Volume 17 - Issue 2 - November, 1907 Rose Technic Staff Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology

Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology Rose-Hulman Scholar

Technic Student Newspaper

Fall 11-1907 Volume 17 - Issue 2 - November, 1907 Rose Technic Staff Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology

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THE ROSE TECHNIC—ADVERTISEMENTS.

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kr. ‘N • W Rose Polytechnic Institute, 'Pi/ Founded by the late Chauncey Rose, AT TERRE HAUTE, IND.

A COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING. /(11 Offers a SCIENTIFIC EDUCATION based on Mathematics, Modern Languages, Physical 1.tri Sciences and Drawing, with thorough instruction in the Principles and Practice of 1.e içrt MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, ffe CIVIL ENGINEERING, CHEMISTRY, ARCHITECTURE. 411

FACULTY. LEO MEES, PH.D., President and Professor FRANK C. WAGNER, • C of Physics. A.M., Associate Professor of Steam and IP JAMES A. WICKERSHAM, AM...Professor of Languages. Electrical Engineering. JOHN WHITE, PH.D., Professor Chemistry. JOHONNOTT. • of EDWIN S. PHI)., Associate Prof. of Physics. fe MALVERD A. HOWE, CE., Professor of Civil Engineering. ELMER H. WILLMARTH, B.S., Supt. Machine Shops. up THOMAS GRAY, PH.D., Director of Dynamic Engineering ROBERT L McCORMICK, C.a.. Instructor in Mathematics Department. and Civil Engineering. ARTHUR S. HATHAWAY, B.S., Professor of Mathematics. N. H. WILLIAMS, M.S., Instructor in Physics. ft! ;1; JOHN B. PEDDLE, M. E., Associate Professor of Machine P. W. BENNETT, A. B., Instructor in German and Libra- ip %VI Design and Drawing. ran. LUTHER KNIGHT, B.S., Instructor in Chemistry. ARTHUR PAIGE, M.S.,.Instructot in Drawing W. R. PLEW, B.S. Ass't Instructor in Civil Engineering. E. T. WIRES, Instructor in Wood Shop. MRS. S. P. BURTON, Registrar. • .1161.1 •Zist :41 . . • Alp

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C Period teals Your patronage will be highly "RUBE" BARNES Grand Opera House %Aiding appreciated. Prolbrkeecoriit

11,4%1111,10‘11W~I,WINIVIVVV1W011114~~1,11,6,11 Might as well wear the best in our line. It costs no more I Laundering, Dyeing, Cleaning.

H. M. MOSBY, Polytechnic Agent MI OF 13llflOO11fl a OO1fl O:1

THE J. R. DUNCAN Complete line of Stationery, Drawing Instruments, and PAPER Se. STATIONERY CO. Supplies for Draughtsmen 666 Ohio Street. and Engineers.

Always mention THE TECHNIC when writing to our advertisers. It may help us. ROSE TECHNIC—ADVERTISEMENTS. MADISON'S MYERS EROS. THE HOME OF TOTALLY DIFFERENT ball Pbarniacr AND BETTER CLOTHES.

N.W. Cor. 7th & Wabash Ave. Tcrre Haute, Ind Smart Suits for College Boys. THE PUREST DRUGS Our lines of Smart "College Brand" Suits for Young Men are filling a •`long felt want" in the heart of many PRESCRIPTIONS OUR MAIN EFFORT. a swell Young Dresser. We have the styles that appeal to the Young Man -Gunther's Fine Chicago Candies that takes a keen interest in his personal appearance. The new medium length, shapely cut Coat, with graceful Collar and Lapels, Cuffs on Sleeves, the hand- •MN •1111111111110•11.1 MID 0111111111111 some hanging Trousers, and the many little effects that go to making Swell Garments, combine to KEUFFEL & CO. PLEASE THE SMART YOUNG DRESSER. OF NEW YORK $12 - $15 - $18 - $25 I 813 LOCUST ST., ST. LOUIS, MO. Our Swell Suits will give the Young Man a high face value in appearance. If he fails to make good—well, that's up to him. Our Smart Clothes will do their part. DRAWING MATERIALS A TEN PER CENT. DISCOUNT WILL BE ALLOWED POLY BOYS THIS MONTH. MATHEMATICAL and SURVEYING INSTRUMENTS MEASURING TAPES SWAGGER BOOTS Our aim is to supply your wants and our Paragon SDrawing Key Brand pockets. Arrow Brand Instruments We are ready, you will find, with the right stuff. PARAGON - ANVIL - UNIVERSAL - DUPLEX PAPERS NEW YORK SHOE CO. 681 WABASH AVE., near 7th. CLARENCE E. KIRK, Pres. Adjustable Slide Rules — THE STORE THAT QUALITY BUILT"

CATALOGUE ON APPLICATION Terre Haute Pressing Club

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Always mention THE TECHNIC when writing to our advertisers. It may help us. (1) THE ROSE TECHNIC—ADVERTISEMENTS. YOUR FRIENDS are probably your Polys! Severest Clothes Critics. Den Pictures for They look you over unfeel- your room. ingly, and want to know i; "Where'd you get it?" and DAVIDSON &I WHEAT DAVIDSON, '10 ELLIOTT, '10 "How much?" iimmszon We'll put you in to clothes that will stand analysis — Boys — when you want the Style, Fit, Tailoring —and when you tell them the latest in hair cutting, in the pret, price, they'll start for here. tiest shop in the city, by men who know how—see me. - , maiieriq Good Ct..10_ - M dorate,', HERBERT SCHNELL, 4\N osb

21 North Seventh St. Opposite Postoffice 102 SOUTH 7th 7th AND 01110 itPolvtechnic Pharmacy The Terre Haute J. F. BRUNNER, PROPRIETOR, CORNER THIRTEENTH AND LOCUST STS. ?rioting Compaq • Drugs, Chemicals, Etc. Prescriptions a specialty. MAKE A SPECIALTY OF

Candies, Tobacco, Cigars, Pipes WINDOW CARDS

ROBT. N. T. KADEL J. O. RICHARDSON Dance and Party Burnt Wood Statuary Announcements KADEL 8t, RICHARDSON Programs Mt Shop PICTURES, FRAMES AND MOULDINGS Menu Cards, Etc. FRAMING A SPECIALTY Artists' Materials NEW PHONE 985 125 S. SEVENTH ST. AND OHIO STREETS IND. FIFTH TERRE HAUTE, COR. Always mention this publication when doing business with our advertisers. VOL. XVII. TERRE HAUTE, IND., NOVEMBER, 1907. No. 2

