The NIH Record

U.S. Department February 2 National of Health 1982 Institutes and Vol.XXXIV of Human Services No. 3 Health

Army Medal Given Dr. Kornberg's Laboratory Creates To NCI Administrator DNA Synthesis Initiation Action Quick thinking and the application of By Doris Parker lifesaving CPR techniques to an uncon· A long-sought ,system recently de• scious soldier has earned the U.S. Army's veloped in the Stanford University Achievement Medal for Captain James D. laboratory of Nobel Prize winner Dr. Arthur Doyle, Jr., administrative officer of the Bio­ Kornberg- a 20-year grantee of the Na­ logical Response Modifiers Program, Divi­ tional Institute of General Medical sion of Cancer Treatment, NCI, at the Sciences-should significantly ease the Frederick Cancer Research Facility. way for researchers studying cell growth Capt. Doyle, who is commander o f the and cancer. Headquarters Company 352 Civil Affairs The newly discovered system, which in­ Command, in Riverdale, Md., was cited for itiates bacterial DNA replication- the applying emergency medical procedures to beginning of cell division and growth- in a soldier found lying in a stairwell. Capt. the test tube, can now be manipulated in a Dr. Kornberg (c) has spent 25 years in genetic Doyle continued closed cardiac massage research. In 1959 the biochemist received the controlled environment by scientists. As a Nobel Prize for creating synthetic DNA in the until medical assistance arrived at the re­ result, crucial questions, including those serve center. laboratory for the first time. Participating in his concerning the biochemistry of uncon­ latest achievement in recombinant DNA tech· This is not the only time that the Army trolled growth, can be asked with greater nology was Dr. Jon M. Kaguni (I) and Ph.D. bio­ has recognized Capt. Doyle's quick re­ chance for useful answers. chemistry candidate Robert S. Fuller. sponse in a life-threatening situation. In Although Dr. Kornberg and his co­ 1980, he was returned to active duty as a workers, Robert Fuller and Dr. Jon Kaguni, feels sure that an understanding of DNA refugee specialist to assist in the settle• feel that the new system can eventually repl ication in bacteria will give reliable in­ ment of the Cuban " boat people" at the make possible an understanding of many sights into replication in higher organisms. Indian Town Gap, Pa., refugee center. biological puzzles, including mutation, em­ " There is a universal use of basic bio• When the first bus load arrived, one ref­ bryonic development and carcinogenesis, chemical patterns throughout nature that ugee collapsed after leaving the bus be• they caution that the system is only a warrants our confidence that regulation of cause of several broken ribs received in a beginning-that it is a tool for further these processes, when understood in one beating the day before by Cuban police. research. system, will become far easier to under­ The refugee was placed in a comfortable The biochemistry of many basic opera­ stand in all systems," he said. breathing position by Capt. Doyle, who t ions performed by DNA molecules is es­ " We sought this system for many years then applied mouth-to-mouth resuscitation, sentially identical in bacteria, plants, without success," Dr. Kornberg recalled. treated the man for shock, and called for animals and humans. Thus, Dr. Kornberg (See DR. KORNBERG, Page 10) further medical assistance. Capt. Doyle, who speaks Spanish, was (See CAPTAIN DOYLE, Page 7) NIH Black History Month Observance Starts Feb. 5

Afro-American History: Blueprint for Sur­ On Feb. 10, the Honorable Chief A. Y. vival is the theme of the 10th annual Black Eke, Ambassador of Nigeria, and Dr. Ed· History Month Observance to take place at ward Robinson, city manager of Phi ladel• NIH in February. phia, are the main speakers. The day's The NIH Black Cultural Committee has theme will be Black America's Relation· planned a series of events featuring promi­ ship to Africa. nent speakers, musical entertainment and On Feb. 17, Dr. John Slaughter, National theatrical productions. Science Foundation Director, will keynote Each program will be held at noon in the the program with his address on the Black Masur Auditorium. Scientist's Role in American History. On Feb. 5, noted stage and screen stars On Feb. 18, Dr. Henry C. Gregory, pastor Ruby Dee and Ossie Davis will keynote the of Shiloh Baptist Church, Washington, celebration. They will delve into Black D.C., will be the principal speaker. He will History: From a Theatrical Perspective. talk on Social Concerns of the 80's. On Feb. 9, Dr. J. Alfred Smith, pastor of Among the many groups performing dur­ the Al len Temple Baptist Church of Oak­ ing the month's observance programs will land, Calif., will be the featured speaker. be the Pin Points Theatrical Company, Car­ He will discuss the Black Church's Role in doza High School Choir, Bridgetower A typical scene on the NIH campus during American History. String Quartet, and Our Lady of Perpetual the past storm-swept weeks. For a detailed Help Dance Company. D report on how snow removal is accomplished, see Page 3. The NIH Record

Pub lished biweekly at Bethesda, Md,, by the Editonal Operations Branch. Division o f Public Info rmation, lor the information of employees o t the Nati onal l nstitules of Health, Department o f Health and Human Serll'1ces, ano c irculated by request to writers and to researct"lers 1n biomedical and related 11eI0s. The con tent Is reptin table without permission Pictu res may be available on rnouest

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NIH Record Office Slag. 31 Room 28-03, Pnooe 496-2125

Editor Jerry Gordon

Stall Writers Willia m 8 . Remckens Joyce F McCarthy

Staff Correspondents These are the six doctors and seven nurses, who volunteered and carried emergency medical sup­ cc. Barbara Smakula, OCRT. Willi am Hall: DPM, Judy Fouche: DAG. Sue Meadows; ORR. Barbara Men,ck: OAS. Arthur F. plies on board a U.S. Air Force helicopter during the Jan. 13 heavy snow storm. They flew from the Moore: FIC, Susan P. Star1<: NCI, Pa1ric 1a A t~ewman; NEI. Mar• National Naval Medical Center to the disaster scene at the 14th Street Bridge. The physicians are (I Sha Corbell, NHLBI. 8111 Sanaers, N IA, Ann Dleffeobacn: NIAID. to r): Ors. Frank W. Putnam (volunteered but elected to stay to maintain patient care at the CC), Carl Jeanne WinnIck: NIA.DOK. Barbara Weldon: NICHD. Pamela Patow, Steven Edge, Christopher Weiss, Joseph E. Parrillo, James H. Shelhamer, and Paul H. Sugar­ Dr,scoll, NIDA, Sally W1lberdiog, N IEHS. Hugh J. Lee, NIGMS, Wanda Waiddell: NIMH, Har

