DOCSLIB.ORG

3. Wisconsin SNAP Leaders, Clergy Cover up Cases, Prominent in Historic Request by Victims Around the World to International Criminal Court at the Hague

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
3. Wisconsin SNAP Leaders, Clergy Cover up Cases, Prominent in Historic Request by Victims Around the World to International Criminal Court at the Hague 3. Wisconsin SNAP leaders, clergy cover up cases, prominent in historic request by victims around the world to International Criminal Court at The Hague In September of 2011 victim/survivors of childhood sexual assault in the Roman Catholic Church, including survivors from Wisconsin, made history by coming together from around the globe and demanding that the Vatican be held accountable for the worldwide systematic rape and sexual assault of children. Victim/survivors from the Survivors Network of Those Abused by Priests (SNAP) joined together with attorneys from the Center for Constitutional Rights (CCR) and formally filed a complaint with the International Criminal Court (ICC) in The Hague. The complaint requested that the court investigate and prosecute senior Vatican officials for crimes against humanity. Those officials include Pope Benedict XVI, Cardinal Tarcisio Bertone, Cardinal Angelo Sodano, and Cardinal William Levada. Watch news coverage of SNAP’s press conference at The Hague. Read an interview with Peter Isely concerning the court filing with the ICC. an in-depth article about SNAP leaders at the International Criminal Court Read SNAP Midwest Director Peter Isely The official court filing was accompanied by over 20,000 supporting in Milwaukee Magazine and watch documents which demonstrate that the four named Vatican officials a profile from ABC’s WISN TV. have overseen the widespread and systematic rape and sexual victimization of children across the world. Attorney Pamela Spees, with the Center for Constitutional Rights noted that “national jurisdictions can’t really get their arms around this…prosecuting individual instances of child molestation or sexual assault has not gotten at the larger systemic problem here”. Peter Isely, SNAP’s Midwest Director, was at The Hague when the petition was formally filed with the International Criminal Court. Isely stated “This is a systematic, criminal scandal; it requires a systematic criminal remedy”. Isely added that “This violence is enabled by a private hierarchy with global reach. The remedy must involve secular prosecutors with global reach, that’s why we’re formally asking the ICC prosecutor to investigate and then prosecute even a few of the prelates who are responsible for this continuing crisis”. Isely traveled throughout Europe reaching out to fellow victim/survivors, encouraging them to come forward to receive assistance and support, and to let them know of the historic filing at the ICC. Isely also met with and counseled fellow survivors in Belgium, Ireland, France, and Italy. He concluded his trip in Rome where he participated in a press conference with SNAP leaders and senior attorneys with the Center for Constitutional Rights. At the press event in Rome an impassioned appeal was made to anyone who might have information about criminal child sex crimes in the Catholic Church to come forward and report that information to the ICC. Attorney Vincent Warren stated “I wanted to make an appeal to anyone in the Vatican…a special plea for those who work in churches, or used to work in them, to come forward with the evidence”. Peter Isely asked that all evidence of child sex crimes be turned over to law enforcement, “Dioceses are compiling criminal evidence around the world and sending it to Rome. They say they have 4,000 cases and what are they doing with it? It should be handed over to law enforcement immediately. The pope could make the world safer for children with the stroke of a pen”. SNAP leaders held a press conference in Milwaukee to Read church documents concerning inform the local community of the complaint filed with Lawrence Murphy here. the International Criminal Court. SNAP Milwaukee Read church documents concerning leader Mike Sneesby stated “These people are Franklyn Becker here. responsible, we feel, for not pulling these priests out of ministry…for not letting children be raped anymore…as we uncovered more and