EmbeddedEmbedded SystemSystem IntroductionIntroduction
ANDES Confidential WWW.ANDESTECH.COM Embedded System vs Desktop
Page 2 相同點 CPU Storage I/O 相異點 Desktop ‧可執行多種功能 ‧作業系統對於系統資源的管理較為複雜 Embedded System ‧執行特定功能 ‧作業系統對於系統資源的管理較為簡單
Page 3 SystemSystem LayerLayer
Application Application
Operating System Operating System
Firmware Firmware Firmware
Hardware Hardware Hardware
Desktop computer Complex embedded Simple embedded computer computer
Page 4 HardwareHardware ArchitectureArchitecture DesktopDesktop ComputerComputer SystemSystem HardwareHardware ArchitectureArchitecture
CPU
AGP Slot North Bridge Memory
PCI Interface
USB Interface South Bridge IDE Interface
System BIOS ISA Interface Super IO Port
Page 5 HardwareHardware ArchitectureArchitecture EmbeddedEmbedded SystemSystem ComputerComputer HardwareHardware ArchitectureArchitecture
ADC CPU SPI
Digital I/O ROM IIC
Host RAM Timers Computer UART Bus Interface Memory
Network Interface I/O
Page 6 What is the Embedded System?
Page 7 IntroductionIntroduction
Challenges in embedded system design. Design methodologies.
Page 8 EmbeddedEmbedded SystemSystem ??
•An embedded system is a special-purpose computer system designed to perform one or a few dedicated functions •with real-time computing constraints • include hardware, software and mechanical parts
Page 9 EmbeddingEmbedding aa computercomputer
Page 10 ComponentsComponents ofof anan embeddedembedded systemsystem
Characteristics Low power Closed operating environment Cost sensitive
Page 11 ComponentsComponents ofof anan embeddedembedded systemsystem
I/O Devices
Remote user Processing Units interface Comm. (microprocessors, link microcontrollers, Storage Media DSP’s, ASIC’s) Data server (e.g., CIM host) Local Local user memory interface
Page 12 EmbeddedEmbedded ProcessorProcessor
How To Design A Good Embedded Processor? Understand the functional requirements of the applications Know all the related design techniques • Software –C/C++ – Assembly • Hardware – Verilog/VHDL –PCB Select those features you want, and abandon those that you don’t need Evaluate the design, goal: either the fastest possible for future expansion reasons, or slowest possible for cost reasons
Page 13 TheThe processingprocessing unitsunits (1/2)(1/2)
Microprocessor vs. Microcontrollers Meeting the I/O needs Software development platform Operating system support Operating system popularity (e.g., Windows CE, Embedded Linux)
Page 14 TheThe processingprocessing unitsunits (2/2)(2/2)
DSP’s vs. generic processors Computation capability Dedicated hardware for sophisticated algorithms, e.g., FFT I/O capability Software development platform Multi-processor support
Page 15 ApplicationsApplications
Personal digital assistant Printer GPS Cell phone Automobile: engine, brakes, etc. Television Set-Top Box
Page 16 EmbeddedEmbedded SystemsSystems ConnectConnect YourYour LifeLife Consumer Electronics Domain
Media Center PC BT Keyboard & Mouse Digital Cable Ready TV Media Phone PC Media Player Cable STB ` DVD+PVR
Printer HDTV Camera
802.11 MP3 Game System IP Home Stereo Router Player
Network BT Stereo HS Storage Notebook PC Mobile Phone VoIP Phone
MAC
InternetPage 17 PC DomainANDES Confidential EmbeddedEmbedded SystemsSystems ConnectConnect YourYour LifeLife (cont.)(cont.)
Page 18 CharacteristicsCharacteristics ofof EmbeddedEmbedded SystemsSystems (1/2)(1/2)
Sophisticated functionality. Real-time operation. Low cost. Low power. Designed to tight deadlines by small teams.
Page 19 CharacteristicsCharacteristics ofof EmbeddedEmbedded SystemsSystems (2/2)(2/2)
Sophisticated functionality. Real-time operation. Low cost. Low power. Designed to tight deadlines by small teams.
Page 20 ThreeThree keykey embeddedembedded systemsystem technologiestechnologies
Technology A manner of accomplishing a task, especially using technical processes, methods, or knowledge Three key technologies for embedded systems Processor technology IC technology Design technology
Page 21 AnAn embeddedembedded systemsystem exampleexample ---- a a digitaldigital cameracamera
Digital camera chip CCD
CCD preprocessor Pixel coprocessor D2A A2D
lens
JPEG codec Microcontroller Multiplier/Accum
DMA controller Display ctrl
Memory controller ISA bus interface UART LCD ctrl
• Single-functioned -- always a digital camera • Tightly-constrained -- Low cost, low power, small, fast • Reactive and real-time -- only to a small extent
Page 22 ThankThank YouYou
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