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Siluriformes: Diplomystidae) 71 Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters, Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 71-82, 8 figs., 2 tabs., March 2004 © 2004 by Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, München, Germany – ISSN 0936-9902 First description of small juveniles of the primitive catfish Diplomystes (Siluriformes: Diplomystidae) John G. Lundberg*, Tim M. Berra** and John P. Friel*** At 13 mm SL young Diplomystes nahuelbutaensis are free living and, judging by their greatly diminished yolk mass, probably foraging. External development of form from these small fish to subadults is smooth and continuous, without distinct juvenile stages or specializations. The major changes of body and fin shape shown by Diplomystes are those common to most siluriforms and other fishes: juveniles have large heads and eyes, and expanded posterior median-fin membranes relative to larger specimens. Pigmentation pattern is similar in juveniles and adults in this species. Definitive pectoral- and dorsal-fin spines, and fin ray counts, except for caudal-fin procurrent rays, are established before firm ossification and segmentation of lepidotrichia. The postcleithral process develops relatively late. Introduction The largest specimen of D. nahuelbutaensis col- lected with the juveniles is 131 mm SL, thus yield- In December, 1992 T. M. Berra and V. H. Ruiz ing a growth series from a local population that collected specimens of the catfish Diplomystes na- ranges across one order of magnitude (Fig. 3). huelbutaensis in the clear, rocky and fast-flowing Because of the wide interest in Diplomystes as a Río Laja (Fig. 1) of central Chile, ca. 37° S (Ruiz & phylogenetically basal, relatively rare and poten- Berra, 1994). Diplomystes nahuelbutaensis is an en- tially threatened group of siluriforms, we here demic and the only diplomystid species known describe and illustrate these specimens empha- from the Río Bío Bío basin (Arratia, 1987; Ruiz & sizing the juveniles. Further, we offer general Berra, 1994). To our knowledge, the specimens in comparisons of the juvenile diplomystids to oth- this collection measuring about 13-14 mm SL are er siluriforms based largely on a synthesis of the smallest Diplomystes known (Figs. 2-3). The scattered published illustrations that summarize smallest diplomystid specimens reported in the the diversity and commonality of juvenile cat- literature are twice this size at about 30 mm SL fishes. (Arratia, 1983; Azpelicueta & Gosztonyi, 1998). * Department of Ichthyology, The Academy of Natural Sciences, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA. E-mail: [email protected] ** Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University, Mansfield, Ohio 44906, USA. E-mail: [email protected] *** Cornell University Museum of Vertebrates, E151 Corson Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. E-mail: [email protected] Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters, Vol. 15, No. 1 The whole contribution can be Dieser Beitrag kann als purchased as PDF fi le. PDF-Datei erworben werden. Availability Verfügbarkeit von PDF-Dateien Prinzipiell sind von allen unseren Publikationen PDF- Generally all our publications are available as PDF fi les; Dateien erhältlich. Komplette Publikationen in der Regel full publications as a general rule after the printed version erst nachdem die gedruckte Version vergriffen ist. An- is out of print. If you have questions concerning particu- fragen bezüglich bestimmter Beiträge richten Sie bitte lar contributions please contact us by e-mail: per E-Mail an [email protected]. [email protected]. 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