streets, for destruction of property or breach of THE TECHNIC. the peace, must be wrong, in part at least, and it is the wrong part of this BOARD OF EDITORS custom which it was desired to do away with. Editor in Chief The second event was the action of the faculty CARL B. ANDREWS. Associate Editors, in disbanding the football team. This action was E. M. BRENNAN, Assistant Editor taken a few days after the football game with JAS. A. SHEPARD, Reviews Vanderbilt University, at which game Douthett, EMIL J. FISCHER, Alumni who has acquired professional athletic standing J. E. BERNHARDT, Athletics from his connection with the Terre Haute base- CLARENCE W. SPROULL,' Locals HARRY W. WATTS, ball team during the summer, was played as a R. M. STUBBS, Artist substitute for a few minutes in the last half of Executive Department. the game, with the knowledge and consent of the IvAN R. RALSTON, Business Manager PAUL P. STOKES, Assistant Business Manager manager of the Vanderbilt team. Under the rules adopted at the Indiana Faculty TERMS: Athletic Conference held in October, 1906, pub- One Year, $1.00. Single Copy, 15 cents. lished in THE TECHNIC for November, 1906, it Issued Monthly at the Rose Polytechnic Ins!itute. is held that the team by the playing of Douthett Entered at the Post Office, Terre Haute, Indiana, as second-clas mail matter. became a semi-professionable team, which can- not be allowed to take part in college athletics. HE Junior class is to be complimented on The rule violated reads as follows: T their choice of a memorial. The new walk RULE 2. No student shall participate in any intercol- legate contest who has ever used, or is using his knowl- which bears the numerals of the '09 men pos: edge of athletics or his athletic skill for gain. * * * sesses both qualities of utility and ornament While the disbanding of the team seemed which have characterized the memorials of recent like an extreme action, it was considered years, it occupies a prominent but not obtrusive that any of the lesser actions proposed would be position on the Institute grounds, and is of such looked upon as an effort to condone the violation a nature that it should long withstand the rav- of the rules, or an attempt to evade the spirit of ages of time. them for the sake of such financial benefit as might be had from the completion of the schedule. WO events of an unusual nature which have There may be room for a difference of opinion T occurred during the past month deserve here, but it is to be remembered as an axiom that more than a passing notice. The first was the in a question of right or wrong it is always ex- agreement between the Sophomore and Fresh- pedient to do the right, regardless of precedent, man classes that there should be no interference and that it is better to be so straight as to bend in banquet affairs, the text of which is printed backward than to be under suspicion of a ready elsewhere in this issue. This action resulted willingness to stoop to conquer. from the suggestions of the Students' Council, The whole episode is to be regretted, but we and while it may be regretted to a certain extent, believe that under the present action, the good it is thought that its commendable features more name of Rose will be left free from all taint of than compensate for the loss of the memory of a suspicion, and that in the end the faculty's ac- banquet scrap. It is certain that a custom which tion will be shown to have been the best possible leads to the arrest of students for obstructing the under the circumstances. 22 THE ROSE TECHNIC. AUTOMATIC BLOCK SIGNALS. By A. G. SHAVER,'97. HE large number of railway accidents occur- that the first installation was made in 1871 near T ring during the last year has interested the Boston on 16 miles of what is now a part of the public to the extent that the block signal system, Boston and Maine Railroad. Other installations as a means of preventing the collisions between followed at intervals, but it was not until 1879, trains and wrecks due to broken rails and defec- when the track circuit was introduced and found tive or misplaced switches, is being given greater practicable, that noticeable progress was made. consideration than ever before. Since that time there has been a steady growth The several methods of block signaling, de- in automatic block signaling till at the present pending upon the manner in which the signals time some 10,000 miles of railroad are so are controlled and operated, are divided into equipped. three classes The American Railway Association, of which 1st—The manual block system, in which the nearly all the railroads in America are members, signals are manually operated by signalmen in has explained some of the fundamental features accordance with information transmitted from and functions of block signaling in the following one signalman to another. definitions : 2nd—The controlled manual block system, in BLOCK—A length of track of defined limits, which the signals are usually manually operated the use of which by trains is controlled by block and so constructed and connected as to require signals. the co-operation of the signalmen at both ends BLOCK SIGNAL—A fixed signal controlling the every time a train is admitted to the block. use of a block. 3rd—The automatic block signal system, in HOME BLOCK SIGNAL—A fixed signal at the which the signals are operated by any suitable entrance of a block to control trains in entering power, as electricity or some compressed gas, and using the said block. and controlled electrically to indicate stop or pro- DISTANT BLOCK SIGNAL—A fixed signal used ceed, depending upon the presence or absence of in connection with a home block signal to regu- of a train in the block or some other condition late the approach thereto. affecting the safe movement of trains, as open ADVANCE BLOCK SIGNAL—A fixed signal used switches or broken rails. in connection with a home block signal to sub- The manual block system appears to have been divide the block in advance. first used in this country in 1863 or 1864 on a BLOCK SYSTEM — A series of consecutive line between Philadelphia, Pa., and Trenton, N. blocks. J., now a part of the Pennsylvania Railroad. Though the signal devices installed five or six This system is yet more largely used than any years ago were considered very satisfactory and other, particularly on lines of light traffic and those in service at the present time are giving many single track railroads. good results, vet there has been and is now a The controlled manual block system was intro- gradual evolution in the design of apparatus al- duced on the New York Central and Hudson ways tending toward simplification and increased River Railroad in 1882. It is now operated on efficiency at less cost. more than 1,000 miles of railroad and its use is The very earliest forms of automatic signals being extended. were of the clock work and disc patterns, but, Automatic block signals were invented and de- because of the greater visibility of the semaphore veloped in America. Indeed, very few are yet and because of its almost exclusive use for inter- in service in foreign countries. Records show lockings and the various manual signals, an auto- THE ROSE TECHNIC. ;

matic semaphore signal was soon developed and applied in such a way that the two rails which is now more largely used than any other. are connected do not come into electrical con- All installations of automatic block signals tact. have electro-magnetic controlling features and, The track battery ordinarily consists of two with but few exceptions, electric track circuits. gravity cells connected in parallel, though in It is only through the track circuit as a medi- some installations a storage battery is being used um that absolute safety in block signaling may with as good or better results. be attained. The electrical resistance of the track is very The development of the art has been such that low and with good bonding never more than .25 today an automatic block system signal system ohm per 1,000 feet of track, which is about the is considered very imperfect if a signal does not, maximum in cold weather with all the rail joints by displaying its stop indication, denote the pres- open. ence of a train, a broken rail or an open switch The resistance of .the track relay electro-mag- in the block. The track circuit through which net is usually four ohms, but in some cases, with this is accomplished is very simple. A section well insulated track and short sections, a resist- of track is fixed upon for the circuit ; an isolated ance of nine ohms is used. joint is placed in each rail at each end of the sec- The track relay is equipped with contacts tion; all the ordinary rail joints coming within which, when the electro-magnet is energized or

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AVIV C If -0 Al 7"/7C P7a.- the section are bonded with two No. 8 B. W. G. de-energized, make or break auxiliary circuits E. B. B. galvanized iron wires; a battery is con- controlling the signals. Normally it is eneigized, nected at one end of the section and the electro- but when a train enters the track circuit, the magnet of a relay at the other end. Thus a electrical resistance of the contact between the complete circuit is established, the rails serving wheels and the rails is so small that the electro- as conductors to connect the battery to the elec- magnet is practically shunted and the armature tro-magnet. Fig. I illustrates this. falls by gravity, thus operating the signal cir- Track circuit sections may vary in length up cuits. to six and seven thousand feet, depending upon High speeds and heavy trains require that track and climatic conditions. These lengths are there should be a home and distant signal for extreme and exceptional, however. Under ordi- every block. The length of block is dependent nary track conditions with good drainage, un- primarily upon the density of traffic. Where treated cross-ties and good gravel ballast free the blocks are one and one-half miles or less in from rail contact, it is considered good practice length; it is common practice to mount the home to make them twenty-five hundred to three thou- and distant signal arms on one post, the distant sand feet long. arm on any one post ordinarily operating as the The insulated joints are similar in many re- distant signal for the home arm on the next post spects to ordinary rail joints with the exception in advance. But where the blocks are longer that an insulating material, usually hard fibre, is than one and one-half miles, to mount the dis- 24 THE ROSE TECHNIC. tant and home arms on one post would bring the indicating that home signal 5 is at stop, and must distant signal so far away from its home as to therefore proceed prepared to stop at signal 5. make its indication ineffective; therefore, in such If signals are equally spaced and this latter train cases the home and distant arms are mounted up- always keeps the same distance behind the train on separate posts two to four thousand feet apart, ahead, it will run under caution signals all the the exact distance being dependent upon the way. It will be noted that the trains in blocks space required in which to stop the fastest train 8 and 2 are spaced with two blocks between them should the distant signal indicate caution and the and each is running under both clear distant and home signal stop. home signals. .3 0/ 7 OS _9 47 7 , nil [1_11_4

