Atmospheric Plasma and Spectroscopy, Okino Lab., Tokyo Tech
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Exposed Neon Channel Letter
Channel Letters Eye catching by standing out! A channel letter is a 3-D component in signage. Typically these are used on the store front. A “can” is made in the shape of your logo or lettering with aluminum, acrylic and internal illumination. The back side of the can is cut using the design created by our art staff and then sent to a computerized router table. This gives a precise shape for the finished “Channel”. Sides or “Returns” are then formed from aluminum strips to give the letter its depth. The returns are then fastened to the back with rivets or weld. The face for our Channel Letter is also cut utilizing our CAD/CAM router and then finished with “Trim Cap” providing a framed appearance and a mounting surface to attach to the channel. The Channel can then be lighted using Neon tubing, LED’s or Fluorescent lamps depending on the letters size, power requirements or city regulations. ________________________________________________________________ Exposed neon channel letter Another style of channel letters is made without a face or with clear faces to showcase to Neon lighting. ________________________________________________________________________ Reverse lit channel letter Yet another letter type is the Reverse Channel Letter when the face of the letter is built from aluminum or other opaque material and the lighting is exposed from the back side. This light floods the wall that the letter is mounted to. These are also called "halo effect letters". Neon 100’s of effective colors! Neon signs are made using electrified, luminous tube lights that contain neon or other gases. -
Converting Fluorescent Or Neon Signs to Energy-Efficient LED Illumination
A brighter idea? Converting fluorescent or neon signs to energy-efficient LED illumination epending on the type of your interior or exterior lighted sign, it may very Dwell pay to update its illumination to energy-efficient light-emitting diodes or LED LEDs. Thousands have found the value in retrofitting, including one nationwide chain of thousands of convenience stores. But is it right for you? Here are some considerations. LED advantages over fluorescent lighting and able to withstand shock and vibration. In contrast, neon, which is encased in glass, breaks relatively easily Some estimate that illumination via light-emitting diodes during transportation and installation, and is subject to the over fluorescent bulbs can reduce sign maintenance and same hazards of wind and weather as fluorescent bulbs. energy costs by up to 80 percent. Disposal, too, may be a concern. Neon signs contain Begin by considering the expenses of repairs. As solid- mercury, which is hazardous to the environment. state devices with no moving parts, filaments or glass, LEDs are remarkably durable and maintenance-free. Not Then there’s energy use, which favors light-emitting so with fluorescent bulbs. They are significantly more diodes hands down. LEDs have a lifetime energy savings fragile than LEDs—making them prone to breakage during of up to 40 percent over neon! transportation and installation or when exposed to strong One other factor gives the nod to light-emitting diodes winds or heavy storms. over neon, and that’s cold-weather performance. LED While the cost of a replacement fluorescent light is minimal, modules stay brighter in cold weather, where neon sign the sign owner must often not only pay for a service call and brightness can drop dramatically when temperatures fall perhaps a bucket truck, but also for the environmentally safe below 35 degrees Fahrenheit, thereby negating much of disposal of the bulb, which contains toxic mercury. -
Lilian Tone | William Kentridge | Stereoscope
Lilian Tone | William Kentridge | Stereoscope William Kentridge: Stereoscope Lilian Tone The filmed drawings, or drawn films, of William Kentridge inhabit a curious state of suspension between static to time-based, from stillness to movement. These "drawings in motion" undergo constant change and constant redefinition, while the projection of their luscious charcoal surfaces somehow retains an almost tangible tactility. Smoky grounds and rough-hewn marks morph into an incessant, though not seamless, flow of free association that evokes the fleeting hypnagogic images that precede sleep. Bodies melt into landscape; a cat turns into a typewriter, into a reel-to-reel recorder, into a bomb; full becomes void with the sweep of a sleeve. The allure of Kentridge's animations lies in their unequivocal reliance on the continuing present, in the uncanny sense of artistic creation and audience reception happening at once. Kentridge's films owe their distinctive appearance to the artist's home-made animation technique, which he describes as "stone-age filmmaking." Each of his film-related drawings represents the last in a series of states produced by successive marks and erasures that, operating on the limits of discernibility, are permanently on the verge of metamorphosis. The animations are painstakingly built by photographing each transitory state, as traces accumulate on the paper surface, each final drawing a palimpsest containing the memory of a sequence. The result is a projected charcoal drawing where the line unfolds mysteriously on the screen, with a will of its own, the artist's hand unseen. In the 1950s, filmmakers Stan van der Beek and Robert Breer's time paintings sought to document the creation of paintings on camera. -
