A Plea and Proposal for Equality of Opportunity for Males and Females in the Ann Arbor Public Schools
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DOCUMENT RESUME ED 092 416 SO 007 316 AUTHOR Federbush, Marcia TITLE Let Them Aspire! A Plea and Proposal for Equality of Opportunity for Males and Females in the Ann Arbor Public Schools. Fourth Edition. INSTITUTION Committee to Eliminate Sex Discrimination in the Public Schools, Ann Arbor, Mich.; KNOW, Inc., Pittsburgh, Pa. PUB DATE Vov 73 NOTE 92p.; Exhibits from copyrighted sources have been removed to conform with copyright laws AVAILABLE FROM KNOW, Inc., Box 86031, Pittsburgh, Penn. 15221 ($2.50 plus $0.30 postage and handling) EDRS PRICE MF -$0.75 HC -$4.20 PLUS POSTAGE DESCRIPTORS Coeducation; Discriminatory Attitudes (Social); Educationally Disadvantaged; *Nondiscriminatory Education; Public Schools; School Administration; *School Policy; Self Concept; *Sex Discrimination; *Social Action; Social Discrimination; Student Needs; Textbook Bias; Vocational Education; Womens Athletics; *Womens Education ABSTRACT The report compiled by the Committee to Eliminate Sex Discrimination in the Public Schools, Ann Arbor, Michigan, for their Board of Education, points out the areas of school life in which females are not given the chance or the encouragement to aspire to competence. Four areas of particular disadvantage are stereotyping in books, athletic programs, industrial arts and home economics programs, and administrative policy, which entails hiring female principals and designing buildings with facilities for both sexes. Discussion of these concerns is illustrated by exhibits from textbooks, memos, statements of policy, letters, and bibliographies of alternative literature emphasizing women. A list of 43 specific problems within those four areas, summarizing the content of the report and giving suggestions for solutions, is keyed to the discussion and exhibits for easy reference. This edition of the report includes sections on problems that have been ameliorated but which are maintained with the hope of aiding other school systems and action groups.(JH) . semotel . each icAthletics Al as1perioddi US DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, of 3. nters 17% B dthetire EDUCATION & WELFARE C11001- A.T.1 " last . NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF flamd ai Man 1stsemeste EDUCATION Ulf (w-nhol IIvocal. the THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRO "11 DUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM le I °I" an wnift THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGIN . PR ICE112. 50 ATING IT POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS Coach .12% t STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRE Football SENT OFFICIAL NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF oln ,.conrhie Head .11% 11 EDUCATION POSITION OROLICY AS am* tea: 9%B /id the adjustmem I Tels Coa In senior 20% I.Ke in tocret football .1.:lem,74--,1z1...enisarid Ille ijarsitY .16% B., .attot Home ..reqUi31111. elective or Eaommaim . A77 "il) VAead 3u°1 all V% la . 15% B., I end deo 4.Assistant Coach .. Pf P1M15510N I mow:fled,. -Co cCoojarial:chacc0.a.c.h 17% D to PI PRoDUCE tHis LoCy. ..cubcueu c,,, the 6 Cross Coach Hu dIID MALE RIAI 145 BEEN...RANTED fly Basketioketball ' .15%8 Pintnio4PrObiCrilf are 6.Head ila.s Ch u22 this h "di Assistant Oa 35% a.. 