CHICAGO’S FREE WEEKLY SINCE | APRIL
Translating Rahm Ben Joravsky 6
Masa Madre takes on Passover Aimee Levitt 9
Black veterans’ new battleground Mariah Karson 11
A new rei n Chicago goes all in on Lightfoot THIS WEEK CHICAGO READER | APRIL | VOLUME NUMBER
IN THIS ISSUE TR - TheWorstMotherintheWorldis @ about inclusion and mommy issues and Yenshows two neglected teens struggling to grow up P T B IEC FILM SK K H FOOD & DRINK 19 Festival Preview What does it D EKS 09 Food Feature Armed with mean to be Asian American? C L SK D P JR family recipes Masa Madre takes 20 Review With AshIsPurest 30 Shows of note Ex Hex Mdou CEAL on Passover White Jia Zhangke remains the Moctar Perfume and more shows M EP M master of displacement this week A EJL CITY LIFE SWDI 03 Street View A rapper’s style 21 Movies of note Gospelof 36 Early Warnings Joanna BJ MS starts with his shoes Eureka shows a Bible Belt town on Newsom Indian Gladys Knight S WMD L G 04 Transportation What should the brink of change Shazam!has and more justannounced concerts G D D C S M EB W Chicago do about cyclists who retro appeal for comic book buff s 36 Gossip Wolf John Corbett M L C don’t play by the rules? and Styx is a thoughtprovoking celebrates his book with free S C -J moral drama about life and death barbecue drummer Spencer FL C P F T A ECS Tweedy drops an EP as a front man CNB D C and more D C LC NLC CC M DLC S F IG A G OPINION KTH JH JH ARTS & CULTURE 36 Savage Love Dan Savage off ers I H DJ MK S 14 Lit Gneshnabem ne? Citizen advice on dating and respecting K MM B M JRN M O L O Y Potawatomi Nation produces its trans women P LP KS K R fi rst dictionary BS D S A W 15 Lit AnAmericanSummer CLASSIFIEDS ------creates a portrait of a city battling 37 Jobs D D JD D P E &P intractable ills 37 Apartments & Spaces K K NEWS & POLITICS 15 Excerpt Meltdown at Pitchfork MUSIC & NIGHTLIFE 37 Marketplace O M SN L 06 Joravsky | Politics When Rahm 16 History A documentary gives 24 Feature John Cage’s treasures ADVERTISING blasts Kim Foxx for Smollettgate Casimir Pulaski a comingout party are hiding in plain sight in a library COMICS SERIALS -- -@ you have to wonder what he’s up to years a er his death at Northwestern 38 PLDermes goes to a parade C @ 08 Isaacs | Culture UIC grad 29 In Rotation Chances Dances students strike for better pay cofounder Latham Zearfoss on a S D PF THEATER O I V PS 18 Plays of note ANumberstrips Solange album for the ages and D D F D ’ AM down to its absorbing elements more musical obsessions SA R J L A R LM-H CR M TP
N A FEATURES VMG --- JL SB ------DC PHOTOS [email protected] -- STMREADERLLC B PD RL T E R A new battleground S JS A- S V Veterans of the armed forces’ segregated past fi ght C EB to keep their legacy alive. C ------S P M K 11 R ISSN- STMR LLC SM SC IL --
C ©C R P C IL
CORRECTION Last week, our story “More money no problems” incorrectly stated that Ameya Pawar was endorsed by United Working A C R R Families. The group did not endorse any candidates for treasurer. RR T ®
2 CHICA OREADER - APRIL ll CITY LIFE Less scrolling. Street View Kickin’ it A rapper’s style starts with his shoes
“ICALLMY style ‘SlightFlex,’ which means doing the most and nothing at all simultane- ously,” says Corey Henderson, 29, a rapper whose stage name is Almighty Xanno. The Austin resident was photographed at the Jef- ferson Park CTA station on the way to visiting his brother in Des Plaines. Henderson breaks down the concept he created, explaining that “Slight” is for the subtleness of his out- fit, and “Flex” is the color coordination that makes a look really pop. He says his style is built from the shoes upward: here his prized 90s Nike Air Maxes are paired with pieces that echo the sneakers’ red, black, and white hues. “Everything I wear is focused around the color of the shoes,” he says. “I like dress- ing for success.” —I G ISAGIALLORENZO More strumming.
