DOCSLIB.ORG

Flora of Glacier National Park, Montana

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Flora of Glacier National Park, Montana 0K17S .37 SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE United States National Herbarium Volume 22, Part 5 FLORA OF GLACIER NATIONAL PARK MONTANA By PAUL C. STANDLEY WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1931 SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE United States National Herbarium Volume 22, Part ^ FLORA OF GLACIER NATIONAL PARK MONTANA By PAUL C. STANDLEY iiian)rv9 "IVDIWVJ.f>3 WASHINGTON \ GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1921 Si BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. PREFACE. Among the many thousands of persons who visit the national parks each year a large nmnber are deeply interested in the plant life, including not only the wealth of conspicuous flowering plants but the trees of the forest also. All the national parks offer excep- tional opportunity for the study and enjoyment of primeval vege- tation, and in this respect none of them perhaps is better provided with attractive and refreshing material than Glacier National Park, Montana. The present paper has been written for the purpose of ena- bling visitors to this park to become more familiar with its wild plants and to derive greater enjoyment from them. This publication will be useful not only in Glacier Park but elsewhere in the mountains of Idaho, Alberta, and British Columbia. Most of the common plants of Yellowstone National Park occur also in Glacier Park. The present flora will be found helpful therefore to travelers in the Yellowstone region. Frederick V. Coville, Curator of the United States Natiojial Herbarium. CONTENTS. Introduction 235 General features of the flora 236 Life 7.ones 238 Transition Zone 239 Canadian Zone 241 Hudsonian Zone 245 Arctic-Alpine Zone 247 Scope and plan of the flora 249 Earlier botanical exploration 251 Acknowledgments 253 Bibliography 253 Systematic treatment . 255 Key to the families 255 Annotated catalogue of species . 263 Index IX ILLUSTRATIONS. PLATES. Following page. Plate 33. View south from the Garden Wall, showing the mountains of the west slope 438 34. View southeast from Iceberg Tiake 438 35. Swiftciurent Valley 438 36. Pond near Swiftcurrent Creek below Lake McDermott 438 37. View from a point near Granite Park; Heavens Peak at the right . 438 38. A. Limber pine {Pinus flexilis) on Altyn Peak. B. Dense forest ^ of hemlock and giant cedar near Lake McDonald 438 39. Mountain side below Sperry Chalets 438 40. A. Shore of Lake McDonald. B. Sphagnum bog at Johns Lake . 438 41. View on the trail to Piegan Pass 438 42. A. Dwarfed trees at Swiftcurrent Pass. B. Meadow near Granite Park 438 43. Ptarmigan Lake 438 * 44. A. Lake Ellen Wilson and Gunsight Pass. B. An Arctic-Alpine . rock slide 438 45. A. Fir clubmoss {Lyco-podiuvi selago). B. Stiff clubmoss (Li/ropo- dium annotinum) 438 46. A. Running-pine (Lycopodium, clavatum). B. Queencup {Clintonia unifiora) 438 47. A. Western yew {Taxus brevifolia). B. Ladies'-tresses (Ibidium romanzoffianum) 438 48. A. FuTTple clevasitis {Clematis Columbiana) . B. White dryad (Dryas octopetala) 438 49. A. Alpine bistort {Polygonum, viviparum). B. Spiny currant {Ribes lacustre) 438 50. A. Red raspberry {Rubus strigos^is). B. Blue phacelia {Phacelia lyallii) 438 51. A. Canada buffaloberry {Lepargyrea canadensis). B. Cow parsnip {Heracleum lanalum) . 438 52. A. Rough aster {Aster conspicuus). B. Showy fleabane (Erigeron salsuginosii^s) 438 VII wew Vs.. FLORA OF GLACIEE NATIONAL PARK, MONTANA. By Paxtl C. Standley. INTRODUCTION. Glacier National Park lies in northwestern Montana along tlie main range of the Rockies. It embraces an area of 1,534 square miles, nearly all of which consists of masses of high mountains. On the north it adjoins British Columbia and Alberta; eastward stretch the prairies of the Blackfoot Indian Reservation, and to the west lie the mountains and heavy forests of the Flathead Valley. The Continental Divide runs along the crest of the chief mountain ridge. The drainage of the west (Pacific) slope of the park is conse- quently into the Columbia River, while on the east (Atlantic) slope it is partly to Hudson Bay and partly to the Missouri River. From one point, Triple Divide Peak, the drainage is partly into each of the three systems. The highest peaks of the region reach an altitude of but little more than 3,000 meters (10,000 feet), but the elevation of the surrounding country is comparatively low (950 meters on the west slope and 1,440 meters on the east slope), so that the mountains are quite as imposing in appearance as many of those in the southern Rockies which have a much greater elevation. The rocks of the park are stratified and of Algonkian age. They consist chiefly of shale, limestone, sandstone, and argillite, their pre- vailing colors being rich reds and dull greens. In many places