FIC Workshop on Catechol Estrogens To Be Held

An International Workshop on Catechol past 5 years have newer methods permit­ Estrogens w ill be sponsored by the Fo­ ted systematic exploratio ns in this f ield. garty International Center, Feb. 17-19. The The meeting will cover the topics of catechol estrogens are compounds pos­ chemistry, enzymology, physiology, and sessing biologic properties of both brain neuroendocrine effects and was organized neurotransmitters and the female sex hor­ by Ors. M. B. Lipsett, Director, Clinical mones. Center, and G. R. Merriam, National In­ Some studies have suggested a unique stitute of Child Health a nd Human ro le for the catechol estrogens in the Development. regulatio n of those hypothalamic areas The workshop is scheduled for Cont. concerned with control of gonadotropin Rm. 10, Bldg. 31, beginning at 1 p.m. o n and prolaclin secretion and, therefore, of Wednesday, Feb. 17. Preregistration is ovarian function. necessary; write or telephone: Mrs. Nancy Additionally, catecho l estrogens are a E. Shapiro, Fogarty International Center, primary route of metabolism of the female NIH, Bldg. 16A, Rm. 202, Bethesda, Md. Or. Joe R. Held, Division of Research Services' sex hormones-the estrogens. Only i n the 20205, or call (301) 496-2517.' Director, presented the NIH Director's Award of Merit to Jean C. Holland for superior perform­ Fitness Evaluation and Training ance as secretary to the Director, and for the Topic of Bike Club Meeting prominent role she has played in successfully communicating the Division's policies. Physical fitness evaluation and training for endurance, strength and flexibility w ill Training Tips be discussed by Bernie Flynn, an expert in exercise physiology, at the Tuesday, Feb. The fo llowing courses sponsored by the 16, meeting of the NIH Bicycle Commuter Division of Personnel Management are Club, to be held at noon, in Bldg. 29, Rm. given in Bldg. 31. 115. Course For additional information call Lou Office Skills Starts Deadline M occ a, 496-1920. C Medical Terminology I 2123 2/8 Medical Terminology II 2/23 2/8 Tax Office Opens Feb. 16 Tax forms, tax information, and limited Supervisory and assistance in computing 1981 returns will Management be available for NIH employees beginning Quality Circle Concepts 3/24 3/2 and Techniques Tuesday, Feb. 16, in Bldg. 31 , Rm. 4B-34. The tax office hours will be: To learn more about courses in office and • For tax assistance (walk-in service)- communication skills, contact the Training 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. Anthony H. Chloe, animal caretaker foreman, Di­ Assistance Branch, DPM, 496-2146. • For tax assistance (by appointment vision of Research Services, Veterinary Re­ For further information on supervisory only)- 8:30 to 10 a.m., and 2 to 5 p.m.; sources Branch, Small Animal Section, received telephone 496-5199. No calls will be taken the 1981 Technicians Award from the National and management courses, contact the Ex­ Capital Area branch of the American Associa­ ecutive and Management Development before Feb. 16. tion o f Laboratory Animal Sciences. He currently Branch, DPM, 496-6371. Tax forms may also be obtained in the Is the supervisor of the animal colonies In Bldg. Westwood Bldg., Rm. 436. □ 14F.

Page 2 The NIH Record February 2, 1982 Plows and People Push Snow Away Here

After the last massive piece of snow The job of snow removal from NIH in­ removal equipment is parked and the whirl­ volves the marshalling of a fleet of ing brushes of sidewalk snow sweepers specialized equipment; the calllng in of have become silent, the crew members of drivers, shovelers and mechanics from the Grounds Maintenance and Landscap­ their warm beds in the very early a.m. so ing Branch, DES, will have cleared all the that NIH roadways, steps, and small snow from the NIH campus at least 6 walkways are made reasonably safe for times since the beginning of this year's the arrival of workers in the morning; and winter madness that has sent temper­ it also calls for the intuition and ability to atures plunging and left clogged road­ diagnose an approaching snow or ice ways. storm in order that a strategy be Since Jan. 13, when blinding, heavy developed to contain its effects. snow closed NIH 13arly, there has been a Snow removal is the responsibility of succession of snow storms practically Thomas J. Cook, branch chief, whose within days of each other. organization in more temperate times also takes care of the "flora and fauna" on ,.,. campus. " I like to get a call when the first flake falls," he says. He is notified at Operator Paul Dorsey gets ready to start one of home by the NIH Special Police if a snow­ the tractors that uses a 12-foot iron basket to storm should come into the area after nor­ remove snow. mal working hours. Every winter, NIH will spread along its who by education is a landscape architect, roadways and parking lots a staggering and by experience must try to predict with amount of abrasives to keep them man­ a great degree of accuracy how a winter ageable. Over 500 tons of sand, between storm will affect driving and what will be 200 and 300 tons of rock salt, and 20 tons of needed to keep NIH open to traffic and salt additives will be used to assist in the pedestrians. clearing of 17 miles of sidewalks, 10½ If a weather forecast should call for miles of roadways, and over 47 acres of heavy snow and icy conditions, Mr. Cook parking and service areas. and his operations foreman, M r. Freeman " Generally, we won't plow unless we get Miller, will assemble key personnel and more than 2 inches because of the assign them with equipment to different Charles M. Fillah patrols in his jeep plow in man-hour costs, wear and tear on equip­ sectors of NIH. front of the new ACRF in the early stages of the ment, and energy consumption. We will (See SNOW, Page 7) Jan. 13 snowfall. fight it with sand and salt," says Mr. Cook,

The Marches On! Drum Major's Rev. M. L. King, Jr., Dream ... Commemorative Program, Jan. 12

The Morgan State University Choir join hands with members of the aud· ience in Masur Auditorium to sing the words to We Shall Overcome at the finale of the program.

Yolanda King Martin Luther King, Ill

l • ~ --■A,----=• Among those participating at the commemorative ceremony were (I to r): Mr. King, Acting NIH Director Dr. Thomas E. Malone, Charles C. Lee, Ms. King, and Maggie Johnson, chairperson of the NIH Black Cultural Com­ mittee. The Kings asked that the birthday of their slain civil-rights leader father be made a national holiday because It "would symbolize the love and togetherness his legacy taught us." Photos by Lew Bass

February 2, 1982 The NIH Record Page 3 members go off the rolls annually. Numbers of Women, Minorities Increase Previously, B/1/D's used several re­ sources for locat ing qualified individuals. On Public Advisory Committees Fi nding ethnic m inorities and women can­ didates was facilitated by using the Divi­ In the last 10 years, the number of slate of candidates for appointment and/or sion of Research Resources Minority women and ethnic minorities participating approval to the advisory boards. Biomedical Support Program rosters of on NIH public advisory committees has in­ Previous HHS Secretaries have been in­ biomedical faculty engaged in research in creased 21 percent for females and 15 per­ fluential in furthering this goal. In 1978, minority institutions. cent for m inorities. As of Sept. 31, 1981, under then Secretary Joseph A. Califano, The Division of Research Grants main­ there were 1,684 total members on com­ the same nominating procedures were ap­ tained files of women and ethnic minority mittee rolls, with 404 females and 315 m i­ plied to all committees for which the NIH scientists. The Division was also able to norities. Director, who was personally involved, had provide listings of female principal investi­ According to Betty Beveridge, NIH appointment authority. These included in­ gators in specific disciplines or fields. committee management officer, "the per­ itial review groups, contract review groups, In 1979, the computerized NIH consult­ centage o f females and minorities on NIH boards of scientific counselors, and pro­ ant file was formed, which is now used as advisory committees is higher than the gram advisory groups. another important resource for broadening percentage of females and minorities By 1979, Secretary Patricia Roberts Har­ the base for candidate selection. It lists among Ph.D. biological scientists. This is ris promised to reject any nomination individuals who have provided curricula evidence of the effectiveness from our slates showing inadequate representations vit ae, bibliographies, and have indicated special efforts in this direction," she said. of women and minorities for the 145 NIH their willingness to serve on the public ad­ NIH's commitment to the appointment public advisory committees. visory groups. of women and minorities began in 1971 NIH's peer review system examines and Committee members are carefully se­ when women comprised only 3 percent of evaluates research grant applications for lected. "While quality is the foremost cri­ the groups' members. By 1975, the number scientific merit and significance. The dual terion for membership, other considera­ was 19 percent for females and only 7 per­ review system draws its members from t ions are areas of expertise, geographic cent for ethnic minorities. both scientific and lay communities. Ap­ location, sex, and ethnic minority status," Departmental procedures were imple­ proximately 600 membership nominations said Mrs. Beveridge. " In the future, we will mented at that time for at least one qual­ are processed each year for the various remain committed to our goal of recruiting ified ethnic minority and one qualified staggered terminations of the 4-year posi­ women scientists and ethnic m inorit ies for woman to be included on each formal tions. Approximately one-quarter of the appointment to NIH public advisory groups," she said.n

New Method Devised To View New Literature Searches Sickled Hemoglobin in Red Cells Available From NLM

