Briefing Paper 2016/05 Deprivation in Aberdeen City An Analysis of the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation 2016 RESEARCH AND INFORMATION Research and Information Team Briefing Paper 2016/05 DEPRIVATION IN ABERDEEN CITY: An Analysis of the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation (SIMD) 2016 This briefing paper presents the results of the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation (SIMD) 2016 published by the Scottish Government on 31st August 2016. The SIMD is the Scottish Government’s official tool for identifying concentrations of small area deprivation in Scotland. Since 2004 it has been published every three to four years, with SIMD 2016 being the 5th edition. This briefing paper examines SIMD 2016 results for Aberdeen City and presents information on the number, population and locations of the most deprived data zones overall, and by individual domains of deprivation. The paper compares Aberdeen City’s local and national share of the most deprived 20% of data zones with other large urban local authorities and provides further analysis by Scottish parliamentary constituency and multi-member wards. For more information on this paper, please contact: Research and Information Team Office of Chief Executive Aberdeen City Council Old Town House, Broad Street 1st Floor, Room 1-3 Aberdeen, AB10 1FY 03000 200 291 [email protected] It is intended that this report will be used by council services and, where appropriate, our Community Planning partners to assist policy development and wider service delivery. This report, and other statistical reports, can be found in the ‘Stats and Facts’ section of the Aberdeen City Council website: www.aberdeencity.gov.uk/statsandfacts We value your comments/feedback and would appreciate if you could provide your comments on this paper by following the link: https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/RICustSat Briefing Paper: Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation 2016 Page 1 Executive Summary: The SIMD identifies small area concentrations of multiple deprivation across Scotland. It is based on the small area geography known as data zones, which enable users to compare relative deprivation at a small area level. There are 6,976 data zones in Scotland and 283 in Aberdeen City, with an average population of 809 per data zone. The SIMD can be used to identify Scotland’s most deprived small areas on an overall index (All domains) and for each individual domain (Income, Employment etc.), commonly by applying a cut-off such as 10%, 15% or 20%. Data zones are ranked according to their deprivation scores, where a rank of 1 is the most deprived and a rank of 6,976 is the least deprived. Those in the lowest 15% of all data zones are defined by the Scottish Government as having the greatest concentrations of deprivation. The SIMD 2016 results show that: • Based on overall index of deprivation, 9 of Aberdeen City’s 283 data zones are among the most deprived 15% of all Scottish data zones - 13 fewer than in SIMD 2012. • 4 Aberdeen City data zones are in the most deprived 15% of all Scottish data zones in the Income domain, 8 fewer than in SIMD 2012. • 5 Aberdeen City data zones are in the most deprived 15% of all Scottish data zones in the Employment domain, 9 fewer than in SIMD 2012. • 17 Aberdeen City data zones are in the most deprived 15% of all Scottish data zones in the Health domain, 31 fewer than in SIMD 2012. • 46 Aberdeen City data zones are in the most deprived 15% of all Scottish data zones in the Education, Skills & Training domain, 12 more than in SIMD 2012. • 13 Aberdeen City data zones are in the most deprived 15% of all Scottish data zones in the Access to Services domain, 3 more than in SIMD 2012. • 53 Aberdeen City data zones are in the most deprived 15% of all Scottish data zones in the Crime domain, 4 more than in SIMD 2012. • 74 Aberdeen City data zones are in the most deprived 15% of all Scottish data zones in the Housing domain, 33 more than in SIMD 2012. • Although the City has only 9 data zones in the overall ranking of the most deprived 15%, a further 13 data zones are in the most deprived 15-20%. The 22 Aberdeen City data zones in the most deprived 20% have a population of 18,055, this accounts for 7.9% of the City’s total population. Briefing Paper: Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation 2016 Page 2 • Aberdeen City has no data zones in the most deprived 5% overall index of multiple deprivation in Scotland. • The most deprived 20% data zones in Aberdeen City are located in Torry, Middlefield, Northfield, Seaton, Tillydrone, Woodside, Mastrick, Sheddocksley and George Street neighbourhoods. Most of the most deprived 20% data zones are concentrated in the priority localities identified by Community Planning Aberdeen. • The most deprived data zone overall in Aberdeen City is S01006634, which is in the Torry neighbourhood. This data zone is ranked 