Georgia & Azerbaijan
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A Short History of Georgian Architecture
A SHORT HISTORY OF GEORGIAN ARCHITECTURE Georgia is situated on the isthmus between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea. In the north it is bounded by the Main Caucasian Range, forming the frontier with Russia, Azerbaijan to the east and in the south by Armenia and Turkey. Geographically Georgia is the meeting place of the European and Asian continents and is located at the crossroads of western and eastern cultures. In classical sources eastern Georgia is called Iberia or Caucasian Iberia, while western Georgia was known to Greeks and Romans as Colchis. Georgia has an elongated form from east to west. Approximately in the centre in the Great Caucasian range extends downwards to the south Surami range, bisecting the country into western and eastern parts. Although this range is not high, it produces different climates on its western and eastern sides. In the western part the climate is milder and on the sea coast sub-tropical with frequent rains, while the eastern part is typically dry. Figure 1 Map of Georgia Georgian vernacular architecture The different climates in western and eastern Georgia, together with distinct local building materials and various cultural differences creates a diverse range of vernacular architectural styles. In western Georgia, because the climate is mild and the region has abundance of timber, vernacular architecture is characterised by timber buildings. Surrounding the timber houses are lawns and decorative trees, which rarely found in the rest of the country. The population and hamlets scattered in the landscape. In eastern Georgia, vernacular architecture is typified by Darbazi, a type of masonry building partially cut into ground and roofed by timber or stone (rarely) constructions known as Darbazi, from which the type derives its name. -
20 291 Oversikt
Tel : +47 22413030 | Epost :[email protected]| Web :www.reisebazaar.no Karl Johans gt. 23, 0159 Oslo, Norway Highlights of Azerbaijan & Georgia Turkode Destinasjoner Turen starter KFSB Azerbaijan - Georgia Baku Turen destinasjon Reisen er levert av 10 dager Tbilisi Fra : NOK 20 291 Oversikt Spend 10-days in Azerbaijan and Georgia, where historical old towns and monasteries sit comfortably alongside towering skyscrapers. Discover warmth and pride among the ostensible austerity of Azerbaijan culture, then cross into Georgia to devour medieval ruins and traditional wines alike. Visit one of Europe's largest open-air rock museums, warm your hands against a mountain that is forever on fire, walk through the gardens of a local Kakheti family and then chat to them about provincial life over a hearty lunch. From cities to mountains, this trip guarantees encounters that will stay with you forever. Reiserute Baku Welcome to Azerbaijan! Your adventure begins with a welcome meeting at 1 pm. After the formalities are out of the way, head out on a walking tour of Baku with your leader. Take a wander through the Old City, entering through the Shemakha Gate and heading to the cylindrical Maiden Tower and the Palace of the Shirvanshahs, an impressive complex made even more spectacular by the fact that it’s framed by a modern skyline. Finish in the Old Market Square. Enjoy a free evening to do as you please. If you’re searching for somewhere to eat, ask your leader to point you in the direction of Nizami Street, where local restaurants line this busy boulevard. -
15 Day Georgian Holidays Cultural & Sightseeing Tours
15 Day Georgian Holidays Cultural & Sightseeing Tours Overview Georgian Holidays - 15 Days/14 Nights Starts from: Tbilisi Available: April - October Type: Private multy-day cultural tour Total driving distance: 2460 km Duration: 15 days Tour takes off in the capital Tbilisi, and travels through every corner of Georgia. Visitors are going to sightsee major cities and towns, provinces in the highlands of the Greater and Lesser Caucasus mountains, the shores of the Black Sea, natural wonders of the West Georgia, traditional wine- making areas in the east, and all major historico-cultural monuments of the country. This is very special itinerary and covers almost all major sights in Tbilisi, Telavi, Mtskheta, Kazbegi, Kutaisi, Zugdidi, Mestia, and Batumi. Tour is accompanied by professional and experienced guide and driver that will make your journey smooth, informational and unforgettable. Preview or download tour description file (PDF) Tour details Code: TB-PT-GH-15 Starts from: Tbilisi Max. Group Size: 15 Adults Duration: 15 Days Prices Group size Price per adult Solo 3074 € 2-3 people 1819 € 4-5 people 1378 € 6-7 people 1184 € 8-9 people 1035 € 10-15 people 1027 € *Online booking deposit: 60 € The above prices (except for solo) are based on two people sharing a twin/double room accommodation. 1 person from the group will be FREE of charge if 10 and more adults are traveling together Child Policy 0-1 years - Free 2-6 years - 514 € *Online booking deposit will be deducted from the total tour price. As 7 years and over - Adult for the remaining sum, you can pay it with one of the following methods: Bank transfer - in Euro/USD/GBP currency, no later than two weeks before the tour starts VISA/Mastercard - in GEL (local currency) in Tbilisi only, before the tour starts, directly to your guide via POS terminal. -