Ors. Alan Schechter and Constance No­ Scientists believed that blockage of cap­ The following new Literature Searches guchi of the National Institute of Arthritis, illaries by the sickled cells leads to the are available from the National Library of Diabetes, and Digestive and Kidney Dis­ tissue damage and destruction of red cells Medicine's Reference Section: eases, and Dr. Dennis Torchia, National characteristic of this severe and even fatal Institute of Dental Research, have devised disease. LS 81 -18 Psycho/ogic aspects of cancer. a new method using nuclear magnetic Using unique methods, NIH scientists January 1978 t hrough July 1981 , 424 c itations in have been able to detect aggregated Erng lish. resonance spectroscopy to examine the LS 81-19 Epidermolysis bul/osa. January 1975 aggregation of hemoglobin Swithin the hemo~iobin S inside the red cells under through September 1981 , 218 citations. red cells. conditions similar to those existing in ar- LS 81 -20 Computed tomographic scanning of The aggregation process had previously terial blood. This identification was sur­ the brain. January 1978 through September 1981. been studied in hemoglobin solutions but prising since aggregation was expected 660 citations in English. only under conditions similar to those oc­ LS 81-21 The aging heart. January 1979 curring in capillary or venous blood. through September 1981 , 267 citations. The results, confirmed by a newly cre­ LS 81 -22 Adverse reactions to radiographic ated theoretical analysis, have significant contrast media. January 1979 through October implications for understanding sickle cell 1981, 339 c itations. .. disease. It now appears that sickle red LS 81-23 Adverse effects of selenium. January 1977 through September 1981, 106 citations. cells may have difficulty getting through LS 81-24 Chromium toxicology. January 1977 arteriolar parts of the c irculation even through September 1981, 250 citations. when the cells appear normal or unsickled LS 81-25 Arsenic toxicology. January 1977 under the microscope. through October 1981 , 354 c itations. Apparently red cell flexibility is the im­ LS 81-26 Neuropeptides. January 1980 through portant determinant of red cell survival mid-1981 publications, 504 c itations. and tissue damage, rather than the sick­ ling process itself. These Literature Searches, part of a The experimental results of Drs. Schech­ series of printed bibliographies on sub­ A microphotograph of sickle and normal cells ter, Noguchi and Torchia indicate other jects of current interest, were produced shows an individual with sickle cell disease. possibilities for sickle cell anemia treat­ through NLM's computer-based system, ment therapies. Drugs that change the MEDLINE. They are available without no method existed for viewing the process amount or properties of the polymer within charge. within living cells. the red cell appear to be more important A complete list of available titles ap­ Sickle cell anemia, a genetic disease af­ than agents that change the microscopic pears in each issue of Index Medicus and fecting about 50,000 black Americans, is appearance of sickling. Fortunately, this Abridged Index Medicus. due to an abnormal hemoglobin. Called goal is more attainable than that of finding When requesting Literature Searches, sickle hemoglobin or hemoglobin S, it ag­ unsickling agents. please include tit le and number, enclose a gregates (polymerizes) upon deoxygena­ More specific drugs to dilate the blood self-addressed gummed label, and mail to: tion and distorts the red cell into a sickled vessels are indicated as a study pos­ Literature Search Program, Reference Sec­ form. sibility. □ tion, National Library of Medicine, Be­ thesda, Md. 20209.0

Page 4 The NIH Record February 2, 1982 Health Insurance Plans Change Benefits, Rates Lorraine Griffith Dies, New rates and benefits for health insur­ Although OPM has not yet set a date for Former NINCDS Secretary ance in 1982 have been announced by the "Open Season," there have been many Office of Personnel Management. The changes made in benefits. The new bi­ benefits became effective Jan. 1, and t he weekly rates for the major plans covering rates became effective Jan. 10. NIH employees are: Service Benefit Plan (Blue Cross • Blue Shield) Self 1981 1982 High Option 14.84 19.74 Low Option 2.46 3.62 Family High Option 30.52 41.77 Low Option 7.14 10.53

Indemnity Benefit Plan (Aetna) Self 1981 1982 High Option 10.17 12.42 Low Option 3.20 4.74 Family High Option 15.11 15.66 Low Option 7.56 11.38

Group Health Association of Washington, D.C. Self 1981 1982 High Option 13.80 15.43 Low Option 5.48 5.73 Family High Option 38.27 37.34 Low Option 19.94 14.08 Mrs. Lorraine D. Griffith Lorraine D. Griffith, 63, who served as Government Employees Hospitalization Association Benefit Plan• secretary to every Director of the National 1981 1982 Institute of Neurological and Com­ Sell 4.97 7 .34 municative Disorders and Stroke from 1959 Family 10.47 13.00 to 1980, died at the Clinical Center Dec. 20 Alliance Health Benefits Plan• after a long illness. 1981 1982 Mrs. Griffith began her NINCDS career Self 8.55 13.52 in 1954 as secretary to the lnstitute's ad­ Family 22.67 36.20 ministrative officer. She had worked at several other Federal agencies before join­ Kaiser • Georgetown University Community Health Plan, Inc.• ing NIH. Mrs. Griffith was employed by the 1981 1982 U.S. Army in the Panama Canal, and upon Self 11.76 10.61 F=~ 29.99 lher return to Washington, spent 4 years at ~« the Johns Hopkins Laboratory in Silver George Washington Universit y Health Plan• Spring, Md. 1981 1982 Served All NINCDS Directors Sell 12.00 13.82 Family 34.65 40.39 Former NINCDS Director Dr. Donald B. Tower praised Mrs. Griffith in a letter Mail Handlers Benefits Plan marking her retirement in 1980: "You have Self 1981 1982 served with distinction under each of the High Option 4.15 5.09 Directors that NINCDS has had. Organiza­ Low Option 3.19 4.16 tions like the NINCDS owe what success Family in mission they may achieve to employees High Option 11.42 13.65 like you." 10.93 Low Option 8.98 She received an NIH Merit Award in 1977 • Plans only offer one option. "in recognition of sustained excellence in the performance of her duties as secretary Other plans in which NIH employees ployees Benefit; National Association of to the Director, NINCDS." participate have also changed their rates Government Employees Benefit; National Born in Clarksburg, Md., Mrs. Griffith and benefits. These include: American Treasury Employees Union Benefit Plan; grew up in Rockville. She was active and Federation of Government Employees; Na­ and Health Plus, Inc. well-known in Rockville civic affairs, par­ tional Association of Letter Carriers; Employees who have not yet received ticularly the Montgomery County Historical Postmasters Benefit; American Postal detailed information on the new rates and Society. Workers Union; Columbia, Maryland Med­ benefits should contact their personnel of­ Family members suggest that expres­ ical; National Federation of Federal Em- fice for details. □ sions of sympathy be in the form of con­ tributions to the Rockville Rescue Squad, Spring/Summer Hayfever Sufferers Needed as Volunteers Rockville, Md. 20850. Spring and summer hayfever sufferers gram. Only HHS employees are eligible to are being sought as volunteers to par­ participate. ticipate in an allergy testing program ad­ Volunteers will be evaluated through designed to determine the safety and ef­ ministered by the Allergenic Products skin and blood tests. They will also be fectiveness of the Bureau's standardized Branch of the Bureau of Biologics. monitored during the local pollen season extracts. Persons who have experienced spring to determine the relationship of symptom Interested persons who wish to volun­ and/or summer hayfever symptoms over intensity to the local pollen count. teer can receive an allergy questionnaire the last several years are needed to A group of patients may be selected to by sending their name and address to: Dr. evaluate the ongoing allergy testing pro- participate in an allergy injections program Paul C. Turkeltaub, Bldg. 29, Rm. 214. □

