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CLAIRE SMITH EDITOR

he more observant of those among you may have industry. In this issue’s Big Interview, Emily Ashwell spoke to Transport noticed that I am not Mark Hansford – Mark is leaving for NSW senior executive Paul McCormick who recently emigrated to New Civil Engineer this month to join the ICE as Australia to help deliver the huge infrastructure projects planned there. T director of engineering knowledge. For the last eight Australia has been in the news almost daily so far this year as a result years I have been editor of New Civil Engineer’s sister of the devastating bush fires there, and this brings me to the critical title Ground Engineering but New Civil Engineer has played a key part challenge of the next decade: tackling climate change. of my career since I first joined the ICE as a student member in 1995. Now New Civil Engineer is the focus of my career. So, new decade, new editor but will there be new opportunities Insight I have gained in recent for the sector? I do believe that there will be, but there are also challenges ahead which must be tackled. months means I believe that a While the conclusion of the withdrawal from the European Union (EU) at the end of January is not welcome to all, many will be relieved return to growth is coming: my contacts that decisions are finally being made. With a line drawn in the sand, we can move on from the political turmoil of the last three years. in the ground investigation industry tell And it is not a moment too soon – the Construction Purchasing Managers Index, which gives a guide to whether the construction me that the market is booming industry is growing or contracting, has been hovering at low levels “ not seen since the height of the 2008 recession. The index has shown This issue also contains a focus on the drive to reduce greenhouse gas a steady fall since the 2016 EU referendum – a clear barometer of emissions to net zero and the key role the industry has falling confidence in the market. to play dealing with the climate crisis that few now deny exists. However, the industry insight I have gained in recent months The UK was the first major economy to take on legally binding through my role on Ground Engineering means that I believe that a commitments to reduce greenhouse gas output with the target of return to growth is coming: my contacts in the ground investigation reducing emissions by at least 100% of 1990 levels – net zero – by industry tell me that the market is booming. Ground investigation is 2050. Promises are easy to make but putting policies in place and always the first to suffer in a downturn as clients pull back from new putting them into action is critical. projects, but it is always the first to recover too when confidence returns. In this issue’s lead feature, WSP executive director and UK head Within weeks we can expect a decision on High Speed 2, which, if of transport Rachel Skinner, who will be inaugurated as the next the rumours started by Lord Berkeley’s dissenting report are true, is President of the ICE this autumn, hits the nail on the head when expected to come out in support of the project. This is in addition to she says: “The nature of what we do has the potential to be part of the ramping up this year of Network Rail’s Control Period 6, the start the problem; now we have to demonstrate we can be part of the of the water industry’s Asset Management Period 7 and Highways solution.” England’s second Road Investment Strategy. What are you going to do to today to make sure you play your role But the UK is only part of the opportunity – the growth in in being part of the solution? international sectors creates huge potential for the civil engineering l Claire Smith is New Civil Engineer’s editor

FEBRUARY 2020 | NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 3 Contents NEW CIVIL ENGINEER FEBRUARY 2020 MAGAZINE OF THE INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS

08 News, Comment 21 Towards & Analysis Net Zero

08 The Edit: is now running two and a half years late

08 The Edit: New editor for New Civil Engineer announced

11 Inside Track: Battle over need for HS2 erupts

12 Inside Track: Heathrow access row

13 Inside Track: Bakerloo Extension to be funded by property levy

14 Inside Track: Power cut report triggers resilience move

16 Big Interview: Paul McCormick, Transport for NSW

18 Your View: Florida collapse; PI costs

46 ICE Record

Engineers are part of the solution to the climate crisis, in particular the global eff ort to cut carbon emissions. Some construction fi rms are already building carbon reduction into their business plans and into their projects. Here we look at what is being done

22 With governments around 26 Skanska UK is using a tunnelling 46 ICE pass list the world declaring a climate project on Humberside to develop emergency, it is time act on carbon low carbon solutions

4 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER | FEBRUARY 2020 We want your feedback! Have your say on New Civil Engineer’s magazine and online content in our annual readers survey. Deadline 7 February. Visit www.research.net/r/RHRLFZH

29 Innovative Live! EDITORIAL TEAM Thinking EDITORIAL ENQUIRIES Email: [email protected]

Editor Claire Smith (020) 3953 2818 claire.smith

Deputy Editor Alexandra Wynne (020) 3953 2822 alexandra.wynne

Associate Editor Emily Ashwell (020) 3953 2094 emily.ashwell

LISTEN: THE ENGINEERS COLLECTIVE News Editor This month we interview Heathrow Rob Horgan 30  Mace is building on its jumping (020) 3953 2087 rob.horgan factory concept at a housing expansion director Phil Wilbraham development in east London newcivilengineer.com/podcast Features Reporter Catherine Kennedy (020) 3953 2095 catherine.kennedy 32  Cover: Bam Nuttall is using new technology to predict when concrete News Reporter Joshua Stein will cure, speeding up London City (020) 3953 2088 joshua.stein Airport’s expansion (above) Chief Sub Editor 36 Innovation showcase Andy Bolton (020) 3953 2823 | andy.bolton

Designer 35 Innovative James McCarthy Thinker [email protected]

BOOK NOW Graphic Artist New Civil Engineer’s Future of Airports conference Anthea Carter [email protected] is back in 2020. Visit airports.newcivilengineer.com to see the speaker line up Technical Editor Emeritus Dave Parker dave.parker COMING SOON CUSTOMER SERVICES (020) 3953 2152 NCE100 awards [email protected] https://100awards.newcivilengineer.com DISPLAY ADVERTISING Future of Rail Francis Barham 35 WSP’s Giles Perkins on new https://rail.newcivilengineer.com (020) 953 2912 francis.barham approaches to transport infrastructure

FEBRUARY 2020 | NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 5 Lighthouse ICE VIEWPOINT Delivering net zero emissions by 2050

he start of 2020 consciousness. brings with it a An Ipsos Mori poll carried out last Every nation majority government year found that 85% of British adults has a role to T for the first time since now express concern about climate 2017. change. play in mitigating the Coupled with the UK’s exit date The outlook could not be any from the European Union at the end clearer. If global average temperatures impacts of climate of January, there is now, at least, rise above 2°C, then catastrophic some optimism. BY ART WE damage will be done to the planet. change With the parliamentary deadlock MASTER The resulting change in weather “ lifted, progress can be made in WHAT WOULD patterns will cause widespread taking forward much needed MASTER US drought and unprecedented flooding The ICE will dedicate this public policy programmes across events. Both will have irreversible year’s State of the Nation report all Whitehall departments. This impacts on all life that exists on our to identifying actionable policy includes those departments allied planet. solutions so that policymakers and to infrastructure and the natural Every nation has a role to play in industry stakeholders can work environment. mitigating the impacts of climate collaboratively towards achieving If this government is serious change. For its part, the UK has the target. about the environment – which it legislated to reach a net zero Some of the specific questions should be – then now is the time greenhouse gas emissions target by that the project will tackle include: for making rapid progress on the 2050. l What are the practical, technical climate change agenda. Since doing so in July of last year, and financial interventions required The need to do so is demonstrated a flurry of research, insight and to meet the target? by all of the leading science and is solutions have been put forward l What lessons can be learned fast becoming a fixture in the public for meeting the UK target from from international approaches to organisations representing many reducing or offsetting greenhouse different parts of the economy. After gas emissions? all, it is hard to think of a single l What steps should be taken to If this economic activity that does not ensure that consideration of the government carry an emissions footprint. target is embedded in all major So what about the infrastructure planning and procurement decisions is serious about the sector and its contribution to the relating to infrastructure delivery? target? The conclusions of the State environment, then This is an extremely important of the Nation report will help the place to focus given that the sector government in its deliberations now is the time for is one of the biggest contributors to about how best to start laying the “making rapid progress the UK’s greenhouse gas emissions. groundwork to ensure that the In 2018, through transport, target becomes a reality by 2050, if on the climate electricity generation and the supply not sooner. It will be published in of gas for heating, the sector either June. change agenda directly or in-directly contributed to l Comments about the Lighthouse 69% of all CO2₂emissions. Column to [email protected]

