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UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DEL ECUADOR FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS AGRÍCOLAS Carrera Turismo Ecológico

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UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DEL ECUADOR FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS AGRÍCOLAS Carrera Turismo Ecológico UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DEL ECUADOR FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS AGRÍCOLAS Carrera Turismo Ecológico DISEÑO DE UN CENTRO DE VISITANTES PARA EL DESARROLLO TURÍSTICO DE LA CIUDAD DE MACHACHI, CANTÓN MEJÍA – PROVINCIA DE PICHINCHA TESIS DE GRADO PREVIO A LA OBTENCIÓN DEL TÍTULO EN LICENCIATURA EN TURISMO ECOLÓGICO ADRIANA ALEXANDRA CUSHICÓNDOR QUINGA QUITO – ECUADOR 2013 i DEDICATORIA La presente tesis lo dedico de manera muy especial a mi querida madre quien con su confianza, apoyo, amor, esfuerzo y su constante lucha, enfundo en mí, perseverancia, firmeza y fortaleza ante dificultades que se presenten a lo largo de mi vida personal y profesional, esforzarme hasta conseguir cada uno de mis sueños, objetivos y metas trazados, para en un futuro alcanzar el éxito. Así me atrevo a decir que “El Querer es Poder y Vencer”. ii AGRADECIMIENTOS Expreso mis más sinceros agradecimientos y reconocimientos a todos los docentes de la Universidad Central del Ecuador, Facultad de Filosofía, Escuela de Biología y Química, a todas y cada una de las personas y profesionales que de forma silenciosa colaboraron para que esta tesis se efectue. De igual manera un eterno agradecimiento a toda mi familia quien con su constante colaboración, fidelidad e ilimitado apoyo, durante mi vida académica. A todos y cada uno de ellos GRACIAS. iii AUTORIZACION DE LA TUTORIA INTELECTUAL Yo, ADRIANA ALEXANDRA CUSHICONDOR QUINGA en calidad de autora del trabajo de investigación o tesis realizada sobre "DISEÑO DE UN CENTRO DE VISITANTES PARA EL DESARROLLO TURÍSTICO DE LA CIUDAD DE MACHACHI, CANTON MEJ~- PROVINCIA DE PICHINCHA", "DESIGN OF A VISITOR CENTER DEVELOPMENT TURISTIC IN THE MACHACEíI CITY, MEJIA CANTON - PICHINCHA PROVINCE", por la presente autorizo a la UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DEL ECUADOR, hacer uso de todos los contenidos que me pertenecen o de parte de los que contiene esta obra, con fines estrictamente académicos o de investigación. Los derechos que como autora me corresponde, con excepción de la presente autorizacibn, seguirán vigentes a mi favor, de conformidad con lo establecido en los artículos 5,6,8; 19 y de más pertinentes de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual y su Reglamento. Quito, 3 1 de Julio del 2013. En calidad de tutor del trabajo de graduación cuyo título es: 6b~~~~Ñ~DE UN CENTRO DE VISITANTES PARA EL DESARROLLO TURÍSTICO DE LA CIUDAD DE MACHACHT, CANTON ME^ - PROVINCIA DE PICHINCaA presentado por la señorita ADRIANA ALEXANDRA CUSHICÓNDOR QUINGA, previo a la obtención del Título de Licenciada en Turismo Ecológico, considero que el proyecto reúne los requisitos necesarios. - Quito, 3 1 de Julio del 20 13 &J Ing. Mari0 Arias TUTOR Quito, 3 1 de Julio del 20 13 Doctor. Jésus Inca DIRECTOR DE LA CARRERA DE TURISMO ECOLOGICO Presente. Señor Director: Luego de las revisiones técnicas realizadas por mi persona del trabajo de graduación u~~~~Ñ~DE UN CENTRO DE VISITANTES PARA EL DESARROLLO TURÍSTICO DE LA CIUDAD DE MACHACHI, CANTON ME& - PROVINCIA DE PICHINCHA"; llevado acabo por parte de la señorita graduada: ADRIANA ALEXANDRA CUSHICÓNDOR QUINGA de la carrera de Turismo Ecológico, ha concluido de manera exitosa, consecuentemente la indicada estudiante podrá continuar con los trámites de graduación correspondientes de acuerdo a lo que estipula las normativas y disposiciones legales. Por la atención que se digne dar a la presente, reitero mi agradecimiento. TUTOR DISEÑO DE UN CENTRO DE VISITANTES PARA EL DESARROLLO TUR~STICODE LA CIUDAD DE MACHACHI, CANTON MEJÍA - PROVINCIA DE PICHINCHA APROBADO POR: Lng. Mario Arias TUTOR DE TESIS Dr. Inca Jesús PRESIDENTE DEL TRIBUNAL Dra. Francia Donoso PRIMER VOCAL Ing. Valdano Tafur SEGUNDO VOCAL CONTENIDO CAPITULO PÁGINAS 1. INTRODUCCIÓN 1 1.1. Planteamiento del problema 3 1.2. Formulación del Problema 4 1.3. Preguntas Directrices 4 1.4. Objetivo General 5 1.5. Objetivos Específicos 5 2. REVISIÓN DE LITERATURA 6 2.1. Antecedentes de la investigación 6 2.2. Definición de Centro de Visitantes 7 2.2.1. Principales funciones de un Centro de Visitante. 