February 2, 1982 The NIH Record Page 5 International Women Will Meet February 19 Animal Viruses. Sponsor: Dr. Heiner Westphal, Visiting Scientist NICHD, Bg. 5, Rm. 338. Program Participants 11/30-Dr. Tang Jlan, China, Laboratory of Pre­ clinical Pharmacology. Sponsor: Dr. Erminlo Costa, NIMH, WAW Bg, Rm. 131 , SI. Elizabeths Sponsored by Fogarty International Center Hospital. 12/14-Dr. Usha Pande, India, Laboratory of Pre­ 11/20- Dr. Jaime Gomez-Marquez, Spain, Lab­ c linical Studies. Sponsor: Dr. Forrest Weight, oratory of Oral Medicine. Sponsor: Dr. Alvaro NIAAA, Danae 4, Rm. 55C. Puga-Carrasco, NIDR, Bg. 30, Rm. 127. 12/14- Dr. Chaim-Yosef Rubinovitz, Israel, Lab­ 11/20-Dr. leva Stupans, Australia, Developmen­ oratory of Nutrition and Endocrinology. Sponsor: tal Pharmacology Branch. Sponsor: Dr. Daniel Dr. Robert Simpson, NIADDK, Bg. 5, Rm . B1-28. Nebert, NICHD, Bg. 10, Rm. 13N266. 12/14- Dr. Nill Rublnovitz-Grossman, Israel, 11/29- Dr. Elia Poerio, Italy, Laboratory of Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology. Spon­ Chemical Biology. Sponsor: Dr. Hiroshi Taniuchi, sor: Dr. Loretta Leive, NIADDK, Bg. 4, Rm . 111 . NIADDK, Bg. 10, Rm. 9N260. 12/17-Dr. Clemenceau Acquaye, Ghana, Lab­ 12/1-Dr. Hu Tian-Sheng, China, Laboratory of oratory of Chemical Biology. Sponsor: Dr. Alan Vision Research. Sponsor: Dr. Paul Russell, NEI, Schechter, NIADDK, Bg. 10, Rm. 9N319. Bg. 6, Rm. 229. 12/21 - Dr. Zhang Mingdao, China, Clinical Psy­ 12/4-Dr. Hussein Khaled, Egypt, Pediatric On­ chobiology Branch. Sponsor: Dr. Frederick cology Branch. Sponsor: Dr. Daniel Glaubiger, Goodwin, NIMH, Bg. 10, Rm . 4S239. The International Women's Group held lts an­ NCI, Bg. 10, Rm. 3604. 12/28- Dr. Corrado Flcorella, Italy, Laboratory of nual holiday party last month at the FAES 12/4-Dr. Reginald Sequeira, India, Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysio logy. Sponsor: Dr. house, where FIC Visiting Progra m participants Chemical Biology. Sponsor: Dr. Irwin Chaiken, Sherman Stinson, NCI, Bg. 560, FCRC. and their preceptors had a chance to meet NIADDK, Bg. 10, Rm. 9N313. 1/1- Dr. Bian Zeliang, China, Laboratory of senior NIH scientific and administrative offi­ 12/7-0r. Kohji Miyazaki, Japan, Experimental Chemistry. Sponsor: Dr. Henry Fales, NHLBI, Bg. cials. Among the guests were (I to r): Janet J. Therapeutics Branch. Sponsor: Dr. John Keba­ 10, Rm. 7N322. Bartch, FlC facilitator and party organizer, Dr. bian, NINCDS, Bg. 10, Rm. 6016. 1/1-Dr. Graham P. Cote, Canada, Laboratory of Claude J.M. Lenfant, FIC Director, and Acting 12/8- Dr. Roman Gadamski, Poland, Laboratory Cell Biology. Sponsor: Dr. Edward Korn, NHBLI, NIH Director Dr. Thomas E. Malone. Guests also of Neuropathology and Neuroanatomical Sci­ Bg. 3, Rm. 81-20. had the opportunity to sample international ences. Sponsor: Dr. Igor Klatzo, NINCDS, Bg. 36, 1/1- Dr. Angelika Kagermeier, West Germany, cuisine prepared by group members, and to Rm. 4004. Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology. meet with colleagues from around the world 12/10-0r. Tian Shu-fan, China, Laboratory of In­ Sponsor: Dr. Jack London, NIDR, Bg. 30, Rm. who conduct research at NIH. fectious Diseases. Sponsor: Dr. Brian Murphy, 312. The next meeting of the International NIA ID, Bg. 7, Rm. 300. 1/1-Dr. Hajime Kawamura, Japan, Develop­ 12/1 1- Dr. Anne Marie Nunez, Tunisia, Labor­ mental Endocrinology Branch. Sponsor: Dr. Women's Group will be on Friday, Feb. 19, atory of Biochemistry. Sponsor: Dr. Claude B. Richard Sherins, NICHD, Bg. 10, Rm. 10809. at 7:30 p.m., in the Montrose Recreation Klee, NCI, Bg. 37, Rm. 4C06. 1/1- Dr. Mohan Perera, Sri Lanka, Laboratory of Center. The 2-year-old social and cultural 12/13-Dr. Claes-Otto Kindmark, Sweden, Labor­ Molecular Carcinogenesis. Sponsor: Dr. Kenneth group consists mostly of wives of foreign atory of Microbial Structure and Function. Kraemer, NCI, Bg. 37, Rm. 3E24. scientists sponsored by the Fogarty Inter­ Sponsor: Dr. J im C. Williams, NIAID, RML, Ham­ 1/1-Dr. Shih Yi-fan, China, Metabolism Branch. national Center's Visiting Program. ilton, Mont. Sponsor: Dr. Jay Berzofsky, NCI, Bg. 10, Rm . The membership is open to all who wish 12/17-Dr. Jaspal S. Khillan, India, Section on 4N107. to make the acquaintance of families of visiting researchers. During the year, the group sponsors bake sales, social and cultural events where members dem­ onstrate customs and traditions of their native lands, and a Fourth of July celebra­ tion. Anyone needing transportation to the meeting, or wishing more information about IWG should contact Janet Bartch, 496-4335. 0

Mabel Speaks Dies; Was DRG Statistician

Mabel E. Speaks, a member of the Divi­ sion of Research Grants staff since 1968, died on Jan. 9, at her residence in Silver Spring, Md. She worked in DRG's Statistics and Analysis Branch where she provided sta­ tistical assistance for the Branch Reports Analysis and Presentation Section. Before joining DAG, Mrs. Speaks was employed in the Bureau of Health Serv­ A World Health Organization meeting, hosted by the National Institute on Aging at the Fogarty ices, and has worked as a Federal International Center's Stone House, brought together directors and government representatives of employee since 1950. institutes and programs in gerontology from 19 countries. The two aims of the meeting were the ex­ She is survived by her husband, John S. pansion of knowledge about aging and the establishment of a network of collaborating Institutions Speaks; a daughter, Susan P. Dieudonne; a in specific areas such as senile dementia and epidemiology and survey research. The sessions were son, John S. Speaks Ill; and two grand­ scheduled around the recent 1981 White House Conference on Aging. Ponlclponts were from left to right: (Row 1) Drs. R. Hindley Smith, Pan American Health Organization; Eva Beverfeldt, Norway; Ana V. children. Asian, Romania; Professor Kezutoma lmahorl, Japan; Ors. Edit Beregl, Hungary; Guang-yu Zhou, People's Republic of China; Robert Services were held on Jan. 13 in N. Buller, U.S.; and Derek MeMlle Pr1nsley, Australia. (Row 2) Ors. John Grimley Evans, U.K.; Henning Friis, WHO; Ibrahim• Clsse, Senegal; Carlos Fredrlco Denton. Costa Rica; Carel F. Hollander. The Netherlands; and Alvar Svanborg, Sweden. (Row 3) OrS. Hana Rockville, Md. M arie Herrnanova, Czechoslovakia; Turyl Pirner. WHO; Mr. Alain Gillette, France: Ors. David Macfadyen, WHO; and Arthur Michael Da­ vies, Israel. Attendees not pictured were: Ors. Prasop Ratanakorn, Thalland; Vargas Salemo. Venezuela~ Udo J. Schmidt, German Democratic Republic; and Joaquin Gonzales-Aragon, Me,'ico.