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Find out more at www.aquaspira.com or call today on 01282 608 510 Used and approved for adoption in all UK water company regions Composite Steel Reinforced Pipes *comparison with concrete pipe for a typical 1200mmØ pipe MORE NEWS NEW CIVIL ENGINEER NEW EDITOR CLAIRE Sign up for SMITH TAKES The Edit New Civil OVER FROM MARK THE BIGGEST STORIES OF THE MONTH Engineer’s HANSFORD FROM NEWCIVILENGINEER.COM Breaking, Daily and New Civil Engineer’s publisher Emap has announced that Ground Weekly news Engineering editor Claire Smith is alerts at taking over from Mark Hansford as New Civil Engineer newcivil editor of . Hansford leaves New Civil Engineer after 19 years engineer. – five as editor – to become ICE director com/ of engineering knowledge. Smith has a BEng in engineering geology and newsletters geotechnics and became a construction journalist 20 years ago. Her first byline – under the name of Claire Symes – was in the news section of New Civil Engineer’s 20 January 2000 issue. She trained with former New Civil Engineer editor Ty Byrd and worked on numerous international construction magazines before joining Ground Engineering.

TUNNELLING KEY STATS SECTOR HEAVYWEIGHT BACKS LINK UNDER Further Crossrail delays mean 2.5 years IRISH SEA Current A proposed 19km high-speed rail level of tunnel linking Britain and Northern the project is now scheduled to Ireland could be completed in five delay to years, according to tunnelling expert open two and a half years late Crossrail Bill Grose. A report to be published by the British Tunnelling Society is to say that falling tunnel construction costs CROSSRAIL 2018. Crossrail Ltd said: “This latest will make building the tunnel more Crossrail now expects Elizabeth line forecast is based on the current feasible. Speaking to New Civil services to start running through progress with completing software Engineer, Grose, who is lead author of central London between Paddington development for the signalling and the report and a former BTS chairman, and Abbey Wood in summer 2021 – train systems along with safety said: “With several machines starting two and a half years late. Full services assurance for the railway so that from England, and on the Elizabeth line route from intensive operational testing can begin the Isle of Man, and some productivity Reading and Heathrow west of the in 2020.” Before the announcement improvements, the tunnelling could capital to Abbey Wood and Shenfield Transport for London bosses revealed be done in five years.” Suggested in the east will not start until they were working towards an autumn route options include a link between mid-2022. The delivery body said the 2021 opening date. London Assembly Scotland’s Mull of Kintyre and the key focus for this year is to start Transport Committee chair Navin County Antrim coast in Northern operational testing as soon as Shah said he welcomed the news but Ireland, although both locations lack possible, now that tunnel and track said there were still questions about ports and roads. Another option would works are complete and most stations the length of time the project has be an 80km route from Holyhead to are nearly finished. There is still no taken. “We want to be sure it [the . This would include the confirmation that the Bond Street schedule] is realistic and that it won’t political challenge of linking the UK to Crossrail station will open with the slip again,” he said. “We also want the Republic of Ireland. Grose rest of the line. The latest opening assurance that there will be no further estimated the cost of a tunnel to be forecast means the project has been increase in the final cost. Crossrail will the same as prime minister Boris delayed by two and a half years from be a huge benefit to Londoners when Johnson’s widely-£15bn Northern the original opening date of December it finally opens in 2021.” Ireland to Scotland bridge proposal.

8 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER | FEBRUARY 2020 STADIUMS NEW EVERTON STADIUM

Everton Football Club has published final designs for its new 52,000 seater stadium, in support of a planning application submitted to Liverpool City Council. The stadium is designed by MEIS architects with engineers BuroHappold and will be located at Bramley-Moore Dock on Liverpool’s waterfront. The stadium comprises four distinct stands including a 13,000 capacity stand for home supporters.

TRANSPORT STRUCTURES TUNNELLING NETWORK RAIL PHASE 2 LONDON NAMES DESIGN SACKED FROM MI6 POWER TUNNELS FRAMEWORK JOB AFTER LOSING CONTRACT GOES TO WINNERS SECRET PLANS HOCHTIEF-MURPHY

Network Rail has awarded 82 design Balfour Beatty has been sacked from National Grid has awarded Hochtief- services framework contracts. MI6 renovation works after plans of Murphy joint venture the six year Aecom, Mott MacDonald, WSP and the Secret Intelligence Service London contract for tunnels and shafts Jacobs are among the winners, with headquarters were lost. The on phase 2 of the London Power Amey, Arcadis and Balfour Beatty also contractor produced the plans as part Tunnels project. The £400M contract picking up contracts. The design of the renovation project. They is scheduled to start in March services framework comprises four reportedly went missing around two next year. The eight year, £1bn multi-discipline and 78 single weeks before Christmas. The Secret London Power Tunnels project will discipline frameworks. The initial Intelligence Service could now be create a 32.5km tunnel to house contracts are worth £400M and are forced to change the layout of its electricity transmission cables, 30m Liebigset to NCE run forRevised the next ad fiveDec 2019_Layoutyears. 1 11/5/19Vauxhall 5:01Cross PM site Page for safety 1 reasons. underground.

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NCE Advert.indd 1 09/01/2020 15:35 Inside Track THE BIGGEST ISSUES OF THE MONTH EXPLORED