the stratification is very regular and certain strata can be traced with the _^eye for many miles, but in other places the strata are folded and con- torted in an interesting fashion. Besides the stratified rocks, a con- ^ spicuous feature is an intrusion of diorite—an igneous rock—which can be followed for distance along the Garden Wall as a well- J a long - marked band of black. ^ The whole region of the park is extremely rugged (see plate 33), the 9 mountains usually having sharp summits and precipitous sides. The main ridge is broken only infrequently by passes, whose altitudes range from 1,800 to about 2,100 meters. The slopes of the mountain masses have been plowed by ancient glaciers, and numerous lateral valleys have been cut, along which streams now run. In many of the valleys lie large or small lakes whose waters are wonderfully trans- parent and beautifully colored in blue or green. Fed directly by 235 236 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL, HERBARIUM. streams from the snow fields and present glaciers, the water of these lakes is ice cold. High up on the peaks, in glacier basins, are often found miniature jewel-like lakes of intense colors, freqviently sur- rounded by the ice walls of the glaciers themselves. Most spectac- ular of them is Iceberg Lake, on the east slope, which all summer long is full of huge blocks of floating ice which have broken off from the overhanging glacier. In some of these small alpine lakes the water is milky white from the particles of rock, finely ground by glaciers, held in suspension. One of the most striking features of the park is found in the glaciers which have given it its name. These lie in depressions at the head of some valley or hang high up on steep rock slopes. None of them are very large—Blackfoot Glacier is about three miles wide—but there are over 60 of them in the park. Each one possesses all or most of the features of the largest glaciers, and in a small glacier one can see the processes of glacial action much more readily than in a large one. Streams of water flow away from each of these ice masses, often falling abruptly over high cUffs, carrying down chunks of ice and rock which are heard constantly crashing upon the rocks below. The streams themselves, which abound everywhere in the park, are one of its many attractive features. To most people another source of interest is the profusion of animal life.^ Deer, elk, moose, mountain sheep and goats, bears, and many smaller animals are found in varying abundance. Sheep and goats are particularly plentiful and may be seen by the visitor in any of the higher regions, sometimes even in the vicinity of the hotels and chalets. The streams and lakes are well stocked with trout and other fishes. The winters are long in northern Montana. Snow falls by middle September or even earlier; indeed, at high altitudes, it frequently falls even in midsummer. At low elevations it remains until late in the season. In 1919, although the snowfall had been extremely light the previous winter, numerous snow banks remained at middle or even at low altitudes the first of July. Because of the short summers, the tourist season is limited; it extends from June 15 to September 15. GENERAL FEATURES OF THE FLORA. All the national parks of the West possess many attractions for anyone interested in plants, whether from the esthetic or from the scientific standpoint, and for the study of plants none offers greater advantages than Glacier Park. The flora is rich in number of species, and the vegetation is luxuriantly developed. All through * See Wild animals of Glacier Park: The mammals, by Vernon Bailey; The birds, by Florence Merriam Bailey. Department of the Interior, National Park Ser^dce. 11)18. STANDLEY FLORA OF GLACIER PARK. 237 the summer there is a lavish display of color, which attains its climax about the first of July. The flowers follow close upon the retreating snow banks, and thus even when they are somewhat faded at lower altitudes they may be seen in all their vernal freshness on the high slopes. The growing season is so brief that plants must bloom and fruit quickly. At high altitudes, and to some extent at middle ones, there are no "spring," "sumLmer," or "fall" flowers, for nearly all plants are in bloom at once, asters and goldenrod mingling with violets, springbeauties, and anemones. At low altitudes, however, there are marked differences between the spring and autumn floras. The flora of Glacier Park is in general typical of the Rocky Mountain region, but like that of any restricted area it shows certain special characteristics. The Continental Divide, which traverses the park, is to a certain extent a barrier to plant migra- tion, and there are noticeable differences between the plants of the east and west slopes.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Redwood National Park
