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Finnish Border Guard Instructions for Border Traffic in Accordance with the Government Decision of 12/06/2020
FINNISH BORDER GUARD INSTRUCTIONS FOR BORDER TRAFFIC IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE GOVERNMENT DECISION OF 12/06/2020 On 12 June 2020, the Government decided on the partial extension of internal border control and the restriction of external border traffic until 14 July 2020. These instructions issued by the Finnish border guard provide passengers with information on the changes that apply to permitted cross- border traffic as of 15 May. As of 15 June 2020, internal border control will be terminated for traffic between Finland and Norway, Denmark, Iceland, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania as well as for recreational boats between Schengen countries. The aforementioned traffic is unrestricted at all airports and in all ports, provided that the point of transport is open. All airports will be opened for passenger traffic, taking into account travel restrictions for internal and external border traffic. Until 14 July 2020, internal border control has been reinstated on the land border between Finland and Sweden; in air traffic with the exception of traffic between Finland and Norway, Denmark, Iceland, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania; and in waterborne traffic, with the exception of recreational boat traffic and regular ferry services between Finland and Norway, Denmark, Iceland, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. The following are permitted at internal borders where border control has been reinstated: return to Finland return traffic to other EU and Schengen countries or via them commuter traffic other essential traffic. Restrictions on border traffic will continue at external borders until 14 July 2020. The following are permitted at external borders: return to Finland return traffic to other EU and Schengen countries or via them removal of a third-country national from the country other essential traffic. -
Border Management Reform in Transition Democracies
Border Management Reform in Transition Democracies Editors Aditya Batara G Beni Sukadis Contributors Pierre Aepli Colonel Rudito A.A. Banyu Perwita, PhD Zoltán Nagy Lieutenant-Colonel János Hegedűs First Edition, June 2007 Layout Front Cover Lebanese-Israeli Borders Downloaded from: www.michaelcotten.com Printed by Copyright DCAF & LESPERSSI, 2007 The Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces FOREWORD Suripto, SH Vice Chairman of 3rd Commission, Indonesian House of Representatives And Chariman of Lesperssi Founder Board Border issues have been one of the largest areas of concern for Indonesia. Since becoming a sovereign state 61 years ago, Indonesia is still facing a series of territorial border problems. Up until today, Indonesia has reached agreements with its neighbouring countries related to demarcation and state border delineation. However, the lack of an unequivocal authority for border management has left serious implications for the state’s sovereignty and its citizen’s security. The Indonesian border of today, is still having to deal with border crime, which includes the violation of the territorial border, smuggling and terrorist infiltration, illegal fishing, illegal logging and Human Rights violations. These kinds of violations have also made a serious impact on the state’s sovereignty and citizen’s security. As of today, Indonesia still has an ‘un-settled’ sea territory, with regard to the rights of sovereignty (Additional Zone, Economic Exclusive Zone, and continent plate). This frequently provokes conflict between the authorised sea-territory officer on patrol and foreign ships or fishermen from neighbouring countries. One of the principal border problems is the Sipadan-Ligitan dispute between Indonesia and Malaysia, which started in 1969. -
Border Security Report
BORDER SECURITY REPORT VOLUME 24 FOR THE World’s border prOTECTION, MANAGEMENT AND SECURITY INDUSTRY MAY / JUNE 2021 POLICY-MAKERS AND PRACTITIONERS COVER STORY BUILDING BETTER BORDERS IN SOUTHeast ASIA SPECIAL REPORT AGENCY NEWS SHORT REPORT INDUSTRY NEWS An Unholy Alliance: Links A global review of the Fighting trafficking in human Latest news, views and between extremism and illicit latest news and challenges beings p.26 innovations from the trade in East Africa p.14 from border agencies and industry. p.59 agencies at the border. p.36 2 COMMENT contacts EU’s Southern Borders Under Growing Pressure In its monthly report Frontex has impact on this year’s upturn in migrant Editorial: estimated that the number of illegal numbers. Tony Kingham border crossings at Europe’s external Even when Standing Corps reaches E: [email protected] borders has reached 36,100 in the full strength, ten thousand sounds like first four months of 2021. About a third a lot, but if you divide that number into Assistant Editor: higher than a year ago. three or four working shifts, take away Neil Walker This report suggests that last year, routine days off, holidays, sickness, E: [email protected] irregular migration dropped due to paperwork and training courses, you travel limitations linked to the outbreak are probably left with only hundreds Design, Marketing & Production: of COVID. actually working at any one time, Neil Walker rather than thousands. E: [email protected] But given that illegal border crossings are not subject to COVID travel So, ten thousand doesn’t seem Subscriptions: restrictions, this may not be the whole that many, given the size of the EU Tony Kingham story. -
