Indian Journal Management Science

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Indian Journal Management Science EISSN 2231-279X Impact Factor(GIF): 0.376 ISSN 2249-0280 INDIAN JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCE Volume – III Issue – 3 July 2013 Volume I Issue 1 August 2011 EDITORIAL BOARD Editor-in-Chief Dr. V. S. More Rohaizat bin Baharun Ex-Dean Dept. of Commerce, Department of Management University of Pune, Pune Faculty of Management Director, Institute of Management & Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Research, Nasik (India) Yasser Mahfooz, PhD Department of Marketing, College of Business Administration, Associate Editors King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Dr. Saroj Dash Dr. Surendra Sisodia Edhi Juwono Perbanas Economics School for Management Mr. Abdul Rahman Information Systems, Indonesia Assistant Editors Ms. Swati Chauhan Dr.Mu.Subrahmanian Ms. Ashu Bhojwani Professor & Head, Department of Management Studies, Managing Editor Naya Engineering College, Chennai Dr. Arif Anjum (India) Prof. D. P. Singh Frequency : Delhi college of engineering, Quarterly-Four Issues Per Year Delhi Dr. Nafis Alam, Correspondence Address: School of Business, Indian Journal of Management Science , University of Nottingham, Malaysia S.N.21, P.N.24, Mirza Ghalib Road, Malegaon Nasik, Maharashtra – 423203 (India) Michael Sunday Agba, Contact: 0919764558895 Department of Public Administration, Email: [email protected] Federal Polytechnic, Website: www.scholarshub.net Nigeria. Impact Factor: The Global Impact Factor (GIF) provides quantitative and qualitative tool for ranking, evaluating and categorizing the journals for academic evaluation and excellence. This factor is used for evaluating the prestige of journals. The evaluation is carried out by Global Impact Factor, Australia. Disclaimer: The views expressed in the journal are those of author(s) and not the publisher or the Editorial Board. The readers are informed, editors or the publisher do not owe any responsibility for any damage or loss to any person for the result of any action taken on the basis of the work. © The articles/papers published in the journal are subject to copyright of the publisher. No part of the publication can be copied or reproduced without the permission of the publisher in any form. INDIAN JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCE (IJMS) EISSN 2231-279X – ISSN 2249-0280 INDEX PAGE SN TITLE NO. The Application of Effective Coaching Techniques in Designing a Coaching Plan for 1. Performance Improvement in Graduate Assistants 01-07 Tracie V. Cooper & Donovan A. McFarlane (USA) A Hybrid Data Mining Approach to Construct the Target Customers Choice 2. Reference Model 08-15 Shih-Chih Chen & Ruei-Jr Tzeng (Taiwan) The Used of it Balanced Scorecard to Build the Performance Measurement Model of Academic Information Systems (Case Study Academic Information System of Satya 3. 16-22 Wacana) Paskah Ika Nugroho, Prihanto Ngesti Basuki & Evi Maria (Indonesia) Increasing the Accountability of the Institution through the Whistle Blowing System 4. Jony Oktavian Haryanto, Yefta Andi Kus Nugroho, 23-33 Rizal Edy Halim & Rizal Edwin Manansang (Indonesia) Agricultural TFP and R&D Spending in Iran 5. Solmaz Shamsadini, Saeed Yazdani & Reza Moghaddasi (Iran) 34-41 Ranking Indian Domestic Banks with Interval Data – The Dea Application 6. Dr. T. Subramanyam & Dr. R.V.Vardhan (India) 42-47 The Effects of Financial Reporting Quality on Stock Price Delay & Future Stock 7. Return 48-52 Azam Pouryousof, Hilda Shamsadini & Mina Abousaiedi (Iran) Gold Price Movements in India and Global Market 8. Shaik Saleem, Dr. M. Srinivasa Reddy & Shaik Karim (India) 53-60 The Kerala Building and other Construction Workers Welfare Fund Board – Social 9. Impact on Members 61-70 Dr. Abdul Nasar VP & Dr. Muhammed Basheer Ummathur (India) A Study of Socio Economic Condition of Child Labour Engaged in Rag-Picking at 10. Silchar 71-78 Shima Das, Dr. Amit Kumar Singh & Bidhu Kanti Das (India) Stock Market Anomalies: Empirical Evidence from Weekend Effect on Sectoral 11. Indices of Indian Stock Market 79-85 Potharla Srikanth & P. Srilatha (India) Internet Banking: Does it Really Impacts Bank’s Operating Performance 12. 86-89 Rajni Bhalla (India) www.scholarshub.net Vol.