    Humboldt State University Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University Botanical Studies Open Educational Resources and Data 9-17-2018 Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Redwood National Park James P. Smith Jr Humboldt State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/botany_jps Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Smith, James P. Jr, "Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Redwood National Park" (2018). Botanical Studies. 85. https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/botany_jps/85 This Flora of Northwest California-Checklists of Local Sites is brought to you for free and open access by the Open Educational Resources and Data at Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Botanical Studies by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A CHECKLIST OF THE VASCULAR PLANTS OF THE REDWOOD NATIONAL & STATE PARKS James P. Smith, Jr. Professor Emeritus of Botany Department of Biological Sciences Humboldt State Univerity Arcata, California 14 September 2018 The Redwood National and State Parks are located in Del Norte and Humboldt counties in coastal northwestern California. The national park was F E R N S established in 1968. In 1994, a cooperative agreement with the California Department of Parks and Recreation added Del Norte Coast, Prairie Creek, Athyriaceae – Lady Fern Family and Jedediah Smith Redwoods state parks to form a single administrative Athyrium filix-femina var. cyclosporum • northwestern lady fern unit. Together they comprise about 133,000 acres (540 km2), including 37 miles of coast line. Almost half of the remaining old growth redwood forests Blechnaceae – Deer Fern Family are protected in these four parks.
    [Show full text]
  • KEYSTONE XL PIPELINE PROJECT: Rare Plants and Rare Ecological
    KEYSTONE XL PIPELINE PROJECT Rare Plants and Rare Ecological Communities (Condition 8) KXL1399-STCE-EN-RP-0002 Rev C January 2019 Prepared for: TransCanada Keystone Pipeline Limited Partnership A Wholly Owned Subsidiary of TransCanada PipeLines Limited Calgary, Alberta Prepared by: Stantec Consulting Ltd. Calgary, Alberta KEYSTONE XL PIPELINE PROJECT RARE PLANTS AND RARE ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES (CONDITION 8) Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................... I ABBREVIATIONS ....................................................................................................................... III 1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................ 1.1 2.0 SURVEY METHODS ..................................................................................................... 2.1 2.1 SUMMARY OF PREVIOUS SURVEYS ......................................................................... 2.1 2.1.1 Previous Rare Plants .................................................................................... 2.1 2.1.2 Previous Rare Ecological Communities ....................................................... 2.2 2.1.3 Other Data Sources ...................................................................................... 2.2 2.2 2017 SURVEYS ............................................................................................................. 2.2 2.2.1 Rare Plants ..................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • A Taxonomic and Ecologic Study of the Riverbottom Forest on St
    Great Basin Naturalist Volume 36 Number 3 Article 1 9-30-1976 A taxonomic and ecologic study of the riverbottom forest on St. Mary River, Lee Creek, and Belly River in southwestern Alberta, Canada Robert K. Shaw Cardston, Alberta, Canada Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/gbn Recommended Citation Shaw, Robert K. (1976) "A taxonomic and ecologic study of the riverbottom forest on St. Mary River, Lee Creek, and Belly River in southwestern Alberta, Canada," Great Basin Naturalist: Vol. 36 : No. 3 , Article 1. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/gbn/vol36/iss3/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Western North American Naturalist Publications at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Great Basin Naturalist by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. The Great Basin Naturalist Published at Provo, Utah, by Brigham Young University Volume 36 September 30, 1976 No. 3 A TAXONOMIC AND ECOI.OGIC STUDY OF THE RIVERBOTTOM FOREST ON ST. MARY RIVER, LEE CREEK, AND BELLY RIVER IN SOUTHW^ESTERN ALBERTA, CANADA Robert K. Shawi Abstr.\ct. — The riverbottom forest community of St. Mary River. Lee Creek, and Belly River in southvvestern Alberta. Canada, is a unique ecological entity characterized by poplar species hav- ing their major Alberta distribution along these streams. Stands in the community are dominated by three tree species, six shrub species, and nine herb species. Establishment of the community is dependent on climate and substrate; destruction is the result of progressive lateral stream-flow erosion.
