DOCSLIB.ORG

The Conversion to Sustainable Agriculture Principles, Processes, and Practices

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Conversion to Sustainable Agriculture Principles, Processes, and Practices The Conversion to Sustainable Agriculture Principles, Processes, and Practices © 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC Advances in Agroecology Series Editor: Clive A. Edwards Agroecosystems in a Changing Climate Paul C.D. Newton, R. Andrew Carran, Grant R. Edwards, and Pascal A. Niklaus Agroecosystem Sustainability: Developing Practical Strategies Stephen R. Gliessman Agroforestry in Sustainable Agricultural Systems Louise E. Buck, James P. Lassoie, and Erick C.M. Fernandes Biodiversity in Agroecosystems Wanda Williams Collins and Calvin O. Qualset The Conversion to Sustainable Agriculture: Principles, Processes, and Practices Stephen R. Gliessman and Martha Rosemeyer Interactions between Agroecosystems and Rural Communities Cornelia Flora Landscape Ecology in Agroecosystems Management Lech Ryszkowski Multi-Scale Integrated Analysis of Agroecosystems Mario Giampietro Soil Ecology in Sustainable Agricultural Systems Lijbert Brussaard and Ronald Ferrera-Cerrato Soil Organic Matter in Sustainable Agriculture Fred Magdoff and Ray R. Weil Soil Tillage in Agroecosystems Adel El Titi Structure and Function in Agroecosystem Design and Management Masae Shiyomi and Hiroshi Koizumi Sustainable Agroecosystem Management: Integrating Ecology, Economics and Society Patrick J. Bohlen and Gar House Tropical Agroecosystems John H. Vandermeer Advisory Board Editor-in-Chief Clive A. Edwards The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio Editorial Board Miguel Altieri, University of California, Berkeley, California Lijbert Brussaard, Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands David Coleman, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia D.A. Crossley, Jr., University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia Adel El-Titi, Stuttgart, Germany Charles A. Francis, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska Stephen R. Gliessman, University of California, Santa Cruz, California Thurman Grove, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina Maurizio Paoletti, University of Padova, Padova, Italy David Pimentel, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York Masae Shiyomi, Ibaraki University, Mito, Japan Sir Colin R.W. Spedding, Berkshire, England Moham K. Wali, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio © 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC The Conversion to Sustainable Agriculture Principles, Processes, and Practices Edited by Stephen R. Gliessman Martha Rosemeyer Boca Raton London New York CRC Press is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 International Standard Book Number: 978-0-8493-1917-4 (Hardback) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If any copyright material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint. Except as permitted under U.S. Copyright Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmit- ted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, please access www.copyright. com (http://www.copyright.com/) or contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400. CCC is a not-for-profit organization that provides licenses and registration for a variety of users. For organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by the CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The conversion to sustainable agriculture : principles, processes, and practices / editors: Stephen R. Gliessman, Martha Rosemeyer. p. cm. -- (Advances in agroecology) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-8493-1917-4 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Sustainable agriculture. 2. Sustainable agriculture--Case studies. I. Gliessman, Stephen R. II. Rosemeyer, Martha. III. Title. IV. Series: Advances in agroecology. S494.5.S86C665 2010 630--dc22 2009040253 Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at http://www.taylorandfrancis.com and the CRC Press Web site at http://www.crcpress.com © 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC Contents Preface......................................................................................................................vii Contributors ..............................................................................................................ix SECTION I Basic Principles Chapter 1 The Framework for Conversion ............................................................3 Stephen R. Gliessman Chapter 2 What Do We Know about the Conversion Process? Yields, Economics, Ecological Processes, and Social Issues ............15 Martha E. Rosemeyer Chapter 3 The History of Organic Agriculture...................................................49 Rachael J. Jamison and John H. Perkins SECTION II Global Perspectives Chapter 4 Northern Midwest (U.S.): Farmers’ Views of the Conversion Process ................................................................................................67 Paul Porter, Lori Scott, and Steve Simmons Chapter 5 Pacific Northwest (U.S.): Diverse Movements toward Sustainability Amid a Variety of Challenges ..................................... 