when the company itself admits that no other such high speed line is able to run more than 12 to 14.” Alternatively, Berkeley recommends upgrading the existing Network Rail network by four tracking routes to increase capacity. In response, McNaughton told New Civil Engineer that Berkeley’s alternative suggestions are “impossible”. “Since its inception, HS2 has been based on three things; to provide a high speed service, to provide a high capacity service and to provide a highly reliable service,” McNaughton said. “The point of HS2 is not to build like we always have done for 200 years but to do something different that will improve the whole network for 100 plus years to come. “If it was possible to achieve the same benefits at a lower cost by upgrading the existing network then it would have been HIGH SPEED 2 done already.” He added: “The truth is, it is impossible HS2 row erupts after ‘dissenting report’ to four-track most of the existing network as houses are built right up to the tracks Project’s chief designer hits out at claims that HS2 is ‘unachievable’ in a lot of urban and suburban areas.” McNaughton added that Berkeley’s suggestion that it is “unachievable” to run BY ROB HORGAN, CLAIRE SMITH AND MARK HANSFORD 18 trains an hour is unfounded. “Berkeley has based his assessment on the fact that no other high speed rail line row has broken out between Department for Transport (DfT) officials in runs 18 trains an hour. To put it simply, senior figures appointed to the review and suggested that costs could that is because they are not designed to. review High Speed 2 (HS2) and be cut by up to £20bn by reducing the “He claims that the signalling systems theA project’s original designer. “unnecessarily high specification”. don’t allow for 18 trains per hour but that It comes after deputy chairman of the However, HS2 Ltd officials have hit back. is not the case. To run 18 trains an hour government-ordered Oakervee review, Former HS2 Ltd technical director Andrew you have to free up the bottlenecks at Lord Berkeley published his “dissenting McNaughton has claimed that Berkeley’s junctions and stations and that is how HS2 report” into the project. report is “completely and factually wrong” has been designed differently from other Lord Berkeley described HS2 as a and “founded on untruths”. high speed lines.” “wrong and expensive solution” and McNaughton – who still acts as an Members of the Oakervee review questioned the competence of government advisor to HS2 Ltd – contested Berkeley’s team have also spoken out against officials. Berkeley stepped down from the conclusions that the project is designed to Berkeley’s report. Review team member review team on 31 October last year. His “an unnecessarily high” specification, that and vociferous HS2 backer, West Midlands comments appear in a self-published costs could be brought down by lowering mayor Andy Street has weighed in, urging “dissenting report” on the project, and the line speed and that running 18 trains MPs and peers to dismiss Berkeley’s views were welcomed by environmentalists, per hour is “unachievable”. and claiming that all nine other review but criticised the rail industry and fellow In his report, Berkeley concludes: “HS2 panel members are “fully supportive” of review panel members. has been planned around a specification the scheme. Berkeley claimed that review chairman which is unnecessarily high and expensive “It is very odd that we have heard from Doug Oakervee’s report (which has for the services needed and for a country one of the review panel but not the other yet to be published) is biased towards much smaller geographically than France, nine,” he said. “I know that every other accepting HS2 Ltd’s evidence, leading him Germany or Italy. member is supportive of the scheme and to expect that the review will “HS2 Ltd has designed the scheme for [Berkeley’s] minority report, in my view, is recommend that the project goes ahead. 360km/h to 400km/h – higher than any very bad form.” He also criticised the involvement – other high-speed line in Europe or Japan, Street’s statement on behalf of the other and lack of scrutiny – of Treasury and and for 18 trains an hour in each direction, panel members comes despite the fact

FEBRUARY 2020 | NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 11 Inside Track Xxxxx xxxx xxxxx

that several of the panel have publicly AVIATION questioned need for the megaproject in the past. Heathrow access row Other review panel members include London School of Economics academic Tony Travers who in the past has said that Airport operator’s delivery plan it is “hard to believe” that the same money wouldn’t be better used for public trans- criticised for lacking ambition port in cities such as London, Birmingham and Manchester. Another panel member, BY ROB HORGAN former chair of the Office of Rail and Road Stephen Glaister has previously said that eathrow Airport Ltd (HAL) has without a “big-picture analysis” of HS2 “we outlined alternative expansion just don’t know” whether there is better delivery schedules and costs. way of spending the money. HHAL’s Initial Business Plan reveals Street’s claim of near-full panel support detailed costings for its third runway for the scheme does tally with a leaked proposal for the first time, including plans draft of Oakervee’s report published by for rail links from the west and the south The Times in December. It suggested of the airport. Oakervee was set to recommend The plan submitted to the Civil Aviation proceeding with the project in full. Authority (CAA) outlines two possible But rail minister Chris Heaton-Harris delivery schedules. One focuses on cost sounded a cautionary note, stating that savings and the other prioritises services many press reports that appeared after and would require additional investment. the Times article “were not entirely In December, HAL announced that it was accurate”. He added that transport pushing back the completion of the third secretary Grant Shapps had spoken to runway from 2026 to “early 2028 or late Oakervee and asked him to rework the 2029”, after the CAA ruled that Heathrow’s document, focusing particularly on “facts timeline should be adjusted to allow for around costs and deliverables”. the to rule on its Oakervee’s final report is now expected development consent order application. creating two new junctions on the M25 as to be made public in the coming weeks The first plan would allow Heathrow’s well as constructing the Southern Road and it is understood that prime minister third runway to open in 2028. The second Tunnel to connect the airport’s central Boris Johnson will make a final decision would bring the runway into service in 2029. terminal with M25 traffic travelling from on the project at the same time as the HAL claims the first delivery schedule the south. Changes to the airport’s review is published. can still be delivered within the original infrastructure including car parks and It had previously been suggested that £14bn price tag given in 2014. access roads are also included as part of the Oakervee report would be made The second, more expensive, schedule both delivery schedules. public ahead of a final decision from the involves spending an additional £3bn HAL chief executive John Holland-Kaye government. over the first 15 years including investing said: “This plan ticks all the boxes. New But rail industry sources have told £750M each in western and southern rail capacity at Heathrow will help drive down New Civil Engineer that Johnson is keen links. Under this proposal a western rail air fares, attract up to 40 new long haul as to detail the project’s future as quickly as link would be completed in the mid-2020s well as more domestic routes and connect possible. before the third runway opens, with a all of Britain to global growth.” “Once the Brexit deadline [31 January] southern link scheduled for completion in Despite HAL’s commitment to address- is out the way, the government is keen to the mid-2030s. ing surface access challenges, Heathrow move the agenda on quickly,” one rail pro- The plan states: “We are working with Southern Railway chief executive Chris fessional said. “HS2 is front of the queue of DfT to create new airport rail links. A Stokes has criticised the airport operator things to clear and to clear quickly. western rail link to Reading would allow for “lacking ambition”. “A decision on whether to proceed or passengers to travel to the airport from Stokes told New Civil Engineer that he how to proceed is now extremely likely to the South coast, South West, South Wales was “very disappointed” by HAL’s delivery come at the same time that the report is and the West Midlands without going into schedule, which proposes opening a made public.” London. southern rail link in the mid-2030s. Oakervee submitted the first draft “In the 2030s a southern rail link Heathrow Southern Railway is a privately of his overarching review to the DfT in connecting the South West and Waterloo financed proposal for a southern rail link November, when it was put under wraps to Heathrow is also planned.” to Heathrow Airport. It will connect into until after the General Election. Shapps It adds: “We assume building western High Speed 2 at Old Oak Common and had previously pledged to make the report rail in both options, but our contribution run through to Waterloo station via public “as soon as [he] had it”. varies. Investment in any southern rail link Clapham Junction. But election campaign rules – and the also varies by option.” “We are very disappointed at the lack of need to “get Brexit done” – have so far Both delivery schedules include ambition in HAL’s business plan, especially prevented him from doing so. improving road links to the airport and on the timeline for opening a southern

