Forestry Commission Field Book: Diseases and Disorders of Forest Trees
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Tests with Wood-Decay Fungi to Control Sprouting from Cut Stumps Infected by Dutch Elm Disease
$ 0HQNLVHWDO%DOWLF)RUHVWU\YRO ,661 Tests with Wood-Decay Fungi to Control Sprouting from Cut Stumps Infected by Dutch Elm Disease 1* 1 2 3 AUDRIUS MENKIS ,RIMVYDAS 9ASAITIS ,INGA-LENA ÖSTBRANT ,ALFAS PLIŪRA ANDJAN 1 STENLID 1 Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7026, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden 2 Swedish Forest Agency Gotland District, P.O. Box 1417, SE-62125 Visby, Sweden 3 Institute of Forestry, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Liepų str. 1, Gi- rionys, LT-53101 Kaunas district, Lithuania * Corresponding author: [email protected]; tel. +4618672729 Menkis, A., Vasaitis, R., Östbrant, I.-L., Pliūra, A. and Stenlid, J. 2017. Tests with Wood-Decay Fungi to Control Sprouting from Cut Stumps Infected by Dutch Elm Disease. Baltic Forestry 23(1): 270-273. Abstract The Dutch elm disease pathogen Ophiostoma novo-ulmi in year 2005 invaded the Swedish island of Gotland, which pos- sesses large and valuable population of elms. The control of the disease is accomplished when infected elms are harvested and destroyed, and stumps are treated with the glyphosate herbicide to kill the stumps and the root systems, and prevent further spread of the disease to the neighbouring trees via root contacts. The aim of the present study was to test an alternative method to control the stump sprouting by deploying two species of saprotrophic wood-decay fungi as biological control agents. The study was carried out during three consecutive years 2014, 2015 and 2016. Fungal inoculum of Chondrostereum purpureum and Stereum hirsutum was prepared by cultivating vegetative mycelia in liquid nutrient medium and then formulating into a gel. -
Achieving Effective Rhododendron Control by Investigating Novel Methods of Forest Vegetation Management
Achieving effective Rhododendron control by investigating novel methods of forest vegetation management By Edward Daly Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree in Doctor of Philosophy Waterford Institute of Technology School of Science 2014 Abstract In Ireland one of the most serious invasive alien species which poses a threat to local biodiversity, particularly to our native woodlands, is Rhododendron ponticum L.. Rhododendron was first introduced to Ireland during the 19th century as an ornamental garden plant and has since become an established invasive species throughout Ireland. Rhododendron has also, in recent decades, become a significant management issue in plantation forests throughout Ireland. This study sets out to improve our understanding of the auto-ecology and invasion dynamics of rhododendron in Irish forests and to investigate control options to inform future rhododendron management plans. The study was divided into three broad areas. The first study sought to investigate the efficacy of a recently discovered Irish isolate of the fungal pathogen Chondrostereum purpureum as an inhibitor of rhododendron and Betula pendula (birch) sprouting in Ireland. The treated stumps were monitored for fungal colonisation and adventitious sprouting for the ensuing 18 months. The results demonstrated that a combination of mechanical cutting and the subsequent application of C. purpureum is not an effective method of vegetation management for either rhododendron or birch. As a successful primary invader, rhododendron is often found in areas when recent land management activities have taken place. Disturbed substrate coverage and the absence of predators provide rhododendron with optimum regeneration conditions. Many land management practices (particularly in a forestry situation) expose soil. -
Molecular Identification of Fungi