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TRANSPORTATION Breakin’ the law What should Chicago do about cyclists who don’t play by the rules? By JG
ver since my last Reader column majority-white neighborhoods. A police rep on Chicago’s mayoral election was eventually acknowledged that this was due to published, I’ve been fielding a lot officers using bike enforcement as a pretext
of complaints about lawbreaking for searches in high-crime areas. RACHALDUGGAN bicyclists. I mentioned Toni Preck- To get some di erent viewpoints on the best Ewinkle’s statement from a recent debate that policies to address unlawful cycling, I checked often choose to ignore cyclists doing Idaho Schwieterman also recommended letting many bike riders “don’t pay any attention to in with a few city agencies and transportation stops. But Ludwig said the CPD will sometimes bicyclists take an online bike safety class in the tra c laws, which is not only infuriating, experts and advocates. conduct “targeted enforcement” stings on lieu of paying a fine. “It would send a clear but also scary for drivers.” I contacted the Wisconsin-based National bike riders, staking out particular locations message about safety while lessening tension A typical comment I received on Twitter Motorists Association for the right-wing where residents or aldermen have complained with law enforcement personnel.” read, “Many, many cyclists ARE unsafe. Very windshield perspective. After all, the group’s about bike infractions, or in response to a Active Transportation Alliance advocacy self-centered, all-about-me-me-me and gen- hard-line stances against automated enforce- cyclist-involved crash. director Jim Merrell argued that sidewalk erally disrespectful.” Isn’t it great that drivers ment, lower speed limits, traffic calming, While the CPD’s job is wielding the prover- cycling is best addressed with more protected never act that way? stricter DUI rules, and even seatbelt laws bial “stick” of enforcement against hazardous lanes, neighborhood greenways, and o -street In fairness, though, hazardous and obnox- make the American Automobile Association behavior, the Chicago Department of Trans- trails. Free bike light giveaways, which have ious cycling is a thing. So I’d like to throw a look like Greenpeace. But I was pleasantly sur- portation provides “carrots” in the form of been done in the past by the Bike Ambassa- bone to the “there are a lot of reckless bikers” prised by spokeswoman Shelia Dunn’s fairly bike infrastructure, education, and encour- dors, and Streetsblog Chicago cofounder Ste- crowd with a look at what Chicago should do balanced response, which stressed that every- agement. CDOT has built dozens of miles of ven Vance’s grassroots “Get Lit!” campaign, about bicyclists who break tra c rules. one “driving, riding, or walking . . . should be physically protected bike lanes over the last can help eradicate bike ninjas. Let’s classify lawbreaking by bike riders responsible for their own safety and look out eight years, which help make less-confident Merrell doesn’t have a problem with police into three categories: for others on the road.” cyclists feel more comfortable staying o the throwing the book at riders who endanger 1. Technically illegal, but widespread and Predictably, the NMA doesn’t support legal- sidewalk. other people, especially pedestrians. “But it’s largely harmless, behavior. This includes izing the Idaho stop. Dunn argued that doing The department has also pioneered the use unclear that this behavior, while annoying and slow, cautious cycling for short distances on so would make it di cult for pedestrians and of contrafl ow bike lanes that legalize “wrong disrespectful, presents a [signifi cant] public sidewalks or against traffic on side streets. drivers to predict bicyclists’ behavior, and way” riding on otherwise-one-way stretches safety risk,” he said. “Crash data tells us that Another example is riders treating stoplights embolden cyclists to run reds and signs even of designated side-street bikeways called reckless behavior among drivers—especially like stop signs and stop signs like yield signs. when intersections aren’t clear. “neighborhood greenways.” This has made speeding, distracted and drunk driving, and This is known as the “Idaho stop” because it’s Dunn called for better and earlier mobility already-popular low-stress routes like Glen- failure to stop for people walking—is by far legal in the Gem State. education for kids, including safe walking, bik- wood, Berteau, and Wood even more useful. the greatest cause of serious injuries and 2. Lawbreaking that may be annoying, ing, and driving practices. “I lived in Germany Meanwhile, CDOT’s Bicycling and Safe fatalities, so that’s what traffic enforcement but is mostly a danger to the cyclist. This in- for a time, and my fourth-grader was required Routes Ambassadors safety outreach teams should target.” cludes riding for long distances on sidewalks to take a bicycling course in school,” she said. pedal to schools, day camps, senior centers, Merrell added that as biking becomes more or against tra c on main streets, and riding at “This would be a tremendous help.” and community events to spread the gospel. mainstream, cultural norms will shift and help night without lights. (People who do the latter I asked the Chicago Police Department The ambassadors attended 515 events and reinforce good behavior. are nicknamed “bike ninjas.”) about their cycling enforcement policies. (We directly educated more than 75,000 people Indeed, when I visited Amsterdam, Co- 3. Willfully inconsiderate or reckless rid- didn’t discuss the racial discrepancies, which in 2018, according to department spokesman penhagen, and Berlin, places with universal ing that can terrify or endanger others. This I’ve written about at length.) Spokesman How- Mike Cla ey. bike education and seamless car-free cycling includes hauling ass down crowded sidewalks; ard Ludwig said o cers are told to use discre- DePaul University transportation expert Joe routes, I was struck by how orderly and failing to yield to pedestrians in crosswalks; tion when writing bike tickets, di erentiating Schwieterman coauthored a 2016 study on the law-abiding the bike culture was. My impres- and mindlessly bombing red lights and stop between behavior that’s merely unlawful, and Idaho stop that found that a full two-thirds of sion was that, in these cities where biking is signs. that which is truly hazardous. For example, he Chicago cyclists proceeded through stoplights totally safe and tra c rules are logical, if you There’s a racial equity component to the said, a bike ninja on a dark side street might if there was no cross tra c, and only one out don’t comply you run the risk of being per- question of how we should deal with these get a ticket, but “a cyclist without a light in a of 25 riders came to a complete stop at stop ceived as a person with poor home training— behaviors. A 2017 Tribune investigation found well-lit commercial area might pedal away signs. The researchers endorsed legalizing the or worse, an American. v that some communities of color saw exponen- with a warning.” Idaho stop here, although they feel more study tially more tickets for bike infractions than This latitude helps explain why officers is needed. @greenfieldjohn 4 CHICA OREADER - APRIL ll Lincoln Park GRAND OPENING April 5–7
