En Skør Og Blodtørstig Verden Mondofilm, Shockumentary Og Snuff Af Kenneth T

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En Skør Og Blodtørstig Verden Mondofilm, Shockumentary Og Snuff Af Kenneth T M ondo cane (1962, instr. Paolo Cavara, Gualtiero Jacopetti og Franco Prosperi). En skør og blodtørstig verden Mondofilm, shockumentary og snuff af Kenneth T. de Lorenzi ’’Reality is boring, lies are entertaining.” Mondo cane. Denne lille kyniske trivialitet udtales af Mondo cane - og de utallige sequels den misantropiske dokum entarfilm in­ og kopier, der fulgte i dens kølvand - er struktør Paolo (Philippe Leroy) i L’Occhio sensationalistiske exploitation-f i l m 1, d e r selvaggio ( 1 9 6 7 , The Wild Eye), en selvre­ i en tilsyneladende dokum entarisk (men fleksiv og kritisk fiktionsfilm om det så­ som regel iscenesat) form præsenterer på kaldte mondofilm -fænom en. The Wild Eye én gang frastødende og sært fascinerende er instrueret af Paolo Cavara, der sam m en perlerækker af mærkværdige, m orbide m ed m akkerparret Gualtiero Jacopetti og skikke og ritualer fra alle hjørner af klo­ Franco Prosperi i 1962 skrev og instrue- d e n . 182 rede den stilskabende $hockumentary-fv\m Det problematiske ved genren var al- af Kenneth T. de Lorenzi lerede fra starten dens m anipulation og gerne m ed en lille kortfilm , der viste en lemfældige omgang m ed sandheden. In­ ægte fødsel, og i en tid, hvor Hollyw ood­ struktørerne af Mondo cane har selv udtalt, film end ikke måtte vise en påklædt, gra­ at de um uligt kunne lave noget tilsvarende vid mave (uægte som ægte), var der, ikke i dag, hvor folk er så oplyste om selv den overraskende, stor interesse for film , der m indste lille afkrog af verden, og det kan viste verden som den virkelig var’. m an jo så vælge at tolke, som m an vil. Efter at uafhængige producenter som M e n Mondo cane leverede en velfungeren­ Roger Corm an - der med stor succes de filmisk skabelon til frem visning af vores lavede B-film direkte henvendt til teenage- uendelige fascination af døden. En slags publikum m et - havde gjort det klart for blueprint for shockum entary-genren, som enhver, at frem tiden lå i film for specifikke foreløbig er kulm ineret m ed kultisk dyr­ m ålgrupper frem for det brede fam iliepub­ kede film serier som Faces ofDeath ( I 9 7 8 - ) likum , begyndte Hollywoods interne cen­ o g Guinea Pig (Za Ginipiggu, 1985-), der sur im idlertid langsom t at slække på sine begge har direkte forbindelse til hele den mange krav. Mondo cane s overvæ ldende sejlivede m yte om den ultim ative filmiske succes skyldtes således ikke m indst, at den exploitation - snuff-film en, dvs. film , der rent faktisk kunne vises i de alm indelige angiveligt fremviser virkelige menneskers biografer i USA. faktiske død foran kam eraet. I d é e n t il Mondo cane opstod i kølvan­ det på de to film II mondo di notte ( 1 9 5 9 , Shockum entaries og exploitation. Da The World by Night, instr. Luigi Vanzi) og Mondo cane - titlen betyder direkte over­ Europa di Notte ( 1 9 5 9 , Europe by Night, sat ’hundeverden’ - fik premiere i 1962, instr. Alessandro Blasetti), der begge til­ blev den hurtigt en verdensom spændende bød et sensationalistisk indblik i natteli- succes, selv om det naturligvis langtfra vets udskejelser. Begge film var skrevet af var første gang, at film m agere havde haft Jacopetti og blev store succeser. øje for at udnytte folks hunger efter det Jacopetti slog sig derfor sam m en med sensationelle. Udnyttelsen af exploita- Franco Prosperi og Paolo Cavara om at tion-potentialet i levende billeder af det producere en film, der brugte de samme ukendte og det forbudte er lige så gammel idéer i et bredere perspektiv. D a Mondo som filmmediet selv. Tæ nk blot på Thom as cane blev modtaget m ed lige dele entu­ A. Edison, der så tidligt som i 1903 doku­ siasm e og forargelse verden over - den menterede elefanten Topsys død i Electro- blev bl.a. indstillet til De Gyldne Palm er cuting an Elephant. - fulgte de hurtigt op på succesen med Gennem det meste af den lange periode Mondo cane 2 (uden Cavara) og La donna (1933-68), hvor Hollywoods censurinstans nel mondo (Women of the World), b e g g e m ed hård hånd lugede anstødeligt indhold fra 1963. Disse to pænt succesrige sequels fra, så film kunne vises for alle aldersgrup­ bar dog præg af at være splejset hastigt per, var de m est geskæftige sensationalister sam m en og bestod for en stor del af fraklip im idlertid henvist til at vise forbudte bille­ fra