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Indigenous Bush Palletability
Mr Farmer--- Please send me a note or contact me with any suggestions with regard to bush or trees which should be added to this "sugested only" list! -- I will keep it updated as best I can! All I am trying to do is get info to farmers.-- Please, every farmer must do their own further research as i have found a lot of conflicting information on the internet! --- Thanks! To: [email protected] My cel: 0844534499 Please Note: (This is only a suggested guide. All users must please varify correctness before use of any kind!) 1. Ritlee Xecutech, Cedara or Marc Custers will NOT accept any liability or responsability of any kind whatsoever if there are any mistakes, conflicts or incorrect information on this listing! 2. Ritlee received a list with No, Species,Index from a bush specialist stationed at Cedara in Howick 3.This list has never been published and is only a help for those interested in this information. 4. Ritlee (Marc Custers -- Cell 0844534499) Added Common Name, Brief Description, Normal Location and picture to this list to try and assist with those interested. 5.The reason why Ritlee have done this is to help us premote our Ritlee 225 Chipper with grinder which is ideal for chipping bush into a consistacy we feel ideal for cattle and game feed addition. Woody plant palatability Index-- 0 – Not Acceptable, 0.1- Only plant parts eaten and 1 - Acceptable ->> No Species Common Name Brief Description Normal Location Index Pictures African tree – red pods and numerous Gauteng, Kzn, Namibia, Botswana and 1 Acacia Ataxacantha Flame Thorn 1 hooked prickles. -
The Taxonomy, Chorology and Reproductive Biology of Southern Afri Can Meliaceae and Ptaeroxylaceae
Bothalia 16.2: 143-168 (1986) The taxonomy, chorology and reproductive biology of southern Afri can Meliaceae and Ptaeroxylaceae F. WHITE* Keywords: chorology. Meliaceae. Ptaeroxylaceae. reproductive biology, southern Africa, taxonomy ABSTRACT Information is provided on the taxonomy, chorology and reproductive biology of 14 indigenous and two intro duced species of Meliaceae in southern Africa, and on Ptaeroxylon (Ptaeroxylaceae). Two new taxa are described: Nymanieae F. White, tribus nov. and Turraea strevi F. White & B. T. Styles, sp. nov. Nurmonia (Harms) F. White, comb, et stat. nov.. a new section of Turraea L. is created. The account complements the treatments of these families in the Flora o f southern Africa. UITTREKSEL Inligting word verskaf oor die taksonomie. chorologie en voortplantingsbiologie van 14 inheemse en twee inge- voerde spesies van Meliaceae in suidelike Afrika en oor Ptaeroxylon (Ptaeroxylaceae). Twee nuwe taksons word beskryf: Nymanieae F. White, tribus nov. en Turraea strevi F. White & B. T. Styles, sp. nov. Nurmonia (Harms) F. White, comb, et stat. nov., 'n nuwe seksie van Turraea L. word geskep. Hierdie verslag is aanvullend tot die behandelings van hierdie families in die Flora o f southern Africa. CONTENTS The position of Ptaeroxylon and Nyma nia............................................................ 163 Introduction.................................................................143 South African Trichilia: chemistry and Generic and family delimitation..................... .......144 the taxonomist's e y e .......................... 163 The position of Ptaeroxylon.................................144 Conclusions................................................... 163 The position of N ym ania.....................................144 Taxonomy as a visual a rt.............................. 163 The circumscription of Turraea..........................145 The Meliaceae and the chorology of south Notes on individual genera and species ern Africa.................................................. 164 1. -
<I>Trichilia Emetica
