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Collègede France 1968And 1969 138mm ÉM ‘Émile Benveniste was a giant whose influence has been felt ILE across semiotics and linguistics. Yet, as John E. Joseph says in the Be Introduction to his much anticipated magisterial translation of N Benveniste’s final lectures, many have “seen his work referred to ve reverentially, but have not necessarily read it themselves”. Ranging NI s across language, writing and general semiology, the sixteen lectures T presented here, along with notes for a seventeenth, will serve as a e coruscating introduction for the uninitiated Anglophone and as a reminder of the greatness of Benveniste for the already converted.’ Last Lectures: Collège Last Lectures: Paul Cobley, Middlesex University London Benveniste’s lectures had a shaping influence on a generation of scholars that Collège de includes Barthes, Deleuze, Bourdieu, Derrida, Kristeva and Todorov. Here, for the first time, these lectures are made available in English for a new generation of linguists and philosophers of language. This book includes the full course of lectures that Benveniste gave in the Collège de France on the Rue des Écoles in France Paris between December 1968 and December 1969. Benveniste’s work as offered here presents the first serious attempt at reconciling the sign theories of Saussure and Peirce and draws together language, writing and society into a comprehensive 1968 and theory of signifying. Benveniste’s philosophy of language considers key concepts such as utterance, enunciation, speaker, discourse and subjectivity and, as such, is de central to the areas of discourse analysis, text linguistics, pragmatics, semantics, France 1968 conversational analysis, stylistics and semiotics. 1969 Key Features: • Introduction from editors Jean-Claude Coquet and Irène Fenoglio ÉMILE • New introduction by the translator John Joseph • Preface by Julia Kristeva • Includes Benveniste’s course of lectures BeNveNIsTe • Afterword by Tzvetan Todorov and ÉmIle BeNveNIsTe (1902–1976) was the pre-eminent linguist in France for 1969 three decades beginning in the late 1930s. He worked mainly on Indo-European historical linguistics, but became widely known as a theoretician through the two volumes of his Problems in General Linguistics (1966, 1974) and Dictionary of Indo-european Concepts and Society (1969). This book contains the final lectures he gave before a stroke in December 1969 paralysed and silenced him. ISBN 978-1-4744-3990-9 EDITED BY JeAN-ClAuDe CoqueT AND IrèNe FeNoglIo edinburghuniversitypress.com TrANslATeD BY Cover image: www.shutterstock.com Cover design: www.richardbudddesign.co.uk JohN e. JosePh 15mm spine Last Lectures Last Lectures Collège de France 1968 and 1969 Émile Benveniste Edited by Jean-Claude Coquet and Irène Fenoglio Translated by John E. Joseph Edinburgh University Press is one of the leading university presses in the UK. We publish academic books and journals in our selected subject areas across the humanities and social sciences, combining cutting-edge scholarship with high editorial and production values to produce academic works of lasting importance. For more information visit our website: edinburghuniversitypress.com Originally published as Dernières leçons, Collège de France 1968 et 1969, © Émile Benveniste, 1968, 1969, © Seuil/Gallimard, 2012 © Editorial matter and organisation, Jean-Claude Coquet and Irène Fenoglio, 2012 © Preface, Julia Kristeva, 2012 © English translation, John E. Joseph, 2019 Edinburgh University Press Ltd The Tun – Holyrood Road, 12(2f) Jackson’s Entry, Edinburgh EH8 8PJ Typeset in 11/13 Adobe Sabon by Servis Filmsetting Ltd, Stockport, Cheshire, printed and bound in Great Britain. A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 978 1 4744 3990 9 (hardback) ISBN 978 1 4744 3992 3 (webready PDF) ISBN 978 1 4744 3991 6 (paperback) ISBN 978 1 4744 3993 0 (epub) The right of Émile Benveniste to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, and the Copyright and Related Rights Regulations 2003 (SI No. 2498). Contents Biographical Information vi Editors’ Acknowledgements viii Biographical Timeline ix Preface: Émile Benveniste, a Linguist Who Neither Says Nor Hides, but Signifies 1 Julia Kristeva Translator’s Introduction 31 John E. Joseph Editors’ Introduction 61 Jean-Claude Coquet and Irène Fenoglio 1 Semiology 74 2 Languages and Writing 91 3 Final Lecture, Final Notes 121 Annex 1: Bio-bibliography of Émile Benveniste 128 Georges Redard Annex 2: The Émile Benveniste Papers 157 Émilie Brunet Afterword: Émile Benveniste, a Scholar’s Fate 163 Tzvetan Todorov Name Index 179 Subject Index 182 v Biographical Information Émile Benveniste (1902–1976) was the pre-eminent linguist in France for three decades beginning in the late 1930s. He