12 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER | FEBRUARY 2020 MORE NEWS NEWCIVILENGINEER.COM

RAIL extension of the Bakerloo line beyond Heathrow’s proposed Elephant & Castle to Lewisham and third runway layout Bakerloo extension levy even further but l also think we need to upgrade the whole of the Bakerloo line and fund the project with a levy on TfL could charge property owners surrounding land of the extension, as it’s along line extension route unlikely to attract grants from central government in the political climate for up to the next 10 years,” Qureshi wrote BY ROB HORGAN on his website. “It appears the priority for the new ransport for London (TfL) is government on infrastructural investment exploring the possibility of taxing will be for connecting up the Northern landowners along the proposed towns to the nearest cities. So we will TBakerloo line extension route to fund the have to show other means of funding the £3.1bn project, New Civil Engineer can extension proposed.” reveal. He added: “Assuming the enhanced TfL is carrying out a land value exercise land value is greater than the build cost to determine how much landowners of the Bakerloo extension, a land levy along the route stand to benefit from the should be introduced and be applied extension. to the whole of the catchment area of This will enable it to calculate the size the new extension with no need for of levy it could impose on property own- contributions from existing taxpayers.” ers along the route. TfL has previously used levies to TfL wants to extend the Bakerloo line fund projects, such as the £4.1bn raised in south London from Elephant & Castle through its supplementary business rate to Lewisham via Old Kent Road and on large commercial properties within the New Cross Gate. A possible further Greater London area, which went towards extension beyond Lewisham to Hayes funding Crossrail. and Beckenham Junction has also been The Adam Smith Institute think tank link,” Stokes told New Civil Engineer. included in previous consultations. believes that the Bakerloo line landowner “It is especially disappointing consider- As part of the project the existing levy would work. ing HAL has pushed back the opening of Elephant & Castle station will have to be Adam Smith Institute research associate the third runway by up to three years. expanded to accommodate more ticket Charlie Paice said: “Rather than relying “We are in no doubt that we could have barriers and a larger ticket hall. on central government handouts for a southern railway to Heathrow opened Two new stations would also be built infrastructure investment, this land levy by the late 2020s, but we would have to along the Old Kent Road as well as a new will mean that those paying are the ones get on with it now.” station underground at New Cross Gate, who stand to benefit as the value of their Stokes added: “We don’t want to providing connections to national rail properties go up. leapfrog the western scheme but we services, London Overground and buses. “If land owners aren’t prepared to pay believe they should and could go Work to improve the interchange at Lew- for a project which will further increase through at the same time. isham is also included in the proposal to their property values – then why should “That would allow for synergies create better links with rail services and they expect taxpayers from the rest of the between the two projects in terms of the DLR. country to stump up their cash?” construction; areas of the airport would But with no government cash available If given approval the new Bakerloo line need to be closed off once rather than to fund the project, TfL is exploring extension work could begin in 2023 and twice; perhaps there would be overlap alternative funding options. the line could be operating by 2029. to share tunnel boring machines. These A TfL spokesperson said: “We are work- kinds of synergies could be explored in a ing with the mayor to make the case for more ambitious plan.” steady and sustained investment in vital The CAA has confirmed that it will transport projects in London, such as the detail its “thinking” and rule on outlined Bakerloo Line Extension and Upgrade. expansion costs in April or May. “We are exploring all options in order to fund infrastructure projects to support the growth of London, including capturing a proportion of the land value that those £14bn projects would generate.” Original price tag for Former Greater London Assembly Heathrow expansion set Labour member Murad Qureshi believes in 2014 a levy on local landowners is the only feasible way to fund the project. “I am completely signed up to the Bakerloo line: South London extension plan

FEBRUARY 2020 | NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 13 Inside Track

voltage after the lightning strike but then Electricity network: New began to respond “unexpectedly”. This led measures are being put in to to a depression of the voltage, and prevent sudden power cuts the subsequent activation of protection systems, resulting in Hornsea One’s overall output falling from 799MW to 62MW. A separate Ofgem report concluded that a lack of back-up generators at Hornsea One and Little Barford meant the power system was unable to cope with the lightning strike. Both operators agreed to make voluntary payments of £4.5M each into Ofgem’s redress fund, which is used to fund charity-led energy schemes. A Hornsea One spokesperson said the company had offered to make the voluntary contribution “in recognition of [its] role in the outage”. UK Power Networks agreed to pay £1.5M into the redress fund, after Ofgem found that it began reconnecting customers ENERGY without a formal request from the National Grid ESO as required. The premature Government acts to improve electricity supply action “did not impact the recovery of the system”, according to UK Power resilience in response to 2019 power cuts Networks director of asset management Barry Hatton, however it could have led Utilities and infrastructure operators commit to greater supply security to another power outage. While National Grid ESO escaped blame for the power outage, Ofgem BY CATHERINE KENNEDY executive director Jonathan Brearley said the investigation “raised important ques- ail companies, energy utilities and the Business and energy secretary Andrea tions about National Grid’s ESO” including National Grid have vowed to improve Leadsom described the August disruption its structure. their power resilience following last as “unacceptable” and said the report will However, Energy and Climate Intelligence Rsummer’s blackout. help reduce the risks of a repeat. Unit head of analysis Jonathan Marshall A rogue lightning strike left 1M people August’s strike in Cambridge, on an believes “National Grid did a lot of things without power when it hit an electricity overhead transmission line, was followed wrong, particularly in terms of their position cable in August last year. by at least 2,000MW of power losses. This in the system and communication with A government-backed report affected Little Barford, a gas fired power people involved in the system”, but he published in January has outlined 10 station operated by RWE; Hornsea One, an added that “to point the finger is something recommendations to improve the UK’s offshore windfarm co-owned by Orsted; [the reports have] not done”. power resilience and prevent a similar and several smaller generators connected The Office of Rail and Road also event happening again. to the distribution network. published its findings into rail companies’ Published by the Energy Emergencies Power at Little Barford was lost in roles in the disruption. It said that software Executive Committee (E3C), the report three stages over 90 seconds. The first flaws on some trains caused extended details what happened during the blackout. gas turbine tripped out because of delays for commuters – 29 Class 700 It recommends the development of discrepancies in turbine shaft speed and Class 717 trains, operated by Govia clearer response protocols during power readings; the second was caused by a Thameslink Railway, were shut down by cuts; measures to ensure generators build-up of steam pressure in the pipework; on-board safety systems. Several routes comply with industry standards and a and the third was due to a manual shut were affected, including the Sussex, Kent review of testing procedures for new and down by the plant operator when safety and London North Eastern and East modified electricity generators. valves opened after a continued build-up of Midlands lines. Across all affected routes, The committee comprises officials steam pressure. delays totalled 14,428 minutes. from the Department for Business, Operator RWE has since committed to Engineering and incident response Energy and Industrial Strategy, regulator identifying measurement system tolerances solutions are now being tested, with Ofgem, National Grid and suppliers. and balancing steam flows between the two Siemens due to implement a software patch Along with the National Grid Electricity boilers that feed the steam turbine. to stop all the Class 700 and Class 717 System Operator (ESO), it will implement Meanwhile, the overall voltage control trains going into permanent lock-out in the the recommendations in full. system at Hornsea One corrected the event of a frequency drop.

14 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER | FEBRUARY 2020 President’s View WHY IMPLEMENTING GOVERNANCE REVIEW BRINGS GREAT OPPORTUNITIES

In December last year ICE To implement the past president David Orr present- ed to Council the final report of findings in full we need review into the ICE’s governance, a review to make changes to the commissioned by Council after a Institution’s by-laws, and we can Special General Meeting in 2018, Paul called in the wake of governance only do this if we, the membership, Sheffield changes that led to the creation of a Trustee Board with Council “agree to the changes becoming an advisory body. Council and the Trustee Board have agreed the findings in full and the Trustees have directed that those the Nomination Committee. But to address findings which do not affect the Institution’s concerns raised, the Trustees have asked ICE Audit Com- by-laws should be implemented as fast as possible. mittee chair David Porter, working with past As a consequence, ICE Council has already chair of ICE Scotland Lawrence Shackman and Council reshaped its agenda to be much more outward facing, member Kate Cairns, to oversee the production of looking at how civil engineers can address the issues about new procedures whereby the Trustees, Nomination which society cares passionately. Council has set in train Committee, Council and the membership work together to work around sustainability, the route to net zero, and to select the ICE trustees. investigate what will be needed of the civil engineer of the But to implement the findings in full we need to make future. changes to the Institution’s by-laws, and we can only do this It will discuss all of this in April and will also host a if we, the membership, agree to the changes. series of talks which will be open to the membership and Therefore, we shall hold a ballot in June 2020 to seek interested parties to attend, debate and discuss. I think this agreement to the changes. If the membership agrees, and is a huge and exciting step forward and I strongly commend the way ahead recommended by the I would hope that we can replicate this approach wherever Commission, I shall seek to implement the ICE members meet. changes by November 2020. I, Trustees and Council Similarly, the Trustees are very conscious of the need members shall be meeting many of you over the next few to engage with our membership, wherever they may be, months and we will be happy to explain the and also to ensure that the processes used to run the ICE opportunities we believe these change will bring. in this modern age must be even more transparent and in- The Institution owes David Orr a huge debt of clusive than in the past. We never communicate as well as gratitude for such a detailed, measured and wise report. we think we do and it is really important that we raise our With skill and forbearing, he has set the Institution up game with this across all channels, to suit all members. I perfectly to look now at the real global challenges of have asked Liz Waugh, a trustee and a professional commu- population growth, climate change and delivering the UN nications expert, to lead a new ICE Communications Com- Sustainability Goals. These must be our focus in the future mittee to do just this and her team will start this month. and for that to be the case we must be outward facing and The way in which we select our trustees provoked the unified. most comment during the Commission’s hearings. The Commission was impressed by the evidence of the chair of l Paul Sheffield is President of the ICE