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REI_NP_10_LincolnPark_GO_CR-FP_9-75x9-875- Newsprint NEWS & POLITICS DANIELXO’NEIL
POLITICS Translating Rahm When he blasts Kim Foxx for Smollettgate you have to wonder what he’s really up to. By BJ
ne day last week I got a call from a Oh, wait, Rahm’s the mayor making those friend at an out-of-town airport, blatantly fraudulent claims in regards to the who breathlessly announced that infamous Lincoln Yards Deal. Never mind. Mayor Rahm’s big old mug was on By the way, youngsters—Ralph Metcalfe every TV screen in the terminal, rag- was the south side congressman who decided Oing with righteous indignation to Wolf Blitzer to break from the Machine and Mayor Richard over the latest travesty of justice in Chicago . . . J. Daley over the issue of police brutality. Now Influential people making blatantly false back to Rahm. statements. For the last few days, the mayor’s been I’m like—OMG, Rahm fi nally had his Ralph venting his spleen with righteous rage at Cook Metcalfe moment of realization, where he County State’s Attorney Kim Foxx for hastily, awoke to discover that the mayor of Chicago and without compelling reason, dropping was giving $1.3 billion in property taxes to a charges against Jussie Smollett for allegedly well-connected developer to build upscale making up claims of a hate crime. housing in an already gentrifying ward. All in Mayor Rahm’s not alone. I haven’t seen the name of eradicating blight in poor neigh- so many people so righteously venting their borhoods and building the tax base. spleen since O.J. walked. 6 CHICA OREADER - APRIL ll NEWS & POLITICS
I have two thoughts about Smollettgate. On constituency would move in. C’mon folks, the one hand—yes, it reeks. If the allegations admit it—Chris Kennedy was right when he are true, Smollett wasted our time and money said Rahm’s planning policies were intended and police resources with his phony claims of to move poor people out of town. getting mugged in the middle of the night by Or when he tearfully announced last Sep- two MAGA lovers. tember that he wasn’t running for reelection And, yes, it’s bad that the powerful and because he wanted to move on to the next well-connected—like Tina Tchen, Michelle chapter of his life. As opposed to internal polls Obama’s former chief of sta —feel it’s okay to that probably showed him losing by double get on the horn and call other well-connected digits. So community activists would never people, like Kim Foxx, on behalf of the rich and think they had an impact on what goes down famous. (Tchen called to connect Foxx with a in this town. Smollett relative who wanted the case moved In the matter of his outrage over Smollett, from the local police to the FBI.) we need a little context. Foxx was elected in The worst part is that the fallout undercuts 2016 thanks to a community uprising that oc- Foxx’s e orts to institute alternative punish- curred when Judge Valderrama ordered Rahm ments to prison time for nonviolent crimes, to release that tape. Turn do-it-yourself into like the one Smollett allegedly committed. So, Activists took to the streets demanding some poor schmuck, who has no connection to that Rahm, police chief Garry McCarthy, and DO WHAT a well-connected political player, ultimately Alvarez pay a political price. And they have. pays the price. Welcome to Chicago. Rahm fired McCarthy—throwing him under YOU WANT. On the other hand, it gives me another the bus to save his own skin (speaking of chance to play one of my favorite political par- another great episode of what’s Rahm really lor games: What’s Rahm really up to? up to). And eventually Rahm himself decided This game stems from Rahm’s habit of not to run for reelection to, as I said, forgo the Give up home maintenance for saying one thing, when it’s clear he’s actually embarrassment of losing. angling for something else. And then we try to So, he’s clearly enjoying using this “crisis” CAREFREE, INDEPENDENT SENIOR LIVING. fi gure out what he’s really up to. to make Foxx squirm. And he relishes any Schedule a visit. I know what you’re probably thinking—oh, opportunity to get on national TV. And he Ben, you’re just a typical cynical Chicago likes distancing himself from the mess—like 773-916-3625 reporter. he’s got nothing to do with it, even though Yeah, well, let me remind you that the Tchen’s a family friend. (Funny, in his rage Independent Living | Assisted Living | AL #5103988 most famous saying of the mayor you elected over Smollettgate Rahm manages to avoid 4239 North Oak Park Avenue | Chicago, IL 60634 (twice) is “never let a serious crisis go to blasting Tchen.) And he’s trying to make WWW.SENIORLIFESTYLE.COM waste.” himself look like, of all things, a criminal Which is pretty cynical in and of itself. justice reformer. Ultimately, I wouldn’t care about Rahm’s Which is almost as ridiculous as his e orts conniving if he was just, you know, some ordi- to portray himself as the savior of public edu- nary Joe in my Monday night bowling league. cation in Chicago, which survived despite his But as the mayor of Chicago, there are conse- early e orts to farm it out to private charters. RIDERS AREN’T ALWAYS IN THE RIGHT. quences for the games he plays. I’d say Rahm’s the biggest phony in Smol- BUT THEY ARE ALWAYS FRAGILE. Like when he resisted releasing the video lettgate. But that role goes to President of Jason Van Dyke shooting Laquan McDon- Trump, who’s calling for a federal investiga- ald because he said he wanted Cook County tion into Foxx’s handling of the matter. State’s Attorney Anita Alvarez to finish her I don’t think Trump should call for a federal investigation. As opposed to trying to bury investigation into anything until he releases that story until everyone forgot it ever existed the results of the federal investigation into so we never, ever got around to dealing with himself—aka, the Mueller Report, which At- the issue of police brutality. torney General William Barr says he’ll release (My guess is Alvarez would probably still one of these days. Probably after he redacts all be investigating the Van Dyke shooting had the incriminating parts. Cook County Judge Franklin Valderrama not My old friend Ken Davis predicts a day will ordered the video released.) come when I will miss Mayor Rahm’s reign.