– III, Issue – 3, July 2013 INDIAN JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCE (IJMS) EISSN 2231-279X – ISSN 2249-0280 1 THE APPLICATION OF EFFECTIVE COACHING TECHNIQUES IN DESIGNING A COACHING PLAN FOR PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT IN GRADUATE ASSISTANTS Tracie V. Cooper, Donovan A. McFarlane, Faculty Support Coordinator Adjunct Professor of Marketing, H. Wayne Huizenga School of Business Nova Southeastern University and Entrepreneurship Adjunct Professor of Leadership Studies, Nova Southeastern University, Bethune-Cookman University Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA Adjunct Professor of Business Administration, Broward College Visiting Professor of Management, Keller Graduate School – DeVry University Professor of Business Administration & Business Research, Fredrick Taylor University Faculty Blog Manager, Huizenga School of Business Director, The Donovan Society, LLC, USA. ABSTRACT This paper examines effective coaching techniques that could potentially be incorporated into a coaching plan to improve the performance of new-start graduate research assistants in an academic school and department at a university. From the perspective of a supervisory or managerial capacity, the authors play the role of the prospective “Coach” responsible for faculty support, and therefore attempt to meet the requirements of this office by working collaboratively through and with hired work-study graduate students who serve as graduate research assistants in an academic department and school at a university. The opportunity for coaching unfolds in the scenario where four new start graduate students from the schools of business and computer sciences are hired as research assistants in an academic department and must effectively meet the needs of the faculty in being able to competently perform several tasks related to research. Most of the tasks are already within the ability-scope of these graduate students. However, blending into their roles as newly hired employees and research assistants to the faculty support coordinator and professors in this department and school requires developing familiarization with organizational culture, process protocol, work study portfolio organization and competence in their new roles. This presents an opportunity for coaching using several techniques to address familiarization, competence, and motivational and work-process issues. Thus, examining the literature on effective coaching and coaching techniques, the authors in a coaching capacity will develop, design, and implement a Coaching Plan or program to address these competencies and work-needs-skills in this situation based on practical guidelines or recommendations of previous research. This paper describes this opportunity for effective coaching and presents relevant literature on coaching techniques and effectiveness, recommends a viable coaching plan and resolution to identify issues, and draws conclusion based on what constitutes success or effectiveness in real-life situations. Additionally, broader implications for coaching strategies and techniques applied to real problems, opportunities, or issues in organizational contexts and examined. Keywords: Coaching, Coaching plan, Coaching Techniques, International Coach Federation (ICF), Motivation, Performance. www.scholarshub.net Vol.– III, Issue – 3, July 2013 INDIAN JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCE (IJMS) EISSN 2231-279X – ISSN 2249-0280 2 Introduction: Coaching is becoming more and more important as a process and performance improvement method and approach in organizations across all fields. Coaching can be defined as “a process that enables learning and development to occur and thus performance to improve” (Parsloe, 1999, p.8). Coaching effectiveness is what is important in today’s organizations as coaching becomes both a corrective process and action to address performance, behavioral, and other issues across organizational boundaries, and more and more managers attune to the coaching process and its application. According to Parsloe (1999), “To be a successful coach requires a knowledge and understanding of process as well as the variety of styles, skills and techniques that are appropriate to the context in which the coaching takes place” (p. 8). Managers or supervisors must use effective coaching techniques that cater to individual and group, as well as organizations needs. The International Coach Federation [ICF] (2011) defines coaching as “partnering with clients in a thought-provoking and creative process that inspires them to maximize their personal and professional potential” (p. 1). This definition takes a service- provision or orientation to coaching, and coaching is in fact based on service-philosophy to individuals and organizations with the end result being to improve performance and productivity. Coaching is indeed a creative process and it is the responsibility of the coach to ensure that creative techniques or methods are used to address different coachee needs. Coaching is especially important in helping new hires or new organizational members to improve their present skills levels as they are coached by experienced organizational members and managers to perform important tasks effectively and efficiently to meet organizational goals. While this is the case, most application of coaching seems to be in contexts involving organizational members or employees with significant time onboard, but lingering problems that affect attitude and work morale; hence,