FEBRUARY 2020 | NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 15 Paul McCormick SENIOR EXECUTIVE, TRANSPORT FOR NSW BY EMILY ASHWELL Getting ready to deliver Australia’s infrastructure boom

ustralia is very few people have run billion in the middle of an dollar projects, so it (Australia) is A infrastructure attracting key talent,” he explains. boom, driven by “There are a lot of senior mega-projects worth opportunities, because to get billions of pounds. your head around these projects Alongside private investment, takes a few years of experience the government has plans to spend and bruising.”

The Interview The more than A$100bn (£53bn) over So, what is behind the boom? the next decade alone, with spend McCormick says it is a combination expected to peak between 2022 and of population growth, historic 2025. underspending on infrastructure The planned mega-projects and a minerals export boom which include an 80km, £1bn fast rail line earned the country £95bn in 2017. between Melbourne and Geelong in Australia has an estimated Victoria and 15km extension of the McCormick senior believes resident population of around 25.3M M1 Pacific Motorway in New South Australia has great opportunities for people, but this could reach almost Wales (NSW). The latest plans are both of them. 50M in the next 45 years. Most in addition to huge projects already Although there are many very growth is expected in its major underway or about to start. skilled engineers in Australia, cities, where many infrastructure They include Western Sydney the country needs more with plans are currently focused. International (Nancy-Bird Walton) megaproject experience. Transport for NSW has a range of Airport, the Inland Rail freight “Look at the scale of the projects. big schemes to deliver. They include scheme and the Melbourne Airport These are billion-dollar projects and McCormick’s projects as well as the Rail link. £10.5bn Sydney Metro programme, Paul McCormick, has 30 years’ UK headed by former Transport for transportation experience, latterly Greater Manchester chief executive with Aecom as managing director of There are a Jon Lamonte. highways and bridges. He relocated McCormick is part of the team to Australia a year ago to work as lot of senior delivering the Sydney Gateway, a a senior executive for Transport £1.4bn road project which will for NSW which is responsible for opportunities, because improve journeys to the city’s delivering a significant pipeline of airport and port area. It includes a infrastructure projects. Not only to get your head direct, traffic light free, link from the has McCormick, a senior engineer, motorway network, as well as add- relocated, but so has his son, around these projects ing another lane to a key two-lane Dominik, who recently started a “takes a few years of passenger route into the airport. career in civil engineering as an It is currently involved in an apprentice. experience “interactive tender process’,

16 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER | FEBRUARY 2020 The Sydney Gateway is one of Australia’s many major infrastructure projects working with three bid teams. We are looking technology,” he says. “When I worked in consultancy, “And boosting safety – which, in often a client would issue all the KEY FACTS for people to particular, is a key concern with con- bid documents – sometimes 10,000 struction workers in tunnels. We want documents – into a bid portal and you £1.4bn bring innovation from international contractors to bring had to go through huge data rooms their experience and the best they with all the geotechnical information Value of both wider Australia have seen to Sydney.” and traffic engineering etcetera. From Sydney It is summer in Australia now, and a client perspective we thought ‘how and around the world the authorities are focusing on the can we get our bidders up to speed Gateway road “ devastating bushfire crisis, where with these projects?’” he says. project more than 2,000 people have lost So, the team has been running electrical engineering as the other homes and at least 27 people have workshops with bidders, talking skills required to deliver the projects died. McCormick’s family is thankfully a through the scale of the project. £1.4bn which will leave Sydney with more safely away from the most serious fires. Feedback from bidders says this Value of M6 road tunnels than any other city in He decided to make the move to approach has saved them around the world in 10 years’ time. Australia after taking time with his eight to 10 weeks of bid preparation. motorway The size of the projects also means wife to reflect on his career prospects His other big project is the £1.4bn stage one the door is open to overseas firms and what opportunities there were. first stage of the M6 motorway, usually via joint ventures with local “We woke up in late 2016 and comprising 4km of twin tunnels, businesses. “In the last 12 months I thought ‘how can we de-risk my linking the M5 motorway to a major have had lots of cups of coffee with career for the future?’ And actually, street in the south Sydney suburb new, international entrants, wanting when you looked at the pipeline of of Kogarah. It has just closed its to enter the marketplace here and opportunities, the Middle East was call for expressions of interest, and understand how they can position for really strong, and Australia was really submissions are now being evaluated. bids,” says McCormick. strong. I started connecting with Like the Sydney Gateway project, the So, as a client, what is McCormick recruiters here, building relationships tender process will be interactive and looking for? and talking to them,” he explains. collaborative. “We are looking for people to bring McCormick says he enjoys the Projects like these mean while innovation from both wider Australia family-orientated laid-back Australia’s skilled pool of senior and around the world. It needs to be atmosphere, where there is a good engineers is running low, engineers proven innovation that can reduce work-life balance. Pay for senior with specific skills are needed too. cost, drive programme certainty and executives is comparable for the Engineers are flying in to work on improve safety. UK, and pay for younger engineers specific projects but then leaving “At present, on two of my with around five years’ experience is when they are finished. Some work megaprojects, we are particularly generally higher - although so is the is being outsourced to places such focused on driving new bridge cost of living. as Hong Kong. In particular with innovation, improving management Now he has made the move, tunnelling, there is a need for skills in of contaminated material and McCormick says he has only one regret disciplines such as tunnel ventilation, introducing new tunnelling – that he did not do it years earlier. N

FEBRUARY 2020 | NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 17 Newcastle-Edinburgh-Glasgow? Through trains from Glasgow to Paris might even stymie another independence referendum! Tom Lloyd (M retd), [email protected] Your View WATER LETTERS TO THE EDITOR GRAPPLING WITH WATER AND COMMENTS ONLINE SUPPLY COMPLEXITY Last month David Evans wrote about the arbitrary views expressed by the NET ZERO themselves with practical solutions National Infrastructure Commission to the problem. This demonstrates (NIC) about how we should address PI COSTS HINDER our collective failing as engineers water supply security (Your view LEAN DESIGN @ and why we are so poor at last month). He points out that influencing public life. I suggest the authors of the NIC’s Preparing Reducing the embedded carbon in that there is hardly an engineer for a Drier Future have not taken our projects is crucial to tackling reading this who cannot make some into account that almost all of the climate emergency. This carbon practical suggestion which would domestic water usage and water saving does not just come from improve the situation, but that is not mains leakage is non-consumptive future technologies, new/expensive the point: it is implementation that because most is returned to the materials or future research and is the problem. environment. He goes on to describe development. It is as simple as re- If criticised, the water companies the irrefutable logic of storing use/refurbishment, green material would say that they have no control winter water as the more effective replacements (timber, cement over what housebuilders create. approach to addressing water replacements, recycled steel Similarly the builders would say etcetera) and lean design. that they have complied with the But when design is driven by fear Building Regulations. Presumably of litigation, and fees are limited due Building Regulations writers have to increased overheads associated other priorities to concern them with professional indemnity (PI) than this minor detail. Ofwat might insurance hikes we lose this absolve itself by pointing out that ability. We cannot take the time the Building Regulations are not its to interrogate the client’s brief, responsibility. They would be wrong. nor challenge the efficiency of our Ofwat should investigate the best designs – and so we risk adding solution to this and other similar our own factors to cover ourselves problems and pressure the minister and cut down our project time to for change to the regulations. Water: New priorities needed preserve fee. Ken Bowman, I am not suggesting we cut [email protected] security, versus the illusory benefits corners and take risks. All I am of demand and leakage reduction,

