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Australian Artists of Arabic Origin Identity and Hope

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Australian Artists of Arabic Origin Identity and Hope Australian Artists of Arabic Origin Identity and Hope Jamal Joumaa Student ID 98167829 A Thesis Submitted for the fulfilment of Doctor of Creative Arts - 2009 The University of Western Sydney College of Arts ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to acknowledge the following people and organizations, for their encouragement and support. First of all, I wish to thank my supervisors Ronaldo Morelos, Jane Goodall and Brendon Stewart for their continuous support, valuable guidance and excellent advice throughout the period of my study. I would also thank them for their stimulating discussions, constructive assistance and contributions in the review and writing of the thesis. I would also like to acknowledge Berta Wakim, Nicholas Hardwick, Stacey Steven, the support of Writing and Society Research Group at UWS, and from Blacktown Arts Centre, John Cheeseman, Sophia Kouyoumdjian and Rebecca Godsell. This paper and the accompanying visual project owes its existence to many friends, especially the participating artists in Australia and Lebanon, whose valued ideas, materials and statements assisted in the completion of this study. There also have been many friends and colleagues in the past three years, especially Louie Fares, who have also given me feedback on this project; and I would like to thank them all for their support. DECLARATION The work submitted in this paper to the best of my knowledge and belief, contains no material previously published or written by another person, except where due knowledge is made in the context. This thesis has not been submitted, either in whole or in part, for a degree at this or any other university. Jamal Joumaa. 11/08/09. Table of content - Acknowledgments - Declaration - List of illustrations Chapter 1 - Introduction..................................................................... 1 Chapter 2 - The Arabic community; its life, art and effects...……..……………… 20 Introduction. …………………………………………………………… 20 2.1 Australian influences…….……………….…………………………..... 20 2.2. The Beginning of Initiatives in the Arts….….…………..…………….. 22 2.3 The influences on Contemporary Arabic Painting…..……………….… 26 2.4 Lebanese Art as an example……………….………………………......... 29 2.5 Modern art and the authenticity in heritage………..……........................... 30 2.6 The influences of the national artistic trend………….………..................... 31 2.7 Rafik Charaf...…………………………………..…………………….… 34 2.8 Abdel - Hamid Baalbaki…………………………………………………. 43 2.9 Hasan Jouni..…………….………………………..…………..…..……. 51 Chapter 3 - Artists in Australia………………………………………………………. 60 Introduction. …………………………………………………………….... 60 3.1 - Artistic readings in the works of the artists….……………………. 61 3.1.1 Fatima Killeen….……………………………………………….……. 61 3.1.2 Samih Luka………..………………………………………….……... 71 3.1.3 Mazin Ahmad …….……………………...………....………..……… 79 3.1.4 Ali Abbas……………………………………………….……..……... 88 3.1.5 Jasam Hasan.……………………………….……………………....... 97 3.1.6 Alia Hasan………………………….…………………………..……. 105 3.1.7 Abbas Makrab………………………………………..……..….…….. 114 I 3.1.8 Khaled Sabsabi…………...………………………………….............. 124 3.1.9 Faisal al Saadi…………………………….………….…….…….….. 134 Chapter 4 - Symbols and concepts in the works of the artists…..………………..….. 142 Introduction………………………………………………………………….. 142 4.1- Concepts and customs....……………………………………………… 143 4.1.1 The number one and the letter Alef. ………………………….............. 143 4.1.2 Angels.…………………………………………………………...…… 144 4.1.3 The heart…………………………………………………….…..……. 145 4.1.4 The hand and the eye…………………………………...…….…...….. 145 4.1.5 Sabre ……………………………………………………….……........ 148 4.1.6 Talisman ………………………………………..………………………… 148 4.1.7 The candles ……………………………………………………….…........ 148 4.2- Environmental and animal elements…………………………...…. 149 4.2.1 The palm tree…………………………………………………………. 149 4.2.2 The olive tree…………………………………………………………. 150 4.2.3 The almond tree ………………………………………………...……. 150 4.2.4 The lion …………………………………………………….…........... 150 4.2.5 The horse ……………………………………………………....……. 151 4.2.6 Fish ………………………………………………………….…......... 152 4.2.7 Eagle ……………………………………………………….….…….. 153 4.2.8 The birds - the dove ……………………………………….………… 153 4.2.9 Camel ………………………………………………………....…….. 155 4.2.10 Gazelle.……………………………………………………….…….. 155 II 4.3 - Architecture and edifices………………………………….….…… 156 4.3.1 Edifices…………………………………………………….………. 156 4.3.2 The dome……………………………………………….................... 156 4.3.3 The door ……………………………………………........................ 156 4.4- Universal and natural phenomena……………………….…..….…. 157 4.4.1 The crescent……………………………………………….……...... 157 4.4.2 The moon………………………………………………….……...... 157 4.4.3 The sun…………………………………………………………….. 158 4.5- Mythological and historical personalities……………………….. 