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DECEMBER 2015 December 2015 Issue 3 Welcome! MIDEAST CORAL REEF SOCIETY (MCRS) Mideast Coral Reef Society NEWSLETTER ISSUE 3 DECEMBER 2015 December 2015 Issue 3 Welcome! Dear all, corals from mideast reefs are nearly completed and a broad Our Goals not spared from temperature range of exciting papers are we are pleased introduce the stress and included in this issue already available online. Promote collaboration Mideast Coral Reef Society’s are reports about bleaching among researchers December 2015 newsletter! that started in the Central Read Finally, we are happy to support Sea this year. a call from our colleagues at the Promote Knowledge With COP21, climate science is International Society for Reef Exchange with stakehold- in the limelight. The media at- Also in this issue is an article Studies (ISRS) to nominate well- ers outside academia tention that the conference is about the recent efforts of deserving colleagues at all stag- Generate a deep under- generating means the world has researchers from the Iranian es of their carreers for a num- standing of Middle Eastern never been better informed National Institute for Oceanog- ber of prestigious awards. coral ecosystems about the threat that rapid raphy and Atmospheric science climate change poses to our (INIOAS) in the north-eastern If this is the first time that you Promote their conserva- planet. Central to COP21 was Gulf and an interesting study on see this newsletter and you are tion and sustainable use the idea of halting global tem- the rather unexpected bleach- interested in the MCRS Initia- perature increases (this centu- ing sensitivity of corals in tive you can become a member ry) at the 2oC mark. The agree- Hengam coral patches. and subscribe to receive the 6- ment of global powers to work monthly newsletter on our together to curb emissions is Another threat to coral reef webpage http://mideastcrs.org/. encouraging, however, now the survival that is frequently asso- Inside this issue: economies need to proof that ciated to temperature stress We welcome contributions they can put their intentions are coral diseases. These have about meetings and confer- Recent efforts of re- 1 into practice. It is clear that been involved in significant ences relevant to the Mideast searchers from Iranian coral reef ecosystems are al- mortality events in the Gulf in Coral Reef Society, as well as National Institute for ready suffering from significant the past but their pathogenesis outreach events and links to Oceanography and coral bleaching events on a is as yet not fully understood recent publications. Atmospheric science global scale due to increased (Riegl et al 2012, https:// (INIOAS) sea surface temperatures. With www.livingoceansfoundation.or With best wishes NOAA declaring the third ever g/assets/2013/08/ Coral Disease Out- 2 global coral bleaching event that riegl_gulfdiseases.pdf). Prof. J. Burt Prof J. Wiedenmann break is predicted to continue well Please support the current into 2016, the question of efforts to improve the under- Coral bleaching event 3 whether climate change-driven standing and support the ongo- in the central Red Sea socioeconomic change will be ing research by reporting dis- timely and extensive enough to eases! International Society 3 save a meaningful proportion of for Reef Studies (ISRS) our reefs can only be answered The work on the special issue – Awards and Honors in time. Even the heat tolerant of Marine Pollution Bulletin is Publications 4 Recent research by scientists from the Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science (INIOAS) Contact / Subscribe 4 by Jahangir Vajed Samiei density and diversity of phytoplankton, and envi- Ongoing research ronmental parameters including underwater tem- Ecological monitoring of coral patches in the perature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, nutrients, northeastern Gulf began in 2014. Photo and video carbonate chemistry, and PAH were evaluated surveys were carried out on fifteen 20m transects (for further details see: http://www.inio.ac.ir/ at five permanent sites established in coral Default.aspx?tabid=2615). patches of Hengam and Larak Islands (Fig. 1). Coverage of main benthic components; abun- Researchers are currently analyzing the data with dance and diversity of corals; prevalence of coral the aim to characterize the status of ecosystems; diseases and bleaching; and diversity and abun- identify natural and anthropogenic threats; detect dance of fishes were assessed. Concurrently, temporal and spatial variation in abundance and Page 2 Mideast Coral Reef Society diversity of marine organisms; identify possible causes for changes and consider how the research outcomes are relevant for local people. Previous findings A study on bleaching sensitivity of corals in the Hengam coral patches indicated that corals from the families Favi- idae, Pocilloporidae, Poritidae and the genera Coscinaria, Psammocora, Turbinaria, Montipora and Symphyllia bleached after ~3 weeks of exposure to daily average water temperatures >33°C, while Acropora downingi, the dominant coral of the