more information we’ve seen that the Vatican knew about this”. The filing of over 20,000 documents with the International Criminal Court included criminal evidence from the archdiocese of Milwaukee. The court was presented with church documents detailing the criminal conduct of two of the archdioceses most notorious and prolific child sex predators, Fr. Lawrence Murphy, and Fr. Franklyn Becker. Murphy is believed to have sexually assaulted over 200 deaf children at St. John’s School for the Deaf. Internal church documents reveal that Vatican officials including Joseph Ratzinger, now Pope Benedict XVI was warned about Murphy’s sexual victimization of children in his care. Archbishop Weakland had written two letters to Ratzinger which were not responded to. Eight months later Cardinal Bertone instructed Weakland to begin a secret canonical trial. That trial was halted when Murphy wrote to Ratzinger asking for leniency. Vatican officials were also deeply involved in the case Watch footage of the Rome press of Franklyn Becker. Documents reveal that conference featuring SNAP Midwest Director archbishop Dolan waited nine months before taking Peter Isely. action against Becker, despite the fact that he was diagnosed as a pedophile. Cardinal Ratzinger, now Read coverage from SNAP’s press event in Pope Benedict XVI, waited one and a half years to Milwaukee announcing the court filing at the officially defrock Becker after he had been made ICC. aware of his assaults on children. The ICC was also provided evidence of the shredding of church documents, including evidence of child sex assault reports, which took place in the archdiocese of Milwaukee and the diocese of Green Bay. .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Membres Participants Du Synode Sur La Famille
    Membres participants du Synode sur la famille Voici la liste complète et définitive des participants à la XIV Assemblée générale ordinaire du Synode des Évêques (4-25 octobre): A. Les Pères synodaux selon la nature de leur mandat I. PRÉSIDENT Le Saint-Père II. SECRÉTAIRE GÉNÉRAL Le Cardinal Lorenzo Baldisseri III. PRÉSIDENTS DÉLÉGUÉS Le Cardinal André Vingt-Trois, Archevêque de Paris (France) Le Cardinal Luis Antonio G. Tagle, Archevêque de Manille (Philippines) Le Cardinal Raymundo Damasceno Assis, Archevêque d'Aparecida (Brésil) Le Cardinal Wilfrid Fox Napier, OFM, Archevêque de Durban (Afrique du Sud) IV. RAPPORTEUR GÉNÉRAL Le Cardinal Péter Erdö, Archevêque d'Esztergom-Budapest et Président de la Conférence épiscopale (Hongrie), Président du Conseil des Conférences épiscopales d'Europe V. SECRÉTAIRE SPÉCIAL Mgr.Bruno Forte, Archevêque de Chieti-Vasto (Italie) VI. COMMISSION POUR L'INFORMATION Président: Mgr.Claudio Maria Celli, Président du Conseil pontifical pour les communications sociales Secrétaire: Le P.Federico Lombardi, Directeur de la Salle de Presse du Saint-Siège VII. Des églises catholiques orientales Synode de l'Eglise copte ex officio: SB Isaac Ibrahim Sedrak, Patriarche d'Alexandrie Synode de l'Eglise melkite ex officio: SB Grégoire III Laham, BS, Patriarche d'Antioche élu: Mgr.Georges Bacouni, Archevêque de Akka Synode de l'Eglise syriaque ex officio: SB Ignace Youssif III L'Abbéma Younan, Patriarche d'Antioche Synode de l'Eglise maronite ex officio: SB le Cardinal Béchara Boutros carte Raï, OMM, Patriarche d'Antioche
    [Show full text]
  • John Krenson: Soldier, Deacon Criminal Justice at the Request of the U.S
    Mailing label First grade sweethearts — Page 13 ■ Couples learn to make love safe — Page 16 ■ Mission trip to Mexico a success — Page 26 A Voice of Tennessee Catholic Life since 1937 • February 13, 2004 Bishop releases local abuse statistics ASHVILLE. Seven priests serv- ing in the Diocese of Nashville N between 1950 and 2002 were credibly accused of the sexual abuse of minors, Bishop Edward Kmiec an- nounced in a letter to the people of the diocese. None of the priests remain in ministry, and all of the abuse took place prior to 1985. The Diocese reported that of the 378 ordained members of the clergy who served in the diocese between 1950 and 2002, seven, or 1.85 Letter percent of all clerics, from have been credibly ac- Bishop cused of abuse of mi- Kmiec Photo by Andy Telli nors and that 30 vic- tims have contacted page 3 the diocese. The dio- Virtual windows