Facts and Figures

JÜLICH FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM

FACTS AND FIGURES

FACTS AND FIGURES 301.353 Forschungszentrum Jülich focuses on use-inspired, basic research. It rises to the challenges of the pres- ent and does research for a future worth living. As a member of the Helmholtz Association, Forschungs 2019 zentrum Jülich is among the major interdisciplinary AT A GLANCE research centres in Europe.

of which 731 415 316 total revenue in institutional in third-party funding in millions of euros funding of which 107 in income from project management organisations

2,398 6,446 654 publications employees visiting researchers of which 1,294 from PtJ 1 from 59 countries

70 16 new new joint patent applications appointments with universities

1) ETN was merged with PtJ on 1 June 2020.

2 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures CONTENT

RESEARCH

06 Information 12 Energy 18 Bioeconomy 24 Shaping Change 26 Institutes and Sections 28 Research Infrastructures

PEOPLE

34 juelich_horizons: Promoting young talent 38 Staff 39 Professorial Appointments 43 Accolades 46 Publications

NETWORK

50 Publications with International Partners 51 Cooperations 55 Patents and Licenses 56 JARA 60 Project Management NOTES 62 Work at Other Locations 64 Bodies and Committees 65 Finances 67 Contact 68 Publication Details

FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures 3 The physicist Prof. Rüdiger Eichel researches sustainable energy storage systems and energy converters at the Institute of Energy and Climate Research. With iNEW, he is coordinating a project that aims to make climate-damaging carbon dioxide a sustainable resource.

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CH Shaping change: this is what motivates us at Forschungs- zentrum Jülich. We explore options for a digitalised society, a climate-friendly energy system Page and resource-conserving economic 6–31 activity. We combine natural and technical sciences from the infor mation, energy and bioeconomics fields with our expertise in high- performance computing, and we use one-of-a-kind scientific infrastructures.

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FOCUS INFORMATION

Information brings together three areas of Jülich research: the simulation and data sciences of high-performance computing (HPC), of brain research and of research on the bio-based and nanoelectronic-based information technologies of the future. The combined research into technical and biological information processing opens up completely new possibilities for brain research regarding the development of innovative neurotechnologies. Derived from this, more powerful hardware for artificial intelligence (AI) is to be developed. The combination of these areas allows for a multiscale approach ranging from the single molecule and the properties of living cells to the description of human behaviour.

For this interdisciplinary approach, Jülich brings together all competences, from basic research in the neurosciences and the innovative analysis of large amounts of data for the simulation of complex systems, for example in climate research, the neurosciences or materials research, to high- performance computing. Modular hardware architectures for exascale computing are being developed to expand this further.

In the future, revolutionary computer concepts such as quantum computing or neuromorphic computing will also be needed. In information technologies, fundamental properties of different material classes with novel quantum effects are therefore being researched, as is the use of organic and biological molecules for energy-efficient information processing.

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In the CroMa project, strategies are developed to avoid dangerous crowding in the railway station.

Simulation and data sciences FOR A BETTER RAILWAY STATION

Dense crowds in station concourses, on esca- ulations to investigate how processes and se- lators and platforms are uncomfortable even curity can be optimised. in normal rush hour traffic and can lead to dangerous situations. In times of Covid-19, The CroMa (Crowd Management in Transport crowds take on a yet more particular signifi- Infrastructures) project is focused on increas- cance. It could be even worse if hundreds of ing the efficiency of railway and underground thousands had to be evacuated by train in a stations in everyday life. What will contribute state of emergency. Scientists from the Civil to this are improved building regulations as Safety Research section at the Institute for well as crowd management and innovative Advanced Simulation (IAS) use computer sim- strategies to increase the robustness and

6 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures 7 RESEARCH efficiency of railway stations at rush hours or a nuclear incident. Scientists at the IAS are and to avoid crowds at critical passenger den- using the example of Dortmund Central Sta- sities. Research is carried out on pedestrian tion to investigate how to optimise procedures traffic in traffic facilities and pedestrian be- for such an emergency. In spring 2019, they haviour in dense crowds. recorded the flows of people there. The aim of the surveys was to map various conditions in The KapaKrit project is concerned with evac- the station and to use this input data to fur- uation in states of emergency – be it flooding ther develop the simulation software.

Brain research WHAT AI SEES IN BRAIN SCANS

No two brains are alike. By means of artificial possible up to now. There are subtle differ- intelligence (AI), individual characteristics can ences as regards the networks of different be recorded more precisely than has been brain regions, for example, which form as a result of complex tasks – such as when people recognise faces or remember things. The team led by Prof. Simon Eickhoff from the In- stitute of Neuroscience and Medicine evalu- ated magnetic resonance scans of hundreds of test persons and determined the activity in such networks. The researchers fed the data into self-learning software and added information about the individual, such as age or the results of a personality test. The software was trained to link the information. Using what it learned, it was then able to make pre- dictions about people solely on the basis of brain scans. For example, it was possible to predict age (with an accuracy of five years) or the performance in certain personality tests. The researchers hope to be able to use machine learning in the future to also predict the course of diseases such as depression or Par- kinson’s. Likewise, they take concerns about abuse seriously and stress the need to make Prof. Simon Eickhoff heads the “Brain and Behaviour” section at the Jülich Institute of the possibilities and limitations of AI trans- Neuroscience and Medicine. parent.

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Electron microscopic image of a single nanowire memristor

Neuromorphic computing ARTIFICIAL SYNAPSE CAPABLE OF LEARNING

Powerful and energy-efficient like the human made of platinum with one made of silver, brain, which performs an estimated 10,000 changes its electrical resistance depending billion arithmetic operations per second with on the strength and direction of the electric an energy consumption of only 20 watts – this current flowing through it. Unlike a conven- is what the bio-inspired computer is supposed tional transistor, the last resistance value is to be like one day. Together with colleagues retained even when the current is switched from Aachen and Turin, Jülich researchers off. Such components are called memristors from the Peter Grünberg Institute have pro- (from “memory” and “resistor”). Owing to this duced a component for this: a switching ele- adjustability of the resistance value, they are ment made of nanowires that can both store fundamentally capable of learning. Once they and process information and receive several are successfully linked to form a larger func- signals in parallel. In this it resembles biologi- tional network, this could process and store cal synapses – the switching points between data in parallel. Memristors are regarded as nerve cells. Like these, it is versatile: the zinc ideal candidates for neuromorphic computers oxide nanowire, which connects an electrode modelled on the brain.

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Exascale computing ACCELERATED COMPUTING WIZARD

The Jülich Wizard for European Leadership From the very beginning, the computing wiz- Science, or JUWELS for short, is getting a ard has been designed to be expanded with new booster module and will thus be even additional modules tailored to different re- faster than before. This was agreed upon by quirements. The modularity takes into ac- Forschungszentrum Jülich and the companies count the increasingly complex and heteroge- Atos and ParTec in late 2019. The module is neous requirements of the application codes equipped with several thousand graphics pro- on the supercomputers, making it possible to cessors and is designed for extreme comput- realise exascale computers cost-effectively ing power and for artificial intelligence tasks. and to integrate exotic future technologies It is designed together with the companies such as quantum computers. With one trillion NVIDIA and Mellanox as a Franco-German (1018) computing operations per second, an project. With the launch of the booster in exascale computer will be at least one order 2020, the computing power of JUWELS at the of a magnitude more powerful than today’s Jülich Supercomputing Centre will be in- fastest supercomputers. creased from 12 to over 70 petaflops. This corresponds to the performance of more than 300,000 modern PCs – currently no one in Europe computes faster.

The Jülich supercomputer JUWELS

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Sales Director Andy Mason and CEO Vern Brownell (D-Wave), Prof. Kristel Michielsen and Prof. Thomas Lippert (JSC), Chairman of the Board of Directors of Forschungs zentrum Jülich Prof. Wolfgang Marquardt, State Secretary of the Ministry of Culture and Science of North Rhine-West- phalia Annette Storsberg (from left)

Quantum computing UNIQUE IN EUROPE – JUNIQ

With the Jülich UNified Infrastructure for made available to German and European us- Quantum computing, or JUNIQ for short, an ers via the cloud. infrastructure that is unique in Europe and which will give different user groups access Under expert guidance, researchers can use to quantum computing is being created at the quantum computers – from experimental sys- Jülich Supercomputing Centre. Quantum tems and prototypes to the first production computing is an innovative way of computing, systems – and develop algorithms and appli- with potential applications in quantum simu- cation programs for them. lations in chemistry, materials science, optimisation and machine learning. The Helmholtz Quantum Center (HQC), a national research infrastructure for quantum With the official signing of a user agreement computers, is also being established at for a quantum annealer of the Canadian quan- Forschungszentrum Jülich. With the HQC, a tum computer manufacturer D-Wave Sys- central technology laboratory is being estab- tems, JUNIQ will be the first location of the lished which covers the entire research spec- D-Wave LeapTM Quantum Cloud Service in trum for quantum computing – from research Europe and the unified portal to a number of into quantum materials to prototype develop- different quantum computers. These are ment.

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FOCUS ENERGY

Jülich’s energy research relies on an energy system defined by renewable energies. The scientists research technologies on all scales, from the atomic level to industrial innovation, thus covering the entire value chain between basic and applied research. In battery research , this holistic, systemic approach is applied to everything from electrochemical processes to complete battery cells. Jülich is also pursuing a value chain in the research into technologies for storing excess electricity in high-energy chemicals, for example for use as fuel. In the future, the field of simulation and data sciences will also be expanded, for example in order to specifically design materials. Because the energy transition is leading to an increasingly decentralised supply network, the vision is to develop simulation tools for urban energy systems that can be upscaled to the dimension of cities and even megacities.