Molecular Identification of Fungi Youssuf Gherbawy l Kerstin Voigt Editors Molecular Identification of Fungi Editors Prof. Dr. Youssuf Gherbawy Dr. Kerstin Voigt South Valley University University of Jena Faculty of Science School of Biology and Pharmacy Department of Botany Institute of Microbiology 83523 Qena, Egypt Neugasse 25 [email protected] 07743 Jena, Germany [email protected] ISBN 978-3-642-05041-1 e-ISBN 978-3-642-05042-8 DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-05042-8 Springer Heidelberg Dordrecht London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2009938949 # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2010 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover design: WMXDesign GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany, kindly supported by ‘leopardy.com’ Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) Dedicated to Prof. Lajos Ferenczy (1930–2004) microbiologist, mycologist and member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, one of the most outstanding Hungarian biologists of the twentieth century Preface Fungi comprise a vast variety of microorganisms and are numerically among the most abundant eukaryotes on Earth’s biosphere. -
Biodiversität Von Schmetterlingen (Lepidoptera) Im Gebiet Des Naturparks Schlern
Gredleriana Vol. 7 / 2007 pp. 233 - 306 Biodiversität von Schmetterlingen (Lepidoptera) im Gebiet des Naturparks Schlern Peter Huemer Abstract Biodiversity of butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera) of the Schlern nature park (South Tyrol, Italy) The species diversity of Lepidoptera within the Schlern nature park has been explored during the vegetation periods 2006 and 2007. Altogether 1030 species have been observed in 16 sites, covering about one third of the entire fauna from the province of South Tyrol. Fifteen additional species have been collected during the diversity day 2006 whereas further 113 species date back to historical explorations. The species inventory includes 20 new records for South Tyrol which are briefly reviewed. Among these speciesMicropterix osthelderi, Rhigognostis incarnatella and Cydia cognatana are the first proved records from Italy. Further two species from the surroundings of the Park include the first published records ofPhyllonorycter issikii and Gelechia sestertiella for Italy. Site specific characteristics of Lepidoptera coenosis are discussed in some detail. Historical aspects of lepidopterological exploration of the Schlern are briefly introduced. Keywords: Lepidoptera, faunistics, biodiversity, Schlern, South Tyrol, Italy 1. Einleitung Der Schlern übt als einer der klassischen Dolomitengipfel schon weit über 100 Jahre eine geradezu magische Anziehungskraft auf Naturwissenschaftler unterschiedlichster Coleurs aus (Abb. 1). Seine Nähe zum Siedlungsraum und vor allem die damit verbundene relativ leichte Erreichbarkeit haben wohl zur Motivation mehrerer Forschergenerationen beigetragen, das Gebiet näher zu untersuchen. Zusätzlich war wohl die Arbeit von GREDLER (1863) über Bad Ratzes für manchen Entomologen ein Anlass die Fauna des Schlerns näher unter die Lupe zu nehmen. Dies gilt auch für Schmetterlinge, wo erste Aufsammlungen bereits in die Mitte des 19. -
Taxonomic Review of the Genus Zeiraphera Treitschke (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Korea, with Description of a New Species
Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 9 (2016) 22e28 HOSTED BY Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity journal homepage: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/japb Original article Taxonomic review of the genus Zeiraphera Treitschke (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Korea, with description of a new species Sat-Byul Shin a, Bong-Kyu Byun b,* a Natural Environmental Restoration Institute, Daejeon, South Korea b Department of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Hannam University, Daejeon, South Korea article info abstract Article history: This study was carried out to review the genus Zeiraphera in Korea. In this study, a total of eight species of Received 10 December 2015 the genus Zeiraphera, belonging to the tribe Eucosmini, were recognized from Korea, with description of Received in revised form a new species, Zeiraphera subvirinea sp. nov. The wing patterns, and male and female genitalic structures 30 December 2015 for the known species of the genus are examined and redescribed. Key for the species is given. Known Accepted 31 December 2015 food plants and life histories, when available, were reviewed and listed. Available online 8 January 2016 Copyright Ó 2016, National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) and Korea National Arboretum (KNA). Production and hosting by Elsevier. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http:// Keywords: Eucosmini creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Korea new species Tortricidae Zeiraphera Introduction 1993). The members of the genus usually have one generation a year and hibernate in the egg stage (Medvedev 1987). The genus Zeiraphera belongs to the tribe Eucosmini, which is The first record of the genus Zeiraphera in Korea was Zeiraphera the second largest tribe in the subfamily Olethreutinae under the griseana (Hübner), which was listed in the “List of Forest Insect family Tortricidae with more than 1600 described species of 116 Pests in Korea” (Ko 1969). -
