DOCSLIB.ORG

Plant-Derived Chemicals As Tick Repellents

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Plant-Derived Chemicals As Tick Repellents Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Science and Technology 574 Plant-Derived Chemicals as Tick Repellents SAMIRA SADEK GARBOUI ACTA UNIVERSITATIS UPSALIENSIS ISSN 1651-6214 UPPSALA ISBN 978-91-554-7337-2 2008 urn:nbn:se:uu:diva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lory be to Allah (God) we have knowledge except what Allah has taught us. Verily, Allah is the All-Knower and the All-Wise. The Nobel Quraan (Surah 2, versus 32) In memory of my Father Elsadek Garboui To my mother Fathia Ahmed To my Family Gumaa, Maram, Rouaa and Mossa Cover photo: Biopix.dk List of Papers This thesis is based on the following papers, which are referred to in the text by their Roman numerals: I Jaenson, T. G. T., Garboui, S. and Pålsson, K. 2006. Repellency of oils of lemon eucalyptus, geranium, and lavender and the mosquito repellent MyggA Natural to Ixodes ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae) in the laboratory and field. J. Med. Entomol. 43:731- 736. II Garboui, S. S., Jaenson, T. G. T. and Pålsson, K. 2006. Repel- lency of MyggA® Natural spray (para-menthane 3, 8-diol) and RB86 (neem oil) against the tick Ixodes ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae) in the field in east-central Sweden. Exp. Appl. Acarol. 40:271- 277. III Garboui, S. S., Jaenson, T. G. T., Borg-Karlson, A-K., and Påls- son, K. 2007. Repellency of methyl jasmonate to Ixodes ricinus nymphs (Acari: Ixodidae). Exp. Appl. Acarol.42:209-215. IV Ashitani, T., Garboui, S. S., Pålsson, K., Vongsombath, Ch., Jaenson, T. G. T., and Borg-Karlson, A-K. 2008. Hyptis suaveolens a source for arthropod repellent compounds. Repel- lency of sesquiterpene oxides and sulfides to Ixodes ricinus. Submitted. V Garboui, S. S., Borg-Karlson, A-K., and Pålsson, K. 2008. Tick repellent properties of three Libyan plants. Submitted. Papers I, II and III are reprinted with the kind permission of the publisher. Contents Introduction.....................................................................................................9 Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) ..............................................................................9 Tick Control .............................................................................................11 Biological control ................................................................................11 Chemical Control.................................................................................12 Personal Protection ..............................................................................16 Plants used in this study ...........................................................................17 Aims .........................................................................................................20 Materials and Methods..................................................................................21 Study areas ...............................................................................................21 Sampling method......................................................................................21 Plant oils and arthropod repellents ...........................................................22 Laboratory bioassays................................................................................23 Repellency test on I. ricinus nymphs...................................................23 Steam distillation (IV and V)...............................................................24 Collection of volatile substances from the leaves and oils (IV and V)..........24 Identification of compounds (IV and V)..............................................25 Field experiments .....................................................................................26 Statistical analyses....................................................................................27 Results and Discussion .................................................................................28 Laboratory bioassays................................................................................28 Repellency test on I. ricinus nymphs...................................................28 Field experiments .....................................................................................41 Concluding remarks .................................................................................48 Sammanfattning (Swedish summary) ...........................................................49 Acknowledgements.......................................................................................52 References.....................................................................................................54 Abbreviations AI3-37220 1-(3-cyclohexen-1-yl-carbonyl)-2- methylpiperidine DEET N, N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide GC-MS Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry IR3535 Insect Repellent (3-(N-n-butyl-N- acetyl)-aminopropionic acid ethyl ester). KBR3023 1-piperidinecarboxylic acid, 2-(2- hydroxyethyl)-, 1-ethylpropylester LB Lyme borreliosis LD Lyme disease MJ Methyljasmonate MS Mass Spectrometry NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology PMD Para-menthane-3, 8-diol RB86 Neem oil 70% SPME Solid Phase Micro Extraction TBE Tick-borne