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ECONOMIC BULLETIN for AFRICA Vol ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR AFRICA Addis Ababa ECONOMIC BULLETIN FOR AFRICA Vol. V, JANUARY 1965 UNITED NATIONS, New York CONTENTS Chapter Pages A. I General features of world production and trade in 1963 A.II Recent developments in African trade 2 B.l Recent demographic levels and trends in Africa ... .. ... ... ... ... ... ... .. ... ... 30 B.ll Draft outline of the first Five-Year Plan of the Republic of the Congo ... ... ... .. ... 80 B. Ill The economic development of Zambia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 84 NOTE Symbols of the United Nations documents are composed of capital letters combined with figures. Mention of such a symbol indicates a reference to a United Nations document. E/CN.I4/ 345 UNITED NATIONS PUBLICATrON Sales No. : 65.11..K.6 Sales price : U.S.S 1.50 (or equivalent in other curriencies) LIST OF TABLES Pages A. Production, export and value of Africa's main primary commodities, 1960-1963 4 A. 2 Primary commodities: World export price index, 1959-1964 5 A. 3 Cocoa: World and African production of cocoa beans, 1953/54-1963/64 ... 6 A. 4 Cocoa: Volume and value of world and African exports of cocoa beans, 1958-1962 6 A. 5 Cocoa: Exports of cocoa beans from selected African countries, by destination, 1958-1963 7 A. 6 Cocoa: Export earnings as percentage of total export proceeds, 1958-1962 8 A. 7 Cocoa: Prices in selected international markets, 1958-1964 ... 8 A. 8 Coffee: Production in Africa, 1948/49-1963/64 9 A. 9 Coffee: Exports from selected African countries, 1959-1963 9 A. 10 Price of coffee in selected international markets, 1958-1964 10 A. 11 Tea: Production in Africa, 1948/52-1963 10 A. 12 Tea: Exports from selected African countries, 1959-1963 11 A. 13 Prices of tea in selected international markets, 1958-1964 11 A. 14 Vegetable oils and oilseeds: World exports, by major categories, from primary producing countries, 1956-1963 ... 12 A. 15 Vegetable oils and oilseeds: Exports from selected African countries, 1956-1962 13 A. 16 Groundnuts: Production in selected African countries, 1948/49-1962/63 14 A. 17 Groundnuts: Exports from selected African countries, 1956-1963 14 A. 18 Groundnut oil: Prices in selected international markets, 1959-1964 15 A. 19 Olive oil: Production in Africa, 1947/48-1962/63 16 A. 20 Olive oil: Exports from Africa, 1956-1963 16 A. 21 Palm oil: Production in selected African countries, 1948/49-1963/64 17 A. 22 Palm oil: Exports from selected African countries, 1956-1963 17 A. 23 Palm oil: Prices in selected international markets, 1959-1964 18 A. 24 Palm kernels: Production in selected African countries, 1948/49-1963/64 19 A. 25 Palm kernels and oils: Exports from selected African countries 19 A. 26 Sisal: African production of sisal, 1948/52 and 1956/63 20 A. 27 Sisal: International prices, 1952-1964 20 A. 28 Cotton: Production of cotton in Africa, 1957/58-1963/64 21 A. 29 Cotton: Exports of cotton from Africa, 1957/58-1962/63 22 A. 30 Cotton: Prices c.i.f. Liverpool, 1961/62-1963/64 22 A. 31 Rubber: World consumption of rubber, 1950-1963 23 A. 32 African exports of natural rubber, 1953-1963 23 A. 33 Wood: World and African remova1s of roundwood, 1950-1962 24 A. 34 Wood: Exports of hardwood logs from selected African countries by species, 1962 and 1963 24 A. 35 Copper: Production in selected African countries, 1958-1963 25 A. 36 Copper, Exports from Africa, 1957-1963 25 A. 37 Copper: Wholesale prices in selected international markets, 1959-1964 26 A. 38 Iron ore: Wholesale prices in selected markets, 1959-1964 27 A. 39 Iron ore (Fe content): Production in selected African countries, 1956-1962 27 A. 40 Bauxite: Production in Africa, 1958-1962 28 A. 41 Petroleum: Production in Africa, 1959-1963 29 1 * -i- B. Area and estimated total population of the world regions, 1920-60 31 B. 2 World: Regional estimated density of population, 1960 31 B. 3 Rates of growth of population in world regions, 1920-60 ... 32 B. 4 Estimated percentage of total population in urban areas in the world region, 1950 33 B. 5 Trends in total and urban population in world regions, 1800-1950 34 B. 6 Binh and death rates in world regions, 1956-60 ... 35 B. 7 Crude activity rates in world regions . .. 36 B. 8 Age specific activity rates for males in world regions 36 B. 9 Area and estimated total population by countries, 1960 38 B. 10 Africa: Estimated density of population, by sub-region 40 B.ll Rates of growth of population . .. 42 B. 12 Percentage distribution of population in age groups 43 B. 13 Sex-ratio of population 45 B. 14 Sex-ratio of population in localities of different sizes 47 B. 15 Percentage distribution by ethnic composition of total population 4 B. 16 Africa: Estimated percentage of total population in urban areas, by sub-region 50 B. 17 Rates of growth of urban and total population .. ... ... .. 