Tour to Georgia 10 Days /9 Nights
TOUR TO GEORGIA 10 DAYS /9 NIGHTS Day 1: Arrival at Tbilisi Meeting at the airport, transfer to the hotel. Free time. Overnight at the hotel in Tbilisi. Day 2. Tbilisi (B/L/-) Breakfast at the hotel. Tour of the historic part of the city, which begins with a visit to the Metekhi Temple, which is one of the most famous monuments in Tbilisi. This temple was honored in the 13th century, on the very edge of the stony shore of the Kura and the former fortress and residence of the Georgian kings. The first Georgian martyr, Queen Shushanika Ranskaya, was buried under the arches of the Metekhi temple. Inspection of the Tbilisi sulfur baths, which are built in the style of classical oriental architecture. These are low, squat buildings, covered with semicircular domes with large glass openings in the center, serving as windows that illuminate the interior, as the baths themselves are below ground level. In the old days, people here not only bathed, but also talked, lingering until dawn, and the city matchmakers arranged special days on special days. In the baths gave dinner parties, concluded trade deals. Walk on the square Maidan, which was the main shopping area of the city and along small streets known under the common name "Sharden". Narikala Fortress, which is the most ancient monument, a kind of "soul and heart of the city." The date of construction of the fortress is called approximately IV century AD, so it stands from the foundation of the city itself. Later, the fortress was expanded and completed several times. -
Great Caucasus
PREMIUM 11D8N GREAT CAUCASUS TOUR CODE: MCGYDA The spectacular mountain scenery, wonderful walks and picturesque old villages with ancient towers are all part of a trip to the Great Caucasus. SEVANAVANK MONASTERY,ARMENIA 14 Exotic | EU Holidays HIGHLIGHTS RUSSIA AZERBAIJAN Flight path • Gobustan Traverse by coach • Baku Old Town Walking Tour Featured destinations • Diri Baba Mausoleum Stepantsminda Overnight stays 1 3 • Juma Mosque Mtskheta • Nohur Lake GEORGIA • Sheki Khan’s Palace 3 Tbilisi GEORGIA Sadakhlo Sighnaghi • Kakheti Wine Tasting 1 Haghpat Sheki • Sighnaghi ARMENIA Baku • Ananuri Fortress Sevan Yerevan Shamakha 1 • Kazbegi Town 3 Geghard • 4WD to Gergeti Trinity Church Garni Gobustan • Mtskheta Etchmiadzin Khor Virap • Jvari Monastery AZERBAIJAN • Svetitskhoveli Cathedral • Cable Car to Narikala Fortress TURKEY • Tbilisi Old Town Walking Tour ARMENIA • Haghpat Monastery IRAN • Lake Sevan • Sevanavank Monastery • Geghard Monastery • Garni Temple • Cascade DAY 1 awesome Muganly Mountain Pass and • Matenadaran Museum HOME → BAKU (AZERBAIJAN) make a quick photo stop at Nohur Lake (if • Vernissage Flea Market Meals on board time permits). Afterwards, transfer to Sheki • Gum Market Assemble at the airport for your flight to Baku Khan’s Palace, built in 1762 by Hussein Khan, • Khor Virap Monastery – the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan. the interior of the two-storey building is • Etchmiadzin Cathedral decorated with magnificent frescoes and lit • Zvartnots Cathedral DAY 2 by exquisite stained glass. • Ararat Brandy Factory ARRIVAL BAKU → GOBUSTAN → • Yerevan City Tour BAKU DAY 4 Lunch, Dinner SHEKI → LAGODEKHI BORDER Upon arrival, proceed to Gobustan to visit → KAKHETI (GEORGIA) → famous rock art and museum.The Gobustan SIGHNAGHI → TBILISI DELICACIES Rock Art Cultural Landscape is comprised Breakfast, Local House Lunch, Dinner of more than 6,000 rock paintings and was Today, transfer to Azerbaijian-Georgian Meal Plan recognised as a UNESCO Heritage Site in Border. -
HIST WOR Photo TORIC CENT RLD HERITA O 1-1. Histor RE of SHEK
Photo 1-1. Historic centre of Sheki HISTORIC CENTRE OF SHEKI WITH THE KHAN’S PALACE WORLD HERITAGE NOMINATION FILE 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary_____________________________________ 5 1. Identification of the Property ____________________________ 14 1.a Country____________________________________________ 15 1.b State, Province or Region______________________________ 16 1.c Name of Property___________________________________ 18 1.d Geographical coordinates to the nearest second____________ 19 1.e Maps and plans, showing the boundaries of the nominated property and buffer zone_____________________ 19 1.f Area of nominated property and proposed buffer zone________ 21 2. Description____________________________________________ 22 2.a Description of Property________________________________ 23 2.b History and Development ______________________________ 53 3. Justification for Inscription 3.1.a Brief synthesis_____________________________________ 73 3.1.b Criteria under which inscription is proposed______________ 74 3.1.c Statement of Integrity_________________________________ 82 3.1.d Statement of Authenticity______________________________ 85 3.1.e Protection and management requirements__________________ 93 3.2 Comparative Analysis__________________________________ 95 3.3 Proposed Statement of Outstanding Universal Value___________ 110 4. State of conservation and factors affecting the Property_______ 113 4a Present state of conservation_____________________________ 114 4b Factors affecting the property____________________________ 123 -