Recommended publications
  • Towards an Understanding of Employees of Color's Responses To
    Weakness in Numbers: Towards an Understanding of Employees of Color’s Responses to Organizational Research Efforts Vickie Cox Edmondson The University of Alabama at Birmingham Jodi Barnes North Carolina State University Gouri Gupte The University of Alabama at Birmingham ABSTRACT Employees of color have been reluctant to respond or to give candid responses when participating in organizational research, putting its validity at risk. In this literature review, we examine how employees of color’s assessment of and satisfaction with an organization‘s commitment to diversity affect their willingness to participate in organizational research efforts in multicultural organizations. Two general propositions are explored but not tested: (1) responding openly is of little or no utility to employees of color, and thus responding is of no genuine value, and (2) responding candidly could lead to adverse consequences for them. Introduction Organizational research is often designed to solve practical problems in the business environment such as assessment of needs, making policy decisions, long-range planning, communicating what is important to stakeholders, and gaining employee feedback. However, some employees refuse to participate in organizational research or will not provide candid feedback to effectual audiences during the process. Thus, management’s ability to adequately understand, evaluate, and improve the organization’s well-being and effectiveness by assessing the perceptions and attitudes of this primary stakeholder group is limited. Of central interest in this paper are the perceptions, beliefs and behaviors of employees of color toward organizational satisfaction surveys and like attempts to gather perceptual data in regard to competitive strategies. People of color have been reluctant to respond to organizational research – particularly organizational satisfaction surveys – (Birnbaum & Weston, 1974) or to do so with full candor.
    [Show full text]
  • Effects of Organizational Cynicism Occupational Commitment and Organizational Dissent on Knowledge Inertia
    Kalem Eğitim ve İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi 2021, 11(2), 389-413, doi: 10.23863/kalem.2021.175 Effects of Organizational Cynicism Occupational Commitment and Organizational Dissent on Knowledge Inertia Doç. Dr. Mustafa ÖZGENEL* İstanbul Sabahattin Zaim Üniversitesi, Eğitim Fakültesi, Temel Eğitim Bölümü, İstanbul / Türkiye, [email protected], ORCID: 0000-0002-7276-4865 Dr. Öğr. Üyesi Mehmet ÇETİN İstanbul Sabahattin Zaim Üniversitesi, İşletme ve Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, İşletme Bölümü, İstanbul / Türkiye, [email protected], ORCID: 0000-0001-9773-9714 Abstract As adaptation, flexibility, change, responsiveness, and agility increasingly become inevitable components of success; knowledge inertia stands as one of the most essential obstacles for contemporary organizations. Given the nature of their mission, knowledge inertia is specifically crucial for the effectiveness of educational organizations, yet it remains as an understudied concept that necessitates further efforts. This paper contributes to our understanding on the antecedents and the underlying mechanisms on how these antecedents yield to knowledge inertia via an original research model. We ran our analysis on the data from a total of 440 teachers working in public schools. Correlation analysis and structural equation modeling was used for testing the links between variables. Results of the path analysis indicate a significant positive direct effect of organizational cynicism on knowledge inertia, and negative direct effects on occupational commitment and organizational dissent. Both * Sorumlu Yazar. Tel: +90 (212) 692 89 53 Makale Tarih Bilgisi. Gönderim: 19.06.2021, KaBûl: 12.12.2020, Erken Görünüm: 25.02.2021, Basım: Aralık, 2021 © 2021. Kalem Eğitim ve Sağlık Hizmetleri Vakfı. Bütün Hakları Saklıdır. ISSN: 2146-5606, e-ISSN: 2687-6574.