At Jülich, techniques for producing, converting and storing energy, for energy transport and reconversion into electricity on the consumer’s end are being researched in a multidisciplinary manner. Jülich’s research topics complement each other, such as the energy meteorology of climate researchers, which uses atmospheric measurements and simulations to investigate how air quality and climate are changed by the use of renewable energy sources and how local weather forecasts can be used to manage an altered energy system.

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Still at the laboratory stage: components of the lithium solid-state battery with hybrid elec trolyte

Battery research HIGH-ENERGY SOLID-STATE BATTERY From electric cars to space travel – solid- sities. Lithium is very reactive, though. It state batteries have great potential. They tends to form uncontrolled protuberances are considered to be significantly safer, more during charging. This is now prevented by two reliable and longer lasting than current lithi- layers of a novel polymer. They protect the um-ion batteries because they do not contain ceramic electrolyte of the battery and prevent liquids that can leak or catch fire and they are metal deposits. This hybrid electrolyte has al- less sensitive to temperature. At the same ready proven itself over hundreds of charging time, they can store more energy in the same cycles in laboratory tests. space with less weight. In 2019, scientists from the Institute of Energy and Climate Re- The polymer layers extend the charging time, search and the University of Münster pre- however, and the manufacturing process is sented, in the Journal of Materials Chemistry still complex. While this battery could be in- A, a new solid-state battery with an anode teresting for niche applications even now, the made of pure lithium. researchers are convinced that it will, in the future, also be of interest for applications in The metal is considered the ideal electrode which costs play a major role, such as electro- material for achieving the highest energy den- mobility.

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Storage KOPERNIKUS PROJECT FOR THE ENERGY TRANSITION

Abandoning fossil fuels and establishing a as a raw material. They use electricity from sustainable, future-proof energy system en- wind or solar power to produce raw materials tails comprehensive technological and social for highquality chemicals. In the high-temper- changes. The Kopernikus projects funded by ature co-electrolysis process, “green syngas” the Federal Ministry of Education and Re- is produced, from which, in turn, building search are developing the scientific basis for blocks for synthetic resins, fertilisers or fuels this. The storage of electricity from renewa- can be manufactured. ble energies plays a key role here. With the innovation platform “Inkubator für In the Kopernikus project “Power to X”, P2X Nachhaltige Elektrochemische Wertschöp- for short, scientists from the Jülich Institute fung” (iNEW; Incubator for Sustainable Elec- of Energy and Climate Research, along with trochemical Value Creation), which is coordi- colleagues from RWTH Aachen University, nated by Forschungszentrum Jülich, P2X is the DECHEMA society and other research in- also intended to promote structural change in stitutes and industrial companies, are work- the Rhineland region (see p. 24). ing to use climate-damaging carbon dioxide

Kopernikus New technologies for the transformation of the energy system

Fields of application Fields of action Fields of action

Electricity Energy Ecology Electrolysis Sustainability Gas Social issues Material and Transport Technology Society process design Traffic Fuels Politics System Catalysis integration Chemicals Chemistry Economy

Interfaces Interfaces

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Simulation and data sciences CLIMATE-NEUTRAL, THE ECONOMIC WAY

At the United Nations Climate Action Summit in New York in September 2019, Germany committed itself to becoming greenhouse gas neutral by 2050. In a new study, scientists from the Institute of Energy and Climate Re- search have calculated how this transformation can be achieved as cost-effectively as possible. They use a family of newly developed computer models for their calculations.

The study “Kosteneffiziente und klimage rechte Transformationsstrategien für das deutsche Energiesystem bis zum Jahr 2050” (Cost-efficient and climate-friendly transformation strategies for the German energy system until 2050) provides a detailed picture: wind power and photovoltaic plants will then produce almost six times the amount of electricity currently generated; with a consumption of 12 million tonnes per year, hydrogen is a major energy carrier; heat pumps are the most important heating technology; underground hydrogen storage facilities ensure a In order to achieve the most cost-effective energy continuous supply of energy; electricity plays transition possible, new wind power and photovoltaic plants in particular should be built from now a central role; biomass and biogas cover a until 2035. quarter of the energy demand.

Germany has set itself the goal of reducing 2.8 per cent of GDP in the case of a 95-per- greenhouse gas emissions by 80 to 95 per cent reduction. The annual costs are thus in cent by 2050 compared to 1990 levels. Ac- the same order of magnitude as the current cording to the calculations, the costs of the expenditure on energy imports (about 1.9 per conversion for the 80-per-cent target amount cent of GDP in 2018). A subsequent adapta- to about 1.1 per cent of gross domestic prod- tion to climate change is likely to be many uct (GDP) that is expected then. It would be times more expensive.

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Transport and reconversion into electricity HYDROGEN INSTEAD OF DIESEL LOCOMOTIVES

Trains, powered by green electricity, are a cli- In contrast to refuelling with pure hydrogen, mate and environmentally friendly alternative the LOHC technology makes it possible to to cars. However, around 40 per cent of Ger- largely retain the existing infrastructure. The many’s railway lines are not electrified. Scien- hydrogen would be released on board the train tists at the Helmholtz Institute Erlangen- during operation and converted into electric- Nürnberg (HI ERN), a branch of Forschungs ity in a fuel cell. The researchers are also de- zentrum Jülich, are working on a solution: veloping a direct LOHC fuel cell for mobile ap- using the so-called LOHC technology, they plications, which generates electrical energy want to run trains on hydrogen. The abbrevia- directly from charged LOHC. Prototypes are tion stands for “liquid organic hydrogen car- already being operated on a laboratory scale; rier”. In this process, gaseous hydrogen is the first research results were published in bound to a carrier liquid that can be safely the journal “Energy & Environmental Science” stored and transported. Instead of diesel, in 2019. In the project “Emission-free and locomotives could refuel the hydrogen-charged highly emission-reduced rail traffic on LOHC carrier. With it, they drive without pol- non-electrified lines”, a train demonstrator is lutants – and even carbon neutral if the hy- now being developed with support from the drogen comes from renewable sources. Bavarian Ministry of Economic Affairs.

Hydrogen logistics Principle of the liquid organic C C Storage hydrogen carrier (LOHC) H H

Hydrogen transport

C C Hydrogenation H H of the LOHC C C > C C + H H H H

Dehydrogenation and • safe transport hydrogen utilisation • use of existing logistics For example, on board H H a train with LOHC Hydrogen production technology Generated from surplus regenerative energy by electrolysis C C

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In a field campaign on Zugspitze, four balloon ascents were used to determine the distribution of water vapour and ice clouds in the atmosphere.

Climate and atmospheric research FILLING KNOWLEDGE GAPS

The next European Space Agency (ESA) satel- gerprints of water vapour and ice clouds are lite mission to explore earth is intended to measured, which amplify the man-made help improve our understanding of global greenhouse effect. They play a key role in reg- warming. The FORUM satellite – the launch of ulating the temperature at the earth’s surface. which is planned for 2026 – will be the first to measure the light emitted from earth into A study by Jülich scientists from the Institute space with high spectral resolution at wave- of Energy and Climate Research contributed to lengths in the so-called far infrared. This as this very satellite mission being chosen: it con- yet unexplored part of the earth’s radiation is firmed the project’s climate science potential. responsible for about half of the radiation Balloon measurements during a campaign on cooling of the earth and its atmosphere. The Zugspitze in the winter of 2019 also showed same wavelength range also contributes to that the measuring method is outstandingly the greenhouse effect, as well as by about suitable to achieve the scientific goals. 50 per cent. In addition, so-called spectral fin-

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FUTURE FIELD BIOECONOMY

Sustainable bioeconomy is a modern form of economic activity with which biological resources can be used efficiently and sustainably. At Jülich, the interactions between microorganisms, plants and soil are being researched in order to improve resource efficiency in agriculture and maintain plant health.

Bioeconomic research is combined with the research focuses Information and Energy, for example for the simulation of soil-plant interactions or for the development of more energy-efficient bioeconomic utilisation methods. The research and technology platforms such as the Bioeconomy Science Center are a unique feature of Jülich.

For the bio-based economy of the future, Jülich’s current goals are the development of a competitive biorefinery process and the use of natural plant substances as a source for bioactive substances, which in turn can be used to produce agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals. In biotechnology , biological catalysts are used to produce active pharmaceutical ingredients. Automation, miniaturisation and digitisation play an important role in shortening development times and making them more predictable.

In addition to experimental data collection, terrestrial systems research also focuses on digital models of simulation and data sciences. One vision is to provide information of social relevance, for example for water management or agriculture.

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Several million euros of funding from the German government for the BioökonomieREVIER_KOM project: (from left) Prof. Ulrich Schurr, State Secretary for Research Thomas Rachel MdB, Prof. Harald Bolt and Dr. Jan-Hendrik Kamlage

Bio-based economy LIVE INSTEAD OF FOSSILISED

The idea behind the BioökonomieREVIER strategy for the region is to be developed with Rhineland initiative is to use the coal mining all stakeholders – science, business, regional phase-out in the Rhineland region as an op- actors and civil society – by 2021. portunity to build up a future region for bio- based value creation. In a first step, the Fed- Thanks to the unique scientific landscape in eral Ministry of Education and Research is the bioeconomy, the highly productive and in- funding the BioökonomieREVIER_KOM pro- novative agriculture, the many strong bio ject with around € 3.9 million. A sustainable economy-related economic sectors such as

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the food, chemical and energy industries, the Rhineland region offers the best conditions for creating a model region that is unique in Europe.

A total of 15 innovation laboratories are to be 15 set up at the interface of (agricultural) indus- innovation labs are to be set up at the try and science, enabling the rapid transfer of interface of (agricultural) new processes from science to industry. Fur- economy and science. thermore, a communication project will be ini- tiated to bring the topic of bioeconomy to the public and discuss it.