Strategic Roadmap for the Development of Specialized Tourism Industry in the Republic of Azerbaijan
Approved by Decree of the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan dated December 6, 2016 Strategic Roadmap for the Development of Specialized Tourism Industry in the Republic of Azerbaijan 1 Contents 1. Executive Summary ........................................................................................... 4 2. GLOBAL TRENDS .............................................................................................. 6 3. ANALYSIS OF CURRENT SITUATION ............................................................ 10 3.1. Current status of tourism sector ........................................................................ 10 3.2. SWOT analysis of tourism sector ....................................................................... 17 4. STRATEGIC VISION ......................................................................................... 18 4.1. Strategic vision for 2020 ..................................................................................... 18 4.2. Long term vision of Azerbaijan in Tourism for 2025 ......................................... 19 4.3. Aspirational Vision of Azerbaijan in Tourism for post 2025 ............................. 20 5. TARGET INDICATORS ..................................................................................... 23 6. STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES .............................................................................. 24 7. STRATEGIC TARGETS .................................................................................... 25 7.1. Strategic target 1. Realize Baku's full tourism -
ISLAMIC-MONUMENTS.Pdf
1 The Masjid-i Jami of Herat, the city's first congregational mosque, was built on the site of two smaller Zoroastrian fire temples that were destroyed by earthquake and fire. A mosque construction was started by the Ghurid ruler Ghiyas ad-Din Ghori in 1200 (597 AH), and, after his death, the building was continued by his brother and successor Muhammad of Ghor. In 1221, Genghis Khan conquered the province, and along with much of Herat, the small building fell into ruin. It wasn't until after 1245, under Shams al-Din Kart that any rebuilding programs were undertaken, and construction on the mosque was not started until 1306. However, a devastating earthquake in 1364 left the building almost completely destroyed, although some attempt was made to rebuild it. After 1397, the Timurid rulers redirected Herat's growth towards the northern part of the city. This suburbanization and the building of a new congregational mosque in Gawhar Shad's Musalla marked the end of the Masjid Jami's patronage by a monarchy. 2 This mosque was constructed in 1888 and was the first mosque in any Australian capital city. It has four minarets which were built in 1903 for 150 pounds by local cameleers with some help from Islamic sponsors from Melbourne. Its founding members lie in the quiet part of the South West corner of the city. 3 The Cyprus Turkish Islamic Community of Victoria was established in Richmond, Clifton Hill, and was then relocated to Ballarat Road, Sunshine in 1985 The Sunshine Mosque is the biggest Mosque in Victoria, and has extended its services to cater for ladies, elderly and youth groups. -
Wikivoyage Georgia.Pdf
WikiVoyage Georgia March 2016 Contents 1 Georgia (country) 1 1.1 Regions ................................................ 1 1.2 Cities ................................................. 1 1.3 Other destinations ........................................... 1 1.4 Understand .............................................. 2 1.4.1 People ............................................. 3 1.5 Get in ................................................. 3 1.5.1 Visas ............................................. 3 1.5.2 By plane ............................................ 4 1.5.3 By bus ............................................. 4 1.5.4 By minibus .......................................... 4 1.5.5 By car ............................................. 4 1.5.6 By train ............................................ 5 1.5.7 By boat ............................................ 5 1.6 Get around ............................................... 5 1.6.1 Taxi .............................................. 5 1.6.2 Minibus ............................................ 5 1.6.3 By train ............................................ 5 1.6.4 By bike ............................................ 5 1.6.5 City Bus ............................................ 5 1.6.6 Mountain Travel ....................................... 6 1.7 Talk .................................................. 6 1.8 See ................................................... 6 1.9 Do ................................................... 7 1.10 Buy .................................................. 7 1.10.1 -