Or when Rahm closed 50 schools in black Kenny D may have a point. I can’t imagine a Take the high road and give bicyclists the space they need and Hispanic communities because he said he Mayor Lightfoot or Preckwinkle being so devi- to ride safely. Check our website for more road sharing tips. wanted to improve education for poor kids. As ously entertaining. v VISIT ORTHOINFO.ORG/BIKESAFETY opposed to clearing out those communities ota.org orthoinfo.org in the hopes that a wealthier, more gentrifi ed @joravben ll AAOSPSA16_BikeSafety_Mag_6.875x4.625.indd 1 APRIL - CHICA ORE1/6/16ADER 3:51 PM7 NEWS & POLITICS
ON CULTURE ‘We can’t buy food with a tuition waiver’ UIC grad students strike for better pay. By D I
ate last year, University of Illinois at On March 19, after a year of unsuccessful Chicago Chancellor Michael Amiridis contract negotiations, UIC’s 1,500 graduate presented an ambitious update to student workers went on strike. They’re seek- the 50-year master plan for the UIC ing a salary increase and fee relief. campus. The graduate employees are currently paid LFor its current phase, over the next ten about $18,000 a year and given free tuition years, the plan calls for multiple new buildings for two semesters of 20-hour work weeks. UIC grad students on the picket line UICGEO and an emphasis on turning the fortress-like UIC Graduate Employees Organization co- environment of architect Walter Netsch’s president Jeff Schuhrke says teaching as- once-celebrated 1960s “Brutalist” design into sistants are often the primary instructors in a friendlier space. As a fi rst step, Amiridis said undergraduate classes of up to 60 students. versity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign is now “The whole UI system announced that they in a television interview, UIC will be getting At UIC and elsewhere, this arrangement is jus- paying $424,000 annually for a $60 million weren’t going to raise tuition again, for the rid of walls along Harrison and Halsted streets tifi ed as an apprenticeship, but it’s long been insurance policy that protects it against a drop fifth year in a row,” Smith continues. “That that isolate the campus from the city. exploited to the university’s advantage. in enrollment of business and engineering stu- sounds great. But what happens is they raise The price tag? A cool billion dollars for start- GEO is asking for a significant raise: 22.6 dents from China.) fees. The day they announced they weren’t ers, some of it to be raised through private- percent over three years. Schuhrke, who notes Then there’s the hefty “General Fee,” ap- going to raise tuition, our chancellor an- public partnerships and the sale of bonds that “we can’t pay rent or buy food with a plied to all students; it’s increasing $50 per nounced that they were going to raise fees by guaranteed, in part, by revenue from student tuition waiver,” said in an interview last week semester, to $962 for the next two-semester 3.6 percent. On top of that, most students pay, fees. that this would just bring UIC closer to the academic year. According to the university in addition to tuition and fees, a di erential. In salaries paid by other major urban research website, the General Fee supports the fixed my department [Smith teaches in the depart- universities. That’s an observation backed up costs “of operating fee-supported facilities on ment of urban planning], students pay anoth- by letters of support from faculty, noting the campus,” including housing. er $2,500 per semester, just to go to school.” #TVKUV9TKVGT increasing difficulty of recruiting talented In a statement posted on the university’s (Graduate school di erentials range next year graduate students. website on Monday, Michael Ginsburg, the from $383 to $5,147 per semester.) 2GTHQTOGT! UIC says it has o ered a raise of 11.95 per- associate vice chancellor for human resources “If they don’t raise the pay for student %4'#6+8' 51.76+105 (14 cent over three years. said, “The University cannot waive these fees workers, if they don’t raise the pay for faculty, %4'#6+8' 2'12.' In a letter to the campus community, posted because there is no source of funds which they’re going to have some nice buildings, on the fi rst day of the strike, the administra- could be used to make up for the loss of but they’re not going to have the same peo- 5WRRQTVKXG #HHKTOKPI CPF )QCN tion o ered this rationale: “When you annu- revenue.” ple teaching in them,” Smith says. “Faculty &KTGEVGF 2U[EJQVJGTCR[ CPF alize [the current salary], from 9 months to 12 According to the administration, UIC in- are thinking they might leave, and graduate *[RPQVJGTCR[ HQT #FWNVU months and equate it to full time at 40 hours tends to “continue normal operations during students are not coming to UIC because they per week, plus the value of the tuition waivers, the strike.” don’t get offered a salary that’s competitive /#: - 5*#2'; .%59 it is akin to a salary of $62,375 per year.” UIC faculty union president Janet Smith with other research I universities.” .QECVGF KP &QYPVQYP 'XCPUVQP GEO is also concerned about rising fees says that while campus improvements are “We’re fighting against the idea that grad that it says now amount to as much as $2,000 needed, there’s a question of priorities. “It’s school is some kind of hazing ritual as opposed annually. These include a fee that singles out a bigger problem than just UIC,” Smith says. to real life,” said Schuhrke in a statement YYYOCZUJCRG[EQO international students, whose visas, Schuhrke “We’re part of the University of Illinois sys- released by GEO. “We’re professionals, often OCZUJCRG["CQNEQO notes, don’t allow them to seek outside work. tem, and what we see is that the system is very with years of experience and master’s degrees. NWG TQUU NWG 5JKGNF 2TGHGTTGF 2TQXKFGT (How important are international students keen about real estate development, and not We provide essential labor for UIC.” v KIPC 2TGHGTTGF 2TQXKFGT to the finances of the University of Illinois so much about putting money into salaries or system? It was revealed last fall that the Uni- helping support students.” @DeannaIsaacs 8 CHICA OREADER - APRIL ll FOOD & DRINK
Tamar Fasja Unikel pours ganache over her fl ourless chocolate cake. ANJALIPINTO
M M R hellomasamadre. com
CPM / -/ : AM- PM, the Robey Chicago, W. North, - -, therobey. com. F
don’t start thinking about holiday specials FOOD FEATURE until the holidays are nearly upon them. Pass- over, however, presents a special challenge: in commemoration of the Israelites’ precipitous Cake jefes exodus from Egypt, which didn’t leave them enough time for their bread to rise, Jews Armed with family recipes, Masa abstain from leavened baked goods for the Madre takes on Passover. length of the entire eight-day festival. Over time, the prohibition has expanded to include By AL grains, including wheat—meaning no flour. Passover baked goods are notorious both for their density and lack of fl avor. ast week Elena Vázquez Felgueres This Passover, Masa Madre will be selling and Tamar Fasja Unikel, the own- flourless chocolate cake. Vázquez Felgueres ers and proprietors and also chief and Fasja Unikel have both come to the kitch- bakers and delivery drivers of Masa en armed with family recipes. Fasja Unikel’s Madre, which is, as far as they know, comes from her aunt, who owns a bakery in LChicago’s only Jewish-Mexican bakery, met Mexico City, where both women grew up; in Vázquez Felgueres’s kitchen in Pilsen to try Vázquez Felgueres’s comes from her grand- out recipes for Passover, three weeks away. mother, who texted her a photograph of the This is unusually early for them; most of the recipe, handwritten in a mixture of French time, their business keeps them so busy they and Spanish. J ll APRIL - CHICA OREADER 9 Search the Reader’s online database of thousands of Chicago-area restaurants—and add your FOOD & DRINK own review—at chicagoreader.com/food.