Biotechnology FAVOURITE SITES FOR BIOSYNTHESIS GENES DISCOVERED

Some bacteria produce valuable natural sub- Serratia marcescens, which is responsible for stances such as antibiotics or cancer thera- biosynthesising the red, natural substance peutics, but often only in small quantities. In prodigiosin, in their search for suitable posi- the natural producers, this process cannot al- tions. The cluster was integrated into the ge- ways be optimised by biotechnological nome of Pseudomonas putida. With the aid of means. Researchers are therefore working on the red colour, the researchers were able to moving the biochemical production chain to identify those bacterial cells in which the in- other bacteria that are easy to handle in the tegration into the genome and the translation laboratory. Their aim is to achieve the highest of the genetic information into the gene prod- possible and most stable production of the uct (“expression”) were particularly success- desired substance. ful. These are regions in the genome that are linked to the RNA metabolism. These In the genome of the bacterium Pseudomo genomic regions are characterised by par- nas putida, researchers of Heinrich Heine ticularly strong expression. Apparently, the University Düsseldorf and Forschungs foreign genes integrated at this site can also zentrum Jülich have found sites that are par- benefit from this. The results have been pub- ticularly suitable for the stable integration of lished in the journal “Scientific Reports”. such biosynthesis genes. The scientists used a “reporter gene cluster” from the bacterium

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Terrestrial systems research SEVERE WEATHER WITH FAR-REACHING EFFECTS

Extreme weather events such as thunder- tiative (Modular Observation Solutions for storms or heavy rainfall are usually rather Earth Systems). They use various mobile and short and regionally limited. However, subse- modular monitoring systems to investigate quent flooding can have a long-term impact the effects that dynamic events, such as ex- on earth and environmental systems. Even a treme precipitation and runoff, have on the single heavy rainfall event can have serious long-term development of earth and environ- consequences for an entire river system – mental systems. from land changes due to flooding and nutri- ent and pollutant transport to changes in the During the first, joint intensive measurement ecosystem. In 2019, the Helmholtz Associa- campaign in the Müglitz valley in Saxony, sci- tion launched an initiative to investigate such entists from the Jülich Institute of Energy and relationships in more detail: starting with pre- Climate Research flew sounding balloons to cipitation, continuing with seepage in the soil an altitude of 35 kilometres. They investi- and runoff, to the discharge into the sea. gated the transport of trace gas through the thunderstorm to determine, among other A total of nine Helmholtz Association re- things, how thunderstorms affect the climate search centres are involved in the MOSES ini- in the long term.

It is an important aim of the MOSES test campaigns to put the different mobile research devices to the test together.

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Digital models FOR WEATHER- AND CLIMATE-RESILIENT AGRICULTURE

From old farming folklore to modern climate ing and harvesting times – by means of projections on mainframe computers – in ag- hourly, comprehensive, 10-to-15-day fore- riculture, it is a key issue what the weather casts of relevant parameters almost to the will be like. In addition to already existing agricultural parcel. In addition to the usual weather fluctuations, climate change will weather forecasts, water balance variables pose major challenges for agriculture in the such as soil moisture, groundwater recharge, coming decades. In view of rising tempera- tures, prolonged hot spells and changes in the distribution of precipitation, farmers and other agricultural players will need better information in future – on short-term weather changes, weather extremes, water resources and regional climate change – as a prerequi- site for adaptation measures. This expertise is to be provided by the knowledge transfer project ADAPTER (ADAPT tERrestrial systems), launched in the spring of 2019 and funded by the Helmholtz Association, in which For schungszentrum Jülich and Helmholtz- Zentrum Geesthacht – Centre for Materials and Coastal Research (HZG) are cooperating.

The aim is to create a broader information base for agriculture, thus enabling better-in- formed decisions to be made towards a more sustainable agriculture that is more resilient to weather and climate change. One focus is the optimisation of current agricultural production management – for instance, irrigation and fertilisation requirements as well as sow-

According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the number of droughts has increased globally as a result of climate change.

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plant-available water from daily simulations Interactive tools are to be developed that are available in particular. At the same time, combine scientific findings, such as regional within the context of a citizen science ap- climate projections, with practical local proach, users receive soil moisture sensors knowledge and promote the development of whose data are incorporated into the fore- suitable options for action and of adaptation casts and make them more precise. strategies.

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SHAPING CHANGE WITH RESEARCH

The Rhineland region is a region in transition – area is to become a model for new economic away from the climate-damaging use of lig- activity in this way. Funded by the Federal nite and towards sustainable value chains. Government’s immediate action programme Forschungszentrum Jülich is actively helping for structural change, and together with re- to shape structural change. With scientific ex- gional partners from business, science and cellence, it contributes to the development of civil society, projects in information technol- innovations and marketable products, at- ogy, energy technology and the bioeconomy tracts new cooperation partners to the region are being developed and implemented. and creates jobs. The former lignite mining

BIOÖKONOMIEREVIER – SUSTAINABLE RECYCLING MANAGEMENT The Rhineland region is to be transformed from a region that is particularly dependent on fossil fuels into a model for bio-based value creation: the model region Bioöko nomieREVIER Rhineland. Forschungszentrum Jülich sees itself as a pioneer, for example in research into sustainably produced food, renewable resources and other bio- based products. 15 innovation laboratories at the inter- 25 face of (agricultural) industry and science are intended million euros of to enable the rapid transfer of new processes from sci- BMBF funding ence to industry. In this way, regional material cycles are to become a closed loop in the sense of a sustainable recycling economy, and new business models in the region are to be established through intelligent interlinking of business and research.

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INEW – VALUE CREATION FROM THE GREENHOUSE GAS

Reducing CO2 emissions in industrial processes and using the greenhouse gas as a raw material – this is what the “Incubator for Sustainable Electrochemical Value Creation” (iNEW), coordinated by Jülich, is all about. In

co-electrolysis, CO2 is turned into the basic material for the chemical industry with the help of electricity gene rated from renewable sources. iNEW is an open innova- 20 tion platform that brings together developers and users million euros of of the technologies and is to accelerate the transfer to BMBF funding practical applications. It offers the opportunity to test new technologies under operating conditions at an early stage. Regional companies and industrial enterprises are involved from the very beginning. In addition to RWTH Aachen University, for instance, the companies Coves- tro Deutschland AG and RWE Power AG are also involved in the project.

NEUROTEC – THE BRAIN AS A MODEL More power than any computer while requiring the energy of a light bulb – this makes the brain an unbeatable model for “neuromorphic computers”. Their development is based on the functioning of the human brain. The project “Neuro-inspired Technologies of Artificial Intelligence for the Electronics of the Future” (NEURO- TEC) deals with translating this knowledge into novel 13 hardware and enabling concrete applications of artificial million euros of intelligence. Jülich researchers, along with RWTH BMBF funding Aachen University and regional companies, are developing new materials and electronic components to this end. The aim is to increase the attractiveness of the Rhineland region as a business location. In the long term, its visibility in the field of neuromorphic technol ogies is to be further enhanced through international networking.

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INSTITUTES AND SECTIONS

1 Ernst Ruska-Center for Microscopy and 4 Institute of Biological Spectroscopy with Electrons Information Processing • Physics of Nanoscale Systems • Molecular and Cellular Physiology • Materials Science and Engineering • Mechanobiology • Structural Biology • Bioelectronics • Coordination and technical • Biomacromolecular Systems infrastructure and Processes • Theoretical Physics of Living Matter Institute for Advanced Simulation 2 • Cellular Structural Biology • Jülich Supercomputing Centre • Structural Biochemistry • Quantum Theory of Materials • Neutron Scattering and • Theoretical Soft Matter and Biological Matter Biophysics • Technical Services and Administration • Theoretical Nanoelectronics • Theory of the strong interactions • Computational Biomedicine 5 Institute of Energy and Climate Research • Theoretical Neuroscience • Materials Synthesis and Processing • Civil Safety Research • Microstructure and Properties • Data Analytics and Machine Learning • Techno-Economic Systems Analysis • Plasma Physics • Photovoltaics 3 Institute of Bio- and Geosciences • Nuclear Waste Management • Biotechnology and Reactor Safety • Plant Sciences • Stratosphere • Agrosphere • Troposphere • Bioinformatics • Fundamental Electrochemistry • Energy Systems Engineering • Systems Analysis and Technology Evaluation • Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy • Helmholtz-Institut Münster • Modelling and Simulation of Materials in Energy Technology • Electrochemical Process Engineering

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6 Nuclear Physics Institute 9 Peter Grünberg Institute • Experimental Hadron Structure • Quantum Theory of Materials • Experimental Hadron Dynamics • Theoretical Nanoelectronics • Theory of the strong interactions • Quantum Nanoscience • Large Scale Nuclear Physics Equipment • Quantum Materials and Collective Phenomena • Microstructure Research 7 Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine • Electronic Properties • Structural and Functional • Electronic Materials Organisation of the Brain • Quantum Control • Molecular Organization of the Brain • Semiconductor Nanoelectronics • Cognitive Neuroscience • JARA-Institute: Energy-efficient • Medical Imaging Physics information technology • Nuclear Chemistry • JARA-Institute: Quantum Information • Computational and Systems • Technical Services and Administration Neuroscience • Quantum Computing Analytics • Brain and Behaviour • Ethics in the Neurosciences • Computational Biomedicine 10 Central Institute of Engineering, • JARA-Institute: Brain structure Electronics and Analytics function relationships • Engineering and Technology • JARA-Institute: Molecular neuroscience • Electronic Systems and neuroimaging • Analytics

8 Jülich Centre for Neutron Science • Neutron Scattering and Biological Matter • Quantum Materials and Collective Phenomena • Neutron Analytics for Energy Research • Neutron Methods • Technical Services and Administration