encephalitis Introduction Ticks have recently attracted great attention and are currently considered to be second only to mosquitoes as vectors of human infectious diseases throughout the world. Each vector tick species prefers particular optimal environmental conditions and biotopes: these preferences determine the geo- graphic distribution of ticks and, consequently, the risk areas for tick-borne diseases. In non-tropical areas the main vector-borne disease is Lyme disease (LD) caused by Borrelia burgdorferi (Johnson) sensu lato and transmitted by Ixodes spp. Lyme disease is the most commonly reported vector-borne hu- man illness in the northern temperate hemisphere. Personal protection with repellents against blood-sucking arthropods is one strategy to prevent infec- tion with vector-borne diseases. Increasingly efforts have been made to de- velop alternatives to replace synthetic chemical repellents including the ex- traction and evaluation for repellent activity of plant products. It is well known that plants produce a wide range of compounds that act as a defense against herbivory. The development and use of locally available plant prod- ucts showing repellent activity is thus an alternative strategy for prevention of tick-borne diseases. Several studies have been carried out to evaluate the repellent action of compounds from various parts of plants. Some have pro- vided good protection against many blood-sucking arthropods (Davis 1985, Gupta and Rutledge 1989, Malonza et al. 1992, Ansari and Razdan 1994, Barnard 1999, Barnard 2000, Jaenson et al. 2003). Repellents are relatively inexpensive and a practical means of protection against nuisance and disease vector arthropods, especially when other control measures are not feasible. Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) Ixodidae, or hard ticks, are large blood-sucking Acari. The family Ixodidae is comprised of 13 genera of which 7 contain species of medical importance (Kettle 1995). The largest genus is Ixodes, which is estimated to have more than 200 species world wide (Kettle 1995). The developmental cycle of ticks includes four stages: egg, larva, nymph and adult. There are no sexually differentiating morphological characters until the adult stage is reached. Ixodes are usually present in humid environments, quest freely on the vege- tation or in the host’s nest or burrows and feed only once in each stage. Ticks are obligate ectoparasites of terrestrial vertebrates and are well known 9 as important vectors transmitting pathogenic micro-organisms to animals and humans in many parts of the world (Sonenshine 1993). Ticks affect their hosts by transmitting disease organisms, causing paralysis, reducing their growth rates and milk production, and by injuries leading to secondary infec- tions (Kettle 1995). In Sweden, >10 species of Ixodidae (hard ticks) occur on a regular basis (Jaenson et al. 1994). The most common and the medically most important tick in Europe is Ixodes ricinus L. This tick species has a very wide geographical distribution throughout most of Europe, including the British Isles. Stable populations are also present in northern Africa (Gray 1991). I. ricinus is involved in the transmission of spirochetes of B. burgdorferi s. l. which causes Lyme borreliosis (LB) or Lyme disease (Sonenshine 1993), the most common tick-borne human disease in Europe and the United States. The highest
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Potential of a Fly Gut Microbiota Incorporated Gel-Based Larval Diet for Rearing Bactrocera Dorsalis (Hendel) Mahfuza Khan1*, Kajla Seheli1, Md
    Khan et al. BMC Biotechnology 2019, 19(Suppl 2):94 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12896-019-0580-0 RESEARCH Open Access Potential of a fly gut microbiota incorporated gel-based larval diet for rearing Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) Mahfuza Khan1*, Kajla Seheli1, Md. Abdul Bari1, Nahida Sultana1, Shakil Ahmed Khan1, Khandokar Fahmida Sultana2 and Md. Anwar Hossain3 Abstract Background: The Oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is an important polyphagous pest of horticultural produce. The sterile insect technique (SIT) is a proven control method against many insect pests, including fruit flies, under area-wide pest management programs. High quality mass-rearing process and the cost-effective production of sterile target species are important for SIT. Irradiation is reported to cause severe damage to the symbiotic community structure in the mid gut of fruit fly species, impairing SIT success. However, studies have found that target-specific manipulation of insect gut bacteria can positively impact the overall fitness of SIT-specific insects. Results: Twelve bacterial genera were isolated and identified from B. dorsalis eggs, third instars larval gut and adults gut. The bacterial genera were Acinetobacter, Alcaligenes, Citrobacter, Pseudomonas, Proteus, and Stenotrophomonas, belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family. Larval diet enrichment with the selected bacterial isolate, Proteus sp. was found to improve adult emergence, percentage of male, and survival under stress. However, no significant changes were recorded in B. dorsalis egg hatching, pupal yield, pupal weight, duration of the larval stage, or flight ability. Conclusions: These findings support the hypothesis that gut bacterial isolates can be used in conjunction with SIT.
