DOCSLIB.ORG

Antony Van Der Ent Guillaume Echevarria Alan J.M. Baker Jean Louis Morel Editors Extracting Unconventional Resources Using Pl

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Antony Van Der Ent Guillaume Echevarria Alan J.M. Baker Jean Louis Morel Editors Extracting Unconventional Resources Using Pl Mineral Resource Reviews Antony van der Ent Guillaume Echevarria Alan J.M. Baker Jean Louis Morel Editors Agromining: Farming for Metals Extracting Unconventional Resources Using Plants Mineral Resource Reviews Series editor John Slack, Reston, VA, USA More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/11683 Antony van der Ent • Guillaume Echevarria • Alan J.M. Baker • Jean Louis Morel Editors Agromining: Farming for Metals Extracting Unconventional Resources Using Plants Editors Antony van der Ent Guillaume Echevarria Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation, Laboratoire Sols et Environnement Sustainable Minerals Institute UMR 1120, Universite´ The University of Queensland de Lorraine-INRA Brisbane, Australia Vandoeuvre-le`s-Nancy, France and Laboratoire Sols et Environnement Jean Louis Morel UMR 1120, Universite´ Laboratoire Sols et Environnement de Lorraine-INRA UMR 1120, Universite´ Vandoeuvre-le`s-Nancy, France de Lorraine-INRA Vandoeuvre-le`s-Nancy, France Alan J.M. Baker School of BioSciences The University of Melbourne Melbourne, Australia and Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation, Sustainable Minerals Institute The University of Queensland Brisbane, Australia and Laboratoire Sols et Environnement UMR 1120, Universite´ de Lorraine-INRA Vandoeuvre-le`s-Nancy, France ISSN 2365-0559 ISSN 2365-0567 (electronic) Mineral Resource Reviews ISBN 978-3-319-61898-2 ISBN 978-3-319-61899-9 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-61899-9 Library of Congress Control Number: 2017951729 # Springer International Publishing AG 2018 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland Preface Metallophytes (metal-tolerant plants) have been used for centuries to locate valuable metallic ore deposits (in fact as early as 1556 in Georgius Agricola’s De Re Metallica). A subset of metallophytes, those plants that accumulate extraordinary amounts of metals or metalloids within their living tissues, are called hyperaccumulators. Although first reported in 1865 in the zinc- hyperaccumulating Noccaea caerulescens, the reporting of the exceptional blue-green latex, containing 25 wt% Ni, in the endemic New Caledonian tree Pycnandra acuminata by Jaffre´ et al. 40 years ago, has really spawned scientific interest in these unusual plants. We have come a long way since then to find innovative uses for these plants. One such emerging technology is phytomining or agromining, which involves the cultivation of hyperaccumulator plants and harvesting their biomass to obtain particular metals or metalloids. Whereas phytomining describes the process of exploiting plants to obtain valuable elements, agromining refers to the full agronomic chain in using hyperaccumulator plants as ‘metal crops’. The process involves the farming of ‘metal crops’ on sub-economic deposits or industrial or mineral wastes to obtain valuable element(s) from their harvest biomass via the production of a ‘bio-ore’. The demand for critical metals, including rare earth elements (REEs), platinum group elements (PGEs), nickel and cobalt, is more under pressure in the twenty-first century as a result of resource depletion and geopolitical factors. Agromining is expected to be transformative in the extraction of unconventional resources of these elements not accessible by traditional mining techniques. This seminal book presents the complete chain of metal farming— ‘agromining’. It brings together for the first time individual contributions by active research scientists and practitioners currently engaged in funda- mental and applied aspects of hyperaccumulator plants. The emergence of the great opportunities they present has taken several decades for acceptance, a fact which is discussed in detail in the introductory chapter. Further chapters address the agronomy of ‘metal crops’, the latest developments in the processing of bio-ores and associated products, the current state of knowledge on the global distribution and ecology of hyperaccumulator plants, biogeochemical pathways involved in the basic processes, the influ- ence of rhizosphere