    [Show full text]
  • National List of Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands
    ;>\ ....--'. PB89-169940 BIOLOGICAL REPORT 88(26.9) MAY 1988 NATIONAL LIST OF PLANT SPECIES THAT OCCUR IN WETLANDS: . NORTHWEST (REGION 9) " h d W"ldl"f S· In Cooperation with the National and FIS an I I e ervlce Regional Interagency Review Panels U.S. Department of the Interior REPR~EDBY u.s. DEPARTMENTOF COMMERCE NATIONAL TECHNICAL ItEORMATJON SERVICE SPRINGFIELD. VA 22161 S02n-'Ol RE?ORT DOCUMENTATION 11. REPORT NO. PAG, iBioloqical Report 88(26.9) 4. TItle arld SUbtitle National List of Plant Species That Occur in Wetiands: Northwe~t (Region 9). 7. Autllor(s) Porter B. Reed, Jr. 9. Perfonnlnc O,..nl.etton H..... • nd _ .... National Ecology Research Center U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 11. <:omncttC) or Gr.ntCG) No. Creekside One Bldg., 2627 Redwing Rd. Fort Collins, CO 80526-2899 CGl 12. SIlO....,.;n. O,..nlUtlon H_ .rld Acid.... 13. TYIMI of Repott & Period e-Nd Department of the Interior U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Research and Development 14. Washington, DC 20240 The National list of Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands represents the combined efforts of many biologists over the last decade to define the wetland flora of the United States. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service initially developed the list in order to provide an appendix to the Classification of Wetlands and Deepwater Habitats of the United States (FWS/OBS 79/31) to assist in the field identification of wetlands. Plant species that occur in wetlands, as used in the National List, are defined as species that have demonstrated an ability to achieve maturity and reproduce in an environment where all or portions of the soil within the root zone become, periodically or continuously, saturated or inundated during the growing season.
    [Show full text]
  • Utah Flora: Juncaceae
    Great Basin Naturalist Volume 46 Number 2 Article 32 4-30-1986 Utah flora: Juncaceae Sherel Goodrich U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ogden, Utah Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/gbn Recommended Citation Goodrich, Sherel (1986) "Utah flora: Juncaceae," Great Basin Naturalist: Vol. 46 : No. 2 , Article 32. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/gbn/vol46/iss2/32 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Western North American Naturalist Publications at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Great Basin Naturalist by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. UTAH FLORA: JUNCACEAE Sherel Goodrich' Abstract— A revision of the rush family, Juncaceae is presented for the state of Utah. Included are 28 taxa in two genera. Keys to genera and species are provided, along with detailed descriptions, distributional data, and other comments. No new taxa or combinations are proposed. This paper is another in a series of works Juncaceae leading to a definitive treatment of the flora of Rush Family Utah. The rush family as represented in Utah is rather small in comparison to some other Perennial or annual grasslike herbs; stems families, but plants of the family are abundant terete or flattened, not jointed, caespitose or throughout mesic and wet places of the state. arising singly or few together from rhizomes; Floral structures are reduced and uniform, leaves sheathing, alternate or all basal, mostly and identification often entails observation of 2-ranked, blades linear, sometimes much re- such minute features as tailed appendages on duced or lacking; inflorescence headlike to open seeds.