Page 6 The NIH Record February 2, 1982 Kenneth Cooke Named Eye Institute Executive Officer SNOW /Continued from Page 3) Kenneth 0. Cooke has been appointed National Eye Institute executive officer. In If, as in the case of the Jan. 13 closing, his new positlon, he wlll serve as the prin­ a winter snowstorm arrives early, crews cipal advisor to the NEI Director and other will remain at NIH, and work into or key officials on all phases of administra­ through the night until the accumulation is tion and management. cleared. He replaces Edward H. McManus who This snow was particularly troublesome became deputy director of the Institute when employees were released from work after serving as executive officer since and snow was accumulating faster than 1973. the chemicals could melt it. Rockville Pike Mr. Cooke comes to the NEI from the and Old Georgetown Road became snarled National Library of Medicine where he held with traffic which backed up NIH em­ the position of deputy executive o fficer. ployees on the campus roads. He had previously held the position of Clean-up Takes 8 Hours deputy executive officer at the National In­ stitute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. Many employees had trouble moving During his tenure there, he received the when they had to stop in the middle of a NIH Merit Award for his contribution to the hill like South Drive behind Bldg. 10, administrative management of the In­ Center Drive near NLM and Bldg. 10. This stitute. type of problem had not occurred for several years; so most employees forgot A graduate of Niagara University, Ni­ that there are sandbarrels placed along agara Falls, N.Y., and St. Vincent's Col­ these hills to assist them. lege, Latrobe, Pa, Mr. Cooke came to NIH "Usually, it takes about 8 hours to do a in 1967, where he worked in the Tumor Im­ thorough clean-up at NIH," noted Mr. munology Section of the Su rgery Branch, Mr. Cooke, a 1970 management intern, now re­ Cook, adding that if a storm comes in after National Cancer Institute. turns to the National Eye Institute as executive midnight, it is almost impossible to have He was selected as an NIH management officer after considerable experience as deputy executive officer of the National Institute of Al­ the roads and parking lots cleared for intern in 1970. During his training, he com­ lergy and Infectious Diseases, and the National early morning traffic. The responsibility for pleted assignments in various adminis­ Library of Medicine. clearing areas in and around the entrances trative areas lead ing eventually to his of buildings is done by the Housekeeping appointment as budget analyst at the Na­ N El Director, said, "Mr. Cooke's ex­ Section. tional Institute of Ch ild Health and Human perience in the NIH intramural laboratories Whenever a snowstorm covers NIH, Mr. Development. Later, he served as budget and his extensive work in budget develop­ Cook and his crews are glad when the de­ officer for the Eye Institute. ment will help him oversee all phases of cision is made to let employees go home In welcoming him back, Dr. Carl Kupfer, the NEI program." :=. early because " it opens the parking lots up allowing us to begin plowing." Besides getting the heavy equipment out to plow, other crews are dispatched by radio to CAPTAIN DOYLE begin sidewalk sweeping. /Continued from Page 1) These crews are also used to spot also cited for organizing Cuban volunteers stranded motori sts who might be blocking into mobile supply teams to permit for the the flow of traffic and may assist them if continuous around-the-clock flow of sup­ they can, to keep traffic moving by helping plies to the camp. For his actions with the a stalled motorist on a hill, or assisting a Cuban refugees, he was recommended for driver who might need some sand placed the Joint Service Commendation Medal. under an icy tire. A Vietnam veteran, Capt. Doyle also There are a few suggestions that Mr. holds several other decorations-the Cook has for NIH employees during the Bronze Star, Humanitarian Service Medal, winter months. First, shift workers should Army Commendation Medal, Combat In­ take advantage of the undercover parking fantry, and parachute badges. so plowing crews can work the parking lots. Second, motorists should carry jumper cables in the trunks of their cars, provided they know how to use them safely. Third, all motorists should have snow t ires for their own safety and to pre­ vent blocking the road for others. □ John Rodak, former associate director for plan­ ning, evaluation, and legislation, National Center for Health Care Technology, has been recently Come Sing Along appointed chief of the Clinical Center's Office of Medical Staff Affairs. Mr. Rodak will direct med• The NIH Singers will begin spring ical staff support functions and supervise the rehearsals on alternate Sundays on Feb. 7 normal volunteer program and medical staff fel­ at 7:30 p.m. low office. All singers inlerested in a cappella choral literature are welcome. Also, 20th If we were all to bring our misfortunes century American and English works will into a common store, so that each person be featured. There will be no formal audi­ should receive an equal share in the tions. distribution, the majority would be glad to For details, call Richard Shrager, ·, I. l . take up their own and depart. -Socra tes □ 496-1122. [J Capt. Doyle, a qualified parachutist, has served with the 11th Special Forces located at Fort Meade, Md.

February 2, 1982 The NIH Record Page 7 Sometimes there are no signs or symp­ Herpes Simplex Virus toms of genital herpes. But in recurrent In­ fections, several hours before the blisters Major U.S. Health Problem appear, patients have experienced pain The herpes simplex virus is the cause of are of questionable value, according to t he running down the buttocks or into the both cold sores and genital herpes even National Institute of Dental Research. knees, or itching in the genital area. Symp­ though one infection can occur without Genital herpes has become a major toms of recurrent infections are usually the other. They both frequently recur after health problem in the United States. It is a milder, lesions are localized, and sores the initial infection. very contagious virus, infecting the sexual may heal more rapidly than during the primary infections. Usually, the primary viral infection from organs of the body. Currently there is no cold sores occurs in children under 5 cure. As many as 500,000 new cases are Virus Hibernates years, and then goes into a latent or hid­ estimated to occur each year. The total ing stage in a facial nerve. One or more number of cases, including patients with As with cold sores, the virus hibernates whitish blisters will appear on the child's recurrent infections, range from 6 to 20 in the ganglia of specific sensory nerves. throat or on other places in the mouth. million. While symptoms are present, some viruses migrate up the sensory nerve serving the There are often no other symptoms. But Women often suffer more initial disease than men with genital herpes because the site of the sores. The viruses become inac­ in severe cases, a child will have a fever tive by the time they reach the nerve cell as high as 102 degrees, and generally feel risk of cervical cancer from the infection is increased by four times. Pregnant women center. When the herpes recurs, the reac­ ill. Other viral signs and symptoms include tivated virus probably returns down the increased saliva flow, bad breath, loss of with active genital herpes infections at same nerve and multiplies on the skin at appetite and swollen neck glands. term, risk transmitting the disease to t heir newborns, who can experience severe dis­ the same or near the original sore site. Sores Appear Intermittently ease and possible death. To relieve symptoms of genital herpes, Besides NIDA, the National Institute of physicians recommend keeping the area Allergy and Infectious Diseases conducts clean and dry and wearing loose-fitting and supports research on the cause and clothes. Aspirin and other treatments to treatment of diseases caused by herpes­ relieve the various symptoms can help the viruses. There are two closely related her­ pain and fever. Good hygiene is the best pes simplex viruses- type 1 and type 2, treatment for controlling inadvertent and many strains of both. Ocular herpes, spreading of the virus. infecting the eye, and herpes encephalitis, Scientists supported both by NIDA and infecting the brain and spinal cord, are NIAID have found that the virus does not also caused by the herpes simplex virus. reach its peak until after the blisters ap­ All can occur without the other, or can be pear. The sores and areas under the scars transmitted by direct contact. contain a lot of active viruses. The herpes is most contagious when the sores are Two Types Look Similar present and remain so until they are com­ Most genital herpes are caused by type pletely healed and the scabs have fallen off. 2 virus, while usually oral and ocular her­ The investigators theorize that applying pes infections are caused by type 1. About an antiviral agent prior to blister formation 15 percent of all genital herpes cases, could slow down virus reproduction and however, are type 1, and about percent 10 alter the course of infection. ol oral herpes in adults are type 2. Both types of herpes simplex can cause infec­ Drug Looks Promising tion anywhere on the body and both cause similar symptoms. One promising antiviral treatment for The two types of herpes simplex virus specific herpesviruses is acyclovir. Pa­ produce identical clinical sores, but have tients with both oral and genital herpes different patterns of viral growth and can treated with the drug had reduced virus be distinguished in a viral culture. The shedding although clinical symptoms were most reliable way to differentiate between not dramatically reduced. Vaccine develop­ the two is analysis of the viral DNA. ment is also progressing. One vaccine has already been shown to protect mice from -•· herpes simplex type 1 infections. The vac­ cine can prevent lesion formation and stop the virus from going into latency in the nerves. In NIH-supported studies conducted at specific medical centers throughout the U.S., results have been encouraging in ap­ proaches to control and treatment of the infection. Scientists plan to study the magnitude of the herpes problem, the nat­ ural history of the disease and its trans­ mission, the interaction with the human immune system, and factors influencing reactivation of virus and recurrent dis­ ease. □

If of all words of tongue and pen, The saddest are, "It might have been," More sad are these we daily see: An electronmicrograph shows herpes simplex Herpes simplex virus type 2 looks very similar to "It is, but hadn't ought to be." virus type 1 magnified approxlmate1y 22,500 type 1 in culture. Researchers must analyze the - Francis Brett Harte □ times. The interaction between the virus and the viral genetic material to distinguish reliably be• human Immune system Is being Investigated by tween the two types. NIAIO and N IDR researchers.