microbes, as well as aspects of propagation and conser- vation of these unusual plants. It then summarizes the state of the art in new v vi Preface tools for hyperaccumulator discovery and in the understanding of their physiology and molecular biology. The opportunities for incorporating agromining into rehabilitation and mine closure strategies are presented and ecosystem service provision and life cycle analysis discussed. The possibilities for agromining nickel, cobalt, manganese, selenium, arsenic, thallium, REEs and PGEs are discussed in separate case study chapters. Finally, an overview concludes the book, looking ahead to the prospects for the development of agromining in the future. This book is edited and authored by pioneers in the field who have been at the forefront of the development of agromining over the past three decades. The book is timely, as agromining is now on a pivotal point in its develop- ment, with rapid expansion of activities in the field worldwide. As such, the book will be of significant interest to environmental professionals in the minerals industry, government regulators and academia. Nancy, France Antony van der Ent March 2017 Guillaume Echevarria Alan J.M. Baker Jean Louis Morel Contents The Long Road to Developing Agromining/Phytomining ...... 1 Rufus L. Chaney, Alan J.M. Baker, and Jean Louis Morel Agronomy of ‘Metal Crops’ Used in Agromining ............ 19 Philip Nti Nkrumah, Rufus L. Chaney, and Jean Louis Morel Processing of Bio-ore to Products ........................ 39 Marie-Odile Simonnot, James Vaughan, and Baptiste Laubie Life Cycle Assessment and Ecosystem Services of Agromining ......................................... 53 Marie-Noe¨lle Pons, Je´re´my Rodrigues, and Marie-Odile Simonnot Global Distribution and Ecology of Hyperaccumulator Plants ............................................. 75 Roger D. Reeves, Antony van der Ent, and Alan J.M. Baker Physiology and Molecular Biology of Trace Element Hyperaccumulation ................................... 93 Sylvain Merlot, Vanesa Sanchez Garcia de la Torre, and Marc Hanikenne Tools for the Discovery of Hyperaccumulator Plant Species and Understanding Their Ecophysiology .................. 117 Vidiro Gei, Peter D. Erskine, Hugh H. Harris, Guillaume Echevarria, Jolanta Mesjasz-Przybyłowicz, Alban D. Barnabas, Wojciech J. Przybyłowicz, Peter M. Kopittke, and Antony van der Ent Genesis and Behaviour of Ultramafic Soils and Consequences for Nickel Biogeochemistry ............................. 135 Guillaume Echevarria The Role of the Rhizosphere and Microbes Associated with Hyperaccumulator Plants in Metal Accumulation ........... 157 Emile Benizri and Petra S. Kidd Incorporating Hyperaccumulator Plants into Mine Rehabilitation in the Asia-Pacific Region .............................. 189 Peter D. Erskine, Gavin Lee, Bruno Fogliani, Laurent L’Huillier, and Ste´phane McCoy vii viii Contents Phytoextraction of Cadmium: Feasibility in Field Applications and Potential Use of Harvested Biomass ................... 205 Thibault Sterckeman and Markus Puschenreiter Element Case Studies: Nickel ........................... 221 Aida Bani, Guillaume Echevarria, Dolja Pavlova, Seit Shallari, Jean Louis Morel, and Sulejman Sulc¸e Element Case Studies: Cobalt and Copper ................. 233 Michel-Pierre Faucon, Olivier Pourret, and Bastien Lange Element Case Studies: Selenium ......................... 241 Maria Clemencia Zambrano, Linxi Yuan, Xuebin Yin, andGaryBan˜uelos Element Case Studies: Thallium and Noble Metals ........... 253 Brett Robinson and Chris Anderson Element Case Studies: Manganese ....................... 263 Chuan Wu and Shengguo Xue Element Case Studies: Arsenic .......................... 275 Tongbin Chen, Mei Lei, Xiaoming Wan, Xiaoyong Zhou, Jun Yang, Guanghui Guo, and Wen Cai Element Case Studies: Cadmium and Zinc ................. 283 Longhua Wu, Pengjie Hu, Zhu Li, Tong Zhou, Daoxu Zhong, and Yongming Luo Element Case Studies: Rare Earth Elements ............... 297 Chang Liu, Ming Yuan, Wen-Shen Liu, Mei-Na Guo, Hermine Huot, Ye-Tao Tang, Baptiste Laubie, Marie-Odile Simonnot, Jean Louis Morel,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Metrosideros.Pdf