Arrival in Baku Itinerary for Azerbaijan, Georgia
Expat Explore - Version: Thu Sep 23 2021 16:18:54 GMT+0000 (Coordinated Universal Time) Page: 1/15 Itinerary for Azerbaijan, Georgia & Armenia • Expat Explore Start Point: End Point: Hotel in Baku, Hotel in Yerevan, Please contact us Please contact us from 14:00 hrs 10:00 hrs DAY 1: Arrival in Baku Start in Baku, the largest city on the Caspian Sea and capital of Azerbaijan. Today you have time to settle in and explore at leisure. Think of the city as a combination of Paris and Dubai, a place that offers both history and contemporary culture, and an intriguing blend of east meets west. The heart of the city is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, surrounded by a fortified wall and pleasant pedestrianised boulevards that offer fantastic shopping opportunities. Attractions include the local Carpet Museum and the National Museum of History and Azerbaijan. Experiences Expat Explore - Version: Thu Sep 23 2021 16:18:54 GMT+0000 (Coordinated Universal Time) Page: 2/15 Arrival. Join up with the tour at our starting hotel in Baku. If you arrive early you’ll have free time to explore the city. The waterfront is a great place to stroll this evening, with a cooling sea breeze and plenty of entertainment options and restaurants. Included Meals Accommodation Breakfast: Lunch: Dinner: Hotel Royal Garden DAY 2: Baku - Gobustan National Park - Mud Volcano Safari - Baku Old City Tour After breakfast, dive straight into exploring the history of Azerbaijan! Head south from Baku to Gobustan National Park. This archaeological reserve is home to mud volcanoes and over 600,000 ancient rock engravings and paintings. -
Parys Mountain, Anglesey
YRC JOURNAL Exploration, mountaineering and caving since 1892 issue 21 Series 13 SUMMER 2016 Articles Trekking in Morroco Azerbaijan Summer Isles Parys Mountain MOUNTAINS OF MOURNE ROSEBERRY TOPPING PHOTOGRAPH CHRIS SWINDEN 1 CONTENTS 3 Editorial 4 Azerbaijan John & Valerie Middleton 8 Invasion Roy Denney 10 Summer Isles Alan Linford 11 Poet’s Corner Wm Cecil Slingsby 12 Australia Iain Gilmour 13 Parys Mountain Tim Josephy 16 Chippings 21 Natural History 26 Obituaries and appreciations 33 Morocco 48 Reviews 49 UK Meet reports Jan 8-10 Little Langdale, Cumbria Jan 28-31 Glencoe, Scotland Feb 26-28 Cwm Dyli, Wales Mar 18-20 Newtonmoor, Scotland Apr 22-24 Thirlmere, Cumbria May 7-14 Leverburgh, Harris May 20-22 North Wales Jun 10-12 Ennerdale, Cumbria YRC journal Page 2 EDITORS NOTE The Club has been in existence almost We have been trawling through the 124 years which means next year will archives and old journals checking facts be something of a celebration and we and looking for material to include and it look forward to an interesting meets has reminded us that we have lots of spare programme. copies of old journals. We always print a few spares to replace members lost ones We are also bringing out a special edition and to be able to provide recent ones to of the Journal to mark the occasion. Work prospective members but invariably there on it is well advanced and I would like to are a few left over. thank the many members who have provided me with snippets and old In addition, many members’ families give photographs. -
Rapid Tourism Assessment Azerbaijan Tourism Sector
Rapid Tourism Assessment for the Azerbaijan Tourism Sector Development Program presented by Citizens Development Corps to The Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe Office in Baku March, 2004 Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................... 1 2. SECTOR OVERVIEW.................................................................................................. 1 3. DATA and DOCUMENTATION................................................................................. 3 3.1 Review of Previous Reports..................................................................................... 3 3.2 Current Tourist Profiles ........................................................................................... 4 4. INFRASTRUCTURE ASSESSMENT.......................................................................... 6 4.1 Policies and Laws .................................................................................................... 6 4.2 Visas......................................................................................................................... 6 4.3 Local Governments.................................................................................................. 6 4.4 Hotels and Restaurants............................................................................................. 8 4.5 Museums............................................................................................................... 10 4.6 Signage..................................................................................................................