Page 8 The NIH Record February 2, 1982 Shingles Virus Explained In New NINCDS Publication

© 1981 American Dental Association

Those who suffer t he pain and blistering February Is National Children's Dental Health Month. In observance, the Na• rash of shingles might very well mutter "a tlonal Institute of Dental Research recommends that all adults set a good ex­ pox on pox," for it is the awakening of the ample by brushing and flossing their teeth daily to remove plaque, drinking sleeping chickenpox virus that causes fluorl~ated water, avoiding sweet between-meal snacks, eating a balanced diet, their discomfort. and visiting their dentist regularly. You can't "catch" shingles, explains a new NINCDS publication, Shingles: Hope Defined Diets, Hyperactivity Through Research, unless you have had a previous bout with chickenpox. Both shin­ Discussed During Consensus Conference gles and chickenpox are members of a troublesome group of herpesviruses that Defined diets do benefit a small group Although clinical observations indicate are disease specific, and can cause, of hyperactive children, according to dramatic success with these diets, results among other ills, cold sores and mononu­ evidence presented at a recent NIH Con­ of controlled trials have been inconsistent. cleosis. sensus Development Conference. An ex­ The panel recommended that more and pert panel concluded, however, that such better designed studies be done to eval­ The particular virus responsible for diets should not be universally applied to uate any positive or negative effects of shingles and chickenpox is the varicella­ the treatment of childhood hyperactivity at dietary restrictions. zoster virus. After a case of chickenpox this time. The panel acknowledged that few basic ru ns its course, the VZ viruses responsible biologic studies have been done to explain for the outbreak rest inside nerve cells The first step in treatment should be a any toxic effects of these substances. near the spinal cord and brain. thorough evaluation of the child and his/ her family. The physician and the parents Some animal studies have shown that red When these dormant or sleeping viruses should then consider all therapeutic op­ dye 3 (erythrosine) does inhibit neuro­ are reactivated, they travel down nerve tions, which include dietary restrictions, transmitter uptake and produce increased fibers that extend from sensory cells to motor activity, but these results can be the skin. There, the viruses multiply, creat­ behavioral modification, medication, psy­ chotherapy, and educational techniques. disputed. ing a red rash of small f luid-filled blisters. The conference was sponsored by the The consensus development panel, The blisters are usually confined to a nar­ National Institute of Allergy and Infectious headed by Dr. Floyd W. Denny, professor row region on one side of the face or Diseases and the National Institute of of pediatrics at the University of North trunk. Child Health and Human Development, Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, A person who develops shingles may with the assistance of the Office for Med­ considered the topic Defined Diets and feel feverish or have a headache. Because ical Applications of Research, N I H . □ the nervous system is involved in a Childhood Hyperactivity at a meeting held shing les outbreak, the symptoms can be Jan. 13-15 in Masur Auditorium. more severe than those of chickenpox. Several Symptoms Involved If the virus involves an ophthalmic nerve, for example, the patient may have a They agreed that the hyperactivity syn­ painful eye inflammation and temporary drome, also termed attention deficit dis­ blindness. People who have a rash on their order with hyperactivity, is not a single trunk may feel pain at the slightest touch. disease but a cluster of symptoms that However, the pamphlet notes, even in can resu lt from several causes. The syn­ severe cases symptoms usually subside. drome affects an unknown number of chil­ While chickenpox is considered a dis­ dren who manifest a variety of behavioral ease of childhood, shingles is more likely and learning difficulties. to develop in later years. People whose im­ More concise ways of measuring vari­ mune systems are weakened- both chil· ables such as attention span, motor activ­ dren and adults-are at greatest risk: ity, learning ability, and impulsiveness are About 10 percent of adults get shingles necessary before physicians can accu­ during their lifetimes, usually after age 50; rately diagnose the hyperactivity syndrome nearly 10 percent of chi Id ren who have and monitor various treatment approaches, leukemia and 52 percent of children with such as defined diets. Hodgkin's disease develop the disorder. Children whose mothers had chickenpox Diets Are Modified late in pregnancy also are more likely to These diets include several dietary mod­ Janyce E. Notopoulos was appointed recently as get shingles. ifications, most of them based on a 1973 chief of the Planning and Coordination Branch Single copies of Shingles: Hope Through report made by Dr. Ben Feingold, a Cali­ of the Office of Program Planning and Evalua• Research can be obtained from the Office tlon, NHLBI. She comes from NICHD where she fornia allergist. The basic Feingold diet was a program analyst for 4 years. In her new of Scientific and Health Reports, NINCDS, eliminates two groups of foods-those position, Ms. Notopoulos will implement the Bldg. 31, Rm. 8A-06, Bethesda, Md. 20205; naturally containing high levels of salicy­ NHLBI Ten-Year Update, the annual Director's telephone: (301) 496-5751. lates and those containing artificial colors reports and other documents relevant to plan­ - Diane Striar □ and flavors. ning and coordination.