Practical Aspects of Cooperation Between the State Border Guard of Latvia and Federal Security Service Border Guard Service of Russian Federation
PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF COOPERATION BETWEEN THE STATE BORDER GUARD OF LATVIA AND FEDERAL SECURITY SERVICE BORDER GUARD SERVICE OF RUSSIAN FEDERATION Jekaterina Kuprijanova1, Juris Livdāns2 Iluta Arbidāne3 1 State Border Guard, Latvia, e-mail: [email protected] 2State Border Guard, Latvia, e-mail: [email protected] 3 Rezekne Academy of Technologies, Latvia, e-mail: [email protected] Abstract. One of the main State Border Guard priorities is to maintain and develop the state border guarding system, according to the European Union external borders requirements, by fulfilling the conditions of the Schengen acquis. Schengen acquis provides that international cooperation in the field of border security can have multilateral, bilateral and local dimensions. In this context, an agreements concluded with bordering countries on cooperation in the field of border management is an effective tool to strengthen border security (EU Schengen Catalogue, 2002). In research as methodology are used scientific literature in the field of international law, treaties and agreements, the law of the Republic of Latvia, the State border guard of the internal regulations and the State border guard of unpublished materials. The Republic of Latvia and the Russian Federation cooperate in the field of development and implementation of coherent measures for the border control. Cooperation with RF is executed based on treaties and agreements concluded, as well, maintaining contacts between competent representatives of both countries at various management levels. The extensive cooperation between neighbouring countries on maintenance of security at the border results in the elucidation of the incidents occurring at the state border and other relevant issues, at the same time providing stability and security at the common border. -
Travelling to Finland
TRAVELLING TO FINLAND Travelling to Finland eases with relaxed travel guidance as of 26 July 2021. Finnair as an airline no longer requires corona certificates on flights to Finland as of 12 July 2021. Published 18.09.2020Updated 07.07.2021 Travelling to Finland from EU and Schengen countries eases with relaxed travel guidance as of 26 July 2021. See more detailed instructions below. You will also find information on travel guidance for travel to Finland before 26 July 2021. Finnish authorities define the entry requirements to Finland. Finnair as an airline no longer requires corona certificates on flights to Finland as of 12 July 2021. Please note that travel restrictions are subject to change on a short notice. As a traveller you are always responsible for ensuring that you fulfill the requirements of your destination and possible transit country. You can check the current entry restrictions here. Are you travelling via Finland to another country? Read more here. TRAVELLING TO FINLAND UNTIL 11 JULY 2021 You are a Finnish citizen or permanent resident returning to Finland or you are travelling to Finland from another EU or Schengen country for business or other essential reason Finland still restricts travel from EU and Schengen countries where the coronavirus incident rate is above 25. Please ensure first that you are allowed to travel to Finland from Finnish Border Guard’s website. You can travel to Finland without quarantine or testing on arrival, when you fulfill one of the following conditions: You arrive from a low-risk country with the coronavirus incidence rate less than 25. -
Anniversary Publication
Ten Years of Europol 1999-2009 TEN YEARS OF EUROPOL, 1999-2009 Europol Corporate Communications P.O. Box 90850 2509 LW The Hague The Netherlands www.europol.europa.eu © European Police OfÞ ce, 2009 All rights reserved. Reproduction in any form or by any means is allowed only with the prior permission of Europol Editor: Agnieszka Biegaj Text: Andy Brown Photographs: Europol (Zoran Lesic, Bo Pallavicini, Max Schmits, Marcin Skowronek, Europol archives); EU Member States’ Law Enforcement Authorities; European Commission; European Council; Participants of the Europol Photo Competition 2009: Kristian Berlin, Devid Camerlynck, Janusz Gajdas, Jean-François Guiot, Lasse Iversen, Robert Kralj, Tomasz Kurczynski, Antte Lauhamaa, Florin Lazau, Andrzej Mitura, Peter Pobeska, Pawel Ostaszewski, Jorgen Steen, Georges Vandezande Special thanks to all the photographers, EU Member States’ Law Enforcement Authorities and Europol Liaison Bureaux for their contributions 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 7 I. Birth of an Idea, 1991-1998 11 1. Ideas behind Europol: Tackling International Crime 11 2. Maastricht Treaty: the ‘Founding Article’ 12 3. First Step: the Europol Drugs Unit 12 4. The Hague: a Fitting Location 13 5. Formal Status: the Europol Convention 14 6. European Union: New Members and a New Treaty 15 II. The First Years, 1999-2004 21 1. Facing the Challenges: Stabilisation and Consolidation 21 2. Changing Priorities, Flexible Organisation 24 3. Information Exchange and Intelligence Analysis: Core Business 27 4. The Hague Programme: Positioning Europol at the Centre of EU Law Enforcement Cooperation 34 5. Casting the Net Wider: Cooperation Agreements with Third States and Organisations 36 6. Europol’s Most Important Asset: the Staff and the ELO Network 37 III. -