    Riding the ice age El Nin˜ o? Pacific biogeography and evolution of Metrosideros subg. Metrosideros (Myrtaceae) inferred from nuclear ribosomal DNA S. D. Wright*†, C. G. Yong*, J. W. Dawson‡, D. J. Whittaker*, and R. C. Gardner* *School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, P.B. 92019 Auckland, New Zealand; and ‡School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University, Box 600 Wellington, New Zealand Edited by Peter H. Raven, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO, and approved January 10, 2000 (received for review August 17, 1999) Metrosideros subg. Metrosideros (Myrtaceae) comprises Ϸ26 The very small seeds of Metrosideros require wind speeds of species distributed widely across the Pacific basin. They occur on only 5–19 km per h to be lofted. The seeds can retain viability the ancient Gondwanan landmasses of New Zealand and New in temperatures of Ϫ30°C for at least 6 h and after seawater Caledonia, as well as on the volcanic islands of the remote immersion for more than 1 month (10). Carlquist (1) suggested Pacific, from Melanesia to tropical Polynesia and the Bonin that the more remote taxa had achieved long-distance dispersal Island. Phylogenetic analysis based on nuclear ribosomal DNA to the isolated islands of Oceania on high-altitude jet streams spacer sequences from all named species showed Metrosideros that traverse the tropical Pacific from west to east. The most umbellata of New Zealand as basal in the subgenus, with the recent speculation on the dispersal history of subg. Metrosideros remaining species falling into three monophyletic clades. One (6) points to New Zealand rather than New Caledonia as the includes the seven New Caledonian species together with three landmass of origin and suggests that Samoa is the secondary axis daughters in western Oceania that probably dispersed during of dispersal into remote Polynesia.
    [Show full text]
  • U·M·I University Microfilms International a 8Ell & Howell Information Company 300 North Zeeb Road
    Patterns of homoplasy in North American Astragalus L. (Fabaceae). Item Type text; Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Sanderson, Michael John. Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 10/10/2021 18:39:52 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184764 INFORMATION TO USERS The most advanced technology has been used to photo­ graph and reproduce this manuscript from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UIVn a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are re­ produced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand corner and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book.
    [Show full text]
  • Evolutionary Relationships in Eucalyptus Sens. Lat. – a Synopsis
    Euclid - Online edition Evolutionary relationships in Eucalyptus sens. lat. – a synopsis This article complements the introductory essay about eucalypts included in the "Learn about Eucalypts" section. Its aim is to provide an up-to-date account of the outcomes of research derived from different groups during the past 5 years relating to relationships within Eucalyptus s.s. As such it includes only those publications and hypotheses relating to higher level relationships of major groupings within the eucalypts. Some of the research reported below also provides insights into biogeographic relationships of the eucalypt group – in large part these are not the focus of this article and are not discussed in detail. Introduction The first comprehensive classification of the eucalypts was published by Blakely in 1934, in which he treated more than 600 taxa, building on earlier work of Maiden and Mueller. Blakely's classification remained the critical reference for Eucalyptus taxonomists for the next 37 years when a new but informal classification was published by Pryor and Johnson (1971). In this work the authors divided the genus into seven subgenera, and although of an informal nature, presented a system of great advance on Blakely's treatment. The small genus Angophora was retained. The next 20 years saw much debate about the naturalness of Eucalyptus and whether other genera should be recognized (e.g., Johnson 1987). Based on morphological data, Hill and Johnson in 1995 proposed a split in the genus and recognition of the genus Corymbia. This new genus of c. 113 species, comprised the ghost gums and the bloodwoods, and Hill and Johnson concluded that Corymbia is the sister group to Angophora, with the synapomorphy of the distinctive cap cells on bristle glands (Ladiges 1984) being unambiguous.