91 Carol Miles, David Granatstein, David Huggins, Steve Jones, and James Myers Chapter 6 California (U.S.): The Conversion of Strawberry Production .......... 117 Stephen R. Gliessman and Joji Muramoto Chapter 7 Ontario, Canada: Lessons in Sustainability from Organic Farmers ............................................................................................. 133 E. Ann Clark and Jennifer Sumner v © 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC vi Contents Chapter 8 Mexico: Perspectives on Organic Production .................................. 165 María del Rocío Romero Lima Chapter 9 Mexico: Traditional Agriculture as a Foundation for Sustainability .................................................................................... 179 Alba González Jácome Chapter 10 Cuba: A National-Level Experiment in Conversion ........................205 Fernando R. Funes-Monzote Chapter 11 The European Union: Key Roles for Institutional Support and Economic Factors .............................................................................239 Gloria I. Guzmán and Antonio M. Alonso Chapter 12 Japan: Finding Opportunities in the Current Crisis ......................... 273 Joji Muramoto, Kazumasa Hidaka, and Takuya Mineta Chapter 13 The Middle East: Adapting Food Production to Local Biophysical Realities ........................................................................303 Alireza Koocheki Chapter 14 Australia: Farmers Responding to the Need for Conversion ........... 317 David Dumaresq and Saan Ecker SECTION III The Way Forward Chapter 15 Transforming the Global Food System ............................................345 Stephen R. Gliessman Index ...................................................................................................................... 353 © 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC Preface This book project began many years ago when the second editor, while still a graduate student, was asked by the first editor to carry out a literature search on the conversion process from conventional to alternative agroecosystems. During the course of this research, funded at that time by the Noyce Foundation, Martha Rosemeyer encountered Stuart Hill’s three-level classification system for conver- sion. Using agroecology as a methodological tool for both researching and pro- moting the conversion process, and with growing awareness that any change in agriculture also implies social transformations, we eventually added a fourth level to Hill’s taxonomy. We described the four levels of conversion in Agroecology: The Ecology of Sustainable Food Systems (CRC Press, 1997), but it remained to explore more deeply what conversion meant and to learn how it was actually proceeding around the world. With continuing support from the Ruth and Alfred Heller Chair in Agroecology at University of California–Santa Cruz (UCSC), we conceived of this project and pushed the book forward. Eric Engles carried out his editing magic on all parts of the book, and ultimately was the person who really extracted the work from all of us. Master indexing was done by Michael Brackney. John Sulzycki, at CRC/Taylor & Francis, with all of his commitment to agroecology, created the space for this project in the first place. And finally, we sincerely appreciate
Load more

Recommended publications
  • PRINCIPLES of ORGANIC FARMING SIXTH SEMESTER Polytechnic In
    A LECTURE NOTE ON Agron. 6.10 (1 + 1 = 2) PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIC FARMING SIXTH SEMESTER Polytechnic in Agriculture College of Agriculture, NAU, Bharuch Agron. 6.10 (1 + 1 = 2) Principles of Organic Farming Theory: Chapter Chapter Page No. No. 1. ORGANIC FARMING-AN INTRODUCTION 2. PRINCIPLES, SCOPE AND COMPONENTS OF ORGANIC FARMING 3. COMPONENTS OF ORGANIC FARMING AND THEIR ROLE IN SUSTAINABLE CROP PRODUCTION 4. INITIATIVES FOR PROMOTING ORGANIC FARMING 5. NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT IN ORGANIC FARMING 6. DISEASE AND PEST MANAGEMENT IN ORGANIC FARMING 7. WEED MANAGEMENT IN ORGANIC FARMING 8. OPERATIONAL STRUCTURE OF NPOP AND NATIONAL STANDARDS FOR ORGANIC FARMING 9. CERTIFICATION AND ACCREDITATION PROCESS OF ORGANIC PRODUCT 10. ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS, MARKETING AND EXPORT POTENTIAL OF ORGANIC FARMING Reference books 1. Organic farming-Theory and Practice by S.P. Palaniappan and K. Annadurai 2. Principles of organic farming by S. R. Reddy 3. Principles of Agronomy by S. R. Reddy 4. Organic crop production (Principles and practices Vol-I: Principles and General Aspects) by J. P. Sharma 5. Principles and practices of organic farming by R. Balasubramanian, K. Balakrishnan and K. Sivasubramanian CHAPTER -1 INTRODUCTION, DEFINITION, CONCEPT, IMPORTANCE, ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES, OBJECTIVES, ESSENTIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ORGANIC FARMING 1.1 Introduction: Green revolution technologies such as greater use of synthetic agro chemicals like fertilizers and pesticides, adoption of nutrient responsive, high-yielding varieties of crops, greater exploitation of irrigation potentials etc… has boosted the production out put in most of cases. Without proper choice and continues use of these high energy inputs is leading to decline in production and productivity of various crops as well as deterioration of soil health and environments.