Argyresthia Laevigatella – Larikspedaalmot (Lepidoptera: Argyresthiidae), Nieuw Voor De Belgische Fauna
Argyresthia laevigatella – larikspedaalmot (Lepidoptera: Argyresthiidae), nieuw voor de Belgische fauna Steve Wullaert Samenvatting. Tijdens de 2de excursie van de Werkgroep Bladmineerders in het Wijnendalebos te Torhout (West- Vlaanderen) op 26.vi.2010 vonden we een Argyresthiidae waarvan we lange tijd niet wisten om welke soort het ging. Het exemplaar werd op genitaliën gecontroleerd en gedetermineerd als Argyresthia laevigatella Herrich-Schäffer, 1855. Gegevens over de verspreiding en de biologie van de soort worden meegedeeld. Abstract. During the 2nd excursion of the Workgroup Leafminers in the forest Wijnendalebos at Torhout (West-Flanders) on 26.vi.2010 we found an Argyresthiidae that remained unidentified for a long time. Recently the specimen was dissected and determined as Argyresthia laevigatella Herrich-Schäffer, 1855. Data about its distribution and biology are given. Résumé. Lors de la 2ème excursion de notre groupe de travail dans le Wijnendalebos à Torhout (Flandre Occidentale) le 26.vi.2010, nous avons trouvé un Argyresthiidae que nous n'avons pas pu identifier immédiatement. L'exemplaire a été contrôlé et déterminé ultérieurement comme Argyresthia laevigatella Herrich-Schäffer, 1855 sur base des analyses des genitalia. Des données sur la biologie et la répartition de cette espèce sont discutées. Key words: Argyresthia laevigatella – Faunistics – First record – Belgium. Wullaert S.: Sint-Jorisstraat 24, B-3583 Paal, Belgium. [email protected] Inleiding 1830) – nonnetjeszwammot, een soort die bijna 70 jaar afwezig was in België (Wullaert 2010). Ook vonden we De Argyresthiidae (pedaalmotten), die vroeger een heel wat andere soorten die nog nooit waren subfamilie van de Yponomeutidae was, is nu een aparte waargenomen in de provincie West-Vlaanderen zoals: familie geworden sinds de publicatie van een artikel door Antispila metallella (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) – grote van Nieukerken et. -
SP412 Color Update.P65
BULLETIN OF THE PUGET SOUND MYCOLOGICAL SOCIETY Number 412 May 2005 TRADITIONAL REMEDY GOES UNDERGROUND doing my best to keep up the society’s traditions, such as main- Phuket Gazette via Denny Bowman taining our library. In my first year I found these two goals somewhat challenging, AMNAT CHAROEN - A woman in this northeastern province of Thailand was the latest to take a controversial folk remedy to cure partly because of vocal suggestions that PSMS should sell our microscopes and give away our library. In the makeup of the cur- herself of the effects of some poisonous mushrooms she gathered rent board I see a deep-seated interest in amateur science and and ate. upholding the club’s traditions. She was recently pictured on the front page of a Thai-language Many of us, though, as pot hunters, just like to hang out together newspaper buried up to her neck, mouth agape, as she underwent the treatment. Before she was buried, villagers stripped copper and eat. Almost a quarter of our membership attended the Survivor’s Banquet in March and did just that. Yum. filaments from electrical cables and ground them up in a mortar. The metal was then mixed with a variety of herbs and given to the I confess that my interests are in the ecological and scientific realm. woman, who ate the concoction. She was then buried, which the One of my dreams is to help initiate a permanent display for the villagers believe allows the surrounding soil to absorb the toxins annual exhibit dealing with conservation and ecology. -
Additions, Deletions and Corrections to An