    [Show full text]
  • Temporary Workers, Permanent Consequences
    Temporary workers, permanent consequences: Behavioral implications of triangular employment relationships by Catherine Elizabeth Connelly A thesis submitted to the School of Business in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Queen's University Kingston, Ontario, Canada August 2004 Copyright © Catherine Elizabeth Connelly, 2004 Abstract The modern workforce has changed dramatically from a generation ago; many workers can no longer anticipate permanent employment with a single organization. The proportion of workers who have a temporary employment relationship, and who find work through an intermediary, is increasing rapidly. However, despite this upsurge in intermediated temporary work, our understanding of the intricacies inherent in the resultant triangular employment relationship is limited. Of the areas that require further investigation, the effect of organizational justice on the behaviors of intermediated temporary workers is of paramount importance. However, at the present time it is unclear whether workers’ treatment in one context (e.g., their temporary firms or their client organizations) will affect their behaviors in another work environment (e.g., their client organizations or their temporary firms). As a preliminary step, new measures of organizational citizenship behaviors and counterproductive workplace behaviors (towards both temporary firms and client organizations) were generated from a series of interviews with current and former temporary workers and supervisors. These metrics, which are specifically relevant to intermediated temporary workers, were pre-tested in a survey to ensure their validity, and were then used in the final study. The final study was a survey administered to temporary workers affiliated with two branch offices of a large temporary firm. As expected, workers’ perceptions of their treatment in one context affected behaviors in that context.
    [Show full text]
  • The Impact of Dissent and Workplace Freedom of Speech on Employees’ Well-Being
    THE IMPACT OF DISSENT AND WORKPLACE FREEDOM OF SPEECH ON EMPLOYEES’ WELL-BEING A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the North Dakota State University of Agriculture and Applied Science By Blessing Ekene Okafor In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE Major Department: Communication June 2019 Fargo, North Dakota North Dakota State University Graduate School Title THE IMPACT OF DISSENT AND WORKPLACE FREEDOM OF SPEECH ON EMPLOYEES’ WELL-BEING By Blessing Ekene Okafor The Supervisory Committee certifies that this disquisition complies with North Dakota State University’s regulations and meets the accepted standards for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE SUPERVISORY COMMITTEE: Dr. Catherine Kingsley Westerman Chair Dr. Cheng Zeng Dr. Pamela Emanuelson Approved: June 21, 2019 Dr. Stephenson Beck Date Department Chair ABSTRACT This study examined the impact of dissent and workplace freedom of speech on employees’ well-being (subjective, psychological and workplace well-being). Data for the study were collected through an online survey distributed to employees of various organizations. The findings revealed that upward dissent was positively related to subjective well-being (consisting of life satisfaction, positive affect and negative affect), psychological well-being, workplace wellbeing, and workplace freedom of speech. Lateral dissent was positively related to negative affect, workplace well-being and negatively related to life satisfaction and positive affect. However, there was no relationship between lateral dissent and psychological well-being. Workplace freedom of speech was positively related to psychological well-being and workplace-wellbeing. Practical and theoretical implications are discussed. Keywords: dissent, workplace well-being, subjective well-being, psychological well-being, workplace freedom of speech iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First, I must thank my advisor and committee chair, Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Where Loyalties Lie: a Study of Workplace Dissent Through the Lens of Loyalty
