FOURTH FIVE YEAR PLAN 1969-74 DRAFT PROPOSALS CSL-IOD-27-PD 10034917 H illillll 307.140954558 PLA-F, 1969 GOVERNMENT.OF1 HARYANA > la n Nin g departm ent FOURTH FIVE YEAR PLAN 1969-74 DRAFT PROPOSALS GOVERhMENT OF HARYANA p l a n n i n g d e p a r t m e n t 1968. 7 c 0 - ^ 7 PP 3«?-/Vo^^Vrrf’ if CONTENTS C haptptjer P a g e s I. A general survey of Physico-geographical conditions 1 II. Present level of Development; JReview of important programmes 7 III. District Plans 23 IV. Objectives and Strategy 34 V. Resources for the Plan VI. Sectoral Programmes : ((i) Agricolture and Community Development Agricultural production 53 Minor Irrigation 64 Animal Husbandry 66 Dairying and Milk Supply 70 Forests 72 Soil Conservation 74 Fisheries 77 CD. and N.E.S. 75 Co-operation 81 Panchayats 84 (it) Irrigation and Power Multipurpose Projects 85 Major and Medium Irrigation ^ 89 Anti-waterlogging, Drainage and Flood Control 92 Power Projects 95 (iii) Industry tnd Mining Imdustries 98 » C h a p t e r Paoe (iv) Transport and Communications Roads 107 Road Transport- 10> Civil Aviation lOS Tourism 111 (v) Social Services General Education 114 Technical Education 118 Industrial Training 121 Labour and Labour Welfar« 122 Health 125 Water Supply 129 Housing . 13C Town and Country Planning 131 Welfare of Scheduled Castes, Backward Classes and Vimukat Jatis 132 Social Welfare 134 (vi) Miscellaneons Printing 136 Statistics '137 Publicity 138 Development of chronically drought affected areas 139 VIL Administrative and Organisational Problems 143 VIII. Programme for the Weaker Sections 146 IF T if HARYANA CHAPTER 1 GENERAL SURVEY OF THE VARIETY OF PHYSICO- GEOGRAPHICAL CONDITIONS EXISTING IN DIFFERENT REGIONS OF THE STATE 1.1 On 1st April, 1969, the region now forming Haryana State would have completed nearly two and a half years of its formal existence. The State has an area of 43,869 sq. kms. and on the eve of the start of the Fourth Plan, the projected population of the State would be 99 lakhs. In the North, Haryana is bounded by the Shivalak range and the river Yamuna forms the boundary in the East. The Arravalli ranges running South of Delhi through Gurgaon district up to Alwar and further on the desert of Bikaner stand at its South-Western boundary. To the West, Ghaggar stream forms half of the boundary and the other half follows along a vertical line drawn from the Shivalaks to Kharar town. 1.2. The region stands nearly on the water parting between the basins of the river Indus and the Ganges. It is formed almost entirely of alluvium. The North-Easttrn district of Ambala is at the foot of the Shivalaks and is mostly submountaneous. The region stretches into the plains of Karnal and forms the flat of a saucer in district Rohtak. In the Southernmost parts of the region, the system of Arravalli ranges consisting of Alwar and Ajaibgarh Series dominates the plain. A great deal of wind-blown sand stands piled up in the form of sand dunes several feet high and stretching miles in length forming a contiguous strip of 7,770 sq. kms. desert adjacent to Rajasthan. There is a gradual eleva­ tion towards the Southern part ending in Sohna plateau and Arravalli ranges. 1.3 Haryana is mostly a plain with a height of 927 ft. above sea level but there are sand dunes in parts of Sirsa, Fateha- bad, Hissar, Bhiwani, Dadri, Mahendragarh, Narnaul, Rewari and Jhajjar tehsils. The height of the Arravalli ranges varies considerably and the highest point is at 1,700 ft. above sea level. Morni hills in Naraingarh tehsil of Ambala constitute the highest point of Haryana where the height is 4,919 ft. above sea level. Pinjore gardens a famous tourist spot are at 2,217 ft. above sea level. • . Rivers and Streams 1.4 The region is far away from the three perennial rivers, namely, Ravi, Beas and Sutlej. It touches the Gangetic plain in the Eastern boundary where river Yamuna forms the common border of Haryana and U.P. Even though river Yamuna is peren­ nial, yet the supplies from this river are meagre and it irrigates only the South-Eastern part of the region. The Ghaggar rises in HARYANA GEO-PHYSICAL MAP NUM 0 HUftKtCCS COMTOwAS rO f^ U M C * H IU « AiVflU &AMO OUMCS ft ftAHOIr AACA UMCCa T*«M • vot A O .0 S < L the territory ofSirmur district of Himachal Pradesh and passing through Morni, enters the plains a few miles above Manimajra as a rapid and variable mountain torrent. It is joined in the plains by tributaries like Markanda, Sarswati, Chautang, Tangri, Kaushalia, Sukhna, Landran and Omla and it is finally absorW in the sands of Rajasthan. 