    [Show full text]
  • Demystifying the Placebo Effect
    City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects 9-2018 Demystifying the Placebo Effect Phoebe Friesen The Graduate Center, City University of New York How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/2775 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] DEMYSTIFYING THE PLACEBO EFFECT by PHOEBE FRIESEN A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Philosophy in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, The City University of New York 2018 © 2018 PHOEBE FRIESEN All Rights Reserved ii Demystifying the Placebo Effect by Phoebe Friesen This manuscript has been read and accepted for the Graduate Faculty in Philosophy in satisfaction of the dissertation requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. ___________ ____________________________________ Date [Peter Godfrey-Smith] Chair of Examining Committee ___________ ____________________________________ Date [Nickolas Pappas ] Executive Office Supervisory Committee: Peter Godfrey-Smith Jesse Prinz John Greenwood THE CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK iii ABSTRACT Demystifying the Placebo Effect by Phoebe Friesen Advisor: Peter Godfrey-Smith This dissertation offers a philosophical analysis of the placebo effect. After offering an overview of recent evidence concerning the phenomenon, I consider several prominent accounts of the placebo effect that have been put forward and argue that none of them are able to adequately account for the diverse instantiations of the phenomenon. I then offer a novel account, which suggests that we ought to think of the placebo effect as encompassing three distinct responses: conditioned placebo responses, cognitive placebo responses, and network placebo responses.
    [Show full text]
  • A Comparative Anatomical Investigation of Three Taxa of Brassica L
    Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 27(1): 15‒26, 2020 (June) © 2020 Bangladesh Association of Plant Taxonomists A COMPARATIVE ANATOMICAL INVESTIGATION OF THREE TAXA OF BRASSICA L. FROM BANGLADESH FARIA AKBAR AND KAZI NAHIDA BEGUM* Department of Botany, Faculty of Life and Earth Sciences, Jagannath University, Dhaka-1100, Bangladesh Key words: Brassica L.; Root anatomy; Stem anatomy; Stomata; Trichome. Abstract In the present study, micromorphology and comparative anatomy of young root, stem and leaf of three economically important taxa of Brassica L. viz., B. rapa L. subsp. campestris (L.) Clapham, B. juncea (L.) Czern. and B. napus L. are investigated in detail for the first time in Bangladesh by using light microscopy (LM). In anatomical studies, cross sections of young root, stem and leaf have been examined and biometric measurement of cell and tissues are presented. The micromorphological studies are related to the epidermal surface. In addition, the stomatal index and stomatal index ratio of these taxa have been calculated and presence of simple, non-glandular, unicellular trichome on stems and leaves also been observed except on the stem of B. rapa L. subsp. campestris (L.) Clapham. The anatomical study reveals that the investigated taxa have primary growth in roots and stems as well as amphistomatic and bifacial leaves with anisocytic stomata have been noticed. Finally, presence of tetrarch or single strand exarch xylem in vascular bundle of root, the size, shape and presence or absence of trichome over stem, shape of midrib of leaf have been considered to provide reliable features for identification of the Brassica species. Introduction The family Brassicaceae consists of 338 genera and 3709 species and dispersed all through the world, basically in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere (Warwick et al., 2006; Kasem et al., 2011).