worked mainly on Indo-European historical linguistics, but became widely known as a theoretician through the two volumes of his Problems in General Linguistics (1966, 1974) and Dictionary of Indo-European Concepts and Society (1969). This book contains the final lectures he gave before a stroke in December 1969 paralysed and silenced him. Julia Kristeva, author of many academic books and novels, has been a leading figure in semiotics since the 1960s. She is Professor Emeritus in the University of Paris Diderot, and in 2004 was awarded the Holberg International Memorial Prize for her innovative explorations of questions on the intersection of language, culture and literature. Georges Redard (1922–2005), a specialist in the languages of Iran and Afghanistan, was professor and dean in the Universities of Neuchâtel and Berne, where he also served as rector. Tzvetan Todorov (1939–2017), a prominent figure in French literary studies, was a Director of Research in the Centre Nationale de Recherche Scientifique and visiting professor at Yale, Harvard and other top international universities. The Académie Française awarded him the Prix Maujean (1989), the Prix La Bruyère (2001) and the Prix de la Critique (2011). Jean-Claude Coquet is Professor Emeritus of Linguistics and Semiotics in the Université de Paris 8. vi Biographical Information vii Irène Fenoglio directs the Linguistics section of the Institut des Textes et Manuscrits Modernes of the Centre Nationale de Recherche Scientifique. John E. Joseph is Professor of Applied Linguistics in the University of Edinburgh. Editors’ Acknowledgements This book would not have been possible without the excep- tional welcome we received at the Bibliothèque Nationale de France, first of all from Monique Cohen, the director of what was then called the Department of Oriental Manuscripts, the department which received the Benveniste bequest; then from Thierry Delcourt, who became director of the Department of Manuscripts when the various departments were unified; and from Anne-Sophie Delhaye, Adjunct Director of the Department. It was in this department that Émilie Brunet had the responsibil- ity for this archive, and we thank her for her collaboration. The renowned linguists Jacqueline Authier-Revuz and Claudine Normand offered us their notes taken during the linguist’s last lectures in the Collège de France to supplement those taken by Jean-Claude Coquet. This precious transmission permitted us to establish a continuity in the text of the course, overcoming the discontinuity in Émile Benveniste’s own notes. Finally, this edition of Émile Benveniste’s last lectures has benefitted from the rigorous work of transcribing manuscripts carried out by Arlette Attali and Valentina Chepiga. We are indebted to them for this long and meticulous undertaking. viii Biographical Timeline Émile Benveniste, 1902–1976 1902 (27 May) Birth at Aleppo (Syria, Ottoman Empire), with the name Ezra Benveniste. His father, Mathatias Benveniste (born in Smyrna in 1863), and his mother, born Maria Malkenson in Vilna (Russia, now Vilnius, Lithuania), are school inspectors of the Universal Israelite Alliance (Alliance Israélite Universelle, AIU). A brother, Henri (born Hillel Benveniste at Jaffa in 1901), deported to Auschwitz and murdered there in 1942. A sister, Carmelia (born in 1904 in Aleppo), died in 1979. 1913 Arrives in Paris to undertake his studies in the ‘little semi- nary’ of the Rabbinical School, 9 rue Vauquelin. Studies funded by the AIU. His parents are working in Samokov, Bulgaria. 1918 Receives baccalaureate degree, with poor results (‘mention passable’), including (according to legend) a particularly low score (1) in languages. (October) Letter from his mother to the President of the AIU asking for the whereabouts of her son, who has quit the Rabbinical School. E. B. looks for work as a teaching assistant in a lycée. Enrols in the École Pratique des Hautes Études. 1919 (21 April) His mother, Maria Benveniste, dies in Samokov, Bulgaria. E. B. had probably not seen her again since moving to Paris in 1913. ix x Last Lectures: Collège de France 1968 and 1969 1919–20 Completes the licence ès lettres (first university degree). 1920 Receives the diplôme d’études supérieures for his thesis The sigmatic futures and subjunctives of Old Latin, supervised by Joseph Vendryes (1875–1960). 1921 (3 May) Granted right of abode in France with legal rights. 1922 Enrols in the École des langues orientales (School of Oriental Languages). Together with his father, brother and sister, settles in Montmorency, a suburb ten miles north of Paris. Receives the agrégation de grammaire (teaching qualifica- tion), ranked ninth in the national competition. 1922–4 Teaches at the Collège Sévigné in
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