Plasma Display Documentation
Plasma Displays & Inert Gas Discharge Tubes (IGDT) By: William J. Boucher mailto:[email protected], http://www.mnsi.net/~boucher/index.htm Created: July 24, 1999, Revised: Aug. 23, 2000 Foreword: I learned about plasma displays many years ago when I was intensely fascinated with the genius of Nikola Tesla. My personal fascination with plasma filaments began when I saw such things in sci-fi movies. I had always assumed it was some sort of special effect, but when I saw the movie My Science Project, which featured a large portable and obviously real display, my interest peaked. I started reading about them at every opportunity but detailed theory was really hard to come by, until I found out about Nikola Tesla. He invented the inert gas discharge tube (IGDT), high voltage power supplies, electromechanical machines of every type and practically everything else that has rushed the human race into the space age in just a single century. About 10 years ago, I built my first plasma display based on what I'd learned from Tesla’s work. I used to take it to mall shows and schools and such to show it off. There was always a line-up to see it. I loved it. A couple years after that, you could buy several models in stores. The most popular being Rabbitt Industry’s Eye of the Storm, which sold first in the Consumers chain stores. Unfortunately, neither that store nor the product still exists. Radio Shack still sells a small one, but it's pretty lame compared to mine because it is quite small and relatively weak. -
Flexible Linear V2
Jesco Corporate Showroom | New York City, NY Reception is lit with Colorflex LCF-RGB See page 46 Steps, platform and entry seating are lit with LEDLinc Miniflex See page 36 Jesco Showroom | Las Vegas, NV Bars are lit with DL-FLEX-RGB Flexible Linear Strip using a LC-PC-200 controller with remote control See page 14 Jesco Showroom | Dallas, TX Counter is lit with DL-SQ-RGB Color Changing Square Modules See page 18 Flexible Linear Lighting JESCO LIGHTING GROUP is proud to present our second edition of LED Flexible Linear Lighting Solutions catalog, with a large offering of innovative products for indoor and outdoor applications. Each of the products in this catalog is created to meet the needs of architects, interior designers, engineers, contractors and owners. Designers will find a wide variety of product options for specific projects such as architectural, cabinetry, furnishings, exhibition display and signage installations. Applications include residential, corporate, office, retail settings, and hospitality venues such as hotels and restaurants. The LED Lighting solutions presented in this catalog have a direct effect of reducing energy and maintenance costs; lowering installation costs; reducing the need for HVAC; and eliminating harmful UV radiation and environmentally damaging mercury. Jesco LED Lighting Solutions allow designers to effectively create a beautiful look in, and around, a space – a look that visitors can remember. Creative, subtle backgrounds that keep a shopper in a store, a couple in a restaurant; exciting surroundings of lighting that help a corporation strengthen its marketing image; or a simple visual statement remembered by the passer-by. -
Band Gaps and Leds
4/9/16 Band gaps and LEDs The Nobel Prize in Physics 2014 was awarded jointly to Isamu Akasaki, Hiroshi Amano and Shuji Nakamura:! ! "for the invention of efficient blue light-emitting diodes which has enabled bright and energy- saving white light sources"! Day 36, Phys 2130 Next up: band structure/ LEDs, Questions? Bonds Bands and LEDs Semiconductors Tutorial? Laser-- Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation lots of cloning of photons- LOTS of identical light. Figure out conditions for l.a.s.e.r. Important roles all played by: •" absorption •" stimulated emission •" spontaneous emission Requires 1) more atoms in an upper level than a lower one (“population inversion”) (hard part of making laser) 2) Method of re-cycling photons to clone more times (“feedback”) (mirrors) 2 1 4/9/16 Getting a population inversion need at least one more energy level involved. Trick: use a second color of light (why two levels (one color) won’t work as HW problem (maybe)) To create population inversion between G and level 1 would need: 2 t 2 a. time spent in level 2 (t ) before 1 2 also can kick up by spontaneously jumping to 1 is long, bashing with electron and time spent in level 1 (t ) before t1 1 jumping to G is short. b. t1=t2 c. t2 short, t1 long G d. does not matter “pumping” process to ans. c. show on sim produce population inversion 3 Amplifying light: Population inversion⇒ give amplification of photons from left. But much easier if not all light escapes. Reuse. Use mirror to reflect the light. -