    [Show full text]
  • Identification of Genes Influencing Wood Fibre Properties in Eucalyptus Nitens
    Identification of genes influencing wood fibre properties in Eucalyptus nitens By Nahida Bhuiyan B. Sc Ag (Hons 1); Master of Horticulture Thesis submitted in total fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Forest and Ecosystem Science The University of Melbourne May 2008 Abstract Eucalypts are a major forest resource globally and the area of eucalypt plantations for pulp and paper production is expanding rapidly in Australia. Consequently, there is an increasing need to breed eucalypts with improved wood properties. Since many high value wood traits are under strong genetic control, identification of DNA markers linked to these traits will have application in breeding programs. In recent years there has been a shift in marker strategy away from QTL mapping in pedigrees to association studies in unrelated populations. In the latter approach, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in candidate genes are screened to identify SNPs that significantly associate with wood traits. Significant SNPs could be used for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in breeding programs. The objectives of this study were to identify candidate genes that may influence pulp yield in eucalypts and to identify SNP variants in those genes that associate with superior wood and pulp traits. Approximately 300 trees from a full-sib Eucalyptus nitens progeny derived from a wide intra specific cross were used for gene discovery. DNA microarrays containing ~5800 young xylem of cDNAs Eucalyptus grandis were screened with probes synthesised from RNA isolated from trees with either high or low pulp yield. Forty-six transcripts were differentially regulated, of which 27 were more abundant in high pulp trees and 19 were more abundant in low pulp trees.
    [Show full text]
  • Medicinal Plants with Anti-Leukemic Effects: a Review
    molecules Review Medicinal Plants with Anti-Leukemic Effects: A Review Tahani Maher 1 , Raha Ahmad Raus 1, Djabir Daddiouaissa 1,2 , Farah Ahmad 1 , Noor Suhana Adzhar 3, Elda Surhaida Latif 4, Ferid Abdulhafiz 5 and Arifullah Mohammed 5,* 1 Biotechnology Engineering Department, Kulliyyah of Engineering, International Islamic University, Malaysia (IIUM), P.O. Box 10, Gombak, Kuala Lumpur 50728, Malaysia; [email protected] (T.M.); [email protected] (R.A.R.); [email protected] (D.D.); [email protected] (F.A.) 2 International Institute for Halal Research and Training (INHART), Level 3, KICT Building, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Jalan Gombak, Kuala Lumpur 53100, Malaysia 3 Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia, Pekan Pahang, Kuantan 26600, Malaysia; [email protected] 4 Centre for Toxicology and Health Risk Studies (CORE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; [email protected] 5 Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli, Kelantan 17600, Malaysia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Leukemia is a leukocyte cancer that is characterized by anarchic growth of immature immune cells in the bone marrow, blood and spleen. There are many forms of leukemia, and the best course of therapy and the chance of a patient’s survival depend on the type of leukemic disease. Different forms of drugs have been used to treat leukemia. Due to the adverse effects associated Citation: Maher, T.; Ahmad Raus, R.; with such therapies and drug resistance, the search for safer and more effective drugs remains Daddiouaissa, D.; Ahmad, F.; Adzhar, one of the most challenging areas of research.