    [Show full text]
  • “Nearby and Natural”: Towards a Differential Geography of Organic Farming In
    “Nearby and Natural”: Towards a Differential Geography of Organic Farming in South-Eastern Ontario By Melanie Sommerville, B.Sc. (Honours) A thesis submitted to: The Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Masters of Arts Department of Geography and Environmental Studies Carleton University © Melanie Sommerville, June 2006 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Library and Bibliotheque et Archives Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de I'edition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-18300-7 Our file Notre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-18300-7 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non­ L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library permettant a la Bibliotheque et Archives and Archives Canada to reproduce,Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve,sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par telecommunication ou par I'lnternet, preter, telecommunication or on the Internet,distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans loan, distribute and sell theses le monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, worldwide, for commercial or non­ sur support microforme, papier, electronique commercial purposes, in microform,et/ou autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L'auteur conserve la propriete du droit d'auteur ownership and moral rights in et des droits moraux qui protege cette these. this thesis. Neither the thesis Ni la these ni des extraits substantiels de nor substantial extracts from it celle-ci ne doivent etre imprimes ou autrement may be printed or otherwise reproduits sans son autorisation.
    [Show full text]
  • Introducing Organic Agriculture
    Introducing organic agriculture S S R A N A SR SCIENTIST 2 As the food as the mind As the mind as the thought As the thought as the action Introduction to organic agriculture Sustainable Agriculture (SA) 3 — Sustainable development – Sustainable agriculture — Sustainable implies long - term support or permanence — SA – Farming system that are capable of maintaining productivity and usefulness to society indefinitely. — It must be resource conserving, socially supportive, commercially competitive and environmentally sound. Introduction to organic agriculture SA 4 — “Sustainable agriculture is the successful management of resources for agriculture to satisfy changing human needs while maintaining or enhancing the quality of environment and conserving natural resources" - FAO — A sustainable agriculture is ecologically sound, economically viable, socially just and humane – International Alliance for Sustainable Agriculture Introduction to organic agriculture SA 5 — SA presents a positive response to the limits and problems of both traditional and modern agriculture. — This result in integrated, nature-based agro- ecosystems designed to be self-reliant, resource- conserving and productive in both the short and long terms. — Organic farming (OA) is one of the several approaches found to meet the objectives of SA Introduction to organic agriculture OA v/s SA 6 — Organic farming is often associated directly with, "Sustainable farming." However, ‘organic farming’ and ‘sustainable farming’, policy and ethics-wise are two different terms. Many techniques used in organic farming are not alien to various agriculture systems including the traditional agriculture practiced in old countries like India. However, organic farming is based on various laws and certification programmes. — OA is thought of as the best alternative to avoid the ill effects of chemical farming.
    [Show full text]
  • The SOPA Standards for Organic Production
    Scottish Organic Producers Association – Production Standards ORGANIC STANDARDS FOR FOOD AND FARMING GB-ORG-17 Issue 4 Scottish Organic Producers Association – Production Standards Contents Introduction The History and origins of Organic Farming and Standards Where we are now Scottish Organic Producers Association Section 1 – Standards of Management 1.1 – Organic principles and methods 1.2 – Eligible organic units 1.3 – Conversion to organic production 1.4 - Farm planning 1.5 – Key documents 1.6 – Record keeping 1.7 – Farm Inspection 1.8 – Labelling products 1.9 – Packaging and transport of products 1.10 – Farm staff and skills 1.11 – Products not meeting standards 1.12 – Complaints procedure and confidentiality Section 2 – Production Standards – Crop Production 2.1 – Organic crops 2.2 - Management of organic cropping 2.3 – Conversion to organic cropping 2.4 – Grassland and forage 2.5 – Seeds and propagation 2.6 – Weed control 2.7 – Pest and disease control 2.8 – Chemical residue testing 2.9 – Harvest and storage Section 3 – Production Standards – Livestock Production 3.1 – Organic livestock principles 3.2 – Origin and conversion of organic livestock 3.3 – General management of livestock enterprises 3.4 – Livestock housing 3.5 – Livestock feed 3.6 – Animal health and veterinary treatments 3.7 – Handling and transportation of live animals and birds 3.8 – Standards for livestock markets 3.9 – Deer Standards 3.10 – Wool standards Section 4 – Soil, soil nutrients and care of the environment 4.1 – Organic soil management 4.2 – Manures and plant waste 4.3 – Manure management and application 4.4 - Mineral fertilisers and supplementary nutrients 4.5 – Organic production and care of the environment SOPA Organic Production Standards - Page 2 of 92 Issue 4 Rev 1 Date:08/10/2012 Introduction Scottish Organic Producers Association – Production Standards Introduction The history of organic farming It is important to realize and appreciate where organic farming first originated from and the progress it has made and where it is today.