https://doi.org/10.30799/jnpr.062.18040201 J. Nat. Prod. Resour. - Volume 4 Issue 2 (2018) 179–181 ISSN: 2455-0299 Share Your Innovations through JACS Directory Journal of Natural Products and Resources Visit Journal at http://www.jacsdirectory.com/jnpr Isolation and Identification of Flavonoids Components from Trichilia emetica Whole Seeds Abdullahi Usman1,2,*, Vera Thoss1, Mohammad Nur-e-Alam3 1School of Chemistry, Bangor University, Bangor LL 57 2UW, United Kingdom. 2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Nasarawa State University, P.M.B. 1022 Keffi, Nigeria. 3Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O.Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. A R T I C L E D E T A I L S A B S T R A C T Article history: Five known flavonoids were isolated from the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of aqueous extract of T. Received 24 May 2018 emetica whole seeds. On the basis of 1D and 2D-NMR experiments and MS data analyses, these Accepted 09 June 2018 compounds were identified as naringenin (B), taxifolin 4’-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (C), elephantorrhizol Available online 13 June 2018 (D), catechin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (E) and eriodictyol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (F). DPPH radical scavenging activity was used to estimate the antioxidant capacity of each of these compounds. The result shows that elephantorrhizol has stronger DPPH scavenging activity than other isolated flavonoids. Keywords: Trichilia emetica Naringenin Elephantorrhizol 1. Introduction plates 20 × 20 cm, E. Merck, Germany). Visualization of the compound was done using UV lamp UVL-14 EL hand held 220 V 50 Hz 4 W 254 nm white The genus Trichilia belongs to the Meliaceae (Mahogany family), it light by UVP. -
Deinbollia Oblongifoliaand Spirostachys Africana Extracts 72
A RATIONAL IN VITRO EVALUATION OF 53 MEDICINAL PLANTS USED IN THE TREATMENT OF DIARRHOEA AND THE POTENTIAL USE OF DEINBOLLIA OBLONGIFOOLIA (SAPINDACEAE) EXTRACTS Gabriele Würger Mag. Med. Vet. (Veterinärmedizinische Universität Wien) Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Philosophiae Doctor In the Phytomedicine Programme Department of Paraclinical Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Pretoria Promoter: Prof J.N. Eloff Co-promoter: Dr L.J. McGaw December 2010 i © University of Pretoria DECLARATION This represents an experimental record for the work carried out in the Department of Pharmacology, University of Pretoria, under the supervision of Prof. J.N. Eloff and Dr L.J. McGaw. I, the undersigned Gabriele Würger, present this document as my authentic material and acknowledge that it has not been submitted in any other form to any other institution. I also acknowledge that I have consulted many publications in compiling this work and the references are all listed. Gabriele Würger ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank firstly Prof. J.N. Eloff and Prof. Botha as well as the University of Pretoria for the opportunity to do my research at the Phytomedicine Programme at the Department of Pharmacology of the University of Pretoria. A special word of thanks goes to Prof. J.N. Eloff for his help and guidance, his personal involvement and his invaluable support as my supervisor. Secondly, Dr L.J. McGaw for all your help with the laboratory work and writing up and most importantly for always having an open ear for me throughout the duration of this research. I am very happy that our professional relationship has evolved into a true friendship that I will cherish forever. -
Accepted Manuscript
Accepted Manuscript Plastid and nuclear DNA markers reveal intricate relationships at subfamilial and tribal levels in the soapberry family (Sapindaceae) Sven Buerki, Félix Forest, Pedro Acevedo-Rodríguez, Martin W. Callmander, Johan A.A. Nylander, Mark Harrington, Isabel Sanmartín, Philippe Küpfer, Nadir Alvarez PII: S1055-7903(09)00017-7 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2009.01.012 Reference: YMPEV 3130 To appear in: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution Received Date: 21 May 2008 Revised Date: 27 November 2008 Accepted Date: 23 January 2009 Please cite this article as: Buerki, S., Forest, F., Acevedo-Rodríguez, P., Callmander, M.W., Nylander, J.A.A., Harrington, M., Sanmartín, I., Küpfer, P., Alvarez, N., Plastid and nuclear DNA markers reveal intricate relationships at subfamilial and tribal levels in the soapberry family (Sapindaceae), Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution (2009), doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2009.01.012 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT Buerki et al. 1 1 Plastid and nuclear DNA markers reveal intricate relationships at subfamilial and tribal 2 levels in the soapberry family (Sapindaceae) 3 4 Sven Buerki a,*, Félix Forest b, Pedro Acevedo-Rodríguez c, Martin W. Callmander d,e, 5 Johan A. -
