Humanitarian and Developmental Role of UAE in Yemen Drone

A Specialised Journal on Military & Strategic Affairs - 47 th Year - Issue No. 571 AUGUST 2019

Humanitarian and Developmental Role of UAE in Yemen

Airbus, Lockheed Martin Saab Adds GlobalEye to Reaffirm Partnership Gripen Proposal

2019 From Tornados to FCAS

by 2026 August

571

Issue No.

Drone Defence: From the Frontlines to the Flight Line CONNECTING THE AEROSPACE INDUSTRY

17-21 NOVEMBER 2019 DWC, DUBAI AIRSHOW SITE

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This status has been represented in two important manifestations. The first is the nature of the visit. It is a “state visit”, which is reserved for presidents only. It is the highest form of diplomatic contact between countries and is characterised by a series of diplomatic protocols. As the invitation for the visit was addressed Mohamed bin to His Highness by China, this reflects the great international standing enjoyed by him, as one of the most important leaders not only in the region but also in the world. Besides, regional and Zayed... a Protecting international leaders are eager to establish close ties with him. The second manifestation is the great welcome His Highness Bulwark for Arabs Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed received from the Chinese, who called him “the Protecting Bulwark for Arabs” (Sur Al-Arab) in recognition of his great role, not only in the development of bilateral relations By: between the two countries, but also in his ability to maintain Arab Staff Lieutenant Colonel / national security in the face of various challenges and risks. Yousef Juma Al Haddad When the Chinese describe HH Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed as Editor in Chief the protecting bulwark and fence for the Arabs in recognition [email protected] of his high status, and when this designation receives an unprecedented interaction and follow-up from officials, activists, politicians and media people on social media websites inside The recent historic visit of His Highness Sheikh and outside the UAE, this is a referendum on the genius of His Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Crown Prince of Highness. He is as an inspiring model of a statesman who is the Abu Dhabi and Deputy Supreme Commander of guarantor of security and stability, not only for Emiratis, but also the UAE Armed Forces, to the People’s Republic for the population of the Gulf and Arabs in general. He has been of China reflects his exceptional status. He has an able to address conspiracies that target Arab interests, and stop active and influential role in advancing the UAE- external interventions that threaten security and stability in the China relations and consolidating the strategic Arab countries. partnership between the two countries at all A bulwark means “a barrier that surrounds a place and prevents levels. others from encroaching upon it”. His Highness Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed is the “great protecting wall and fence for the Arabs” and “the fortified bulwark”, whose role in defence of the Arab population and their security and interests will be recorded by history in letters of light. His efforts to strengthen the Arab solidarity and unify Arab positions have had a positive and effective impact in aborting conspiracies and restoring security and stability to the Arab region. His Highness Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan is indeed “Sur Al Arab”, the protecting bulwark for the Arabs. He followed in the footsteps of his father the late Sheikh Zayed, may God rest his soul, in promoting Arab solidarity against the various challenges and risks. Besides, the great prestige of His Highness is a result of his balanced positions on regional and international issues, his insightful approach to the various crises and the containment of their grave consequences for international peace and security. Issued By UAE Armed Forces. Established In August 1971.

A Specialised Journal on Military & Strategic Affairs - 47 th Year - Issue No. 571 AUGUST 2019

Humanitarian and Developmental Role of UAE in Yemen

Airbus, Lockheed Martin Saab Adds GlobalEye to Reaffirm Partnership Gripen Proposal

From Tornados to FCAS by 2026

Drone Defence: From the Frontlines to the Flight Line Paris Air Show Sees 571 Orders Worth Over General Supervisor Chairman of the Administrative US$140 Billion Council Staff General\ Salem Saeed Ghafan Al Jaberi 06 Vice Chairman of the Administrative Council Brigadier General\ Dr. Abdulla Rashid Al Neyadi Editor in Chief 20 Staff Lieutenant-Colonel \ Yousef Juma AL Haddad Editorial Manger BAE Systems Major \ Jamil Khamis Al Saadi Editorial Secretary Begins LRP for Husain Al Mannaee Layout & Design AMPV Variants Moza Al Ali Ahmed Mahmmoud Advertisement Ismael Mohammed Alblooshi Nada Al Badr Sakha Pramod ADVERTISEMENT 63 SOFEX The views expressed in Nation DUBAI AIRSHOW Shield Journal are not necessar- IFC 81 UMEX ily shared by, nor should they 37 ADIHEX be taken as the views of Nation 43 DSEI Shield Journal. 47 BIDEC The publication of advertise- ments does not in any way im- ply endorsement by the Nation Shield Journal. All rights reserved. 28 JLTV Test Fires Javelin

66 Humanitarian and Developmental Role of UAE in Thales Yemen Explores Big Data, AI 38 Application Elettronica to Provide Cutting-Edge Solutions 64 82 Leonardo Unveils Largest-Ever Drone 6 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 Events Paris Air Show Sees Orders Worth Over US$140 Billion The 53rd edition of the Paris Air event. Around 316,500 professionals AED, GCC, G5 Sahel, NATO, UN, EU and Show, held from 17 to 23 June 2019, and public visitors, as well as 2,700 ac- OCCAR, as well as 16 foreign ministers, announced some major partnerships credited journalists from 87 countries, 48 chiefs of staff and 18 vice ministers in the military aerospace sector and discovered numerous areas, including or secretaries of State. saw over US$140 billion worth of or- the Careers Plane-Jobs and Training GA-ASI and L3 Technologies Devel- ders placed during the event. One Forum, the Paris Air Lab and aerobatic op New SIGINT Solution of the world’s largest aerospace displays at the event. Key figures in General Atomics Aeronautical Sys- events, the show was inaugurated the French government visited the tems, Inc. and L3 Technologies, Inc. by French President, Emmanuel Ma- show with Prime Minister Edouard announced the development and cron and hosted a record number of Philippe attending on 21st June, when successful flight test of a full-band Sig- 2,453 exhibitors. it opened to the general public. The nals Intelligence (SIGINT) ISR capabil- In addition to top exhibiting countries Paris Air Show also consolidated its in- ity for use on a Predator B. The game like the U.S., Germany, Italy, United ternational dimension with over with changing capability provides signifi- Kingdom, and Belgium, there were 171 Official Defence Delegations from cant mission expansion for MQ-9 op- 266atoapaosad,68te national pavilions and 1,268 inter- 88 countries. The show welcomed del- erations against modern threats. The nationalnationall ccompaniesompanies gatheredgathhered at tthehhe egations from organisations, including programme is jointly funded by both 7

companies and integrated the SIGINT solution from L3 with a wing-mounted GA-ASI pod and flight-tested on the GA-ASI Medium-Altitude Long- Endurance (MALE) MQ-9 Predator B RPAS. Developed in eight months the system was successfully flight tested in May 2019. According to Jeff Miller, L3’s Senior or drones, into the national airspace Vice President and President of its ISR system. The two companies will work Systems business segment, the suc- towards demonstrating benefits of cessful collaboration provides a new AirMap’s unmanned aircraft traffic ers to customise the services accord- dimension for ISR employment of management platform in increasing ing to the needs of their fleets and MQ-9 aircraft. Linden Blue, CEO of GA- air traffic controllers' awareness and aircraft mix. The new services include ASI said, “This capability for the MQ-9 potential conflict between drones and three dedicated services for military Generating Electronic Order of Battle manned aircraft near airports to en- aircraft, two for military helicopters, (EOB) is of strategic importance to sure the overall safety of the airspace. and two additional ones shared by the U.S. and its allies, and integrating The collaboration will also unlock the both military aircraft and helicopters. L3’s world-class SIGINT system further positive economic and social benefits According to Airbus, the latest services enhances the MQ-9’s utility in the ISR of expanded commercial drone opera- under Smart Force are developed in arena.” tions. "AirMap is ushering in a new era response to the growing requirements Raytheon and AirMap Collabora- in drone aviation," said Matt Gilligan, vice of militaries to analyse big data for tion for Safer Drones president of Raytheon's Intelligence, In- their operations. The new services that Raytheon Company and AirMap have formation and Services business. range from long-term maintenance entered a strategic agreement to col- Airbus Launches Seven New Smart- scheduling to predictive maintenance laborate on future projects to safely Force Services for Military as well as automation of administra- integrate unmanned aerial system, Airbus launched seven new products tive tasks associated with aircraft sup- for military customers under its digital port, have attracted customer and in- support services offering SmartForce dustry support. at the Paris Air Show. This expands the Boeing to Invest in Sustainable Bra- SmartForce offering to allow custom- zilian Fuel Boeing made a number of announce- ments during the Paris Air Show including a contract with Korean Air and Air Lease Corporation, which ordered 30 new 787 Dreamliner aeroplanes to its fleet with a commitment to purchase 10 new 787-10s and 10 additional 787-9 aeroplanes valued at US$6.3 billion at current list prices. With this order, Korea's flag carrier will quadruple its 787 fleet to 40 airplanes as it looks to strengthen its long-haul fleet. Embraer Praetor 600 Boeing will also invest US$1 million into Brazil’s efforts to establish a sustainable aviation fuel industry. The investment will focus on initiatives that 8 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 Events

Alpha Jet and E195-E2, Photo credit- Paris Air Lab Adrien Daste-Safran maximise social, economic and envi- tic missile attacks. ronmental benefits to local communi- The C2BMC The C2BMC allows warfighters to sys- ties engaged in the development of tematically plan ballistic missile de- feedstock that can be used to produce allows fence, see the battlefield better and sustainable aviation fuel (SAF). dynamically manage designated net- Thales and Gemalto Join Hands warfighters to worked sensors and weapons. Accord- Thales and Gemalto will work together ing to Steve Froelich, director of Mis- to develop systems for remote identi- plan ballistic sile Defence Solutions at Lockheed fication and tracking of Unmanned Air Martin, "It is through C2BMC, and its Systems (UAS), especially for regula- missile defence connection to the many elements of tory authorities and law enforcement the Ballistic Missile Defence System, globally. Thales has already developed that we provide our forces with an an aerospace management system available in the Thales UTM platform. advanced, truly integrated missile de- that works on the Air Traffic Control of Lockheed Martin Demonstrates En- fence capability." objects in low airspace that have flight hanced C2BMC Raytheon and Northrop Grumman authorisation in controlled airspace. Lockheed Martin highlighted ongo- to Develop Scramjet Combustors The cloud-based platform is based on ing modernisation to its command, Building upon years of collaboration, live data sharing and has been con- control, battle management and Raytheon Company and Northrop necting aviation actors and optimising communications (C2BMC) system. Grumman Corporation have signed operations for three years, and now Part of this C2BMC modernisation is a teaming agreement to develop, integrates Unmanned Aerial Vehicle an engage-on-remote capability that produce and integrate Northrop Traffic Management (UTM). The inte- enables the Aegis Weapon System to Grumman’s scramjet combustors to gration of Gemalto’s cyber-secured engage threats based on information power Raytheon’s air-breathing hy- identity tracking technology into this provided entirely from C2BMC remote personic weapons. Scramjet engines UTM platform offers Civil Aviation sensor and track data. Fielded in the use high vehicle speed to forcibly Authorities a “certified drone identity fiscal year 2019 to the U.S. European compress incoming air before com- card” making verification of drone’s and U.S. Central Commands, C2BMC's bustion to enable sustained flight at registration number automated and engage on remote capability sup- hypersonic speeds. Both companies simple. The Gemalto UTM tracker ports the European Phased Adaptive will combine capabilities to acceler- builds on existing airspace and regu- Approach Phase III milestone, which is ate development and demonstrate latory compliance capabilities already designed to protect forces from ballis- readiness to produce the next gen- 9

Static Ambiance; Photo-Adrien Daste, Safran eration of tactical missile systems. Warfare (EW), cyber EW, intelligence Northrop Grumman and Raytheon Raytheon and the brand-new generation of RWR are working under a US$200 million at the Air Show. Elettronica Group Hypersonic Air-breathing Weapon and Northrop has recently won the order to supply Concept (HAWC) programme contract NATO JEWCS (Joint Electronic Warfare to deliver an affordable, effective and Grumman will Core Staff) for four years, together producible cruise missile for DARPA with Leonardo for the supply of train- and the U.S. Air Force. Under the continue to ing systems for electronic defence agreement, Raytheon and Northrop (“Land Training System” and “Maritime Grumman will continue to collaborate collaborate on Training System”). on HAWC and future air-breathing hy- HAWC The company showcased SISPROS, personic missiles. Both companies are a new system family of interception, investing in hypersonic technologies analysis and intelligence developed and programmes to ensure the mili- for airborne applications. SISPROS ben- tary has a robust portfolio. ements and reinforce the generation, efits from the most modern enabling Eurofighter, EUROJET and NETMA transmission and utilisation of ever- technologies including Direct Sam- Sign LTE Contracts increasing amounts of digital data pling and Artificial Intelligence, which Eurofighter Jagdflugzeug GmbH, EU- both on-board and off-board whilst makes the systems fully digital, highly ROJET Turbo GmbH and NATO Euro- remaining resilient to new and emerg- resistant to interference, adaptive to fighter & Tornado Management Agen- ing threats, including cyber. the electromagnetic environment and cy (NETMA) have signed contracts to- The Eurofighter Typhoon already has reconfigurable via SW to new environ- gether worth €53.7 million to support one of the world’s most advanced ments or different platforms. the long-term development of the Electronic Warfare systems, and the The SISPROS systems are also multi- Eurofighter Typhoon combat aircraft study will maintain its ability to oper- functional and multi-platform since at Paris Air Show. ate in the highly contested and con- they can derive the Alarm (RWR) The study contracts will look at the gested future environment. or Surveillance (ESM, ELINT) func- Long Term Evolution (LTE) of the air- Elettronica Highlights 360-degree tion only, as a spin-off of the main craft and the EJ200 engine. According Innovative Solutions product, by reconfiguration SW. The to firms involved, the LTE study will Elettronica Group, one of the global systems are also equipped with by- span a total of 19 months for the air- leaders in EW systems, presented a design interconnectivity features, craft and 9 months for the engine el- wide range of solutions for Electronic supporting the ability to operate in 10 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 Events

Paris International Air Show 2021 The 54th Paris Air Show will take place in June 2021, and once again will bring together the global aviation industry. The event is expected to showcase future-proof technologies and innovations with the latest aircraft at display for visitors. The show’s specialised categories such as Careers Plane-Jobs and Training Forum, the Paris Air Lab and aerobatic displays will be high points, giving exhibitors the opportunity to showcase their technological expertise and allowing visitors to discover the latest innovations.

AH64 Apache network-centric configuration, con- portion of the deal.” doubles the radar's power efficiency tributing to the integrated and global This engine has experienced the fast- compared with previous Erieye itera- vision of the scenario. est order ramp up in commercial tions. CFM Bags Orders Worth US$50.2 aviation history and CFM has received Announcing the same at the Paris Air Billion orders and commitments for a total Show, Saab’s senior vice-president CFM International announced orders of more than 17,600 LEAP engines, in- and head of the company's Surveil- and commitments for more than 1,150 cluding spares, across all three models lance business line, Anders Carp said LEAP engines and long-term services through May 2019. that GlobalEye is a comprehensive agreements for a total value of ap- Saab offers GlobalEye to Finland solution for air power and air defence, proximately US$50.2 billion at the list Saab has revealed that it is including responding to the requirements of price. The LEAP engine is a product of two GlobalEye airborne early warn- the H-X programme and will provide CFM International, a 50/50 joint coming and control (AEW&C) aircraft into a substantial contribution to the joint pany between GE and Safran Aircraft its bid for Finland's Boeing F/A-18C/D operational capability of the Finnish Engines. Gaël Méheust, president and Hornet replacement programme, Defence Forces. Saab is currently CEO of CFM International expressed known as H-X. The GlobalEye is built contracted to deliver three GlobalEye his gratitude and said, "We have had around the Saab Erieye Extended aircraft for the Air Force of a Middle follow-on orders from long-time cus- Range (ER) radar that is housed in the East country by the end of 2021, with tomers while welcoming new LEAP same external dorsal 'plank' as the the first aircraft flying in March 2018. operators, including IndiGo for the company's original Erieye system. French Joint Forces’ Guepard with LEAP-1A and the recently announced Equipped as it is with gallium nitride FN Herstal Machine Gun letter of intent from IAG for 200 Boe- (GaN) and other technologies, the The French Ministry of Defence ing 737 MAX aeroplanes for which we Erieye ER is an active electronically booth at Paris Air Show presented, look forward to finalising the LEAP-1B scanned array (AESA) system that for the first time, a full-size mock-up 11

Presidential visit of the new Joint Forces Light Helicop- armed forces to improve helicopter Positioning, Navigation and Timing ter Guepard time to the public. The operational readiness. The Guepard (PNT) solutions, introduced the Kan- Guepard AH-160M was fitted with helicopter is based on the H160 de- nad Ultima-S Emergency Locator a machine gun pod designed and signed and manufactured by the Transmitter (ELT) for commercial air- manufactured by the Belgian fire- French Company Airbus Helicopter craft. A world-first in aviation safety arms manufacturer FN Herstal armed and features the Blue Edge five-blad- technology, Kannad Ultima-S is de- with one .50 12.7mm calibre FN M3P ed main rotor, which incorporates a signed to be installed in the cabin of machine gun. The FN Herstal is fitted double-swept shape that reduces commercial aircraft or in its life raft, with standard lugs, the pods can be the noise generation of blade-vortex and is capable of notifying the crew carried by helicopters and subsonic interactions (BVI). about the launch of a Search and aircraft equipped with 14’’ NATO The French armed forces should or- Rescue operation via Galileo Return standard suspension masts. Depend- der 169 Guepard helicopters also Link Service’s(RLS). ing on the configuration, they come called H160M with 80 helicopters for Developed under a two-year con- with 250 rounds (FN HMP250) or 400 the Army, who will receive the first tract through the European GNSS rounds (FN HMP400) ammunition units, 49 for the Navy and 40 for the Agency’s Tauceti Project, Kannad boxes and with or without 70mm Air Force. With its multi-role capabil- Ultima-S meets new and evolving (2.75’’) rocket launcher tubes (FN ity, it will carry out surveillance and EASA/FAA requirements related to RMP), reconfigurable thanks to exist- intervention missions lying beside ELTs and non-rechargeable lithium ing conversion kits. next-generation helicopters like the batteries documented under the The Guepard is designed to replace TIGER, the Caracal and the Caiman. RTCA DO-227A standard. five different helicopter fleets cur- Orolia Launches Next-Generation Text/Photo credits: rently in service with the Land, Na- Emergency Beacon SIAE Salon du Bourget, val and Air Forces of the French Orolia, a world leader in Resilient Safran 12 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 Nation UAE Signs MoUs for Cooperation

His Highness Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi and Deputy Supreme Commander of the UAE Armed Forces, witnessed the exchange of agreements and memorandums of understanding (MoUs) between a number of private sector firms and businesses between the UAE and the People’s Republic of China, as well as the Republic of Indonesia.