February 2, 1982 The NIH Record Page 9 DR. KORNBERG Dr. Milne Named 1TB Chief Leota B. Staff Retires (Continued from Page 1) Dr. George W. A. Milne has been named After 30 Years in Service " Many other laboratories around the world chief of the Information Technology were also working very hard on this prob­ Branch of the National Cancer lnstitute's Leota B. Staff, committee management lem." Developmental Therapeutics Program. The officer of the National Institute of En­ First his group managed to locate the DTP carries out al l preclinical phases of vironmental Health Sciences, retired in segment of DNA in Escherichia coli that anticancer drug development as part of January after rounding out a 30-year contains the reg ion responsible for initia­ the Division of Cancer Treatment. Federal Government career. ting replication. Since this segment In his new capacity, Dr. Milne will be She had been with NIEHS for over 10 worked only inside an intact cell, they developing a new computer system to con­ years, working in the Bethesda Office of knew that many factors in the cell must be tain data on more than 300,000 chemicals the Director. necessary to switch on the process. tested for antitumor activity over the last Her history as a civil service employee The task was to extract these factors, 25 years. This information will allow the goes back before the NIEHS existed. " I but first they needed to obtain much more 1TB to conduct studies of the relationships started in government in 1941 with the Old­ of the segment-called the origin. They between chemical structures and their Age and Survivor's Insurance Social turned to recombinant DNA technology, preclinical anticancer activity. Security Board," she says. "When OASI splicing origin segments into plasmids­ He joins NCI after 16 years in the Lab­ decentralized to reg ional offices, I opted to tiny rings of extrachromosomal DNA that oratory of Chemistry of the National Heart, stay in Washington, transferring to the occur in most bacterial cells. When the Lung and Blood Institute. Bureau of Public Assistance in the Social hybrid plasmids were taken up by E. coli Security Administration. I worked in per­ cells, as many as 100 copies of the seg­ sonnel, grants, and as administrative ment could be made and harvested from assistant to the chief of Public Assistance each cell. Field Operations." The investigators found that neither add­ Time Out for Motherhood ing m ixtures of purified enzymes known to be involved in DNA synthesis, nor add­ From 1956 to 1965, Mrs. Staff took "time ing fluid containing the entire cell con­ out for motherhood (2 daughters)" and tents could initiate replication. But for returned to Federal employment in the some reason, ammonium sulfate-added Bureau of State Services, Environmental to the cell contents in just the right amount-triggered the burst of replication they were looking for. It is not yet known whether the am­ monium sulfate caused concentration of the ingredients necessary for initiation or caused something inhibiting initiation to be inactivated. These are some of the questions yet to be answered. " We are astonished and pleased at the high level of synthesis we have found," Dr. " Bill" Milne is the author or coauthor of 112 said Dr. Kornberg. " The reaction turned scientific papers, and is widely known for his out to be much more clear and powerful work in the mass spectrometry of complex mol­ than we anticipated." ecules, in addition to his considerable expe• Because the new system behaves much rience in the management of computerized data. li ke the DNA replication process inside the Dr. Milne had helped to develop the E. coli cell, the researchers are confident NIH/EPA Chemical Information System, that their test tube system is genuine­ which he managed for NIH since 1974. The that it mimics the process carried out in computer system is based on scientific living cells. and regu latory data handli ng information Mrs. Stall was honored with a 30-year certificate It requires certain genes and enzymes on chemical substances and is used by and pin, and a retirement gift presented by already identified as necessary for initia­ scientists all over the world. NIEHS Director Dr. David P. Rall (r) and Dr. Wil­ tion, and it is inactivated by the same A native of Stockport, England, he re­ ford Nusser (c), assistant director for extramural substances that block initiation in live ceived his doctorate in chemistry from the programs, at her recent retirement party. cells. But most important, the system in­ University of Manchester. He became an itiates replication in both directions from American citizen in 1965. □ Health, which lead into a position with the the origin-an important feature of E. coli newly organized NIEHS. When the Institute replication. moved to Triangle Research Park, N.C., she transferred briefly to the National Eye Dr. Kornberg's group will now sort out We Will Be Strolling Along Institute, and later returned to NIEHS in the components of the system and begin The following activities are being the Bethesda Office of the Director. to analyze very precisely what substances planned by the NIH Walking/Hiking club. Over the years, she has worked with 2 are required for it to work. "Why it took so Feb. 2-Signal Knob on the north end of NIEHS directors; 5 associate directors for long to find this DNA synthesis initiation Massanutten Mountain; a distance of 10 Extramural Programs; and 54 council system will be answered, in part, by find­ miles, beginning at 8:30 a.m. For more in­ members while assisting in conducting 30 ing out precisely what's in the system that formation call Jim Lautenberger, 340-0264. advisory council meetings. is exacting and irreplaceable," Dr. Korn­ Feb. 20-Along the Glover-Archbold trail berg said. and trails in Rock Creek Park. A breakfast She says her most memorable recollec­ In addition to Dr. Kornberg's long-term in Georgetown, lunch in the park, and an tions include two bomb threats, the NIH NIGMS grant support, both Robert Fuller afternoon tea in the Adams-Morgan hotel. parking crisis, and the " big snow" in 1979. and Dr. Jon Kaguni have received NIGMS Limited to 12 persons. For reservations Mrs. Staff plans to stay in the area and training grant support. The group's call Robin Chivers, 496-1495 or 667-8853. possibly join one of her daughters in the research was also supported by fellow­ Feb. 27-Along the towpath of the C&O interior decorating business. However, the ships from the American Cancer Society canal near Monocacy Aqueduct. Meet at most important project on her immediate and the Damon Runyon-Walter Winchell NIH, 9 a.m. Call Pat Brady, 496-6211, or agenda is "committee managing" the Cancer Fund, and a grant from the National Sally Stevens, 496-4124, tor further infor­ plans for her daughter's impending wed­ Science Foundation. n mation. □ ding in the spring. □

Page 10 The NIH Record February 2, 1982 NCl's Division of Cancer Cause and Prevention Reorganization Creates Four New Research Laboratories Dr. Richard H. Adamson, new director of three sections: Carcinogen Macromolec­ mutations and carcinogenesis; control of the National Cancer lnstitute's Division of ular Interactions, directed by Dr. Herman gene expression during chemically in­ Cancer Cause and Prevention, has an­ Autrup; In Vitro Carcinogenesis, and Bio­ duced tumor formation; and the role of nounced the formation of four new re­ chemical Epidemiology, both currently modifiers of differentiation in the inhibi­ search laboratories, and a change in under Dr. Harris. tion or promotion of tumor formation. chiefs of one of the existing labs. At this time, the laboratory has one This reorganization within the carcin­ Cellular Carcinogenesis and section-Analytical Chemistry, headed by Tumor Promotion ogenesis intramural program uses staff Dr. Larry Keefer. and facilities currently available, as well as Dr. Yuspa is the chief of the Laboratory The four new laboratories bring the total new staff from various academic institu­ of Cellular Carcinogenesis and Tumor number of labs within DCCP's carcinogen­ tions and additional space at the Frederick Promotion that uses both in vitro and in esis intramural program to 13. Cancer Research Facility. vivo models to investigate the biological Other labs currently in the program are: The changes are in accordance with the and molecular changes in cells and Biology, headed by Dr. Joseph DiPaolo; new director's plan to increase the focus tissues during chemical carcinogenesis. Cellular and Molecular Biology, Dr. Stuart on research in chemically induced cancer, This lab will have an integrated research Aaronson; Chemoprevention, Dr. Michael and the emphasis on the molecular events program to: define normal regulatory B. Sporn; Experimental Pathology, Dr. of tumor initiation and promotion. mechanisms for cell growth and differen­ Umberto Saffiotti; Molecular Carcin­ Scientists in the laboratories will take tiation; determine how tumor Initiators and ogenesis, Dr. Harry V. Gelboin; Molecular advantage of a number of recent ad­ promoters alter normal regulation; identify Virology, Dr. George Khoury (acting); vances, including new recombinant DNA determinants for enhanced susceptibility Tumor Virus Genetics, Dr. Edward techn iques and the isolation of transform­ or resistance to initiators and promoters; Scolnick; and Viral Carcinogenesis, Dr. ing genes that turn normal cells can­ and determine how certain substances in­ George Todaro. cerous. These advances have greatly im­ hibit carcinogenesis. The reorganization was accomplished proved the potential for understanding The laboratory has three sections: Dif­ within the Cl P's estimated FY 1982 budget basic mechanisms of cancer formation, Dr. ferentiation Control, headed by Dr. Luigi of $37.3 million which increased only by 3 Adamson said. Deluca; In Vitro Pathogenesis, headed by percent over last year's. D The four labs and their directors are: Dr. Yu spa; and Molecular Mechanisms of Comparative Carcinogenesis, Dr. Jerry M. Tumor Promotion, directed by Dr. Peter Rice; Human Carcinogenesis, Dr. Curtis C. Blumberg. Juanita Harris Retires Harris; Cellular Carcinogenesis and Tumor From Administrative Career Promotion, Dr. Stuart H. Yuspa; and Mol­ Molecular Oncology ecular Oncology, Dr. George Vande Dr. Vande Woude is chief of the new Juanita Harris, administrative assistant, Woude. The Laboratory of Carcinogen Me­ Laboratory of Molecular Oncology that NIADDK Intramural Research Program, re­ tabolism is now directed by Dr. Snorri seeks to identify and isolate genetic ele­ cently resigned from NIH after 16 years of Thorgeirsson. Dr. Elizabeth Weisburger is ments responsible for tumor formation. government service. now assistant director of DCCP for chem­ This lab will study cellular transforming She originally joined NIH in 1971 as a ical carcinogenesis. genes acquired by both avian and mam­ secretary ~ the laboratory of biochemical Comparative Carcinogenesis malian retroviruses as well as develop the pharmacology. In 1976, she transferred technology for isolating transforming into the Administrative Office, NIADDK. Scientists at the new Comparative Car­ genes from chemically induced and nat­ During her career, Ms. Harris was re­ cinogenesis Lab at Frederick are seeking urally occurring tumors. sponsible for the day-to-day operational to understand the widely differing effects The new laboratory will have four sec­ problems of scientists working in the intra­ of cancer-causing chemicals in different tions: Carcinogenesis Regu lation, headed mural laboratories of Bldgs 2, 4 and 6. species and also in different organs and by Dr. Takis Papas, whose studies have cells within a given species. Dr. Rice's lab had a major im pact on understanding the will also investigate how susceptibility to structure and function of transforming cancer changes with growth, particularly genes; Cellular Transformation, headed by during prenatal life, and how cancer forma­ Dr. John Bader, who is studying how tion is affected by diet. transforming genes alter the structure of The laboratory has four sections: Nutri­ cancer cells; Molecular Control and t ion and Metabolism, headed by Dr. Lionel Genetics, headed by Dr. Donald Court, Poirier; Perinatal Carcinogenesis, Dr. Rice; who will study the molecular basis of gene Tumor Pathology and Pathogenesis, Dr. regulation; and Tumor Biochemistry, Jerrold M. Ward; and Ultrastructural Stud­ headed by Dr. Vande Woude, who will ies, Dr. Ursula Heine. focus on isolating and characterizing Dr. Rice is currently studying abnormal molecular elements responsible for patterns in cellular differentiation- the cellular transformation. events that occur as precursor (stem) cells Dr. Vande Woude and his collaborators specialize in structure and function. The are responsible for showing that the deviations from normal that take place dur­ transforming potential of a normal gene ing the specialization process are critical can be activated by viral elements that to changes in the cancer cell. have properties analogous to movable genetic elements called transposons. Human Carcinogenesis "She was like a mother hen with her Carcinogen Metabolism chickens," said Don Curtin, NIADDK intra­ Researchers in the new Laboratory of mural administrative officer. "The program Human Carcinogenesis, under Dr. Harris, Dr. Thorgeirsson is the new chief of the people leaned on her heavily for solutions are investigating control of differentiation reorganized Laboratory of Carcinogen to problems relating to procurement and and mechanisms of carcinogenesis in Metabolism. The research program will be services-they now feel as t hough they've human cells. Factors within the individual focused on: the metabolic processing of lost their right arm." that determine differences in cancer sus­ various classes of chemical carcinogens, Ms. Harris will be moving to Albion, ceptibility after exposure to carcinogens such as aromatic amines and amides; the Nebr., where she plans to retire to the are also being studied. This laboratory has relationship between chemically induced country. □

