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An Implementation of Python for Racket
An Implementation of Python for Racket Pedro Palma Ramos António Menezes Leitão INESC-ID, Instituto Superior Técnico, INESC-ID, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa Universidade de Lisboa Rua Alves Redol 9 Rua Alves Redol 9 Lisboa, Portugal Lisboa, Portugal [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT Keywords Racket is a descendent of Scheme that is widely used as a Python; Racket; Language implementations; Compilers first language for teaching computer science. To this end, Racket provides DrRacket, a simple but pedagogic IDE. On the other hand, Python is becoming increasingly popular 1. INTRODUCTION in a variety of areas, most notably among novice program- The Racket programming language is a descendent of Scheme, mers. This paper presents an implementation of Python a language that is well-known for its use in introductory for Racket which allows programmers to use DrRacket with programming courses. Racket comes with DrRacket, a ped- Python code, as well as adding Python support for other Dr- agogic IDE [2], used in many schools around the world, as Racket based tools. Our implementation also allows Racket it provides a simple and straightforward interface aimed at programs to take advantage of Python libraries, thus signif- inexperienced programmers. Racket provides different lan- icantly enlarging the number of usable libraries in Racket. guage levels, each one supporting more advanced features, that are used in different phases of the courses, allowing Our proposed solution involves compiling Python code into students to benefit from a smoother learning curve. Fur- semantically equivalent Racket source code. For the run- thermore, Racket and DrRacket support the development of time implementation, we present two different strategies: additional programming languages [13]. -
Bringing GNU Emacs to Native Code
Bringing GNU Emacs to Native Code Andrea Corallo Luca Nassi Nicola Manca [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] CNR-SPIN Genoa, Italy ABSTRACT such a long-standing project. Although this makes it didactic, some Emacs Lisp (Elisp) is the Lisp dialect used by the Emacs text editor limitations prevent the current implementation of Emacs Lisp to family. GNU Emacs can currently execute Elisp code either inter- be appealing for broader use. In this context, performance issues preted or byte-interpreted after it has been compiled to byte-code. represent the main bottleneck, which can be broken down in three In this work we discuss the implementation of an optimizing com- main sub-problems: piler approach for Elisp targeting native code. The native compiler • lack of true multi-threading support, employs the byte-compiler’s internal representation as input and • garbage collection speed, exploits libgccjit to achieve code generation using the GNU Com- • code execution speed. piler Collection (GCC) infrastructure. Generated executables are From now on we will focus on the last of these issues, which con- stored as binary files and can be loaded and unloaded dynamically. stitutes the topic of this work. Most of the functionality of the compiler is written in Elisp itself, The current implementation traditionally approaches the prob- including several optimization passes, paired with a C back-end lem of code execution speed in two ways: to interface with the GNU Emacs core and libgccjit. Though still a work in progress, our implementation is able to bootstrap a func- • Implementing a large number of performance-sensitive prim- tional Emacs and compile all lexically scoped Elisp files, including itive functions (also known as subr) in C. -
Common Lisp - Viel Mehr Als Nur D¨Amliche Klammern
Einf¨uhrung Geschichtliches Die Programmiersprache Abschluß Common Lisp - viel mehr als nur d¨amliche Klammern Alexander Schreiber <[email protected]> http://www.thangorodrim.de Chemnitzer Linux-Tage 2005 Greenspun’s Tenth Rule of Programming: “Any sufficiently-complicated C or Fortran program contains an ad-hoc, informally-specified bug-ridden slow implementation of half of Common Lisp.” Alexander Schreiber <[email protected]> Common Lisp - viel mehr als nur d¨amliche Klammern 1 / 30 Einf¨uhrung Geschichtliches Die Programmiersprache Abschluß Ubersicht¨ 1 Einf¨uhrung 2 Geschichtliches 3 Die Programmiersprache 4 Abschluß Alexander Schreiber <[email protected]> Common Lisp - viel mehr als nur d¨amliche Klammern 2 / 30 Einf¨uhrung Geschichtliches Die Programmiersprache Abschluß Lisp? Wof¨ur? NASA: Remote Agent (Deep Space 1), Planner (Mars Pathfinder), Viaweb, gekauft von Yahoo f¨ur50 Millionen $, ITA Software: Orbitz engine (Flugticket Planung), Square USA: Production tracking f¨ur“Final Fantasy”, Naughty Dog Software: Crash Bandicoot auf Sony Playstation, AMD & AMI: Chip-Design & Verifizierung, typischerweise komplexe Probleme: Wissensverarbeitung, Expertensysteme, Planungssysteme Alexander Schreiber <[email protected]> Common Lisp - viel mehr als nur d¨amliche Klammern 3 / 30 Einf¨uhrung Geschichtliches Die Programmiersprache Abschluß Lisp? Wof¨ur? NASA: Remote Agent (Deep Space 1), Planner (Mars Pathfinder), Viaweb, gekauft von Yahoo f¨ur50 Millionen $, ITA Software: Orbitz engine (Flugticket Planung), Square USA: Production tracking -