    [Show full text]
  • Field Guide to Intermountain Rushes
    United States Department of Field Guide to Agriculture Forest Service Intermountain Intermountain Research Station Rushes General Technical Report INT-306 Emerenciana G. Hurd Sherel Goodrich May 1994 Revised January 1997 Nancy L. Shaw THE AUTHORS Idaho, an M.S. degree in botany at Idaho State University, and a Ph.D. EMERENCIANA G. HURD is bota- degree in crop science at Oregon nist with the Intermountain Re- State University. search Station at the Forestry Sci- ences Laboratory in Boise, ID. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Originally from the Phillipines, she holds a B.S. degree in biology from Warren Clary, Project Leader of Whitman College, Walla Walla, WA, the Intermountain Research and M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Station’s Riparian/Stream Ecology botany from Northern Arizona and Management Research Work University. Unit, suggested the idea of devel- SHEREL GOODRICH is range con- oping field guides for grasslike spe- servationist for the Ashley National cies of Intermountain riparian areas. Forest, Vernal, UT. He received a We appreciate his helpful advise B.S. degree in range management and leadership in the accomplish- from Utah State University in 1971 ment of this work. We offer special and an M.S. degree in botany from thanks to Joy Mastrogiuseppe, cu- Brigham Young University in 1981. rator of the Marion Ownbey Her- He worked extensively in Utah and barium, Washington State Univer- central Nevada when he was with sity, for her taxonomic assistance; the Intermountain Research Sta- Lynda Smithman, Intermountain tion, Provo, UT. Research Station, for her helpful suggestions and encouragement; NANCY L. SHAW is botanist with Joe Duft for his assistance with the Intermountain Research Station photography; and Gary Hurd for his at the Forestry Sciences Laboratory willingness to drive long distances in Boise, ID.
    [Show full text]
  • Landscaping with Edible Colorado Native Plants
    Landscaping with Edible Colorado Native Plants This list was developed for a presentation given to members of the Front Range Wild Ones on March 4, 2014 by Brian Elliott. The list is not exhaustive but provides a number of plant choices for edible native landscapes in Colorado. It must be emphasized, however, that the use of wild foods can be a hazardous undertaking, particularly if one is unfamiliar with plant identification. One must be certain of species identification prior to using native plant species for food! If wild plant material is gathered I recommend following the Colorado Native Plant Society’s guidance on Ethics of Collecting Native Plants available at www.conps.org/pdf/About_Us/etics_of_collecting.pdf. TREES AND SHRUBS Scientific Name Common Name Habit Edibility Amelanchier alnifolia and Saskatoon medium shrubs The small pomes can be eaten raw, dried, or pounded and used in A. utahensis serviceberry, Utah to small trees pies, cakes, jellies, sauces, breads, and wine. Dried and pounded serviceberry fruit was also stored in large loaves, some weighing as much as fifteen pounds. Crataegus spp. hawthorn small trees The fruit can be used fresh or dried in jams, jellies, pies, sauces, or for wine. The seeds, however, should not be eaten. The fruit can also be cooked, mashed, de-seeded, dried, and then ground into cakes or loaves. These loaves can be used as meal or added to flour. Cooking improves the usually mealy and insipid fruit. Flowers can be used in salads, desserts, and drinks. Colorado species include Crataegus erythropoda (cerro hawthorn), Crataegus rivularis (river hawthorn), Crataegus macrantha var.