    [Show full text]
  • Britain's Green Fascists: Understanding the Relationship Between Fascism, Farming, and Ecological Concerns in Britain, 1919-1951 Alec J
    UNF Digital Commons UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations Student Scholarship 2017 Britain's Green Fascists: Understanding the Relationship between Fascism, Farming, and Ecological Concerns in Britain, 1919-1951 Alec J. Warren University of North Florida Suggested Citation Warren, Alec J., "Britain's Green Fascists: Understanding the Relationship between Fascism, Farming, and Ecological Concerns in Britain, 1919-1951" (2017). UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations. 755. https://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/755 This Master's Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Scholarship at UNF Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of UNF Digital Commons. For more information, please contact Digital Projects. © 2017 All Rights Reserved BRITAIN’S GREEN FASCISTS: Understanding the Relationship between Fascism, Farming, and Ecological Concerns in Britain, 1919-1951 by Alec Jarrell Warren A Thesis submitted to the Department of History in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree in Master of Arts in History UNIVERSITY OF NORTH FLORIDA COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES August, 2017 Unpublished work © Alec Jarrell Warren This Thesis of Alec Jarrell Warren is approved: Dr. Charles Closmann Dr. Chau Kelly Dr. Yanek Mieczkowski Accepted for the Department of History: Dr. Charles Closmann Chair Accepted for the College of Arts and Sciences: Dr. George Rainbolt Dean Accepted for the University: Dr. John Kantner Dean of the Graduate School ii DEDICATION This work is dedicated to my family, who have always loved and supported me through all the highs and lows of my journey. Without them, this work would have been impossible.
    [Show full text]
  • Organic Farming
    ORGANIC FARMING An International History In memory of Ben Stinner His insightful intelligence, quick wit and engaging geniality delighted and inspired all who knew him Organic Farming An International History Edited by William Lockeretz Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. CABI is a trading name of CAB International CABI Head Office CABI North American Office Nosworthy Way 875 Massachusetts Avenue Wallingford 7th Floor Oxfordshire OX10 8DE Cambridge, MA 02139 UK USA Tel: +44 (0)1491 832111 Tel: +1 617 395 4056 Fax: +44 (0)1491 833508 Fax: +1 617 354 6875 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Web site: www.cabi.org ©CAB International 2007. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronically, mechanically, by photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owners. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library, London, UK. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Organic farming: an international history / William Lockeretz, editor. p. cm. ISBN 978-0-85199-833-6 (alk. paper) -- ISBN 978-1-84593-289-3 (ebook) 1. Organic farming--History. 2. Organic farming--Societies, etc. I. Lockeretz, William. II. Title. S605.5.0667 2007 631.5'84--dc22 2007012464 ISBN-13: 978 0 85199 833 6 Typeset by SPi, Pondicherry, India. Printed and bound in the UK by Cromwell Press, Trowbridge. The paper used for the text pages of this book is FSC certified. The FSC (Forest Stewardship Council) is an international network to promote responsible management of the world’s forests.