    [Show full text]
  • TAXONOMY Plant Family Species Scientific Name
    Plant Propagation Protocol for [Mentha arvensis] ESRM 412 – Native Plant Production Protocol URL: https://courses.washington.edu/esrm412/protocols/[USDASpeciesCode.pdf] [USDA] plants database (10) TAXONOMY Plant Family Scientific Name Lamiaceae Common Name Mint Species Scientific Name Scientific Name Mentha arvensis L. Varieties Varieties of Mentha arvensis include: var. canadensis, var. glabrata, var. lanata, var. sativa, var. villosa Sub-species Sub-species of Mentha arvensis include: ssp. Borealis, ssp. haplocalyx, ssp. parietariifolia Cultivar Common Synonym(s) Mentha arvensis L. ssp. borealis (Michx.) Roy L. Taylor & MacBryde Mentha arvensis L. ssp. haplocalyx Briq. Mentha arvensis L. ssp. parietariifolia (Becker) Briq. Mentha arvensis L. var. canadensis (L.) Kuntze Mentha arvensis L. var. glabrata (Benth.) Fernald Mentha arvensis L. var. lanata Piper Mentha arvensis L. var. sativa auct. non Benth. Mentha arvensis L. var. villosa (Benth.) S.R. Stewart Mentha canadensis L. Mentha gentilis L. Mentha glabrior (Hook.) Rydb. Mentha penardii (Briq.) Rydb. Mentha austriaca Jacq. Mentha lapponica Wahlenb. Common Name(s) Wild Mint, Field Mint, Corn Mint, Japanese Peppermint, Banana Mint Species Code (as per MEAR4 USDA Plants database) GENERAL INFORMATION Geographical range Mentha arvensis is native to the temperate regions of central and western Asia and Europe, cultivated in tropical regions of Asia, and naturalized in North America (15). Mentha arvensis grows in native status throughout North America. and is found in all states of the United States except Oklahoma, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, South California, and Hawaii. North America Distribution: (10) Washington/Oregon Distribution: (10) Ecological distribution Terrestrial (riverine and temperate forest) Climate and elevation The preferred climate zone of Mentha arvensis is temperate climates.
    [Show full text]
  • 9-3 29 May 2021
    Volume 9 Number 3 29 May 2021 The Taxonomic Report OF THE INTERNATIONAL LEPIDOPTERA SURVEY ISSN 2643-4776 (print) / ISSN 2643-4806 (online) Genomics-guided refinement of butterfly taxonomy Jing Zhang2,3, Qian Cong2,4, Jinhui Shen2,3, Paul A. Opler5 and Nick V. Grishin1,2,3* 1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Departments of 2Biophysics and 3Biochemistry, and 4Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth & Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390-9050, USA; 5Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1177, USA. *Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT. Continuing with comparative genomic exploration of worldwide butterfly fauna, we use all protein- coding genes as they are retrieved from the whole genome shotgun sequences for phylogeny construction. Analysis of these genome-scale phylogenies projected onto the taxonomic classification and the knowledge about butterfly phenotypes suggests further refinements of butterfly taxonomy that are presented here. As a general rule, we assign most prominent clades of similar genetic differentiation to the same taxonomic rank, and use criteria based on relative population diversification and the extent of gene exchange for species delimitation. As a result, 7 tribes, 4 subtribes, 14 genera, and 9 subgenera are proposed as new, i.e., in subfamily Pierinae Swainson, 1820: Calopierini Grishin, trib. n. (type genus Calopieris Aurivillius, 1898); in subfamily Riodininae Grote, 1895: Callistiumini Grishin, trib. n. (type genus Callistium Stichel, 1911); in subfamily Nymphalinae Rafinesque, 1815: Pycinini Grishin, trib. n. (type genus Pycina Doubleday 1849), Rhinopalpini Grishin, trib. n. (type genus Rhinopalpa C. & R. Felder 1860), Kallimoidini Grishin, trib.
    [Show full text]
  • Protecting Human Health from Climate Change: Report of the Technical Discussions
    Protecting Human Health from Climate Change: Report of the Technical Discussions WHO/SEARO New Delhi, 18-21 August 2009 Regional Office for South-East Asia SEA-EH-568 Distribution: General Protecting Human Health from Climate Change: Report of the Technical Discussions WHO/SEARO New Delhi, 18-21 August 2009 Regional Office for South-East Asia © World Health Organization 2010 All rights reserved. Requests for publications, or for permission to reproduce or translate WHO publications – whether for sale or for noncommercial distribution – can be obtained from Publishing and Sales, World Health Organization, Regional Office for South-East Asia, Indraprastha Estate, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, New Delhi 110 002, India (fax: +91 11 23370197; e-mail: [email protected]). The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. All reasonable precautions have been taken by the World Health Organization to verify the information contained in this publication. However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied.