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F/G. Many railroads now use as night signal indi- Fig. 3 illustrates an arrangement of semaphore with the cations, red for stop, yellow for caution and automatic block signals on double track It is in green for clear or proceed. When a home sema- home and distant arms on separate posts. phore signal indicates stop, its arm is in a hori- effect the same as Fig. 2 but with longer blocks. operating zontal position and in addition at night a red There are two general methods of light is displayed. When either a home or dis- automatic block signals known as "normally its tant semaphore signal indicates clear, proceed, clear" and "normally danger." Each has ad- its its arm is inclined downward, usually 600, and vantages, each is largely used and each has in addition at night a green light is displayed. advocates among the principal signal companies. 7 07 / 0/ 3 03 6 OS ELIfl 4

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/ a Fig. 2 illustrates an arrangement of semaphore A normal clear signal is one which indicates when automatic block signals on double track where proceed, block clear, at all times excepting the home and distant arms are on the same post. the condition of the block is such that a stop sig- or Home signal 5 and distant signals D5 and D3 are nal should be given, as when there is a train indicating stop and caution respectively due to a an open switch in the block. train in the block of signal 5. The train in the A normal danger signal is one which indicates block of signal 9 receives a caution signal D5, stop at all times excepting when the block is THE ROSE TECHNIC. 25 clear and a train, or some condition of the same tion ST will de-energize track relay A and set effect of a train, is within a certain section or distant signal S. sections approaching the signal. Fig. 5 is a typical normal danger wire circuit. There is a great variety of circuits for the The block DF, which is divided into two track operation of either method, but it is the intention sections DE and EF, is protected by a home sig- to show only one simple circuit for each here. nal D and its distant signal B. T, Ti, T2 and Fig. 4 is a. typical normal clear wire circuit. T3 are track relays normally energized. Assume Assume that a block TV, which is divided into a train approaching B; when it gets into section two track circuit sections TU and UV, is protect- AB, relay T3 is de-energized closing its back ed by a home signal T and its distant signal S. contact. Thus a circuit is made from common A, B and C are track relays normally energized wire through back contact of relay T3, control and operating through their front contacts the relay L2, front contact of relay T2,distant control control circuits for the signals. E is the control wire, relay J, control relay Li, front contact of relay for the home signal, and its circuit, which relay Ti, home control wire, front contact of re- is normally closed, is from common wire through lay T and battery K to common wire again. Re- battery Q, front contact of relay C, home control lays Li and L2 are of much less resistance than wire, front contact of relay B, electro-magnet of relay J. When the circuit is made relay J gets E and thence to common wire. Relay E controls enough current to pick up its armature but re-

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the operation of the motor J and the clutch mag- lays L1 and L2 do not. The lifting of armature net K which holds the signal clear. Battery R J closes a circuit from common wire through resis- operates the motor J and energizes the clutch K. tance R, which is equal to that of relay Li, front Circuit breaker 0 serves to automatically open contact of relay J, relay Li, front contact of relay the motor circuit when the signal has cleared. • D Ti, home control wire, front contact of relay T is the control relay for the distant signal, and its and battery K to common wire. Thus relay 1,1 circuit, which is also normally energized, is from is energized and through its front contact the common wire through battery Q, front contact clutch and motor circuit operating home signal of relay C, home control wire, front contact of D is made. As soon as home signal D clears, relay B, circuit closer P, distant control wire, circuit closer 0 is operated to shut out the high front contact of relay A, control relay D and resistance relay J; this then enables enough cur- thence to common wire. Circuit closer P is rent to pass through the circuit from battery K closed only when home signal T is clear. The to pick up the armature of control relay L2 and motor and clutch circuit of the distant signal is thus operate the clutch C2 and motor M2 to clear exactly like that of the home signal. A train in the distant signal. When the train passes into either section TU or UV will de-energize the the section BD, relay T2 is de-energized opening track relay and set both signals. A train in sec- its front contact to put the distant signal B to 26 THE ROSE TECHNIC. caution and closing its back contact to maintain Each home signal governs only to the next home the circuit ahead to hold home signal D clear. signal in advance. In this particular case sig- When the train passes into section DE, relay Ti nals D3 and D6 are distant signals for home sig- is de-energized thus setting home signal D at nals 3 and 5 and 4 and 6 respectively. Since stop. traffic is in one direction on each track, the sig- The location of block signals on a line to be nals furnish rear end protection only. ignaled is a matter of much importance. The Fig. 7 illustrates a method of automatic block traffic, grades, curves, topography of the coun- signaling single track. Since there must be both try, location of switches, water tanks, telegraph rear end and head on protection for trains, the

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Oist an+ Control Horne Gom.non ripre 5 offices, stations, overilead structures, grade signals must be located to meet this r.ondition crossings, tunnels, etc. all need careful consider- and their circuits so designed that the blocks ation. overlap. The lines ending in arrows are intend- The signaling of a double track railroad, be- ed to show the section of track over which each sig- cause there is a track for traffic in each direction, nal governs. With such an arrangement as shown is in many respects easier than signaling a single in Fig. 7, it will be impossible for two trains to track railroad. approach one another without each receiving a

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. 6. Fig 6 illustrates a scheme of automatic block stop signal before they can meet, yet it will be signal location on double track. Signals 4 and 5 possible for four trains following one another, or are what might be termed advance home signals two trains headed toward each other, to be be- because they serve to start a train which tween two stations at the same time. The may have stopped at the station. Signals 7 and arrangement of signals and overlaps at passing 2 are located so as to protect the rear end of sidings admits of two trains approaching each trains which may be standing at the station as other very closely for the purpose of meeting and well as to protect against the possible wrong po- passing. As the overlaps are shown the direc- sition of switches in their respective blocks. tion rights should be for westbound trains.

-71 a , THE ROSE TECHNIC. 27

ALUMNI NOTES. Mr. Gustav Willius, Jr., '97, paid a short B. R. Putnam, '92, who has been Smelter visit to the Institute on Ocbtober 9th. Superintendent for the Bingham Consolidated Mining and Smelting Co., of West Jordan, Utah, Abe Balsley, '91, wrote recently from Bellagio, is now a member of the firm of Dozier-Putnam Lake Como, Italy, that he and Mrs. Balsley had Co., Assayers, Chemists and Engineers, at Red- just finished a trip on the lakes of Switzerland ding, California. and Northern Italy, and were going to Milan, Venice and Rome, with the intention of landing G. W. Phillips, '95, is reported as being at in New York some time in December. present in Shanghai, China, in the service of the Reinforced Concrete, Steel and Tile Construction The engagement of William R. Heick, '05, to Co., of Detroit, Mich. Miss Margaret Rood of Terre Haute was formal- ly announced on H. Blair Pettit, '03, is at San Francisco in October 19. the employ of the Western Electric Co., of Chi- Ferdinand W. Hahn, '04, cago. His residence is at Berkeley. draftsman, with Rodger Ballast Car Co., Chicago, Ill., is now al- Hubert G. Parr,'05, died at Birmingham, Ala- so connected with the National Dump Car Co., bama, on July 11, 1907. He had been troubled of the same city. with ill health during the latter part of his senior year at Rose, and after graduation spent some Howard A. Mullett, '04,was a recent Terre time in Colorado, hoping that the climate would Haute visitor. be of benefit. He went to Alabama early in 1907, and was in Birmingham until his death. Harvey E. Rogers, '06, formerly with the Ins- ley Iron Works, Indianapolis, Ind.: is now con- 0. E. McMeans, '96, and Herbert W. Foltz, nected with Brown & Ketchum, Indianapolis. '86, paid visits to old Rose on Nov. 14th. Edward F. Robinson, '94, has been promoted Victor A. Hommel, '02, died at Sandusky, to the position of Chief Engineer of the Buffalo, Ohio, on Oct. 18th, after an illness of several Rochester and Pittsburg Railway Co., with head- weeks. quarters at Rochester, N. Y. 28 THE ROSE TECHNIC.