    [Show full text]
  • Genera in Myrtaceae Family
    Genera in Myrtaceae Family Genera in Myrtaceae Ref: http://data.kew.org/vpfg1992/vascplnt.html R. K. Brummitt 1992. Vascular Plant Families and Genera, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew REF: Australian – APC http://www.anbg.gov.au/chah/apc/index.html & APNI http://www.anbg.gov.au/cgi-bin/apni Some of these genera are not native but naturalised Tasmanian taxa can be found at the Census: http://tmag.tas.gov.au/index.aspx?base=1273 Future reference: http://tmag.tas.gov.au/floratasmania [Myrtaceae is being edited at mo] Acca O.Berg Euryomyrtus Schaur Osbornia F.Muell. Accara Landrum Feijoa O.Berg Paragonis J.R.Wheeler & N.G.Marchant Acmena DC. [= Syzigium] Gomidesia O.Berg Paramyrciaria Kausel Acmenosperma Kausel [= Syzigium] Gossia N.Snow & Guymer Pericalymma (Endl.) Endl. Actinodium Schauer Heteropyxis Harv. Petraeomyrtus Craven Agonis (DC.) Sweet Hexachlamys O.Berg Phymatocarpus F.Muell. Allosyncarpia S.T.Blake Homalocalyx F.Muell. Pileanthus Labill. Amomyrtella Kausel Homalospermum Schauer Pilidiostigma Burret Amomyrtus (Burret) D.Legrand & Kausel [=Leptospermum] Piliocalyx Brongn. & Gris Angasomyrtus Trudgen & Keighery Homoranthus A.Cunn. ex Schauer Pimenta Lindl. Angophora Cav. Hottea Urb. Pleurocalyptus Brongn. & Gris Archirhodomyrtus (Nied.) Burret Hypocalymma (Endl.) Endl. Plinia L. Arillastrum Pancher ex Baill. Kania Schltr. Pseudanamomis Kausel Astartea DC. Kardomia Peter G. Wilson Psidium L. [naturalised] Asteromyrtus Schauer Kjellbergiodendron Burret Psiloxylon Thouars ex Tul. Austromyrtus (Nied.) Burret Kunzea Rchb. Purpureostemon Gugerli Babingtonia Lindl. Lamarchea Gaudich. Regelia Schauer Backhousia Hook. & Harv. Legrandia Kausel Rhodamnia Jack Baeckea L. Lenwebia N.Snow & ZGuymer Rhodomyrtus (DC.) Rchb. Balaustion Hook. Leptospermum J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. Rinzia Schauer Barongia Peter G.Wilson & B.Hyland Lindsayomyrtus B.Hyland & Steenis Ristantia Peter G.Wilson & J.T.Waterh.
    [Show full text]
  • Supplementary Material Saving Rainforests in the South Pacific
    Australian Journal of Botany 65, 609–624 © CSIRO 2017 http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/BT17096_AC Supplementary material Saving rainforests in the South Pacific: challenges in ex situ conservation Karen D. SommervilleA,H, Bronwyn ClarkeB, Gunnar KeppelC,D, Craig McGillE, Zoe-Joy NewbyA, Sarah V. WyseF, Shelley A. JamesG and Catherine A. OffordA AThe Australian PlantBank, The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mount Annan, NSW 2567, Australia. BThe Australian Tree Seed Centre, CSIRO, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. CSchool of Natural and Built Environments, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia DBiodiversity, Macroecology and Conservation Biogeography Group, Faculty of Forest Sciences, University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany. EInstitute of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Private Bag 11 222 Palmerston North 4474, New Zealand. FRoyal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Wakehurst Place, RH17 6TN, United Kingdom. GNational Herbarium of New South Wales, The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia. HCorresponding author. Email: [email protected] Table S1 (below) comprises a list of seed producing genera occurring in rainforest in Australia and various island groups in the South Pacific, along with any available information on the seed storage behaviour of species in those genera. Note that the list of genera is not exhaustive and the absence of a genus from a particular island group simply means that no reference was found to its occurrence in rainforest habitat in the references used (i.e. the genus may still be present in rainforest or may occur in that locality in other habitats). As the definition of rainforest can vary considerably among localities, for the purpose of this paper we considered rainforests to be terrestrial forest communities, composed largely of evergreen species, with a tree canopy that is closed for either the entire year or during the wet season.