community did not bleach. This suggests that Acropora downingi may have a higher heat- tolerance in these habitats characterized by fast tidal flows and rapid tidal cooling (Vajed Samiei et al. 2014). Figure 2. A view of Hengam Island’s coral com- munity taken at August 2014. Goniopora columna was bleached (lower left corner), while Acropora downingi retained is normal color. reefs, it is by no means the only factor. It may be argued that scientific research must be linked with society as its support is essential for the establishment, maintenance, propagation and ultimate impact of scientific findings. Personally, I believe that the link between coral reef science and society is currently fragile in the Gulf region and needs to be strengthened. Even in times of economic hardship initiatives such as those that facilitate the production of research-based documentaries high- lighting the unique nature of the Gulf coral reef habitats and the related ongoing research may aid in Figure 1. View of representative field sites at strengthening coral reef science’s place in society. The Hengam Island (a) and Larak Island (b), a MCRS may aid reef-stakeholders by acting as a platform photoquadrat (c), the benthic assemblage being for discussion and a vehicle to promote and enact plans processed by CPCe software (d). of action aimed at reef conservation. In a laboratory based study, we explored the effects of References thermal stress on autotrophic performance in A. downingi Vajed Samiei J, Saleh A, Mehdinia A, Shirvani A, Sharifi H (2014) from the Iranian coast. Our results demonstrate that Specific thermal regime and coral bleaching pattern in Hengam despite the high temperature tolerance of these corals at Island, eastern Persian Gulf. Journal of the Persian Gulf (Marine Hengam Island, local A. downingi populations may be im- Science) 5:15-26 pacted by future increases in sea water temperature Vajed Samiei J, Saleh A, Mehdinia A, Shirvani A, Kayal M. (2015) (Vajed Samiei et al. 2015). Photosynthetic response of Persian Gulf acroporid corals to summer versus winter temperature deviations. PeerJ 3:e1062 Current Challenges https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1062 Whilst the implementation of scientific research is an essential factor in the successful conservation of coral Coral Disease Outbreak A team of researchers from NYU Abu Dhabi, Zayed University and the University of Hawaii have been monitoring the progression of two types of diseases in the Arabian Gulf. This work is being undertaken to improve understand- ing of the environmental drivers of disease outbreaks and their impacts on different coral species. Preliminary results indicate that disease has been the leading cause of coral mortality on Abu Dhabi reefs from 2014-2015. If you have any sightings of disease that you would like to share with the team, please email these to:[email protected] Tissue loss diseases affecting Porites sp. and Acropora sp. colonies in the Gulf Issue 3 Page 3 Coral bleaching event in the central Red Sea By Anna Roik, Till Röthig, Maren Ziegler and Christian R Voolstra (Reef Genomics Lab, Red Sea Research Center, KAUST, KSA) Coral bleaching, caused by increasing seawater temperatures, is one of the major threats to coral reefs worldwide. This September corals in the central Red Sea bleached in response to high summer water temperatures. The last recorded bleaching event in the region occurred in September 2010 (see Furby et al. 2013*), demonstrating the potential vulnerability even of Red Sea coral reefs to the threat of global warming. To investigate the magnitude of this year’s coral bleaching occurrence, the Reef Genomics Lab (P.I. Voolstra) and the Reef Ecology Lab (PI Berumen; both Red Sea Research Center, KAUST) initiated a joint effort to survey benthic communities and their bleaching percentage from nearshore to offshore sites. We are interested in identifying coral taxa that are most severely affected and in monitoring the subsequent recovery processes of the coral communities. Bleached Acroporid table corals in the central Red Sea *Furby, K.A., Bouwmeester, J., Berumen, M.L., 2013. Suscepti- (13th September 2015, by Anna Roik) bility of central Red Sea corals during a major bleaching event. Coral Reefs 32, 505-513. Coral bleaching in a nearshore reef in the Central Red Sea (15th September 2015, by Maren Ziegler) International Society for Reef Studies (ISRS) – Awards and Honors The ISRS awards acknowledge the scholarship and work of members within ISRS. The ISRS solicits and encourages nomina- tions from members of the ISRS for each of the awards listed below: 1. Young Scientist Award 2. Mid-Career Scientist Award 3. Eminence in Research Award 4. World Reef Award Please think of well-deserving ISRS members and colleagues and submit a nomination! We encourage nominations of members from any country of origin. Additional details and nomination forms for each award can be found at http://coralreefs.org/society-awards-and-grants/awards-fellowships/ The closing date for receipt of nominations for each award or honor is 15 January 2016.
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