CONSTRUCTION OF THE PIERRE, RAPID CITY AND NORTHWESTERN RAILWAY. By J. E. PHILLIPS.'09. N the summer of 1905 the Chicago & North- Slope stakes were set for a sixteen foot road westernRailway Co. located in South Dakota bed and slopes of 14 to 1 on embankment. a line of railroad 176 miles long between Pierre on Cuts were to be 24 feet wide with slopes of 1 to 1. the Missouri River and Rapid City in the Black It was found necessary however to make the side Hills. This was to be an extension westward of slopes in nearly all cuts 14 to 1, for with the the line which this company had already built to former slope the dirt would slide. The slope Pierre and had for its object the supplying of stakes were not reset to conform to this change transportation facilities to the settlers of a vast of width but cross-sections were taken of all cuts region west of the Missouri River, and the de- when finished in order to determine the earth creasing of mileage between Chicago and the quantities. Surface ditches were dug on the up- Black Hills district. hill sidc of all side hill cuts to take care of the Owing to the nature of the country through surface water. No steam shovel work was which the line was to pass, the only feasible necessary, for the cuts were nearly all small and route was to follow the valley of Bad River a the haul short. The quantity of dirt, therefore, distance of about eighty-five miles, thence along required in embankment greatly exceeded that Bull Creek and Box Elder Creek to Rapid City. taken from the cuts and it was necessary to bor- By following the valleys in this way the work of row from adjoining pits. This required a right- grading was not extraordinarily heavy. It was of-way which varied in width from 100 to 250 found also that a road could be built along this feet, but since land is at present very cheap in route with a maximum gradient of 1.5% and al- that locality, this was not a very expensive item. though there were many curves, the maximum This soil found there consists principally of curvature was 40. The valleys however were what is known as gumbo and when wet it forms narrow and the streams were crooked, making the stickiest kind of sticky mud. A local way many crossings necessary. of expressing its adhesive qualities is that, "if Actual construction was begun in the early you will stick to South Dakota when it's dry, it spring of 1906. The contracts for grading, will stick to you when it's wet." Contractors were building the bridges and laying the track were paid upon a basis of two kinds of material moved let to Winston Bros., M. J. Peppard & Co, and —earth and loose rock. The latter was not what D. M. Roberts respectively. The last two com- the term implies, but was a,sort of shale which in panies named employed their own forces but reality was almost as difficult to remove as solid practically all of the grading was sub-let to small- rock. It could not be plowed or picked by hand er contractors. to any advantage and could not be blasted as easi- THE ROSE TECHNIC. 29 ly as solid rock. Upon exposure to the air it The river wanders aimlessly .about from one bluff slacked and crumbled and in this condition was to the other, often doubling on its course, mak- easy to handle. Several means were used to ex- ing horseshoe bends and all sorts of figures. cavate in this shale but—slow as it was—blast- The channel, however, is narrow and a single ing was found to be the quickest and most truss span was sufficient to reach from bank to economical. Where possible, the blasting was bank. These were of the wooden Howe truss done in the fall and the slacked shale removed type and were placed upon piers made by driv- the next spring. Shale was found at depths ing three rows of piling of eight piles each. The varying from six to thirty feet along nearly the approaches consisted of pile trestle work and whole length of the line and not only caused varied in length from 300 to 800 feet. These trouble in excavating but also made difficult the long approaches were necessary because the riv- driving of piles for bridges. er frequently overflows and an embankment It is customary for engineers to allow for would soon wash away. Permanent piling could shrinkage when making an embankment of loose not be placed in the channel of the river as it dirt, but it was found by experience on this would be broken out in the spring of the year by work that in dealing with gumbo the opposite the ice. In several places where the river made effect must be considered. After several miles a horse-shoe bend, a channel change was dug of grading had been done with the usual percent- across the narrowest part of the bend. By this age of shrinkage allowed, it was found that, in- means the railroad could be kept on the same stead of shrinking in volume, the dirt actually side of the river and two trusses dispensed with. swelled, and as a result in many places the grade Pile trestle work was used for all creek crossings was too high. This necessitated the cutting down except those large enough to require a span. of the embankment if near a bridge already com- Ten pile drivers were kept busy for a period pleted or near a cut. Sometimes the gradient of fourteen months putting in the piles for these could be changed to conform to the embankment bridges. Cedar and oak piles were used for per- as built. This swelling property was not charac- manent work and maple piles for the temporary teristic of all the soil encountered and ai it was work under trusses. Four-pile bents were gen- not easy to determine which would swell and erally sufficient but in some cases the height of which shrink, it became a difficult problem in the bridge made five and six-pile bents neces- setting grade stakes to know just how to set sary. them in order that the final height of grade All the material for the bridges had to be might be as planned. hauled overland by team and wagon from Pierre As soon as the grade was completed, track was and Rapid City until the laying of track began. laid with a Robert's track-laying machine. It was then taken to the end of track by train Seventy-five pound steel rails were used with 12 and then to the "front" on wagons as before. inches of gravel for ballast. The work of grad- Material yards were located at Ft. Pierre and ing and laying the track began at each end of Rapid City and all material for the trusses was the line and progressed toward the Middle. framed in the yards before sending out. At the One of the most important features in the con- Cheyenne River a three span bridge of the same struction of this line was the building of the type as the Bad River bridges was built. The bridges. Of the 176 miles of line, 13.8 miles temporary work for this bridge was taken out by were of bridging. Bad River alone was crossed ice last spring which delayed considerably its thirty-nine times in a distance of eighty-five construction. To cross the Missouri River at miles. As has been said the valley of this rivers Pierre a steel bridge was built. is narrow. High hills, broken by many draws,L Each engineering party had charge of about or gullies, extend along both sides of the valley, twelve miles of construction and consisted gener- 30 THE ROSE TECHNIC.

