Mucor Aux Matrices Fromagères Stephanie Morin-Sardin

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Mucor Aux Matrices Fromagères Stephanie Morin-Sardin Etudes physiologiques et moléculaires de l’adaptation des Mucor aux matrices fromagères Stephanie Morin-Sardin To cite this version: Stephanie Morin-Sardin. Etudes physiologiques et moléculaires de l’adaptation des Mucor aux matri- ces fromagères. Sciences agricoles. Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2016. Français. NNT : 2016BRES0065. tel-01499149v2 HAL Id: tel-01499149 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01499149v2 Submitted on 1 Apr 2017 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. THÈSE / UNIVERSITÉ DE BRETAGNE OCCIDENTALE présentée par sous le sceau de l’Université européenne de Bretagne Stéphanie MORIN-SARDIN pour obtenir le titre de Préparée au Laboratoire Universitaire DOCTEUR DE L’UNIVERSITÉ DE BRETAGNE OCCIDENTALE de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne Mention : Biologie-Santé Spécialité : Microbiologie (EA 3882) École Doctorale SICMA Thèse soutenue le 07 octobre 2016 Etudes physiologiques et devant le jury composé de : moléculaires de l'adaptation des Joëlle DUPONT Mucor aux matrices fromagères Professeure, MNHN / Rapporteur Adaptation des Mucor aux matrices Nathalie DESMASURES fromagères : aspects Professeure, Université de Caen / Rapporteur physiologiques et moléculaires Ivan LEGUERINEL Professeur, UBO / Examinateur Jean-Louis HATTE Ingénieur, Lactalis / Examinateur Jean-Luc JANY Maitre de Conférence, UBO / Co-encadrant Emmanuel COTON Professeur, UBO / Directeur de thèse REMERCIEMENTS ⇝ Cette thèse d’université s’est inscrite dans le cadre d’un congé de reclassement. Elle a été financée par mon ex-employeur, le groupe pharmaceutique international MERCK-SCHERING PLOUGH, suite à un Plan de Sauvegarde de l’Emploi (PSE) mis en place sur le site de production d’Hérouville Saint Clair où j’ai exercé durant plus de 10 ans en tant que spécialiste formation en charge des laboratoires de contrôle qualité de microbiologie et de physico-chimie et de l’unité de prélèvement et de contrôle des articles de conditionnement. Je tiens en premier lieu à sincèrement remercier la société MERCK - SCHERING PLOUGH pour l’expérience qu’elle m’a permis d’acquérir durant ces 10 années. Bien que le contexte social des derniers mois avant mon départ ait été complexe, j’ai réellement beaucoup appris au niveau organisationnel, technique, managérial, et humain durant cette période. Cette expérience acquise est une réelle richesse, tant d’un point de vue personnel que professionnel, et elle m’a été d’une grande utilité au cours de ma thèse. J’ai une pensée toute particulière pour mes anciens collègues toujours en poste et pour ceux qui, comme moi, se sont engagés dans une nouvelle aventure professionnelle. Je remercie également la direction de MERCK-SCHERING PLOUGH pour m’avoir donné la possibilité de réaliser ce projet personnel dans de très bonnes conditions, en finançant mon salaire durant ces 3 années mais également en contribuant largement à ma participation à des formations complémentaires (bioinformatique, qPCR, anglais, ISO17025, …) et des congrès internationaux. Je tiens à adresser des remerciements plus appuyés aux personnes qui m’ont suivie au quotidien dans la gestion des aspects administratifs de ce congé de reclassement : Mme Karine RABOTIN et Mme Sonia SLIMANI de la société de conseil ALTEDIA, Mme Chantal LEREVEREND, de la société MERCK-SCHERING PLOUGH. ⇝ Durant cette thèse en microbiologie, j’ai été accueillie au sein du Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne (LUBEM) de l’Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO), site de Plouzané. Je remercie tout particulièrement le Professeur GeorGes BARBIER, à l’époque Directeur du LUBEM et actuellement Directeur de l’Ecole Supérieure d’Ingénieurs en Agroalimentaire de Bretagne (ESIAB), pour m’avoir permis de réaliser ma thèse au sein de son laboratoire. Il a parfaitement compris mon projet de reconversion et m’a fait confiance, considérant que mon parcours universitaire et professionnel diversifié était un atout et un gage d’adaptation plutôt qu’un frein. Mes remerciements vont également à mon Directeur de Thèse, le Professeur Emmanuel COTON, actuel directeur du LUBEM, et à mon co-encadrant, le Dr Jean-Luc JANY. Manager une thésarde ayant une organisation de travail et un caractère marqué forgés par une expérience industrielle de plus de 10 années n’a pas toujours été simple mais je pense que les efforts consentis ont été productifs et les résultats obtenus à la hauteur du challenge. Je les remercie pour m’avoir permis de réaliser cette thèse qui finalise la formation pour et par la recherche que j’avais initiée il y a quelques années et j’espère que l’aventure des Mucor au LUBEM se poursuivra encore longtemps… Merci également à tous les