    [Show full text]
  • Combined Phylogenetic Analyses Reveal Interfamilial Relationships and Patterns of floral Evolution in the Eudicot Order Fabales
    Cladistics Cladistics 1 (2012) 1–29 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2012.00392.x Combined phylogenetic analyses reveal interfamilial relationships and patterns of floral evolution in the eudicot order Fabales M. Ange´ lica Belloa,b,c,*, Paula J. Rudallb and Julie A. Hawkinsa aSchool of Biological Sciences, Lyle Tower, the University of Reading, Reading, Berkshire RG6 6BX, UK; bJodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3DS, UK; cReal Jardı´n Bota´nico-CSIC, Plaza de Murillo 2, CP 28014 Madrid, Spain Accepted 5 January 2012 Abstract Relationships between the four families placed in the angiosperm order Fabales (Leguminosae, Polygalaceae, Quillajaceae, Surianaceae) were hitherto poorly resolved. We combine published molecular data for the chloroplast regions matK and rbcL with 66 morphological characters surveyed for 73 ingroup and two outgroup species, and use Parsimony and Bayesian approaches to explore matrices with different missing data. All combined analyses using Parsimony recovered the topology Polygalaceae (Leguminosae (Quillajaceae + Surianaceae)). Bayesian analyses with matched morphological and molecular sampling recover the same topology, but analyses based on other data recover a different Bayesian topology: ((Polygalaceae + Leguminosae) (Quillajaceae + Surianaceae)). We explore the evolution of floral characters in the context of the more consistent topology: Polygalaceae (Leguminosae (Quillajaceae + Surianaceae)). This reveals synapomorphies for (Leguminosae (Quillajaceae + Suri- anaceae)) as the presence of free filaments and marginal ⁄ ventral placentation, for (Quillajaceae + Surianaceae) as pentamery and apocarpy, and for Leguminosae the presence of an abaxial median sepal and unicarpellate gynoecium. An octamerous androecium is synapomorphic for Polygalaceae. The development of papilionate flowers, and the evolutionary context in which these phenotypes appeared in Leguminosae and Polygalaceae, shows that the morphologies are convergent rather than synapomorphic within Fabales.
    [Show full text]
  • Republic of Fiji: the State of the World's Forest Genetic Resources
    REPUBLIC OF FIJI This country report is prepared as a contribution to the FAO publication, The Report on the State of the World’s Forest Genetic Resources. The content and the structure are in accordance with the recommendations and guidelines given by FAO in the document Guidelines for Preparation of Country Reports for the State of the World’s Forest Genetic Resources (2010). These guidelines set out recommendations for the objective, scope and structure of the country reports. Countries were requested to consider the current state of knowledge of forest genetic diversity, including: Between and within species diversity List of priority species; their roles and values and importance List of threatened/endangered species Threats, opportunities and challenges for the conservation, use and development of forest genetic resources These reports were submitted to FAO as official government documents. The report is presented on www. fao.org/documents as supportive and contextual information to be used in conjunction with other documentation on world forest genetic resources. The content and the views expressed in this report are the responsibility of the entity submitting the report to FAO. FAO may not be held responsible for the use which may be made of the information contained in this report. STATE OF THE FOREST GENETIC RESOURCES IN FIJI Department of Forests Ministry of Fisheries and Forests for The Republic of Fiji Islands and the Secreatriat of Pacific Communities (SPC) State of the Forest Genetic Resources in Fiji _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Table of Contents Executve Summary ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….. 5 Introduction ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….. 6 Chapter 1: The Current State of the Forest Genetic Resources in Fiji ………………………………………………………………….…….
    [Show full text]
  • Myrtle Rust Reviewed the Impacts of the Invasive Plant Pathogen Austropuccinia Psidii on the Australian Environment R
    Myrtle Rust reviewed The impacts of the invasive plant pathogen Austropuccinia psidii on the Australian environment R. O. Makinson 2018 DRAFT CRCPLANTbiosecurity CRCPLANTbiosecurity © Plant Biosecurity Cooperative Research Centre, 2018 ‘Myrtle Rust reviewed: the impacts of the invasive pathogen Austropuccinia psidii on the Australian environment’ is licenced by the Plant Biosecurity Cooperative Research Centre for use under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Australia licence. For licence conditions see: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This Review provides background for the public consultation document ‘Myrtle Rust in Australia – a draft Action Plan’ available at www.apbsf.org.au Author contact details R.O. Makinson1,2 [email protected] 1Bob Makinson Consulting ABN 67 656 298 911 2The Australian Network for Plant Conservation Inc. Cite this publication as: Makinson RO (2018) Myrtle Rust reviewed: the impacts of the invasive pathogen Austropuccinia psidii on the Australian environment. Plant Biosecurity Cooperative Research Centre, Canberra. Front cover: Top: Spotted Gum (Corymbia maculata) infected with Myrtle Rust in glasshouse screening program, Geoff Pegg. Bottom: Melaleuca quinquenervia infected with Myrtle Rust, north-east NSW, Peter Entwistle This project was jointly funded through the Plant Biosecurity Cooperative Research Centre and the Australian Government’s National Environmental Science Program. The Plant Biosecurity CRC is established and supported under the Australian Government Cooperative Research Centres Program. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This review of the environmental impacts of Myrtle Rust in Australia is accompanied by an adjunct document, Myrtle Rust in Australia – a draft Action Plan. The Action Plan was developed in 2018 in consultation with experts, stakeholders and the public. The intent of the draft Action Plan is to provide a guiding framework for a specifically environmental dimension to Australia’s response to Myrtle Rust – that is, the conservation of native biodiversity at risk.