ally of about six members. This included the with all the proper embellishments for a real engineer in charge, an instrument man, rodman, Christmas dinner and with these materials at tapeman, cook and driver. Pile inspectors also hand the cook distinguished himself in a way made their headquarters with the party whose that will long be remembered by those present. sub-division they were on, Camps were located Except for an occasional blizzard, the winter about the middle of the sub-division in order to weather was ideal. It began snowing about make the drives to and from work as short as Thanksgiving and from then until the 1st of possible. Tents were furnished by the company March it snowed on an average of twice a week. as were also cots, blankets and provisions. A There were no thaws during that time so quite a wooden frame work was built for the tents to lot of snow had accumulated; when the thaw did make them more stable, and board floors were come the snow all melted in about three days. laid to increase the warmth. In one or two The whole valley was flooded and this with the cases an empty log ranch house was found not ice in the river did immense damage to bridges only convenient for a camp but comfortable. and grade. Each party had to rustle for their own wood and in that country it is no small job. Trees grow only along the banks of streams and very few there. These are for the. most part cottonwood and box elder and I will mention in passing that trying to split a cottonwood knot is about the best thing to work up an appetite I know of. Although the camps were situated sometimes as far as seventy-five miles from town and ranch houses were far apart, camp life seldom grew monotonous. There was work enough to keep one busy most of the time and for the leisure hours there were diversions of various kinds: Wolves, coyotes, grouse and jack rabbits furnished sport for those with guns. Nearly every camp was supplied with two or three kodaks and and many evenings were whiled away by printing pictures. Some of. the fellows were fortunate enough to own saddle horses and those who did not could borrow or hire from ranchmen. An occasional dance was given at neighboring ranch houses and these were always welcomed by the engineers as a good time was sure to be had. On the 4th of July we accepted an invitation to dinner at one of the other camps and in the afternoon attended a rope throwing and steer TAKING CROSS-SECTIONS IN WINTER, tying contest among cow punchers. It was the SOUTH DAKOTA. intention of a part of our party to make a seven- Borrow pits and cuts filled up with snow be- ty mile trip on horseback to the Bad Lands fore many of them had been measured. It was Christmas, but unfortunately circumstances pre- necessary therefore to shovel a path in the snow vented. Christmas, however, was by no means every 50 or 100 feet the full width of the borrow a dreary one; the company sent us out a turkey pit or cut in order to take cross-sections. The THE ROSE TECHNIC. 31

accompanying picture shows one of the party minent. Thriving towns have sprung up along shoveling a path through seven feet of snow. the line where before there was nothing more This snow shoveling lasted two months so it can than a ranch house in which a post office was be seen that measuring borrow pits in South Da- maintained. The thousands of people who, in kota during the winter months is not all plain the last two years, have taken up government sailing. land there will be benefited thereby and the The road is now completed and is making great grazing lands in that region which have itself felt, not only in the railroad world general- fed millions of cattle for the market will be ly, but locally as well. The C. M. & St. P. also transformed into cultivated farms. built a road into Rapid City and a rate war is im-

THE JUNIOR BANQUET. Arriving in Paris the men- immediately started to take possession of the town. After a parade In accordance with all school and class tradi- over the principal streets the "bunch" was tions the class of 1909 held their annual banquet headed for the hotel where the "feed" was in the Gym on the evening of October 31. spread. Previous to the banquet itself the Juniors tore Before entering the dining room the men were up the front walk preparatory to laying their entertained by a negro quartette who rendered memorial, a new concrete walk from the gates to "Sweet Adeline'' and several other of the latest the steps of the main building. and most popular Paris song hits. The banquet was served at 11:00 o'clock after The banquet hall was beautifully decorated in which toastmaster James N. Johnson arose and college style, college pennants. American flags after a few introductory remarks the follows toasts and large "tens" predominating. were responded to. The musk was looked after by a fine orchestra. "Athletics and other things" FREDERICK J. FRISZ "good fellowship" filled the "Society " WILLIAm H. BRANNON Enjoyment and "The Pathway to Knowledge" ..CLARENCE W. SPROUL!, large hall from the time the first course entered "Some Advantages—' Lest we Forget' " until the last speech was made. The following .FRED C. BURGESS men answered to toasts: "The '09 Modulus" EDWARD M. BRENNAN in our Freshman year.. "Scenes seen through the Bottom of a Student's The man who led us Size" HERBERT L. FREEMAN A A BAREUTHER After these toasts the class adjourned to the Class Athletics. I.4 F. STRATTON shops for their customary bonfire by the light of Bachelors and "Fussers" of 1910 WASHBURN which the class numerals were painted on the C E smoke stack about 100 feet from the ground. Good Fellowship J L HERMAN The assemblage finally broke up and departed Last Year and the Morning After. H. M. SHAW for home about 4:00 A. M. Give Me Chemistry or Give Me Death M. F. HAYMAN How It Feels to be a Sophomore..A. G. BUTLER SOPHOMORE BANQUET. Poly Elephant...... N A BOWERS The class of 1910 held its annual banquet on Pipe Rush A A PIPER the night of Oct. 11 at Paris, Ill. A special car Speaking of Banner Classes J T SUTLIFF was chartered from the "Big Four" and forty- After the banquet the class took in the princi- three of the jolly "teuners" were aboard when pal sights of Paris, including the Court House, the train pulled out. Y. M. C. A. and street car barns. 32 THE ROSE TECHNIC.

THE FRESHMAN BANQUET. At the conclusion of festivities a resolution By E. A. MEES. was passed to cut classes the following day, and The first annual banquet of the class of 1911 at 4:30 A. M. a very tired but nevertheless jubilant squad of 'us Terre Haute. took place on Oct. 22nd, at Sullivan, Ind. returned to With the advancing civilization certain disturb- As a preventative against too frequent out- youthful faculty gave ing elements—for want of a better name we bursts of enthusiasm, the designate these Sophs—which for years have en- us a delicious double dose of—" expressly com- tered into similar occasions at Rose, had been pounded for, etc." eliminated, and for the first time the Freshman aggregation could feast in perfect security. THE CLASS OF 1907. Our special over the E. & T. H. R. R. left The addresses and occupations of the mem- Union Depot at 6 P. M. on that memorable even- bers of the class of 1907, as far as THE TECH- ing. Inasmuch as we had the entire evening, NIC has been able to ascertain, are as follows: also a generous slice of the following day at our Earl G. Albin, with Illinois Central R. R. disposal, we were in no particular haste to reach Wallace P. Andrick, with General Electric Co., the little village. That this was the general Residence, 412 Summit Ave., Schenectady. feeling which prevailed was demonstrated by a Harold S. Austin, with La Clede Gas Co., St. mysterious application of the emergency brake Louis. which brought the train to a very decided stand- Harry D. Baylor, with Minneapolis Gas Co., still. No arrests, with the exception of this par Minneapolis. ticular one followed, for which we are very Luis Bogran, with Mexican Central R. R., grateful. Necaxa, Pueblo, Mexico. Upon reaching Sullivan we announced our Rufus L. Bond, with General Electric Co., presence in unmistakable tones; what our cheers Schenectady. lacked in tone-quality was more than compensat- Dexter N. Byrn, present address not known. ed for by the volume of sound. No alarming F. H. Cash, with E. & T. H. R. R., Evansville. symptoms of consumption developed from these Ren M. Davis, present address unknown. frequent outbursts until 10:30 o'clock, when all Milton Goodman, Ass't City Chemist, Louisville, hands assembled at the Davis House to partake Ky. Address, 1718 4th Ave., Louisville. of the elaborate and abundant spread. The large Schuler P. Hall, with General Electric Co.; ad- dining-room was tastefully decorated in rose and dress, 308 Summit Ave., Schenectady, N.Y. white streams of tissue extending diagonally Warren W. Kelly, with Chicago, Milwaukee & across the room forming a canopy over the long St. Paul R. R., Milwaukee. table. Delbert Krannichfeld, with Fairbanks, Morse & • During the process of the meal Ringgold's or- Co., Beloit, Wis.; address, 810 College Ave. chestra furnished excellent music which added Donald McDaniel, with National Malleable materially toward making the banquet a success. Castings Co., Indianapolis. Toasts were responded to as follows: R. J. McKenna, with General Electric Co.; ad- The Class of 1911 E. A MEES dress, 308 Summit Ave., Schenectady. Daddy's Paste and Things ROBT. STUMP Morris Myers, with Loraine Steel Co., Johns- The Freshman Reception LEONARD HOUSE town, Pa. The" Tens " OTTO B. HEPPNER Erwin J. Miner, with Stone & Webster, Terre Dry vs. Wet EARL G. BULLOCK Haute. When Apples were Lemons JOHN KETTERER Poly Girls EDW. L. PUCKETT Frank A. Nantz, Ass't Chemist Vandalia R. R. The Future • HENRY W. KER Terre Haute. THE ROSE TECHNIC. 33