Agreements and MOUs between A MoU between Global Aerospace ness Sheikh Abdullah bin Zayed Al UAE and China Logistics (GAL) and China Aerospace Nahyan and Wang Ji Gang, Chinese An agreement in the field of defence Science and Technology Corpora- Minister of Science and Technology, and military cooperation between tion (CASC) was exchanged between on Scientific and Technological Co- the two countries was signed by His Sheikh Mohammed bin Hamad bin operation in Artificial Intelligence Highness Sheikh Abdullah bin Za- Tahnoon Al Nahyan, Chairman of between the Office of Artificial Intel- yed Al Nahyan, Minister of Foreign Abu Dhabi Airports Company and ligence in the UAE Prime Minister’s Affairs and International Coopera- Zhang Liu, CEO of the Chinese Com- Office and the Chinese Ministry of tion, and Wei Fenghe, State Advisor pany. Science and Technology. and Minister of Defense of China. A MoU was also signed by His High- Moreover, a Cooperation Agree- 13 With China and Indonesia

ment between International Golden Lin, Chief Executive Officer of the exchanged between HE Dr. Sultan Group and China North Industries Corporation. bin Ahmed Al Jaber, Minister of Corporation was exchanged be- Agreements and MoUs between State and the Indonesian Defense tween Fadel Saif Al Kaabi, Group UAE and Indonesia Minister Ryamizard Ryacudu. Chief Executive Officer and Ji Yeo A MoU on defence cooperation was 14 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 Nation

UAE Commits to Promoting Women, Peace and Security Agenda

During the recent meeting of the Ministry of Defence, and the General women at all levels of peace and se- Women, Peace and Security (WPS) Women’s Union. curity processes. " Chiefs of Defense Network in New The presence of the UAE delegation, The first cohort to undertake this York, the UAE reaffirmed its commit- headed by Major General Pilot Sheikh training – 134 women from seven ment to advancing the WPS agenda Ahmed bin Tahnoun Al Nahyan, Chair- Arab countries – who completed and announced the second round man of the National Service and Re- their training in May 2019, earned of the UAE-UN Women Military and serve Authority, also marked the UAE’s certificates in basic military training, Peacekeeping Training Programme maiden participation in the Network’s peacekeeping, first aid, and jiu jitsu. for Women, which is set to launch in meeting. January 2020. Sheikh Ahmed The programme is held under the pa- bin Tahnoun tronage of H.H. Sheikha Fatima bint stated: "As a Mubarak, Chairwoman of the General strong propo- Women's Union (GWU), President of nent of the WPS the Supreme Council for Mother- agenda, the UAE hood and Childhood, and Supreme is committed Chairwoman of the Family Develop- to supporting ment Foundation (FDF), and run in the increased partnership with UN Women, the UAE participation of UAE Restores Schools in Yemen

Around 10,000 students in Yemen ration with the UNICEF, to support laptops in Jais District. have benefitted from the financial school staff in Yemen with the overall These initiatives and projects support of the UAE that restored 13 aim to help keep children studying in "highlight the UAE’s humanitar- schools in five governorates in the first schools and learning. ian message in Yemen, and its role half of 2019, according to the Emirates The UAE also repaired Msoat Library in ensuring the sustainability of Red Crescent's (ERC) mid-year report. in Aden, and the construction at the the learning process and protect- Three schools were restored in Hodei- Zayed Complex in Socotra is progress- ing students from the impact of dah, three in Taiz, two in Shabwa, two ing as part of its plan, the report said, the Houthi militia coup, which de- in Lahj and three in Abyan. The res- adding that the UAE had also distrib- prived thousands of Yemeni chil- toration entailed repairing damages, uted school bags to 4,500 students in dren of their education," the ERC equipping and furnishing classes and Hadramaut and Abyan, as well as 50 report concluded. providing solar-powered generators, enabling 9,900 students to continue their primary and secondary education. In May, the UAE and Saudi Arabia committed US$70 million to reach to 130,000 educators who were not paid their salaries for two years. The project was implemented in collabo- 15

UAE Assists 133,000 Rohingya Refugees

The UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR) partners to signifi- in Bangladesh has assisted nearly cantly scale up its nu- 133,000 Rohingya refugees through trition programmes; an integrated nutrition project thanks from three centres to financial support from the UAE. prior to the August The project, which was managed and 2017 influx to 31 implemented by UNHCR and partners centres by the end of in Bangladesh, aimed to address mal- 2018. nutrition among Rohingya refugees This includes efforts living in camps and new settlements to establish, equip, located in the areas of Ukhia and and activate 22 health facilities in- refugees are living in really desperate Teknaf in Cox’s Bazar District, south of cluding Outpatient Therapeutic Feed- conditions," said Khaled Khalifa, UN- Bangladesh. Amongst those assisted ing Programmes, OTPs, and Blanket HCR Regional Representative to the through the project, were 78,000 Supplementary Feeding Programmes GCC. "In this instance, the support adult women and children. for children under five years old and provided by the UAE contributed to The contribution from the UAE, worth pregnant and lactating women. the betterment of the overall nutri- AED7.35 million (US$2 million), to "The UAE is a valued supporter of tion situation among the Rohingya support "Emergency nutrition for Ro- UNHCR in a number of humanitar- refugees living in the Cox’s Bazar hingya women and children refugees ian crises around the world includ- refugee camps and settlements," he in Bangladesh," allowed UNHCR and ing in Bangladesh, where Rohingya added. World Future Energy Summit Returns to Abu Dhabi

The World Future Energy Summit global and Middle East market for is all set to take place in Abu Dhabi in renewables continues to experience January 2020. The event will gather strong growth. top-level government and business Held annually, the World Future En- leaders, reinforcing its place as one of ergy Summit will include exhibition the leading global events for future and forum programmes across five energy, cleantech and sustainability. main pillars – energy, solar, water, Hosted by Masdar and part of Abu waste and smart cities. Dhabi Sustainability Week, the World Data from the International Renew- 2,351 GW. Future Energy Summit will take place able Energy Agency, IRENA, shows In the Middle East, with its high levels at the Abu Dhabi National Exhibition that renewables now account for 63 of solar potential, supply grew by 7.1 Centre (ADNEC), between 13 to 16 per cent of new capacity added to the per cent or an extra 1.3 GW, to reach January. global supply of electricity. Installed a total of around 20 GW installed Around US$10.5 billion worth of renewable energy capacity grew by capacity, while the GCC states are new business was announced dur- 7.9 per cent worldwide in 2018 – add- planning an additional 7 GW of new ing the 2019 edition, and that figure ing around 171 gigawatts (GW) of power generation from renewable is expected be higher in 2020 as the additional supply to reach a total of sources by the early 2020s. 16 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 News

Patria to Maintain Helicopters for Norway

Patria recently signed an agree- maintaining the new Norwe- ment with Leonardo Helicopters for gian AW101 rescue helicopters. the maintenance, repair and overhaul The new AW169 aircraft will of the Norwegian Police’s new AW169 enable the Norwegian Police helicopters. The work will take place to enhance its capabilities in Gardermoen, Oslo Airport, Norway, and readiness to counter vari- and the agreement covers 10 years. ous threats such as terrorism Patria and the Norwegian Defence Lo- and other crimes, delivering gistics Organisation (NDLO) signed an greater range than the cur- agreement in 2017 on the support of rent helicopters in service and the Norwegian Defence Forces NH90 rapid response over shorter helicopters’ maintenance in Bardufoss. ranges from other bases, when The agreement was for two years and necessary. included an option for extensions. The AW169s will perform a NDLO has released the first option of range of tasks including ob- one year from April 2019 onwards. servation, surveillance, spe- Patria has also been contracted to cial operations team trans- maintain Norwegian Bell 412 helicop- port and airborne sniping, and ensure layout of the Norwegian Police’s heli- ters since 2001 and AIM Norway (co- versatility with quick and easy recon- copters will allow the transport of six owned by Kongsberg and Patria) is figuration between roles. The specific people plus crew.

GA-ASI’s I2C Improves User Experience

The new Integrated Intelligence GA-ASI’s modular and open software bilities, making the ideal set of Intel- Center (I2C) from General Atomics architecture designs promote horizon- ligence, Surveillance and Reconnais- Aeronautical Systems, Inc. (GA-ASI) is tal integration of third-party software sance (ISR) tools for streamlined and an innovative way to improve the user and rapid integration of new capa- improved collaboration. experience for operators of Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA) using automation and user experience-based design (UX). “I2C will rapidly transform data into actionable intelligence,” said David R. Alexander, president, GA-ASI. “We see benefits to the warfighter on many fronts, including the reduction of operational cost – whether it’s Ground Ops, Air Ops, or Intel Ops. By combining XC2, Automatic Takeoff and Landing, MMC and our single-seat Certifiable Ground Control Station, we will reduce manning by 50 per cent.” 17

Harris Awarded US$51 M to Deliver Communications Equipment

Harris Corporation was recently integrated cross-bandingg bbetweenetween AN/PRC-152A multiband hand- awarded a US$51 million Foreign waveforms, providing neww advancedadvanced held: A wideband networking hand- Military Sales delivery order to pro- capabilities while maintainingining bback-ack- held radio that provides simultane- vide Falcon III radios to a Central Eu- ward interoperability wwithith llegacyegacy ous voice, video and data in a small ropean nation – delivering advanced radios. form-factor, with mobile ad-hoc net- narrowband and wideband network- AN/PRC-160 widebandd HFHF/VHF/VHF working capabilities. Harris has deliv- ing capabilities and offering greater manpack radio: The onlyonly ststand-and- ered more than 45,000 AN/PRC-152A interoperability with U.S. and NATO alone solution that, in the abseabsencence ooff radios worldwide. allies for coalition operations. satellite communications,s, pprovidesrovides AN/PRC-117G manpack: A combat Under the award, Harris will provide long-range communicationsons at ddataata proven, software-defined radio that Falcon III AN/PRC-158, AN/PRC-160, speeds up to 10 times greaterreater ththanan is easily upgradeable with new wave- AN/PRC-152A and AN/PRC-117G reportedly any existing high ffre-re- forms, such as MUOS; also, it is NINE manpack and handheld radios as part quency radio. Suite B encrypted, allowing users to of the country’s modernisation pro- securely and easily interoperate with gramme. Key radio features include: U.S., NATO and regional partners. AN/PRC-158 multi-channel man- More than 50,000 AN/PRC-117G radi- pack: Features a two-channel, os have been delivered to customers software-defined architecture with around the world.

Kratos’ Valkyrie Continues to Fly High

Kratos Defense & Security Solutions, applications. production, and test teams who con- Inc., a leading National Security Solu- The joint effort falls within thehe AAirir FForceorce tinue to deliver successful results, in tions provider, recently announced Research Laboratory’s Low CCostost AAttrita-ttrita- record time, on our comprehensive that Kratos’ XQ-58A Valkyrie completed ble Aircraft Technology (LCAAT)AAT ) poportfo-rtfo- system level efforts—rare within the another successful test/demonstration lio, which has the objective toto breakbreak thethe aerospace and defence industry. In ad- flight on June 11, 2019, at Yuma Prov- escalating cost trajectory ooff tatacticallyctically dition, I appreciate the cooperative and ing Grounds, Arizona, U.S. The XQ-58A relevant aircraft. team-based relationship Kratos has demonstrator is a low-cost unmanned Steve Fendley, President off KratosKratos UUn-n- shared with AFRL in the development air vehicle (UAV) developed by Kratos manned Systems Division, said:said: “With“With and demonstration of the Valkyrie.” Unmanned Aerial Systems in partner- this most recent ship with the Air Force Research Labo- milestone, the ratory (AFRL) on the Low Cost Attritable readiness of the XQ- Strike Demonstrator (LCASD) Program. 58A is accelerating During the latest flight, the vehicle suc- and increasing the cessfully completed its test objectives near-term applica- during a 71-minute flight. The Valkyrie tion opportunities is a multi-mission, runway-independent for the system. I am UAS capable of long-range flights at extremely proud of high-subsonic speeds and a variety of our development, 18 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 News

Robonic to Provide OHTO UAV Launcher to Finland

Robonic Ltd Oy, a Safran Electron- ics & Defense company, has delivered an OHTO fourth-generation pneumatic launcher to the Finnish Defense Forces (FDF). The FDF already deploy Robon- ic’s KARHU small launchers and KONTIO third-generation launchers to launch their aerial target drones. The fourth-generation OHTO launcher is a transportable universal launcher ca- OHTO integrates advanced technolo- structure, built-in maintainability, tacti- pable of handling a wide variety of tar- gies for easier operation. For example, cal mobility and transportability, since get drones or tactical unmanned aerial operators can get the launcher ready it can be towed by an SUV or sling- vehicles. OHTO is designed to launch air for another launch within minutes, from loaded on an NH90-class helicopter. vehicles weighing up to 150 kg with an a safe distance. It also features soft- Drawing on three decades of experi- exit velocity of 55 m/s. Fourth-genera- ware-based monitoring to give users ence and a global customer base, Ro- tion OHTO and third-generation KON- extensive launch statistics and improve bonic supports the evolving require- TIO launchers are operationally compat- operator safety. Other features include ments of UAS manufacturers and end- ible, since they use the same adapters. an advanced design, aerospace-quality users from around the world. AAR, Tawazun Economic Council and Global Aerospace Logistics Collaborate

AAR, a leading provider of aviation the UAE. AAR support will services to commercial airlines and include UH-60 Black Hawk, governments worldwide, recently an- CH-47 Chinook, Twin Otter nounced a new contract with Tawa- and C-208 Caravan plat- zun Economic Council, a defence and forms. security industry enabler in the UAE, “We are embarking on the and Global Aerospace Logistics (GAL), next phase in development an Abu Dhabi-based professional aero- and growth for GAL and en- space and defence services company, deavour to strengthen our to provide component repair manage- industry relationships. GAL ment and consulting services for UAE is pleased to announce this Council Chief Economic Development military fleets. strategic partnership with AAR to en- Officer, said: “This endeavour is a result Signed on June 18 at the Paris Air hance service delivery to our custom- of the new policy that will allow us to Show, AAR will begin the two-year ers in the UAE and support our regional further support our goals in promoting repair management contract provid- growth initiatives,” said Khalid Al Breiki, long-term partnerships to enhance the ing complete repair loop services and GAL Chief Executive Officer. aerospace and defence capabilities of supply management for GAL clients in Matar Al Romaithi, Tawazun Economic the UAE as well within the region.” 19

Saab to Provide Maritime Traffic Safety in New Dubai Harbour

Saab has been awarded a contract will play an important role in ensuring situational awareness. to manage and safeguard all traffic to, that people sailing to and from Dubai At US$7.3 billion, the maritime sector from and within the new Dubai Har- can do so in an orderly and safe man- represents 7 per cent of Dubai's GDP, bour – the first yachting community ner, regardless of weather, visibility and underscoring the importance of the hub in the Middle East. The contract traffic. It will enable the operators to safety and efficiency that Saab's sys- was awarded by the owner and devel- keep track of activities on the water at tem provides. oper of the project, Meraas, a diversi- all hours of the day and fied Dubai-based holding company. to act when necessary. Once complete in Q4 2020, Dubai Saab will also use their Harbour will be home to one of the MaritimeControl solu- region’s largest marina. The combination to monitor the tion of 1,100 luxury yacht berths and waters in and around two cruise terminals for the latest mega the harbour with the cruise ships with a capacity of 1.2 mil- use of multiple radars. lion passengers per year, means that Strategically placed there will be considerable and very var- high-resolution CCTV ied traffic in the area. and infrared cameras As per the agreement, Saab's solution will further enhance Cobham Bags Airbus Innovation Award

Cobham Aerospace Communica- the fuselage’s composite in one place, ded inside, meaning fewer part num- tions Dourdan was recently awarded instead of as many as 20 externally bers to procure and assemble. This will a prestigious prize for innovation, by mounted antennas per helicopter, each lead to quicker production times, elim- global leading rotary wing manufac- with complex installation challenges. In ination of physical damage to external turer Airbus Helicopters. the future, aircraft manufacturers will antennas and a more streamlined aes- The award-winning design integrates be able to acquire the composite struc- thetic for reduced drag. multiple antenna functions within tures with Cobham antennas embed- Paul Kahn, President, Cobham Communications and Connectivity commented: “Cobham is committed to working with partners like Airbus to help keep them at the cutting-edge of aircraft innovation. This technology has applications beyond helicopters, on fixed wing aircraft and UAVs, where it has the potential to deliver substantial fuel and emissions savings. We look forward to announcing its use on other airframes soon.” 20 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 Reports BAE Systems Begins LRP for AMPV Variants The U.S. Army earlier this year The M-113s lack the force, protection could be fully developed and fielded. awarded BAE Systems two contract and mobility needed to operate as part The U.S. Army had issued a Request modifications worth up to US$575 of combined arms teams within com- for Proposal (RFP) for the AMPV in million for the low rate initial pro- plex operational environments. The November 2013, which stipulated the duction of Armoured Multi-Purpose majority of the Army’s M-113s are found Army to award a five-year Engineer- Vehicle (AMPV), which marks the be- in ABCTs, where they comprise around ing and Manufacturing Development ginning of low-rate production (LRP) 32 per cent of the tracked armoured ve- (EMD) contract to a single contractor phase. The AMPVs are designed to hicles organic to the organisation. for 29 prototypes, planned for a worth meet requirements of U.S. Army’s AMPV Development Milestones of US$458 million. BAE System Land Armoured Brigade Combat Teams AMPV is a non-developmental pro- and Armaments L.P. won the initial (ABCT). gramme, which means it is either exist- EMD contract worth around US$386 One of the priorities of the U.S. Army, ing vehicles or modified vehicles. Ac- million, with the successful Critical De- the AMPV programme is crucial for cording to experts, they might make it sign Review (CDR) completion on June ABCT to fulfil its strategy of protec- easier for the U.S. Army to eventually 23, 2016. The first general purpose tion, mobility, reliability, and in- field this system to the force, as most AMPV was delivered to the Army for teroperability. The AMPV will operate of the Army’s past developmental pro- testing in December 2016. The Army alongside the M1 Abrams tank and grammes, such as the Ground Combat began reliability, availability, and the M2 Bradley. It addresses the in- Vehicle (GCV), the Future Combat Sys- maintainability (RAM) testing in Sep- evitable need to replace the Vietnam tem (FCS), the Crusader self-propelled tember 2017, but the Army decided to War-era M-113s, which are still in ser- artillery system, and the Comanche upgrade a number of EAB M-113s in- vice in a variety of support capacities. helicopter, were cancelled before they stead of replacing them with AMPVs.

The AMPV is the U.S. Army’s programme to replace the Vietnam-era M113 Family of Vehicles 21

However, later the army decided to put the EAB M-113 upgrade effort on hold. The EMD contract provided for an optional low-rate initial production (LRIP) phase. The EMD phase was scheduled to run between FY 2015 and 2019, followed by three years of low-rate initial production (LRIP). As of 2018, the Army had planned to procure 2,936 AMPVs. The Army has plans to replace 1,922 M-113s at Echelons Above Brigade (EAB), and the Depart- ment of Defense (DOD) reportedly estimated if AMPVs replace M-113 at EAB, total programmes costs might increase by US$6.5 billion. However, the Army leadership report- Armoured Multi-Purpose Vehicle medic edly announced to cut funding for combat overmatch capability for the The AMPV general purpose variant over 93 programmes to increase avail- Army. Its design leverages Bradley and operates throughout the battlespace able funding for its new modernisa- M109A7 Self Propelled Howitzer mod- to conduct resupply, maintenance, tion strategy. Even though this cut ernisation and risk reduction invest- alternate casualty evacuation (CA- is not expected to affect the overall ment that optimise mobility, vehicle SEVAC) and as the first sergeants’ AMPV requirement, it might slow the electronics, and integrated mission vehicle for the Combined Arms Bat- AMPV production rate. equipment performance. These capa- talion. It can accommodate a driver, A Cost-Effective Matured Solution bilities also deliver enhanced under- commander and four soldiers. For The AMPV is a mature, low-risk and body protection. The AMPV is being CASEVAC, the vehicle can be recon- cost-effective solution that delivers built in five different configurations figured to accommodate a supine lit- including the General Purpose, Mis- ter casualty without interference or sion Command, Mortar Carrier, Medi- displacement of crew or equipment. cal Evacuation, and Medical Treatment Bill Sheehy, AMPV programme direc- vehicles. tor for BAE Systems’ combat vehicles The AMPV provides better survivabil- business said, “Moving into this ity with its reactive armoured tiles, phase of the AMPV programme is ex- common spall liner and applique, as citing because it brings soldiers one well as enhanced underbelly protec- step closer to deploying this critical tion and automatic fire suppression capability for completing their mis- systems in crew and engine compart- sions and coming home safely. We ments. The AMPV capitalises on the have been preparing for this mo- proven Bradley and M0109A7 pow- ment and are ready to take this pro- ertrain and suspension to provide all- gramme to the next stage.” BAE Sys- terrain mobility. It aids manoeuvrabil- tems is a trusted supplier of combat ity under close-in and urban combat vehicles to the U.S. military and allied by increasing driver’s field of vision. nations and has an extensive manu- The AMPV offers control beyond-line- facturing network across the U.S. of-sight with improved network con- Reference Text/Photos: nectivity and digital satellite commu- Congressional Research Service R43240 nications hardware and software. www.baesystems.com 22 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 Reports

Boom Supersonic Designs a Faster Future

Boom Supersonic, the Colorado “Boom has experienced great suc- were excited to participate at the Paris company reportedly building history’s cess on its journey towards building Air Show and to share our progress to- fastest commercial airliner, showcased a new generation of airliner that will ward a faster future.” its key strategic milestones during the transform the travel experience across A company statement highlighted Paris Air Show. During a press confer- the globe,” said Blake Scholl, Founder that Boom was founded with the pur- ence, Boom founder and CEO Blake and CEO of Boom. “Today, we have the pose of removing barriers to experi- Scholl, joined on stage by Takeshi advanced technology to realise faster encing the planet. In order to realise Morita, Director, Business Creation air travel, and our teams have been this vision, the company is building Strategy Department at Japan Airlines working tirelessly over the past few Overture, the first new supersonic (JAL) — a strategic partner and inves- years to build the first civil supersonic commercial jet to emerge in 50 years. tor in Boom—reviewed the company’s plane since Concorde. Our continued Overture allows airlines to offer a revo- plans for rolling out XB-1, its two-seat strategic partnership with Japan Air- lutionary service to passengers while supersonic demonstrator aircraft, in lines as well as new partnerships are earning superior economic perfor- December 2019, with supersonic flight a testament to our commitment to mance relative to current aircraft in an planned for 2020. make supersonic flight a reality. We environmentally sustainable way. 23