Solution Growth of Polycrystalline Silicon Thin Films on Glass Substrates for Low-Cost Photovoltaic Cell Application
SOLUTION GROWTH OF POLYCRYSTALLINE SILICON THIN FILMS ON GLASS SUBSTRATES FOR LOW-COST PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL APPLICATION by ZHENGRONG SHI, B.Sc, M.Sc A thesis submitted to the University of New South Wales in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy February, 1992 UNIVEFTTY Or N.S.W. 2 2 JUL 1393 LIBRARIES To My Wife: Wei ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I am indebted to Professor Martin A Green, my research supervisor, who has given me his invaluable academic guidance, financial assistance and encouragement during my thesis work. Special thanks are given to Dr. Trevor L Young who has helped me to set up the experimental facility and to improve the fluency of the text, and Benjamin Chan who has helped to characterize the silicon thin film and the silicon thin film solar cells, and also Michael Taouk who has helped with some of the thin film silicon solar cell fabrication. I also acknowledge the contribution of past and present members of the Centre for Photovoltaic Devices and Systems, particularly, Dr. Jurek Kurianski, Dr Stuart Wenham, Dr. Mark Gross, Dr. Soo Hong Lee, Steve Healy, Mike Willison, Ted Szpitalak, Mark Silver, John Willison, Shiqun Cai, Jenny Hansen, and the Electrical Engineering and Mechanical Engineering workshop staffs. This work was supported by the Energy Research and Development Corporation of Australia and the New South Wales Department of Minerals and Energy. The Centre for Photovoltaic Devices and Systems is Supported by the Commonwealth Special Research Centre Scheme. ABSTRACT The purpose of this thesis is to find an appropriate technique for depositing polycrystalline silicon thin film on glass substrates for low cost photovoltaic cell application. -
City of Duluth Sign Regulations
Article 6. Sign Regulations Article 6 provides for the types of signs that may be placed on a property, and regulates such characteristics as their size, num- ber, placement, and timing. Table of Contents Page Section 601. Findings, Purpose and Intent. ..............................................................................................6-1 601.01 Statement of Legislative Purpose. ............................................................................................................... 6-1 601.02 Findings of Fact. ........................................................................................................................................... 6-1 601.03 Purpose and Intent. ..................................................................................................................................... 6-2 Section 602. Definitions. .........................................................................................................................6-2 Section 603. Applicability. ..................................................................................................................... 6-15 603.01 Signs that are Regulated. ........................................................................................................................... 6-15 603.02 Signs that are Exempt from Regulation. .................................................................................................... 6-15 603.03 Signs that are Prohibited. .......................................................................................................................... -
The Screen As a Site of Division and Encounter
This work has been submitted to NECTAR, the Northampton Electronic Collection of Theses and Research. Thesis Title: The screen as a site of division and encounter Creators: Marchevska, E. Example citation: Marchevska, E. (2012) The screen as a site ofR division and encounter. Doctoral thesis. The University of NorthampAton. Version: Accepted version http://nectarC.northampTton.ac.uk/6130/ NE The screen as a site of division and encounter Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy At the University of Northampton Year 2012 Elena Marchevska © Elena Marchevska, 20th of November, 2012. This thesis is copyright material and no quotation from it may be published without proper acknowledgement. 