J. Herbert Nichols, Draughtsman, Vandalia R. classes for study was realized. Four courses are R., Terre Haute. now offered; 1st. The Life of Christ. 2nd. W. M. O'Loughlin, with Pennsylvania Railroad Studies in the Acts. 3rd. Studies in Old Testa- Signal Dept., Newcomerstown, Ohio. ment Characters. 4th. The Political and So- Harry H. Orr, with C. & E. I. R. R., Chicago. cial Significance of the Teachings of Jesus. We William R. Plew, Instructor in •Civil Engineer- are more than fortunate to secure one of Terre ing, R. P. I. Haute's ablest lawyers, Mr. Charles Bait, to Clifford W. Post, present address unknown. lead the class, who will make the work both Edwin C. Read, with Vandalia R. R., Terre profitable and interesting. Haute. On Friday evening, Oct. 18th, Dr. W. L. Sea- Thos. E. Routledge, with Pennsylvania Railroad man, Professesor of Philosophy in DePauw Uni- Signal Dept., Allegheny, Pa. versity gave an interesting talk on Association Russell S. Sage, with General Electric Co.; ad- work, using as a topic, "Reasons for Joining the dress, 213 Seward Place, Schenectady, N. Y. Y. M. C. A." The talk was not cut and dried, Chas. Scharpenberg, with Standard Oil Co., but one full of wit and humor as well as things Bridgeport, Ill. of profit. Dr. Seaman is a friend of Poly and Alonzo D. Schofield, Jr., with J. S. Schofield's Poly men, and we want him back to see us when- Sons, Macon, Ga. ever opportunity affords it. Rudolph J. Schuhardt, with Dering Coal Co., The State Convention of the Y. M. C. A. was Danville, Ill. held at Evansville, Indiana, November 7-10. Harry M. Shickel, Instuctor in Mathematics, Messrs. G. M. Curry, Richard L. Smith, Roy Wiley High School, Terre Hante. F. Tyler, John F. Robbins, K. R. Garst and J. B. from On J. Boyd Shickel, with General Electric Co.; Northcott attended as delegates here. address, 213 Seward Place, Schenectady. Friday, evening, Oct. 15th, the time of regular social Eats Jas. R. Stalker, student at Illinois University, meeting will be given to a meeting. Champaign, Ill. are promised and a good time assured: A report Robert Strecker, with E. & T. H. R. R., Evans- of the convention will be made by the delegates ville. At this time. new Howard C. Taylor, with Wapakoneta Machine By the use of a few pennants and some been Co , Wapakoneta, Ohio. pictures the Association Reading Room has to Cecil N. Trueblood, with Union Pacific Shops, made more cheerful. It is a hard proposition Omaha. keep the room in order. Show some of your be as careful Otto G. Whitecotton, with General Electric Co.; college spirit in a practical way and address 213 Seward Place, Schenectady. of the reading matter as possible and when you it in a cor- Paul R. Wickliffe, with General Electric Co., have read a periodical do not throw "in the corner." address, 308 Summit Ave., Schenectady. ner, but place it upon the table The Association welcomes you to its room and Y. M. C. A. desires you to make as much use of it as possi- The newly appointed Secretary for College ble. Associations of Indiana, Mr. Ernest Jaqua, of CAMERA CLUB. Iowa State College, gave an interesting discussion is a season of before the Rose Association on the subject of The Camera Club enjoying has for systematic bible study. The meeting was under greater activity than it known several of the direction of the bible study department and years. With thirty-four members, fourteen the purpose of the meeting to arouse interest whom entered pictures in the recent contest, the in the bible study and to enroll men in prospects for a successful year are very good. 34 THE ROSE TECHNIC.

Regular meetings will be held monthly, at James N. Johnson has been elected to succeed which times journal reviews and lectures on James A. Shepard as Business Manager of the photographic subjects will be given. For the be- Modulus owing to the fact that Mr. Shepard was ginners, Prof. Peddle has given two, of a series unable to return to school this year. Clarence of three, lectures on Developing, Printing and W. Sproull has been elected as Mr. Johnson's Retouching. An enlarging camera is now being assistant. Fred A. Burgess has been elected to made and when this is completed photo-enlarg- fill the position of assisiant editor made vacant ing will be taken up by the club Lantern slides by the resignation of Richard L. Smith. may also be made during the year. Prize contests will be held every two months, An attractive little booklet printed in the most and it is hoped that the small entrance fee re- modern type of de luxe advertising literature and quired—enabling the club to offer better prizes— entitled "You Can Reduce Operating Costs" will cause an increased interest in the contests. has reached us from the Electric Controller & Supply Co., of Cleveland. The matter within is THE JUNIOR MEMORIAL. devoted to explaining the methods of so doing, On the night of Hallowe'en the junior class and should be of interest to those using electrical tore up the old brick walk between the front machinery of any kind. steps of the main building and the front gate, and on the following Monday a new cement walk On the evening of Oct. 16th, a number of the was laid down, which bore the date 1909, in seniors gave a dance at St. Mary's. The weath- large figures of brass, set into the walk near the er was pleasant, although during the day preced- front gate. The walk greatly improves the appear- ing it had been threatening, and a very pleasant ance of the entrance to the Institute grounds. time was reported.