suggesting is that if we regulate not least because of the additional the cost of PI and recognise that TRANSPORT benefits to agriculture and the by allowing us the fees to refine TIME TO GET RID OF environment from using stored our designs and properly resource winter water. additional checking we can deliver RAILWAY TERMINUSES Meanwhile we have water huge carbon reductions. regulator Ofwat announcing that Stephen Smalley (M), ’s plan to tunnel High it is forcing water companies to [email protected] Speed 2 through Waterloo to link reduce annual water charges by an with HS1 is exactly what our new average of £50 per household. This government should be championing. in the face of recognition by NIC and WATER The North needs links to Europe the Environment Agency that we ENGINEERS’ GOOD IDEAS as much as London, and we should will struggle to endure the next and FAIL TO REACH DECISION The Editor, have learned the dead-end nature inevitable severe drought without New Civil of railway termini by now. Ask the imposing restrictions on water use. MAKERS citizens of Florence if you don’t It is regrettable that those who Engineer, believe me. are in senior positions in these and Telephone In a recent letter to New Civil I suspect it is too late to stop the other institutions, who can and do Engineer I wrote that I run to waste House, Birmingham dead-end, but could influence national strategies, lack 2.5 litres of previously heated 69-77 Paul we scrap the Manchester and knowledge of the complexity of (now cold) water before receiving Street, London, Leeds ones with a single “Northern water resources management. hot water at the kitchen sink. The EC2A 4NQ Powerhouse- friendly” line running Michael Norton (F), former response in the magazine and Email: nceedit@ through Crewe-Manchester Airport- chair ICE water expert panel, those I received directly, concerned emap.com Manchester- Leeds-Teesside- [email protected]

18 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER | FEBRUARY 2020 MAIN POINT STILL LEARNINGYOUR VIEWS AND FROM OPINIONS DISASTER

Mark Hansford’s editorial last month raised issues which (New Civil Engineer last month) the lessons, which Mark unfortunately will be very difficult to deal with as they are so Hansford discusses, were learned almost 50 years ago after deeply rooted in our education system and modern lifestyle. various failures. Retiring now after 45 years of a thoroughly enjoyable career The Merrison Report, the Royal Commission into the I look back at the way I was taught in school, at university and West Gate Bridge (Yarra) collapse and the Bragg Report at work and know that learning the fundamentals has been an identified similar failings. Similar lessons were learnt more essential process in decision-making throughout my life. recently in projects like the Nicoll Highway collapse Modern education has left many people without in 2004. In 2007 Ian Firth, of Flint & Neil, in his the concept of either learning understanding or paper to the International Association for questioning and their reliance on information Bridge and Structural Engineering symposium placed in front of them by the computer is was prophetic in stating “some of these frightening. lessons (from Milford Haven and West Gate, I recently read that 20% of teenagers Melbourne) are in danger of being forgotten cannot read an analogue clock, a process by a new generation of engineers”. that demands basic observation, visual It is not sufficient to provide these apportioning and mental calculation. They lessons in a library, on the Internet or other live in a personal world of thinking in precise, knowledge bank. digitised, given, steps without having to make To quote Donald Rumsfeld: “those who don’t any simple value judgements. know, don’t know they don’t know”, so will not Some time ago I questioned a senior design search out these lessons. We, who learned these engineer’s view that a stanchion baseplate he had lessons first time around, should be teaching those designed required an epoxy bedding. The stress was a mere coming into the profession so that in another 50 years we do not 5N/mm2 but he refused to accept that his design was wrong have another headline saying these lessons apply to us all. because a well-known anchor manufacturer’s free software It is time to include, in the final year of MEng degrees, had apparently specified it. It transpired that because the compulsory modules covering failures. These modules should manufacturer did not sell cement-based grouts in the UK, the include discussion of the procedures in BS5975:2019, which programme defaulted to their epoxy. now includes a definition that temporary works include Equally worryingly I had painful arguments with designers temporary states of the permanent works and procedures from our nuclear industry who were unable to appreciate that for clients and designers (despite objections from some) in individual pull-out tests for structure baseplate bolts were addition to those for construction organisations. academic when their design uplift forces could not be resisted by In addition the ICE review for CEng should ensure the unreinforced 150mm base slab the bolts were attached to. candidates are aware of the reasons behind historical failures Today we will still receive designs that look great on and potential failure modes during construction and use. building information modelling or CAD but can’t be Frank Marples, [email protected] constructed in a sensible way. A lack of understanding by designers on how their output will be built still exists, and I Since the failure of the Florida International University bridge quite recently heard the statement “the contractor will sort I have been following how the tragedy unfolded and read that out”. We can waste huge amounts of money collating “big with interest Mark Hansford’s editorial and the article in last data” when the solution is blatantly obvious to an experienced month’s issue. engineer. In many respects the root is the behaviour of the people We also now lack intelligent clients and are being given a involved against the backdrop of the commercial landscape new strain of project managers who have no idea of how to in which their respective companies and organisations operate. build anything except a mountain of paperwork. The silo mindset encouraged by the way many projects I imagine all the management paperwork on the Florida are set up and managed, with so many parties each with International University bridge was in place, but no single specific tasks does not in itself promote intelligent debate and person appears to have been following and managing the discussion across a project team. It is all too easy for discussion actual project processes and interfaces. We have, as you say in to be dominated by the loudest voices and often the quietest the Editorial, moved too far away from the basics. voice can be that of engineering. I regret that I and many of my age can see that it is not a We need to break the silo effect and perhaps this is as question of “if’” we have another major failure but “when”. much about educating clients, project, legal and commercial Mike Vitkovitch, [email protected] managers about the relevance of the engineering aspects of the project and for engineers to become better at communicating In relation both to Mark Hansford’s editorial and the crux of their subject. article on the Florida International University bridge collapse Richard Henley (M), [email protected]

FEBRUARY 2020 | NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 19 INNOVATING THE FUTURE OF HIGHWAYS

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Find out more at colas.co.uk/innovation Towards Net Zero

Managing carbon in infrastructure is essential to help mitigate climate change. In this issue we look at the big picture for the profession and fi nd out how one project has taken constructive steps towards net zero.