cese has paid a little more than Carolyn Darke, a parishioner at St. Francis of Assisi Church in Dover, is painting a mural depicting the $200,000 in counseling and charitable Crucifixion of Christ. The mural, painted to look like stained glass windows, will be mounted with the Crucifix assistance to victims. No parish money, on the wall behind the altar. Darke also painted eight windows for the church, which has no real windows. or funds given to the Bishop’s Steward- Please see story on page 15. ship Appeal or to the GIFT Capital Campaign were used for this purpose. This information was supplied to a national study of clergy sex abuse con- ducted by the John Jay College of John Krenson: Soldier, deacon Criminal Justice at the request of the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • How the Catholic Church Sexual Abuse Crisis Changed Private Law
    CARDINAL SINS: HOW THE CATHOLIC CHURCH SEXUAL ABUSE CRISIS CHANGED PRIVATE LAW MAYO MORAN* ABSTRACT For several decades now, the unfolding of the Catholic Church sexual abuse crisis has been front-page news. It has wreaked havoc on hundreds of thousands of lives, cost the Church billions of dollars, and done irreparable harm to a once-revered institution. Along the way, it has also helped to transform the all- important private law of responsibility. When the crisis began to break in the early 1980s, the few survivors who sought legal redress faced a daunting array of obstacles. Limitations periods alone had the effect of barring almost all child sexual abuse claims. Immunities also helped to shield the Church. Private law itself was generally hostile to institutional liability, particularly where the harm resulted from the criminal act of an individual. All of that has changed. Among the catalysts for change within private law, the Catholic Church sex abuse crisis looms large. The scale of the crisis and the universal nature of the Church were certainly both important factors, but so too was the Church's response. From the initial impulse to cover up instances of abuse to choices made in the legal and political arenas, it appeared willing to do almost anything to protect itself. Yet the Church had traditionally bene®ted from special treatment precisely on the ground that it was not an ordinary, self-interested legal actor. The tension between the Church's mission and its approach to covering up abuse began to attract notice. Courts and legislators were prompted to act.
    [Show full text]
  • Pdf (Accessed January 21, 2011)
    Notes Introduction 1. Moon, a Presbyterian from North Korea, founded the Holy Spirit Association for the Unification of World Christianity in Korea on May 1, 1954. 2. Benedict XVI, post- synodal apostolic exhortation Saramen- tum Caritatis (February 22, 2007), http://www.vatican.va/holy _father/benedict_xvi/apost_exhortations/documents/hf_ben-xvi _exh_20070222_sacramentum-caritatis_en.html (accessed January 26, 2011). 3. Patrician Friesen, Rose Hudson, and Elsie McGrath were subjects of a formal decree of excommunication by Archbishop Burke, now a Cardinal Prefect of the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signa- tura (the Roman Catholic Church’s Supreme Court). Burke left St. Louis nearly immediately following his actions. See St. Louis Review, “Declaration of Excommunication of Patricia Friesen, Rose Hud- son, and Elsie McGrath,” March 12, 2008, http://stlouisreview .com/article/2008-03-12/declaration-0 (accessed February 8, 2011). Part I 1. S. L. Hansen, “Vatican Affirms Excommunication of Call to Action Members in Lincoln,” Catholic News Service (December 8, 2006), http://www.catholicnews.com/data/stories/cns/0606995.htm (accessed November 2, 2010). 2. Weakland had previously served in Rome as fifth Abbot Primate of the Benedictine Confederation (1967– 1977) and is now retired. See Rembert G. Weakland, A Pilgrim in a Pilgrim Church: Memoirs of a Catholic Archbishop (Grand Rapids, MI: W. B. Eerdmans, 2009). 3. Facts are from Bruskewitz’s curriculum vitae at http://www .dioceseoflincoln.org/Archives/about_curriculum-vitae.aspx (accessed February 10, 2011). 138 Notes to pages 4– 6 4. The office is now called Vicar General. 5. His principal consecrator was the late Daniel E. Sheehan, then Arch- bishop of Omaha; his co- consecrators were the late Leo J.