Bulletin of the Irish Biogeographical Society No. 36 (2012) ADDITIONS, DELETIONS AND CORRECTIONS TO AN ANNOTATED CHECKLIST OF THE IRISH BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS (LEPIDOPTERA) WITH A CONCISE CHECKLIST OF IRISH SPECIES AND ELACHISTA BIATOMELLA (STAINTON, 1848) NEW TO IRELAND K. G. M. Bond1 and J. P. O’Connor2 1Department of Zoology and Animal Ecology, School of BEES, University College Cork, Distillery Fields, North Mall, Cork, Ireland. e-mail: <[email protected]> 2Emeritus Entomologist, National Museum of Ireland, Kildare Street, Dublin 2, Ireland. Abstract Additions, deletions and corrections are made to the Irish checklist of butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera). Elachista biatomella (Stainton, 1848) is added to the Irish list. The total number of confirmed Irish species of Lepidoptera now stands at 1480. Key words: Lepidoptera, additions, deletions, corrections, Irish list, Elachista biatomella Introduction Bond, Nash and O’Connor (2006) provided a checklist of the Irish Lepidoptera. Since its publication, many new discoveries have been made and are reported here. In addition, several deletions have been made. A concise and updated checklist is provided. The following abbreviations are used in the text: BM(NH) – The Natural History Museum, London; NMINH – National Museum of Ireland, Natural History, Dublin. The total number of confirmed Irish species now stands at 1480, an addition of 68 since Bond et al. (2006). Taxonomic arrangement As a result of recent systematic research, it has been necessary to replace the arrangement familiar to British and Irish Lepidopterists by the Fauna Europaea [FE] system used by Karsholt 60 Bulletin of the Irish Biogeographical Society No. 36 (2012) and Razowski, which is widely used in continental Europe. -
Review of the Unicolorous Species of the Subgenus Blastotere (Lepidoptera, Argyresthiidae) with Descriptions of Argyresthia Svenssoni Sp.N
Ent. Tidskr. 132 (2011) Review of the unicolorous species in subgenus Blastotere Review of the unicolorous species of the subgenus Blastotere (Lepidoptera, Argyresthiidae) with descriptions of Argyresthia svenssoni sp.n. and A. kulfani sp.n. BENgT Å. BENgTSSoN & RoLAND JoHANSSoN Bengtsson, B.Å. & Johansson, R.: Review of unicolorous species of the subgenus Blas- totere (Lepidoptera, Argyresthiidae) with descriptions of Argyresthia svenssoni sp.n. and A. kulfani sp.n. [Revision av de enfärgade arterna i undersläktet Blastotere (Lepidoptera, Argyresthiidae) samt beskrivning av Argyresthia svenssoni sp.n. och A. kulfani sp.n.] – Entomologisk Tidskrift 132(4): 257-274. Uppsala, Sweden 2012. ISSN 0013-886x. The unicoloured species of the subgenus Blastotere in the family Argyresthiidae are re- viewed. Two new species, Argyresthia svenssoni sp.n. and A. kulfani sp.n., ,are described and compared with closely related species. The biology of A. svenssoni seems to be es- sentially identical with that of A. glabratella, and the two species have a similar distribu- tion pattern. However, when dissecting female specimens from north and south Sweden two different types emerged displaying totally different signa, which led to the conclusion that two good species were involved. Argyresthia svenssoni is so far recorded only from a few European countries, from Italy in the south to north of the Polar Circle in the north of Europe. Argyresthia tatrica Baraniak, Kulfan & Patočka, 2003, the description of which was based on material from Slovakia, is judged to be a junior synonym of A. illuminatella Zeller, 1839. The larva feeds on Larix decidua and possibly other species of Larix. The type material of A. -
Pseudotsuga Menziesii)
120 - PART 1. CONSENSUS DOCUMENTS ON BIOLOGY OF TREES Section 4. Douglas-Fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) 1. Taxonomy Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco is generally called Douglas-fir (so spelled to maintain its distinction from true firs, the genus Abies). Pseudotsuga Carrière is in the kingdom Plantae, division Pinophyta (traditionally Coniferophyta), class Pinopsida, order Pinales (conifers), and family Pinaceae. The genus Pseudotsuga is most closely related to Larix (larches), as indicated in particular by cone morphology and nuclear, mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA phylogenies (Silen 1978; Wang et al. 2000); both genera also have non-saccate pollen (Owens et al. 1981, 1994). Based