26 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures 27 RESEARCH

RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURES

Scientists at Forschungszentrum Jülich have In ACTRIS-D, almost all important players of access to extensive, highly specialised re- German atmospheric research cooperate. search infrastructures. Facilities such as the Forschungszentrum Jülich is involved through Helmholtz Nano Facility (HNF), the Ernst Rus- the Institute of Energy and Climate Research, ka-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy Troposphere (IEK-8). with Electrons (ER-C) or the Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS) complement each other and, as world-class infrastructures, are also available to external researchers. RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS AND FACILITIES Methods and instruments are developed, set up and operated as user facilities in close • Ernst Ruska-Centre (ER-C) cooperation with partners from science and • Jülich Synchrotron Radiation industry. Laboratory (JSRL) • Jülich Supercomputing Centre (JSC) • Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS) • Helmholtz Nano Facility (HNF) • Jülich Multi-Method Platform • ESS Competence Centre 16 • Imaging Core Facility (ICF) major research tools • JuStruct: Jülich Centre for and facilities are also available Structural Biology to external scientists through • Particle accelerator COSY Forschungszentrum Jülich. • SAPHIR and SAPHIR-PLUS • Jülich Technology Platform for Plant Phenotyping (JTPP) The Ernst Ruska-Centre 2.0 belongs to the • Biomolecular NMR Center group of major infrastructure projects that, in • Membrane Centre the National Roadmap for research infra- • Helmholtz Energy Materials structures, presented by the Federal Ministry Characterization Platform (HEMCP) of Education and Research in 2019, are stra- • ENVRI-FAIR tegically prioritised, including in terms of re- • Helmholtz Quantum Center search policy. The German contribution of the European Aerosol, Clouds and Trace Gases Research Infrastructure (ACTRIS-D) was also included in the National Roadmap.

28 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures 29 RESEARCH

ERNST RUSKA-CENTRE (ER-C) The Ernst Ruska-Center (ER-C) is a compe- international level. The ER-C houses some of tence centre for atomic-resolution electron the world’s most advanced electron micro- microscopy and spectroscopy at the highest scopes and tools for nanocharacterisation.

Allocated measurement time in days 2019 at the electron microscopic instruments of ER-C

Days

Forschungszentrum Jülich 874 89 individual RWTH Aachen University 249 user projects External users 544 in 2019 Service and maintenance 733

Total 2,400

JÜLICH SYNCHROTRON RADIATION LABORATORY (JSRL) The Jülich Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory ous synchrotron radiation facilities. It provides (JSRL) provides access to advanced pho- the framework and expertise for developing ton-based spectroscopy and microscopy tech- new beamlines and experimental concepts and niques. For this purpose, the JSRL operates partners with synchrotron laboratories all over dedicated instruments and beamlines at vari- the world.

JSRL as photon platform Use 2019

Instrumentations In-house research External groups

BESSY (Berlin) 100% –

Elettra (Trieste) 1) 33% 67%

PETRA-3 (Hamburg) 80% 20%

1) via proposal system, i.e. > 50% external users

28 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures 29 RESEARCH

JÜLICH SUPERCOMPUTING CENTRE (JSC) The Jülich Supercomputing Centre (JSC) pro- 70 quadrillion computing operations per sec- vides scientists at Forschungszentrum Jülich, ond or the performance of over 300,000 mod- at universities and research institutions in ern PCs. Germany and Europe as well as in the industry with computing capacity of the highest performance class. The Centre also supports them in using it. About

The launch of a booster module in 2020 increases JUWELS’ computing power from 12 to over 70 petaflops. This corresponds to 200 publications in peer review journals from the projects running on the HPC systems at JSC

Relative figures by users in per cent, 2019

30 John von 70 Forschungs Neumann zentrum Jülich Institute for Computing, JURECA national Based on the GCS appropriation periods 11/2018–10/2019 and 5/2019–4/2020; percentages are averaged on the JURECA cluster and the JURECA booster modules

20 Earth 80 Gauss Centre for System Supercomputing and Modelling Partnership for JUWELS Advanced Computing in Europe Tier-0

Based on the GCS appropriation periods 11/2018–10/2019 and 5/2019–4/2020

30 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures 31 RESEARCH

JÜLICH CENTRE FOR NEUTRON SCIENCE (JCNS) The Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS) (MLZ) in Garching, at the high flux reactor of operates instruments for research with neu- ILL in Grenoble, and at the first MW spallation trons at top sources in Germany, Europe and neutron source SNS in Oak Ridge, USA. worldwide: at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum

Beam time assigned by JCNS Days, rounded, 2019

1 training activities 279 assigned by review procedures, of which 28 maintenance/ development Total 178 users from Germany 86 internal users 394 43 users from the EU

57 users from the rest of the world

HELMHOLTZ NANO FACILITY (HNF) The Helmholtz Nano Facility (HNF) is a clean- duction, synthesis, characterisation and in- room facility with 1,000 m² of cleanroom tegration of nanoscale structures, devices space covering classes ISO 1-3. It provides and circuits. access to expertise and resources in the pro-

HNF in figures Service sector As of: 31.12.2019 As of: 31.12.2019

Internal users 203 Service contracts 7,000 External users 47 Total usage time 39,628 of all devices in hours

30 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures 31 Prof. Nicolas Brüggemann from the Institute of Bio- and Geosciences wants to better understand extreme weather events such as heat waves. He and his team are investigating their effects, for example on the emission of water vapour and greenhouse gases.

32 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures 33 PEO PLE

Research for a changing society: for this is mission, more than 6,000 people at Forschungszentrum Jülich work hand in hand. Forschungszen- trum Jülich wants to be a magnet Page for outstanding scientists, young 34– 47 talent, and professional supporters of research in administration and infrastructure. Open, responsible, with vision – our campus is a good place for inspiring exchange between people from all over the world.

32 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures 33 PEOPLE

JUELICH_HORIZONS: PROMOTING YOUNG TALENT

We want to get young people excited about port programmes for young talent: from the science. Our goal is to promote excellence at offers of the JuLab Schools Laboratory to all education, training and career levels and to futureoriented apprenticeships and dual attract the best minds in international com- study programmes to individual support petition. Under the umbrella of juelich_hori- programs for young scientists. zons, we offer career opportunities and sup-

SPARKING INTEREST IN CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE In 2019, more than 3,400 students aged 9 to science and laboratories or for vocational ori- 19 came with their classes and courses to the entation. Thus, since JuLab’s foundation in JuLab Schools Laboratory to carry out experi- 2005, around 58,000 students have experi- ments. Another 230 boys and girls took part enced, on the Jülich campus, just how excit- in research weeks as well as in internships in ing research can be.

Approximately 320 teachers, educators and parents attended advanced training in the Ju- Lab in 2019. These courses included the innovative Focus Research format on the topic of brain research, which was developed in col- laboration with the ZfsL Jülich (Centre for Practical Teacher Training) and carried out for the first time in September 2019. 35 prospec- tive teachers spent one day dealing with as- The youngest visitors were able to discover pects of brain research and related ethical a lot on Open Day in July 2019. questions.

PROFESSIONAL ORIENTATION With the aim of “identifying talent and sup- boys and girls. “JuBOP”, the new Jülich con- porting career decisions”, Forschungszen- cept for vocational orientation internships, has trum Jülich offers a wide range of opportuni- established flexible, early and structured ori- ties for career orientation. A particular entation opportunities of different durations concern is to promote equal opportunities for for students aged 13 to 19.

34 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures 35 PEOPLE

VOCATIONAL TRAINING AND DUAL STUDY PROGRAMMES In training young skilled employees, For Vocational training positions schungszentrum Jülich is a successful and New placements 2019 well-networked partner in the region. Since its foundation, well over 5,000 young people Occupations Total including a dual study have completed their apprenticeships here. programme Forschungszentrum Jülich also meets its demand for qualified specialists this way. Laboratory technicians 27 5 Electricians 7 – There are currently around 310 trainees in over 20 different professions. 90 trainees gradu- Metalworkers 12 1 ated in 2019, often with above-average suc- Technical product – – cess: 21 achieved the top grade “very good” designer and 43 were graded “good”. Volker Lauter- Office staff 13 1 bach, Florian Mispelbaum, Natalie Schmitz and Mathematical-technical 29 29 Daniel Todt were among the state’s best who software developers were honoured in Hagen in November 2019. Other 10 – Total 98 36 About one third of Jülich trainees pursue a dual study programme. This combines practical training at Forschungszentrum Jülich with versity of Applied Sciences in scientific pro- a university degree leading to bachelor de- gramming, applied chemistry, physics engi- gree. Currently, dual study programmes are neering, mechanical engineering, electrical offered in cooperation with FH Aachen Uni- engineering and business studies.

65 trainees at Forschungszentrum Jülich were given a ceremonial farewell at the end of August after they had passed their final examinations.

34 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures 35 PEOPLE

Participants and organisers of the 50th IFF Holiday Course

STUDIES AND DOCTORATE Forschungszentrum Jülich offers students ship holders from Canada and the USA were the opportunity to work on interesting re- funded by the German Academic Exchange search projects early on. They are supervised, Service’s DAAD-RISE programme. The China for example, in the context of internships or Scholarship Council (CSC) scholarship pro- long-term in the practical part of their final gramme funded 20 new doctoral researchers. theses. Holiday courses such as the IFF Spring School for Solid State Research, which took place for International students are given the opportu- the 50th time in 2019 with more than 200 nity to work at Jülich through funding pro- participants from 24 countries, are in interna- grammes. In 2019, for example, eight scholar- tional demand.