    [Show full text]
  • Summary Report on Forests of the Mataqali Nadicake Kilaka, Kubulau District, Bua, Vanua Levu
    SUMMARY REPORT ON FORESTS OF THE MATAQALI NADICAKE KILAKA, KUBULAU DISTRICT, BUA, VANUA LEVU By Gunnar Keppel (Biology Department, University of the South Pacific) INTRODUCTION I was approached by Dr. David Olson of the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) to assess the type, status and quality of the forest in Kubulau District, Bua, Vanua Levu. I initially spent 2 days, Friday (28/10/2005) afternoon and the whole of Saturday (29/10/2005), in Kubulau district. This invitation was the result of interest by some landowning family clans (mataqali) to protect part of their land and the offer by WCS to assist in reserving part of their land for conservation purposes. On Friday I visited two forest patches (one logged about 40 years ago and another old-growth) near the coast and Saturday walking through the forests in the center of the district. Because of the scarcity of data obtained (and because the forest appeared suitable for my PhD research), I decided to return to the district for a more detailed survey of the northernmost forests of Kubulau district from Saturday (12/11/2005) to Tuesday (22/11/2005). Upon returning, I found out that the mataqali Nadicake Nadi had abandoned plans to set up a reserve and initiated steps to log their forests. Therefore, I decided to focus my research on the land of the mataqali Nadicake Kilaka only. My objectives were the following: 1) to determine the types of vegetation present 2) to produce a checklist of the flora and, through this list, identify rare and threatened species in the reserve 3) to undertake a quantitative survey of the northernmost forests (lowland tropical rain forest) by setting up 4 permanent 50 ×50m plots 4) to assess the status of the forests 5) to determine the state and suitability of the proposed reserve 6) to assess possible threats to the proposed reserve.
    [Show full text]
  • Australian Nursery Industry Myrtle Rust Management Plan 2011
    Australian Nursery Industry Myrtle Rust (Uredo rangelii) Management Plan 2011 Developed for the Australian Nursery Industry Production Wholesale Retail Acknowledgements This Myrtle Rust Management Plan has been developed by the Nursery & Garden Industry Queensland (John McDonald - Nursery Industry Development Manager) for the Australian Nursery Industry. Version 01 February 2011 Photographs sourced from I&I NSW and Queensland DEEDI. Various sources have contributed to the content of this plan including: • Nursery Industry Accreditation Scheme Australia (NIASA) • BioSecure HACCP • Nursery Industry Guava Rust Plant Pest Contingency Plan • DEEDI Queensland Myrtle Rust Fact Sheets • I&I NSW Myrtle Rust Fact Sheets and Updates Preparation of this document has been financially supported by Nursery & Garden Industry Queensland, Nursery & Garden Industry Australia and Horticulture Australia Ltd. Published by Nursery & Garden Industry Australia, Sydney 2011 © Nursery & Garden Industry Queensland 2011 While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of contents, Nursery & Garden Industry Queensland accepts no liability for the information. For further information contact: John McDonald Industry Development Manager NGIQ Ph: 07 3277 7900 Email: [email protected] 2 Nursery Industry Myrtle Rust Management Plan - 2011 Table of Contents 1. Managing Myrtle Rust in the Australian Nursery Industry 4 2. Myrtaceae Family – Genera 5 3. Myrtle Rust (Uredo rangelii) 6 4. Known Hosts of Myrtle Rust in Australia 7 5. Fungicide Treatment 8 5.2 Myrtle Rust Fungicide Treatment Rotation Program 8 5.3 Fungicide Application 9 6. On-site Biosecurity Actions 9 6.1 Production Nursery 10 6.2 Propagation (specifics) 11 6.3 Greenlife Markets/Retailers 12 7. Monitoring and Inspection Sampling Protocol 12 7.1 Monitoring Process 12 7.2 Sampling Process 13 8.