    University of Northern Iowa UNI ScholarWorks Dissertations and Theses @ UNI Student Work 2013 Where loyalties lie: A study of workplace dissent through the lens of loyalty Katelyn L. Santy University of Northern Iowa Let us know how access to this document benefits ouy Copyright ©2013 Katelyn L. Santy Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uni.edu/etd Part of the Human Resources Management Commons Recommended Citation Santy, Katelyn L., "Where loyalties lie: A study of workplace dissent through the lens of loyalty" (2013). Dissertations and Theses @ UNI. 544. https://scholarworks.uni.edu/etd/544 This Open Access Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Work at UNI ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses @ UNI by an authorized administrator of UNI ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. WHERE LOYAL TIES LIE: A STUDY OF WORKPLACE DISSENT THROUGH THE LENS OF LOYALTY An Abstract of a Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts Katelyn L. Santy University of Northern Iowa May 2013 ABSTRACT This thesis studied organizational dissent through the lens of loyalty in order to examine the nuanced motivations of employees' choices to dissent. The goal of this work was to approach loyalty as a nuanced concept that provides a foundational motivation for employees' dissent. In order to understand the contextualized experience of dissent, I conducted individual interviews with 17 employees in the radiology department of a healthcare organization. I adopted a grounded theory approach to data analysis, yielding a series of major findings.
    [Show full text]
  • Reframing Strategic Inertia
    Reframing Strategic Inertia: The Politics of Innovation and the Case of GM Biotechnology A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Management William Lewis Essex Business School University of Essex January 2017 For my Parents Acknowledgements On the third rock from the Sun, careening through the cosmos, I have spent these last four years working on the following thesis. I have at times gone forwards, other times retraced my steps; I have gone down tangents and cul de sacs, and sometimes what felt like in circles, spirals both up and down. My supervisors, family and fellow researchers have most likely watched askance at my research rodeo – yet, we got here in the end, an end that will hopefully also be a beginning. Thank you all for your ineffable help, for taking time out of your own trajectories to motivate my own; it could not be more appreciated. Abstract Which innovations are accepted and which are rejected, and why, are at the heart of this thesis. The thesis focuses on the core concepts of the strategy discourse, and, with an approach drawing on Political Discourse Theory, frames orthodox approaches to organisational strategy as variations of a system that leads, ultimately, to stagnation. The contribution of this thesis is to identify the core concepts of strategy discourse, and a web of connections that govern them. The thesis makes a further contribution by critiquing the legitimacy of the current meaning of the core concepts, and the legitimacy of the web that dominates their combinatorial meanings. The thesis makes a final contribution by rearticulating the core concepts, imbuing them with new meaning, and in so doing proposing an alternative to orthodox organisational strategies, an alternative strategy that is less susceptible to stagnation, and more amenable to innovation.
    [Show full text]
  • Draft Dissertation
    Dissention in the Ranks—Dissent Within U.S. Civil-Military Relations During the Truman Administration: A Historical Approach by David A. “DAM” Martin B.A. in History, May 1989, Virginia Military Institute M.A. in Military Studies—Land Warfare, June 2002, American Military University M.B.A., June 2014, Strayer University A Dissertation submitted to The Faculty of The Graduate School of Education and Human Development of The George Washington University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Education January 19, 2018 Dissertation directed by Andrea J. Casey Associate Professor of Human and Organizational Learning The Graduate School of Education and Human Development of the George Washington University certifies that David A. “DAM” Martin has passed the final examination for the degree of Doctor of Education as of September 22, 2017. This is the final and approved form of the dissertation. Dissention in the Ranks—Dissent Within U.S. Civil-Military Relations During the Truman Administration: A Historical Approach David A. “DAM” Martin Dissertation Research