    [Show full text]
  • Report on Key Findings in Correspondence Concerning Theodore E
    Report on Key Findings in Correspondence Concerning Theodore E. McCarrick “Follow the Path of Truth Wherever it May Lead” May 28, 2019 he former Cardinal Theodore E. McCarrick ordained me to the priesthood 25 years ago today. TI served as his personal secretary in the Archdiocese of Newark (September 1994 – June 1995) and also assisted him in a secretarial capacity during his many visits to Rome in my 19 years of ministry there. After long consideration, I have made the decision to place in the public domain some of the correspondence and other information related to McCarrick that I possess in my many years of service to him. I have spent time in prayer and discernment about the moral basis for revealing these. My decision follows attempts since September 2018 to share and discuss these with the Holy See and other Church leaders. Realizing full well that the debate about McCarrick has become highly politicized, I wish only to present facts that will help the Church to know the truth. From the outset of this report, I pledge my unswerving affection, loyalty and support for Pope Francis and his Magisterium in his tireless ministry as the Successor of Peter, as I manifested also to Pope Benedict XVI, grateful for their paternal solicitude and efforts to address the scourge of abuse. Indeed, my actions in releasing this report at this time are encouraged by the Holy Father’s motu proprio “Vos Estis Lux Mundi” (“You are the light of the world. A city set on a hill cannot be hidden.” Mt 5:14), based on the overriding principle that it is imperative to place in the public domain, at the right time and prudently, information that has yet to come to light and impacts directly on allegations of criminal activity, the restrictions imposed on my now laicized former Archbishop, and who knew what and when.
    [Show full text]
  • Palabras En Santa Misa De Acción De Gracias Con Ocasión Del 100° Aniversario Del Nacimiento Del Cardenal Raúl Silva Henríquez
    Palabras en Santa Misa de acción de gracias con ocasión del 100° aniversario del nacimiento del Cardenal Raúl Silva Henríquez Catedral de Santiago de Chile, 27 de septiembre de 2007. Fecha: Jueves 27 de Septiembre de 2007 Pais: Chile Ciudad: Santiago Autor: Mons. Ricardo Ezzati Andrello Eminentísimo Señor Cardenal Dn. Angelo Sodano, Decano del Sacro Colegio Cardenalicio Señor Cardenal Francisco Javier Errázuriz Ossa, Arzobispo de Santiago, Señor Cardenal Jorge Medina Estévez, Arzobispo Obispo emérito de Valparaíso Señor Nuncio Apostólico de S. S., Mons. Aldo Cavalli Mons. Alejandro Goic K, Obispo de Rancagua y Presidente de la Conferencia Episcopal de Chile, Señores Obispos, Señora Clementina, hermana de Don Raúl y miembros de su familia, Representantes de otras confesiones cristianas, Sacerdotes, Diáconos Permanentes, Religiosos y Religiosas, Consagrados y Consagradas, Hermanos y Hermanas Laicos. En esta hermosa Catedral de Santiago, donde tantas veces, haciendo eco a la Palabra de Dios, resonó fuerte la voz del Card. Raúl Silva Henríquez, y donde tantas veces lo hemos acompañado en su ferviente oración al Señor frente a las diferentes vicisitudes de la Iglesia y de la Patria, hoy hemos celebrado la Cena del Señor, sacramento de comunión, que nos hace uno en la fe y en la caridad y hemos proclamado la esperanza que nunca muere, la esperanza que no defrauda, encomendando el alma de don Raúl a la misericordia del Padre. Lo hemos hecho en el día en que recordamos los 100 años de su nacimiento y, mañana, los 100 de su Bautismo. En nombre de la Fundación que leva el nombre del Card. Raúl, deseo expresar mi sincera gratitud a todos.
    [Show full text]
  • Papal Transitions
    Backgrounder Papal Transition 2013 prepared by Office of Media Relations United States Conference of Catholic Bishops 3211 Fourth Street NE ∙ Washington, DC 20017 202-541-3200 ∙ 202-541-3173 fax ∙ www.usccb.org/comm Papal Transitions Does the Church have a formal name for the transition period from one pope to another? Yes, in fact, this period is referred to by two names. Sede vacante, in the Church’s official Latin, is translated "vacant see," meaning that the see (or diocese) of Rome is without a bishop. In the 20th century this transition averaged just 17 days. It is also referred to as the Interregnum, a reference to the days when popes were also temporal monarchs who reigned over vast territories. This situation has almost always been created by the death of a pope, but it may also be created by resignation. When were the most recent papal transitions? On April 2, 2005, Pope John Paul II died at the age of 84 after 26 years as pope. On April 19, 2005, German Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger, formerly prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, was elected to succeed John Paul II. He took the name Pope Benedict XVI. There were two in 1978. On August 6, 1978, Pope Paul VI died at the age of 80 after 15 years as pope. His successor, Pope John Paul I, was elected 20 days later to serve only 34 days. He died very unexpectedly on September 28, 1978, shocking the world and calling the cardinals back to Rome for the second time in as many months.