den første film . der - som eksempelvis W illiam Beaudines Jacopetti og Prosperi fortsatte m ed de populære sex-hygiejnefilm ’ Mum and D ad ambitiøse, m en (ifølge dem selv) m is­ (1945) - i omrejsende road shows. F o r e ­ forståede, Africa addio (1966 - udgivet i visninger af Mum and Dad kulm inerede stærkt modificeret form som Africa Biood 183 En skør og blodtørstig verden and Guts i U SA i 1970) og Addio zio Tom På baggrund af denne sekvens berettes ( 1 9 7 1 , Goodbye Uncle Tom), s o m b e g g e en lille historie, der um uligt kan være an­ om handlede forskellige aspekter af Afrikas det end en go’, gammeldags skipperskrøne: historie - sidstnævnte i fiktionsform . De Det lille fiskersam fund har ikke spist andet afsluttede partnerskabet i 1975 m ed den i end krokodillekød i 30 år, og som følge af dag svært opstøvelige Mondo candido. den ensartede kost er (næsten) alle blevet infertile. D en lille dreng er (angiveligt) ’ E n h u n d s v e r d e n ’. M ondo cane o g d e n s det eneste barn, der har set dagens lys i sequels er i bund og grund en kom bina­ årevis, og derfor skænker landsbyen dette tion af exploitation-film en og gode, gam ­ lille om vandrende håb for deres sam funds meldags skipperskrøner. Vægten er enten frem tid den sjældne, dyrebare kæm pe­ på det spektakulære eller på sære, oftest karpe, de har landet. M ed en kommentar tabuiserede skikke og ritualer. Sex, vold og om , at ikke en bid af denne gyldne fisk’ vil dyrem ishandling er vigtige ingredienser, blive spist af andre end drengen, klippes til gerne med en rundhåndet dosis racisme næste indslag. som krydderi. Selv påstår Prosperi og co., Der er m ange andre steder, hvor man at de aldrig bevidst har været racistiske, kan have filmskaberne mistænkt for at og mange af de fortællerkom mentarer, der have udtæ nkt scenarierne selv. Det er for serveres i voice-over, kan da også meget vel eksem pel ret svært at tro på, at de fattige blot være et udtryk for alm indelig uviden­ fiskere i den første M ondo cane, s o m a lle h e d . har m istet et eller flere lem m er til glubske Film ene består af en række uafhængige hajer, ville bruge tid på at fange et antal sekvenser, der er optaget på mere eller hajer, stikke giftige søpindsvin ned i halsen m indre eksotiske locations over hele ver­ på dem og slippe dem løs igen, blot for at den. Sekvenserne kobles typisk således, at hæ vne sig. Ifølge fortælleren lider hajerne et ritual fra et ’prim itivt’ sam fund følges en hel uge, før de endelig dør. af et tilsvarende fra den civiliserede del af O g helt grotesk bliver det i et andet ind­ v e r d e n . slag fra den første film, hvor en afrikansk Det meste af det, der fortælles, er van­ kvinde am m er en pattegris, fordi det angi­ skeligt at verificere, m en især materialet veligt er skik og brug i hendes stam m e, at m ed forskellige etniske stam m er er så gro­ kvinder, der m ister et barn, må adoptere en tesk og uhyrligt, at m an har stærk m istanke forældreløs gris. Særligt når denne oplys­ om , at disse sekvenser er iscenesat for at ning følges af en nedladende bem ærkning passe til en vestlig pendant. om , at ”der stadig findes steder i verden, Et godt eksempel på den frie fantasi, hvor et spæ dbarns liv ikke sættes højere som præger mange af indslagene, findes i end en pattegris”. Kunne det tænkes, at Mondo cane 2, hvor en gruppe afrikanere film m agerne selv har digtet det hele? Ind­ ses i færd m ed at slæbe en død krokodille slaget er blevet kopieret i et utal af variatio­ op til en bålplads, hvor de tilbereder og ner i andre m ondofilm. fortærer den - naturligvis skildret i grafi­ ske detaljer og fra enhver tænkelig vinkel. Spydigheden går begge veje. Begge de to Dernæst m øder vi en kær, syv-årig dreng, første m ondofilm gør desuden tykt grin og vi ser en prim itiv flåde ankom m e med m ed m oderne, ’dekadent’ kunst. I den 184 en gigantisk guldfisk. første film går det ud over Yves Klein, der af Kenneth T. de Lorenzi yndede at få skønjom fruer til at sm øre sig ind i hans karakteristiske blå m aling og gnubbe sig op ad et lærred. Der er ingen ende på fortællerens sarkastiske nedla­ denhed. O g i den anden film er det en guru-agtig maler, der sidder som en Bud­ dha og spytter m aling ned i sm å glas, som nøgne unge kvinder indtager og spytter ud på et lærred. Det er endda klippet sådan, at de spytter um iddelbart i forlængelse af guruen, så det virker som om de udgør en slags forlængelse af hans m und.
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