    [Show full text]
  • Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora, Cedar Breaks National
    National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Program Center Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora Cedar Breaks National Monument Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/NCPN/NRTR—2009/173 ON THE COVER Peterson’s campion (Silene petersonii), Cedar Breaks National Monument, Utah. Photograph by Walter Fertig. Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora Cedar Breaks National Monument Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/NCPN/NRTR—2009/173 Author Walter Fertig Moenave Botanical Consulting 1117 W. Grand Canyon Dr. Kanab, UT 84741 Editing and Design Alice Wondrak Biel Northern Colorado Plateau Network P.O. Box 848 Moab, UT 84532 February 2009 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Program Center Fort Collins, Colorado The Natural Resource Publication series addresses natural resource topics that are of interest and applicability to a broad readership in the National Park Service and to others in the management of natural resources, including the scientifi c community, the public, and the NPS conservation and environmental constituencies. Manuscripts are peer-reviewed to ensure that the information is scientifi cally credible, technically accurate, appropriately written for the intended audience, and is designed and published in a professional manner. The Natural Resource Technical Report series is used to disseminate the peer-reviewed results of scientifi c studies in the physical, biological, and social sciences for both the advancement of science and the achievement of the National Park Service’s mission. The reports provide contributors with a forum for displaying comprehensive data that are often deleted from journals because of page limitations. Current examples of such reports include the results of research that addresses natural resource management issues; natural resource inventory and monitoring activities; resource assessment reports; scientifi c literature reviews; and peer- reviewed proceedings of technical workshops, conferences, or symposia.
    [Show full text]
  • RIIN2 Propagation Protocol
    Plant Propagation Protocol for Ribes inerme ESRM 412 – Native Plant Production easterncoloradowildflowers.com a. stem with nodal spines and intermodal bristles, leaf 3-lobbed; b. fruit, a smooth berry; c. flower with reflexed sepals and stamens extending about twice as long as petals; d. dissected flower with pilose pistil. (Van Arsdel) TAXONOMY Family Names Family Scientific Grossulariaceae Name: Family Common Currant Name: Scientific Names Genus: Ribes Species: inerme Species Authority: Rydb. (USDA) Variety: Sub-species: Cultivar: Authority for Variety/Sub- species: Common Grossularia inermis (Rydb.) Coville & Britt. (ITIS) Synonym(s) Grossularia inermis var. pubescens Berger (ITIS) (include full Ribes divaricatum var. inerme (Rydb.) McMinn (ITIS) scientific names Ribes inerme var. subarmatum M.E. Peck (ITIS) (e.g., Elymus Ribes valicola Greene ex Rydb. (ITIS) glaucus Buckley), Ribes purpusii Koehne ex Blank. (Bonner) including variety or subspecies information) Common Name(s): Whitestem gooseberry, Whitestem currant (USDA) White- stemmed gooseberry (Bonner) Species Code (as per RIIN2 USDA Plants database): GENERAL INFORMATION Geographical range (distribution maps for North America and Washington state) (USDA) Ecological Is found in wetland-riparian areas (calflora) distribution (ecosystems it occurs in, etc): Climate and Requires a minimum of 130 frost free days (USDA) elevation range Found at elevations between 3937 and 10827 feet (calflora) Local habitat and Adapted to coarse and medium soils. (USDA) abundance; may include commonly associated species Plant strategy type / Utilizes dense Summer foliage porosity for success. Able to resprout successional stage readily. (USDA) (stress-tolerator, competitor, weedy/colonizer, seral, late successional) Plant characteristics Shrub, at 8 feet when mature. Has green flowers and ded edible fruit.
    [Show full text]
  • A Taxonomic and Ecologic Study of the Riverbottom Forest on St. Mary River, Lee Creek and Belly River in Southwest Alberta, Canada
    Brigham Young University BYU ScholarsArchive Theses and Dissertations 1974-08-01 A taxonomic and ecologic study of the riverbottom forest on St. Mary River, Lee Creek and Belly River in southwest Alberta, Canada Robert Keith Shaw Brigham Young University - Provo Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd BYU ScholarsArchive Citation Shaw, Robert Keith, "A taxonomic and ecologic study of the riverbottom forest on St. Mary River, Lee Creek and Belly River in southwest Alberta, Canada" (1974). Theses and Dissertations. 7976. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/7976 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. f fO L2- ol 'tJ A TAXONOMICAND ECOLOGIC STUDY OF THE RIVERBOTTOMFOREST ON ST. MARYRIVER, LEE CREEKAND BELLY RIVER IN SOUTHWESTALBERTA, CANADA A Dissertation Presented to the Department of Botany and Range Science Brigham Young University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy by I Robert Keith Shaw August 1974 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The author wishes to extend his thanks to all those who have helped make this work possible. Gratitude is expressed to Dr. S. L. Welsh, Dr. J. R. Murdock and Dr. C. Lynn Hayward of Brigham Young University for their counsel and guidance during the course of this study. The use of the Herbarium of Brigham Young University and the assistance rendered by its curator, Dr. S. L. Welsh, in identifying plant specimens are gratefully acknowledged.