    [Show full text]
  • Cyprus President Received by the Pope.Doc.Pdf
    Cyprus President received by the Pope 1815:CYPPRESS:06 Cyprus President received by the Pope by Maria Koniotou Vatican City, Mar 27 (CNA) --- Pope Benedict XVI granted Friday an audience to Cyprus President Demetris Christofias at the Vatican City. President Christofias, who is paying Vatican an official visit, was received by the Pope earlier today. Initially, the two held a private conversation and were subsequently joined by their respective delegations. The Cypriot President offered the Pope a copy of an amphora of 750-600 B.C, found in the area of Goudi, which portrays a goat and a lion. Pope Benedict XVI offered President Christofias a golden Pontificate medal, which depicts the Pope, given to heads of states. Later on, President Christofias met with Secretary of State, Cardinal Tarcisio Bertone and Artchbishop Dominique Nanberti Secretary for Relations with State. During his visit with with Cardinal Tarcisio Bertone President Christofias extended an invitation to Pope Benedict XVI to visit Cyprus before visiting Israel in May. CNA has learnt that Cardinal Tarcisio Bertone noted that the Pope would like to pay an exclusive visit to Cyprus in due time. The issue will be further discussed. President Christofias and Cardinal Tarcisio Bertone discussed about the destruction of the cultural heritage in Cyprus by the Turkish occupation army, which occupies one third of the island’s territory since 1974. Cardinal Tarcisio Bertone said that the cultural and religious heritage in the occupied areas of Cyprus is part of the world cultural heritage and should be protected. Turks, he added, should show interest in preserving this heritage.
    [Show full text]
  • April 1, 2005 Vol
    Inside Archbishop Buechlein . 5 Editorial . 4 Question Corner . 11 Sunday and Daily Readings . 11 Serving the ChurchCriterion in Central and Souther n Indiana Since 1960 www.archindy.org April 1, 2005 Vol. XXXXIV, No. 25 75¢ Pope offers Submitted photo silent Easter blessing and sends faithful written message VATICAN CITY (CNS)—Pope John Paul II offered the city and the world his solemn Easter blessing in silence. Although the 84-year-old pope had a microphone on March 27 and mouthed the words of the blessing, the only sound heard was his deep, rasping breathing. Holy Week and Easter 2005 marked the first time since his 1978 election that Pope John Paul did not personally preside over the liturgies commemorating Jesus’ last sup- per with his disciples, his suffering, death and resurrection. In his annual Easter message, read by the Vatican secretary of state, Pope John Paul focused on how the risen Lord has remained among his disciples in the Eucharist and in the Scriptures. The disciples on the road to Emmaus said to Jesus, “Stay with us, Lord,” a request renewed each day by Christians around the world, the pope wrote. Sitting in the window of his apartment overlooking St. Peter’s Square, Pope John Paul turned the pages of his text as it was read by Cardinal Angelo Sodano. The pope underwent a tracheotomy on Feb. 24 to ease breathing difficulties. The Benedictine Father Carl Deitchman, pastor of St. Paul Parish in Tell City, baptizes Rebecca Daum during the Easter Vigil celebrated on March 26 at last time he spoke in public was March 13, St.