Making History toric Stratolaunch first flight. Guarente helped optimise Overture and will JAL, an early investor in Boom that joins Bill ‘Doc’ Shoemaker, who has prove in-flight key technologies for committed US$10 million in 2017 and been providing guidance in the de- safe, efficient travel at Mach 2.2. has options on 20 Overture airliners, velopment of XB-1 since joining Boom XB-1 will roll out of Boom’s hangar in joined the stage with Boom, at the in 2018. Doc’s expertise and insights December and fly supersonically in Paris Air Show. The airline is a strategic have proven invaluable to the devel- 2020. This important milestone will partner for Boom in the development opment process, providing specific provide Boom with critical learnings of Overture, and the two companies guidance in cockpit layout and human and will continue to yield experiences are working closely to help make factors input, systems design and op- and data that will support the devel- Overture an aircraft that meets JAL’s eration, flight control system require- opment of Overture; this data will in- exacting operational needs, while also ments, qualities requirements genera- fluence the aerodynamic design and providing the highest level of client tion and review, and flight simulator calibration, stability and control, evalu- service. Over the past several months, requirements and development. ‘Doc’ ation of handling qualities and devel- teams from JAL and from Boom have holds a PhD in aeronautics and was a opment of propulsion inlet, nozzle and collaborated in Denver and in Tokyo to Navy F-18 pilot and a veteran test pilot. control systems. review aspects of JAL’s operations, so Supersonic Flight Expanding 3D printing beyond rapid that Boom engineers can understand XB-1 is nearing completion and will prototyping, Boom Supersonic is utilis- the environment in which Overture help refine the design and engineering the Stratasys F900 3D Printer with will fly. ing of Overture. It shares the same key the Aircraft Interiors Solution (AIS) Boom has added a second top test pi- technologies as Overture: advanced package to create hundreds of 3D lot to its team, Chris ‘Duff’ Guarente, carbon fibre composites, a refined printed parts for XB1. The AIS package who holds a Master’s of Flight Test delta wing planform, and an efficient is aimed at helping improve mechani- Engineering from the USAF Test Pilot variable-geometry propulsion sys- cal properties and enables repeatable School and who recently flew the his- tem. Lessons from XB-1 have already development of aircraft production parts. Sustainable Partnership In keeping with Boom’s commitment to mitigating environmental impacts of supersonic travel, Scholl announced a new partnership with Prometheus, an innovative company in the field of sustainable alternative fuels. Pro- metheus’ technology economically re- moves CO2 from the air through a process called direct air carbon capture XB-1 will roll out of Boom’s hangar in December and fly supersonically in 2020 and uses clean electricity to transform it into gasoline, diesel and jet fuel. The electricity used in this process is generated from alternative sources, such as wind and solar power, meaning there are no net CO2 emissions generated throughout the process. Because the fuel is made from atmospheric CO2, it is carbon neutral when burned, releas- ing no net carbon into the air. Boom plans to use Prometheus fuel to power XB-1 in the world’s first supersonic Overture will allow airlines to offer a revolutionary service to passengers flight using carbon-neutral fuel. 24 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 Reports

From Tornados to FCAS by 2026

Europe first entered the global Italy (with a 42.5 per cent share) and tory, UK Tornados are now configured stage as a major player in jet-age com- the wings in Italy (with a 15 per cent to carry the British WE.177 nuclear bat aircraft in the 1970s, when Airbus work share). bomb, while German and Italian Tor- predecessor Messerschmitt-Bölkow- The RAF Tornado was armed with nados have been adapted to deploy Blohm (MBB) joined with companies ALARM to destroy or suppress the use U.S.-made B61 nuclear bombs. from the UK and Italy to develop the of enemy ground-based air-defence ra- European and Export Typhoons Panavia Tornado. The Tornado first dar systems while the variable-sweep Surpassing the 2018 combined flew from Manching, Germany, in Au- wings operate effectively at high and 500,000-flight hour milestone, the Eu- gust 1974, before being introduced low speeds to the benefit of low-level rofighter Typhoon combat aircraft is into service in 1979-1980 because it strike missions. Up until 1998, the Tor- Europe’s largest defence collaboration was designed to replace several dif- nado was produced in three variants: programme, involving the aerospace/ ferent aircraft types in the Germany, as an interdictor/strike fighter-bomb- defence industries of Germany, Spain, British and Italy air forces. Saudi Arabia er; as an electronic combat/reconnais- the UK and Italy. then became the sole Tornado export sance platform combatting enemy air The Typhoon traces its roots to 1994 operator. defences; and as an air-defence variant when the Air Staff Chiefs of Germany, The twin-engine, variable-sweep- for interceptor missions. Spain, UK and Italy agreed on their wing multirole Tornado fighter has Tornados performed low-altitude pen- advanced aircraft requirements, be- given rise to 992 aircraft, with the tri- etrating strike missions UK, Italian and fore the Typhoon was introduced into national Panavia Consortium oversee- Saudi Air Force during the 1991 Gulf service across the four core nation’s air ing this programme and MBB assigned War but were also were flown during forces over 2003-2005. New customer a 42.5 per cent share of the workload the Bosnian and Kosovo wars, in the Saudi Arabia received its first Typhoon to manufacture the Tornado’s centre Iraq War, the Libyan civil war and have in 2008 and the Austrian Air Force fuselage at its Manching facility (in performed duties in Afghanistan, Ye- took delivery of its first aircraft in 2007, then-West Germany). The front fuse- men and Syria. In delivering the full while a contract was placed in Decem- lage and tail assembly was built by the range of air-to-ground weapons and ber 2012 to supply 12 Typhoons to the British partner Airbus in Germany and air-to-air missiles in the NATO inven- Sultanate of Oman. 25

The Typhoon is expected to be a central pillar of the Eurofighter combat aircraft programme in the decades to come. Its weapon-carrying capability has evolved to integrate the advanced medium range air-to-air missile (AM- RAAM), the Storm Shadow low-ob- servable air-launched cruise missile, advanced helmet-mounted symbolo- gy system (HMSS), Enhanced Paveway II bombs and Captor-E (E-Scan) radar. Future Combat Team The Tornado first flew from Manching in August 1974 In 2018, Airbus joined with France’s Dassault Aviation, Italy’s Leonardo and aircraft between 2035-2040. Envi- Dassault Aviation and Airbus SE deliv- Europe’s Future Combat Air System sioned as a “system of systems”, the ered a joint industrial proposal to the (FCAS) in the European Medium-Alti- FCAS will combine with existing com- French and German governments at tude Long-Endurance Remotely Pilot- bat aircraft to include in its programme the 2019 Paris Air Show. The first Dem- ed Aircraft (MALE RPAS) programme a next-generation fighter aircraft, onstrator Phase of the Future Combat aiming to complement and replace medium-altitude long-endurance un- Air System (FCAS) was showcased by the current generation Eurofighter Ty- manned aerial vehicles, future cruise revealing of New Generation Fighter phoon and French-built Rafale fighter missiles and drones flying in swarms. and Remote Carriers models by Eric German-based Firms Form FCMS Consortium

One of the most complex tech- Hensoldt: tant military programmes, such as nological challenges for Future Com- Hensoldt is a pioneer of technology Tornado, Eurofighter and A400M. bat Air System (FCAS) will be in the and innovation in the area of defence ESG Elektroniksystem und Logistik: field of the networked operation of and security electronics. The company ESG has been one of the leading Ger- sensors and effectors. The European is a market leader in civilian and mili- man providers of design, integration industrial environment is character- tary sensor solutions, developing new and operation of complex, security- ised by strong partners with a broad products to counter a wide variety of related electronic and IT systems for range of capabilities and products, threats based on innovative concepts five decades. In Germany and inter- especially in this area, for which FCAS in such fields as big data, robotics and nationally, ESG provides products will play an outstanding role. cyber security. and services for customers from gov- The German-based companies Hen- Diehl Defence: ernment and segments like defence soldt, Diehl Defence, ESG and Ro- Diehl is a long-established first-tier and public security and industry. hde & Schwarz have joined forces supplier of avionics products, cabin Rohde & Schwarz: to form the German Future Combat management systems, smoke detec- The Rohde & Schwarz technology Mission System (FCMS) consortium tion and fire-fighting components group develops, produces and mar- under German Law at Paris Air Show and cabin lighting in the civil and kets innovative communications, to effectively address emerging military aviation industry, as well as information and security products technological challenges. The con- guided missiles, ammunition, train- for professional users. The group's sortium will assume joint respon- ing and self-protection systems and test and measurement, broadcast sibility for the complex networked other products. Diehl will accompany and media, aerospace, defence, and operation of sensors and effectors system leader Airbus (Defence and security, networks and cybersecurity within the FCAS network. Space) contributing recognised ex- business fields address many differ- The core strengths of the consor- pertise in avionics. Diehl is already a ent industry and government-sector tium partners are listed below. long-term partner in several impor- market segments. 26 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 Reports

Trappier, Chairman and Chief Execu- tive Officer (CEO) of Dassault Aviation and Dirk Hoke, CEO of Airbus Defence and Space, witnessed at the Le Bour- get opening ceremony by French President, Emmanuel Macron, and Minister of the Armed Forces, Florence Parly, the German Federal Minister of Defence, Ursula Von Der Leyen and the Spanish Minister of Defence, Margarita Robles. This Demonstrator Phase will cover the period from 2019 to mid-2021 as a starting point for the development of a New Generation Fighter (NGF), Re- mote Carriers (RC) and an Air Combat RAF Typhoons Cloud (ACC) to fly by 2026. The various teaming agreements also include the to be built by Dassault and Airbus, Officer of Airbus Defence and Space, companies MBDA Systems and Thales, with Dassault Aviation as Prime con- Dirk Hoke, said in turn. “The principles while a transparent and fair handling tractor, as well as the Remote Carriers of our industrial cooperation include of Intellectual Property Rights has and Air Combat Cloud with Airbus as joint decision-making, a clear gov- been established in these agreements Prime contractor, will be the corner- ernance set-up, transparent ways of and Safran and MTU have been put in stone of the Future Combat Air System working, and common preparation charge of developing a New Engine. and will shape Europe’s most decisive and negotiation of this first demon- “The Joint Concept Study awarded to military air combat programme for the strator phase.” Dassault Aviation and Airbus in Janu- decades to come in constructing Eu- After initiating the negotiation of the de- ary 2019 was the first step in a fruitful rope’s sovereignty.” livered proposal, Dassault Aviation and cooperation”, said Eric Trappier, Chair- “I am very satisfied with the level of Airbus expect a contract award for the man and Chief Executive Officer of Das- trust and partnership we have already first Demonstrator Phase by Q4 2019. sault Aviation. “The first Demonstrator built with Dassault in the execution of Reference Text/Photos: Phase marks another decisive step in the Joint Concept Study and the in- www.dassault-aviation.com the Next Generation Weapon System dustrial proposal we’ve submitted to www.airbus.com in which the New Generation Fighter, both governments,” Chief Executive www.baesystems.com

Next Generation Fighter 27 DCI: Transferring French Military Expertise to theWorld

The French Armed Forces’ operator for transferring military know-how through customised training, assistance and consulting solutions, Défense Conseil International (DCI) has a notable presence in the Middle East with training locations in Kuwait, the UAE and Saudi Arabia. Holding the “French Armed Forces Training” label, DCI assists friendly nations in developing the capabilities and skills in the field of special forces. The training courses offered by DCI cover all activities of special forces on land, air and sea and utilise modern equipment. In addition, the training can also be customised according to the requirement of requirements of certain forces to include courses, such as Armament Management, Cyber De- ter-terrorism and deep patrols. It also confer the know-how of the French fence, Drone Utilisation, Military War- covers commando action behind ene- Air Force to foreign air forces. The DCI- fare and Military Intelligence training. my lines, with insertion by air transport AIRCO, with industry partners, such as DCI's Training Activities or airdrop. One-time training sessions aerospace manufacturers, has imple- LAND: The courses offered for land (Sniper, use of transmission systems, mented user-to-user partnerships tai- forces cover everything from initial combat first aid…) are also available. lored to the operational requirements training to specialities such as INVEX NAVAL: The main mission of DCI's na- of each country, for over three de- (investigation/exfiltration), deep pa- val component is to transmit the know- cades. The Institut Français de Sécurité trols or operational high-altitude para- how of the French Navy to friendly for- Aérienne (IFSA) is a part of the aero- chuting. The training basically offers eign navies. The training takes place at nautics component of DCI. services bearing the French Armed DCI’s International Centre for Military The DCI group is headquartered in Forces label, which are adapted to the Diver Training (CIF-PM) near Toulon Paris, with several sites all over the needs of each nation. The curriculum on the Mediterranean. These training national territory and permanent has 16-week initial training followed courses cover, among other things, offices abroad. Apart from Middle by an additional 6-week session for areas such as naval, submarine, naval/ East, DCI has permanent training personnel who has successfully com- air, maritime security, and diving. The offices in Asia located in Malaysia, pleted initial training. The training courses also train special forces per- Singapore, and India. DCI is con- provided to recently joined the Spe- sonnel in using specific equipment like tinuing to expand internationally cial Forces personnel, covers activities fast boats, specialised firing ranges, with innovative, high added-value from orientation to improve individual etc. services through the development aptitudes and capacities, training for AIR: The primary vocation of the air of new partnerships, particularly in combat in confined spaces, to coun- component of the DCI group is to Asia and Latin America. 28 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 Reports JLTV Test Fires Javelin Oshkosh Defense, LLC, an Osh- mobile and protected command cen- General Manager of Joint Programs at kosh Corporation company with in- tre, the JLTV’s design achieves tremen- Oshkosh Defense said, “This success- dustry partners, recently participated dous power and protection outside ful demonstration of Javelin and RWS in a successful Javelin flight test from the wire. The C4ISR network solution further solidifies the importance of a Kongsberg remote weapon station enables JLTV to maintain its payload, the JLTV’s position within the current (RWS) on a Joint Light Tactical Vehicle performance, protection and off-road combat fleet formation, and reinforces (JLTV) at Redstone Test Center in Ala- mobility. its position as one of the few vehi- bama. The demonstration marks the The C4ISR engineering and integration cles on the field that can manoeuvre first-time firing of both the Javelin and experts at Oshkosh have given JLTV a within combat formations, haul criti- the Northrop Grumman lightweight unique edge by factoring the C4 me- cal weaponry and equipment quickly 30mm cannon through an RWS on a chanical, electrical and user interface across complex terrain, all while keep- JLTV. into the vehicle to reduce integration ing our troops safe and protected.” Considered to be one of the most ver- time and optimise overall system per- Suspension System: With the TAK-4i satile and lethal guided munition and formance. The JLTV is wired for current intelligent independent suspension surveillance weapon system, Javelin and future C4ISR systems on the pro- is an anti-tank weapon system made duction line. The system allows it to by the Javelin Joint Venture, a part- operate both independently and as a nership between Raytheon Company part of a common operational picture, and Lockheed Martin. The JLTV can be they are also easily reconfigurable in configured with many weapons sys- the field. tems and has an optional turret that George Mansfield, Vice President and supports standard weapons mounts for 7.62mm manned or remotely- operated machine guns or a variety of cannon and tube-launched missile systems. Side- or rear-mounted weapons from a wide variety of manufacturers are also seamlessly supported. The JLTV family of vehicles are expected to replace U.S. Army’s current fleet of light tactical trucks and is en- visioned to be stronger and more sur- vivable. The vehicles providing better manoeuvrability and mobility than the mine-resistant ambush protected vehicle, or MRAP, were deployed in Iraq. Unmatched Speed, Power & Mobility The JLTV fleet covers the full spectrum of tactical vehicle features with superior C3 and platform integration experience, better performance and high-end armour protection. Built with capability to serve as a highly 29

system and complete plug and play C4ISR capability, the JLTV is the go- anywhere, do-anything light tactical vehicle. The Oshkosh TAK-4i system is the next generation of combat-proven suspension system TAK-4 and provides warfighters with better manoeuvrability and a smoother ride to reduce fatigue in tough terrains. According to Oshkosh, TAK-4i provides JLTV with 70 per cent faster off-road speeds than today’s gold standard TWV. The 20 inches (508mm) of usable wheel travel, the internally controlled adjustable suspension, and high-performance brakes provide exceptional off-road mobility, stopping and grade holding capability. The JLTV can quickly adjust to achieving diverse transportability needs - by air, land and sea. It is ready on arrival and gives troops the reliability needed for harsh environments. JLTV’s design achieves tremendous power and protection Digitally-Controlled Engine: Wheth- er travelling over hazardous terrain operational modes. JLTV power train General Purpose, Heavy Guns Carrier, or unpaved roads, the JLTV’s digitally- adapts to different operating condi- Utility, and Close Combat Weapons controlled engine maintains steady tions, and its engine power-to-weight Carrier; it reduces the logistics foot- and reliable power. It offers greater ratio is optimised to provide superior print and lifecycle costs. Some of the versatility and efficiency with im- acceleration, mobility and speed. common parts include power genera- proved fuel economy in both idle and Advantage of Commonality: With tion, engine, cooling, batteries, brakes, more than 93 per cent of the high-level fluids and filters. This provides a ma- components common across the JLTV jor advantage as these vehicles can be serviced and returned to the field more quickly than current vehicles requiring fewer spare parts inventory and quicker training of maintenance personnel. The JLTV is modular and can easily be upgraded with newer innovations and is expected serve the military for the next three decades. Oshkosh has nine decades of proven experience developing advanced au- tomotive systems and has advanced on-board vehicle power capabilities on two prototype vehicles: The Ma- rine Corps' Medium Tactical Vehicle Replacement (MTVR) and the U.S. Ar- my's Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT). 30 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 Reports

Dubai Airshow to Highlight Future of Aerospace Sector

The aerospace sector is fast changing with the growing demand for air travel and developing technologies such as unmanned aerial vehicles and advanced manufacturing and repair services. The expected increase in population with disposable income across Asia and Africa means air traffic will double in the coming years and airlines, aircraft manufacturers, and service providers will have to innovate to keep in step with the growth and evolving customer expectations. Meanwhile, the governments will need to address advanced and autonomous aircraft as they become more prevalent in air travel. According to the market insight study - “The Future of Aerospace” released by Dubai Air- service providers to the commercial the passengers wanted to remain con- show, global aviation market is antici- aerospace industry an extraordinary nected onboard the aircraft through pating a number of technology trends opportunity to invest in the future. Wi-Fi and over 50 per cent wanted to to change how we fly in the future. Passenger Trends use a seat-back mounted device. IATA also predicts 8.2 billion passen- According to IATA’s 2018 Global Pas- Technology Trends ger movements a year by 2037 and to senger Survey, travellers are increas- Quantum Computing: The real ben- keep up with the growth, more than ingly open to automation and prefer- efit of the quantum computing in the simply adding to the global fleet air- ring self-check-ins and biometrics at aerospace industry is yet to be fully ex- lines and manufacturers will need immigration, however, they would still pended, but leading technology and to be more efficient both economi- prefer a human to resolve any issues aviation players are exploring the pos- cally and environmentally. This mar- they have. The survey found that 45 sibilities. One of the major benefits of ket force will drive innovation in the per cent of passengers were open to a using quantum computing would be aerospace industry. With the growing paperless passport utilising biometrics its ability to store and process a large market size, all aspects related to the and 51 per cent would prefer their bag amount of data, which can hugely help movement, maintenance and servic- collected from home and delivered in managing the expected growth in ing of both regional and transiting to its destination independently if it flights in the coming years. Boeing aircraft, which offers suppliers and could be accurately tracked. Most of has predicted over 43,000 additional 31

The eVTOL aircraft concept is expected to be tested as early as 2020

Boeing’s experimental autonomous aircraft aircraft will need to be commissioned where efficiencies could be achieved. to produce Flight Chain. by 2037, whilst Airbus suggests the re- The Middle East is also exploring quan- On the other hand, technology com- quirement is closer to 37,000 and Em- tum computing, specifically universi- pany Accenture believes blockchain braer 42,000. ties and government agencies in Saudi can be used to monitor parts, mainte- Taking the lead, Airbus has launched Arabia and the UAE. nance and servicing across an aircraft’s the ‘Airbus Quantum Computing Chal- Blockchain: Blockchain has started to lifetime. It has reportedly built its own lenge’ inviting participants to tackle make in-roads into the aerospace in- blockchain, yet to be patented, that five design and operation problems dustry. The technology has many ap- will allow OEMs, MROs and operators in manufacturing. The company be- plications in the sector. The technology to see the as-flown history of an air- lieves quantum computing holds the can allow multiple users, including pas- craft and its components to then up- key to producing innovative solutions sengers, airlines, airports, ANSPs, real- date it in a secured and trusted man- that can lead to a reduction in fuel time access to accurate flight informa- ner. However, the first commercial ap- consumption and enhance payload. tion. SITA, a leading aviation technology plication of blockchain innovation was Airbus has been investing in quantum company, has had a successful trial of by Singapore Airlines through KrisPay. computing since 2015. They could Aviation Blockchain, called Sandbox, It allows KrisFlyer members to covert provide ANSPs, airlines and airports with British Airways, Heathrow, Geneva points to KrisPay currency via a block- real value in evaluating capacity and Airport and Miami International Airport chain application to be spent in select 32 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 Reports

An intricately-connected 3D printed docking hatch door on Orion spacecraft. Photo credit-Stratasys Static Display retail outlets in Singapore. years. Since 2014, Airbus has been Eithad’s 60,000sqm Abu Dhabi facility, Regionally, blockchain is being in- increasingly calling on 3D printing of not only for its parent airline but for vestigated as a means of traveller parts to construct aircraft and was re- others it services. Beyond commercial identification and border control. In ported to have achieved up to 55 per sector, NASA is establishing a 3D print- late 2018, the UAE’s General Civil Avi- cent weight reduction on those parts. ing facility on the International Space ation Authority (GCAA) met to deter- Meanwhile, Boeing has made a size- Station to print satellites when already mine the applicability of the tech- able investment into Digital Alloys and in orbit. Deloitte indicates the industry nology to the aviation industry and has indicated their parts would be 20 is expected to be valued at US$3 bil- even immigration. Interwoven with to 25 per cent cheaper than tradition- lion by 2020. biometrics, blockchain could be the ally manufactured ones. Also, Stratasys In addition to newer manufacturing innovation to see the IATA’s OneID, believes it can manufacture parts be- techniques, the industry is also look- which may replace paper passports tween 43 and 75 per cent faster than ing into new materials to build air- with a single token readable by all conventional methods. Aside from craft that will make them lighter to entities along the air travel chain, to these benefits to OEMs, specifically in save fuel costs. Aluminium has long reality. Dubai International Airport prototype stages, additive manufac- been the preferred building mate- has already made a step in that di- turing is proving revolutionary to the rial for aircraft, but lately, Graphene rection not only with the GCAA re- MRO industry. It can make parts manu- is emerging as a new and innova- cent meeting but also with the trial facturing quick, easy and with limited tive aerospace material, due to its of the Smart Tunnel in Terminal 3. waste. strength to weight ratio. Recently, 3D Printing and Smart Manufacturing Locally, Etihad Airlines Engineering in Airbus in conjunction with Aernnova Weight of aircraft has been one of conjunction with Siemens and local and Grupo Antolin-Ingenieria pro- the main challenges discussed by company, Strata, piloted a 3D print- duced the leading edge for an Airbus the industry for years, as fuel costs ing project for aircraft interior parts in A350 horizontal tail. account up to 25 per cent of an air- the UAE in 2017. Further expanding its eVTOL line’s operating expenditure. Reports interest in the technology, Etihad Air- Electric vertical take-off and landing predict there would be over 23 per lines Engineering forged a relationship (eVTOL) aircraft concept is fascinating cent increase in innovative manufac- with EOS in 2018 with an aim to work and the technology is expected to be turing techniques over the next two towards producing 3D printed parts in tested by as early as 2020. Uber has 33