500th out of Scotland’s 6,976 data zones. According to the SIMD 2016, 11 local authorities have a larger national share of the 20% most deprived data zones in Scotland and 10 local authorities have a smaller share when compared with SIMD 2012. The SIMD 2016 data indicates that the two local authorities with the largest decrease in the national share of 20% most deprived data zones in Scotland are Aberdeen City and Clackmannanshire. When considering national and local share of deprivation in the most deprived 20% data zones in Scotland, Aberdeen City has a smaller share of deprivation than other large city local authorities within Scotland. Aberdeen City ranked 13th least deprived out of 32 local authority areas with a 7.8% local share and 1.6% national share. Briefing Paper: Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation 2016 Page 3 An analysis of the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation (SIMD) 2016 Introduction: The Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation (SIMD) is the Scottish Government’s official measure of small area multiple deprivation across Scotland. The SIMD provides a wealth of information to identify areas where individuals may experience multiple deprivation and also to identify areas of greater need for support and intervention. The results of SIMD 2016 were published by the Scottish Government on 31st August 2016. The SIMD is based on the small area geography known as data zones. SIMD 2016 is developed using 2011 based data zones whilst previous editions have used 2001 based data zones therefore, a direct comparison between the 2016 publication and previous editions is not possible (please see data limitation section for more information). There are 6,976 data zones in Scotland and 283 data zones in Aberdeen City. Based on 2014 small area population estimates published by the National Records of Scotland (NRS), Aberdeen City has an average population of 809 people per data zone. To analyse SIMD results, a cut-off is applied to identify the most deprived areas. As the SIMD provides a relative measure of deprivation, data zone rankings are categorised into vigintiles, deciles and quintiles. Quintiles contain 20% of Scotland’s data zones; deciles contain 10% of Scotland’s data zones; and vigintiles contain 5% of Scotland’s data zones. The Scottish Government considers data zones ranked within the lowest 15% to have the highest levels of deprivation. Due to the relatively small number of data zones falling within the national cut-off of 15%, it was felt that expanding the cut-off to 20% would be more useful in identifying areas of deprivation within Aberdeen City. The data for Aberdeen City, extrapolated from the SIMD 2016, can help guide the creation of policies targeted at reducing deprivation within the worst affected areas. The following table shows how most deprived 0-20% SIMD rankings are calculated. Rankings (out of 6,976 Vigintile Decile Quintile Scottish data zones) Most deprived (%) (5%) (10%) (20%) 1-349 Most deprived 0-5% 1 1 350-698 Most deprived 5-10% 2 1 699-1,046 Most deprived 10-15% 3 2 1,047-1,395 Most deprived 15-20% 4 This briefing paper is divided into three sections. Section 1 outlines the overall rankings of deprivation in Aberdeen City and the location of the most deprived data zones; Section 2 describes the individual domains of deprivation; Section 3 explains the national and local share of deprivation within the City. The information in all Tables and Figures for SIMD 2016 results are available on the Scottish Government website and can be viewed by following the link: http://www.gov.scot/Topics/Statistics/SIMD Briefing Paper: Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation 2016 Page 4 Note on methodology: The SIMD provides a rank for all 6,976 data zones in Scotland, where a rank of 1 is the most deprived and a rank of 6,976 is the least deprived. As deprivation can take many different forms, the SIMD combines seven different domains of deprivation. These domains are measured using a number of indicators to form individual relative indices for each particular dimension of deprivation. The SIMD 2016 is compiled from a total of 38 indicators covering the seven domains. For example, Employment domain is created based on three indicators – Unemployment Claimant Count averaged over 12 months, Working age Incapacity Benefit or Employment Support Allowance recipients and Working age Severe Disablement Allowance recipients. To produce an overall SIMD score and rank, each domain is given a weighting and then summated. The domains are weighted based on their relative importance in measuring multiple deprivation. The seven domains are: Income (weighting 28%) Employment (weighting 28%) Health (weighting 14%) Education, Skills & Training (weighting 14%) Access to Services (weighting 9%) Crime (weighting 5%) Housing (weighting 2%) For more information on the indicators used to compile SIMD 2016, see appendix 1.