158 4.6- The main sources of inspiration………………………….……… 159 Introduction ……………………………………………….………. 159 4.6.1- Patterns and Calligraphy of Islamic and Ancient Civilizations…. 159 4.6.2- Patterns from Ancient Civilisations in the Works of Australian-Arabic Artists…………………………………………............................. 161 4.6.3- Islamic Patterns and Calligraphy in the Works of Australian-Arabic Artists…………………………….…..…… 162 4.6.4- Legend and Folklore……………………………………………… 164 Introduction…………………………………………………….…… 164 4.6.4.1 Influences in the works of Australian-Arabic Artists ………………….. 167 4.7- Aspects in the works of Australian-Arabic Artists………….…….. 178 4.7.1- Aspects of the place and human elements....................................... 178 4.7.1.1- Aspects of the place……………………………………..…...….. 178 4.7.1.1.2 Actual place………………………………………….……...….. 178 4.7.1.1.3 Imaginary place………………………………………………….. 180 4.7.1.1.4 Historical place………………………………….….………...… 181 4.7.1.1.5 Symbolic place. …………………………………..…….……….. 182 4.7.1.2- Human elements……………………………………………..…… 184 4.7.1.2.1 The conditions of life……………………………………..….…… 184 4.7.1.2.2 The social environment…………………………………..….……. 185 III 4.7.1.2.3 Popular stories...……………………………………….……… 185 4.7.1.2.4 History and civilization……………………………….………… 186 4.7.1.2.5 Literary texts…………………………...……………..……….. 186 4.7.3 - The social, human and political indications………………….… 187 4.7.3.1 The role of woman…………………………………………...…… 187 4.7.3.2 The café shop………………………………………………..…… 188 4.7.3.3 Moral and political issues……………………………….…..……. 189 Chapter 5 5. Artistic reading of the works of Jamal Joumaa……………….….….. 193 5.1 Life and Work…………………………………………………..….... 193 5.2 Conclusion……………………………………………………….…. 206 References Bibliography…………………………………………………..………… 208 English and Arabic Glossary……………………...…………..………… 241 IV Note The materials in the list of illustrations were taken from a range of sources, including journals and magazines, exhibition catalogues and sources that the participant artists have provided. I have given details of size, measurement and materials wherever possible, but some of these sources do not provide this information. List of Illustrations 1. Mouna Hatoum. Over My Dead Body. (1988-2005). Inkject on PVC with grommets. 204.5 x 306cm, the Sydney Morning Herald. 9/10/2005. p.29. 2. Amani Abdel-Masih. Composition of Crescents. (1987). Melbourne. Catalogue of Arabesque Exhibition. 3. Mohamed Hijazi. Composition. (1987). Melbourne. Catalogue of Arabesque Exhibition. 4. Abdel-Kader Yougon. Antara and Abla. (1987). Moursi, N. 1989, the Arab Migrants in Australia. Melbourne. Nada Publishing. p.175. 5. Abdel-Kader Yougon. An image from the gold mines of Victoria, (1988), oil on canvas, 120 x 95cm, RSL Club, Penrith. (Photograph provided by the artist). 6. Mohamed Shaba'a. Abstract Form, (ca.1982). Balata, K. Contemporary Arabic Painting: the Research and the Suffering. Funoon Arabiah Magazine- V2.1982. London. Middle East Graphics and Publishing Ltd. Achilles House. Dar Wasit. p. 36. 7. Fateh al Moudarres. Three People. (ca.1982). Syria. Balata, K. Contemporary Arabic painting: the Research and the Suffering. Funoon Arabiah magazine-V2.1982. London. Middle East Graphics and Publishing Ltd. Achilles House. Dar Wasit. p.36. 8. Mustafa Farouk. Mountain's Bread, (1945), watercolour. 25 x 35cm. Lebanon. Retrieved on 07/09/ 2007, from: http://onefineart.com/en/artists/farroukh/index.shtml 9. Saliba al Douaihy. Landscape. (N.D). Lebanon. Retrieved on 07/09/ 2007, from: http://onefineart.com/en/artists/salibadwhy/index.shtml 10. Amin El-Basha. Composition in Blue, (N.D), oil on canvas, 76 x 76 cm. Lebanon. Retrieved on 07/09 /2007, from: http://www.onefineart.com/en/artists/amine_el_bacha/index.shtml 11. Rafik Charaf. The Bird of the Green Space, (1982), oil on canvas. 75 x 64cm. Lebanon. Baydoun, A. Rafik Charaf's Exhibition. Funoon Arabiah, N1.V2. London. Pan Middle East Graphics and Publishing Ltd. Achilles House. Dar Wasit. 12. Rafik Charaf. A Cavalry Man. (N.D), oil on canvas. 75 x 64cm. Lebanon. Bahnassi, A. 2003, the Contemporary Arabic Plastic Art. Damascus. The First for Publishing and Distributing. 13. Rafik Charaf. Antara and Abla. (N.D). Bahnassi, A. 2003. The Contemporary Arabic Plastic Art. Damascus. The First for Publishing and Distributing. p. 351. - V - 14. Rafik Charaf. Dialogue. (N.D), mixed media. 100 x 100cm. Lebanon. Baydoun, A, Rafik Charaf's Exhibition, 1982. Funoon Arabiah, N1.V2. London. Pan Middle East Graphics and Publishing Ltd. Achilles House. Dar Wasit. 15. Abdel-Hamid Baalbaki, Another Spring, (1998), oil on canvas. 100 x 70cm, private collection. Beirut. (Photograph provided by the artist). 16. Abdel-Hamid Baalbaki. The Café Shop, (ca 1990), oil on canvas. 110 x 90cm. (Photograph provided by the artist). 17. Abdel-Hamid Baalbaki. Ashura's Mural Painting, (1967), oil on canvas. 270 x 360 cm.
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