    [Show full text]
  • Notes, Outline and Divergence Times of Basidiomycota
    Fungal Diversity (2019) 99:105–367 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-019-00435-4 (0123456789().,-volV)(0123456789().,- volV) Notes, outline and divergence times of Basidiomycota 1,2,3 1,4 3 5 5 Mao-Qiang He • Rui-Lin Zhao • Kevin D. Hyde • Dominik Begerow • Martin Kemler • 6 7 8,9 10 11 Andrey Yurkov • Eric H. C. McKenzie • Olivier Raspe´ • Makoto Kakishima • Santiago Sa´nchez-Ramı´rez • 12 13 14 15 16 Else C. Vellinga • Roy Halling • Viktor Papp • Ivan V. Zmitrovich • Bart Buyck • 8,9 3 17 18 1 Damien Ertz • Nalin N. Wijayawardene • Bao-Kai Cui • Nathan Schoutteten • Xin-Zhan Liu • 19 1 1,3 1 1 1 Tai-Hui Li • Yi-Jian Yao • Xin-Yu Zhu • An-Qi Liu • Guo-Jie Li • Ming-Zhe Zhang • 1 1 20 21,22 23 Zhi-Lin Ling • Bin Cao • Vladimı´r Antonı´n • Teun Boekhout • Bianca Denise Barbosa da Silva • 18 24 25 26 27 Eske De Crop • Cony Decock • Ba´lint Dima • Arun Kumar Dutta • Jack W. Fell • 28 29 30 31 Jo´ zsef Geml • Masoomeh Ghobad-Nejhad • Admir J. Giachini • Tatiana B. Gibertoni • 32 33,34 17 35 Sergio P. Gorjo´ n • Danny Haelewaters • Shuang-Hui He • Brendan P. Hodkinson • 36 37 38 39 40,41 Egon Horak • Tamotsu Hoshino • Alfredo Justo • Young Woon Lim • Nelson Menolli Jr. • 42 43,44 45 46 47 Armin Mesˇic´ • Jean-Marc Moncalvo • Gregory M. Mueller • La´szlo´ G. Nagy • R. Henrik Nilsson • 48 48 49 2 Machiel Noordeloos • Jorinde Nuytinck • Takamichi Orihara • Cheewangkoon Ratchadawan • 50,51 52 53 Mario Rajchenberg • Alexandre G.
    [Show full text]
  • Synopsis of Storckiella Seem. (Fabaceae, Caesalpinioideae) With
    Synopsis of Storckiella Seem. (Fabaceae,Caesalpinioideae) with description of a new species and a new subspecies from New Caledonia Ivan C. NIELSEN Department of Biological Sciences, University of Aarhus, Ny Munkegade Building 540, DK-8000 Aarhus (Denmark) [email protected] Jean-Noël LABAT Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département Systématique et Évolution, USM 602/UMS 270 CNRS, Phanérogamie, case postale 39, 16 rue Buffon, F-75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) [email protected] Jérôme MUNZINGER Laboratoire de Botanique, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, BP A5, 98848 Nouméa cedex (New Caledonia) [email protected] ABSTRACT Notes on the morphological variation in New Caledonian Storckiella Seem. (Fabaceae, Caesalpinioideae) and a revision of the New Caledonian species are presented as well as a key to all four species of the genus. S. neocaledonica I.C.Nielsen, Labat & Munzinger is described as new and is characterized by having five to seven leaflets with obtuse and retuse apex, white to cream coloured petals, 10-14 stamens, and the ovary only puberulous in the proxi- KEY WORDS Leguminosae, mal part and along both sutures. S. pancheri subsp. acuta I.C.Nielsen, Labat Caesalpinioideae, & Munzinger is described as new and is characterized by its acute-acuminate, Storckiella , chartaceous to rigidly chartaceous leaflets, unlike subsp. pancheri which has New Caledonia, new species, obtuse and retuse, coriaceous leaflets. One species, S. comptonii Baker f. is new subspecies. reduced to synonymy under S. pancheri Baill. subsp. pancheri . RÉSUMÉ Synopsis de Storckiella Seem. (Fabaceae, Caesalpinioideae) et description d’une espèce et d’une sous-espèce nouvelles de Nouvelle-Calédonie.
    [Show full text]