February 2, 1982 The NIH Record Page 11 Dr. B. V. Critchlow Named Primate Center Director Dr. Bruce Baum Assumes Dr. B. Vaughn Critchlow has been tute, Stockholm, Sweden. New Clinical Dental Duties named director of the Oregon Regional Dr. Cri tchlow is internationally recog­ Dr. Bruce J. Baum assumed his new du­ Primate Research Center. Dr. Critchlow is nized as an expert in research on the in­ ties Jan. 1 as cli nical director and chief of professor and chairman of the department terrelationship between the brain and the Cl inical Investigations and Patient of anatomy, Oregon Health Sciences Uni­ hormone systems. He has authored or co­ Care Branch, National Institute of Dental versity. authored more than 50 papers on neuro­ Research. The Oregon Re­ endocrinologic and neu roanatomic re­ Before coming to NIDA, Dr. Baum was gional Primate search. He was also a member of the NIH with the Laboratory of Molecular Aging at Research Center Reproductive Biology Study Section. the NlA Gerontology Research Center in in Beaverton, 12 His current research focuses on the Baltimore. He also worked In the Pul­ miles west of Port­ brain hormone somatostatin, which acts monary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and land, is the oldest directly on the pituitary gland to affect the Blood Institute, and the Biochemistry and and largest of the synthesis and secretion of growth hor­ Oral Bacteriology Division, Dental seven Division of mone. He is also intere.sted in learning Sciences Department, National Naval Med­ Research Re­ how stress, mediated through vari ous ical Center. sources-sup­ brain structures, influences the pituitary ported reg ional gland and affects hormone secretion . primate research throughout the body. Dr. Critchlow centers. A major Dr. Critchlow has twice received the NIH research emphasis of the center is on re­ Research Career Development Award, and productive biology. Dr. Critchlow has been is currently studying neural regulation of a member of the center's scientific advi­ the anterior pituitary gland through NIH sory committee for the past 9 years. research grant support. He also has a A native of Hotchkiss, Colo., he earned training grant for multidisciplinary training his doctorate in anatomy from the Univer­ in reproductive biology. sity of California at Los Angeles in 1957 An outstanding teacher, he has received He later joined the faculty of Baylor Uni­ numerous teaching awards from Baylor versity College of Medicine, and eventually and Oregon. became acting chairman of the anatomy As of May 1, he will succeed Dr. William department. From 1961 to 1962, he was a Montagna, who has been director of the visiting investigator at the Nobel Institute Oregon Regional Primate Research Center of Neurophysiology at the Karolinska I nsti- since 1963. C

National Scleroderma Week Proclaimed by Congress

February 7 to 13 has been designated Medical researchers have discovered in Or. Baum's research interests include the regula­ National Scleroderma Week by the Con­ the past 3 years that aggressive treatment tion of salivary gland function and age-related gress under Senate Joint Resolution 77, to with newly developed antihypertensive changes In the oral cavity. He is a lecturer, increase awareness of the disease, recog­ drugs succeeds in lowering the blood pres­ author ot 36 scientific papers, and a member of nize progress, and emphasize the need for sure, improves kidney function, and dra­ the advisory editorial board for the Journal of continued efforts to eliminate this distress­ matically saves lives, and even in some pa­ Dental Research. ing and disabling disease. tients, causes the skin to soften. Recent He received his predental training at the Scleroderma, which causes hardening of research has also reveal ed the importance University of Virginia, Charlottesville. He the skin and other tissues, is a serious of abnormalities of the m icrocirculation earned his D.M.D. degree from Tufts Uni­ connective tissue disorder, one of the 100 (fine blood vessels) in causing sclero­ versity, Boston, in 1971 , and his Ph.D. forms of the family of rheumatic diseases. derma. degree in biochemistry from Boston Uni­ In the systemic form, scleroderma can Scleroderma Research Supported versity in 1974.C affect the joints and muscles, as well as the skin; and it frequently involves vital NIH supports research related to sclero­ organs, such as the gastrointestinal tract, derma through the Nati onal Institute of Six New Members Named and, more critically, the lungs, heart, Arthritis, Diabetes and Digestiv~ and Kid­ To Director's Committee and/or kidneys. ney Diseases, and the Division of Re­ Although scleroderma can begin at any search Resources, as well as other com­ Six new members, selected by the Sec­ age, including childhood, it is most com­ ponents. retary, have been appointed to the NIH Ad­ mon In middle age, affecting thousands of Two voluntary health organizations are visory Committee to the Director (DAG). Americans, women more than men, during devoting all their efforts to increasing both The DAC, comprised of 16 members, will their productive years. research in and awareness of the disorder: concentrate in the coming year on policy The outlook for victims of scleroderma the Un ited Scleroderma Foundation, head­ development relating to the cost of has improved significantly in recent years. quartered in Watsonville, Calif., and the biomedical research, cooperation with in­ Previously, when scleroderma attacked the Scleroderma Research Foundation of Co­ dustry, and p lanning of a biomedical kidneys, the chances of survival were slim. lumbus, N.J. research strategy. This is no longer the case. The Arthritis Foundation, a national vol­ The six new members are: untary health association based in Atlanta, Or, WIiiiam H. Danlorlh, chancellor, Washing ion Uolversity, SI. Louis; or. David O. OeWeese. professor and chairman, is committed to finding the causes, treat­ department of otola,')'ngology, UnilletsHy of Oregon Medlcat ment, and prevention of all forms of rheu­ School; Dr, lrvmg H. Leopold, chief, deparlmenl ol ophthal, mology, University of California; Dr. Douglas D. McGregor. Stop Smoking matic disease, including scleroderma. □ dlrecto,, James A Baker Institute, Cornell University; Dr. WIiiiam The Employee Assistance Program of S. Partridge, president and general manager, University of Utah Research lnslitute: and Or. Cornelius W. Pe1tinga, executive vice the Occupational Medical Services will president, Eli LIiiy and Company, Indianapolis. present a 6-week "stop smoking" program And the night shall be filled with music. And the cares, that infest the day, In addition, Juliann Bluitt, associate which will be held on successive Wednes­ dean of admissions, Northwestern Univer­ days, beginning Feb. 17, from 12:30 to 1:30 Shall fold their tents, like the Arabs, And as silently steal away. sity Dental School, was named to com­ p.m., in Bldg. 31, Rm. B2B-35. plete the term of Dr. Benno Schmidt. 0 To register, call Morris Schapiro, -Longfellow □ 496-3164.IJ U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1982-341- 134110

Page 12 The NIH Record February 2, 1982