Bakers Elena Vázquez continued from 9 Felgueres and Tamar Masa Madre’s business model is custom- “It’s complicated to do family recipes,” Fasja Unikel of order only. Vázquez Felgueres worked in larg- says Fasja Unikel as she reaches into the oven Masa Madre testing er bakeries when she came to Chicago and was chocolate cake to test her cakes for doneness. “They’re not recipes for Passover. appalled by how much was thrown out at the used to doing exact measurements. When ANJALIPINTO end of the day; now they only bake as much as they say cups, they mean water cups, not they need. They make all the deliveries them- measuring cups.” selves, which makes them feel more connected “Some say, ‘add puño,’ a pinch, a handful to their customers. of fl our,” adds Vázquez Felgueres. “But it de- While the cakes bake, they chat about pends on the [size of the] hand. I don’t know Fasja Unikel’s baby, due in June, and a recent why they’re like that. They probably had kids catastrophe involving a can of exploded con- and a full house and no time.” densed milk that was on its way to becoming Vázquez Felgueres and Fasja Unikel first dulce de leche, something that has never met in fashion school in Mexico City a decade happened to either of them before. (“I think ago and reunited in Chicago early in 2017 after it’s because we left your husband in charge,” Vázquez Felgueres moved here. (Fasja Uni- muses Vázquez Felgueres. “It was like a bomb kel arrived in 2011.) They established Masa went o .” They’re still trying to fi gure out how Madre that December. Business has been to get the remains o the ceiling.) Finally the growing steadily since then, mostly through moment of truth arrives: the cakes are on the word of mouth and Instagram. The bakery’s counter. calling card is its babka. Fasja Unikel learned Vázquez Felgueres’s are light, almost like a the recipe in Israel three years ago from the sou³ e, and sunken in the middle. Fasja Uni- baker Lior Mashiach. kel’s are denser, with a nutty fl avor from the “It’s the perfect balance of bread,” says ground walnuts in the batter. The two bakers Vázquez Felgueres. “Not too sweet, not too taste both with and without the ganache and light, chewy.” ing her batter. The recipe calls for only five in a Jewish neighborhood and was familiar consider. “I think I’ll have to modify the rec- They began tweaking the recipe with Mex- ingredients: butter, eggs, chocolate, sugar, with the cuisine also, although until Masa ipe,” says Vázquez Felgueres, peering at the ican flavors to make it their own: dulce de and almond meal. “It’s very simple,” she says. Madre, she wasn’t sure which pastries went crack on top of her cake. “But not bad for a leche, cinnamon churro, and a sweet chile jam. “Apparently.” with which holiday. “Tamar is a great teacher,” fi rst trial.” They expanded to other holiday treats: pan de “Hopefully,” Fasja Unikel adds. she says. As usual, they’ll cede the final decision to muerte for the Day of the Dead; rugelach and The batter comes out light and creamy. “It Vázquez Felgueres pours her batter into min- Fasja Unikel’s husband and Vázquez Felgue- sufganiyot, or fi lled doughnuts, for Hanukkah; tastes like chocolate mousse,” says Vázquez iature loaf pans and pops them into the oven res’s wife, both of whom have very similar hamentaschen, triangular jam-fi lled cookies, Felgueres. Fasja Unikel pokes a fi nger into the while Fasja Unikel stirs together melted choco- tastes. But for now, it’s time to clean up the for Purim; challah for Shabbat. (Though their bowl and licks it, and then smiles. “It’s good.” late, butter, and piloncillo to make the ganache kitchen and get ready for the next round of kitchen isn’t kosher-certifi ed, they use kosher Fasja Unikel grew up eating a combination topping for the cakes. Vázquez Felgueres adds deliveries. ingredients and have dairy-free variations of of traditional Jewish and Mexican fl avors. Her a dash of cinnamon, and Fasja Unikel makes “We’ll have to be eating chocolate cake for most of their recipes.) For Passover, they plan mother’s family is from eastern Europe and a note of the quantity. “We’re always asking another week,” says Fasja Unikel, trying to to infuse their chocolate cake with café de olla, her father is from Syria. Her paternal grand- questions,” she says. “Going to restaurants and look mournful. a blend of coffee, cinnamon, chocolate, and mother would add avocado and salsa to her co ee shops, trying babka.” Both women dream Vázquez Felgueres shrugs. “It’s a tough piloncillo, a raw dark sugar. kibbeh, while her mother’s family would serve of spending time in Mexico City with their job.” v As soon as Fasja Unikel’s cakes come out gefi lte fi sh with tomatoes, chiles, and onions. grandmothers’ recipe notebooks so they can of the oven, Vázquez Felgueres begins mix- Vázquez Felgueres, who isn’t Jewish, grew up standardize and reproduce the recipes. @aimeelevitt
10 CHICA OREADER - APRIL ll A new battleground Veterans of the armed forces’ segregated past fi ght to keep their legacy alive. Story and Photos by M K