The following notice which was posted in the Stock, after the Senior dance: "I stepped on Camera Club case early in October, explains a girl's foot and all I could say itself was, 'I washed my feet this morning and AGREEMENT. they're all flying away, I can't do anything with them.'" We, the undersigned, members of the commit- tees appointed by the Sophomore and Fresh- man classes, do hereby agree: Doc. White: "You will please answer to your That there shall be absolute non-interference names." (Reads)" Washburn—Washburn?" on the part of either class in banquet affairs. Washie (wakes suddenly and dimly remem- (Signed) bers what the fellows have been calling out) A. A. BAREUTHER, Chairman. "Beer! " L. F. STRATTON. C. E. WASHBURN. When Prof. Johonnott gave the Sophomores N. A. BOWERS. their last quiz he was compelled to invent some CARL G. BLANCK. new marks for the paper. The alphabet from Sophomore Committee. A to F being insufficient. G(.32.16) and OTTO E. HEPPNER, Chairman. 0(.0) were added. HARRY W. KER. PHILIP A. NEWHART. Stock, after Kerrick's adventure with the fly- WILBUR B. SHOOK. wheel. —"Pap ought to apply for a pension on WILLIAM D. WALLACE. the ground of being a survivor of the revolu- Freshman Committee. tion." THE ROSE TECHNIC. 35 ATHLETICS. M1LLIKIN, 2; ROSE, 0. on Poly campus. Rose outplayed the Butler On Saturday, Oct. 12, Rose met her second de- team all around, and Butler's only points came feat, when Millikin University defeated us by when there was just 20 seconds to play, Myers the score of '2 to 0 at Decatur. The engineers picking up the ball on the 40-yard line and run- outplayed the Millikin boys at every stage of the ning across the goal. game and certainly deserved a victory. Butler kicked to Rose and after a punting duel Millikin's so-called safety should have been a in which Capt. Pritchard came out on top, Rose touchback. It was made about the middle of the began advancing the ball steadily by line bucks second half. Millikin was held and forced to and end runs, and Standau was finally pushed punt, the ball rolling over Rose's goal line for a over for a touchdown. Pritchard kicked goal. touchback. Rose then carried the ball out 25 Butler Licked to Rose and ball moved from one yards and punted out to Millikin. The punt was end of the field to the other, and the half ended returned and again rolled across Rose's goal line, with the ball in Butler's possession on our 20- but the officials claimed that Uhl carried the ball yard line. over, making a safety. Two of the officials, the Score—Rose 6, Butler 0. referee and head linesman, said they did not see Rose kicked to Butler. After an exchange of the play, but still they called it a safety, which punts, Rose carried the ball to Butler's 20-yard we think was unfair. line, where a drop kick was tried, but failed. The game was almost entirely a kicking game, Butler kicked out from the 25-yard line and Rose there being 49 kicks during the game, Rose gain- lost the ball on downs. After a punting duel, ing a little on each one. The ball moved from Rose started another march down the field and one end of the field to the other, but each side Backman went over for the second touchdown would lose it before getting within striking dis- after minutes of play. Pritchard kicked tance. goal. Line-up: Butler kicked to Strouse, who returned it fif- teen yards and was penalized five yards for hurd- ROSE POSITION MILLIKIN Offutt Left end . Penhallegon ling. Rose kicked and got the ball on a fumble Backman Left tackle Mills and began a steady tramp up the field and car- Smith Left guard Ross ried the ball within one foot of Butler's goal line, Schmidt Center Bell where we were held for downs. Butler kicked Jewett Right guard Johnson and Strouse made a fair catch. Pritchard then Standau Right tackle Bennett Curry Right end Hull made a place kick from the 25-yard line. Uhl. Quarterback. (Capt.) Wilson Butler kicked to Rose, Strouse making a nice Freers, Hadley . . . Fullback Pease return kick. Butler started up the field, and by Pritchard Ltft half Taylor forward passes and end runs placed the ball on Abbott. Right half Hamilton Rose's 5-yard line, where Rose braCed and held SUMMARY. for downs. Officials—Williams, Wabash, referee; Carrithers, Illi- nois, umpire; Prof. Morton, Decatur, head linesman. In an exchange of punts Backman caught the Time of halves-30 minutes. ball and made a 70-yard run for a touchdown, but was called back for stepping three inches ROSE, 16; BUTLER, 5. outside. The ball was then carried back and On Saturday, Oct. 19, Rose broke the hoodoo forth until Myers of Butler picked it up and which apparently had been following her during went for a touchdown, but failed at goal. this season by defeating the strong Butler team, Rose then kicked to Butler, and time was 36 THE ROSE TECHNIC. called with the ball in Butler's possession on Vanderbilt kicked off, but soon made another their 5-yard line. touchdown and goal; score, 18 to 6 for Vander- Line-tip: bilt. This time we kicked off, and Vanderbilt

RoS1i POSITION BUTLER fumbled and Smith fell on the ball on Vander- Off utt, Freers, Johnston . Left end Myers bilt's 25-yard line. We failed to make our dis- Smith Left tackle Thorp tance from the 30-yard line, and Pritchard at- Kroemer, Leeds, Wick- tempted a field goal, which proved successful. ersham and Bell . . Left guard Marsh Schmidt Center Hartley The score was 18 to 10, but still in Vanderbilt's Jewett Right guard Roberts favor. Vanderbilt had a hard effort to make Standau Right tackle . . Daniels, Wallace their next touchdown and took considerable time Curry Right end . Ritterman, Fitzgerald in making it, but finally made a touchdown and Pritchard, Capt. . . . . Macguire, Capt Quarterback . . goal. Score, 24 to 10. Freers went into the Strouse, Reiss . . . . Left halfback Burnett Uhl, Abbott . . Right halfback . McKay game in Curry's place at right end. Pritchard Backman Fullback Schmidt kicked off and Vanderbilt was successful in mak-

SUMMARY. ing another touchdown and goal; 30 to 10. Touchdowns—Standau, Backman and Myers. Bell kicked off and Bob Blake returned the kick. Field goal—Pritchard. Strouse rushed the ball to the Vanderbilt 10-yard Officials—Lunt, Westminster. Tuft College; Orr, line. Pritchard tried another field goal, but Head linestnan—Douthett, Time-keepers—Bernhardt, Fitzgerald. failed. After a few more downs, Uhl was super- Time of halves-25 minutes. seded at right half by Abbott. Vanderbilt made another touchdown and goal, 30 to 10. This ended the first half. ROSE 10. VANDERBILT, 65; In the second half Pritchard kicked off, and The game began at 3o' clock , Oct. 26,Vanderbilt and after some hard fighting Vanderbilt scored a winning the toss and kicking off. Capt. Blake sent touchdown and goal; 42 to 10. Loeb took the ball 50 yards and Uhl returned it 15 yards. Smith's place. • Pritchard kicked off and Vander- Pritchard kicked for us 50 yards Vanderbilt bilt worked down again for a touchdown but no worked up to our 50-yard line and attempted a goal ; 47 to 10. With hard work they again field goal and failed. Pritchard kicked out from scored a touchdown and goal; score, 53 to 10. 25-yard line. Vanderbilt then worked the oval Vanderbilt made two more touchdowns and goals, down the field for a touchdown and kicked goal, which made the score 65 to 10, but in that time making 6 to 0 in two minutes play. With only Strouse heeled a fair catch and Pritchard tried a having the ball long enough to kick once Van- field goal, but failed. derbilt worked down the field again for a touch- VANDERBILT POSITION ROSE down and goal, 12 to 0. We kicked off, and Bob Blake (Capt.) . . . Left end Offutt after Vanderbilt gained quite a little we were V. Blake Right end . . . Freers, Curry able to hold them, and they were forced to kick, McLain, King . . . . Left tackle Loeb, Smith but Uhl was downed in his tracks. Smith Hasslock Right tackle Standau Hail, Perkins, Pitman . Left guard Bell gained 7 yards through the line, and on an at- Sherrell Right guard Jewett tempted forward pass se lost the ball. After Stone Center Schmidt the ball had passed back and forth a time or two, Costen, Potts Quarter Pritchard Strouse kicked 45 yards to Vanderbilt and on the Craig Left half Strouse first down they attempted to make a forward Campbell, Williams . . Right half Abbott, Uhl Morton, Morrison . . . Fullback Backman pass, which failed and Bell got the ball and ran Bradley Walker, referee; Anderson, umpire; Don Blake, '20 yards for a touchdown. Pritchard kicked head linesman. goal and the score stood 12 to 6 for Vanderbilt. Time of halves-25 minutes. THE ROSE TECHNIC

slag. Defects and Failures of Steel Tires. tread. These defects are due to entrapped of service most prominent in The Railroad Gazelle of October 25th contains The conditions shelliness are brake burns, unequal diam- a profusely illustrated article on "Causes of De- causing eters of wheels on the same axle, and eccen- fects and Failures of Steel Tires." A resume of the tricity of the wheel. A brake burn is the result treatment of steel which is eventually made into the wheel slipping on the rail, which produces tires for railway service, is given, beginning with of several small hard slip spots, which are usually the casting of the ingot and ending with the treat- covered with irregular heat cracks, which under ment received in service. The defects due to continued service tend to penetrate into the tire piping, gas cavities, etc., present themselves causing the steel to break up into shells or flakes. mainly in wheels made from short ingots, a short Many hard slip spots disappear through the fric- ingot containing metal enough for only one wheel. tion of the tire on the rail or under the scouring Long ingots, containing metal enough for three of the brakeshoe, and eccentricity of the wheels, and allowing the upper end to be dis- effect wheels results. The flat spots thus produced are carded, produce wheels of much better quality. to 40 inches long. Roads having heavy During the past few years, owing to increased often 30 grades have little trouble of this sort, indicating severity of service, steel tires have frequently the tread is worn down faster by the brakes developed a condition on the tread known as that the rate of penetration of the heat cracks in " shelly" or "flaky " spots. It is in the na- than burned area. • ture of a breaking down of the tread into flakes the Driving tires are practically free from shelling. or scales, by numerous cracks which penetrate burns and slip spots are apparent, but the into the tire, principally in the area of rail con- Brake of penetration of the cracks, owing to the tact. The causes producing this condition may rate and flatness of arc, is slow, and be inherent defects in the steel, such as pipe, gas great diameter their removal 1:iy brake wear is cavities, slag and segregation, but are more com- consequently certain. monly the conditions of service. quite Inherent defects ia the steel are confined al- An Unusual Aerial Tramway. most exclusively to tires made from short ingots, placed in and the appearance of the tread of a tire shelly The contractors' plant recently from this cause is different from shelliness due to service by George W. Jackson, Inc., in connec- tunnel for service conditions. Instead of the tread showing tion with the lake section of a new in spots with numerous thin flakes, there is apt to the Chicago water works system, is described be only a single spot from which ,a large shal- the Engineering Record for Oct. 26th. The tun- low piece has spalled out, or there may be sever- nel is to have a length of about 10 miles, extend- al spots vhere pieces have broken out of the ing from an intake crib 11,000 ft. off shore in 38 THE ROSE TECHNIC.