Detention of Aliens and Their Placement in the Police Detention Facilities Apprehension, Arrest and Detention and the Right to R
apprehension. The official shall decide within twenty-four hours of the apprehension whether the Detention of aliens and their placement in the police detention facilities apprehended person is to be released or arrested. The apprehended person shall promptly be notified of the reasons for the apprehension. The detention of aliens refers to a procedure carried out on the basis of the Finnish Aliens Act. In 2011, 13% of the aliens detained based on the Aliens Act in Finland were asylum applicants. The Powers of a police officer to apprehend detention procedure only applied to 4% of those who applied for asylum in Finland. Where the prerequisites for arrest are fulfilled, a police officer may apprehend the suspect of an Detention is used only as a last resort and principally in relation to removal from the country. At that offence even without an arrest warrant, should the carrying out of the arrest otherwise be point, alternative interim measures are usually ineffective. The decision to detain an alien is made endangered. The police officer shall promptly notify an official with the power of arrest of the on a case-by-case basis, based on an overall consideration of circumstances. apprehension. The official shall decide within twenty-four hours of the apprehension whether the apprehended person is to be released or arrested. Efforts are made to keep the detention period as brief as possible. Detention is mostly used in order to secure a person’s removal from the country. Work has been done to enhance collaboration Arrest between various parties in the process. -
GMS Flash Alert 2021-042 Finland
2021-042 | January 28, 2021 Finland – COVID-19: Travel across Finland’s Borders Further Tightened On 22 January 2021, the Finnish government decided to tighten the restrictions on entry to Finland1. The new restrictions entered into force on 27 January and will remain in force until 25 February. According to the new rules, only essential travel for work is permitted between Finland and other Schengen countries. “Essential travel” constitutes work that is important for the functioning of society or for security of supply, that must be performed by a person or persons arriving from another country, and that must be carried out without delay. WHY THIS MATTERS The travel restrictions have had a considerable impact on travellers and employees moving between Finland and other countries. During the past several months, work-related entry from the Schengen Area has been possible by presenting proof of employment at the border check-point. However, now the new restrictions will limit entry for work purposes to essential work that is significant for the functioning of society or security of supply. Entry Based on Employment Restricted to Essential Tasks As of 27 January, permitted entry for work purposes across Schengen internal borders has been limited to essential work. Essential travel constitutes work that is important for the functioning of society or for security of supply and that must be carried out without delay. Entry requires a separate form2 from the employer to justify the reasons why the entry of an employee is essential and why the work must be performed without delay. The employee seeking to enter Finland is advised to present this form at the border check-point. -
Maryland Line 2013, State Partnership Edition
THE State Partnership Edition MarylandLINE Celebrating 20 Years with Estonia Celebrating 10 Years with Bosnia and Herzegovina OFFICIAL MAGAZINE OF THE MARYLAND MILITARY DEPARTMENT Inside this issue: 8 6 9 12 10 LINE 18 22 16 20 Feature Stories Capt. Adolphus Houck makes his way across a northern Estonia waterfall during the Erna Raid 2007 competition in norther 14tests Soldiers’ skills and endurance over six grueling days of competition. 6 Maryland celebrates 12 4 Maryland Guard partners with LINE partnerships: Estonia & Bosnia and Herzegovina On The Bosnia and Herzegovina for peace, security 8 State of Maryland signs 10 Estonian Air Force pilots Memorandum with Estonia deploy with Maryland 9 Adjutant General Hosts Bosnian On the cover: National Guard Deputy Minister of Defense 12 Maryland Guard trains Maryland 16 The Forgotten Front Estonian Air Force pilots 13 Estonian Border Guard 20 Special Forces in Estonia Cross of Merit 24 State Partnership Program THE 22 Sabre Strike 2013 Governor: Contributors: Martin O’Malley Lt. Col. Charles Kohler 1st Lt. Kristofer Baumgartner Maj. Wade Minami A Maryland Army National Guard Sol- Adjutant General: dier sight opposing forces during the Capt. Joseph Winter Erna Raid 2007 military event in north- Maj. Gen. James A. Adkins Military Department 2nd Lt. Jessica Donnelly ern Estonia Aug. 9, 2007. Maryland National Guard Staff Sgt. Thaddeus Harrington Public Affairs Office Staff Sgt. John Higgins The Ambassador and BiH Minister Design & Layout: Fifth Regiment Armory Spc. Loni Kingston of Defense signed a Memorandum of 29th Division St. Understanding confirming continued Assembled from past Baltimore, Md. 21201 Spc Kieth Muckler (AF) Staff Sgt. -
Border Wars the Arms Dealers Profiting from Europe’S Refugee Tragedy