    [Show full text]
  • Organic Society: Agriculture and Radical Politics in the Career of Gerard Wallop, Ninth Earl of Portsmouth (1898–1984)*
    AGHR53_1.qxd 10/03/2005 11:09 Page 78 Organic society: agriculture and radical politics in the career of Gerard Wallop, ninth Earl Of Portsmouth (1898–1984)* by Philip Conford Abstract Through examining the ideas and activities of G. V. Wallop, ninth Earl of Portsmouth, this article demonstrates a close connection between the emerging organic movement and radical right-wing poli- tics during the 1930s and 1940s. Evidence from his papers reveals that Wallop, a noted farmer and landowner, was instrumental in drawing together leading organic pioneers, and belonged to many of the groups which promoted organic husbandry during the mid-twentieth century. Other important organi- cists were to be found actively involved in his political initiatives, which were well to the Right of the spectrum. While rejecting the view that commitment to organic husbandry necessarily implies far-Right politics, the article argues that Wallop’s espousal of both causes casts serious doubt on the claim that the early organic movement was a-political. Many members of the contemporary organic movement, and of the Soil Association in partic- ular, experience a certain discomfort when the political dimension of its early history is discussed. Over the past two decades, several historians have demonstrated that during the movement’s formative years a number of its leading personalities were associated with Fascist or radical right-wing organisations and, in so doing, have handed ammunition to its enemies.1 Two main lines of response to the problem are evident. One is to try to drive a wedge between the organic movement as it has developed since the 1960s and its earlier incarnation from the 1930s to the 1950s, downplaying any continuity between the two and attributing the modern movement primarily to the impact of a broader environmentalism given impetus by Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring.
    [Show full text]
  • A Review on History of Organic Farming in the Current Changing Context in Nepal Kishor Atreya1* , Bhishma Prasad
    Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science 5(3): 406-418 (2020) https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2020.0503024 This content is available online at AESA Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science Journal homepage: journals.aesacademy.org/index.php/aaes e-ISSN: 2456-6632 REVIEW ARTICLE A review on history of organic farming in the current changing context in Nepal Kishor Atreya1* , Bhishma Prasad. Subedi2, Puspa Lal Ghimire2, Sudarshan Chandra Khanal2 and Samikshya Pandit3 1Practical Health Achieving Self-Empowerment (PHASE) Nepal, Suryabinayak 4, Bhaktapur, NEPAL 2Asia Network for Sustainable Agriculture and Bioresources (ANSAB), Kathmandu, NEPAL 3Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science (IAAS), Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, NEPAL *Corresponding author‖s E-mail: [email protected] ARTICLE HISTORY ABSTRACT Received: 12 July 2020 Worldwide, with the increase in awareness of health and environmental concerns, demand for Revised received: 05 September 2020 organic agricultural products is increasing, however, its adoption in Nepal at the field level is Accepted: 20 September 2020 minimal (0.30% of the total agricultural land area). Exploring the history of organic agriculture could answer, “why its growth, despite the increasing demand, is minimal?” The history of organic agriculture for commerce in Nepal is little known. This study thus explores the scope Keywords and history of commercial organic agriculture in Nepal. The paper identifies a few historical Agriculture commerce landmarks of organic agriculture; and while doing so, it describes the world history of organic Government policies agriculture. The study observed that a ―pure‖ form of organic agriculture in Nepal started in Organic agriculture 1987, when an American research scholar established a commercial farm.
    [Show full text]
  • TAMAP Organic Farming and Sustainable Agriculture in Sri Lanka
    Technical Assistance to the Modernisation of Agriculture Programme in Sri Lanka EuropeAid/138-539/DH/SER/LK Technical Assistance to the Modernisation of Agricultural Programme in Sri Lanka (TAMAP) TAMAP Organic Farming and Sustainable Agriculture in Sri Lanka July 2020 Submitted to: Delegation of the European Union to Sri Lanka and the Maldives 389, Bauddhaloka Mawatha, Colombo 7, Sri Lanka Ministry of National Policies & Economic Affairs Department of National Planning, The Secretariat, 1st floor Colombo 01, Sri Lanka This project is implemented by a Consortium led by Ecorys Nederland, B.V Technical Assistance to the Modernisation of Agriculture Programme in Sri Lanka Technical Report: TAMAP Organic Farming and Sustainable Agriculture in Sri Lanka Project title: Technical Assistance to the Modernisation of Agriculture Programme in Sri Lanka Project number: ACA/2017/389-911 Country: Sri Lanka Address: Ecorys Nederland B.V Watermanweg 44 3067 GG Rotterdam The Netherlands Tel. number: T: +31 10 453 86 76 Fax number: F : +31 10 453 87 55 Contact person: Nick Smart [email protected] Date of report: 6 July 2020 Disclaimer. The content of this report does not reflect the official opinion of the European Union. Responsibility for the information and views expressed lies entirely with the author(s) and the consortium led by Ecorys Nederland BV for the implementation of TAMAP Technical Assistance to the Modernisation of Agriculture Programme in Sri Lanka PROJECT SYNOPSIS Project Title: Technical Assistance to the Modernisation of Agriculture