1 Contents ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ............................................................................................. 5 PRELUDE OR HOW TO READ THIS THESIS ........................................................... 7 THE SCREEN, THE PAGE, THE WINDOW ............................................................. 12 Diary entry, Day 4 ........................................................................................................................ 15 1.1 . RESEARCH STRATEGY ....................................................................................................... 15 1.1.1. Practice as research ......................................................................................... 16 1.1.2. Field review (contextual analysis) ..................................................................... 18 1.1.3. Performative reflective -
4-09 Flyer Cover
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Leds in Signage and Professional Displays
Announcement – ElectroniCast Consultants Signage/Display LEDs Market Forecast - April 2015 Announcement Signage & Professional Display LEDs Global Market Review & Forecast 2014-2019 This is the ElectroniCast review and forecast of worldwide use of Dual In-line Package (DIP), Surface Mount Diode (SMD), and Chip on Board (COB) packaged LED chips. The forecast for each type, in turn, is segmented the major signage/display types and into geographical region. Announcement – ElectroniCast Consultants Signage/Display LEDs Market Forecast - April 2015 PUBLISHED IN APRIL 21, 2015 ELECTRONICAST CONSULTANTS SPDLED.0415 All data and other information contained in this report are proprietary to ElectroniCast and may not be distributed or provided in either original or reproduced form to anyone outside the client's internal employee organization, without prior written permission of ElectroniCast. ElectroniCast, in addition to multiple client programs, conducts proprietary custom studies for single clients in all areas of management planning and interest. Other independent consultants, therefore, are considered directly competitive. ElectroniCast proprietary information may not be provided to such consultants without written permission from ElectroniCast Consultants. Announcement – ElectroniCast Consultants Signage/Display LEDs Market Forecast - April 2015 FOREWORD This is the ElectroniCast review and forecast of global market consumption of LEDs in selected signage and professional displays. This market forecast of the consumption is presented Dual In-line Package (DIP), Surface Mount Diode (SMD), and Chip on Board (COB) packaged LED chips. The forecast for each type, in turn, is segmented the major signage/display types and into geographical region. The information is presented in easy-to-follow illustrations and text. Profiles of selected manufacturers and related companies are provided. -
Signline 40.Pmd 1 3/13/2003, 12:45 PM Printed with Numbers and Letters and Located Behind the on the Development of Energy Efficient Products
SIGNLINE ISSUE FORTY 2003 Variable Message Signs and Electronic Message Centers Generally speaking, all sign faces can be changed, and are an integral part of outdoor advertising with varying degrees of difficulty. In some cases, programs that appear in airports and on buses and this requires a new coat of paint or a change of transit shelters. Recently, new changeable copy mounted letters or other graphic elements. The systems have been developed which enable easily advent of plastic and its successors in the industry changed full color graphic presentations. Some of have permitted sign copy to be changed with greater these utilize standard graphic panels that mount on ease than ever before, allowing one to simply pull existing systems. Others take advantage of the four- the entire face out of a sign and install a new one. color printing process on vinyl materials either Outdoor advertising utilizes face changes on a backed with adhesive and temporarily mounted on regular basis. Even the so-called neon sign is really a sign, or, when translucent inks and vinyl are used, a form of copy change, as its face can be designed sandwiched between two plastic sheets and placed to appear quite different in the daytime than at night. in a lighted sign cabinet. None of this activity has ever been particularly remarkable. Early on, theaters were the most prominent users of the form of changeable copy sign known as the As businesses have focused on the need to marquee. These signs used (and many still do) communicate in a timely manner to their most background panels mounted on internally immediate potential customers – those driving by illuminated cabinets, with metal or plastic tracks the business at a particular moment – they have on the sign faces to hold individual letters or panels increasingly focused on ways to display a more announcing the day’s movie showings.