Vahana, the Self-Piloted, eVTOL aircraft from A³ by Airbus announced its plans for Uber Elevate, whilst others believe it will be closer with the view of the full commercial to decades. operation up and running by 2023. Accenture Dubai Airshow 2019 The ride sharing company is partner- Dubai Airshow 2019, focusing on ing with many manufacturers includ- believes disruptors to the industry including ing Embraer, Bell, Aurora, Pipistrel biometrics, AI, blockchain, robotics, Vertical Solutions and Karem for the blockchain IoT and big data. The organisers of perfect aircraft for one pilot and four the show expect over 87,000 visitors, passengers with a ‘150 mph cruise can be used to 1,300 exhibitors and 1,600 media speed, 60-mile sizing range and a monitor parts, to come together at Dubai Airshow 3-hour sprint of 25-mile trips’ capacity. 2019, bringing all of the sub-sectors However, Aurora and Airbus may be maintenance of the aerospace industry under one leading the race for the autonomous roof. The event will allow the trans- eVTOL. Airbus conducted a test flight and servicing fer of information and knowledge, of its Vahana aircraft in late 2018 and integration of ideas and the bringing Aurora, in early 2019, did a similar across an together of leaders across disciplines flight for its prototype. The Middle East and continents connecting all facets is also paying attention to this innova- aircraft’s lifetime of the aerospace industry. tion, in 2018, UAE’s Techstar accelera- Over five days in November, Dubai tor programme extended support to Airshow will host the main event US-based Flugauto to develop an infrastructure would be required along with sub-events covering eVTOL for cargo. Flugauto’s partners for take-off and landing. There are space, airport innovation, cargo, air include Luxaviation and Nvidia, com- still question marks around the op- traffic management, smart manufac- pleted its first test flight in early 2019. timal electric propulsion packages turing and airline management. Once airborne, the eVTOLs whether which manage payload and power. Reference Text/Photo: manned or unmanned need to be However, the optimists believe this www.embraer.com integrated into the air traffic con- aerospace technology will be up www.airbus.com trol systems in place. Land-based and running in a matter of few years www.dubaiairshow.aero 34 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 Reports

Embraer Showcases 50 Years of Innovation at Paris Air Show

At the recently concluded Paris Air striking aircraft, showing pioneering in area of 300m² and visitors could watch Show, Embraer celebrated its 50th an- the past and vision for the future. the video that highlighted some of the niversary and had a large exhibition In the demonstration area Embraer most striking moments of the Brazilian area that included state-of-the-art showcased the new E195-E2 part of Company in a timeline format. aircraft in static and in-flight display, its second-generation commercial jet Embraer announced multiple con- as well as a pavilion dedicated to Em- family; the multi-mission airlift and tracts at the event including pool braer’s history. The company’s flight in-flight refuelling KC-390; the light maintenance and parts agreements display included the Praetor 600, the attack and training aircraft A-29 Super with European carriers, reinforcing the KC-390 and the E195-E2, with the fu- Tucano; and the Praetor 600, one of customer trust and support of the orig- selage all painted in TechLion theme. the best executive jets of the super- inal manufacturer in maintaining an Embraer presented its innovative midsize category already developed. efficient operation through the Tech- and disruptive projects, as well as re- The events of Embraer’s five decades Care technical expertise. Switzerland’s membered their historic aircraft that history was remembered in a pavilion Helvetic Airways signed a pool con- reflected the memorable journey of dedicated to exhibit information and tract to cover four recently added E190 the company’s success. With static images of the company’s products that jets, and Aurigny Air Services signed an exhibits, pavilions and demonstration have made history in the global avia- extension of their current agreement flights, Embraer presented four of its tion industry. The area occupied a total on parts maintenance to support the 35

with the Portuguese Air Force, will enable the KC-390 to meet the needs of many other nations around the world,” said Jackson Schneider, President and CEO of Embraer Defense & Security. “The industrial partnership between Portugal and Embraer contributes to the development of engineering and the Portuguese aeronautics industry, representing more than 300 million euros in exports each year and thousands of highly skilled jobs.” Portugal is the largest international partner of the KC-390 Programme and its participation in the development and production of the aircraft is recognised as having had a positive economic impact in the generation of jobs, new investments, increased exports and technological advances. Embraer had a large exhibition area that included The KC-390 has received its Civil Cer- state-of-the-art aircraft in static and in-flight display tification from the Brazilian National Aviation Agency (ANAC) in 2018 and E195 operated by the Guernsey’s car- paratroopers, and medevac stretcher, is now in full serial production. Entry rier. Embraer’s component support so- mixed configurations. The KC-390’s into service is expected to occur in the lution covers the access and repair of a piloting is facilitated by an integrated 3rd quarter of 2019 with the Brazilian comprehensive list of parts, including avionic system and a fly-by-wire flight Air Force (FAB), with follow on deliver- engine line-replaceable units (LRUs), control, and it can be equipped with a ies to occur throughout the year. and most airframe components, be- self-defence system and ballistic pro- Powerful Turboprop Aircraft sides the access to a vast repair service tection which increases its capacity to The A-29 Super Tucano is a durable, provider network. operate in hostile environments. versatile and powerful turboprop air- Enhanced Efficiency On 11th July, the Portuguese Govern- craft capable of carrying out a wide The KC-390 is designed to set new ment announced a firm order of five range of missions, even operating standards for efficiency and produc- multi-mission Embraer KC-390 airlift- from unimproved runways. To date, tivity in its category while presenting ers as part of the process to modern- the Super Tucano has been selected the lowest life-cycle cost of the mar- ize Portuguese Air Force capacities to by 14 air forces worldwide. More than ket. The aircraft can perform different support national Armed Forces op- 220 have been aircraft delivered. types of military and civilian missions erations and increase readiness in mis- The A-29 is mission-proven as having including humanitarian support, med- sions of public interest. Deliveries are the interoperability and networking ical evacuation, search and rescue and scheduled to start in 2023. capability to gather, process, harness firefighting, while fully meeting the “The Portuguese KC-390 will meet and disseminate data to U.S. and allied requirements of the Portuguese Air new interoperability requirements, in forces on the ground and in the air. It Force, adding new superior cargo and the areas of secure navigation, data has achieved this objective in combat troops transport, aerial delivery and and voice transmission that will al- in Afghanistan and with partner air aerial refuelling capabilities. low the KC-390 to integrate joint op- forces around the world. Its modern cargo handling system erations in multinational alliances in With its combination of advanced sen- can transport large-sized cargo: pal- which Portugal is integrated. These re- sors and its ability to network with lets, vehicles, helicopters, troops, quirements, developed in partnership joint forces and coalition partners, the 36 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 Reports

A-29 acts as a force multiplier as part of a fully integrated air and ground combat team sharing data across the battlefield. The A-29 can enter inventory ready to plug into USAF Command & Control (C2) architecture. It’s unique in its design as an open architecture platform, capable of rapid integration of new sensors, radios and mission software, and in the aircraft’s ability to match the growing need for Multi- Domain Command & Control (MDC2) required for U.S. and allied forces. Supporting Sustainability At the show, KLM Cityhopper announced it’s intention to purchase up to 35 E195-E2 jets, 15 firm orders with purchase rights for a further 20 aircraft of the same model. This intention, which still requires a Purchase Agree- ment, has a value of US$2.48 billion Praetor 600 in the static area based on Embraer’s current list prices. Jets are flying in the fleet of 75 custom- Web Services (AWS) platform and was The order will be added to Embraer’s ers in 50 countries. The 70 to 150-seat developed by Embraer, with the sup- backlog as soon as a firm contract is family, is flying with low-cost airlines port of the suppliers AWS ProServe completed. as well as with regional and mainline and Claranet, using Big Data and Ana- In addition, the environmentally carriers. lytics technologies to deliver 96 per friendly E195-E2 also supports sustain- At the event, Embraer also announced cent productivity gains in the aircraft ability goals with lower levels of noise the launch of IKON, a cloud system for analysis and data processing, setting and emissions. For the E-Jets pro- capturing, storing and analysing high new standards in aeronautical services gramme alone, Embraer has logged volume data for the predictive main- and support. more than 1,800 orders and 1,500 tenance of the E-Jets family. The new Reference Text/Photos: aircraft have been delivered. Today, E- system is totally based on the Amazon www.embraer.com

KC-390’s entry into service is expected to occur in the third quarter of 2019 with the Brazilian Air Force FOR MORE INFO PLEASE VISIT : WWW.ADIHEX.COM OR EMAIL US AT: [email protected]

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Thales Explores Big Data, AI Application

With TrUE AI use the data used to conclusion

Threats can come from anywhere when a pilot is airborne, it could be Thales anything, a dusty pickup in the desert armed with missiles or a fifth-gener- offers high ation military fighter from an enemy nation. A wide range of existing and performance, evolving threats are truly challenging for the air forces, as they occur in a secured highly complex environment of electronic warfare and hostile airspace connectivity that deny access to potentially very solutions large theatre of operations. To meet this challenge, air forces need to exchange more information, quickly and safely across huge dis- survivability of the Air Force by not tances, and only with those who need only linking fighter and mission air- to know, which mean smart linking of craft with distant headquarters, troops not just fighter aircraft, but all actors or on the ground, ships at sea, but also Thales FlyX future cockpit so called Community of Interest (COI) to remote sensors and weapons and involved in a mission. Which is what a growing number of unmanned ve- act as a ‘force multiplier’,” says Eric Au- Thales’s advanced solutions do, they hicles that need to be monitored. bineau, Aeronautical Communications enable more efficient communica- “We bring all the communication chan- Director at Thales. tions within a COI, such as user-friend- nels together, link them and make it all Thales is actively exploring possibilities ly services that focus on the end users’ work together. We hide the complexity of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence, operational needs with smart secured in a secure way allowing the military while offering high performance, routing. They increase efficiency and to do more with what they have. We secured and sovereign broadband 39

be interoperable with different forces Astronaut and an Airspace Manager of several friendly nations and conduct and how their world is transformed operations on distant fields, in some through Thales’s AI. It also showed situations, they also operate on their how AI helps them think smarter, act own and rely on sovereign solutions. faster and make critical decisions in “By bringing greater connectivity, we an environment where there exists can help the forces face all kinds of no margin of error because lives are threats without needing a specific often at stake. TrUE AI was presented weapons system for each threat,” ar- by Thales Director of AI research David gues Jérôme Brouet, Product Line Sadek and ‘the future of Human Fac- Manager of the Network and Infra- tors in cockpits’ by Dr. Sylvain Hourlier, structure systems at Thales. who is one of the world’s foremost ex- “Secured and protected Connectivity perts in Human Machine Interfaces. enhanced by Artificial Intelligence and In addition to how AI will help safe Big Data, is the backbone of the new integration of commercial drones in generation of military operations,” the aerospace ecosystem, some of the UE AI users can see Brouet added. seminal technologies unveiled at Paris a used to arrive at a Big Data and Artificial Intelligence Air Show include ‘FlytX - the new gen- sion The digital revolution presents us with eration connected cockpit for civil and only a glimpse of the true potential military aircraft and helicopters’ and that IoT, Big Data, and Artificial Intelli- ‘How the digital revolution makes col- gence (AI) have in both cybersecurity laborative combat possible through or other evolving threats they pose. sharing and applying vast amounts of Of all these forthcoming technolo- information’. gies, AI has been more popularised by Thales’s policy of partnering with some experts, even in fiction as an ex- start-ups and innovative SMEs is al- istential threat, than the notion of ma- ready well known, and the Group chines rising against humans. Thales, showcased this with interventions to demonstrate how AI should actually and conferences by at least five start- be viewed, not with distrust but with ups at Paris Air Show. The start-ups an understanding and to debunk the present included eOdyn, a start-up doubts surrounding the technology, that disrupts our understanding of launched TrUE AI approach. It stands ocean dynamics through the use of for Transparent AI where users can see Big Data, and Delfox, a specialist in AI the data used to arrive at a conclu- for Aerospace and Defence. Strength- sion. Unveiled at the Paris Air Show ening its AI offering, Thales also an- 2019, it is an Understandable AI, that nounced its acquisition of Psibernetix, can explain and justify the results, and which is famous for its aerial combat an Ethical AI that follows objective application AI called ALPHA. ALPHA standards protocols, laws, and human consistently defeated the world’s top rights, and seeks to glean an AI that pilots in simulated air combat, and connectivity solutions such as com- puts the human back in control. Psibernetix is a pioneer in computa- bat intra-flight datalinks or satellite The TrUE AI, to answer the question “As tionally efficient AI technologies. The connectivity, for all types of aircraft, a child what did you dream of becom- acquisition will establish explainable as well as the system that enables ing when you grew up?”, showed the AI processes for applications in criti- seamless communications leveraging world through the eyes of a Fighter cal environments. all transmission means between all Pilot, an Air Force General, a Globetrot- Reference Text/Photo: stakeholders. While the forces need to ting Traveller, an Airline Captain, an www.thalesgroup.com 40 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 Reports Airbus, Lockheed Martin Reaffirm Partnership

Top executives from Airbus and Lockheed Martin met at the Paris Air Show 2019 reaffirming their existing partnership to explore U.S. Air Force tanker opportunities. The Airbus A330 Multi Role Tanker Transport (A330 MRTT) provided the perfect backdrop for the meeting with (L to R) Alberto Gutierrez, Head of Military Aircraft, Airbus Defence and Space; Michele Evans, Executive Vice President of Lockheed Martin Aeronautics and Dirk Hoke, CEO of Airbus Defence and Space. (L to R) Alberto Gutierrez, Michele Evans, and Dirk Hoke Dirk Hoke, CEO of Airbus Defence and Space hopes to present their latest offer to the U.S. Military in the near future and said, “Our A330 MRTT has been refuelling U.S. Military aircraft on combat missions since 2014, and together with Lockheed Martin, we truly believe we can offer unbeatable capabilities.” According to Michele Evans, Executive Vice President for Lockheed Martin Aeronautics, the Lockheed team has been working to further expand its relationship with Airbus to provide U.S. Air Force with the best capability in A330 MRTT can refuel any NATO aircraft aerial refuelling. “We believe with Air- bus’ and Lockheed Martin’s expertise tanker platform in the world. “It has benchmark for multi-mission tankers. in air refuelling and innovative, com- proven its versatility and capability Reportedly, a perfect replacement bat-tested technologies such as low time and again, and is a tremendous for older aircraft under fleet replace- observability and networking opera- asset for any military, including the ment programmes, 60 A330 MRTT tions, we make a powerful team to ad- U.S.,” he adds. aircraft were sold as of February 2019. dress the U.S. Air Force’s tanker needs Three in One Mission Capability It has been ordered by the Royal Air today and into the future,” he said. One of the most capable new-gen- Force, French Air Force and Republic of Speaking about the A330 MRTT ad- eration and a combat-proven tanker Korea Air Force, among others. The air- vantage, Alberto Gutiérrez, Head of with unique multi-role capabilities, craft entered into service in the UK in Military Aircraft at Airbus said that it the A330 MRTT is based on the suc- 2012 and is called the Voyager by the is the most successful and capable cessful A330-200 airliner and sets the Royal Air Force. The first A330 MRTT 41

available. Under-Wing Pods: Under-wing pods provide simultaneous hose and drogue refuelling minimising the time required and improves the operational efficiency of the receiver carrier. It has a high fuel offload rate of up to 1,300 kg/min. The Cobham 905E under- wing pods, currently in service, enable the A330 MRTT to refuel any NATO or allied probe-equipped receivers including Eurofighter, the Tornado, the Jaguar, the F/A18 Hornet or the Suk- hoi 30. The 900 series wing-pods fur- Airbus’ A330 MRTT on static display at the 2019 Paris Air Show ther optimise reliability with a digitally controlled and electrically operated hose drum unit. Fuselage Refuelling Unit (FRU): Large probe-equipped aircraft such as the A400M or C295 can be refuelled at a high fuel offload rate of 1,800 kg/min via the Cobham 805E Fuselage Refuel- ling Unit (FRU). The removable hose and drogue allow receivers with a different fuel type, ensuring NATO fuel type is transferred from wing-pods, while an alternative fuel type is dis- pensed from the FRU. Mission Transport A330 MRTT cockpit The A330 MRTT can carry a maximum payload of up to 45 tonnes, combin- Phénix, as called in the French service, crew. It also features an Enhanced Vi- ing the passenger cabin and the lower was delivered in February 2018. sion System, a high definition 2D/3D deck. It can carry up to 300 passen- Refuelling Mission digital system that enables performing gers, MedEvac cabin layout with 40 The A330 MRTT can carry up to 111 day and night refuelling and can pro- stretchers, 20 seats for medical staff tonnes of fuel, which is reportedly, vide high-resolution video recording and 100 passengers up to 37 tonnes of the highest capacity of all tanker air- of the refuelling operations. cargo in the lower deck; 27 LD3 con- craft even with additional fuel tanks. Aerial Refuelling Boom System tainers or eight military pallets. It has the capacity of offloading 50,000 (ARBS): To refuel receptacle-equipped Deployment Mission kg of fuel to a broad range of receivers aircraft such as the F-16 Fighting Fal- The A330 MRTT can support the de- during a four-hour loitering mission at con, F-35A Lightning II, or even the ployment of four fighter aircraft plus over 1,000 nm from its take-off point. A330 MRTT that is fitted with UARRSI, 50 personnel and 12 tonnes of freight The A330 MRTT’s air-to-air refuelling the A330 MRTT is provided with the (luggage, spare parts and equipment) (AAR) systems are controlled from an advanced Airbus Defence and Space in one direct flight over 5,200 km, e.g. advanced Fuel Operator Console that Aerial Refuelling Boom System (ARBS). from Europe to Afghanistan. is positioned in the cockpit, which in- A fuel flow rate of up to 3,600 kg/min Reference Text/Photo: creases the safety by ensuring a timely makes ARBS one of the most capable www.airbus.com and synchronised reaction of the flight new-generation flight-proven boom www.lockheedmartin.com 42 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 Reports

Lockheed Martin Wins U.S. Army Contract for

ATACMS Missiles Precision Missile ATACMS is a long-range guided missile that gives operational commanders immediate firepower to win the deep battle. Each ATACMS missile is packaged in a MLRS look-alike launch pod and is fired from the MLRS family of launchers. It is a surface-to-surface artillery weapon system capable of striking targets well beyond the range of existing Army can- nons, rockets and other missiles. The missiles are fired from the MLRS M270 and M270A1 weapons platform. The ATACMS Block I Missile was very successful in Op- eration Desert Storm. The ATACMS Block IA Unitary configuration employs an upgraded guidance and control system, new software and an improved fuze. These upgrades provide a vertical impact capability that increases the reliability and lethality of the missile while reducing collateral damage. This configuration is fielded by the U.S. Army and several allied countries. Lockheed Lockheed Martin recently received of Precision Fires & Combat Maneuver Martin Missiles and Fire Control produces a US$561.8 million production con- Systems at Lockheed Martin Missiles the Army Tactical Missile System for the tract for Army Tactical Missile System and Fire Control. “This new feature U.S. Army and allied armies. (ATACMS) missiles for the U.S. Army will allow soldiers to address area tar- ATACMS is the only long-range tacti- and Foreign Military Sales (FMS) cus- gets at depth on the battlefield.” cal surface-to-surface missile ever em- tomers. The two-year effort contract The SLEP and new ATACMS rounds ployed in combat by the U.S. Army. More calls for new ATACMS rounds, as well will be produced at Lockheed Mar- than 540 ATACMS have been fired, and as upgrading several previous-variant tin’s Precision Fires Production Center the system has demonstrated extremely ATACMS as part of the Service Life Ex- of Excellence in Camden, Arkansas, high rates of combat accuracy. tension Program (SLEP III). U.S. To meet the increased demand The Block IA Unitary delivers a mono- “The new-build ATACMS rounds un- for ATACMS, the company is expand- lithic high explosive warhead using GPS der this contract will include sensor ing its Camden manufacturing facili- guidance and has a range of 300 kilome- technology that provides the recently ties to include the capability to pro- ters. It has vertical impact capability, and qualified Height-of-Burst capability,” duce ATACMS and other upcoming collateral damage is much less than 100 said Gaylia Campbell, vice president missiles. m from the point of impact. REGISTER TODAY FOR THE WORLD LEADING DEFENCE & SECURITY EVENT

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DSEI @DSEI_event 44 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 Reports SkyGuardian Continues On-time Development Towards First Delivery

