 – Disclosure of Consultant Engaged

12.1 INTRODUCTION

M/s. Jyoti Om Chemical Research Centre Pvt. Ltd. established in 1990 by woman entrepreneur Mrs. Hina C. Upasani, is well-equipped analytical laboratory for chemical analysis. It offers following services to various types of industries in general, and Chemical / Pharmaceutical, CETPS, solid waste sites, steel industries in particular.

The environment impact assessment report was carried out by the EIA team mentioned in table no. 12.1 with respective experience and qualification. TABLE 12.1 EIA TEAM MEMBER Sr. Name of Qualification Experience Sign No. Member 1 Dr. C. B. Upasani M.Sc.-Chemistry, 39 years Ph. D.-(Applied Chemistry), C.Chem. 2 Mrs. Hina C. M.Sc.-Chemistry, 38 Years Upasani Diploma- Environment Management

3 Mr. Kamlesh B.Sc.-Chemistry, 30 year Patel Diploma-Environment Management 5 Ms. Prerna Shah B.E.-Chemical, 7 years Certified Course of Industrial Environment Management 6 Mr. Vikisha B.E.-Environment 5 Years Patel

7 Mr.Vikas Patel B.E.-Environment 5 years

9 Mr.Anandkumar B.E.-Environmental 4.8 Years Pandey Science & Technology 10 Mr. Piyush B.E.- Chemical 4.8 Years Jamariya 11 Mr. Ramesh B.Sc. & M.Sc.- 3 Year Tarbundiya Biotechnology

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EE/EIA/F/IND/GI/001/2019-20/00 12 Mr. Pranav B.E.- Environment 3 Years Barad

13 Ms. Riddhi B.Sc.Chemistry 2 year Rathod

14 Ms. Nimisha B.E.-Environment 2 year Rana

15 Mr. Bhavesh B.E.-Environment 2 year Vagh

16 Ms. Archana M.Sc Environment 1.5 year Vasava Science

17 Ms. Artising B.E.-Environment 4.8 Years Kushvaha Advanced Diploma in Industrial safety 18 Ms. Hirva M.Tech - Environment 2.3 Years Umeshkumar B.E - Environment Salvi

Our associate for Air Pollution Monitoring & Control, Air Quality modeling & prediction is Dr. Khyati Chanana, Enviro Technologies, Vadodara

Our associate for safety& risk assessment for, Health & Hygine, Risk & Hazard is Mr. Prafful Kose.

12.2 SALIENT FEATURES

• Spread over 600 m2 plot with about 350 m2 built up area. • 1000sq.feet office space purchased at Vadodara for carrying out Climate Change work. • Well-equipped laboratory with instrument room, conference room, wet Analysis Lab room, microbiology laboratory, Air Analysis Laboratory, Library &Computer room etc. • Experienced and qualified staff. • Approved Testing House by Industries Commissioner, Gujarat Government. • Recognized as Environment Auditor by Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar. • ISO 9001-2015 Certified by TUV Austria. • NABL ISO/IEC 17025:2005 accreditation for water and Air parameters.

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EE/EIA/F/IND/GI/001/2019-20/00 • Trained for Cleaner Production Assessment by Department of Environment and Forest, Government of Gujarat under World Bank capacity building program. • Computerized testing facility. • Consultant to Gujarat Cleaner Production Centre, Gandhinagar for Cleaner Product Assessment. • Service provider to UNIDO, Vienna, Austria for Clean Technology Assessment. • Consultancy for EIA reports.

12.3 SERVICES PROVIDED BY THE CENTRE

• Analysis of chemicals, dyes and dye intermediates • Analysis of bulk drugs and intermediates • Analysis of water and waste water • Testing of environment samples – water, air, solid waste and soil • Trace analysis of chemicals in waste water • Environment auditing • Cleaner Production Assessment • Microbiological analysis of water • Clean Technology Assessment • Environment Technological Assessment (EnTA) • Environment Impact Assessment • Climate Change Consultancy • Environment consultancy • Environment clearance consultancy

12.4 OUTSTANDING ACHIVEMENTS

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EE/EIA/F/IND/GI/001/2019-20/00 1) Received Gujarat Cleaner Production Award for CP work at M/s. The Ankleshwar Poly Dye stuff Pvt. Ltd. on 5th June, 2006 from Chief Minister Mr. Narendra Modi.

2) Received contract from UNIDO, Vienna, for writing PDD and developing new methodology for sulphuric acid project.

3) Established demonstration unit FIRST TIME in INDIA of Plasma based hazardous waste destruction facility in collaboration with M/s. PEAT International, USA. Got approval from Central Pollution Control Board, New Delhi.

4) Engaged in creating cluster base recycling unit of spent sulphuric acid to pure sulphuric acid.

5) UNIDO, VIENNA has also assigned work to find out alternative Air oxidation technology in place of nitric acid oxidation technology to reduce Green House gas emission.

6) Clean Technology tie up with following companies:

i.) For recovery of sulphuric acid from spent sulphuric acid – M/S Aker Kvaerner Chemetics, Canada. ii.) Destruction of hazardous waste using Plasma Technology, PEAT International, USA. iii.) Catalytic Air Oxidation in place of Nitric acid oxidation, M/S Buss Chem Tech AG, Switzerland. iv.) CDM consultancy, BSS, Switzerland v.) Received contract from UNIDO, Vienna, for writing PDD and developing new methodology for Air Oxidation Technology. vi.) The organization wrote two methodologies and Project Development Document (PDD) and submitted to UNFCCC. The working committee of UNFCCC approved the methodologies. They are for recovery of sulphuric acid from spent sulphuric acid and substitution of incineration with Plasma Technology.

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EE/EIA/F/IND/GI/001/2019-20/00

12.5 STATUS OF NABET ACCREDITATION

The organization had Honorable High Court of Gujarat. Now applied for NABET and it is in process. Copy of the same is attached as Annexure-11.

12.6 DECLARATION BY CONSULTANT: An undertaking regarding the prescribed TOR have been complied with and data submitted in this EIA is factually correct. This is as per office memorandum of MoEF & CC dated 04/08/2009.

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