Advanced Use of Lisp's FORMAT Function
Advanced Use of Lisp’s FORMAT Function Gene Michael Stover created 22 January 2004 updated Saturday, 30 October 2004 Copyright c 2004 Gene Michael Stover. All rights reserved. Permission to copy, store, & view this document unmodified & in its entirety is granted. Contents 1 Introduction 1 2 Wanted & To Do 2 3 How to Print a Row 2 4 How to Print a Table 3 5 How to Use Format for Word Wrap 4 6 How to Print a Comma-Separated List 6 7 HowtoUseCommasinEnglishStyle 7 8 Conclusion 7 A Change Log 8 B Other File Formats 8 1 Introduction Lisp’s format function is analogous to C’s printf function, but format can do a whole lot more. format can iterate, use conditionals, process nested format strings, & recurse into format strings embedded into its arguments. The more-or-less official documentation for format is at the Common Lisp Hyperspec[X3J]. There is a complete if terse description of it in Paul Graham’s ANSI Common Lisp[Gra96], but my favorite description of format is in Franz’s Common Lisp The Reference[Inc88]. 1 Knowing the details of how something works isn’t the same as knowing how to use it well. Good applications of format aren’t obvious from its documentation. Thus this article. 2 Wanted & To Do Read the original article about format[Wat89]. Possibly incorporate ideas from it, or refer to them. Definitely refer to it in this article so people know it exists. (I didn’t know it existed at all even though I searched the web for such articles before I wrote this one. -
Memory Pool System Documentation Release 1.111.0
Memory Pool System Documentation Release 1.111.0 Ravenbrook Limited May 23, 2013 CONTENTS i ii CHAPTER ONE GUIDE 1.1 Overview of the Memory Pool System The Memory Pool System is a very general, adaptable, flexible, reliable, and efficient memory management system. It permits the flexible combination of memory management techniques, supporting manual and automatic memory management, inline allocation, finalization, weakness, and multiple concurrent co-operating incremental generational garbage collections. It also includes a library of memory pool classes implementing specialized memory management policies. The MPS has been in development since 1994 and deployed in successful commercial products since 1997. Bugs are almost unknown in production. It is under continuous development and support by Ravenbrook. The MPS is distributed under an open source license. The license is designed to make it possible for you to use the MPS in your own projects, provided that you either don’t distribute your product, or your product is open source too. If the licensing terms aren’t suitable for you (for example, you’re developing a closed-source commercial product or a compiler run-time system) you can easily license the MPS under different terms from Ravenbrook by arrangement. Please contact us at [email protected] for details. 1.1.1 Supported target platforms The MPS is currently supported for deployment on: • Windows XP or later on IA-32 and x86-64, using Microsoft Visual C/C++; • Linux (Ubuntu 11 and RHEL 6.3 known good, otherwise YMMV) on IA-32 and x86-64, using GCC; • FreeBSD 7 or later, on IA-32 and x86-64, using GCC; • OS X 10.4 or later, on IA-32 and x86-64 (single threaded only), using Clang/LLVM. -
Objektové Programování Poznámky K Přednášce
Objektové programování Poznámky k přednášce Michal Krupka 18. prosince 2016 1 Obsah 1 Od Scheme k Lispu 7 1.1 Základní rozdíly mezi Schemem a Common Lispem . 8 1.2 Common Lisp: základní výbava . 14 2 Objekty a třídy 37 2.1 Základní pojmy ........................... 37 2.2 Třídy a instance v Common Lispu . 40 2.3 Inicializace slotů nových instancí . 49 ÚLOHY ................................... 52 3 Zapouzdření a polymorfismus 55 3.1 Princip zapouzdření ........................ 55 3.2 Úprava tříd point a circle ................... 61 3.3 Třída picture ........................... 64 3.4 Vlastnosti ............................... 67 3.5 Kreslení pomocí knihovny micro-graphics . 68 3.6 Kreslení grafických objektů .................... 72 3.7 Princip polymorfismu ....................... 81 3.8 Polygony ............................... 83 3.9 Geometrické transformace ..................... 87 ÚLOHY ................................... 89 4 Dědičnost 91 4.1 Princip dědičnosti a pravidlo is-a . 91 4.2 Určení předka v definici třídy ................... 98 4.3 Poznámka o běžných jazycích . 102 4.4 Přepisování metod . 102 4.5 Volání zděděné metody . 104 4.6 Inicializace instancí . 110 3 4 OBSAH 4.7 Návrh stromu dědičnosti . 111 ÚLOHY ................................... 112 5 Zpětná volání 115 5.1 Zpětná volání v knihovně micro-graphics . 115 5.2 Překreslování oken po vnější změně . 117 5.3 Překreslení při změně okna . 118 5.4 Překreslování při změnách objektů . 120 ÚLOHY ................................... 124 6 Klikání a jiné události 127 6.1 Jednoduché obsloužení vstupu z myši . 127 6.2 Zpravení grafického objektu o kliknutí . 129 6.3 Princip vlastnění, delegování, události . 133 6.4 Události ev-changing a ev-change . 136 6.5 Reakce na kliknutí: událost ev-mouse-down . 140 ÚLOHY .................................. -