Designed by General Atomics Aero- mitted to SkyGuardian, which is sched- MMC and our single-seat Certifiable nautical Systems, Inc. (GAASI) and now uled for first delivery in the early 2020s, Ground Control Station, we will reduce awaiting its first delivery to the Royal while the Government of Belgium has manning by 50 per cent.” Air Force (RAF), the MQ-9B SkyGuard- approved Belgian Defence to negoti- eXpeditionary Command & Control ian Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA) has ate the acquisition of SkyGuardian to (XC2): XC2 laptop leverages GA-ASI’s flown more than 100 times since its first meet the nation’s RPA requirements. Advanced Cockpit development by test flight in November 2016. GA-ASI’s RPA system is also being porting capabilities to a ruggedised Alongside the maritime surveillance considered by the Australian Defence laptop. A forward-deployed maintain- variant SeaGuardian, the SkyGuardian Force as an RPA system for Project Air er then uses automated pre-flight and is available with a multimode 360-de- 7003. post-flight checklists to reduce set-up gree Maritime Patrol Radar and a host More Affordable Situational times by up to 50 per cent, eliminating of other maritime capabilities. As part Awareness airlift requirements via a forward-de- of the Protector RG Mk1 programme, GA-ASI’s Integrated Intelligence Cen- ployed Ground Control Station (GCS). this new RPA has undergone long enter (I2C) has improved RPA user ex- Certifiable Ground Control Sta- durance testing as the first Medium- perience through automation and tion (CGCS): The CGCS reduces man- Altitude, Long-range RPA to perform a user experience-based design (UX). power requirements via single-seat trans-Atlantic flight in July 2018, while GA-ASI’s modular and open software operations, unifying ISR and C4ISR a second company-owned SkyGuard- architecture promotes horizontal in- data mission planning into a single ian was completed in September 2018 tegration of third-party software to Common Operating Picture (COP). The to support the aggressive develop- provide the ideal set of Intelligence, integrated Collins Pro Line Fusion is ment workload. Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR) CGCS-certified for national airspace “There’s no rest for these aircraft. Dassaulttools forAviation’s streamlined aircraft staticand displayimproved operation. Photo: Dassault Aviation - S. Randé They’re built to remain aloft for long collaboration. Multi-Mission Controller (MMC): En- periods of time,” said David R. Alexan- “I2C will rapidly transform data into abling a single user to control multiple der, president, Aircraft Systems, GA- actionable intelligence,” said R. Alexan- aircraft and perform ISR missions when ASI. “SkyGuardian is customisable with der. “We see benefits to the warfighter an aircraft is tasked with performing nine hardpoints and payloads to meet on many fronts, including the reduc- more dynamic ISR or a strike mission, international customer requirements.” tion of operational cost. By combining MMC allows a rapid handoff of the air- The Royal Air Force (RAF) is now com- XC2, Automatic Takeoff and Landing, craft to a dedicated GCS mission crew. 45

SkyGuardian’s European Airspace Integration On 28th-29th May 2019, the Royal Netherlands Aerospace Centre (NLR) and GA-ASI conducted a simulated flight demonstration in an ATC Tower and Terminal Approach Facility to manage the flight of a Medium-Altitude, Long-Endurance (MALE) Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA) in a busy civilian airport. The unmanned flight featured a simulated MQ-9B SkyGuardian RPA, while GA-ASI supported the 3-D mod- eling of the SkyGuardian to enable NLR and NARSIM to control the RPA as if it were any manned aircraft taking off and landing at a civil airport. MQ-9B SkyGuardian test flight NLR facilitated the demonstration, setting up seven contingency and emergency scenarios for the RPAS pilot to fly, including Loss of Propulsion, Loss of Datalink (C2 Link), Loss of Voice Com- munications, Missed Approach, Missed Departure, Airborne Traffic Conflict and Failure of the Automatic Landing Sys- tem. The simulated flights were based out of the Rotterdam Airport (EHRD) with representative civil air traffic. MQ-9B development is the result of a five-year company-funded pro- GA-ASI Ground Control Station gramme to deliver an unmanned aircraft meeting the airworthiness cer- Metis Automated Intelligence Col- ISR data for imagery analysts to utilise. tification requirements of NATO and lection Management (Metis) is a Automation of Intel Ops: Based on various civil authorities. To this end, map-based interface enabling a pre- Multi-INT data correlation Automated MQ-9B is being provisioned with a approved Metis user to request ISR Activity Alerts, I2C integrates third par- GA-ASI-developed Detect and Avoid products from the RPA, transmitted to ty capabilities and software services to (DAA) system. MMC in real time, while an integrated reduce the need for eyes-on RPA sen- The DAA system consists of a Due third party auto-router generates a sor data to pick out significant activity. Regard Radar and processor, coupled safe route to the requested target. GA-ASI has partnered with companies with an advanced Traffic alert and Col- STARE Imagery: Reducing data ex- specialising in Artificial Intelligence (AI) lision Avoidance System (TCAS II) and ploitation tasks from hours to minutes, and Machine Learning with proven AI- Automatic Dependent Surveillance- the Common Operation Picture used based systems to train their capability Broadcast (ADS-B). The new RPA is also in the System for Tactical Archival, with MQ-9, MQ-1C and Predator ISR built for all-weather performance with Retrieval and Exploitation’s (STARE) data to produce tools that are either lightning protection, damage toler- shows aircraft locations to operators operationally deployed, undergoing ance and a de-icing system. via a Multi-INT exploitation tool ab- customer operational assessment or Reference Text/Photo: sorbing, archiving and disseminating are actively flying aircraft. www.ga-asi.com 46 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 Reports Saab Adds GlobalEye to Gripen Proposal

Saab recently announced that its military operations. ational awareness. Gripen E/F carries Gripen aircraft offer to Finland, submit- Saab’s senior vice-president and head a variety of both active and passive ted in January this year, includes two of the company's Surveillance busi- measures to disrupt enemy efforts and GlobalEye airborne early warning and ness line, Anders Carp said that its offer protect itself and other friendly units. control (AEW&C) aircraft. The proposal to Finland is a comprehensive solution Gripen’s EW system acts as an elec- comprises 64 Gripen aircraft, of which for air power and air defence, respond- tronic shield to disrupt enemy’s abil- 52 are single-seat Gripen E, and 12 are ing to the requirements of the HX ity to function effectively, and can be dual-seat Gripen F. Finland has, report- programme. “GlobalEye is the world’s used either to assist in the destruction edly, stated that it is planning a pro- most advanced AEW&C solution and of enemy assets or just to reduce their curement decision in 2021. combined with Gripen E/F fighter air- understanding and ability to react. According to Saab, GlobalEye is a stra- craft, it will provide a substantial con- Thus ensuring mission success with tegic asset that provides 24/7 airspace, tribution to the joint operational capa- the latest weaponry and countermea- ground and sea surveillance in a single, bility of the Finnish Defence Forces,” he sures. multi-role solution, and its advanced added. As part of the proposal, Saab offers AEW&C can considerably increase Gripen E/F is part of the Gripen E-series the necessary equipment and associ- situational awareness and provide in- and is a new fighter aircraft system ated services to operate the aircraft creased pre-warning time to support developed to counter and defeat ad- as well as a substantial weapon and the protection of any nation’s territo- vanced future threats. The E-series is sensor package. Saab’s proposal also rial integrity. The AEW&C systems pro- a suitable solution for customers with includes an industrial co-operation vide an efficient deterrent effect whilst wider territories to secure and features programme with the aim to build enhancing and maximising the com- new more powerful engine, improved extensive national capabilities in Fin- bat effectiveness of a fighter fleet. Cur- range performance and the ability to land for the security of supply. It fea- rently, on contract production, Global- carry greater payloads. The new AESA- tures transfer of maintenance, repair Eye has an extended detection range, radar, InfraRed Search and Track sys- and overhaul capabilities to local in- endurance and the ability to perform tem, and a highly advanced electronic dustry as well as aircraft production a variety of tasks including search and warfare (EW) and communication sys- and establishment of a sustainment rescue, border surveillance and joint tems in Gripen provide superior situ- and development centre in Finland. ﻣﻌﺮض وﻣﺆﺗﻤﺮ اﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ اﻟﺪوﻟﻲ ﻟﻠﺪﻓﺎع

Bahrain International Defence Exhibition & Conference 48 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 Reports Drone Defence: From the Frontlines to the Flight Line

Asmall swarm of drones takes soldiers so they can take cover. The Ready to Take on UAS Threat flight, and picks up speed directly to- radar is being deployed as part of a But detecting and identifying a drone ward a military base. About 30 kilome- counter-unmanned aircraft system threat is not enough. You have to be tres away, a plane full of passengers re- for the battlefield. When paired with able to address it —which is why mains grounded. A drone sighting has Raytheon’s small, expendable Coyote counter-effects must be seamlessly in- halted all flights, as air traffic control UAS, normally an intelligence and tegrated and cued once there is posi- works to identify the object and make surveillance drone, KuRFS becomes a tive identification. sure skies are clear before resuming hit-to-kill kinetic interceptor that can To counter the Unmanned Aircraft Sys- operations. A frustrating experience take out small drones. The U.S. Army tems (UAS) threat, it is critical to have for the flying public. has gone further, putting Coyote and customised efforts both kinetic and From military bases to commercial KuRFS on an armoured vehicle to cre- non-kinetic. A High Energy Laser and airports, existing technologies stand ate a mobile defence system. High Power Microwave use non-ki- ready to track these drone threats, dis- Sentinel radar is a three-dimensional, netic energy to quickly and affordably able or even destroy them. phased-array radar system that oper- eliminate Group 1 and 2 UASs – small- “To defeat it, first you have to detect ates in the X-band frequency range. er, commercially-available drones. For it. This is where sensors and radars The primary mission is to automati- larger classes of drones, Groups 3-5, designed to see drone threats are cally detect, track, identify and report that pose complex, high-speed, high critical,” said Bryan Rosselli, vice presi- airborne threats, including aircraft, altitude threats, kinetic effects, such dent of Mission Systems and Sensors. cruise missiles and UAVs. as missiles, can be used to intercept a “Detecting and tracking a swarm of drones enables the next critical step— engaging it. But there is a certain level of precision required to achieve the task. Whether it’s a bird, or an F-16 or a drone, you want to have positive identification.” Raytheon has a suite of sensors and radars that have ability to do just that, from its KuRFS radar, developed on the Ku-band for highly precise non-stop surveillance of airborne objects, to its Sentinel radar. Designed and built by Raytheon, KuRFS is an advanced electronically scanned array, or AESA, radar that uses the ku-band frequency for precision tracking. One of its main missions is to provide nonstop surveillance of airborne objects, while another is to sense incoming threats such as rockets, artillery or mortars and warn MRZR CUAS solution could offer an effective defence against UAVs 49

drone. Raytheon builds on a legacy of alike. Raytheon’s Windshear system missiles and effectors to do this, from Raytheon rapidly integrates multiple counter- its Stinger missile to its Coyote UAS, drone sensor and effector technolo- which is designed to seek out another offers counter- gies to rapidly detect, track, and deter UAS threat and destroy it. drone-related threats. Expandable “There are many ways to overcome a UAS solutions and affordable, Raytheon’s command drone threat. What is really important and control (C2) solutions demysti- for any scenario, from either forward that are both fies the complex counter-UAS mission, giving operators a clear picture of the customised and battlespace. Raytheon’s Windshear C2 integrated system was uniquely designed to tie every sensor and effector together seamlessly, providing a single inter- operating base to an airport, is to look at face to detect, track and deter any the unique drone set and needs of the threat. location—and from there put together “Your ability to stand up a capability is a counter-UAS solution that is both cus- limited when you are piecing together tomised and integrated,” said Evan Hunt, individual products, but when they director of Business Development for are designed from the start to work to- High Energy Lasers at Raytheon. gether as a single system you have this This is where tying it all together be- robust solution that can quickly see comes key. Managing multiple sensors and respond,” said Todd Probert, vice and effectors requires a flexible, open-ar- president for Raytheon Intelligence, chitecture command and control system. Information and Services. Drones are an increasing presence on Whether its rogue drone sighted from a the battlefield and in civil airspace, runway, or a swarm threat headed to a posing a threat to troops and civilians military base, Raytheon is ready. 50 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 Reports Marine Corps Fields New Mobile SATCOM System

The U.S. Marine Corps recently began fielding the next generation narrowband satellite communication system, Mobile User Objective System (MUOS) that enables war-fighters to connect to networks on the battlefield. Developed by Lockheed Martin and fielded in the first quarter of 2019, the MUOS can provide satellite communication capabilities to both sta- tionary and mobile units and allows them to leverage cellular technology thereby access to voice and data communication while using the network. The MUOS is said to revolutionise secure ultra-high frequency (UHF) satellite communications (SATCOM) for mobile forces by allowing radio terminal users with the mobile, tactical, sea or air operations to seamlessly connect around the globe and into the Global Information Grid. It also con- (UHF) satellite system. Each MUOS band Radio II Family of Systems at Ma- nects Marine Corps units to the De- satellite has two payloads supporting rine Corps Systems Command (MCSC) fence Switching Network. The MUOS’s both WCDMA waveform capabilities confirmed that the Corps is leading all new capabilities include simultaneous and the legacy UHF satellite commu- services in terms of getting MUOS to crystal-clear voice and video transmis- nications system, which is still used warfighters and said “MUOS is another sion and mission data on a high-speed by many mobile forces today. This way for warfighters to communicate in Internet Protocol-based system. dual-payload design ensures a smooth a tactical environment and the system The MUOS network is sustained by an transition to the cutting-edge WCDMA brings SATCOM capabilities in various initial configuration of four orbiting technology from the legacy system. formats to the Marines.” satellites (MUOS 1-4) and four relay Once operational, MUOS will provide The MUOS reportedly improves over- ground stations, as well as an on-orbit 16 times the capacity of the legacy sys- all reliability in various environments, spare, MUOS-5, which ensure the net- tem it will eventually replace. be it urban area, challenging vegeta- work is always available to support The Marine Corps is the first service to tion, or other arduous geographical the U.S. and allied mobile forces. They widely employ MUOS and it is deploy- and weather conditions. The MUOS are equipped with a Wideband Code ing thousands of antenna kits for the features encompass updated firmware Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) AN/PRC-117G radio system and hun- to the AN/PRC-117G radio system and payload that provides more than 10 dreds of diplexers that enable vehicu- one of three antenna kits. The anten- times the communications capacity lar systems to access MUOS satellites. nas help Marines simultaneously ac- over the current Ultra High Frequency Eddie Young, project officer of Multi- cess SATCOM networks and secure and 51

In May 2018, at a Narrowband Work- ing Group conference in Colorado, the Joint Staff J6 and the DOD Chief Infor- mation Officer recognised MCSC for the services in employing MUOS and emphasised the joint effort between the Multiband Radio II team and the Naval Information Warfare Centre in using the Multiple Reconfigurable Training Systems, an interactive training aid that will be used to assist in the rapid fielding of MUOS. The MUOS is an advanced narrowband tactical satellite communications system, designed and delivered by Lockheed Martin to U.S. Navy in order to improve secure mobile satellite communications. The company MUOS Infographic has collaborated with the U.S. Navy’s Communications Satellite Programme non-secure internet access. Marines to access ultra-high frequen- Office, PMW 146, to hand over full op- Noah Slemp, systems engineer at cy tactical satellite communications. erational control of the MUOS satellite MCSC, says that MUOS is essentially According to MCSC, they have re- to the Naval Satellite Operations Cen- software and an antenna capability ceived a lot of positive feedback from ter (NAVSOC). According to Lockheed augmenting existing hardware, and the Marine Corps. Before fielding, the Martin, the MUOS satellite’s network is similar to adding an application to a MCSC had to demonstrate the MUOS already offers near-global coverage, cell phone. to the Milestone Decision Authority to including communications into polar The Growing Importance of ensure the system was safe, met tech- regions. It has also demonstrated its SATCOM nical performance and was ready for ability to successfully communicate Satellite Communication is becoming use by the warfighter. The Field User integrated broadcast service (IBS) more and more important for military Evaluation of MUOS was conducted in messages. operations, and is increasingly impor- 2017, and since then the Marines have Text / Photo Credit: tant for the Marine Corps in the 21st been very vocal about its benefits to www.dvidshub.net century. According to the Department field operations. www.lockheedmartin.com of Defense (DOD), more than 50 per cent of its satellite communication involves narrowband communication, yet it forms less than 2 per cent of the DOD’s bandwidth. This makes narrowband communication an efficient way to transmit information. According to Slemp, the MUOS is particularly important because the SAT- COM infrastructure of the legacy system is nearing its expiration. Hence, the Marine Corps intends to incremen- tally replace the older capabilities with the MUOS waveform, enabling more 52 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 Reports

Diehl Defence Signs Multiple Contracts at Paris Air Show

At the Paris Air Show, Diehl De- At the end of the 1980s, Diehl already Franco-German Industrial fence and Roxel France signed an produced the U.S. developed MLRS Cooperation agreement to cooperate in the field rockets in large quantities for the Brit- At the Paris Air Show, Diehl Defence of artillery rockets. The partners sup- ish, German, French and Italian armed and Safran Electronics & Defence port efforts in Europe to set up a pro- forces under license and later also designed an agreement on the develop- duction line for artillery rockets of the veloped a GMLRS warhead solution ment of a tactical air-to-ground weap- GMLRS (Guided Multiple Launch Rock- with intelligent submunition for the on system for flying platforms. et System) weapon system of U.S. ori- German Bundeswehr. Based on experience gathered in re- gin, which is in use in many countries. A European production line for 110 cent missions, the lightweight weapon Some of the features of the GMLRS in- mm practice rockets is to be set up system with the designation HUSSAR clude that it is persistent, responsive, soon to be able to meet current and is to combine the benefits of a larger all-weather, rapidly-deployable, and expected future requirements in Ger- loadout with the capability to even can be used for long-range, surface-to- many and France. The cooperation engage time-sensitive targets. The surface, and precision-strike capabil- between Diehl Defence and Roxel is 'scalable effects' warhead will be opti- ity. It can be fired from both the MLRS an important initial step to achieving mised for the engagement of station- M270 family of launchers and the High high security of artillery rocket ary and moving targets while avoiding Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HI- supply in Europe. In the fu- collateral damage in complex mission MARS) launchers, plus it has 2 pods ture, industrial partners scenarios. An innovative navigation carried by the M270 launchers and 1 from other countries will platform in conjunction with various pod carried by the HIMARS launchers. also be able to partici- seeker options, including semi-active Furthermore, more than 40,000 Guid- pate in the laser sensor, will enable highly precise ed MLRS rockets have been produced, programme. target engagement. the Guided MLRS rockets have a reli- HUSSAR will be carried by a smart ability rating exceeding 98 per cent, multi-launcher, which will consider- and an Extended-Range Guided MLRS ably increase typical aircraft loadout rocket is in development. with up to 8 effectors. System design will focus on the requirements of current and future platforms, such as the planned Franco-German next-generation fighter aircraft or the European unmanned MALE (Medium Altitude Long Endurance) system. The cooperation between Diehl De- fence and Safran Electronics & Defence provides advantageous synergies for the joint project and is planned as Franco-German cooperation in accordance with the Aachen Treaty. 53

HENSOLDT Launches the Future of Signals Intelligence

HENSOLDT recently debuted a ful- frequency range from 20 MHz to 40 cased comprised of the combined ly integrated signals intelligence (SI- GHz. By means of automated resource technologies of GEW Technologies, GINT) system named ‘Kalaetron Inte- allocation and software-defined tasks, Kelvin Hughes (a Hensoldt Company) gral’, at the Paris Air Show. The system communications and radar signals can and EUROAVIONICS GmbH. enables detection and deep analysis be not only detected, analysed and The portfolio presented includes the of both communications and radar monitored by a single system, but also AESA-based Spexer radar with elec- signals in an unprecedented band- the relationships between those emis- tronic beam scanning as well as the width by a single integrated system. It sions can be evaluated; i.e. Kalaetron TwInvis passive radar. Another part of is part of HENSOLDT’s Kalaetron elec- Integral fulfils missions which current- HENSOLDT’s display was dedicated to tronic warfare product family. ly require the deployment of several airborne solutions, including the fam- “With Kalaetron Integral we are giv- specific COMINT and ELINT systems. ily of Lightweight Crash Recorders, the ing an answer to the challenges SI- It uses artificial intelligence (AI) algo- ARGOS and GOSHAWK helicopter gim- GINT systems are facing,” said Celia rithms to identify new threat patterns bals and the MILDS missile warning Pelaz, Head of Spectrum Dominance/ from a huge amount of collected raw system family. Airborne Solutions. “Communications data and depicts an Electronic Order Among the security solutions pre- and radar frequency bands are merg- of Battlefield (EOB) during the mission. sented were the GEW SkyScan 7X ing more and more, so that SIGINT As a modular system, the new Kalae- drone and pilot locating system, and systems need to cover extremely large tron product line is available in a wide the Xpeller Counter UAV suite. Also bandwidths and to distinguish differ- variety of configurations, responding highlighted was the company’s Ly- ent types of signals with utmost preci- to different customer requirements. It garion, which is a family of wide-band sion. Furthermore, in current scenarios can be installed on a wide variety of line-of-sight data link solutions that the knowledge about the interaction platforms such as business jets, trans- enable secure exchange of real-time of communications and radar sig- port aircraft and UAVs. data between airborne assets as well nals is a valuable asset for battlefield At the Paris Air Show, the sensor solu- as maritime platforms and deployable dominance.” tions house also presented its port- ground control stations. Its potential Thanks to its fully digital design, Kala- folio of airborne and air surveillance, roles include intelligence, surveillance, etron Integral detects emitters incred- self-protection and data link solutions reconnaissance, and secure command ibly quickly over an extremely wide as well as radars. The solutions show- and control platforms, and weapons.