52 B. 18 Average size of private household and its distribution in size groups ... 53 B. 19 Crude birth rates, general fertility rates and gross reproduction rates ... 55 B. 20 Birth rate, gross reproduction rate, death rate and life expectancy at birth in the African sub- regions ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 57 B. 21 Fertility rates (per 1000) by age of mother .. 57 B. 22 Percentage of ever-married females by age groups 58 B. 23 Birth and death rates in urban and rural areas of selected African countries 59 B. 24 Fertility rate (per 1000 women) in monogamous and polygamous unions .. 59 n. 25 Fertility rate (per 1000 women) in monogamous and polygamous unions, Congo (Leopold- ville), 1955-57 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. ... ... 60 B. 26 Crude death rates, infant mortality rates and rates of natural increase ... 60 B. 27 Mortality rates by age and sex (per 1000) .. ... .. ... ... .. 62 D. 28 Distribution of 24 population groups in Africa according to the level of infant mortality rate and the percentage of deaths before 28 days 65 B. 29 Expectancy of life at birth 65 B. 30 Recorded immigration and emigration . .. .. 66 B. 31 Sex ratio (number of males per lOO females) and age structure of the long-term international migrants .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 67 B. 32 Crude economic activity rates by sex: indigenous (African) populations 68 B. 33 Crude economic activity rates by sex : non-indigenous (non-African) populations .. 69 B. 34 Age specific activity rates by sex; indigenous (African) population .. .. ... .. 70 B. 35 Age specific activity rates in selected African countries: non-indigenous (non-African) male populations .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 71 D. 36 Percentage of male salaried employees and wage earners to total economically active males: indigenous (African) population ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 72 B. 37 Percentage distribution of the economically active population in industries by sex ... .. 73 B. 38 Assumed rates of growth of gross national product and population in selected African countries 77 B. 39 Growth of population under different assumptions of demographic strategy .. .. 78 B. 40 Growth of gross national product under different assumptions of economic growth 79 -ii- Chapter A. I. GENERAL FEATURES OF WORLD PRODUCTION AND TRADE IN 1963 The pace of world economi.:: growth continued primary producing countries, it reached 9 per cent. to be brisk in 1963. This was due, in the main, to As their imports increased faster than their the continued increase - though at a slower rate than exports, the balance of trade of nearly all centrally in 1962- of industrial production. Primary produc­ planned countries and most industrial market eco­ tion slackened, especially in agriculture, as a result nomies deteriorated between 1962 and 1963. The of pocr harvests. latter suffered a small loss in reserve, while in the The rate of growth was not, however, uniform former group, the USSR met the deficits, in good throughout the world. It was quicker in the industrial part, by the sale of gold. countries of Western Europe, North America and The increase in the exports of primary produc­ Japan but slower in the centrally planned, while ing countries was due, in part, to an increase in their in countries exporting primary products, the old quantum, and in part, to a rise in prices. The prices rate was just maintained. of most food products rose significantly as a result Industrial production in developed market and of the failure of harvests in industrial countries, centrally planned economies expanded by around the sharpest rises being in the case of coffee and 5 per cent, and in primary producing countries by sugar, while prices of some non-food crops, e.g, 7 per cent. jute and rubber, declined. The index of mineral Agricultural production in the first group suffer­ prices remained more or less constant. The net ed as a result of poor harvests; in the second, it result was an increase in the combined price index experienced varying fortunes in different economies, of primary commodities. In fact, commodity price but in nearly all of them the performance fell short indices, many of which had reached the bottom in of plan targets. July 1962, finished the year 1964 at the highest level since 1959. In spite of their greater export earnings World production of primary commodities in­ and the improvement in their balance of payments, creased by 1.9 per cent as compared with the rate however, the primary commodity producing coun­ of 3.9 per cent in 1961-62. tries did not allow their imports to increase signi­ The quantum of world trade expanded faster ficantly, so that their total foreign exchange reserves than in the preceding two years, while the unit value rose by approximately 25 per cent between Sep­ of exports improved slightly.
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