Committee: Andrea J. Casey, Associate Professor of Human and Organizational Learning, Dissertation Director David R. Schwandt, Professor Emeritus of Human and Organizational Learning, Committee Member Stamatina McGrath, Adjunct Instructor, Department of History, George Mason University, Committee Member ii © Copyright 2018 by David A. Martin All rights reserved iii Dedication Dedicated to those who have Served honorably, Dissented when the cause was just, and paid dearly for it. iv Acknowledgments I want to thank my dissertation chair, Dr. Andrea Casey, for her outstanding advice and counsel throughout this educative journey. Thank you to my dissertation committee member, Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Crimes of Obedience and Conformity in the Workplace: Surveys of Americans, Russians, and Japanese
    Journal of Social! ssues. Vol. 51. No. 3, 1995. pp. 67-li8 Crimes of Obedience and Conformity in the Workplace: Surveys of Americans, Russians, and Japanese V. Lee Hamilton University of Maryland Joseph Sanders University of Houston Law Center One outgrowth of Milgram's (1974) research is the study of public opinion about obedience norms. Extending Kelman and Hamilton's (1989) research on crimes of obedience in the military, this article explores crimes of obedience and crimes of conformity in the workplace. Random samples of the residents of Washington, DC, Moscow, Russia, and Tokyo, Japan were pre.^ented four vignettes about organizational wrongdoing. Manipulations included the influence situation (au- tonomy, conformity, or obedience) and the actor's position in the hierarchy (.subordinate vs. midlevel authority). As expected, the actor's responsibility was greatest when he acted autonomously or was an authority. In addition, authori- ties were excu.ted less than subordiruites for having conformed or obeyed. Im- pacts of both influence situation and hierarchy were larger in Japan and Russia than in the United States. Introduction Milgram's obedience research raises questions not only about destructive obedience itself, but also about how members of the public think a p)erson should Research was supported by NSF grants SES-9113967 and SES-911.3914 (Law and Social Science Program). We could not have carried it out without the advice and collaboration of colleagues in Japan (Naotaka Katoh, Mikio Kawai, Haruo Nishimura, and Kazuhiko Tokoro) and Ru.ssia (Gen- nady Denisovsky, Polina Kozyreva, and Mikhail Matskovsky). We al.so thank Ralph Kuhn and Toshiyuki Yuasa for assistance with data management and analysis.
    [Show full text]
  • Investigating the Relationship Between Organizational Dissent and Life Satisfaction
    Universal Journal of Educational Research 5(4): 600-607, 2017 http://www.hrpub.org DOI: 10.13189/ujer.2017.050409 Investigating the Relationship between Organizational Dissent and Life Satisfaction Abidin Dağlı Department of Educational Sciences, Dicle University, Turkey Copyright©2017 by authors, all rights reserved. Authors agree that this article remains permanently open access under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International License Abstract The aim of this study is to investigate the practices of management. Dissent has an important role for relationship between organizational dissent and life protecting the individual rights and freedom as long as it satisfaction perceptions of public primary school teachers. doesn’t contain violence and destructive insult. It can occur This research is a descriptive study in relational survey when the ideal manager features are non-existent [4]. model. The sample consists of randomly chosen 200 primary Redding [2] argues that the dissent can stem from many school teachers who are working in Diyarbakır city center sources. The most important of these is the poorly given during the 2013-2014 academic year. “Organizational decisions of the organization’s managers. Those decisions Dissent Scale” which is developed by Kassing (2000) and can be unethical or against the law as well as being adapted from English to Turkish by Dağlı (2015) and “Life unproductive, useless or in a manner which teases the Satisfaction Scale” developed by Diener, Emmons, Larsen members. Hegstrom [5] denotes that the duties, and Griffin (1985) and adapted from English to Turkish by responsibilities of the members and discrimination for some Dağlı and Baysal (2016) were used for collecting data.