DOCTORAL RESEARCHERS’ PLATFORM JUDOCS In 2019, pertaining to the entire year, 1,062 Landed” for the targeted addressing of inter- young scientists were working independently national doctoral candidates. JuDocs also of- on a research topic as part of their doctorate. fers interdisciplinary English language train- Of these, around 36 per cent were women and ing for all doctoral researchers. Some courses 45 per cent came from abroad. They were are mandatory, such as “Good Scientific Prac- supported by Jülich’s scientific supervisors tice”, while others, such as “Team Communi- and doctoral supervisors, totalling around cation” or “Preparing for Defence”, can be 460 people. The JuDocs doctoral researchers’ taken additionally. From 2020, a certificate platform facilitates the first steps through in- course “Innovation & Entrepreneurship” will troductory events such as “JuDocs Introduc- be offered for advanced doctoral researchers tion” with 190 participants in 2019 or “Just and early postdocs.

36 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures 37 PEOPLE

PROMOTING YOUNG MANAGERS The Career Center of Forschungszentrum also from beyond the scientific community to Jülich provides information and advice to identify career options and promote mobility postdocs and doctoral researchers in the final between different fields of activity. phase of their studies on possible career paths – be it an academic career, moving to business or research management, or found- ing their own company. Young researchers in the postdoctoral phase can receive individual advice on career planning or take advantage of the wide range of events offered for further professional orientation. Approximately 100 individual career development consultations were carried out in 2019, plus 28 career orientation events and eight, one-to two-day training sessions on job applications and career planning. In 2019, the Career Center’s offers In November 2019, doctoral researchers and post- were made use of 444 times. Joint pro- docs were invited to Jülich’s Career Day to find grammes are being developed with partners out about different career paths.

SUCCESSFUL START TO A SCIENTIFIC 305 postdocs at Jülich MANAGEMENT CAREER as of 31.12.2019, At Jülich, internationally outstanding post- of which: docs are given the opportunity to establish their own young investigators group. Highly competitive, multi-stage selection proce- 96 dures start out the process. In 2019, there were women were 21 young investigator groups at Forschungszentrum Jülich, three of them international; eight of the group heads held jun- 47 ior professorships and three held W2 profes- per cent of all postdocs sorships; four were funded by the EU with an came from abroad ERC Starting Grant.

36 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures 37 PEOPLE

STAFF

Forschungszentrum Jülich offers a wide the shaping of research for a changing soci- range of career opportunities in science, ety. In addition to excellent research infra- technical or administrative infrastructure or structures, we offer flexible working hours, in research management. Only with excellent mobile working and targeted further training, employees can outstanding results be networking opportunities and assistance in achieved and a contribution be made to solv- balancing work and family life. We want to ing societal problems. Their motivation, crea- make real equality of opportunity possible. tivity and potential is the driving force behind

Proportion of women in Staff overview Forschungszentrum As of: 31.12.2019 Jülich’s workforce in per cent, FTE (full-time equivalent) Area Number 1)

Scientists and technical staff 4,010

2015 36.2 of which scientists incl. individuals in 2,471 2019 37.7 scientific training Total employees • of which doctoral researchers 608 • of which scholarship holders 27 2015 22.2 • of which student assistants 133 2019 23.0 Total senior positions • of which joint appointments 153 with universities 2)

2015 18.0 • of which W3 professors 65 2019 17.8 • of which W2 professors 75 Senior positions in science • of which W1 professors 13 of which technical staff 1,539 2015 22.5 Project Management Organisations 1,294 2019 23.7 Administration 828 Scientific staff Trainees and students on placement 314 Total 2015 31.1 6,446 2019 33.3 1) only employees with a contract paid by Jülich are included Total young researchers 2) excl. members of the Board of Directors

38 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures PEOPLE

APPOINTMENTS AND PROFESSORIAL APPOINTMENTS APPOINTMENTS Jülich scientists accepted the following chairs offered in 20191):

University of Iceland, School of Engineering and Natural Sciences

Prof. Morris Riedel Jülich Supercomputing Centre

Prof. Manja Krüger Institute of Energy and Climate Research

Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg

Forschungszentrum Jülich RWTH Aachen University Prof. Jie Li Prof. Dr.-Ing. André Bardow Institute of Energy and Prof. Abigail Morrison Institute of Energy and Climate Research Institute of Neuroscience Climate research and Medicine Prof. Elie Paillard Institute of Energy and Climate Research ETH Zurich, energy and process systems engineering

Politecnico di Milano, Department of Energy 1) not including appointments to universities that resulted in a joint appointment with Forschungszentrum Jülich

FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures 39 PEOPLE

JOINT PROFESSORIAL APPOINTMENTS WITH UNIVERSITIES In the case of a joint appointment, the ap- following scientists were jointly appointed to pointed person holds the office of a professor professorships by Forschungszentrum Jülich at a university and, at the same time, works at and other universities: Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH. In 2019, the

New appointments in 2019

Name Institute University

Prof. Lukas Arnold Institute for Advanced University of Wuppertal Simulation Prof. Andrea Benigni Institute of Energy and Climate RWTH Aachen University Research Prof. Silvia Daun Institute of Neuroscience and University of Cologne Medicine Prof. Michael Eikerling 1) Institute of Energy and Climate RWTH Aachen University Research Prof. Michael Hanke Institute of Neuroscience and Heinrich Heine University Medicine Düsseldorf Prof. Pitter Huesgen Central Institute of Engineering, University of Cologne Electronics and Analytics-3 Prof. Jan-Philipp Machtens Institute of Complex Systems RWTH Aachen University Prof. Jan Marienhagen Institute of Bio- and Geosciences RWTH Aachen University Prof. Markus Müller Peter Grünberg Institute RWTH Aachen University Prof. Martina Müller Peter Grünberg Institute TU Dortmund University Prof. Knut Müller-Caspary Ernst Ruska-Centre RWTH Aachen University Prof. Michael Saliba Institute of Energy and TU Darmstadt Climate Research Prof. Alexander Schug Institute for Advanced University of Duisburg-Essen Simulation/Jülich Supercomputing Centre Prof. Ruth Schwaiger Institute of Energy and RWTH Aachen University Climate Research

40 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures 41 PEOPLE

The mathematician Prof. Silvia Daun has specialised in biological processes. For stroke research, she develops models that show how magnetic stimulation affects the brain.

Name Institute University

Prof. Ruslan Temirov Peter Grünberg Institute University of Cologne Prof. Sacha van Albada Institute of Neuroscience and University of Cologne Medicine

1) appointment in 2018 with commencement of service in 2019

40 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures 41 PEOPLE

Number of joint professorial appointments with universities As of: 31.12.2019

University Number of professorial of which new appointments 1) appointments 2019

RWTH Aachen University 67 7 FH Aachen University 6 – Ruhr Universität Bochum 6 – University of Bonn 11 – TU Darmstadt 1 1 TU Dortmund University 1 1 HHU Düsseldorf 22 1 University of Duisburg-Essen 5 1 FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg 5 – University of Cologne 16 4 KU Leuven 1 – UCL Louvain 1 – JGU Mainz 1 – University of Münster 1 – Universität Regensburg 1 – University of Stuttgart 1 – University of Wuppertal 7 1 Total 153 16

1) without members of the Board of Directors

42 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures 43 PEOPLE

ACCOLADES

International

Name Award

Prof. Dr.-Ing. André Bardow Recent Innovative Contribution (RIC) in Institute of Energy and Computer-Aided Chemical Engineering of the Climate research CAPE-Working Party of the European Federation of Chemical Engineering (EFCE) Prof. Stefan Blügel Synergy Grant of the European Research Council (ERC) Institute for Advanced Simulation/ Peter Grünberg Institute and Prof. Rafal Dunin-Borkowski Ernst Ruska-Centre/Peter Grünberg Institute Prof. Paolo Carloni Honorary membership of the Accademia delle Scienze Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine dell’Istituto di Bologna Prof. Alexander Drzezga Kuhl-Lassen Award 2019 of the Society of Nuclear Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine Medicine and Molecular Imaging (SNMMI) Prof. Olivier Guillon Admission to the World Academy of Ceramics Institute of Energy and Climate Research Dr. Christopher Körber Feodor Lynen Research Fellowship of the Alexander Institute for Advanced Simulation von Humboldt Foundation Dr. Christian Lang Enzo Ferroni Award for a Young Scientist at the Jülich Centre for Neutron Science 33rd Conference of the European Colloid and Interface Society (ECIS) Prof. Kristel Michielsen Google Faculty Research Award 2018 Jülich Supercomputing Centre Prof. Marco Oldiges Labvolution Award at the LABVOLUTION trade fair Institute of Bio- and Geosciences in Hanover Prof. Dr. Matteo Rizzi Feodor Lynen Research Fellowship of the Alexander Peter Grünberg Institute von Humboldt Foundation Prof. Dörte Rother Biotrans Junior Award 2019 Institute of Bio- and Geosciences Dr. Benedikt Sabass Starting Grant of the European Research Council Institute of Complex Systems (ERC) Prof. Dr. Martin Winter Faraday Medal of the Royal Society of Chemistry Institute of Energy and Climate Research, (RSC) Helmholtz Institute Münster Table continued on page 44

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Continued from page 44

Name Award

Xiaoyan Yin Umbrella Award of the Israel Institute of Technology Institute of Energy and Climate Research (Technion) Prof. Dr. Karl Zilles () Lecture Award of the European Federation for Institute for Advanced Simulation/ Experimental Morphology (EFEM) Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine

National

Name Award

Dr. Evan Berkowitz Dr. Klaus Erkelenz Award Institute for Advanced Simulation Prof. Dr. Markus Diesmann Member of the Academy of Sciences and Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine Literature Mainz Jun.-Prof. Alexander Grünberger Admission to the young scholars’ Junges Kolleg Institute of Bio- and Geosciences of the North Rhine-Westphalian Academy of Sciences, Humanities and the Arts, and prize for up-and-coming teachers in higher education, DECHEMA-Hochschullehrer-Nachwuchspreis für Biotechnologie 2019 Dr. Stephan Noack BioSC Supervision Award 2019 Institute of Bio- and Geosciences Dr.-Ing. Jamal Slim Friedrich Wilhelm Award of RWTH Aachen University Nuclear Physics Institute Dr. Rolf Stassen Dieter Möhl Medal at the COOL 2019 international Nuclear Physics Institute conference in Novosibirsk Prof. Dr. Martin Winter Arfvedson Schlenk Award of the Society of German Helmholtz Institute Münster Chemists (GDCh) Institute for Energy and Climate Research and Research Prize 2018 of the University of Münster (WWU) Jun. Prof. Dr. Dirk Witthaut Albertus Magnus Teaching Award of the Faculty of Institute of Energy and Climate Research Mathematics and Natural Sciences of the University of Cologne 2018/19

44 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures 45 PEOPLE

Helmholtz Association awards

Name Award

Dr. Felix Lüpke Excellence Prize 2019 of Forschungszentrum Jülich Peter Grünberg Institute (awardees selected by an external jury) Dr. Doreen Niether Institute of Complex Systems Dr. Peter Schüffelgen Peter Grünberg Institute Prof. Dr. Miriam Menzel Helmholtz Doctoral Prize 2019 in the research field Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine Key Technologies

In 2019, Dr. Peter Schüffelgen, Dr. Felix Lüpke and Dr. Doreen Niether (from left) received the Jülich Excellence Prize, endowed with € 5,000 each, for their outstanding scientific work.