1.5 The entire region can be divided into two tracts, namely, Ghaggar tract and Western Yamuna tract; the Ghaggar tract commanding almost 3/5th of the whole region. In the Southern region, the Sahibi Nadi rises in the Alwar series of the Arravalli hills and eventually falls into the Yamuna crossing Haryana through Jhajjar and Rewari tehsils, gathering water in great volume on the way. In Mahendragarh district, small rivulets and streams like Kasawati, Dohan , Krishnawati, Dhani, Cheema Wali, Musnuta, Meghot Binga, Ganwari, Nangal Du gu, Kaiba, Atela Kalan, Kheri Bura, Rakshi, Nai, etc., stream down the slopes of local hills causing floods and soil erosion. Climate and Rainfall 1.6 The claimate of Haryana, over most of the year is of a pronounced continental character : very hot in summer and markedly cold in winter. The maximum temperature is recorded in the months of May and June when it goes as high as 49°C. On the other hand, it drops as low as 2°C to 3°C in January. During winter, the region remains under the influence of cool winds and the general anti-cyclonic position is interrupted at times by cyclones yielding some rainfall in winter. Summer months experience hot weather with desiccating hot winds and occasional dust- storms, particularly in the sandy and water scarce tracts of Mahendragarh and Hissar. 1.7 The rainfall in the region is low and erratic. The maximum rainfall is about 216 cms. occurring in the foot hills only and the minimum rainfall is 25 to 38 cms. in Southern part. The rain is unevenly distributed during the year except for the two well marked seasons, namely, the monsoon period lasting from middle of June till September on which autumn crop and spring sowing depend and the winter rains which occur from December to February benefiting Rabi crop. About 80 per cent of the overall rainfall occurs in the months starting from July to September resulting in early local floods or wide spread floods in some areas. The districtwise rainfall is indicated below :— Name oj the District Average Annual Rainfall (1962—66) (in Cms) Hissar 39.82 Rohtak 59.33 Gurgaon 62.01 Karnal 62.58 Ambala 97.45 Jind 51.69 Mahendragarh 55.73 Soil, Soil Erosion and Subsoil Wate 1.8 In the whole region, excepting the flood plains of the Yamuna and the Ghaggar, the soil consists entirely of alluvium containing sand, clay, silt and hard carlcarious concentrations. In the Southern region known as “Khaddar”, the alluvium consists of sand and some silt deposited regularly by rivers and small mountain-streams. Broadly, the State can be divided into five soil regions :— (a) Desert Soils—^These are found in parts of Hissar, Mahendragarh and Gurgaon districts where annual rainfall is Itss than 300 mm. Tiiese soils are deficient in nitrogen, phosphorus and potash. Almost all the food grain crops and other commercial crops except sugarcane, are grown in this region. (b) Sierozen Soils-~lh.osQ are found in parts of Rohtak, Hissar, Gurgaon and Mahendragarh districts where normal annual rainfall varies from 300— 500 mm. Salinity and alkalinity are serious problems particularly in irrigated areas and wind erosion is also a common feature. Almost all the soils are deficient in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. All major crops and commercial crops except sugarcane, are grown in this re ion. (c) Arid Brown Soils—Th.Q&Q are found in parts of Gurgaon, Karnal, Rohtak and Jind districts, where normal rainfall varies from 500—650 mm. Salinity and alkalinity are serious problems. Wind and water erosion problems also exist. Soils are very deficient in nitrogen but contain phos­ phorus and potassium. AU major crops are grown in this region. (d) Tropical Arid Brown S'oi/j—These are found in remaining parts of Karnal and major parts of Ambala district where normal annual rainfall is 750—900 mm. Waterlogging, drainage, salinity and alkalinity are quite serious problems here. Soils are deficient m nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. All major crops and commerial crops except cotton and potato are grown in this region. (e) Redaish Chestnut Soils—These are found in parts of Ambala district where normal annual rainfall is 1,000—1 500 mm. The erosion of soil due to water is a very serious problem here. Soils are mildly acidic to neutral in action and dsficient in nitrogen, phosphorus but responsive to potash, zinc and iron, '^eat, maize and rice are main crops. 1.9 In the foot-hills of Ambala district, erosion is due to water action from heavy rainfall and fast seasonal streams passing through it. In the South-Western part, the problem is one of acute wind erosion due to the action of hot South­ Western winds coming from Rajasthan. Still another problem in district Karnal is that of water-logging due to the absence of proper drainage and inadequacy of water management practices.