    [Show full text]
  • Ingwar Uaf 0006N 10178.Pdf
    Exploring relationships between employees' locus of control, individualism and collectivism orientation, and upward dissent message strategies Item Type Thesis Authors Ingwar, Nadia Ingerslew Download date 28/09/2021 13:39:17 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/11122/4564 EXPLORING RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN EMPLOYEES' LOCUS OF CONTROL, INDIVIDUALISM AND COLLECTIVISM ORIENTATION, AND UPWARD DISSENT MESSAGE STRATEGIES By Nadia Ingeslew Ingwar RECOMMENDED: Pet'tr A. DeCaro, Ph.D. Chair, Department of Communication APPROVED: ~-.A-.------~' EXPLORING RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN EMPLOYEES’ LOCUS OF CONTROL, INDIVIDUALISM AND COLLECTIVISM ORIENTATION, AND UPWARD DISSENT MESSAGE STRATEGIES A THESIS Presented to the Faculty of the University of Alaska Fairbanks in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS By Nadia Ingerslew Ingwar, B.A. Fairbanks, Alaska May 2014 Abstract This thesis investigated the relationships among individualism and collectivism, locus of control, and upward dissent. Students at a northwestern university were asked to complete a survey that measured the participants’ levels of individualism and collectivism, locus of control orientation, and self-reported use of upward dissent message strategies. As predicted, internal locus of control and individualism were significant positive predictors of upward dissent. Unexpectedly, however, external locus of control and collectivism were also significant positive predictors of upward dissent. The research questions concerned the ability to predict the use of particular
    [Show full text]
  • The Role of Workers in AI Ethics and Governance
    The Role of Workers in AI Ethics and Governance By Nataliya Nedzhvetskaya and JS Tan Abstract (250 words) While the role of states, corporations, and international organizations in AI governance has been extensively theorized, the role of workers has received comparatively little attention. This chapter looks at the role that workers play in identifying and mitigating harms from AI technologies. Harms are the causally assessed “impacts” of technologies. They arise despite technical reliability and are not a result of technical negligence but rather of normative uncertainty around questions of safety and fairness in complex social systems. There is high consensus in the AI ethics community on the benefits of reducing harms but less consensus on mechanisms for determining or addressing harms. This lack of consensus has resulted in a number of collective actions by workers protesting how harms are identified and addressed in their workplace. We theorize the role of workers within AI governance and construct a model of harm reporting processes in AI workplaces. The harm reporting process involves three steps: identification, the governance decision, and the response. Workers draw upon three types of claims to argue for jurisdiction over questions of AI governance: subjection, control over the product of one’s labor, and proximate knowledge of systems. Examining the past decade of AI-related worker activism allows us to understand how different types of workers are positioned within a workplace that produces AI systems, how their position informs their claims, and the place of collective action in staking their claims. This chapter argues that workers occupy a unique role in identifying and mitigating harms caused by AI systems.
    [Show full text]
  • Whistleblowing, Communication and Consequences
    Whistleblowing, Communication and Consequences Whistleblowing, Communication and Consequences offers the first in-depth analysis of the most publicized, and morally complex, case of whistleblowing in recent Scandinavian history: the Norwegian national lottery, Norsk Tipping. With contributions from the whistleblower himself, as well as from key voices in the field, this book offers unique perspectives and insights into not only this fascinating case, but also into whistleblowing and wrongdoing in organizations more broadly. An international team of scholars use 14 different theoretical lenses to show the complex and multi-faceted nature of whistleblowing. The book begins with an ethnographic account by the whistleblower story and proceeds into an analysis of the literature and conceptual topics related to that whistleblowing incident to present the lessons that can be learned from this extreme example of institutional failure. This fascinating, complex, and multi-theoretical book will be of great interest to scholars, students, and industry leaders in the areas of public relations, corporate communication, leadership, corporate social responsibility, whistleblowing, and organizational resistance. Peer Jacob Svenkerud, Ph.D., Ohio University, Professor and Dean at the School of Business and Social Sciences, Inland University of Applied Sciences, Norway. Jan-Oddvar Srnes, Ph.D., Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Organizational Communication, Nord University, Business School. Larry Browning, Ph.D., The Ohio State University,
    [Show full text]