James A. Reynolds Jr. Born: 1927, Memphis, TN he Montford Point Marine Association Inducted: 1943-1945, USMC; 1950-1951, Army, Korean War Chapter Two, on the 7000 block of Staff Sergeant, Quartermaster South Vincennes, is a veterans’ orga- Reynolds Jr. was dra ed twice into segregated units. During T WWII he was sent along with black Marine recruits to train at nization whose founding members were part Montford Point, a segregated section of Camp Lejeune, North of the fi rst segregated unit of Marines during Carolina—the largest Marine base in the eastern United States— WWII. These Leathernecks were similar in im- with less than hospitable conditions. In 2012 Reynolds received portance to the Tuskegee Airmen but remain a Congressional Gold Medal of Honor along with all the other original Montford Point Marines in recognition for their role in much less known. Though MPMA has opened pulling down racial barriers in the armed forces. membership to honorably discharged veter- ans of all races, the local chapter currently has Sharon Stokes-Parry only 35 members, down from a high of more Born: 1966, Chicago than 150 decades ago. The current MPMA vet- Enlisted: 5/1985 - 5/1995, Sgt. E-5, USMC eran’s center was purchased in 1984 after a fi re Stokes-Parry said she “wanted to work to preserve legacy and destroyed its location on 75th Street in 1983. help veterans through service.” MPMA encourages people to Today it is run by a handful of volunteer mem- get in touch if they would like to donate money or time and skills, and the organization would like for more veterans in the bers, led by president Sharon Stokes-Parry. community to join as active members to help keep the memory MPMA’s mission is to provide assistance to of the original Montford Point Marines alive. veterans and continued service to the com- munity. But the organization is fighting to Harry G. Reid survive, with a tax debt of more than $73,000 Born: 1942, Chicago on the building, which is in desperate need of Enlisted: 9/1/1966 - 8/31/2002, 33rd ASG, ILNational Guard, a new roof and a new HVAC system, among Command Sgt. Major other repairs. Its story is similar to American Reid has fought for civil rights throughout his life: He Legion posts, Elks lodges, and other private participated in the Freedom Riders bus campaign, marched with Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., and was in the unique position clubs and fraternal organizations I’ve visited of serving as a National Guard military police offi cer during across the country: an American community the 1968 Chicago Riots. In 1999, Reid received the Roy Wilkins rich with history, neglected for years and fad- Renown Service Award from the NAACP. ing from public memory. (In 2017 I published a book, American Legion, about four small J ll APRIL - CHICA OREADER 11 Ron Martin Born: 1939, Chicago Enlisted: 8/1959 - 8/1963, Lance Corporal, USMC, Bay of Pigs, USSWasp (CVS-18) Martin wanted to enroll at Roosevelt University but a er being rejected because the school had already reached their quota of black students he joined the Marine Corps. A er his service Martin was the fi rst black regional union director and an organizer for AFL-CIO.
Willis Whitley Born: 1959, Chicago Enlisted: 8/28/1980 - 9/30/2013, E-6, U.S. Army, Operation Iraqi Freedom Whitley joined MPMA, where he is sergeant-at-arms and housing manager, to be around other veterans. He knew Bingham and Reid from his years of service in the National Guard. “We do not have enough help,” he said. “We need to stay together, we are a family.” Although the hall rentals ended in 2014, Mr. Whitley has continued to volunteer his time keeping the hall open and said, “I’m going down with the ship, but I would like for it not to go down.” George Norman Gray Henry Cheatham Born: 1948, Chicago Born: 1943, Bentonia, MS Inducted: 3/20/1968 - 1/19/1970, SP, U.S. Army, two Tet Off ensives, Enlisted: 10/7/1963 - 10/4/1965, E-4, U.S. Army, 7th Army, Germany Vietnam Cheatham came from a military family and enlisted at the Gray joined MPMA in 1988 because his professional expertise beginning of Vietnam. He applied for the USMC but was denied as an accountant and bookkeeper was needed. He suff ers from because he had been arrested for marching without a parade cancer and PTSD. “I’m now 100 percent service connected, permit in Jackson, Mississippi. “I think we will make it,” he said. catching all kinds of physical, fi nancial, social, mental hell,” he said. “I’m under siege! Sick of all this, I’m trying to get some help.”
12 CHICA OREADER - APRIL ll Arthur “Ham” Bingham Born: 1932, Port Gibson, MS Inducted: 4/15/1952 - 4/14/1955, Korean War, Sgt, U.S. Army Bingham, MPMA’s house manager, operated the fi rst black-owned TV repair service in Chicago. He knew several members of the post from when he owned a neighborhood liquor store, a grocery store, and then an ice cream parlor a er his service. Bingham was also a CPD offi cer for eight years.