'Want chor on ,Yea COaCII vkeadAilrestlan9 .11% 8 TLIf eB.. Wrestling eclet.,614.3t. amalowiljinn; .11% B TO ERIC AND ORGANo: NON,OPERATING "lad latk Assistant UNDER AGREEMENTS MTH THE NATIONAL 9. IN Head -is% 1 STITUTE OF EDUCATION 10. Swivel . FURTRER REPRO. 15% u DUCTION OUTSIDETHE ERIC S /STE M RE of vadata animal Assistant Coach. QUIRESoFfivissiop of ons,and,,,cho 11 11% B THE COPYRIGHT Gymnastics ,MNER Coach 700%44 "I0T leak.-- 12. 9% B ing andami Hockey/ rad,Coac xivice.77 13. 1(Coach 9% B are 1'1"PM Head Trac thudredi""1.11-121"-Zit'em h d 1.4,3 2" my ""' the " "d 6 P014 . " 30%B F0,,d,ak) is of reItc7"tf. F"'d i 15'. Assistant Thua4s).659(50 wood le,,,:s6t:rs.',7,7 Baseballzaseoin ° . binn rOthi couinu) Head _ t . Leaf 16. stall food crInwed.trie delesned Coach . uh.itook pfine.Vreielly boys t 6 n" and-th7Parstin, or usual Golf, imh:u;iibthe,,,, 2181, sib Coach c 3.0% tNe m am.; n on m unIh. Inah."7:26. -18.Ienuis Athlet aprn Nint T. 9 14.0% ° Rahn. at ine Peremhar4de k7Th °u with husinc Zra ' and h fed h h C"Uills, ft AinGirls 5.0% CS yenor .11 .. 110% 5 GirIs Athletic C sem."' Dance .. Girls $wiMmingtub Modern Coach GirlsSwim 5.105 Cheerleaders . 1.2. .Club ssit, poaneers Approximate Iota) for Boysw-711. r,irlsAt 1137,044 LS iNrii"w10iNo Approxi mate TotalfSir"--ran' 80.0448ricAliVi th 3 221 dilOe AYIre"islon eps;t. turn h ikte 4naline,:ell°04 c;,.1, twt4,to eXteCV I.Plc 1.44n./ Dare etritoof bisteerr r_ *ma 3 4 aewo,44. 41 lama 41.f:1414:44 MAY len 84444 ftwe a",or %tugeek nito tiria. end, tara es4eSaed 2 'nv (So. rerm 7 Neif.tiee 0. b lto.otSvIvotiti tw Car % i a SOW bs..antra caftle 'LL be 0 Years'n..e Ilut panetIca hasdforIna0,0st1); .sta °woman T ITEM ASPIRE! O° force--merle ...es ,..:. ite irafiet...91 Vie, labor re a )".,:o. 0;11Vote c70/44nerrah;;144/ 4. ste4,444 in Wet,li Vou \vicesto,wee eats '`-ceiltProir s,'s, theestsg.,. thin esalkse thts4. itsiteailbeT,I.tvoTVAlbtfectall,..lics. rreb.clti. 53 1)e.5 abO2nieaffrfed 0...4.1thip"hlfe else?! YEE ..1.1,1 lite. * A PLEA AND .PILOPOSAL F aspsine ar CIAPINIneFirr ',Aft AMAMI AND MAI" -.bout t,,,,. _ .. aby e. ... .... ._-. au, 44,,n4,,i; .14,4,7z. .4,,,,i4:t. ,-;"11,4,. A '4° ''''qek eenviseteri Kr. ',_i essiee 01 2 ihIlor gIS het returkflaet iiji atire. darti. ep.. peuZit_e ic.c. _ .2. /for b(Boy)8.. 1'.T ' '' v 47.**4,4,1: 6,4 law...... ,.........-.. Nast:"Plastics °'11: seat r IN. Ma. bischani in asslin -ancinenoanZaleates7 ar in theANyerliloosi4R1Wileethodsnet", bench 154) sEach metl panr:j la its The ofnatiewaaTtAlng. - Se . such sty rain RT HEDITION Y learouthtro,7 trtun. ittycht4e.2 Approx S 30,9 r4 _no.P88, Approw. 4,7led"Is , h.q,,, 1.Wmot.. $ 3,04 IfiICr,CPatAle ve rn b er. 1 ci" ,o. nigeroltiste:OrtilAtot trp -'4° 0 V.,4 el tor tilia TEN I ken, IT Iv,find or 1,!114 oft 1161°25 omporatbrowsto ammitteeic. In. .men.._"nsa ...-neilli.:7"tett-- Op :11Co.a_20a. CONTENTS No. Title Page No. Title Page Preface 24)Extra-Curricular Activities with Introduction 1 Credit; Scholarships 28 1) Mathematics Books 3 25)Removing Junior High School Gym 2)Elementary Reading Books 4 Teachers 28 3)History Books 5 26)Junior High School Required Gym . 28 4)Other Books 6 27)Bathing Caps 28 5)Elementary School Practices 28)Culminating Day 29 (or Malpractices) . 