    [Show full text]
  • Saturday, April 18, 2015
    saturday, April 18, 2015 Sponsored by the Higher Education Council of Berks County: Albright College, Alvernia University, Kutztown University, Penn State Berks, Reading Area Community College. Hosted by Albright College. HECBC Program Cover 2015.indd 2 4/13/15 11:22 AM welcome Welcome to Albright College! We are pleased to host the 16th annual HECBC Undergraduate Research and Creativity Conference and look forward to all of the presentations. More than 200 students from the HECBC schools and other institutions are on our campus today, and the variety of projects you have worked on are testament to your hard work and talent, and to the dedication of your faculty mentors. As a liberal arts college, Albright recognizes the enormous value of undergraduate research and creative endeavors and actively fosters their practice. Faculty members from every discipline work side-by-side with Albright students, sharing in the creation of a unique curriculum that blends classroom learning, textbook study, close mentorship, and applied experience. We invest in experiential educational programs because it gives our students not only the skills their disciplines demand but also the wisdom that comes from making mistakes. This is where much valuable learning occurs. It is no accident that the Albright Creative Research Experience is among the most in-demand co-curricular programs on our campus, or that we have sent many dozens of students to present their work at the National Conference on Undergraduate Research. I thank Albright’s outgoing provost, Andrea Chapdelaine, who has been an unwavering champion of experiential learning during her time at the College, and Kim Justeson, our director of experiential learning, who has been instrumental in putting today together.
    [Show full text]
  • M. Gonzalo Andrade-C.1, Efraín R. Henao-Bañol2, Julián Adolfo Salazar E.3
    LAS MARIPOSAS (LEPIDOPTERA: HESPEROIDEA – PAPILIONOIDEA) DE LA REGIÓN AMAZÓNICA COLOMBIANA. M. Gonzalo Andrade-C.1, Efraín R. Henao-Bañol2, Julián Adolfo Salazar E.3 RESUMEN The objective was to develop a list of species of da- ytime butterflies (Hesperioidea and Papilionoidea) Dada la ausencia de inventarios faunísticos y espe- for the entire department, involving fieldwork, con- cialmente en lo referente a mariposas diurnas para el sultation of collections and taxonomic experience of departamento del Amazonas, realizamos una bús- the authors. A total of 1,228 species were identified queda exhaustiva sobre datos taxonómicos para las demonstrating the richness of this department re- mariposas diurnas de la región, cuyo objetivo fue garding the country. formular una lista de las especies y subespecies de mariposas diurnas (Hesperioidea y Papilionoidea) para todo el departamento, involucrando trabajo de Keywords campo, consulta a colecciones y experiencia taxo- nómica de los autores. Se identificaron un total de Biodiversity, Checklist, Butterflies, Colombia, 1228 especies demostrando la gran riqueza de este Amazonia departamento con respecto a nuestro país. INTRODUCCIÓN Palabras clave Colombia tiene una superficie de 1´141.748 Km2 Biodiversidad, Lista de Chequeo, Mariposas, Co- continentales y 930.000 Km2 marinos, lo que equi- lombia, Amazonia vale a 2´071.748 Km2. Nuestro país conforma el grupo de los 14 países que albergan el mayor índi- ce de biodiversidad en la tierra, denominados países ABSTRACT megadiversos, compartiendo esta categoría con Ar- gentina, Bolivia, Brasil, China, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Given the absence of wildlife surveys and especially India, Indonesia, Kenia, México, Perú, Sudáfrica y those regarding daytime butterflies of the Amazon Venezuela (Andrade-C., 2011).