Trichilia Dregeana | Plantz Africa About:Reader?Url=
Trichilia dregeana | Plantz Africa about:reader?url=http://pza.sanbi.org/trichilia-dregeana pza.sanbi.org Trichilia dregeana | Plantz Africa Introduction Trichilia dregeana is a lovely large tree that inhabits evergreen forests in high rainfall areas. It is a highly ornamental species with considerable cultural and ecological value to match. Description Description A significant feature of the forest mahogany, particularly evident in those growing in open situations, is the beautiful dark foliage and large rounded crown. Impressive heights of up to 35 m have been recorded, the tall main stem assuming a relatively straight and sometimes buttressed habit, up to 1.8 m in diameter. The grey bark is smooth in texture, but often rough and segmented around the base of the main stem on older specimens. 1 of 5 2016/12/15 01:48 PM Trichilia dregeana | Plantz Africa about:reader?url=http://pza.sanbi.org/trichilia-dregeana The compound leaves can reach lengths of 70 cm and are imparipinnate with 3-5 pairs of leaflets and a terminal one, the petiole being 8-10 cm in length. The leaflets are entire, opposite to alternate, glossy and dark green in colour, and can attain a size of 21 cm in length and 8.5 cm in width. They exhibit 8-12 pairs of side veins, petiolules around 1 cm in length, and an undersurface that is hairless to slightly hairy and notably paler than above. The creamy-white flowers, produced from October to December, are borne in dense, branched axillary inflorescences, with petals that are velvety on both surfaces and 1.4 cm-2.4 cm in length. -
Floristic Composition, Structure and Regeneration Status of Riverine Forest at Nech Sar National Park of Ethiopia
Journal of Natural Sciences Research www.iiste.org ISSN 2224-3186 (Paper) ISSN 2225-0921 (Online) Vol.7, No.7, 2017 Floristic Composition, Structure and Regeneration Status of Riverine Forest at Nech Sar National Park of Ethiopia Mulugeta Kebebew 1 Hewan Demissie 2 1.Department of Biology, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch Ethiopia 2.School of Plant and Horticulture Science, College of Agriculture, Hawassa University, Hawassa, P o Box 1417 Abstract This Study was conducted in Nech Sar National park, Gamo Gofa Zone, Southern Ethiopia for analyzing floristic composition, structure and regeneration status of woody plant species. The floristic composition and population structure of woody plant species were recorded in 76 quadrats, each of which 20 m x 20 m size. Data on species cover abundance, DBH, height and numbers of individuals per species and altitude were recorded from each quadrat. From NNP Riverine Forest 86 vascular plant species, representing 65 genera and 30 families were recorded. The family Fabaceae had the highest number of species (11) followed by Euphorbiaceae each with 7 species, Sapindaceae and Tiliaceae each by 5 species. The four most abundant woody plant species in the forest were Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolus, Trichilia dregeana, Syzygium guineense, Euclea divinorum. Moreover, the five most frequently distributed woody plant species were Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolus, Trichilia dregeana, Syzygium guineense, Euclea divinorum and Maytenus senegalensis. Three communities: Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius-Trichilia dregeana community, Trichilia dregeana-Syzygium guineense community and Syzygium guineense -Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius community were recognized, with similarity coefficients of 0.65, indicating that there are moderate similarity among the communities. The Shannon-Wiener diversity and evenness in the forest were 2.92 and 0.68 respectively, indicating high diversity. -
Aspects of Seed Propagation of Commonly Utilised