CUTTING CARBON: LESS TALK, MORE ACTION / PAGE 22 CARBON MANAGEMENT ON RIVER HUMBER GAS TUNNEL/ PAGE 26

FEBRUARY 2020 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 21 REACHING NET ZERO THE IMPACT OF PLANET WARMING

The world has Keeping below committed to Unchecked, 1.5˚C would reduce We are emissions growth Damaging limit further emissions currently on would lead to CARBON climate damage, severe and faster to keep track for impacts helping to warming around 3˚C of widespread climate already protect key ‘well-below’ warming by change at 4˚C or being felt ecosytem 2˚C 2100 more by 2100

1˚C 1.5˚C 2˚C 3˚C 4˚C

CHALLENGE ROLE OF INFRASTRUCTURE With governments around the world declaring a climate emergency, it’s time for a little less conversation and a The National Infrastructure Commission’s National CORE PROPOSALS Infrastructure Assessment makes several proposals which little more action. Margo Cole reports. support infrastructure’s move 50% of the UK’s power provided by towards net zero renewables by 2030 Towards At the moment, the planet is heading for 3° to 4°C warming, so Net Zero KEY FACTS getting the increase to below 1.5°C will take a radical shift in all aspects of life, including water and energy Preparing for 75% very December since 30 to 40C use, transport, industry and building. of plastic 1927, American current In a speech last June, Environment Current packaging affairs magazine Time has Agency chief executive Sir James 100% announced its “person projected Bevan quoted a Harvard Business electric vehicle sales recycled by of the year” – someone global School mantra that says, “success by who has done the most in any organisation comes down to 2030 2030 to influence the events of the year. In temperature following a simple principle: ‘The E2019 that person was (then) 16-year- rise main thing is to make sure that the SECTORS CREATING old Swedish environmental activist Main Thing really is the main thing’. EMISSIONS Greta Thunberg, the youngest person “I’ll be honest,” Bevan said, ever to be chosen. “I’ve been chief executive of the During an impassioned speech Environment Agency for over three at the United Nations Climate and a half years, and it’s taken me a Conference in New York in September while to realise what the Main Thing – to which she travelled by sailing is. And the answer, which I now say boat to avoid the environmental cost to myself every day, is this: it’s the of flying – Thunberg threw down climate emergency, stupid.” Power Transport Land use Industry the gauntlet to politicians with this The UK was the first major warning: “You have stolen my dreams and shipping & agriculture F-gases and waste and my childhood with your empty International aviation Residential and non- words. We’ll be watching you.” residential buildings It was a stark reminder to current There is a huge IT ALSO HIGHLIGHTS THE MOST policy makers that now it is time for IMPORTANT FUTURE CHALLENGES action. responsibility The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has said on us as an industry, that if the planet warms by 1.5°C, Heating must no longer consequences will include the loss of but if we come be provided by: most coral reefs and extreme weather together, we might Natural gas, The UK must prepare for: such as heatwaves and floods. If Connected and the planet warms by 2°C, the effects “ a fossil fuel make climate change would be truly catastrophic. autonomous vehicles easier to mitigate

22 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER | FEBRUARY 2020 economy to take on legally binding Sometimes we commitments to reduce greenhouse REACHING NET ZERO gas output. The UK government will be doing THE IMPACT OF is committed by law to reducing PLANET WARMING greenhouse gas emissions by at ourselves out of a least 100% of 1990 levels (net zero) by 2050. This includes reducing design project if the emissions from the devolved The world has administrations of Scotland, Wales best solution is to Keeping below committed to Unchecked, 1.5˚C would reduce We are emissions growth and Northern Ireland, which “ Damaging limit further emissions currently on would lead to currently account for about 20% of redevelop an existing climate damage, faster to keep track for severe and total UK emissions. impacts helping to around 3˚C of widespread climate warming But what is the role of individual building or use it more already protect key ‘well-below’ warming by change at 4˚C or being felt ecosytem 2˚C 2100 more by 2100 organisations and businesses – and effectively particularly engineers? As WSP executive director and UK head of 1˚C 1.5˚C 2˚C 3˚C 4˚C transport (planning & advisory) Rachel Skinner says: “The nature of change the way they do business. what we do has the potential to be “There’s a lot of need and value part of the problem; now we have to in giving firms the opportunity to demonstrate we can be part of the declare. I find it very focusing to go ROLE OF INFRASTRUCTURE solution.” public and say you’re declaring a “I think we have a huge role to climate emergency and making 13 The National Infrastructure Commission’s National play, both as fixers to help us reach commitments for changing what you CORE PROPOSALS Infrastructure Assessment makes several proposals which net zero and also in terms of how we do,” he says. support infrastructure’s move go forward and design and build to It really does force you to think,” make sure we are not creating more he adds. “By signing the declaration, 50% of the UK’s power provided by towards net zero problems in the future.” I’ve told my competitors and my staff renewables by 2030 Arup infrastructure design director that this is what we’re going to do. Tim Chapman agrees. “There is Now we have to look seriously at how a huge responsibility on us as an we’re going to achieve it.” industry,” he says. “But if we come Cook believes we are at a tipping together, we might make climate point in our awareness that things change easier to mitigate.” must change. In July 2019, a “Civil Engineers “In 10 or 15 years’ time, if our Preparing for 75% of plastic Declare” initiative was launched to acceleration towards uncontrolled highlight the need for change and climate change hasn’t slowed down, packaging 100% the responsibilities civil engineers some quite serious questions are electric vehicle sales recycled by have in responding to the climate and going to be asked of engineers if by biodiversity emergency. It follows we had all this evidence and didn’t 2030 2030 similar initiatives for structural shout loud enough; and if we didn’t engineers, architects and the building convince our clients of the dangers of SECTORS CREATING services sector. following this course of action,” The initiative acknowledges that he says. EMISSIONS engineers are – as Skinner says – He says this knowledge makes part of the problem as well as the it more possible for engineers to solution, with transport, energy, tell clients that a development water, waste, telecommunications they are proposing may be socially and flood defences accounting for unacceptable in 10 or 15 years. approximately half of energy-related Cook also believes every meeting

carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. with a client should include Power “Together with our clients, we will discussing the option of not building. Transport Land use Industry all need to commission and design He knows this creates an and shipping & agriculture buildings, cities and infrastructure interesting dilemma for consultants. F-gases and waste International aviation Residential and non- systems as indivisible components of “Sometimes we will be doing residential buildings a larger, constantly regenerating and ourselves out of a design project IT ALSO HIGHLIGHTS THE MOST self-sustaining system in balance with if the best solution is to redevelop IMPORTANT FUTURE CHALLENGES wider society and the natural world,” an existing building or use it says the declaration, which includes more effectively to avoid a new 13 specific commitments, such as development,” he says. “But they’re adopting more regenerative design going to thank you, and you will Heating must no longer principles and measuring whole-life become their sage advisor – the be provided by: carbon. people to go to who can help them Natural gas, The UK must prepare for: BuroHappold partner Mike Cook, work out [a solution] if they do need Connected and a driving force behind the Civil to do something.” a fossil fuel Engineers Declare movement, says Skinner agrees: “We have got autonomous vehicles organisations signing the declaration all sorts of work kicking off with are making a serious commitment to clients who are genuinely interested

FEBRUARY 2020 | NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 23 Towards Net Zero