44 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures 45 PEOPLE

PUBLICATIONS

Visibility, effect, efficiency, transparency and sustainability in disseminating research results are the objectives of “open access”. The concept under- pins the digital strategy of the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF): scientific information is to be digitally accessible and usable free of charge and without technical or legal barriers. It provides scientists and researchers as well as interested citizens with easy access to research results. This is the purpose of the DEAL project, which in recent months has concluded further contracts with major scientific publishers, including the world’s largest open access agreement to date with Springer Nature in January 2020. The libraries of Forschungszentrum Jülich and Bielefeld Univer- sity jointly manage the National Contact Point Open Access of science organisations in Germany.

Ten journals with the most publications from Jülich in 2019

Journal Number of publications

Physical Review B 54 Scientific Reports 1) 44 Journal of the Electrochemical Society 2) 30 Journal of Power Sources 24 Physical Review Letters 24 Nuclear Materials and Energy 1) 23 Physical Review D 22 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 1) 22 Nature Communications 1) 22 International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2) 21

1) Open Access, 2) AuthorChoice Open Access

46 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures 47 PEOPLE

JÜLICH RESEARCHERS CITED FREQUENTLY

Prof. Simon Eickhoff and Prof. Karl Zilles (), both from the Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Prof. Björn Usadel and Dr. Hendrik Poorter from the Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, and Prof. Michael Saliba from the Photovoltaics section are among the most frequently cited scientists in the world. They were listed as “Highly Cited Researchers” by the Web of Science Group, which is part of Clarivate Analytics. This means that their publications are among the one per cent of the most cited in their field in the year of publication. Only those who are involved in several of these “Highly Cited Papers” will be accepted as one of the “Highly Cited Researchers”. In the current evaluation, this applied to 6,200 people worldwide.

Jülich publications in the past five years

Year Total In peer- of which with Books, other Doctoral theses, reviewed other institutions publications habilitations journals

2015 2,483 1,738 1,458 | 82.3% 630 115 2016 2,202 1,580 1,290 | 81.6% 521 101 2017 2,442 1,861 1,499 | 80.5% 460 121 2018 2,319 1,714 1,351 | 78.8% 458 147 2019 2,398 1,891 1,443 | 76.3% 400 107

46 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures 47 Jun.-Prof. Dirk Witthaut works in the field of energy systems research. At the interdisciplinary graduate school Helmholtz School for Data Science in Life, Earth and Energy (HDS-LEE), he is involved in training the next generation of data scientists.

48 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures 49 NET WO

RK Forschungszentrum Jülich networks disciplines and topics in cooperation with partners in the region. It is a contributor to the structural change in the Rhineland Page region and a committed driving 50–63 force behind this research region’s even greater exploitation of its potential – nationally, in Europe and across the globe. In the Jülich Aachen Research Alliance (JARA), we cooperate particularly closely with RWTH Aachen University.

48 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures 49 NETWORK

PUBLICATIONS WITH INTERNATIONAL PARTNERS

The international orientation of Jülich re- 8,767 papers with international partners.1) On search is reflected in numerous joint publica- average, each of these publications was cited tions with scientists all over the world. From more than 15 times by other researchers (ci- 2014 to 2018, Jülich researchers published tation index 15.45).

International network of Jülich institutes The Jülich institutes ( ) and the frequency of their joint publications with other countries ( ) (2014–2018); highlighted separately: countries with which they published most frequently ( 1 )

Switzerland Poland 550 300 Netherlands Russia 575 548

Sweden France Central Institute 407 1,016 of Engineering, 2 Electronics and Nuclear Physics Institute for Analytics Institute Advanced 213 481 Simulation Institute of 914 Energy and Climate Research USA Japan Institute of 1,583 2,521 Neuroscience and 370 Jülich Centre 1 for Neutron Science Institute of Medicine 769 Biological 1,366 Information China Processing 715 Spain Ernst Ruska-Centre 861 444 for Microscopy and 4 Spectroscopy with Electrons Peter Grünberg Institute of Bio- 153 Institute and Geosciences 1,066 1,614 3 Great Britain Australia 1,012 288

Belgium Canada 5 454 267 Italy Austria 613 277

1) Only publications that are indexed in the Web of Science were included.

50 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures 51 NETWORK

COOPERATIONS

Forschungszentrum Jülich works closely with numerous partners in Germany and abroad. In 2019, it was involved in 466 nationally funded research projects, 40 of which had a contract volume of € 2 million or more. 140 projects 466 were carried out together with several part- nationally funded ners, and 31 research associations were coor- research projects were dinated by Jülich. carried out in 2019 with Jülich participation. At the EU level, Forschungszentrum Jülich was involved in 132 projects from the current Horizon 2020 Framework Programme for Re- Jülich, which coordinated a total of 30 EU pro- search and Innovation in 2019, including 30 jects. From the previous 7th Research Frame- for which the Jülich contract volume ex- work Programme of the EU, Forschungszen ceeded € 1 million each. 18 of these projects trum Jülich was still receiving funding for eight were coordinated by Forschungszentrum projects with a total volume of € 4.2 million.

Visiting scientists 2019

2019: a total of 654 from 59 countries (broken down by percentage)

Eastern Western Germany Asia Europe Europe 1) 43 16 15 16

The Americas Other 1) excl. Germany 4 6

50 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures 51 NETWORK

EU-funded projects involving Forschungszentrum Jülich in 2019 Funding grants exceeding € 1 million

Jülich contract Acronym Project title volume (in euros)

Public Procurement of Innovative Solutions for 8,451,195 K PPI4HPC High-Performance Computing

EUROfusion European Consortium for the Development of Fusion Energy 6,800,000

HBP-SGA2 Human Brain Project Specific Grant Agreement 2 6,580,261

ICEI Interactive Computing E-Infrastructure for the Human Brain Project 5,203,968

VirtualBrainCloud Personalized Recommendations for Neurodegenerative Disease 3,736,729

Solid-State Neutron Detector – A new Neutron Detector for 2,952,455 K SoNDe High-Flux Applications

European infrastructure for Spectroscopy, Scattering and 2,758,396 K EUSMI Imaging of Soft Matter

K IntelliAQ Artificial Intelligence for Air Quality 2,498,761

K srEDM Search for Electric Dipole Moments Using Storage Rings 2,467,713

K PRACE-6IP PRACE 6th Implementation Phase Project 2,059,927

Dynamical Magnetic Excitations with Spin-Orbit Interaction in 1,994,879 K Dynasore Realistic Nanostructures

K DEEP-EST DEEP – Extreme Scale Technologies 1,967,100

ENVironmental Research Infrastructures building Fair services 1,914,475 ENVRI-FAIR Accessible for society, Innovation and Research

Simulation and Understanding of the Atmospheric Radical Budget 1,850,000 K SARLEP for Regions with Large Emissions from Plants

GEOTHERMICA GEOTHERMICA – ERA NET Cofund Geothermal 1,832,947

Proteolytic processing in plant stress signal transduction and 1,804,663 K PROPLANTSTRESS responses to abiotic stress and pathogen attack

European Multi-environment Plant pHenomics And Simulation 1,647,737 K EMPHASIS-PREP lnfraStructure – Preparatory Phase

EoCoE II Energy Oriented Center of Excellence: toward exascale for energy 1,499,156

K LightCas Light-controlled synthetic enzyme cascades 1,498,125

Open Quantum Neural Networks: from Fundamental Concepts 1,486,439 K QNets to Implementations with Atoms and Photons

52 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures 53 NETWORK

In 2020, the European Human Brain Project (HBP) has begun the final, three-year phase of its funding as a flagship project. Here, research into the functioning of the human brain and its diseases is combined with the development of new methods and the setting up of the digital research infrastructure EBRAINS for neuroscience.