continued from 11 973 on the north side, who was interested in posts.) MPMA raised more than $30,000 with seeing if there was anything he or the Tattler a GoFundMe campaign, and in late January could do to help out. The meeting began and former mayoral candidate Susana Mendoza closed with a prayer, with members bowing “purged” herself of $141,550 in campaign their heads and holding hands in a room with contributions that were associated with 25th a leaky drop ceiling, 1980s mirrored wall, and Ward alderman Danny Solis by making a pub- single space heater. After the meeting we hung lic donation to MPMA. An exploratory com- out at the bar; it was a Sunday and the crowd mittee is currently weighing possible options: had come out for one of the final football repair the building and rent out space again; games of the season. In subsequent visits to merge with another veterans’ organization; the post I brought sound recording specialist sell the building and meet regularly at another David Obermeyer to assist me in document- location. All these options include paying the ing members; he has returned many times tax debt in full. since and photographed members on Friday On my first visit to the hall I attended a nights. v meeting with Ray Doeksen, a service officer from the American Legion’s Tattler Post @MariahKarson
Paul K. Knox Jr. Born: 1946, Chicago Enlisted: 9/13/1964 - 9/13/1968, E-5, USMC, Vietnam Knox Jr. never used to speak about his service in Vietnam. “I kept it in,” he said. He was diagnosed with PTSD in 2015. He fi nds comaraderie at MPMA, where he is vice president. “You have to have lived it to realize it.” ll APRIL - CHICA OREADER 13 Access the Bodewadmimwen/English dictionary and online language classes for both adults and children at potawatomidictionary.com and ARTS & CULTURE potawatomiheritage.com/#language
Justin Neely teaches Bodewadmimwen at Wanette High School in Wanette, Oklahoma; Neely dances during the Grand Entry of the 2014 Citizen Potawatomi Nation Family Reunion Festival. CLINTONSINCLAIRBOAPITZ
ilate than to take away the children and raise some of our history and culture, but didn’t LIT them in boarding schools, teaching them the know our language. One day when I was about dominant culture, devoid of our language and 18 years old, I attended a meeting where an old cultural ways? Our elders had to overcome man stood and prayed in the language. Once Gneshnabem ne? countless struggles to maintain our language.” I heard the language, I was hooked. I always The dictionary features more than 8,500 told people I was Potawatomi and was proud Citizen Potawatomi Nation produces its fi rst dictionary. words, their defi nitions and pronunciations, of this fact but wondered, how could I truly as well as audio recordings so you can hear say I was Potawatomi when I couldn’t even By A B exactly how each word is pronounced by a speak our language?” native speaker and video clips that highlight Neely dedicated himself to learning Bode- their cultural signifi cance. Click on bezgwabo- wadmimwen. “The language is a living, breath- neshnabem ne? Do you speak The Potawatomi—who call themselves te, maple syrup, for example, and you’ll be ing thing. Once it gets ahold of you, it moves Bodewadmimwen? Bodéwadmi, or keepers of the fi re—migrated directed to a video showcasing the traditional you. It takes you places you never thought Once widely spoken in the Great to the Chicago region from what’s now Niag- process of tapping trees for the sweet sap; tap you would go. It lead me to interactions with Lakes region, Bodewadmimwen, ara Falls in the late 1600s, settling along the winagé and you’ll hear a traditional story cen- numerous fluent traditional people. It took the language of the Potawatomi Na- Calumet, Chicago, and Des Plaines Rivers. At tered upon a wily buzzard. me to the Hannahville Potawatomi Commu- Gtion, is slowly inching away from the brink of the start of the 18th century, their territory “The ultimate goal is to make the language nity, located in the heart of Michigan’s Upper extinction thanks to new learning initiatives— stretched westward from Lake Michigan to the accessible to everyone,” says Neely. “We creat- Peninsula, where I taught Potawatomi for two including an interactive dictionary, the fi rst of Fox River Valley and south all the way to Lake ed this as a tool for helping folks to learn and school years at Nah tah Wahsh Indian school. its kind. Peoria. start using our language.” I’ve now been teaching my language for over Chances are you already know a few words Andrew Jackson’s Indian Removal Act of Adds Jennifer Bell, director of public in- 16 years and have been actively learning my of this 1,000-plus-year-old language. 1830, followed by the Chicago Treaty of 1833, formation for Citizen Potawatomi Nation, language for over half my life.” Pecan means nut. Kibmosabe—a common ultimately removed thousands of Potawatomi “People who are not of Potawatomi heritage Neely hopes that this dictionary will help expression used by the character Tonto from from their homes and forced them onto the can learn the language to learn more about the resurrect Bodewadmimwen, one of the first The Lone Ranger, identifi ed in some stories as “Trail of Death” from the Great Lakes region culture and history of the tribe. By learning languages spoken around the Great Lakes. “It’s a member of the Potawatomi Nation—trans- to reservations beyond the Mississippi, in Mis- the language they can help preserve a part of through our language we see what was im- lates to “Take a quick look!” Chicago is “place souri, Iowa, and Kansas. Citizen Potawatomi not just Potawatomi history, but the history portant to our ancestors and what continues of wild garlic” for the abundant, yet fragrant Nation is now based in Shawnee, Oklahoma. of North America. I think it’s a way to enrich to be important. The language is like a portal Allium tricoccum that grew along Lake Michi- Today, only ten native fluent speakers of their lives.” into the past and at the same time a portal into gan and on the banks of the Chicago River. Bodewadmimwen remain. They are all over 70 The dictionary will be continuously updated the future. It’s who we are, it’s who we were, Last month the Citizen Potawatomi Nation’s and most of them live in Wisconsin. with new words, images, and audio and video and it’s who we will become. Our language is language department released a pair of tools “After taking our lands the government clips. The CPN language department team is thousands of years old. We were not allowed to help preserve its highly-endangered lan- began a policy of forced assimilation,” ex- also hoping to create an app. to speak our language for many years but still guage: an online searchable dictionary and plains Justin Neely, Citizen Potawatomi Na- Neely himself didn’t learn his ancestral lan- our language continues. It’s the language of a series of free online, self-paced Bodewad- tion’s language department director and the guage until he was an adult. the earth.” v mimwen language courses for both adults and force behind the new interactive dictionary. “Growing up [in Kansas City, Missouri],” he children. “What better way to force a people to assim- says, “I always knew I was Potawatomi. I knew @amybizzarri 14 CHICA OREADER - APRIL ll R READERRECOMMENDEDb ALLAGESF A A SL D C R By Alex Kotlowitz (Nan A. Talese). Appearance on The Interview Show with Mark Bazer. Fri /, : PM, The Hideout, W. Wabansia, --, hideoutchicago.com, $ . ARTS & CULTURE