Lake Michigan from 68th St., to the southwest- Progress in Electro-Metallurgy. ern part of the city. The construction is expect- The concluding half of an article on Applied ed to be entirely in limestone bed rock, and its Electro-Metallurgy appears in the Engineering cross-section will a 14 ft. circle for 2Y4. miles Magazine for November. The use of the elec- from the intake, and then of different sizes as tric furnace for the production of alloys of iron the branches are taken off. with silicon, chromium, manganese, tungsten The unique feature of the plant is an aerial and vanadium is touched upon, most of this tramway which extends from a head house over work being done in France and Switzerland. the permanent shaft on shore, 8,000 ft. to a crib and These alloys are used in armor plate, in motor head house erected at the top of the temporary car work and for special purpdses. construction shaft in the lake. It is carried at The methods of production of iron and steel an average height of 35 ft. above the water by 24 by the electic furnace have been developed chief- four-leg steel towers, spaced approximately 300 ly by French electro-metallurgists. The Her- ft. apart. The tramway will entirely preclude oult and Kjellin methods of steel refining by any necessity for tugs and scows that would be electric heat have shown the most striking devel- required to handle the materials excavated from opment and are being used by many firms in the tunnel, to transport men between the shore Europe and America. The Heroult steel-refin- and shaft and to deliver supplies to the latter. ing furnace is of the crucible type, the first Rough weather prevails along this shore of Lake heating being by means of the electric arc. Michigan for a large part of the year, which When the slag is melted the carbons conveying coupled with the shallowness of the water over the current are lowered until they touch it, and the tunnel, render impossible the operation of the heat due to electric resistance is obtained. scows and tugs for considerable periods of time. The slag is removed from time to time as neces- Each tower has an extreme height of 30 ft. 5 sary. The Kjellin furnace was developed at ins, and is 12 ft. square at the base, and 1 ft. x '2 Gysinge in Sweden, and utilizes induced cur- ft. 1 in. in plan at the top. Each leg of the tow- rents, the heating effect being obtained by the er is carried by an extra heavy built-up steel rapid changes in the pile. magnetic state of the iron or steel which forms the secondary coil of the The tramway proper consists of a 10 in. car- circuit. It is in reality a large transformer and rying cable, and a in. traction cable on each its advantages are the development of heat just side of the towers. Buckets are hauled out on where it is wanted and the absence of impurities one side of the towers and back on the other. The picked up from electrodes. buckets are built of steel, each bucket having a In the refining of lead, the Betts refining working capacity of 10 cu. ft. The traction process is in use at Trail, British Columbia, and cable has a normal, traveling speed of 300 ft. per at Newcastle, England. The separation of the minute when the tramway is loaded. Under lead from other metals is reported to be almost regular operating conditions about fifty buckets perfect. Nickel is being electrolytically ob- can be in service on the tramway, spaced 300 ft. tained at Papenburg, Germany, and at Sault apart. Switches for storing buckets are located Sainte Marie, Canada. Siloxicon and silicon are at each head house. For the use of men several being produced at Niagara Falls. Metallic sodi- enclosed cars have been built, which are oval in being largely produced the Cashier cross-section, being 4 ft. long, 5 ft. high and 3 ft. um is by cell 3 in. wide, having a light steel frame covered and process, and a cell and process has recently with sheet iron. The entrance is through a door been patented looking toward the substitution of in each side, which closes tightly, making a com- sodium chloride for the hydrate. The produc- fortable conveyance in all kinds of weather. tion of tin and zinc by electrical means is also These cars will seat four persons. being worked upon. THE ROSE TECHNIC— Advertisement. J. M. BIGWOOD, Special Attention given to Spedacles Fine Watch Repairing.

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it •) 61 You will always find all of the New Styles in Clothing, Gents' 4 (0 Furnishings, Hats and Shoes at our 0 6) store. 6) We sell Hanan and Son's Fine Shoes for Men. Also the cele- • brated Walk-Over Shoe. For the correct styles, come to us. • • • TUNE BROS. .)6) 0, CASH CLOTHIERS, HATTERS and FURNISHERS FIFTH AND WABASH AVE (411 '0) Cl)4\...AWi\fraViriN fA\Sii..t3R/4\fro\fro\t"%f/al.)1W) Always mention The Technic when shopping. It may benefit us. DINKEY VENTILATED CONTROLLERS

DINKEY VENTILATED CONTROLLER, CAST GRID RESISTANCE Simplicity of construction all parts For cranes, charg- Adopted as a stand- and easy access to ing machines, and ard to the exclusion which are interchangeable service which is se- of all other makes of are a few of its many good vere and where ac- Controllers in most points. curate control is of the largest steel essential, they never plants in the country Resistance grids and coils can be removed or replaced fail to make good. without dissembling. THE ROSE TECHNIC—Advertisements.

UNITED STATES AND FOREIGN PATENTS, DESIGNS, TRADE MARKS AND LABELS

I I PATENT ATTOMMEYS II 11 CHESTER BRADFORD BRADFORD & HOOD ARTHUR M. HOOD, Rose '93 SUITE 1235 STATE LIFE BUILDING, INDIANAPOLIS, IND.

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Always mention THE TECHNIC when doing business with our advertisers. It may do us good THE ROSE TECHNIC—ADVERTISEMENTS.

FOULKES BROS- DRAWING INKS ETERNAL WRITING INK HATTERS, FURNISHERS, TAILORS ENGROSSING INK Selling Agents TAURINE MUCILAGE KNOX, STETSON, c/ PHOTO MOUNTER HEATH, and many HIGGINS DRAWING BOARD PASTE other well known Hats. LIQUID PASTE * OFFICE PASTE College Hats and Caps VEGETABLE GLUE, Etc. Galore ARE THE FINEST AND BEST Manhattan Shirts, GOODS OF THEIR KIND Keiser's Barathea. Emancipate yourself from the use of corrosive and Everything Up-to-the-min- ill-smelling inks and adhesives and adopt the Hig- ute in Evening Wear. gins Inks and Adhesives. They will be a revelation to you. FOULKES BROS. AT DEALERS GENERALLY. Hatters, Furnishers and Tailors CHAS. M. HIGGINS & CO., Mfrs., BRANCHES 271 NINTH STREET, ts,CHICAGO & LONDON. BROOKLYN, N.Y. 631 Wabash Ave. WibeS/1",, ,V1‘11TheWl‘e‘/%11. I *********************0 THE

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