Maitres de Conférences qui ont été impliqués dans mon travail : le Dr Louis COROLLER et le Dr Karim RIGALMA pour la partie modélisation, le Dr Stéphanie MADEC pour la partie protéomique, le Dr Laurence MESLET-CLADIERE pour la partie génomique et métabolomique. Je leur suis reconnaissante de m’avoir fait partager leurs connaissances, de m’avoir fait découvrir une pluralité de techniques et méthodes et d’avoir participé, à mes côtés, aux développements nécessaires à l’approfondissement des connaissances sur les champignons du genre Mucor. Un merci particulier au Dr Patrice NODET pour sa forte implication dans la partie médicale de la revue sur le genre Mucor que vous pourrez lire dans l’introduction bibliographique de ce manuscrit (publication n°1). Merci également à tout le personnel : agents, techniciens, ingénieurs, secrétaires, … du LUBEM et de l’ESIAB qui m’a apporté son soutien et son aide, tant au niveau administratif que scientifique. Je souhaite à tous les thésards et post-doctorants que j’ai eu l’occasion de croiser durant ces trois ans de trouver rapidement un poste qui corresponde à leurs attentes et de s’épanouir professionnellement et personnellement. ⇝ Je tiens à remercier tous les extérieurs au LUBEM qui m’ont apporté un soutien technique et scientifique et sans qui cette thèse n’aurait pu aboutir : - le Pr Vianney PICHEREAU et le Dr Sébastien ARTIGAUD de l’Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM) et le Dr Benoît BERNAY de la Plateforme ProteoGen de l’Université de Caen pour la partie protéomique ; - la plateforme BioGenOuest et la station marine de Roscoff pour les analyses RNaseq et l’initiation du travail d’annotation des génomes séquencés ; - le département R&D du groupe Lactalis, représenté par Mr Jean-Louis HATTE, la Société FromaGère de Riblaire, la Laitière de Haute-Savoie et Les fruitières de la Chapelle d'Abondance et de BoGève. ⇝ Je remercie les Pr Alain RINCE (Université de Caen) et Sylvie CHEVALIER (Université de Rouen) pour m’avoir donné l’opportunité, durant cette thèse, de réaliser des cours magistraux en management de la qualité aux étudiants de leur Master II « Microbiologie et Qualité ». ⇝ Mes remerciements vont également à Mesdames les Professeurs Joëlle DUPONT et Nathalie DESMASURES pour avoir accepté d’être rapporteur de ce travail de thèse, ainsi qu’au Professeur Ivan LEGUERINEL et Monsieur Jean-Louis HATTE, examinateurs, qui me font l’honneur de participer à mon jury. ⇝ Merci à Madame Michèle KERLEROUX et à Mr le Professeur Christian BROSSEAU, de l’Ecole Doctorale SICMA, pour m’avoir accueillie au sein de leur ED et m’avoir apporté leur soutien dans les formalités administratives et la réalisation de formations. ⇝ Je remercie le Conseil RéGional de BretaGne pour le soutien financier apporté à ce travail au travers du budget de fonctionnement qu’il nous a accordé suite à l’élaboration, au cours de la première année de thèse, du projet « MUFROMIC » en réponse à l’appel à projets Ingrédients & molécules, Matériaux, méthodes d’Analyses (AAP-IMA 2014). ⇝ Enfin, je tiens à adresser mes remerciements à mes proches… Mes parents et beauX-parents, pour leur soutien et leur aide logistique. Ma sœur, Sylvie, qui a toujours cru en moi. Maurice, pour son aide et son grand cœur « tout neuf », et Christian, pour ses bons petits plats… Bernadette, pour son soutien et ses conseils avisés. Mes supporters de tous les instants, Blacky et Jade, à qui je fais de grosses caresses. Petite pensée pour Nyma et Gaston, qui ont fait notre bonheur pendant de nombreuses années. Mes filles, Juliette et Cassiopée. Si cette aventure n’a pas été toujours simple pour elles, Maman n’étant pas toujours très disponible, elle a participé à leur inculquer le goût de l’effort, du travail, de l’entraide et de l’amour vrai. Juliette, Cassiopée, je vous promets de me rattraper rapidement … Mon mari, Thierry, pour son amour et son soutien de tous les instants. Nous voyageons tous les deux depuis près de 20 ans sur un chemin qui a été souvent semé d’embûches et d’épreuves. Qu’il est bon de pouvoir compter l’un sur l’autre pour les affronter et les dépasser ensemble... Cette thèse a confirmé mon sentiment que dans un monde où tant de choses restent à découvrir et comprendre, où les évolutions technologiques s’accélèrent et ouvrent de nouveaux horizons, où les financements sont difficiles à obtenir et doivent être rationnalisés, il apparait indispensable de mutualiser, partager, solliciter, s’ouvrir, être curieux, s’organiser, optimiser afin de faire progresser ses acquis, relever ensemble les défis mais également enrichir le commun. Dans ce sens, mon expérience professionnelle antérieure a été pour moi une réelle valeur ajoutée et cette expérience de thèse viendra l’enrichir et en renforcer les principes. « Souviens-toi de cette nuit, c’est la promesse de l’infini.
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