    [Show full text]
  • NATURE FARMING in Japan
    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/275035711 NATURE FARMING In Japan Book · January 2006 CITATION READS 1 1,093 1 author: Hui-lian Xu International Nature Farming Research Center, Matsumoto-city, Japan 173 PUBLICATIONS 1,276 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Applications and implications of signal transduction and xerophytophysiology in plant production View project Organic production View project All content following this page was uploaded by Hui-lian Xu on 17 April 2015. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Research Signpost 37/661 (2), Fort P.O., Trivandrum-695 023, Kerala, India NATURE FARMING In Japan, 2006: 1-168 ISBN: 81-308-0119-1 Author: Hui-lian Xu NATURE FARMING In Japan Hui-lian Xu Senior Researcher and Deputy Director, Agricultural Experiment Station International Nature Farming Research Center, Hata, Nagano 390-1401, Japan Abstract When chemical fertilizers began to spread in Japan several decades ago, many farmers and agricultural scientists blindly believed in chemical fertilizers and pesticides that pests would become extinct and hungers would be exterminated by chemicals. At this moment, Mokichi Okada, an orient philosopher, warned people with an opinion contrary to others and proposed his philosophy of nature farming, an agricultural system similar to organic agriculture. The main points of his nature farming philosophy includes the following: 1) fertilizers
    [Show full text]
  • Raeburn Wines Web Cataloguef AW 2019, Nov Issue.Xlsx
    Raeburn Fine Wines November issue Shippers and Wholesalers of Fine Wine. Web Catalogue, AW 2019 Size / Background Wine Type Year Pack Quote: Basics: Key: Lady Eve Balfour, speaking to the IFOAM NB exchange rate 'fluctuation' is increasing cost of new arrivals * = limited stock (sub 24 btls) conference, (Switzerland, 1977 ) re aims in Prices are DPD per unit, ex-VAT, including delivery/transfer (VAULTS) = only in Edinburgh evolving agriculture, quoting Aldo Leopold: Min. order 2cases for free delivery within M25, ex-LCB Tilbury a = spirits Min. order 2cases for free delivery to all UK, ex-Edinburgh f = fortified '…we cannot escape from the Min. order for free UK delivery on application, ex-LCB Tilbury o = orange ethical and spiritual values of life 10 cse rate, IB and ex-cellars prices upon request p = pink for they are part of the wholeness… A 'case' is 9litres, i.e. 12 BTLS, 24 HVS, 6 MAGS, 3 DBL MAGS, etc. r = red "A thing is right when when it Cases can be mixed w = white tends to preserve the integrity, Prices include UK duty at prevailing rate when issued sp = sparkling stability and beauty of the biotic Size is listed as: unit size in cl / number units per pack sw = sweet community. It is wrong when it Our main tariffs are agency, main, en primeur, etc. 1L = VDP Erste Lage tends otherwise." That quotation Subject to Terms & Conditions: available on request GL = VDP Grosse Lage expresses what I believe should All wines are offered subject to availability 1C = Premier Cru be our guidelines.' This list cancels all previous lists.
    [Show full text]
  • SCIENCE and the FARMER: the DEVELOPMENT of AGRICULTURE in WEST WALES, 1900-1950 JULIE ANN COGGINS, G.I.BIOL., MA Director of St
    SCIENCE AND THE FARMER: THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURE IN WEST WALES, 1900-1950 JULIE ANN COGGINS, G.I.BIOL., MA Director of Studies: Dr Jeremy Smith Supervisor: Mr Conway Davies Submitted in partial fulfilment for the award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Wales Trinity Saint David 2018 DECLARATION This work has not previously been accepted in substance for any degree and is not being concurrently submitted in candidature for any degree. Signed ...........Julie Coggins........................................ (candidate) Date ...............8/5/2018......................................................... STATEMENT 1 This thesis is the result of my own investigations, except where otherwise stated. Where correction services have been used the extent and nature of the correction is clearly marked in a footnote(s). Other sources are acknowledged by footnotes giving explicit references. A bibliography is appended. Signed ..........Julie Coggins......................................... (candidate) Date .............8/5/2018........................................................... STATEMENT 2 I hereby give consent for my thesis, if accepted, to be available for photocopying and for inter-library loan, and for the title and summary to be made available to outside organisations. Signed ...........Julie Coggins........................................ (candidate) Date ..............8/5/2018.......................................................... STATEMENT 3 I hereby give consent for my thesis, if accepted, to be available
    [Show full text]