ASPECTS OF SEED PROPAGATION OF COMMONLY UTILISED MEDICINAL TREES OF KWAZULU-NATAL by Thiambi Reuben Netshiluvhi Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in the Department of Biology, University of Natal, Durban 1996 11 DECLARATION The experimental work described in this thesis was carried out in the Department of Biological Sciences, University of Natal, Durban, from January 1995 to November 1996, under the supervision of Professor Norman W. Pammenter and Professor John A. Cooke. These studies represent original work by the author and have not been submitted in any form to another University. Where use was made of the work of others it has been duly acknowledged in the text. T.R. Netshiluvhi December, 1996 III ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I owe special gratitude to my supervisor Professor Norman W. Pammenter and co supervisor Professor John .A. Cooke for their excellent supervision and guidance. I also thank them for proof-reading my write-up. My special thanks go to Geoff Nichols, Keith Cooper and Rob Scott-Shaw for being so kind and resourceful pertaining to seeds of indigenous medicinal trees. I am compelled to thank Geoff Nichols once more for passing on some of his precious knowledge about seeds of indigenous medicinal trees. D. Pillay, M. Pillay, A. Naidoo and R. Padayachee for their general information about seeds of indigenous plants and the media used for germination. A traditional doctor at Isipingo informal herbal market, A.T. Fernandoh, organised gatherers and traders to be interviewed about the demand for herbal medicine. Finally, I would like to thank the Foundation for Research Development (FRD) for financial assistance they offered for a period of2 years ofthis study. -
Appendix F Specialist Studies
APPENDIX F SPECIALIST STUDIES The following Specialist Studies have been conducted for the compilation of the Draft Environmental impact Assessment Report. F1. Fisheries Study F2. Marine Ecology F3. Terrestrial Ecology F4. Maritime Heritage APPENDIX F1 FISHERIES STUDY ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA) FOR THE PROPOSED METISS SUBSEA CABLE SYSTEM OFF THE EAST COAST OF SOUTH AFRICA FISHERIES STUDY Date: March 2019 Prepared for: Environmental Resources Management South Africa (Pty) Ltd On behalf of the applicant: Prepared by: Capricorn Marine Environmental (Pty) Ltd Contact Details: Sarah Wilkinson P.O. Box 50035, Waterfront Cape Town, 8002 South Africa T : +27 21 4252161 F : +27 21 4251994 www.capfish.co.za 26 March 2019 This report was prepared by Sarah Wilkinson and David Japp of CapMarine (Pty) Ltd. David Japp has a BSC in Zoology, University of Cape Town (UCT) and an MSc degree in Fisheries Science from Rhodes University. Sarah Wilkinson has a BSc (Hons) degree in Botany from UCT. Both are professional natural scientists registered with the SA Council for Natural Scientific Professions (SACNASP). Mr Japp has worked in the field of Fisheries Science and resource assessment since 1987 and has considerable experience in undertaking specialist environmental impact assessments relating to fishing and fish stocks. His work has included environmental economic assessments and the evaluation of the environmental impacts on fishing. Sarah Wilkinson has worked on marine resource assessments, specializing in spatial and temporal analysis (GIS) as well as the economic impacts of fisheries exploitation in the southern African region. This specialist report was compiled for Environmental Resources Management (ERM) for their use in compiling a Scoping Report and Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for the proposed METISS Submarine Cable System off the East Coast of South Africa. -
Biogeography and Ecology in a Pantropical Family, the Meliaceae
Gardens’ Bulletin Singapore 71(Suppl. 2):335-461. 2019 335 doi: 10.26492/gbs71(suppl. 2).2019-22 Biogeography and ecology in a pantropical family, the Meliaceae M. Heads Buffalo Museum of Science, 1020 Humboldt Parkway, Buffalo, NY 14211-1293, USA. [email protected] ABSTRACT. This paper reviews the biogeography and ecology of the family Meliaceae and maps many of the clades. Recently published molecular phylogenies are used as a framework to interpret distributional and ecological data. The sections on distribution concentrate on allopatry, on areas of overlap among clades, and on centres of diversity. The sections on ecology focus on populations of the family that are not in typical, dry-ground, lowland rain forest, for example, in and around mangrove forest, in peat swamp and other kinds of freshwater swamp forest, on limestone, and in open vegetation such as savanna woodland. Information on the altitudinal range of the genera is presented, and brief notes on