A Lisp Oriented Architecture by John W.F
A Lisp Oriented Architecture by John W.F. McClain Submitted to the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degrees of Master of Science in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Bachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering at the MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY September 1994 © John W.F. McClain, 1994 The author hereby grants to MIT permission to reproduce and to distribute copies of this thesis document in whole or in part. Signature of Author ...... ;......................... .............. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science August 5th, 1994 Certified by....... ......... ... ...... Th nas F. Knight Jr. Principal Research Scientist 1,,IA £ . Thesis Supervisor Accepted by ....................... 3Frederic R. Morgenthaler Chairman, Depattee, on Graduate Students J 'FROM e ;; "N MfLIT oARIES ..- A Lisp Oriented Architecture by John W.F. McClain Submitted to the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science on August 5th, 1994, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degrees of Master of Science in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Bachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering Abstract In this thesis I describe LOOP, a new architecture for the efficient execution of pro- grams written in Lisp like languages. LOOP allows Lisp programs to run at high speed without sacrificing safety or ease of programming. LOOP is a 64 bit, long in- struction word architecture with support for generic arithmetic, 64 bit tagged IEEE floats, low cost fine grained read and write barriers, and fast traps. I make estimates for how much these Lisp specific features cost and how much they may speed up the execution of programs written in Lisp. -
GNU/Linux AI & Alife HOWTO
GNU/Linux AI & Alife HOWTO GNU/Linux AI & Alife HOWTO Table of Contents GNU/Linux AI & Alife HOWTO......................................................................................................................1 by John Eikenberry..................................................................................................................................1 1. Introduction..........................................................................................................................................1 2. Traditional Artificial Intelligence........................................................................................................1 3. Connectionism.....................................................................................................................................1 4. Evolutionary Computing......................................................................................................................1 5. Alife & Complex Systems...................................................................................................................1 6. Agents & Robotics...............................................................................................................................1 7. Programming languages.......................................................................................................................2 8. Missing & Dead...................................................................................................................................2 1. Introduction.........................................................................................................................................2 -
Clarification Proposal for CLHS Section 22.3 Version 1.1
Clarification Proposal for CLHS Section 22.3 Version 1.1 Didier Verna <[email protected]> Copyright c 2011 Didier Verna Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are preserved on all copies. Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided also that the section entitled \Copy- ing" is included exactly as in the original. Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual into an- other language, under the above conditions for modified versions, except that this permission notice may be translated as well. Copying 1 Copying This work may be distributed and/or modified under the conditions of the LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.3 of this license or (at your option) any later version. The latest version of this license is in http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt and version 1.3 or later is part of all distributions of LaTeX version 2005/12/01 or later. This work has the LPPL maintenance status `maintained'. The Current Maintainer of this work is Didier Verna. Chapter 1: Motivation 2 1 Motivation Section 22.3 \Formatted Output" of the Common Lisp Hyperspec describes the syntax and semantics of format directives. We believe that the standard is underspecified in two related areas. 1.1 Trailing Commas The standard describes the syntax of directive parameters as follows. A directive consists of a tilde, optional prefix parameters separated by commas, [...]. ¨ It also gives the following example. -