Jülich contract Acronym Project title volume (in euros)

Impact and interaction of prophage elements in bacterial host 1,482,672 K PRO_PHAGE strains of biotechnological relevance

Custom-made biosensors – accelerating the transition to a 1,482,220 CUSTOM-SENSE bio-based economy

K CM3 Controlled Mechanical Manipulation of Molecules 1,465,944

EPPN2020 European Plant Phenotyping Network 2020 1,449,688

ERA-Net Smart Grid Plus: support deep knowledge sharing between 1,331,147 SMART GRID PLUS regional and European Smart Grids initiatives

K EPI SGA-1 Specific Grant Agreement 1 of the European Processor Initiative 1,296,750

OpenSuperQ An Open Superconducting Quantum Computer 1,196,431

K PRACE-5IP PRACE 5th Implementation Phase Project 1,030,668

SINE2020 World-class Science and Innovation with Neutrons in Europe 2020 1,017,360

K VIRTUALTIMES Exploring and Modifying the Sense of Time in Virtual Environments 1,011,936

K Forschungszentrum Jülich as coordinator

52 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures 53 NETWORK

Participation in EU programmes in the Framework Programme for Research and Innovation, Horizon 2020

Programme Number of Coordinated by Funding amount project grants Forschungszentrum Forschungszentrum Jülich Jülich (in euros)

Empir 2 – 131,250

EURATOM 10 – 8,917,272

Excellent Science 67 21 72,021,783

Industrial Leadership 12 2 5,945,885

Societal Challenges 38 7 15,451,857

Spreading Excellence and 3 – 758,644 Widening Participation

Horizon 2020 total 132 30 103,226,691

Industry cooperations important cooperation partners in 2019

Company Project Management

ATOS JUWELS booster

D-Wave JUNIQ quantum annealer

Google Quantum computer

Intel DEEP-EST

MTU Aero Engines GmbH EBC development, part 2

NVIDIA JUWELS booster

Partec JUWELS booster

RWE Power AG Oxidation on crack flanks

Scienta Omicron GmbH Manufacturing and delivery of a monochromatized electron source

TOSOH Corporation Analysis of the radioactive contamination of Zirconia powder

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PATENTS AND LICENSES PATENT PORTFOLIO CURRENT PATENT ACTIVITIES

Jülich research generates innovations from New patent applications in 2019 which industry and society benefit and which result in property rights and licence agree- 4 rest of world ments. Property rights include inventions for which patent applications have been filed as 9 European patent applications well as patents granted. The patent portfolio is Total made up of the patent families and the total number of property rights. 27 international PCT applications 70

1) Patent families 30 German patent 2015–2019 applications

501 455 415 418 412

Patents granted in 2019

5 German patents

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 55 other foreign patents Total Total number of property rights 2) 261 2015–2019

16,634 15,061 15,063 14,379 12,687 201 national patent rights from 33 European patent-granting procedures

Total number of licenses: 81 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 1) A patent family consists of one or more patents in Germany of which new or abroad that relate to one patentable technology. 7 2) The total number also includes European patent applications of which from abroad and international applications under the Patent Cooperation 25 (10 from the USA) Treaty (PCT), each of which comprises several individual property rights. 55 of which from SMEs

54 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures 55 NETWORK

JARA – JÜLICH AACHEN RESEARCH ALLIANCE

The University of Excellence RWTH Aachen JARA in figures University and Forschungszentrum Jülich As of: 31.12.2019 have been pooling their expertise in the Jülich Aachen Research Alliance (JARA) since 2007. Appointments since 2006 Oriented towards the major challenges facing society, they carry out joint projects in the Joint professorial appointments 1) 672) five research sections of brain research (JA- RA-BRAIN), sustainable energy (JARA-EN- ERGY), particle physics and antimatter (JA- Publications 2019 RA-FAME), future information technologies (JARA-FIT) and soft matter research (JA- of all institutions involved in JARA 2,719 RA-SOFT) as well as in the JARA Center for Joint publications 1,007 Simulation and Data Sciences (JARA-CSD). 1) not including members of the Board of Directors With this cooperation between a university 2) peer-reviewed publications

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NEUROTEC is funded with over € 13 million from the immediate action programme for structural change of the Federal and State Governments.

and a research institution, which is unique in tific landscape further towards overcoming all of Germany, Forschungszentrum Jülich the juxtaposition of university and non- contributes to developing the German scien- university teaching and research.

HELMHOLTZ SCHOOL FOR DATA SCIENCE IN LIFE, EARTH AND ENERGY, HDS-LEE

Being able to deal competently with large, het- Earth and Energy”, offers 24 doctoral re- erogeneous amounts of data and use them for searchers the opportunity to conduct research a variety of applications – these are qualities and acquire skills in this field. They work on in- that are increasingly needed to meet chal- terdisciplinary projects at the interface be- lenges in science and business. Founded in tween data science and the research domains 2019, the international graduate school, of life & medical sciences, earth sciences or “Helmholtz School for Data Science in Life, energy systems/materials. For example, they

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process and analyse large, heterogeneous time tence centre for computer and data infrastruc- series from the operation of power supply, tures, user support and methodological and from energy markets and from energy meteor- disciplinary research in the fields of simulation, ology to improve the operation of future energy data analysis and HPC technologies. Project systems. The doctoral candidates are sup- partners are RWTH Aachen University, the ported in their academic and personal develop- German Aerospace Center e. V. (DLR) and the ment by block courses in computer science as University of Cologne. The graduate school will well as transferable skills courses and career run from March 2019 to February 2025 and is development opportunities. HDS-LEE is part of funded by the Helmholtz Association of Ger- the JARA-CSD: founded in 2018, it is a compe- man Research Centres (HGF).

BRAIN-INSPIRED INFORMATION PROCESSING The need to store and process data continues decisive functional units. Understanding the to grow exponentially. The miniaturisation of mechanisms of these switching processes components alone can no longer meet these and controlling the relevant defects on the increasing demands. Fundamental changes in nanometre scale is intended to make new ap- computer architecture and hardware are re- proaches in electronics possible. Great pro- quired instead. Scientists from the JARA-FIT gress has been made here in recent years. In and JARA-BRAIN sections make significant the third funding phase, which began in 2019, contributions here. the aim is to use rational material design to improve the microscopic understanding of The Collaborative Research Centre “Resis- these switching phenomena. The aim is to de- tively Switching Chalcogenides for Future velop new types of non-volatile memory and Electronic – Structure, Kinetics and Device energy-efficient components that could make Scaling ‘Nanoswitches’” aims at realising it possible in future to build computers mod- novel data storage and new computing para- elled on the brain. digms with the help of nanoswitches. Whereas the aim of conventional semicon- The JARA project, “Neuro-inspired technolo- ductor electronics is to reduce defects in the gies of artificial intelligence for the elec- materials as far as possible, the Aachen and tronics of the future” NEUROTEC, started in Jülich researchers headed by JARA Professor early 2020, is also concerned with transfer- Matthias Wuttig use precisely these defects ring the performance of the brain to computer to build switches in the nanometre range. In architectures. Together with industrial part- certain metal oxides, the so-called higher ners, scientists from Jülich and Aachen led by chalcogenides, switching processes can be project coordinator JARA Professor Rainer realised in which structural defects are the Waser (JARA-FIT) are working on the devel-

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opment of new materials and electronic com- been assumed that information was pro- ponents for computers, which, like the human cessed particularly well at so-called critical brain, are characterised by high parallelism points – areas where the activity of nerve and energy efficiency (see p. 25). With the cells increases abruptly in a short time. The replication of the basic functions of human JARA scientists have now discovered a differ- synapses, the JARA-FIT Institute Green IT ent form of criticality in which not only neu- succeeded in taking a first step towards the rons are activated simultaneously, but large construction of a so-called “neuromorphic” groups are also specifically inhibited. This computer (see p. 25). means that there is a high number of combi- nations of active and inactive neurons. The A team of researchers working with the researchers suspect this to be the reason that JARA-BRAIN scientists Prof. Moritz Helias, our brain can process information so effec- Prof. Sonja Grün, Prof. Markus Diesmann and tively in parallel. The findings were published Dr. David Dahmen gained new insights into in the journal PNAS (www.pnas.org/content/ how parallel information processing with low 116/26/13051). The research work is part of energy consumption is possible in the brain. the Human Brain Project, an EU flagship pro- They discovered a previously unknown dy- gramme. namic of neural networks. Until now, it had

58 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures 59 NETWORK

PROJECT MANAGEMENT PROJECT MANAGEMENT JÜLICH Within the scope of project funding, Project Research (BMBF), for Economic Affairs and Management Jülich (PtJ) implements re- Energy (BMWi), for the Environment, Nature search and innovation funding programmes Conservation and Nuclear Safety (BMU), of and thus the funding policy objectives of its Transport and Digital Infrastructure (BMVI) clients at federal and state level as well as of and other federal authorities, as well as the the European Commission. PtJ works on be- federal states Bavaria, Baden-Württemberg, half of the Federal Ministries of Education and North Rhine-Westphalia and Mecklenburg- Western Pomerania. PtJ integrates national and European funding in the three business areas of energy, sustainable development, PtJ employees and innovation and knowledge transfer. The according to location, 2019 portfolio covers the entire innovation chain, from basic research and market entry to the Total anchoring of innovations in society.

In 2019, the volume of funding managed rose 1,210 by 11.4 per cent to around € 1.95 billion. The number of ongoing projects increased to 28,146; 10,748 new projects were approved. Of these, 22,664 projects with a funding volume of around € 1.78 billion were accounted Rostock for by federal programmes. The main client of 36 PtJ is the BMBF with about 40.2 per cent of the funding volume managed, followed by the BMWi with 37 per cent, the BMU with 8.6 per Jülich Berlin cent and the BMVI with 5 per cent. The states 660 495 have a share of 6.4 per cent. For the programmes of federal states of Bavaria, Baden-Württemberg, North Rhine-West- Bonn phalia and Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, 19 PtJ managed a total of 5,150 projects with a funding volume of around € 122 million.

On 31 December 2019, PtJ had 1,210 employees at its four locations in Jülich, Berlin, Ros- tock and Bonn.