    [Show full text]
  • LETTER Rogatory)
    UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT for the EASTERN DISTRICT OF WISCONSIN JOHN DOE 16, Civil Action No.2: 10-cv-00346 RTR Plaintiff, REQUEST FOR INTERNATIONAL JUDICIAL ASSISTANCE vs. (LETTER ROGATORy) HOLY SEE (State of the Vatican City), JOSEPH RATZINGER, TARCISIO BERTONE, and ANGELO SODANO, Defendants. The United States District Comi for the Eastern District of Wisconsin presents its compliments to the appropriate judicial authority of the Holy See (State of the Vatican City), and requests international assistance to effect service of process to be used in a civil proceeding before this Comi in the above captioned matter. REQUEST This comi requests the assistance described herein as necessary in the interests of justice. The assistance requested is that the appropriate judicial authority of the Holy See (State of the Vatican City) effect service of process of the Amended Summons in a Civil Action, Complaint, and Celiified Translations on the below named individual. TARCISIO BERTONE Apostolic Palace 00120 Vatican City, Europe The appropriate judicial authority of the Holy See (State of the Vatican City) is requested to serve the above mentioned documents on the Defendant Tarcisio Belione as prescribed by the Holy See 's law for service in an action in the Holy See' s comiCs) of general jurisdiction; or, unless prohibited by the Holy See's law, by serving the Amended Summons in a Civil Action, Complaint, and Certified Translations on the Defendant Tarcisio Belione personally. RECIPROCITY In furtherance of justice and by the proper and usual process of this court, The United States District Court for the Eastern District of Wisconsin assures the judicial authorities of the Holy See (State of the Vatican City) that it is willing to provide similar cooperation and assistance to the judicial authorities of the Holy See (State of the Vatican City) in the event that the Holy See (State of the Vatican City) requests similar assistance.
    [Show full text]
  • The Holy See
    The Holy See AUDIENCE WITH THE COLLEGE OF CARDINALS ADDRESS OF THE HOLY FATHER POPE FRANCIS Clementine Hall Friday, 15 March 2013 Video Dear Brother Cardinals, The period of the conclave has been a momentous time not only for the College of Cardinals, but also for all the faithful. In these days we have felt almost tangibly the affection and the solidarity of the universal Church, as well as the concern of so many people who, even if they do not share our faith, look to the Church and the Holy See with respect and admiration. From every corner of the earth fervent prayers have been offered up by the Christian people for the new Pope, and my first encounter with the thronging crowd in Saint Peter’s Square was deeply moving. With that evocative image of the people gathered in joyful prayer still impressed on my memory, I want to express my sincere thanks to the bishops, priests, consecrated persons, young people, families, and the elderly for their spiritual closeness, so touching and so deeply felt. I want to express my sincere and profound gratitude to all of you, my dear venerable brother Cardinals, for your ready cooperation in the task of leading the Church during the period of the Sede Vacante. I greet each one of you warmly, beginning with the Dean of the College of Cardinals, Cardinal Angelo Sodano, whom I thank for his devoted words and his fervent good wishes addressed to me on behalf of all of you. I also thank Cardinal Tarcisio Bertone, Camerlengo of Holy Roman Church, for his attentive service during this transitional period, as well as our dear friend Cardinal Giovanni Battista Re, who led us during the conclave: thank you very much! My thoughts turn with particular affection to the Cardinals who, on account of age or ill health, made their contribution and expressed their love for the Church by offering up their 2 sufferings and their prayers.
    [Show full text]
  • June 5, 2009 Vol
    Inside Teaching life lessons Oldenburg Academy duo celebrates 20 years of coaching, Criterion page 7. Serving the Church in Central and Southern Indiana Since 1960 CriterionOnline.com June 5, 2009 Vol. XLIX, No. 34 75¢ Pro-life leaders condemn murder of abortion doctor WASHINGTON (CNS)—Pro-life advocates universally condemned the SS. Peter and Paul Cathedral photo by Sean Gallagher by photo Cathedral and Paul Peter SS. May 31 murder of a Kansas abortion doctor, with officials from several U.S. right-to-life groups saying such an extreme act only hurts the pro-life cause. Dr. George Tiller, 67, of Wichita, Kan., was fatally shot Cardinal Justin F. Rigali while serving as an usher at the city’s Reformation Lutheran Church during morning services, according to The Associated Press. Speaking on behalf of the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops, Cardinal Justin F. Rigali of Philadelphia, chairman of the bishops’ Committee on Pro-Life Activities, expressed profound Deacon Jeremy Gries Deacon John Hollowell Deacon Peter Marshall regret upon learning of Tiller’s shooting death. “Our bishops’ conference and all its members have repeatedly and publicly denounced all forms of violence in our society, including abortion as well as the misguided resort to violence by anyone opposed to abortion,” Cardinal Rigali said in a June 1 statement. “Such killing is the opposite of everything we stand for, and everything we want our culture to stand for: respect for the life of each and every human being from its beginning to its natural end. We pray for Dr. Tiller and his family,” he said.
    [Show full text]