Automating Iterative Tasks with Programming by Demonstration
http://waikato.researchgateway.ac.nz/ Research Commons at the University of Waikato Copyright Statement: The digital copy of this thesis is protected by the Copyright Act 1994 (New Zealand). The thesis may be consulted by you, provided you comply with the provisions of the Act and the following conditions of use: Any use you make of these documents or images must be for research or private study purposes only, and you may not make them available to any other person. Authors control the copyright of their thesis. You will recognise the author’s right to be identified as the author of the thesis, and due acknowledgement will be made to the author where appropriate. You will obtain the author’s permission before publishing any material from the thesis. Department of Computer Science Hamilton, New Zealand Automating iterative tasks with programming by demonstration Gordon W. Paynter This thesis is submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of Waikato. February 26, 2000 © 2000 Gordon W. Paynter Abstract iii Abstract Programming by demonstration is an end-user programming technique that allows people to create programs by showing the computer examples of what they want to do. Users do not need specialised programming skills. Instead, they instruct the computer by demonstrating examples, much as they might show another person how to do the task. Programming by demonstration empowers users to create programs that perform tedious and time-consuming computer chores. However, it is not in widespread use, and is instead confined to research applications that end users never see. -
Common Lisp Reference Manual the Common Lisp Reference Manual Copyright C 2006 Robert Strandh
Common Lisp Reference Manual The Common Lisp Reference Manual Copyright c 2006 Robert Strandh. i Table of Contents 1 Introduction............................... 1 2 Terminology and conventions ............... 2 2.1 Introduction ................................................ 2 2.2 General..................................................... 2 3 Numbers .................................. 3 3.1 Introduction ................................................ 3 4 Cons cells ................................. 4 5 Sequences ................................. 5 5.1 Introduction ................................................ 5 5.2 Lists ....................................................... 5 5.2.1 Standard functions, macros, and special operators on lists.. 5 5.3 Vectors ..................................................... 5 6 Structures ................................. 6 7 Generalized references ..................... 7 8 Standard functions, macros, and special operators................................. 8 car ........................................................ 8 cdr ........................................................ 8 9 Standard types and classes ................. 9 Index ....................................... 10 Chapter 1: Introduction 1 1 Introduction You are reading the Common Lisp Reference Manual. The purpose of this document is to be a complete discription of all of ANSI Common Lisp. It differs from the Common Lisp standard or the Common Lisp HyperSpec, in that it is completely free (though I haven’t figured out the details -
A Free Implementation of CLIM
A Free Implementation of CLIM Robert Strandh∗ Timothy Moorey August 17, 2002 Abstract McCLIM is a free implementation of the Common Lisp Interface Man- gager, or CLIM, specification. In this paper we review the distinguishing features of CLIM, describe the McCLIM implementation, recount some of the history of the McCLIM effort, give a status report, and contemplate future directions. McCLIM is a portable implementation of the Common Lisp Interface Man- gager, or CLIM, specification[9] released under the Lesser GNU Public License (LGPL). CLIM was originally conceived as a library for bringing advanced fea- tures of the Symbolics Genera system[3], such as presentations, context sensitive input, sophisticated command processing, and interactive help, to Common Lisp implementations running on stock hardware. The CLIM 2.0 specification added \look-and-feel" support so that CLIM applications could adopt the appearance and behavior of native applications without source code changes. Several Lisp vendors formed a consortium in the late 80s to share code in a common CLIM implementation, but for a variety of reasons the visibility of CLIM has been limited in the Common Lisp community. The McCLIM project has created an implementation of CLIM that, in the summer of 2002, is almost feature complete. Initially created by merging several developers' individual efforts, McCLIM is being used by several programs including a music editor, a web browser, and an IRC client (see Figure 1). Some non-graphic parts of CLIM have been adopted into the IMHO web server[2]. In this paper we review the distinguishing features of CLIM, describe the McCLIM implementation, recount some of the history of the McCLIM effort, give a stlatus report, and contemplate future directions for McCLIM.