Kalaetron Integral SIGINT system enables detection of communication and radar signals by the same hardware 54 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 Reports

Indra Develops Anti-Drone Strategy Indra recently revealed a strategy in the millions that can be incurred fering with radar and electronic sys- that will protect critical infrastruc- by the mere presence of such aircraft, tems, including their own aircraft. tures, airports, official buildings and either by pilot error or with hostile or For this to be effective, the collabora- public events from the increasing illicit intent. tion of governments, security forces threat that the next generation of Indra highlighted that the strategy to and operators, regulators, system drones are set to bring. The popular- follow to defend any space must be manufacturers and researchers will ity and accessibility of these aircraft based on three basic principles: adap- be essential. The regulatory frame- continues to grow. In the future, these tation to the specific needs of the envi- work must clarify who can use an anti- systems will also have an increasingly ronment being protected; integration drone system, under what conditions advanced range, navigation and load- and combined use of different sensors and to what extent. The procedures to ing capabilities. and countermeasures; and redundant be followed in each scenario must be To counter them "the rapid and con- use of sensors in terms of both number agreed upon depending on the type stant development of anti-drone sys- and location. of threat. tems is necessary, a pace that only To counteract them, there must be sur- Indra paid special attention in its few companies in the world like Indra veillance systems capable of detecting analysis to the case of airports, in will be able to match", the company and identifying small drones. These which the anti-drone system will explained at the recently concluded systems must cope with different strat- have to be integrated with air traffic Countering Drones event in London, egies of deception, concealment or management (ATM) and unmanned attended by leading European tech- even jamming that specialised attack- aircraft management (UTM) systems nology, regulatory bodies and end ers can develop. to discriminate the authorised ones users. The anti-drone systems must identify from those which may constitute a Indra is one of the leaders in this mar- their type fast, even the drone model, real threat. ket with the ARMS system, a technol- and classify it as a friendly or enemy The countermeasures that are used in ogy that it has already supplied for model. this environment must be especially military use. The system will incorporate highly tar- precise so as not to affect security or Incidents such as those experienced geted and effective soft countermea- interrupt the service. In the military en- at the Gatwick and Heathrow airports sures, something especially important vironment, the same applies to its in- recently have highlighted the losses for their use at airports to avoid inter- tegrated use with air defence systems. 55 Czech Republic Chooses TITUS

Nexter, a KNDS company and an Mobility and Versatility identify a large part of the field of ac- European leader in land defence, re- TITUS is the latest generation of 6x6 tion in modern hybrid conflicts Thanks cently took part in the signature cer- armoured vehicles, conceived by Nex- to its integrating architect skills, the emony of the acquisition of 62 TITUS ter to provide support and transport group offers operators increased op- armoured vehicles at the Czech Minis- vehicles needs of modern armies of- erational capacities: on the ground try of Defense (MoD). fering high level of protection, mobil- with a Nerva robot (IED detection, sus- Czech MoD has ordered three vari- ity and versatility, as well as controlled picious object), upwards with a cap- ants of TITUS: Commanding Post ownership cost. TITUS’ mobility chain tive drone (charging autonomy, cyber (CP), Transmissions, and Artillery Fire was developed in cooperation with protection) and further more with an Coordination Post. TITUS is perfectly Czech supplier Tatra Trucks. A “Home- autonomous drone. suited to interventions in the most land Security” kit is available, answer- The operator, equipped with a con- difficult environments and this ar- ing more specifically to the needs of nected headset and a tablet, teleoper- moured vehicle with extreme mobil- police and security forces. ates weapons systems (medium-sized ity, can be controlled remotely by its Through the TITUS mission orches- cupola) from inside or outside of the crew. tration the Group demonstrates all combat vehicle. ELDIS (CSG Group), Nexter’s partner its expertise to combine the best of With the future integration of the OP- for this Czech Republic project, car- technology in the field of vetronics, TIO robotic system to the TITUS mis- ries the main contract with the MoD connected vehicles (continuity of sion orchestration, Nexter Group has and will organise the licensed local combat mounted/dismounted), on- taken a new step towards the devel- production. This order has paved the board simulation, robotics and com- opment of hybrid operating systems way for a successful European indus- mand systems, for greater operational in which the supervised autonomy of trial cooperation, combining in a bal- efficiency. drones and satellite robots provides anced manner the know-how of all Mastering the entire spectrum of the the means (sensors and effectors) of involved partners. land sector gives Nexter the ability to higher operational efficiency. 56 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 Reports

Saudi Arabia and Paramount Collaborate on Defence and Security

Saudi Arabian Military Industries in helping to achieve the objectives of and his economic development plan.” (SAMI) and Paramount Group recently Saudi Vision 2030. This will contribute Ichikowitz added: “Paramount Group’s announced the signing of a high-level significantly to further enhancing the portable manufacturing model has defence collaboration agreement, in capability of Saudi Armed Forces and been successfully implemented in step with Saudi Arabia’s vision for the increasing local content, in addition a number of countries around the creation of an integrated defence in- to creating new job opportunities and world. Over the years, we have refined dustrial ecosystem. training for Saudi youth to increase this model, which is now perfectly The multiple collaboration agreement their contribution and raise their role aligned with the declared intent of between SAMI and Paramount Group in this vital industry and the national Saudi Arabia. Where many organisa- will see the development of technolo- economy in general. “ tions are still learning this approach, gies and capabilities across the land, Group Chairman of Paramount Group, Paramount Group has been imple- sea and air domains, as well as system Ivor Ichikowitz, said: “Saudi Arabia is menting projects on this basis for integration, in support of Vision 2030, important to Paramount Group as many years and is a viable major part- Saudi Arabia’s economic development much of the technology that we have ner even in the most sophisticated plan, which has set an objective to in- created over the years has been devel- markets.” crease the domestic share of military oped with the Middle East in mind. We Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 also points equipment expenditure to 50 per cent share the vision of the Crown Prince out that existing Saudi defence com- by 2030. panies have tended to focus on less CEO of SAMI, Dr. Andreas Schwer, said: complex processes such as supplying “The collaboration between SAMI and Paramount Group will play a large part 57

spare parts and manufacturing basic in 2016, and the Mbombe 6x6, which The Mbombe 4 has been designed to ammunition. Vision 2030 envisages has entered service. The Mbombe accommodate a wide range of pay- the domestic manufacture of much 4x4 completes the highly advanced loads and turrets. The onboard mis- more complex, higher-value military Mbombe family of combat vehicles, sion computer and interface system equipment, such as aircraft, sup- designed to optimally meet the in- is able to integrate with both Western ported by the development of an increasing demand for outstanding pro- and Eastern-made weapon systems. tegrated national network of services tection, yet versatility in conventional The vehicle is further fitted with the and industries. and asymmetric warfare, counter ter- latest generation navigational, crew SAMI was created to lead this re- rorism and peacekeeping missions. comfort and security systems, with structuring of Saudi Arabia’s mili- Displaying a striking new design, examples including a driver-assist tary manufacturing capability which packed with the latest technolo- camera system, winterisation kit, ve- is expected to contribute SR14bn gies and capabilities required for the hicle location and tracking systems, a (US$3.7bn) to the country’s GDP by modern battlefield, the Mbombe 4 NATO standard tow-hitch, radios and 2030, create over 40,000 jobs for offers high levels of protection, mo- intercoms systems and a Central Tyre Saudi engineers and technicians, and bility and flexibility. The platform of- Inflation System (CTIS). invest SR6bn (US$1.6bn) in research fers ballistic and and development. mine protection (e.g. Launched in May 2017, SAMI is a crew compartment state-owned military industries STANAG 4569-Level company working under the direc- 3, blast protection tives outlined in the Saudi Vision STANAG 4569-Level 2030. Aiming to be among the top 4a & 4b) and protec- 25 military industries companies in tion against a 50kg the world by 2030, SAMI is expected TNT side blast or to play a key role in localising 50 per IED/roadside bomb. cent of the Kingdom’s total govern- Its applique armour ment military spending. packages can pro- SAMI is combining the latest technol- vide higher levels ogies and the best national talents to of ballistic protec- develop military products and ser- tion (up to level 4) vices at par with international stan- and mine protec- dards across four business divisions tion as required by – Aeronautics, Land Systems, Weap- the customer. Other ons and Missiles, and Defense Elec- key features of the tronics. The company is also focused Mbombe 4 include on increasing exports and bringing a burst speed of foreign investment to the Kingdom’s 140km/hr, ensuring military industries sector. exceptional levels of UAE Opts for the Versatile mobility, a unique, Mbombe rear-door ramp de- During the recently concluded IDEX sign proven in com- 2019, the UAE announced the acqui- bat on 6x6 and 8x8 sition of Paramount Group’s newly IFVs, with the vehicle launched, next generation armoured fully operational in personnel carrier, the Mbombe 4. winter conditions of The Mbombe 4 is drawing on the -20 Celsius to desert heritage of the Mbombe 8x8, now conditions of +55 in production following its launch Celsius. Ivor Ichikowitz at AAD, South Africa 58 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 Reports

Boeing Forecasts US$8.7 Trillion Aerospace Defence Market by 2028

and more balanced between replacement and growth than ever before,” said Boeing Chief Financial Officer and Executive Vice President of En- terprise Performance & Strategy Greg Smith at the 2019 Paris Air Show. Boeing has also unveiled its 2019 Commercial Market Outlook (CMO), one of the most comprehensive analysis of the commercial aviation industry and a longer-term forecast showing rising passenger volumes and increasing airplane retirements driving the need for 44,040 new jets, valued at US$6.8 trillion over the next 20 years and up 3 per cent from a year ago. The global commercial airplane fleet will also sustain the need for aviation services valued at US$9.1 trillion for a total commercial market opportunity of US$16 trillion until 2038. “Notwithstanding some recent mod- eration in passenger and cargo traffic According to the Boeing Market of defence and space opportunities growth, all indications are pointing Outlook (BMO), the growing aero- as governments modernise military to our industry sustaining its unprec- space and defence market is being platforms and systems, pursuing new driven by a strong commercial avia- technologies and capabilities while tion industry, stable defence spend- accelerating exploration from sea to ing and the requirement to service all space. Spanning military aircraft, au- platforms throughout their lifecycle. tonomous systems, satellites, space- Up to US$8.7 trillion from $8.1 trillion craft and other products, projected a year ago, the BMO includes a US$3.1 spending continues to be global in trillion projected demand for com- nature with 40 per cent of expendi- mercial airplanes through 2028 as tures expected to originate from out- operators replace older jets with more side of the United States. capable and fuel-efficient defence, “Aerospace and defence continues space and commercial platforms, so to be a healthy and growing industry expanding their fleets to accommo- over the long term, boosted by strong date the steady rise in air travel across fundamentals across the commercial, emerging and established markets. defence and services sectors and de- The BMO also projects US$2.5 trillion mand that is geographically-diverse 59

edented streak of profitable expan- forecasts demand for 8,340 new pas- ing to providers to offer solutions that sion,” said Boeing Commercial Market- senger airplanes costing more than help them serve their customers more ing Vice President, Randy Tinseth. “The US$2.6 trillion over the next twenty efficiently and reliably.” healthy market fundamentals will fuel years because a significant wave of A US$2.4 trillion market for mainte- a doubling of the commercial fleet older airplanes will soon need to be re- nance and engineering has also been over the next two decades and a mas- placed. Operators are expected to need forecast to maintain or restore aircraft sive ecosystem of lifecycle solutions to 1,040 new large production freighters airworthiness, systems, components maintain and support it.” over the same forecast period. and structures, alongside the US$1.1 Forecasters say 44 per cent of new The global airplane fleet will continue trillion market for flight operation airplane deliveries will go towards to demand significant aviation ser- services for the flight deck, cabin ser- replacing aging aircraft with the new vices, including supply chain support vices, crew training/management and jets support an average 4.6 per cent (parts and parts logistics), mainte- airplane operations. Although North growth in passenger traffic and aver- nance and engineering services, air- America and Europe round out the top age 4.2 per cent growth in cargo traf- craft modifications and airline opera- three regions for future growth, China fic. The global commercial fleet is tions. Over the next 20 years, Boeing and the Asia Pacific region will con- hence expected to pass the 50,000 forecasts a US$9.1 trillion market for tinue to lead the way, accounting for mark for the first time to reach 50,660 commercial aviation services growing 40 per cent of total airplane deliveries airplanes by 2038. at 4.2 per cent annually. and 38 per cent of total services value. The biggest airplane segment remains “This is a very dynamic and exciting mar- The world’s growing commercial fleet single-aisles such as the 737 MAX, as ketplace driven by new technology and will require a larger supply of pilots, operators are projected to demand a relentless drive for greater efficiency, technicians and crews and Boeing’s 32,420 new airplanes. This US$3.8 tril- reliability and safety,” said Boeing VP, 2019 Pilot and Technician Outlook lion market is driven in large part by Tinseth. “We see operators using drones forecasts the civil aviation industry to the continued strength of low-cost to inspect airplanes, and manufacturers need nearly 2.5 million new aviation carriers, healthy replacement demand delving into data analytics for insights to personnel up until 2038. and continuing growth in Asia Pacific. improve airplane maintenance and per- Reference Text/Photos: In the widebody segment, Boeing formance. Above all, operators are look- www.boeing.com

787 Dreamliner is the preferred aircraft for medium to long-haul flights 60 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 Reports

Rostec Showcases Ansat Copter and Wide Range of Military Ware

Russian Helicopters Holding Com- ensure flights in accordance with in- products. The Ku-band satellite company (part of Rostec State Corpora- strument flight rules. The helicopter munication system was created for tion) presented the light multi-pur- also has a weather radar, enhanced Ansat and integrated into its avion- pose Ansat helicopter equipped with ground proximity warning mod- ics. It ensures data transmission and the new Mku30 satellite communica- ule, wreck-resistant fuel system, LED reception at the speed up to 2 Mbps tion system at the 53rd International lighting tools, and a wire cutter regardless of helicopter's location. We Paris Air Show held from June 17 to for wire strike protection. Moreover, plan to offer this system as an option 21, 2019. The machine has new design there are changes in the helicopter for all civil helicopters of the Holding solutions and options which will be design. It has modified tail boom fins Company," said Andrey Boginsky, Di- introduced into serial production in from composite materials and heated rector General of Russian Helicopters. the coming years. bird strike resistant glass. The Mku30 satellite communication Rostec also exhibited over 1,000 piec- "The Holding Company actively de- system allows single-point and multi- es of military equipment at ARMY- velops the introduction of modern point video conferencing on board, 2019 Forum which was held in KubinKubin-- satellite communication systems for smooth real-time transmission of kka,a, near Moscow in June end.end. helicopters. We entered into an agree- selected amounts of data and high- AnsatAnsat dedemonstratedmonstrrata ede iinn ParisParis waswas ment with the MOST satellite systems quality video content. equippedequipped withwith newnew avionicsavviiono iics whichwhich company on joint promotion of these Ansat helicopters manufactured by

Ansat helicopter at Paris air show in a livery colour scheme representing both the Russian and French flags 61

the Kazan Helicopter Plant displayed at the static exposition, took part in the flight programme of the air show. Both helicopters have been painted specifically for the Paris Air Show with a livery colour scheme representing both the Russian and French flags. The fuselage of each helicopter comes with a curly gymnastic ribbon, symbolising the beauty and harmony of the flight of rotorcrafts. The grace of Russian Ansats was emphasised by the athletes from the Tatarstan national rhythmic gymnastics team, who performed an artistic programme Mku30 satellite communication system allows single-point and during the day at the static exposition multi-point video conferencing on board of Russian Helicopters. The light multi-purpose Ansat helicopter, which has the largest cabin within its class, is actively used by the Russian air medical services. This twin-engine helicopter has compact size and does not require a large landing area. It can also be used for normal passenger and VIP transport, cargo delivery and environmental monitoring. High-altitude tests of Ansat have been successfully completed, which confirmed the possibility of its use in mountainous terrain at altitudes up to 3,500 metres. The helicopter can be operated in a temperature range between -45 and +50 degrees of Celsius. Its significant advantage is the possi- Medical Ansat presented at the air show was bility of storage out of the hangar and equipped with a certified Austrian-made medical module low cost of operation. "The European premiere of Ansat is Ansat was released to the internation- senger transport will be delivered for especially important for us, as it will al markets in 2018 at the Airshow Chi- the Mexican company Craft Avia Cen- demonstrate our competence in the na and Russian Helicopters signed a ter by 2020. After a demonstration field of civilian helicopter building at contract for delivery of 20 helicopters tour to China, Vietnam, Cambodia, one of the most prestigious air shows of this type to the Chinese Emergency Thailand and Malaysia at the end of in the world," said Director General of and Disaster Relief Association during 2018, negotiations with potential cus- Russian Helicopters Andrey Boginsky. 2019-2020. Ansats will be delivered to tomers from the Southeast Asia region The medical Ansat presented at the the client in a multipurpose configura- are proceeding. The last time Russian- air show this year was equipped with tion and the validation of the Chinese made civil rotorcraft participated in a certified Austrian-made medical type certificate for this helicopter is Paris Air Show was 30 years ago in module that meets all international currently being finalised. 1989, when Mi-17-1VA 'Ambulatory' air ambulance standards. Moreover, an Ansat equipped for pas- was demonstrated. 62 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 Reports

Rostec exhibited over 1,000 pieces of military equipment at ARMY-2019 Russia is a regular participant of the sidelines of the Forum. The level of Systems, UralVagonZavod, Tecmash, Paris air show – the first Russian air- representation of partner countries TsNIITochMash, Russian Helicopters, craft presented in France was the Tu- was quite high this year and over 30 United Engine Corporation, KRET, polev ANT-35 in 1936. In 1965, the So- of them were headed by defence Ruselectronics, Shvabe and Avtoma- viet Union brought the Mi-6, Mi-8 and ministers, their deputies and chiefs of tika, were present at the Forum. Mi-10 helicopters for the first time at the general staff. We displayed over Among the new products present- the Paris Air Show. 1,000 pieces of advanced weapons, ed at the Rostec’s exhibition were Rostec’s Strong Show at Kubinka armour, helicopter, artillery and other the unmanned 57 mm autocannon In June end at ARMY-2019 forum, Ku- technology. We demonstrated mod- module AU-220M for land and naval binka, near Moscow, Rostec featured ern ammunition, domestic firearms, platforms, POST-ZM signals intelli- over 1,000 pieces of weapons, mili- communication, electronic warfare gence station, Sosna missile system tary and special equipment, including and intelligence systems. Russia con- on the tracked BMP-3 chassis, Ty- tanks, IFVs, helicopters, UAVs, artillery fidently continues to occupy second phoon-K armoured vehicle with Kor- systems and ammunition, advanced place in the world by the volume of net-EM ATGM, military robot system firearms, communications equipment, arms exports. In 2018, Rosoboronex- Paladin, new 125 mm tank ammuni- EW systems and many more. port’s deliveries amounted to US$13.7 tion, Korsar UAV and new firearms, Representatives of the State Corpora- billion and export portfolio exceeded including several modifications of tion and its holding companies held US$50 billion, which are a new record the Udav pistol. negotiations with potential partners for us. In many ways, these numbers The International Military-Technical and took an active part in the activities are achieved via active marketing Forum ARMY-2019 was held during of the business programme. through such platforms as the Army June 25-30 at the Patriot Congress “This year we’ve invited delegations Forum”, said the CEO of Rostec Sergey and Exhibition Centre of the Russian from over 100 countries to take part Chemezov. armed forces in Kubinka. Around 1,500 in ARMY-2019 and official meetings All key holding companies of the companies and over one million peo- were held with 70 of them on the corporation, such as High Precision ple attended the Forum.