architecture are also given. The paper considers the relationship between the distribution and ecology of the taxa, and the interpretation of the fossil record of the family, along with its significance for biogeographic studies. Finally, the paper discusses whether the evolution of Meliaceae can be attributed to ‘radiations’ from restricted centres of origin into new morphological, geographical and ecological space, or whether it is better explained by phases of vicariance in widespread ancestors, alternating with phases of range expansion. Keywords. Altitude, limestone, mangrove, rain forest, savanna, swamp forest, tropics, vicariance Introduction The family Meliaceae is well known for its high-quality timbers, especially mahogany (Swietenia Jacq.). -
Download Document
SANBI Biodiversity Series 16 Butterflies of South Africa’s National Botanical Gardens An illustrated checklist compiled by Christopher K. Willis & Steve E. Woodhall Pretoria 2010 SANBI Biodiversity Series The South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI) was established on 1 Sep- tember 2004 through the signing into force of the National Environmental Manage- ment: Biodiversity Act (NEMBA) No. 10 of 2004 by President Thabo Mbeki. The Act expands the mandate of the former National Botanical Institute to include responsibili- ties relating to the full diversity of South Africa’s fauna and flora, and builds on the internationally respected programmes in conservation, research, education and visitor services developed by the National Botanical Institute and its predecessors over the past century. The vision of SANBI: Biodiversity richness for all South Africans. SANBI’s mission is to champion the exploration, conservation, sustainable use, appre- ciation and enjoyment of South Africa’s exceptionally rich biodiversity for all people. SANBI Biodiversity Series publishes occasional reports on projects, technologies, work- shops, symposia and other activities initiated by or executed in partnership with SANBI. Photographs: Steve Woodhall, unless otherwise noted Technical editing: Emsie du Plessis Design & layout: Sandra Turck Cover design: Sandra Turck Cover photographs: Front: Pirate (Christopher Willis) Back, top: African Leaf Commodore (Christopher Willis) Back, centre: Dotted Blue (Steve Woodhall) Back, bottom: Green-veined Charaxes (Christopher Willis) Citing this publication WILLIS, C.K. & WOODHALL, S.E. (Compilers) 2010. Butterflies of South Africa’s National Botanical Gardens. SANBI Biodiversity Series 16. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. ISBN 978-1-919976-57-0 © Published by: South African National Biodiversity Institute. -
Landscaping Protocol
ANNEXURE “A” ZIMBALI COASTAL RESORT LANDSCAPING PROTOCOL REVISION – JULY 2017 ANNEXURE “A” 1. PRESENTATION OF LANDSCAPING PLANS TO THE ZEMA OFFICE 1.1 The layout and format required by ZEMA of the Landscaping Plan submitted for approval is as follows: Each plan presented (per property) must be folded (not rolled) and placed into a single, A4, punched, clear plastic pocket. On the bottom, right-hand corner of the plan, (i.e. to appear on the front face of the folded plan as presented in its plastic cover) please ensure the following details are clearly provided: Landscaper’s Details: ➢ Company name. ➢ Contact person name (Landscaper). ➢ Telephone contact numbers (land and cell). ➢ Fax number. ➢ Email address. Property Owner / Applicant & Architect Details: ➢ Lot Number, including Portion number and Unit number (if applicable) of plan being submitted. ➢ Full names of Property Owner/Member. ➢ Physical address of Property/Lot. ➢ The architect’s details. ➢ Signature of Owner and Architect. ➢ Block for ZEMA authorisation signature. 1.2 The Landscaping Plan must contain and reflect the following details and information: (a) A proposed bill of quantities to reflect: ➢ Expected m2 of the garden. ➢ Plant names. ➢ Bag sizes anticipated to be used. ➢ Number of each plant to be used. ➢ Expected m2 of lawn. ➢ Compost and fertiliser quantities to be used. (b) All Plans must show the list of the plants that are proposed for the site. (c) A Key/Legend to reference the positioning of where these plants are on the plan. (d) The Date that your plan was drawn up. (e) Storm-water control and berms. (f) Contours of the site to be clearly illustrated on the plan.