LIT forces that contribute to violence in the city. Economic instability, addiction, racism, and the collapse of familial structures all play a Erasing the line part. Kotlowitz has no prescriptive cures. He’s not a polemicist, but rather a keenly empathetic witness. He prefers to describe between us and them the conditions that trouble him (and should trouble every citizen of Chicago), rather LIT In An American Summer, Alex Kotlowitz creates a than o er answers. “Many parents take out portrait of a city battling intractable ills. life insurance policies on their children, not because they’re looking to profi t o a child’s By D S Meltdown at death but rather they are assured of having funds for their funeral,” he muses after a par- ticularly wrenching interview. Pitchfork It’s a heartfelt and, at times, surprisingly ’m not afraid of dying. What I’m that makes the fi re that killed half his family hopeful portrait of a city battling intracta- An excerpt from Music to My Eyes afraid of is losing my mother, when he was a child melt from his conscious- ble ills. By giving each and every person he of being in prison, of being a ness. An A student fights the impulse to talks to the time and respect to tell his or her By D S failure. I’m afraid of living,” a commit robberies with his childhood friends. story, Kotlowitz evokes fully dimensional resident of a halfway house on Each chapter carefully delineates the oppos- human beings rather than the statistics or “Ithe West Side tells Alex Kotlowitz in his new ing forces within people forever changed by caricatures most of us are used to in reports book An American Summer. It is but one of violence. on “bad” neighborhoods. The fear that makes the countless heartrending insights the au- Perhaps the central insight of the book is children avoid blocks ruled by rival gangs is thor gleaned from interviews with some 200 that repeated exposure to violence does not the same fear that makes “south side” and crime victims and perpetrators, their loved desensitize, as is often assumed. The people “west side” synonymous with “murder and ones, and observers of violence on the streets Kotlowitz interviews are not numbed to the mayhem” to certain segments of the popula- of Chicago in the summer of 2013. The result death and trauma around them. The horrifi c tion. In fact, as this book demonstrates over he day before Protomartyr played is a crazy-quilt portrait of life in a city at war events they describe are never far from their and over again, these neighborhoods are at Schubas, I had a meltdown at the with itself. By giving voices and faces to those consciousness. They may survive and move filled with all kinds of people, with names Pitchfork Music Festival. touched by violence, Kotlowitz makes the on, but they are never truly “over it.” No and unique personalities, and all the same The publisher of my second book reader bear witness in a way news headlines matter how hard they try to blot them out aspirations as might be found among the in- had generously offered me table and academic studies cannot. He erases the via drugs or mental gymnastics, the things habitants of the toniest suburb. It’s a simple Tspace to hawk books, prints, and art at the line between us and them. they’ve witnessed become part of their and perhaps obvious insight, but a necessary Book Fort for no charge. I was also scheduled The narrative begins in May of 2013 and waking and sleeping life. Kotlowitz isn’t shy one at a time when this city and country seem to do a reading that afternoon. But I barely ends in September of the same year, but often about criticizing failed strategies to stop the as divided as they’ve ever been. v lasted two hours of the three-day festival. fl ashes back decades or a couple of years for- violence, such as the one proposed by former It was a crazy hot morning when I got there ward. It’s a structure that allows Kotlowitz Illinois senator Mark Kirk to eradicate gangs that Friday. There were already lines of kids to make connections not only between his (Kirk had proposed locking up every member waiting for drinks, food, free silkscreened interviewees’ pasts and futures, but also to of the Gangster Disciples). With gang lead- T-shirts, and merch. I watched all the happy those of their loved ones and to the city as a ers long behind bars, their former empires young people milling about and thought whole. In a few instances, he follows a single fractured into tiny cliques that war over in- nothing but horrible things. Why was I here? person’s story through the summer. Thus, dividual city blocks rather than entire neigh- Why were they? What was I thinking, wanting although the book is a patchwork of episodes, borhoods. The Chicago Police Department to sell my crap to these people? Why would I connections and larger themes emerge. has a gang database that has been criticized want to sell anything to anybody at all? The Sometimes the protagonist of one chapter as inaccurate and out of date. Thus, locking relentless sun was no help. I don’t respond appears as a bit player in another. Even when up everyone with a gang affiliation would well to heat under the best circumstances, but Kotlowitz’s subjects don’t know one another, be untenable and likely ineffective, further combined with being in a place I didn’t want they’re part of an ecosystem with the same splintering already-fragile communities. to be, it made for a cocktail of impenetrable recurring issues. If one were to base one’s view of Chicago’s darkness inside my head. A high schooler does the right thing by African-American and Latinx communities I mumbled some likely incomprehensible naming the shooter he witnessed, but gets solely on news reports, the picture would be apology, packed up my things, and got the hell harassed and ultimately killed for testify- of a war zone populated by roaming gang- out of there. I was gone before the fi rst band ing. An overnight reporter’s work covering sters and cowering victims. Kotlowitz’s work played a note. the city’s murders takes its toll on his own over several books, as well as the documen- I had a ticket to see Ex Hex at the Bottle well-being. A middle-aged man battles hero- tary The Interrupters , which he coproduced, that night but was too thrown by what had in addiction—but the drug is the only thing weaves a much more complex tapestry of the happened earlier to want to leave the J ll APRIL - CHICA OREADER 15 ME ARTS & CULTURE By Dmitry Samarov DMITRYSAMAROV