BORDER WARS THE ARMS DEALERS PROFITING FROM EUROPE’S REFUGEE TRAGEDY Mark Akkerman Stop Wapenhandel www.stopwapenhandel.org Border wars | 1 AUTHOR: Mark Akkerman EDITORS: Nick Buxton and Wendela de Vries DESIGN: Evan Clayburg PRINTER: Jubels Published by Transnational Institute – www.TNI.org and Stop Wapenhandel – www.StopWapenhandel.org Contents of the report may be quoted or reproduced for non-commercial purposes, provided that the source of information is properly cited. TNI would appreciate receiving a copy or link of the text in which this document is used or cited. Please note that for some images the copyright may lie elsewhere and copyright conditions of those images should be based on the copyright terms of the original source. http://www.tni.org/copyright ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Thanks to Corporate European Observatory for some of the information on arms company lobbying. Border wars: The arms players profiting from Europe’s refugee crisis | 2 CONTENTS Executive Summary 1 Introduction: the EU war on immigration 3 Fueling the refugee tragedy: EU arms exports 6 EU response to migration: militarising the borders 9 – ‘Fighting illegal immigration’ – EUNAVFOR MED – Armed forces at the borders – NATO assistance – Border fences and drones – From Frontex to a European Border and Coast Guard Agency – Externalizing EU borders – Deal with Turkey – Selling militarisation as a humanitarian effort Lobbying for business 17 – Lobby organisations – Frontex and industry – Security fairs as meeting points EU funding for border security and border control 25 – Funding for (candidate) member states – Funding third countries’ border security – EU Research & Technology funding – Frontex funding for research – Future prospects for security research Which companies profit from border security? 34 – Global border security market – Frontex contracts – Major profiting companies – Detention and deportation Conclusion 43 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The refugee crisis facing Europe has caused consternation in the corridors of power, and heated debate on Europe’s streets. -
The University of Chicago Smuggler States: Poland, Latvia, Estonia, and Contraband Trade Across the Soviet Frontier, 1919-1924
THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO SMUGGLER STATES: POLAND, LATVIA, ESTONIA, AND CONTRABAND TRADE ACROSS THE SOVIET FRONTIER, 1919-1924 A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE DIVISION OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES IN CANDIDACY FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY BY ANDREY ALEXANDER SHLYAKHTER CHICAGO, ILLINOIS DECEMBER 2020 Илюше Abstract Smuggler States: Poland, Latvia, Estonia, and Contraband Trade Across the Soviet Frontier, 1919-1924 What happens to an imperial economy after empire? How do economics, security, power, and ideology interact at the new state frontiers? Does trade always break down ideological barriers? The eastern borders of Poland, Latvia, and Estonia comprised much of the interwar Soviet state’s western frontier – the focus of Moscow’s revolutionary aspirations and security concerns. These young nations paid for their independence with the loss of the Imperial Russian market. Łódź, the “Polish Manchester,” had fashioned its textiles for Russian and Ukrainian consumers; Riga had been the Empire’s busiest commercial port; Tallinn had been one of the busiest – and Russians drank nine-tenths of the potato vodka distilled on Estonian estates. Eager to reclaim their traditional market, but stymied by the Soviet state monopoly on foreign trade and impatient with the slow grind of trade talks, these countries’ businessmen turned to the porous Soviet frontier. The dissertation reveals how, despite considerable misgivings, their governments actively abetted this traffic. The Polish and Baltic struggles to balance the heady profits of the “border trade” against a host of security concerns shaped everyday lives and government decisions on both sides of the Soviet frontier. -
English Language Development Has Been the Education of Personnel Training Centre of the Then Visaginas Border in the Border Guard
OSCE Border Security and Managem ent National Focal Point Network Newsletter Issue 8 Education and Training Series October 2010 OSCE Border Management Staff College (BMSC) The OSCE Border Management Staff College (BMSC), hosted by Tajikistan, seeks to serve as a single point of knowledge delivery for international standards and best practices concerning all aspects of border security and management œ from strategy to technology. The College objective is threefold: to deliver a staff course for senior and middle level managers of the OSCE participating States‘ border security and management services, to function as an OSCE Research and Development Centre on border security and management issues, and to conduct OSCE outreach activities in the sphere of border security The AAB advises the College Principal on the core and management. curriculum, assists in identifying expert lecturers Launched on 27 May 2009, the BMSC has and contributes to the development of training conducted a number of training activities to materials. The first meeting of the Academic promote and support cross-border dialogue and Advisory Board was held in September 2010 to inter-agency co-operation. To date the BMSC has finalize the practical modalities of the first Staff conducted nine seminars and workshops for the Course. benefit of 152 participants from 17 OSCE To provide for a coherent approach in delivering participating States and Partners for Co-operation. best practices and using the most up to date Recently, 16 Afghan border police and four educational methodologies, the BMSC will customs officials participated in a seminar on convene a Consortium of National Border Security travel document security held at the BMSC.