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Report on the Physics Department FAU Erlangen Report on the Physics Department FAU Erlangen October 2013 www.physik.fau.de Contents Contents .............................................................. 1 Introduction ......................................................... 3 Structure and Evolution of the Department ... 3 Research Topics ................................................... 5 Astroparticle Physics ....................................... 6 Condensed Matter Physics .............................. 9 Biophysics ...................................................... 14 Optics ............................................................. 18 Light-Matter Interface ................................... 21 Theoretical Physics ........................................ 24 Physics didactics ............................................ 28 Teaching ............................................................ 29 Outreach ............................................................ 34 Statistics and Overview ..................................... 36 Faculty ............................................................... 41 Junior Research Groups ................................... 130 1 2 Introduction Structure and Evolution of the De- partment This report is designed to present the current status (in 2013) of the Department of Physics at The Department of Physics (the Department) the Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen- currently consists of 16 chairs (four in theoretical Nürnberg (FAU), which is the second largest uni- and twelve in experimental physics) and several versity in the state of Bavaria. The report at- independent professorships. Each of these chairs tempts to give a brief but comprehensive over- is part of an Institute, namely the Institute for view of the Department's research topics, the Condensed Matter, the Physics Institute, the teaching, and the individual professors making Institute for Optics, Information and Photonics, up the Department's faculty. In addition the re- the Institute for Theoretical Physics, and the port highlights junior research groups, statistics, Astronomical Institute in Bamberg. However, this outreach efforts, as well as links of the Depart- report will present the various research topics ment within the university and within interna- according to subject area and not necessarily tional research collaborations. along the lines of Institutes. The Department experienced a significant shift in research topics during the last two decades, namely from nucle- ar and particle physics to astroparticle physics and physics of gravitation and a broader con- densed matter physics area (including soft mat- ter and biophysics) replacing the classical solid state physics. Together with optics a new inter- face of light/matter physics is now emerging. 3 4 Astroparticle Physics Condensed Matter Physics Research Topics This chapter aims to give a broad overview of the Biophysics various research topics at the department. We have chosen a subdivision of topics that ade- quately represents both the old established Optics structure of the department (with Institutes in Astroparticle Physics, Condensed Matter, Optics, and Theory) and the emerging regrouping of topics (with three broad areas: Astroparticle Light-Matter Interface Physics, Physics of Light and Matter, and Bio- physics). At times this necessarily leads to some overlap between the sections, since several Theoretical Physics groups feel at home in various topics. Physics Didactics 5 H.E.S.S. telescope telescope in Namibia in Namibia Astroparticle Physics Stegmann/NN), the two divisions of the Astro- nomical Institute (Heber, Wilms) and parts of chairs of the Institute of Theoretical Physics Astroparticle physics is a young and emerging (Thiemann/Sahlmann/Giesel, Mecke). The Cen- research field addressing questions and methods ter was awarded the status of an Emerging Field at the intersection of particle physics, astrophys- Centre of FAU in 2011. ECAP plays a leading role ics, and cosmology. Research in astroparticle in astroparticle physics in Germany and is a physics concentrates on studying the most ex- member of the Helmholtz Alliance for Astropar- treme conditions in the universe, such as the ticle Physics. It receives high acknowledgment physical processes in the vicinity of Black Holes and visibility in international research projects and Neutron Stars, the physics of acceleration of and currently has over 150 members. particles to the highest energies, and the physi- cal processes at and beyond the limits where our Experimental and observational astroparticle current understanding of gravity as described by physics and astrophysics are characterized by the Einstein's theory of gravitation ends. development and use of large international facil- ities, with partners at the European level and FAU has identified astroparticle physics as a top worldwide. The field is highly networked, with priority research field of the Faculty of Science typical collaboration sizes encompassing hun- and has given it a formal framework with the dreds of researchers from a large number of foundation of the Erlangen Centre for Astropar- institutions and countries. ECAP scientists are ticle Physics (ECAP) in 2007. ECAP bundles FAU's involved in leading positions in the current and activities in this area by incorporating the chairs next generation of water based neutrino tele- in experimental astroparticle physics at the Phys- scopes (ANTARES, KM3NeT). They also contrib- ics Institute (Anton, Katz/van Eldik, succession ute significantly to the current and next genera- 6 tion of ground-based telescopes in gamma-ray in Namibia. ECAP also develops advanced analy- astronomy (H.E.S.S., Cherenkov Telescope Ar- sis methods for faint structure detection in as- ray), as well as in the development phases for tronomical images based on Minkowski func- the next generation of high-energy astrophysics tionals. ECAP researchers routinely use large space based missions such as the German ground based facilities such as the European eROSITA experiment on the Russian Spectrum-X- Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope, Gamma satellite. the Keck telescopes on Hawaii, radio arrays such as the Australia Telescope National Facility or the ECAP's contributions to international facilities Jansky Very Large Array in New Mexico, as well drive its strong detector development activities. as space based facilities such as the Hubble The Center led the evaluation of acoustic particle Space Telescope, the XMM-Newton and Chandra detection for ultrahigh energy neutrinos. ECAP's satellites, the Japanese Suzaku instrument or detector group also develops detectors for parti- NASA's Fermi gamma-ray satellite. Observational cle physics such as the search for neutrino-less research with these facilities is directly related to double beta decay or for neutrino mass hierar- the experimental work at ECAP, and includes chy measurements and optical modules for the work, e.g., on acceleration processes in the Gal- future projects KM3NeT and PINGU. ECAP's de- axy (especially in supernova remnants), on the tector activities have also triggered applications precursors of supernova explosions, binary stars, in medical physics (see the section on biophys- and the interaction of stars with the central ics). ECAP is also involved in studies of the detec- black hole of our Galaxy, the measurement of tor performance for space based and ground relativistic effects near black holes, as well as based experiments. For example, the Center multiwavelength studies of the radiation from contributes significantly to the design study for supermassive black holes in Active Galactic Nu- the neutrino mass hierarchy experiment ORCA clei. All of these objects are also predicted to be and to the end-to-end simulations for the next neutrino emitters. This research is done in close generation of X-ray sensitive satellites per- collaboration with the chair for astrophysics at formed under the auspices of the European Würzburg University. Space Agency. A significant fraction of observational research at Uniquely in Germany, this experience with large- ECAP is related to cosmological questions such scale facility and detector development is sup- as the evolution of black holes in the Universe. plemented by experience in observational astro- ECAP's theory group performs research in the physics which covers the whole electromagnetic area of quantum gravity, which predicts condi- spectrum from the radio regime via the optical tions in the early universe (see the description in to the X-rays, gamma-rays, and into the TeV re- the theory section). A strategic appointment of a gime. ECAP is one of the large groups contrib- further theoretician at the professorial level with uting to the H.E.S.S telescope array experiment 7 a background in theoretical cosmology has been approved by the Bavarian State Ministry of Sci- ences, Research and the Arts, in order to further tighten the connection between the theory and experimental/observational work in the Center. 8 Artistic drawing of a graphene transistor on SiC Condensed Matter Physics al Molecular Structures on Complex Oxide Sur- faces (funCOS) (Speaker: J. Libuda (Physical Scientific Environment and Strategic Posi- chemistry), and the DFG Graduiertenkolleg 1896 tion In-Situ Microscopy with Electrons, X-rays and Scanning probes (Speaker: E. Spiecker, Vice Condensed matter physics is an essential part of speaker S. Maier). Also, the priority program one of the most important research areas “New 1459 “Graphene” was launched in
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