7 29)Gentlemen First 29 6)Street Patrols 8 30)Football 30 7)Elementary Athletics and Physical 31)Male Coaches for Female (and Male) Education 8 Teams 30 8)Encouragement for Competence.. 9 32)Wednesday Use of Gyms 3-1 9)Removing Sexual Stereotypes. .. 11 33)Policy Regarding Athletics, .... .. 31 0)Emphasis on Family Cooperation 34)Family Living 32 in Future Curriculum Guides.. 12 35)Sex Education 34 11)Bachelor Cooking Versus Cooking 36)Undue Familiarity Rule 36 for the Family 12 37)Recognition of Si.igle Parent and 12)Sex Prerequisites 13 Non-Conforming Households 37 13)Clothing 13 38)Pregnant Students 37 14)Separate but Equal 14 39)Child-Care Centers (Preschool). 39 15)Protective Counseling 14 40)Women Administrators (and High 16)Unjustifiable Excuses for Omit- School Teachers) 39 ting Girls 15 41)Women's Studies, Etc. 40 17)Biased Teachers 15 42)In-Service Training . 41 18)Practical Nursing 16 43)Ombudswoman 41 19)Home Building 16 44)Discrimination against Primary 20)New Building Design 17 School Boys 42 Foreward to the Athletic Section. .18 45)Discrimination against Ethnic and 21)The Athletic Program 24 Racial Minority Female Students... 43 22)Coaches 25 46)Adult Education 44 23)Athletic Budget 27 47)Postscript 45 Exhibits I - XXVIII .E1 - E48 Summary. Si - S10 Conclusions and Recommendations for Immediate Action Final Page © Copyright, 1971, by Marcia Federbush.Copies of this report may be obtained for $2. 50 from KNOW, INC. ,Box 86031, Pittsburgh, Penn. 15221 An Action Proposal to Eliminate Sex Discrimination in the Ann Arbor Public Schools can also be obtained from this source (5U for first edition; 75d for second edition). January, 1973 Since we began our investigation of sex discrimination in the Ann Arbor Public Schools, several dramatic changes have taken place in our school system, many as a direct result of our findings: Our past Superintendent, W. Scott Westerman, publicly issued a statement that sex discrimination would end in the Ann Arbor schools, and that sex prerequi- sites for courses were to be eliminated.Our new Superintendent, R. Bruce McPherson, as his predecessor, has been committed to the task of ridding the school system of "institutional sexism." Ann Arbor now has nine elementary school principals and one middle school principal and two upper school vice principals who are women.There are still no high school female principals, and the number of women at higher administrative levels has not increased, despite the fact that numerous vacancies have occurred. Women students have been accepted into home building and industrial arts courses heretofore closed to them, and men students are happily taking sewing and other home economics classes. In April, 1972, the Board of Education passed An Action Proposal to Eliminate Sex Discrimination in the Ann Arbor Public Schools, which was based on Let Them Aspires and formulated by The Committee to Eliminate Sex Discrimination in the Public Schools and The Discrimination in Education Committee of The National Or- ganization for Women (Ann Arbor Chapter).This proposal essentially divided the task among a number of administrators each tackling simultaneously a specific area of concern.It was found, in assembling the proposal, that we could not arrange the problems in order of priority, as we had been requested to do, because when a number of people are being hurt in different ways it is impossible to arrange the hurts in hierarchical order.