60 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures 61 NETWORK

PROJECT MANAGEMENT ENERGY, TECHNOLOGY, SUSTAINABILITY (ETN) 1,005 projects were Project Management ETN has been working managed by ETN in 2019 – an exclusively for the state of North Rhine-West- increase by more than phalia in the field of research funding for over 20 per cent 25 years. In addition to energy research, ETN supports projects on climate protection, new mobility and electromobility, health economy In 2019, the number of projects managed by and regional funding projects. Gender aspects ETN rose by more than 20 per cent to 1,005, and digitisation processes are firmly an- the funding volume to € 389 million. The chored at ETN as cross-cutting issues. number of employees increased to 84.

Projects handled by ETN 1) As of: 31.12.2019

Funding measure Number of projects Funding amount (in millions of euros)

Leitmarkt EnergieUmweltwirtschaft.NRW 173 80.30

Leitmarkt Gesundheit.NRW 187 57.60

Leitmarkt MobilitätLogistik.NRW 163 52.90

Leitmarkt Produktion.NRW 17 5.23

Climate change measuers 217 75.27

North Rhine-Westphalian energy projects 49 40.00

European Energy Award 81 1.93

EnergyAgency.NRW 16 57.30

Digital and stationary retail 24 1.78

Innovationsregion Rheinisches Revier 1 2.01

Atlas-ITG 1 1.99

Digital model regions 15 13.14

Total 1,005 389.46

1) On 1 June 2020, Project Management ETN was merged with Project Management Jülich.

60 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures 61 NETWORK

WORK AT OTHER LOCATIONS 10 Forschungszentrum Jülich operates 11 branch offices in Germany and abroad with unique large-scale facilities, plus 8 9 joint institutes with universities and the sites of the project managements. 1 2 3 4 1 Münster Helmholtz-Institute Münster (HI MS): Ionics in Energy Storage, 7 in cooperation with RWTH Aachen University and the University of Münster (WWU Münster) 5 2 Dortmund 6 Peter Grünberg Institute operates Beamline at the synchrotron radiation source DELTA at TU Dortmund University 7 Erlangen/Nuremberg Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg 3 Düsseldorf for Renewable Energy (HI ERN) External Funding Management in cooperation with Friedrich-Alexander- division operates a branch office of Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and the biotechnology cluster BIO.NRW Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin (HZB) 4 Bonn 8 Berlin Project Management Jülich Peter Grünberg Institute and 5 Freiburg Central Institute of Engineering Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine operates a beamline at the electron operates the Coordination Site of the storage ring BESSY II at the University of Bernstein Network 9 Berlin Freiburg for solving neuronal processes Project Management Jülich

6 Garching 10 Rostock Jülich Centre for Neutron Science Project Management Jülich (JCNS) operates the Heinz Maier-Leibnitz 11 Hamburg Zentrum at the research reactor in Institute of Biological Garching along with the Technical Information Processing University of Munich and the Centre for Structural Systems Biology Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht (CSSB) with the X-ray source “European

62 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures NETWORK

12 14 13 15

XFEL” for deciphering molecular Scientifique (CNRS, France) and the mechanisms, operated together with Science and Technology Facilities nine partner institutions Council (STFC, UK)

12 Argonne (USA) 15 Trieste (Italy) Peter Grünberg Institute Peter Grünberg Institute separate beamline at Argonne National operates Beamline at the Laboratory Synchrotron Trieste

13 Oak Ridge (USA) Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS) The activities of the Peter Grünberg operates a measuring instrument at the Institute in the area of synchrotron spallation neutron source SNS at Oak radiation in Dortmund, Berlin, Trieste Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) and Argonne are coordinated by the Jülich Synchrotron Radiation 14 Grenoble (France) Laboratory (JSRL). Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS) The JCNS operates neutron scattering instruments at the neutron sources operates an instrument at the high-flux FRM II, ILL and SNS under the one roof reactor of the Institut Laue-Langevin of a common strategy. (ILL); shareholder along with the Commis- sariat à l’Energie Atomique (CEA, France), Other locations of Forschungszentrum the Centre National de la Recherche Jülich

FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures 63 NOTES

BODIES AND COMMITTEES

BODIES COMMITTEES

PARTNERS’ MEETING SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL COUNCIL

The Partners’ Meeting is the principal deci- Prof. Dr. Astrid Kiendler-Scharr sion-making body of Forschungszentrum Chair, Institute of Energy and Climate Jülich GmbH. It is composed of members rep- Research resenting the Federal Republic of Germany and the federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia. The Scientific and Technical Council (WTR) advises the Partners’ Meeting, the Supervi- sory Board and the Board of Directors on SUPERVISORY BOARD all issues associated with the strategic orien- MinDir Volker Rieke tation of Forschungszentrum Jülich and on Chairman, Federal Ministry of Education all scientific and technical issues of general and Research importance.

www.fz-juelich.de/st-council The Supervisory Board supervises the lawful- ness, expedience and economic efficiency of management. It makes decisions on impor- SCIENTIFIC ADVISORY COUNCIL tant research-related and financial issues of Dr. Heike Riel the company. Chair, IBM Research – Zurich, Switzerland www.fz-juelich.de/supervisory-board The Scientific Advisory Council advises BOARD OF DIRECTORS Forschungszentrum Jülich on all scientific and technical issues of general importance. Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wolfgang Marquardt This includes Jülich’s strategy and planning of Chairman research and development activities, the pro- motion of the optimal usage of research facil- The Board of Directors conduct the business ities, and any questions related to collabora- affairs of Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH in tions with universities and other research accordance with the partnership agreement. institutions. They report to the Supervisory Board. The contact for all questions and concerns relat- www.fz-juelich.de/scientific-advisory- ing to the Board of Directors is the Office of council the Board of Directors.

www.fz-juelich.de/board-of-directors

64 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures NOTES

FINANCES

FINANCING 2019

In 2019, Forschungszentrum Jülich received Third-party funding consists of the acquisi- institutional funding from the Federal and tion of international (EU funding) and national State governments amounting to € 415 mil- project funding, of R&D and infrastructure lion, representing 57 per cent of total financ- services (contracts), and of project manage- ing, to cover operating expenses and to imple- ment on behalf of the Federal Republic of Ger- ment investment measures. In addition, many and the federal state of North Rhine- Forschungszentrum Jülich’s third-party fund- Westphalia. National project funding includes ing totalled € 316 million, representing 43 per funding from the federal government, the cent of the total funding. state government, the DFG and other domestic bodies.

31 EU funding 107 Project management organisations

60 Contracts Financing 2019 118 National 731 project funding 415 million euros Institutional funding

Financing in 2019 covers all research areas of zentrum Jülich’s financing (> 90 per cent) Forschungszentrum Jülich as well as other comes from public funds. The remainder orig- statutory tasks. The majority of Forschungs- inates from cooperations with the industry.

FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures 65 NOTES

BUDGET FOR BASIC AND THIRD-PARTY FUNDING OF THE RESEARCH AREAS IN 2019

In 2019, all four research areas of For round of the programme-oriented research schungszentrum Jülich – Energy, Earth and (POF III). The full costs are shown below in Environment, Matter and Key Technologies – their percentage distribution. and their programmes were in the third

30% Energy 47% Key Technologies 8% Earth and Environment

15% Matter

The full costs of the four research areas a breakdown of basic and third-party amounted to € 447 million in 2019. Below is funding into individual research areas.

210 68 37 132

146 47 Third-party funding 85 Basic funding 14 54 9 28

Key Technologies Matter Earth and Environment Energy in millions of euros

Third-party funding per research area is funds that are allocated programmatically between 21 and 36 per cent. Only third-party were taken into account.

66 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures NOTES

CONTACT

CORPORATE COMMUNICATIONS

Dr. Anne Rother Head There’s Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH more! 52425 Jülich, Germany Read our online magazine Tel: +49 2461 61-4661 effzett now Fax: +49 2461 61-4666 [email protected] www.fz-juelich.de

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MEDIA

You can order our publications free of charge Newsletter “Jülich News” of or download them online at: Forschungszentrum Jülich (in German): http://www.fz-juelich.de/portal/EN/Press/ https://fz-juelich.de/juelich-news magazines-infomaterials/_node.html Campus app of Forschungszentrum Jülich: Our online magazine: https://fz-juelich.de/campus-app effzett.fz-juelich.de/en Jülich Blogs: Social Media Communication https://www.fz-juelich.de/blogs_en of Forschungszentrum Jülich: https://www.fz-juelich.de/portal/EN/ Press/social-media/_node.html

FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures 67 NOTES

PUBLICATION DETAILS

Facts and figures • Published by: Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH • 52425 Jülich, Germany • Editorial team: Dr. Wiebke Rögener, Annette Stettien, Anne Rother (responsible under German Press Law) • Authors: Annette Stettien, Dr. Wiebke Rögener • Graphics and layout: SeitenPlan GmbH Corporate Publishing • Translation: ROTPUNKT•Texte & Bild • Picture credits: Forschungs- zentrum Jülich (4-5, 9, 10, 11, 13, 17, 34, 36, 37), Forschungszentrum Jülich/Sascha Kreklau (8, 32-33, 41, 48-49, 53), Forschungszentrum Jülich/Ralf-Uwe Limbach (19, 21, 46-47, 56-57), Forschungszentrum Jülich/Wilhelm-Peter Schneider (35), Forschungszentrum Jülich/Stein- hausen (45), GreenLandStudio/Shutterstock (68), koya979/Shutterstock (59), jan kranendonk/ Shutterstock (7), SeitenPlan (illustrations) (cover, 2, 14, 16, 39, 50, 60, 62-63), JasperSuijten/ Shutterstock (22-23), jaroslava V/Shutterstock (15) • Printed by: Schloemer Group GmbH • Print run: 1,400

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As of: August 2020

In 2010, Forschungszentrum Jülich was certified as part of the “audit berufundfami- lie” initiative. The fourth successful re-audit took place on 15 June 2020.

68 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH Facts and Figures

JÜLICH FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM FACTS AND FIGURES