    [Show full text]
  • Common Wetland Plants of Colorado's Eastern Plains
    Common Wetland Plants of Colorado’s Eastern Plains A Pocket Guide Second Edition Prepared for: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 8 1595 Wynkoop Street Denver, CO 80202-1129 Prepared by: Denise R. Culver Colorado Natural Heritage Program Warner College of Natural Resources Colorado State University Fort Collins, CO 80523-1475 2018 Acknowledgements: The Common Wetland Plants of the Eastern Plains: A Pocket Guide , First Edition, was funded by an U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 8, Wetland Program Development Grant (CD 968121212) with oversight from Mitra Jha and Cynthia Gonzales. Brian Sullivan, Colorado Parks and Wildlife Wetlands Program Coordinator, and Colorado State University provided in-kind match. The Second Edition was funded by an U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 8, Wetlands Program Development Grant (CD 96852201. Funding for the printing of the second edition was provided in part by Tass Kelso and George Maentz. Layout and copy editing: Kirstin Holfelder, Puja Gurung, and Sierra Crumbaker Book Reviewers: Pam Smith, Bernadette Kuhn, Joanna Lemly, Laurie Gilligan, and Claire Tortorelli Printed by: Frederic Printing, Aurora, Colorado Front Cover Photographs: playa-Denise Culver, northern water plantain-Neal Kramer, Baltic rush-Keir Morse, alkali buttercup-Steve Matson, Nebraska sedge-Trent M. Draper, smartweed-Matt Below Back Cover Photograph: Michael Menefee Opposite Page Photograph: John Fielder Willow, sparrow, and grebe drawings: Jim Carroll Email: [email protected] http://www.cnhp.colostate.edu
    [Show full text]
  • Vascular Plant Flora of Red Canyon Ranch
    Vascular Plant Flora of Red Canyon Ranch Scientific name Common name Allium brandegei Brandegee's onion FERNS AND FERN ALLIES Allium cernuum Nodding onion Cystopteris fragilis Brittle bladder-fern Allium textile White wild onion Equisetum arvense Field horsetail Alyssum alyssoides Pale madwort Equisetum laevigatum Smooth scouring-rush Alyssum desertorum Desert madwort Selaginella densa Spikemoss Antennaria anaphaloides Tall pussytoes TREES AND SHRUBS Antennaria microphylla Small-leaf pussyoes Acer glabrum Rocky Mountain maple Antennaria rosea Rosy pussytoes Amelanchier alnifolia var. alnifolia Saskatoon serviceberry Antennaria umbrinella Brown-bract pussytoes Artemisia cana var. cana Coaltown sagebrush Arnica cordifolia Heart-leaf leopardbane Artemisia frigida Prairie sagebrush Arnica mollis Cordilleran leopardbane Artemisia nova Black sagebrush Artemisia dracunculus Dragon wormwood Artemisia tridentata var. tridentata Basin big sagebrush Artemisia ludoviciana var. ludoviciana White sagebrush Artemisia tridentata var. vaseyana Mountain big sagebrush Asperugo procumbens German-madwort Artemisia tridentata var. wyomingensis Wyoming big sagebrush Astragalus agrestis Cock's-head Artemisia tripartita var. rupicola Three-tip sagebrush Astragalus alpinus Alpine milkvetch Betula occidentalis Water birch Astragalus argophyllus var. argophyllus Silver-leaf milkvetch Ceanothus velutinus Tobacco-brush Astragalus bisulcatus var. bisulcatus Two-groove milkvetch Cercocarpus montanus Alder-leaf mountain Astragalus chamaeleuce var. Cicada milkvetch mahogany
    [Show full text]