64 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 Reports

Elettronica to Provide Cutting-Edge

Eurofighter Jagdflugzeug GmbH, EUROJET Turbo GmbH and NETMA, the NATO Eurofighter & Tornado Man- agement Agency, recently signed contracts together worth €53.7 million to support the long-term development of the Eurofighter Typhoon combat aircraft. The study contracts, which look at the Long-Term Evolution (LTE) of the aircraft and the EJ200 engine, will span a total of 19 months for the aircraft and nine months for the engine elements. The objective of the study is to offer an operational and technological development of the platform to counter the continuous threats evolution and to allow the highest and effectiveness operational level for the entire life of the platform, estimated until 2050. Within the framework of this contract, a fundamental part is related to the study for the updating of the Praetori- an Defensive Aids Sub System (DASS). Elettronica (ELT), together with other Eurodass partners, will work to define a new solution based on the cutting- maximum range. Designed in close portant assets in the future operating edge technologies and advanced en- partnership with the EuroDASS con- environment,” said Herman Claesen, gineering architecture solutions. Prae- sortium partner, it reached the third CEO, Eurofighter. “We look forward to torian is the EW Self-Protection Suite stage of its development and it is working with our core nations to de- in which ELT is the design authority of undergoing an important DASS En- termine what this aircraft needs to be the Electronic Attack component. hancement programme in order to doing in the next couple of decades,” DASS, currently installed on the Euro- assure the EW protection against new he added. fighter Typhoon, provides protection generation radar threat. Field-proven “We are delighted to begin a new against air-to-air and surface-to-air in several operations, Praetorian is in chapter in the development of the threats, by monitoring and proac- constant evolution and supported by Eurofighter Typhoon. The LTE study tively responding to the operational ELT and its EuroDASS partner across contracts will set out a clear roadmap environment. It contains Electronic the Air Forces users of Typhoon. for the future of the platform that Support Measures, missile warning, “These contracts represent a signifi- will make it relevant and resilient for on-board electronic countermea- cant step in shaping the future of the decades to come,” said Lt.Gen. Salves- sures and towed radar decoys to de- Eurofighter Typhoon and will ensure troni, NETMA General Manager. tect, evaluate and counter threats at it continues to be one of the most im- Looking to the Typhoon programme, 65

Solutions for Eurofighter

“we have delivered 558 aircraft and High Technology Areas Being freshed cockpit displays and controls, achieved over 550,000 flight hours. Explored which will enable more demanding mis- On the operational side, the UK Royal Mission System Architecture: The sions in the future, whilst ensuring full Air Force’s Centurion project upgrade Eurofighter Typhoon already has one interoperability with cooperating assets is in service, providing the capabilities of the world’s most advanced Elec- in the air and over land and sea. of the now-retired Panavia Tornado. tronic Warfare systems. The LTE study Operational Flexibility: Applying new Elements include the integration of will reinforce this by supporting the adaptive power and cooling techniques MBDA’s Brimstone 2 and Storm Shad- generation, transmission and utilisa- and facilitating the agile integration of ow air-to-surface weapons, and Me- tion of ever-increasing amounts of advanced weapons, thereby enabling teor air-to-air missile. This capability is digital data both onboard (via ad- more flexible store configurations to be quite exceptional, and already proven vanced multi-spectral sensors) and flown. in theatre with good feedback,” said offboard (via high performance tac- Engine Performance: In terms of Claesen. tical datalinks), whilst remaining re- the EJ200 engine, the focus is on four The DASS activity boosts the ability silient to new and emerging threats, key areas – thrust growth; range and to guarantee the platform the devel- including cyber. This will maintain persistence with increased parts life; opment of increasingly demanding Eurofighter’s ability to operate in the survivability as well as control system and critical operational missions. The highly contested and congested fu- enhancements. LTE activity, and therefore also the ture operating environment. Clemens Linden, CEO of EUROJET said: DASS one, represents a great oppor- The Praetorian Defensive Aids Sub “Together with further life extension tunity and can be the "technological System (DASS): Looking at potential measures and the development of a bridge" for next evolution of the sixth- future DASS requirements out to 2050, future maintenance strategy based on generation jet fighter. Elettronica will enabling Typhoon to cope faster, easier in-service experience, the LTE contracts support this strategic programme by and more affordably with new require- are the first step towards ensuring that making available its expertise, consol- ments to counter threats as they arise in Eurofighter’s combat strength can be idated over 70 years of world leader- the future. maintained and fully exploited through- ship in electronic warfare. The Human-Machine Interface: Re- out the first half of the 21st century.”

Eurofighter Typhoon already has one of the world’s most advanced EW system. Copyright Eurofighter-Giovanni Colla 66 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 Issue File

Humanitarian and Developmental Role of UAE in Yemen

The UAE is at the forefront of the ment and service projects that put the Al Nahyan, President of the UAE, may countries that provide humanitar- country on the road to construction, God protect him. Sheikh Zayed was ian and developmental support for reconstruction, development and keen on the security and stability of Yemen. This aims to ensure Yemen’s progress. Yemen. In December 1986, he went to security and stability, and help it over- UAE’s Objectives of the Humanitar- Yemen, specifically to Marib, to launch come the difficult challenges it faces ian Support for Yemen the project to revive the Marib Dam, at different levels. Since the launch of The UAE’s support for brotherly Ye- in view of its historical significance. Operation Restoring Hope by the Arab men stems from several principles and The project was preceded and fol- Coalition for the restoration of legiti- foundations, mainly: lowed by many support programmes macy in Yemen in April 2015, the UAE 1. The UAE’s principles of supporting and projects. This policy continued has supported this operation. It has and defending the right. These prin- after Sheikh Zayed, and the UAE is ever since kept launching humani- ciples were established by the late now working to provide economic, tarian initiatives aimed at alleviating Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, political, security and military sup- the sufferings of the Yemeni people may God rest his soul, and upheld by port to Yemen. During his reception and implementing many develop- His Highness Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed of HE Sultan Al Barakani, Speaker of 67

the Yemen House of Representatives, HH Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi and Deputy Supreme Commander of the UAE Armed Forces, affirmed that "Preserving the security and stability of Yemen and supporting its brotherly people is one of the firm tenets of the UAE since the era of the late Sheikh Zayed .” 2. Ethical commitment to alleviate the suffering of the brotherly Yemeni people, especially in the provinces and cities that suffer from deteriorat- ing living conditions and scarcity of relief materials. 3. Providing support for Yemen's security and stability. The UAE adopts a comprehensive vision of the situation in Yemen, which stems from interde- pendence between humanitarian, political, security, military, economic, and development aspects. The Nature of UAE’s Humanitarian Role in Yemen The humanitarian role of the UAE in Yemen is comprehensive. It did not only provide food and medicines, but also helped reconstruct Yemen after the war. The UAE’s humanitarian role in Yemen aims at: 1. Quick response to the humanitarian needs of the Yemeni people, including food and non-food items, shelter materials and medicines. The UAE has built an air and sea bridge for the purpose of transporting relief aid and foodstuffs in an unprecedented humanitarian gesture. 2. Rehabilitation of many institutions and facilities that were destroyed by the Houthi terrorist organisation. This has helped to restore stability to many areas in Yemen. 3. Contribution to the reconstruction of the infrastructure destroyed by the Houthi strikes, especially in the sectors of health, education, electricity 68 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 Issue File

and water, which are critical sectors cent is no secret. The authority has in- erance 2019, the UAE Red Crescent for the population. tensified its relief and development ef- Authority provided a package of as- 4. Responding to the aspirations of forts in the governorates and cities of sistance to the Yemeni people, includ- the Yemeni people in construction Yemen in the context of the effective ing educational and health projects and development, which is clear from humanitarian role it plays to alleviate and food baskets. In January 2019, the volume of development projects the suffering of the brotherly Yemeni the UAE Red Crescent Authority also financed by the UAE during the past people. It has launched several proj- dispatched food and relief convoys four years in the main sectors. ects in various sectors to improve the to remote areas, nomadic places and UAE Humanitarian Institutions Sup- basic services needed by the Yemeni dialysis centres in several districts of porting Yemen people, especially water, which is the Shabwa governorate, including the The most important feature of the lifeblood of the country. Rehabilitation and Care Center for the UAE's humanitarian role in Yemen On the occasion of the Year of Tol- Disabled and the Oncology Unit. In is that it is an institutional endeavour. The country's various charitable and humanitarian institutions are involved in supporting Yemen, such as the UAE Red Crescent, the Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan Foundation and the Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum Humanitarian and Charity Establish- ment, in addition to Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan Charitable and Humanitar- ian Institutions, Sultan bin Khalifa Al Nahyan Humanitarian and Scientific Foundation, Suqaya Emirates, Rahma Charity, Sharjah Charity House, and other humanitarian institutions and associations. The role played by the UAE Red Cres- 69

July 2019, the UAE Red Crescent Au- thority launched an integrated solar water-pumping unit in the areas of Dhara and Ma'arabah at the Nisab Di- rectorate in Shabwa. The Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan Foundation has also carried out several initiatives towards Yemen. It sent dozens of cargo planes and ships carrying thousands of tonnes of relief materials to the Yemeni people. While the Mohamed bin Rashid Al Maktoum Humanitarian and Charity Establish- ment provided many relief items, including hundreds of tonnes of basic foodstuffs. Mother of the Nation’s Initiatives to Support Children and Women in Yemen Her Highness Sheikha Fatima bint Mubarak, President of the General Women's Union, President of the Su- preme Council for Motherhood and Childhood, and Supreme Chairperson of the Family Development Founda- tion (Mother of the Nation), has given a high priority to support women and children in Yemen. She has provided support for 15 projects in Aden and neighbouring governorates, covering health, education, social, water, electricity and energy, as well as supporting women, rehabilitating people with disabilities and improving shelter services in re- conditions of children and women in launched under the directives of His mote areas. She has supported two areas of crisis and conflict. Highness Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed centres for women and obstetrics, as UAE Humanitarian Initiatives Ease Al Nahyan, President of the UAE, and well as the Commercial Institute in Suffering Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed. Three Khor Maksar and the Industrial Voca- Since the launch of Operation Deci- months after the start of Operation tional Institute. In addition, the UAE sive Storm in March 2015 to July 2019, Decisive Storm, emergency food and Red Crescent Authority launched the the UAE launched several humanitar- medical aid were provided to the largest relief campaign for 10 million ian initiatives aimed at alleviating the brotherly Yemeni people, who suffer Yemeni victims. suffering of the Yemeni people on the from severe food and drug shortages. Her Highness Sheikha Fatima's sup- one hand and helping them to start The initiative of Sheikh Khalifa for port for women and children in Ye- development and reconstruction ef- the Red Crescent to provide treat- men embodies the values and mean- forts on the other. These include: ment of 1,500 wounded Yemenis af- ings her Highness strives to achieve, Launching an air and sea aid bridge fected by the war. especially the improvement of the for the Yemeni people: This was Awnak Ya Yemen Campaign: Based 70 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 Issue File

on the directives of Sheikh Khalifa, cluded all vital sectors in Yemen, includ- Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Mak- ing emergency support programmes, toum, Vice President and Prime Minis- and air and sea bridges to provide relief ter of the UAE and Ruler of Dubai, and for war-affected areas. These sectors Sheikh Mohamed, the UAE Red Crescent included food aid, social, health, educa- launched, in August 2015, a large hu- tion, sports and energy sectors, as well manitarian campaign under the banner as providing support for airports and o f "Your Aid Yemen" aimed at seaports. standing by and helping UAE’s Role in the Coordination of Interna- the Yemeni people. tional Humanitarian Efforts in Yemen In November The UAE has played a vital role in coor- 2018, the UAE dinating the humanitarian efforts aimed and Saudi at alleviating the suffering of the broth- Arabia erly Yemeni people. It has provided various types of support to UN organisations, whether by providing financial support or by concluding cooperation agreements or memorandums of understanding in the field of humanitarian and relief work. At the Conference on Donor Pledges to Help Yemen, organised by the launched United Nations in February 2019, the the "Imdad" UAE expressed its determination to initiative, in co- support development in Yemen and operation with the to provide full support for a long-term World Food Program reconstruction. It pledged US$500 mil- and other international lion to Yemen in 2019. Funding includes organizsations, to pro- grants to the UN agencies to support vide food needs for Yemen on a bilateral basis and finance 10-12 million Yemeni ambitious programmes to support sta- people bility, in cooperation with many Yemeni Collective Wedding Ini- and international partners. tiative: In June 2019, the Responding to the United Nations UAE Red Crescent organised humanitarian appeal to support the the 14th collective cel- Yemeni people. The UAE was at the ebration in Yemen and the forefront of supporting countries, with fourth in Mukalla in Hadra- aid amounting to AED 2.853 billion. mout governorate for 200 The support for World Food Pro- young men and women, as gramme (WFP) to fight hunger in part of the mass weddings Yemen: This support is not limited to held by Sheikh Mo- generous donations and relief, but also hamed. involves cooperation in the form of sus- Areas of Human- tainable programmes that will help the itarian and De- organisation to play its role fully. velopment Sup- Cooperation between the UAE Red port for Yemen Crescent Authority and the World The UAE assistance in- Health Organization to distribute med- 71

erly Yemeni people to overcome the humanitarian challenges they have faced in the past few years. In January 2019, UNHCR praised the efforts of the UAE Red Crescent Authority in Yemen. David Paisley, Executive Director of the WFP said, in February 2019, that the UAE is a leading model of humanitarian phi- lanthropy worldwide. On the sidelines of the World Summit of the Governments of Dubai, he said that the UAE possesses great awareness of the crises in the region and is working to respond to them in modern and innovative ways. Conclusion The active humanitarian role of the UAE in Yemen is of vital importance, not only because it responds to ur- gent humanitarian needs in many of the country's affected areas but also because this role seeks to support development and reconstruction efforts in Yemen. Indeed, the UAE has been a pioneer in dealing with the humanitarian and development challenges facing Yemen in the past years. It is therefore natural that the UAE was the world's largest donor in the field of emergency humanitarian assistance to the Yemeni people in 2018. Therefore, the image of the UAE will continue to be deeply rooted in the hearts and memories of the Yemeni people. During his visit to Abu Dhabi in July 2019, His Excel- lency Sultan Al Barakani, Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Republic of Yemen, lauded the ical assistance and supplies to 20 health Lives and Early Recovery for Children UAE’s supportive positions for legit- centres in 10 Yemeni governorates. and Women Affected in Yemen". imacy in Yemen at all levels. He as- In October 2017, the UAE Ministry Increasing International Appreciation serted, "history will commemorate of Foreign Affairs and International Many Arab and international organ- the UAE’s noble stand and support Cooperation signed a cooperation isations have praised UAE’s role in for the Yemeni people and its pro- agreement with the United Nations Yemen. This is because the country tection of Yemen’s Arab identity and Children's Fund (UNICEF) on "Saving contributed to helping the broth- history." 72 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 Research

Air Force One: The Past, Present

No matter where in the world the President of the United States travels, if he flies in an Air Force jet, then that plane is called Air Force One. Techni- cally, Air Force One is the call sign of any Air Force aircraft carrying the Pres- ident but in practice, Air Force One is used to refer to one of two highly customised Boeing 747-200B series aircraft carrying the tail codes 28000 and 29000, while the Air Force designation for the aircraft is VC-25A. Air Force One is one of the most rec- ognisable symbols of the U.S. presi- dency, spawning countless references, not just in American culture but across the world. Emblazoned with the words “United States of America”, the Ameri- can flag and the Seal of the President of the United States, it is an undeniable presence wherever it flies or docks. Capable of refuelling mid-air, Air Force One has unlimited range to carry the President wherever he needs to travel. The onboard electronics are hardened to protect against an electromagnetic pulse, while Air Force One is equipped with advanced secure communications equipment to allow the aircraft have been used over the years, with Air Force One Features to function as a mobile command the first of the current aircraft being Other than the number of passengers centre in the event of an attack on the delivered in 1990 during the adminis- carried, the principal differences be- United States. tration of President George H. W. Bush. tween the VC-25 and the standard Boe- Air Force One is maintained and oper- Through the Jet Age, from President ing 747 are the electronic and commu- ated by the Presidential Airlift Group, Roosevelt in the 20th century to Don- nications equipment, self-contained part of the White House Military Of- ald Trump in this one, Boeing airplanes baggage loader, front and aft air-stairs fice. The Airlift Group was founded in have been transporting U.S. presi- and in-flight refuelling capability. 1944 as the Presidential Pilot Office at dents across the world. Now the U.S. Inside Air Force One, the President the direction of President Franklin D. Air Force has announced that it will and his travel companions enjoy 4,000 Roosevelt. For the next 20 years, vari- continue the Boeing tradition with square feet of floor space on three ous propeller-driven aircraft served the 747-8 replacing the two 747-200s levels, including an extensive suite for the President. In 1962, President John currently serving as the presidential the President that features a large of- F. Kennedy became the first President Air Force One fleet to mark more than fice, rest room and conference room. to fly in his own jet aircraft, a modified half a century of Boeing presidential Air Force One also features a medical Boeing 707. Several other jet aircraft service. suite that can function as an operating 73 and Future of the Flying Oval Office

747 Roll-out

Fuselage

room, while a doctor is permanently nicknamed the "Sacred Cow" entered President Dwight D. Eisenhower trav- on board and the plane’s two food service for President Franklin D. Roos- elled aboard a VC-121A and VC-121E preparation galleys can feed 100 peo- evelt. As Roosevelt’s successor, Presi- from 1953-1961, both nicknamed "Col- ple at a time. dent Harry S. Truman used the aircraft umbine II" and "Columbine III". These In addition, the VC-25-‘Air Force One’ extensively during the first two years two aircraft were named after the of- boasts quarters for those who ac- of his administration. ficial state flower of Colorado in hon- company the President, including On 26th July 1947, President Truman our of Mrs. Eisenhower’s home state. senior advisors, Secret Service offi- signed the National Security Act on While the call sign "Air Force One" was cers, the travelling press corps and board the Sacred Cow to establish first used in the 1950s, President Ken- other guests. Typically, multiple cargo the U.S. Air Force as an independent nedy's VC-137 was the first aircraft to planes fly ahead of Air Force One to service. Nicknamed "Independence”, be popularly known as "Air Force One". provide the President with the ser- the VC-118 appeared soon after to As arguably the best known and most vices he requires in remote locations. transport President Harry S. Truman historically significant presidential air- A Historical Snapshot during the period 1947-1953, with its craft, a VC-137C specifically purchased For the United States, Presidential air name coming from President Truman’s for use as Air Force One entered into transport began in 1944 when a VC-54 hometown of Independence, Missouri. service in 1962 with the tail number 74 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 Research

26000. This aircraft carried President maintained by the Presidential Airlift of some 50,000 Boeing staff. Called Kennedy to Dallas on 22nd November Group and assigned to Air Mobility "the Incredibles", these construction 1963 and returned the body of the Command's 89th Airlift Wing located workers, mechanics, engineers, secre- president to Washington D.C. follow- at Joint Base Andrews, Maryland. The taries and administrators made avia- ing his assassination. VC-25A hence continues the unique tion history by building the largest ci- Lyndon B. Johnson was sworn into mission of presidential travel, uphold- vilian airplane in the world in less than office as the 36th President of the ing the proud tradition and distinction 16 months during the late 1960s. United States on board the aircraft at of being known as "Air Force One". The incentive for creating the giant Love Field in Dallas. In 1972, President The 747 itself was the result of the work 747 came from reductions in airfares, Richard M. Nixon made historic visits aboard 26000 to the People's Repub- lic of China and to the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Tail number 27000 replaced 26000 and carved its own history when it was used to fly Presidents Nixon, Ford and Carter to Cairo on 19th October 1981 to represent the United States at the funeral of Egyptian President Anwar Sadat. The first VC-25A, with tail number 28000, flew as "Air Force One" on 6th September 1990, when it transported President George Bush to Kansas, Flor- ida and back to Washington D.C. A second VC-25A with tail number 29000 transported Presidents Clinton, Carter and Bush to Israel for the funeral of President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s Douglas C-54 Skymaster aircraft, nicknamed the Sacred Cow Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin. Tail number 29000 also carved its name in history on 11th September 2001 when President George W. Bush was interrupted during a visit to Emma E. Booker Elementary School in Sara- sota, Florida, following the attack on the World Trade Centre South Tower in New York City. Despite increased threats, the aircrew safely returned the President and staff members back to Washington D.C. On 23rd March 2016, tail number 28000 had the honour of transporting President Barack H. Obama on a historic trip to Cuba. It was the first visit by a sitting U.S. president since President Calvin Coolidge in 1928. The 747 “Incredibles” U.S. President Donald Trump disembarking Air Force Today, these aircraft are operated and One in Germany for the G20 Summit, July 2017 75

a surge in air-passenger traffic and was hence to develop a completely presidential airplane for nearly 30 increasingly crowded skies. Yet follow- new plane. That is to say that other years. ing the loss of the competition for the than the engines, the designers pur- The 747-400 was then rolled out in C-5A, a gigantic military vessel, Boeing posefully avoided using any hardware 1988. Its wingspan is 212 feet (64 set out to develop a large advanced developed for the C-5. metres), with 6-foot-high (1.8-metre- commercial aircraft to take advantage 747-8: The Next Air Force One high) "winglets" on the wingtips. of the high-bypass engine technology In 1990, two 747-200Bs were modified The 747-400 was also produced as developed for the C-5A. to serve as Air Force One and replaced a freighter, a combination freighter The design philosophy behind the 747 the VC-137s (707s) that served as the and a passenger model, but was produced without the winglets in a special domestic version for shorter-range flights. In November 2005, Boeing presented the 747-8 family. These aircraft had 51 additional seats and 26 percent more revenue cargo volume than the 747-400. In 2018, the U.S. Air Force awarded a contract to the Boeing Company to design, modify, test, certify and deliver two presidential, mission-ready aircraft by 2024. The contract action for- malises President Trump’s agreement reached with Dennis Muilenburg, Boeing’s President, Chairman and CEO on 20th February 2018, setting a price of US$3.9 billion for the two completed Air Force One replacement aircraft and saving the taxpay- The VC-118 used primarily by President Truman ers over US$1.4 billion. This contract modification is firmly price-fixed and contains over-and- above provisions to address both presidential quality items, with an additional test effort induced by the government above the planned programme baseline. Consequently, the U.S. Air Force is collaborating with Boeing on the VC-25B programme to deliver the next Air Force One fleet by 2024. When the 747-8 takes flight as the next Air Force One, Boeing airplanes will mark more than half a century of presidential service through the Jet Age. Reference Text/Photos: www.boeing.com www.af.mil The VC-121 Columbine III used by President Eisenhower www.whitehouse.gov 76 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 Research

