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Embedded System Introduction.Pdf EmbeddedEmbedded SystemSystem IntroductionIntroduction ANDES Confidential WWW.ANDESTECH.COM Embedded System vs Desktop Page 2 相同點 CPU Storage I/O 相異點 Desktop ‧可執行多種功能 ‧作業系統對於系統資源的管理較為複雜 Embedded System ‧執行特定功能 ‧作業系統對於系統資源的管理較為簡單 Page 3 SystemSystem LayerLayer Application Application Operating System Operating System Firmware Firmware Firmware Hardware Hardware Hardware Desktop computer Complex embedded Simple embedded computer computer Page 4 HardwareHardware ArchitectureArchitecture DesktopDesktop ComputerComputer SystemSystem HardwareHardware ArchitectureArchitecture CPU AGP Slot North Bridge Memory PCI Interface USB Interface South Bridge IDE Interface System BIOS ISA Interface Super IO Port Page 5 HardwareHardware ArchitectureArchitecture EmbeddedEmbedded SystemSystem ComputerComputer HardwareHardware ArchitectureArchitecture ADC CPU SPI Digital I/O ROM IIC Host RAM Timers Computer UART Bus Interface Memory Network Interface I/O Page 6 What is the Embedded System? Page 7 IntroductionIntroduction Challenges in embedded system design. Design methodologies. Page 8 EmbeddedEmbedded SystemSystem ?? •An embedded system is a special-purpose computer system designed to perform one or a few dedicated functions •with real-time computing constraints • include hardware, software and mechanical parts Page 9 EmbeddingEmbedding aa computercomputer Page 10 ComponentsComponents ofof anan embeddedembedded systemsystem Characteristics Low power Closed operating environment Cost sensitive Page 11 ComponentsComponents ofof anan embeddedembedded systemsystem I/O Devices Remote user Processing Units interface Comm. (microprocessors, link microcontrollers, Storage Media DSP’s, ASIC’s) Data server (e.g., CIM host) Local Local user memory interface Page 12 EmbeddedEmbedded ProcessorProcessor How To Design A Good Embedded Processor? Understand the functional requirements of the applications Know all the related design techniques • Software –C/C++ – Assembly • Hardware – Verilog/VHDL –PCB Select those features you want, and abandon those that you don’t need Evaluate the design, goal: either the fastest possible for future expansion reasons, or slowest possible for cost reasons Page 13 TheThe processingprocessing unitsunits (1/2)(1/2) Microprocessor vs. Microcontrollers Meeting the I/O needs Software development platform Operating system support Operating system popularity (e.g., Windows CE, Embedded Linux) Page 14 TheThe processingprocessing unitsunits (2/2)(2/2) DSP’s vs. generic processors Computation capability Dedicated hardware for sophisticated algorithms, e.g., FFT I/O capability Software development platform Multi-processor support Page 15 ApplicationsApplications Personal digital assistant Printer GPS Cell phone Automobile: engine, brakes, etc. Television Set-Top Box Page 16 EmbeddedEmbedded SystemsSystems ConnectConnect YourYour LifeLife Consumer Electronics Domain Media Center PC BT Keyboard & Mouse Digital Cable Ready TV Media Phone PC Media Player Cable STB ` DVD+PVR Printer HDTV Camera 802.11 MP3 Game System IP Home Stereo Router Player Network BT Stereo HS Storage Notebook PC Mobile Phone VoIP Phone MAC InternetPage 17 PC DomainANDES Confidential EmbeddedEmbedded SystemsSystems ConnectConnect YourYour LifeLife (cont.)(cont.) Page 18 CharacteristicsCharacteristics ofof EmbeddedEmbedded SystemsSystems (1/2)(1/2) Sophisticated functionality. Real-time operation. Low cost. Low power. Designed to tight deadlines by small teams. Page 19 CharacteristicsCharacteristics ofof EmbeddedEmbedded SystemsSystems (2/2)(2/2) Sophisticated functionality. Real-time operation. Low cost. Low power. Designed to tight deadlines by small teams. Page 20 ThreeThree keykey embeddedembedded systemsystem technologiestechnologies Technology A manner of accomplishing a task, especially using technical processes, methods, or knowledge Three key technologies for embedded systems Processor technology IC technology Design technology Page 21 AnAn embeddedembedded systemsystem exampleexample ---- a a digitaldigital cameracamera Digital camera chip CCD CCD preprocessor Pixel coprocessor D2A A2D lens JPEG codec Microcontroller Multiplier/Accum DMA controller Display ctrl Memory controller ISA bus interface UART LCD ctrl • Single-functioned -- always a digital camera • Tightly-constrained -- Low cost, low power, small, fast • Reactive and real-time -- only to a small extent Page 22 ThankThank YouYou WWW.ANDESTECH.COM.
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