8 2.2.2. Importancia de un Centro de Visitantes 8 2.2.3. Beneficios del centro de visitantes 8 2.3. Origen del ecoturismo 9 2.3.1. Definición de Turismo ecológico 9 2.3.2. Importancia del Turismo ecológico 10 2.3.3. Valores del Turismo Ecológico 10 2.4. Interpretación Ambiental 10 2.4.1. Por qué realizar Interpretación Ambiental 10 2.4.2. Beneficios de la interpretación 11 2.4.3. Cualidades de la interpretación Ambiental 11 2.4.4. Discrepancias entre Audiencias cautivas y no-cautivas 12 2.4.5. Clasificación de los Medios Interpretativos 13 2.5. Educación Ambiental 22 2.5.1. Planteamientos educativos para un progama de E.A. 23 2.5.2. Objetivos un progama de Educación Ambiental 23 2.5.3. Componentes del programa de Educación Ambiental 24 2.5.4. Como construir un programa de educación ambiental 25 2.6. Área de Influencia 32 2.6.1. Descripción del cantón Mejía 32 2.6.2. Limites 32 2.6.3. Orografía 32 2.6.4. División Política 33 2.7. Sistema Físico Químico 48 2.7.1. Geología 48 2.7.2. Geomorfología 49 2.7.3. Edafología 49 2.7.4. Hidrografía 53 2.7.5. Climatología 55 2.7.6. Ecología 56 2.8. Sistema biótico 58 2.8.1. Flora 58 2.8.2. Fauna 60 2.9. Sistema Económico 65 viii CAPITULO PÁGINAS 2.9.1. Demografía Cantonal 65 2.9.2. Demografía de la parroquia de Machachi 67 2.10. Conceptualización de variables 70 2.11. Fundamentación legal 70 3. MATERIALES Y METODOS 73 3.1. Población y muestra 74 3.1.1. Tamaño de la muestra poblacional 75 3.2. Operacionalización de variables 76 3.3. Técnicas e Instrumentos de Investigación 77 3.4. Validación y confiabilidad de los Instrumentos 77 3.5. Técnicas de Procedimiento y Análisis de datos 77 4. RESULTADOS Y DISCUCIÓN 79 4.1. Análisis Datos generales de la encuesta 79 4.2. Análisis de los resultados de la demanda turística 81 4.3. Perfil del visitante 91 4.4. Discusión de resultados 92 4.5. PROPUESTA 93 4.5.1. Introducción 93 4.5.2. Objetivo General 94 4.5.3. Objetivos específicos 94 4.5.4. Base Filosófica del centro de visitante “PUCYU SUMAK MANTA” 95 4.5.5. Principios y valores 96 4.5.6. FODA 97 4.5.7. Mix de mercadotecnia 98 4.5.8. Demanda vs Oferta 139 4.5.9. Análisis Económico Financiero 141 5. CONCLUSIONES 152 6. RECOMENDACIONES 153 7. RESUMEN 154 SUMMARY 156 8. BIBLIOGRAFÍA 157 ix LISTA DE ANEXOS ANEXOS PÁG. 1: Diseño arquitectónico del centro de visitantes .................................................................... 161 2: Planimetría del centro de visitantes .................................................................................... 162 3: Localización del centro de Visitantes ................................................................................. 163 4: Modelo de la encuesta aplicada español ............................................................................. 166 5: Modelo dela encuesta aplicada en ingles ............................................................................ 169 x LISTA DE CUADROS CUADRO PÁG. 1: Discrepancias entre audiencias cautivas y no cautivas ....................................................... 12 2: Usos del suelo ..................................................................................................................... 52 3: Principales cuencas y ríos del cantón Mejía ....................................................................... 54 4: Caracterización del cantón Mejía ........................................................................................ 56 5: Flora del cantón Mejía ........................................................................................................ 58 6: Insectos ............................................................................................................................... 61 7: Aves .................................................................................................................................... 61 8: Anfibios y reptiles ............................................................................................................... 63 9: Mamíferos ........................................................................................................................... 63 10: Peces .................................................................................................................................. 64 11: Planta turística de la parroquia de Machachi ...................................................................... 46 12: Planta turística de la parroquia de Alóag ............................................................................ 34 13: Planta turística de la parroquia de Tambillo ....................................................................... 36 14: Planta turística de la parroquia de Cutuglagua.................................................................... 37 15: Planta turística de la parroquia Chaupi ............................................................................... 38 16: Planta turística de la parroquia Manuel Astorga ................................................................. 40 17: Planta turística de la parroquia de Uyumbicho ................................................................... 42 18: Planta turística de la parroquia de Aloasi............................................................................ 43 19: Auto identificación según cultura y costumbres ................................................................. 66 20: Establecimientos económicos, según actividad principal ................................................... 67 21: Auto identificación según cultura y costumbres ................................................................
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