on a molecular clock analysis, Larix and Pseudotsuga are estimated to have diverged more than 65 million years ago in the Late Cretaceous to Paleocene (Wang et al. 2000). The earliest known fossil of Pseudotsuga dates from 32 Mya in the Early Oligocene (Schorn and Thompson 1998). Pseudostuga is generally considered to comprise two species native to North America, the widespread Pseudostuga menziesii and the southwestern California endemic P. macrocarpa (Vasey) Mayr (bigcone Douglas-fir), and in eastern Asia comprises three or fewer endemic species in China (Fu et al. 1999) and another in Japan. The taxonomy within the genus is not yet settled, and more species have been described (Farjon 1990). All reported taxa except P. menziesii have a karyotype of 2n = 24, the usual diploid number of chromosomes in Pinaceae, whereas the P. menziesii karyotype is unique with 2n = 26. The two North American species are vegetatively rather similar, but differ markedly in the size of their seeds and seed cones, the latter 4-10 cm long for P. -
MEMOIRE DE FIN D'etudes Evaluation De L'activité Antagoniste
REPUBLIQUE ALGERIENNE DEMOCRATIQUE ET POPULAIRE MINISTERE DE L’ENSEIGNEMENT SUPERIEUR ET DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE UNIVERSITE BLIDA 1 FACULTE DES SCIENCES DE LA NATURE ET DE LA VIE DEPARTEMENT DES BIOTECHNOLOGIES MEMOIRE DE FIN D’ETUDES En vue de l’obtention du diplôme de Master 2 Option : Biologie des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes Présenté par : BOUKERCHAOUI Saliha Evaluation de l’activité antagoniste des filtrats de cultures d’un isolat de Trichoderma sp. Vis- à-vis de quelques champignons phytopathogénes Soutenu devant le jury : BENCHABANE M. Professeur U. Blida 1 Président AMMAD F. M.C.B. U. Blida 1 Promotrice BOUCHENAK F. M.C.B. U. Blida 1 Examinatrice YALA A. Doctorante U. Blida 1 Invitée ANNEE UNIVERSITAIRE 2016/2017 Remerciements Ce travail a été réalisé au niveau du laboratoire de mycologie du département des Biotechnologies de l’Université de Blida1. Et au laboratoire de mycologie à l’institut national de la protection des végétaux d’El Harrach (INPV). Je remercie, en premier lieu, ALLAH le tout puissant de m’avoir donné le courage, la force et la volonté pour bien mener ce travail. Au terme de ce travail, Je tiens à exprimer toute ma gratitude, ma reconnaissance et mes sincères remerciements à ma promotrice Mme Ammad F. d’avoir accepté de m’encadrer, diriger et donné la chance de travailler ce sujet, sa confiance, sa disponibilité et la générosité qu’elle a m’ont accordée pour faire avancer ce travail. Je remercie sincèrement Pr. BENCHABANE M de m’avoir honoré en acceptant de présider le jury de mon travail. Je remercie également à Mlle BOUCHENAK f. -
THE SILVICULTURE of TREES USED in BRITISH FORESTRY, 2ND EDITION This Page Intentionally Left Blank the Silviculture of Trees Used in British Forestry, 2Nd Edition
THE SILVICULTURE OF TREES USED IN BRITISH FORESTRY, 2ND EDITION This page intentionally left blank The Silviculture of Trees Used in British Forestry, 2nd Edition Peter Savill Former Reader in Silviculture University of Oxford With illustrations by Rosemary Wise CABI is a trading name of CAB International CABI CABI Nosworthy Way 38 Chauncey Street Wallingford Suite 1002 Oxfordshire OX10 8DE Boston, MA 02111 UK USA Tel: +44 (0)1491 832111 Tel: +1 800 552 3083 (toll free) Fax: +44 (0)1491 833508 Tel: +1 (0)617 395 4051 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.cabi.org © Peter Savill 2013. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronically, mechanically, by photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owners. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library, London, UK. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Savill, Peter S. The silviculture of trees used in British forestry / Peter Savill. -- 2nd ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-78064-026-6 (alk. paper) 1. Forests and forestry--Great Britain. 2. Trees--Great Britain. I. Title. SD391.S285 2013 634.90941--dc23 2012043421 ISBN-13: 978 1 78064 026 6 Commissioning editor: Vicki Bonham Editorial assistants: Emma McCann and Alexandra Lainsbury Production editor: Lauren Povey Typeset by SPi, Pondicherry, India. Printed and bound in the UK by the MPG Books Group. Contents Acknowledgements viii Introduction 1 ABIES