Effects of War on Soldiers

Soldiers do not only suffer dur- and followed by operational plans that it can paralyse entire groups. Hence, ing wars, but their suffering can also aim to maintain the psychological well- it is necessary to pay attention to continue afterwards. Therefore, they being and morale of the personnel. The these obstacles and handicaps and require attention and care for a long most important of these plans have address their complications through time, because of the psychological and been included in studies of interna- modern scientific methods. How- physical impact caused by the war, in tional writers who visited battlefields ever, the awareness of the effects of addition to the spread of diseases, in several regions and learned how to psychological stress, caused by wars, such as tuberculosis (TB), which is apply practical and rapid psychological dates back. This was pointed out in known to spread easily among people. protection techniques. manuscripts dealing with the wars Wars cause a lot of health problems, Needless to say that the ancient gen- of the Greeks. However, the actual such as: heart disease, asthma, and erations assessed the losses of wars realisation of these risks only crystal- foot injuries as a result of exposure to from the perspective of material losses lised in the early 17th century when cold weather, humidity, and unhealthy and the number of dead and wounded doctors and leaders in the Swiss Army conditions. soldiers, without taking into account were alerted to the diminished ability Modern armies have become aware of the psychological disabilities that of the military to fight during one of the psychological traumas suffered by may occur to entire regiments due to the battles because of their negative fighters in wars. These psychological shocks or unexpected incidents. The thinking and lack of motivation. This traumas have effects that are similar to psychological impact that such shocks condition was known as the “Swiss dis- physical injuries and disabilities. Stud- may have on the fighters may be far ease”, which was described as a stress- ies of fighting soldiers were carried out worse than physical injuries, because induced disease characterised by 77

anxiety and fear of disability or death. stress which fighters are trained to your body, lowering your heart rate Later, this phenomenon was known by face do not cause negative reactions. and blood pressure, and winding back various names, such as “nostalgia for Rather, they may be a catalyst for more down to its normal balance. the home”, “battle fatigue” and other steadfastness and sacrifices. Neverthe- Immobilisation occurs when you have phrases that translate the effects of less, individual growth or upbringing, experienced too much stress in a situ- negative war pressures. DNA fingerprinting and other personal ation and even though the danger has Psychologists emphasise the fact that factors may play an important role in passed, you find yourself “stuck.” Your the pressures of war begin and in- the level of personal reaction to pres- nervous system is unable to return to tensify when a fighter encounters an sures and surprises. Military units are its normal state of balance and you are emergency condition that forces him provided with psychologists to serve unable to move on from the event. This to make an immediate change in his as emergency teams that provide rap- is PTSD. behaviour and thinking in order to id psychological care when needed. Recovering from PTSD involves tran- cope with emergency requirements. These teams employ drug therapy as sitioning out of the mental and emo- It is a change that poses cognitive, be- well as rapid behavioural psychother- tional war zone you are still living in havioural and emotional challenges. apy based on applying modern scien- and helping your nervous system be- This type of pressure is natural and tific methods to change the negative come “unstuck.” predictable for the trained military thinking and troubled behaviour of Symptoms to Look Out for who are supposed to overcome it ef- those who suffer from such disorders. While you can develop symptoms of fectively and successfully. It has been Understanding PTSD PTSD in the hours or days following scientifically proven that the combat PTSD is also sometimes known as shell a traumatic event, sometimes symp- capabilities and incentives of the ma- shock or combat stress and occurs af- toms don’t surface for months or even jority of combatants in war increase ter you experience severe trauma or a years after you return from deploy- in the face of high pressure. However, life-threatening event. It is normal for ment. While PTSD develops differently certain conditions, such as the light- your mind and body to be in shock af- in each veteran, there are symptom ning attacks imposed by some battles, ter such an event, but this normal re- clusters: expose fighters to shocks and traumas sponse becomes PTSD when your ner- Recurrent, intrusive reminders of the that may undermine their tolerance or vous system gets “stuck.” Your nervous traumatic event, including distressing ability to pursue their tasks. They may system has two automatic or reflexive thoughts, nightmares, and flashbacks develop a state of grief and panic, their ways of responding to stressful events. where you feel like the event is hap- behaviour and thinking may become Mobilisation, or fight-or-flight, occurs pening again. You may experience unstable and they become depressed when you need to defend yourself or extreme emotional and physical reac- or hostile. survive the danger of a combat situ- tions to reminders of the trauma such These symptoms are classified as post-“ ation. Your heart pounds faster, your as panic attacks, uncontrollable shak- traumatic stress disorder” (PTSD), a blood pressure rises, and your muscles ing, and heart palpitations. term used by psychiatrists to describe tighten, increasing your strength and Extreme avoidance of things that re- the reaction of some individuals to reaction speed. Once the danger has mind you of the traumatic event, in- emergent events. The pressure and passed, your nervous system calms cluding people, places, thoughts, or 78 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 Research

or the rhythm of your breathing, or the feeling of the wind on your skin. Many veterans with PTSD find that sports such as rock climbing, box- ing, weight training, and martial arts make it easier to focus on your body movements—after all, if you do not, you could injure yourself. Whatever exercise you choose, try to work out for 30 minutes or more each day—or if it’s easier, three 10-minute spurts of exercise are just as beneficial. Pursuing outdoor activities in nature like hiking, camping, mountain biking, rock climbing, white water rafting, and skiing can help challenge your sense of vulnerability and help you transition back into normalcy. Self-regulate Your Nervous System PTSD can leave you feeling vulnerable and helpless. Nevertheless, you have more control over your nervous system than you may realise. When you feel agitated, anxious, or out of control, these tips can help you change your arousal system and calm yourself. Mindful breathing: To quickly calm yourself in any situation, simply take 60 breaths, focusing your attention on each ‘out’ breath. Sensory input: Just as loud noises, certain smells, or the feel of sand in your clothes can instantly transport you back to the combat zone, so too Getting regular exercise has always can sensory input quickly calm you. been key for veterans with PTSD Everyone responds a little differently, situations you associate with the bad can even help your nervous system so experiment to find what works best memories. This includes withdrawing become “unstuck” and move out of for you. Think back to your time on de- from friends and family and losing inter- the immobilisation stress response. ployment: what brought you comfort est in everyday activities. Exercise that is rhythmic and engages at the end of the day? Perhaps it was Combating PTSD both your arms and legs—such as run- looking at photos of your family. Alter- Get moving: Getting regular exercise ning, swimming, basketball, or even natively, listening to a favourite song, has always been key for veterans with dancing—works well if, instead of or smelling a certain brand of soap? PTSD. As well as helping to burn off continuing to focus on your thoughts Or maybe petting an animal quickly adrenaline, exercise can release endor- as you move, you focus on how your makes you feel calm? phins and improve your mood. More- body feels. Reconnect emotionally: By recon- over, by really focusing on your body Try to notice the sensation of your necting to uncomfortable emotions and how it feels as you exercise, you feet hitting the ground, for example, without becoming overwhelmed, 79

ists call this “dual awareness.” Dual awareness is the recognition that there is a difference between your “ex- periencing self” and your “observing self.” On the one hand, there is your internal emotional reality: you feel as if the trauma is currently happening. On the other hand, you can look to your external environment and recognise that you are safe. You are aware that despite what you are expe- riencing, the trauma happened in the past. It is not happening now. If you are starting to disassociate or experience a flashback, try using your senses Pursuing outdoor activities can help challenge sense of vulnerability to bring you back to the present and “ground” yourself. Experiment to find you can make a huge difference in body—and your mind. what works best for you. your ability to manage stress, balance Take time to relax: Relaxation tech- Survivor’s Guilt your moods, and take back control of niques such as massage, meditation, Feelings of guilt are very common your life. or yoga can reduce stress, ease the among veterans with PTSD. You may Connect with People symptoms of anxiety and depression, have seen people injured or killed, of- Connecting with others face to face help you sleep better, and increase ten your friends and comrades. In the does not have to include a lot of talk- feelings of peace and well-being. heat of the moment, you don’t have ing. For anyone with PTSD, it’s impor- Find safe ways to blow off steam: Pound time to fully process these events as tant to find someone who will listen on a punching bag, pummel a pil- they happen. However, later—often without judging when you want to low, go for a hard run, sing along to when you have returned home— talk, or just hang out with you when loud music, or find a secluded place to these experiences come back to haunt you don’t. That person may be your scream at the top of your lungs. you. significant other, a family member, Support your body with a healthy Honestly assessing your responsibil- one of your friends from the service, or diet: Omega-3s play a vital role in ity and role can free you to move on a civilian friend. emotional health so incorporate foods and grieve your losses. Even if you Take Care of Your Body such as fatty fish, flaxseed, and wal- continue to feel some guilt, instead of The symptoms of PTSD, such as insom- nuts into your diet. Limit processed punishing yourself, you can redirect nia, anger, concentration problems, and fried food, sugars, and refined your energy into honouring those you and jumpiness, can be hard on your carbs, which can exacerbate mood lost and finding ways to keep their body and eventually take a toll on your swings and energy fluctuations. memory alive. For example, you could overall health. That’s why it’s so impor- Get plenty of sleep: Sleep depriva- volunteer for a cause that is connected tant to take care of yourself. tion exacerbates anger, irritability, and in some way to one of the friends you You may be drawn to activities and moodiness. Aim for 7 to 9 hours of qual- lost. The goal is to put your guilt to behaviours that pump up adrenaline, ity sleep each night. positive use and thus transform a trag- whether it is caffeine, violent video Dealing with Flashbacks edy, even in a small way, into some- games, driving recklessly, or daredevil For those with PTSD, flashbacks usually thing worthwhile. sports. After being in a combat zone, involve visual and auditory memories Seek Professional Treatment that is what feels normal. Neverthe- of combat. It feels as if it is happening You do not have to try to handle the less, if you recognise these urges for all over again so it is vital to reassure burden of PTSD on your own. PTSD what they are, you can make better yourself that the experience is not oc- treatment can help you regain a sense choices that will calm and protect your curring in the present. Trauma special- of control over your life. The primary 80 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 Research

Psychological support teams provide protection from psychological disorders, and contribute effectively to U.S. Army Reserve Soldiers complete a Post-Deployment Health Reassessment maintaining high treatment is psychotherapy but can of guided eye movements that help also include medication. Combining you process traumatic memories and morale these treatments can help improve change how you react to them. your symptoms. All these approaches can help you gain Psychotherapy control of lasting fear after a traumatic Several types of psychotherapy, also event. You and your mental health gravation of the psychological dis- called talk therapy, may be used to professional can discuss what type of order, if any, troubled persons are treat children and adults with PTSD. therapy or combination of therapies kept in their positions in the front Some types of psychotherapy used in may best meet your needs. You may line close to their unit, and are not PTSD treatment include: try individual therapy, group therapy moved to the back lines. This theory Cognitive therapy: This type of talk or both. Group therapy can offer a way of psychology was learned from the therapy helps you recognise the ways to connect with others going through experiences of World War I, where of thinking (cognitive patterns) that similar experiences. it was then proven that the soldiers are keeping you stuck — for example, Medications who were transferred to the rear negative beliefs about yourself and Several types of medications can help rows to calm them were unable to re- the risk of traumatic things happen- improve symptoms of PTSD: gain their mental health and re-join ing again. For PTSD, cognitive therapy Antidepressants: These medications their units. However, it was observed often is used along with exposure can help symptoms of depression and that those soldiers who were treated therapy. anxiety. They can also help improve in combat positions improved rapid- Exposure therapy: This behavioural sleep problems and concentration. ly and managed to return to service. therapy helps you safely face both Anti-anxiety medications: These drugs The pressures of war have a negative situations and memories that you find can relieve severe anxiety and related impact on the military in general frightening so that you can learn to problems. Some anti-anxiety medica- that cannot be ignored. However, cope with them effectively. Exposure tions have the potential for abuse, so taking into account the complica- therapy can be particularly helpful they are generally used only for a short tions of this impact and the magni- for flashbacks and nightmares. One time. tude of the losses it can cause, helps approach uses virtual reality pro- Preventing Long-Term Effects to remedy them and prevent their grammes that allow you to re-enter Psychological support teams in wars long-term effects. Fortunately, mod- the setting in which you experienced also provide protection from psycho- ern armies are deeply aware of the trauma. logical disorders, and contribute ef- importance of providing psychologi- Eye movement desensitization and fectively to maintaining high morale cal protection to their personnel. reprocessing (EMDR): EMDR com- by providing soldiers with positive Reference Text/Photo: bines exposure therapy with a series thinking. In order to prevent the ag- www.army.mil Strategic Partner 82 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 Technology Leonardo Unveils Largest-Ever Drone

“The Falco Xplorer”

A Remotely Piloted Aircraft System Show 2019. Powered by a conven- (GSE) and two Aircrafts, designed in (RPAS), the Falco Xplorer is the new tional aviation engine and offering accordance with NATO STANAG 4671, Leonardo solution for persistent multi- 24-hours-plus duration, it gathers in- now awaiting military certification sensory strategic surveillance. A state- formation far over the horizon, relayed to fly for NATO countries. Relocation of-the-art system, Xplorer provides in real time via secure satellite connec- of the Xplorer system is unproblem- Leonardo’s customers with persistent, tion to C4I centres. atic for customers because its logistic actionable Intelligence Surveillance Typical system configurations include footprint is kept to minimum and the and Reconnaissance (ISR). a Ground Control Station (GCS) con- whole system can be relocated via Leonardo introduced the Falco Xplor- nected to a Ground Data Terminal ISO-668 air transportable containers in er as its largest-ever RPAS at Paris Air (GDT), a Ground Support Equipment a few hours. 83

The Falco Xplorer system aims to fulfil Leonardo has designed the new RPAS Key Features dual-use requirements covering 24/7, baseline ‘Block 10’ equipment taking - State-of-the-art RPAS all-weather persistent regional surveil- advantage of Leonardo’s world-class - Maritime and Overland, long lance for wide-ranging missions and in-house electronics portfolio. In of- range, ISR missions military roles (theatre persistent multi- fering a comprehensive Intelligence, - Operates for over 24h, up to spectral surveillance). Its government Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR) 30,000 ft missions include border patrolling, capability over land and sea, this high - Low Overall Life Cycle Costs coastal watch, illegal immigration pre- level integration offers the dual ben- - Undergoing Military Type vention, law enforcement, critical in- efits of a highly capable and effective Certification according to frastructures surveillance, EEZ surveil- system at a competitive price. STANAG 4671 lance and environmental monitoring. Multispectral Sensor Suite - Payload capability at the top The unmanned aircraft features a V- Delivering customers an unparalleled, of its segment: 350Kg. shaped tail boom, a pusher propel- customisable situational awareness ler and retractable landing gear, with and payload capability, Leonardo’s open architecture integrating various broad multispectral sensor suite is biano T80UL Multimode SAR Radar, payloads. The new drone has a payload composed of a multifunction Synthet- LEOSS electro-optical turret, SAGE capacity of 350kg, more than 24-hours ic Aperture Radar (SAR), an electro- electronic intelligence (ELINT) system flight time and a satellite communica- optical multi-sensor gyro-stabilised and an automatic identification sys- tions capability for beyond-radio-line- turret and a Signal Intelligence Suite. tem (AIS) for maritime use. of-sight operations within a 1.3-tonne The sensor suite can also be adapted Gabbiano T80UL Radar maximum-take-off weight (MTOW). in-line, including for integrating third- The Gabbiano Family provides a cost- The production advantage is that party sensors, while the platform’s effective state-of-the art, X-Band ra- Leonardo designs everything in- Ground Control Station (GCS) allows dar solution for at-sea, on-land and house, from the aircraft itself to the operators to control the aircraft and its coastline surveillance in all-weather sensor suite, mission system and sensors, incorporating data exploita- conditions. A high level of modular- ground control station. Hence, Falco tion tools and enabling the dissemina- ity and flexibility allows for operation Xplorer will be offered both as an inte- tion of useful information to wider C5I on-board Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, grated platform and a fully managed systems. as well as both fixed and rotary wing information-superiority service with The platform also provides mission manned platforms. Leonardo operating the aircraft and data analysis, mission planning, train- Gabbiano Ultra-Light provides long- its sensors while managing logistics ing and simulation capabilities. It and short-range surveillance capabili- to provide actionable information di- comes equipped with Leonardo’s Gab- ties for both civilian and military forc- rectly to the customer. “Leonardo invests continuously in new capabilities to ensure we position the right products in the right markets”, assures Leonardo CEO, Ales- sandro Profumo. “The Falco Xplorer is designed to be extremely competitive in its category, building on the experience we’ve gained working with Falco family customers over a number of years and on our company’s strengths in the unmanned domain, we expect to increase our share of the unmanned systems market.” In the belief that unmanned capability should go beyond the aircraft, Falco Xplorer is powered by a conventional aviation engine with endurance over 24 hours 84 ISSUE 571 AUG 2019 Technology

Falco Xplorer is undergoing Military Type Falco Xplorer Ground Control Station Certification according to STANAG 4671 es. With a high level of modularity and flexibility, the system is suited for operation aboard mini/small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs and fixed or rotary-wing small-manned platforms). Although installing a payload aboard mini and small manned/ unmanned platforms is challenging, Gabbiano Ul- tra-Light provides a solution in its 24kg weight, powered from a single 28VDC power supply source, providing top- capability performance for those plat- Falco Xplorer features a V-shaped tail boom, a forms with demanding installation pusher propeller, and retractable landing gear constraints. The Ultra-Light provides enabling the user to classify the SAGE ELINT system the features necessary for Homeland intercepted targets. SMTI and sev- SAGE is a digital ESM/ELINT (Elec- Security missions, primarily aimed at eral standard beaconmodes are also tronic Intelligence) for RF intelligence, border protection or Combat Search available to complete the Search & surveillance and reconnaissance mis- & Rescue missions where high-resolu- Rescue features (SST-181X, DO-172 sions, offering both single and multi- tion modes (Spot Synthetic Aperture and SART classes), while a dedicat- platform geo-location of RF assets, Radar and Strip Synthetic Aperture ed search mode is optimised for Oil parallel wideband and channelised Radar) provide a sub-metric resolution Spill Detection. receivers. It delivers instantaneous de- over wide swath areas, while GMTI The Air-to-Air mode allows detec- tection and ELINT analysis for a range mode allows detection of moving tar- tion and high-resolution imaging of of aircraft from tactical UAVs and light gets on ground and unique patents or air targets, with crew navigation aid helicopters to larger reconnaissance owned proprietary techniques have provided through ground mapping, and maritime patrol aircraft. been developed for High Resolution doppler beam sharpening, weather SAGE analyses the electromagnetic Radar Imaging. (compliant with civil certification spectrum across land, sea and air to Gabbiano Ultra-Light is ideal for standard) and beacon modes. Lat- map the source of active emissions Search & Rescue and long-range est high computational capabilities via highly-accurate Direction Find- maritime surveillance missions guarantee wide growth and custom- ing (DF) antennas building target with TWS and high-resolution ISAR isation by software updates. locations and providing situational 85

Technical Specifications Length: 9 m Wingspan: 18.5m Height: 3.8m MTOW: 1300kg Performances Endurance >24h Max Payload >350Kg Ceiling >30.000ft Link Range RLOS & BLOS (SATCOM)

Nations MONUSCO humanitarian mission and deployed for the Euro- pean Union’s Frontex surveillance awareness. Supplying advance threat payloads, the Xplorer features seam- research programme. Today more warning while cueing other sensors, less airport and airspace operations than 50 Falco RPAS are currently its state-of-the-art Electronic Support integration and reduced logistic foot- engaged on operations world-wide, Measures (ESM) can be fitted and con- print. Falco thus delivers higher-tier some directly operated by custom- figured for all platforms. performances at lower LCC than simi- ers and others owned and operated SAGE’s favourable SWaP (Size, Weight lar class systems. by Leonardo on behalf of customers. and Power) characteristics enable Ground Control Segment Following the unveiling, the new integration with other sensors and The Ground Control Station enables RPAS will undertake a series of trials mission systems, providing packag- mission planning and rehearsal, pre- this year, capped off by a flight cam- ing opportunities on many platforms flight system check, mission manage- paign with the platform’s fully-inte- including small UAVs to eliminate spe- ment, flight plan re-tasking, mission grated sensor suite on-board to be cialist ESM platforms and reduce costs, playback and simulation for crew mis- delivered to its launch customer as while its innovative SWaP provides a sion training. Command-and-control early as 2020. The Falco Xplorer has dual role ESM/ Radar Warning receiver. in real-time secure satellite datalink been designed from the ground-up The sensors integrated through the allows operational ranges spanning to access the widest possible market powerful mission management sys- beyond the usual line-of-sight. and is undergoing certification for tem draw upon Leonardo’s manned The surveillance flight plan flies auto- flight in non-segregated airspace, and unmanned experience, providing matically along the preprogrammed meaning Leonardo can to pitch it to standardised protection from cyber- route including the take-off and land- civil customers, such as coastguards attacks. ing phases, with manual override pos- and emergency responders, as well Falco’s Air Segment sible at any time. Off-line data evalu- as the military market. The Xplorer’s superior performance ination and processing is also available As the Falco Xplorer system is entire- volves a flexible configuration accom- for further diffusion through the C4I ly designed and manufactured in Eu- modating several sensors/payloads network in STANAG format, while real- rope, it is not subject to International to relieve crew workload. Assisted time data can be received by small Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) and automatic flight management front-line units via Remote Video Ter- restrictions, while its technical char- includes automatic take-off/landing minals (RVT). acteristics place it within the Missile and real-time-target data-processing, Falco Family Technology Control Regime (MTCR) dissemination and exploitation of au- The original Falco was chosen by class II category. These credentials tomatic area-surveillance modes. five nations but its successor, Falco make the Falco Xplorer readily ex- Easily adapted to integrate specific EVO, has been chosen for the United portable around the world.