    [Show full text]
  • Biodiversidad De Las Mariposas (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) De Colombia
    II. INVENTARIOS Y BIODIVERSIDAD DE INSECTOS BIODIVERSIDAD DE LAS MARIPOSAS (LEPIDOPTERA: RHOPALOCERA) DE COLOMBIA M. Gonzalo Andrade-C. Resumen Se presenta un análisis de la distribución y de la diversidad de las mariposas de Colombia a partir del estudio de la colección entomológica del Instituto de Ciencias Naturales. Se ha obtenido información para 2.107 especies de Rhopalocera. Se presenta el listado detallado por departamentos para 1.586 especies. Palabras Clave: Riqueza, Biogeografía, afinidades ecológicas, comunidades. Biodiversity of the butterflies (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) of Colombia Abstract An analisys is presented of the distribution and diversity of Colombia’s butterflies, based on the material found in the entomological collection of the Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, with information about 2,107 species of Rhopalocera. A detailed list, by departamentos, is given for 1,586 species. Biodiversidad de las Mariposas (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) de Colombia Key Words: Richness, Biogeography, ecological affinities, communities. M. Gonzalo Andrade-C. Profesor Asociado, Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, A.A. 7495, Bogotá Colombia, [email protected] Introducción Colombia tiene una extensión de 1.114.748 km2, que representan aproximada- mente el 0,7% de la superficie planetaria y en la cual se encuentra el 10% de la Proyecto de Red Iberoamericana de Biogeografía biodiversidad mundial. Este alto porcentaje de biodiversidad, en un área tan y Entomología Sistemática PrIBES 2002. reducida, hace que Colombia sea clasificada por los estándares internacionales C. COSTA, S. A. VANIN, J. M. LOBO como un país “megadiverso”. & A. MELIC (Eds.) La diversidad colombiana se expresa en los diferentes niveles funcionales ISBN: 84–922495–8–7 de biodiversidad.
    [Show full text]
  • COCCINELLID PREDATORS of APHID and THEIR PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS USING COI GENE SEQUENCES Research Article
    F.F. Rain et al. (2016) Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(3): 408-416 DOI: 10.3126/ijasbt.v4i3.15782 Research Article COCCINELLID PREDATORS OF APHID AND THEIR PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS USING COI GENE SEQUENCES Faria Farhana Rain, Abu Faiz Md. Aslam*, Habiba Sultana Ringki, Nahida Sultana, Nayma Akter and Abdul Jabber Howlader Laboratory of Molecular Entomology, Department of Zoology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh *Corresponding author mail: [email protected] Abstract An extensive survey of aphid predatory Coccinellid beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) was conducted in Jahangirnagar University campus, Savar during October 2014 to March 2016. Total nine ladybird beetles viz, Adalia bipunctata, Coccinella septempunctata, Coccinella transversalis, Cycloneda munda, Harmonia axyridis, Hippodamia convergens, Micraspis discolor, Scymnus nebulosus, Sticholotis sp. were identified as predators of aphid. Among them, Micraspis discolor was most abundant predator. Biology and bio-control potential of M. discolor was studied in laboratory condition on bean infesting aphid (Aphis fabae). The maximum predation was 102±1.83 observed in 4th instar larvae of M. discolor. Along with biological study, phylogenetic relationship of ladybird beetles was constructed based on mitochondrial COI gene. Out of nine identified coccinellids, five species showed more conserve region than the rest in alignment. The interspecific genetic distance ranges for nine beetles were very low (0.15-0.24). Higher interspecific genetic diversity recorded for H. axyridis. The phylogenetic tree was created and analyzed using both Neighbour Joining and Maximum likelihood methods to define the origin and evolutionary relationships of the species. Molecular analysis demonstrated that evolution of these species has been occurred from a common ancestor.
    [Show full text]