Reduction in Arup’s Charlotte Street office in London will have carbon has to a carbon footprint which is 90% smaller than that of a make business sense, comparable building and it has to make “sense to society. Is this diffi cult? Yes ends in understanding the long range issues that are going to affect their portfolios. “There is huge potential to have that infl uence if we want it. Consultancy is about offering the right sorts of solutions at the right time. And from the construction and operational point of view, there is going to be lots of work to retrofi t existing assets.” Skinner takes over as ICE President later this year and will use her presidential year to focus on net zero carbon, something an increasing number of industries are also committing to. Last year the water industry became the fi rst industrial sector in the UK to commit to being net zero CASE STUDY: 80 CHARLOTTE STREET by 2030. “To have that common goal sends a really strong message to the market and to our supply chain,” Next year, 1,300 of and one important way to fall well below 100g UK electricity grid by says Anglian Water head of carbon consultant Arup’s was to stop on site over the next 20 years. well over a decade, reduction David Riley. designers will move combustion of fossil Arup director Tim and could get to an “It says that we’re open for into an offi ce with fuel (usually gas) and Chapman says any embodied carbon for business for suppliers who can help an energy carbon instead rely solely on building that relies on baseload power as low as us achieve that goal.” footprint 90% lower electricity. on-site gas combustion 20g of CO2 per kWh. Construction giant Multiplex has than most comparable The UK has a will have a carbon The development, also committed to a net zero carbon offi ce buildings. progressive footprint based on about known as 80 Charlotte target for its own buildings worldwide decarbonisation plan for 300g of CO2 per kWh. Street, is currently by 2030, and it is currently building The consultant will electricity generation, So by swapping gas under construction an offi ce block that will be powered move part of its London resulting from the for electricity, Arup’s by Multiplex. entirely by electricity from the headquarters into the increased use of new London office will The nine storey UK’s fi rst geothermal power station new building next door renewable energy and become progressively mixed-use scheme (see box). “I really think we’re at a to its existing Fitzrovia nuclear power. In 2014, less carbon intensive includes 30,000m2 of tipping point, because we now have estate in early 2021. UK electricity had as UK energy becomes offices, 4,000m2 of the solutions that are cost effective Arup was the an embodied carbon greener. apartments, 1,300m2 enough to make a difference,” says engineering designer content of about 500g Arup plans to go of retail and a new the fi rm’s sustainability director Eva for the building’s of CO2 per kWh, but further by buying public park. Gkenakou. developer Derwent with the switching off Renewable Energy It is partly a Skinner describes talking to young before deciding to rent of the UK’s fleet of Guarantees of Origin refurbishment and engineers at last year’s WSP graduate a portion of it. The two coal power stations from the UK’s first partly new build, induction event, and their views very companies had been and the introduction geothermal power with 30% of the much echo those of Greta Thunberg. looking at ways to make of renewables, that has station. This will original structures “This is top of their list of what it more sustainable than fallen to around 300g. leapfrog the increasing retained to further they care about and what they’re other London offices, The ambition is for it decarbonisation of the reduce emissions. interested in; that’s a massive shift.” N

24 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER | FEBRUARY 2020 COMPANIES OF THE YEAR 2020 18 JUNE 2020 | The Brewery, London WHO IS THE MOST OUTSTANDING OF THEM ALL? BOOK YOUR PLACE TO FIND OUT

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NCE100 Awards Tables Advert - 265mmh x 210mmw.indd 1 13/01/2020 14:32 Towards Net Zero Making Savings

CUTTING Sheet piles Secant piles, 1.2m diameter THE CUTTING OUT CARBON 5km Long tunnel £100M Cost of project 70-100M.m THE CARBON Natural gas transported/day A gas pipeline under the River Humber has become N Kingston R i v e r H upon Hull u a model for carbon-saving methods in the construction m Paull b e industry. Catherine Kennedy reports. r

New Holland

LOCATION OF PIPELINE Goxhill 1km

etween Goxhill and Paull Major carbon saving steps have As such, the company has set a on the River Humber, KEY FACTS been taken, with Skanska UK using target of being net zero across its a slurry tunnel boring the project as a carbon reduction whole business by 2045, with an machine (TBM) known as case study so that it can gain PAS2080 interim target of a 50% reduction by Mary has dug a 5km-long 50% certification. This shows clients 2030. In a departure from the usual tunnel. that a company follows best carbon principle of reporting only direct This spring, the tunnel will be Skanska UK’s reduction practice. Skanska UK is the emissions, the target also includes all Bflooded with water and two hydraulic 2030 carbon first UK contractor to have secured supply chain emissions, as these make thrust machines will push in the reduction this British Standards Institution (BSI) the carbon impact of a construction first of eight sections of gas pipeline. accreditation. project an estimated 10 times greater. Each section is around 610m long and target But gaining this type of accreditation “If we were to report exactly weighs 850t. is only part of the story. what we’re responsible for, we’re The pipeline will be able to transport “Reduction targets aren’t enough,” not reporting very much carbon,” between 70M.m3 and 100M.m3 of says Skanska UK environment technical says Mason. natural gas per day, and is poised to director David Mason. “You’ve got to “So, it doesn’t matter what supply 20% of the UK’s peak winter be looking at net zero, you’ve got to be subcontractor is working – if we’re demand. It will replace an existing gas looking at the step beyond.” putting them to work, we’re reporting main which has become exposed due to the carbon. We’re trying to show now the changing Humber riverbed profile. what it takes to do construction. We When the £100M project is completed want to push the message across later this year, the tunnel will house You’ve got to that it takes a more sophisticated the longest hydraulically inserted pipe approach to reporting.” in the world. be looking at Applying the carbon reduction Skanska UK in joint venture with agenda to the Humber tunnel project Porr and A Hak, is constructing the net zero, you’ve got to requires an understanding of the pipeline on behalf of client National surrounding environment. The site Grid and is pushing boundaries in be looking at the step is remote and includes a highly- other ways too. beyond protected aquifer. 26 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER | FEBRUARY 2020 “ Going on to CUTTING Sheet piles Secant piles, 1.2m diameter THE future projects CARBON we’ll have the baseline from this project “of how the digital 5km integration of carbon Long tunnel works £100M Cost of project importance of “getting carbon 70-100M.m into the narrative” across different Natural gas transported/day teams. Workshops have provided opportunities to generate discussions, while carbon hot spotting has N pinpointed materials with high Kingston emissions. R i v e r H upon Hull u m Paull “Inevitably around construction b e r you’ll get steel, you’ll get concrete, you’ll get aggregates,” says Finlayson. “I can tell you that right here, right New Holland now, but if I can show you a picture LOCATION OF that backs that up then you know PIPELINE where to focus your conversations.” Goxhill 1km She adds: “The more you get it in as a regular part of the conversation, the more it becomes business as usual. Going on to future projects we’ll have “We’re not building in a vacuum,” visible on the model. the baseline from this project of how explains Skanska UK environment “We were looking at different the digital integration of carbon works.” and carbon manager Ruth Finlayson. solutions of interchanging materials “We’re building in the real world. and you could see a live update LAUNCH PITS So, we are making sure that we’re on how it would impact cost and The BIM model was used to assess protecting carbon, the carbon carbon,” explains Skanska UK senior materials for the construction of the emissions, but also the environment BIM manager Scott Milner. “It gave you 150m long launch pit for the TBM. that we’re working in.” the overall total at the bottom so you The model helped identify carbon could see clearly if we switch this out hotspots, allowing designers to reduce 5D+ BIM MODEL for this, then that’s the impact.” the amount of concrete used. The drive to reduce carbon has been “This carbon/cost link is a very “I was able to see first-hand exactly facilitated by 5D+ building information strong message,” Mason adds. “If you’re what we’re going to save. It backed modelling (BIM). The model operates managing with carbon as a lens, then up from a carbon perspective and like the traditional 3D model, but also you will unlock cost savings.” a commercial perspective that it’s includes time (4D) – animations of the saving money and it’s saving carbon,” construction programme can be created; SHARING KNOWLEDGE says Milner. cost (5D); and carbon data (5D+). The model has been used across Several changes were made to The carbon data indicates the the project, and its ability to create reduce the use of concrete and emissions associated with an activity visualisations showing where carbon therefore carbon. or material, which allows the team is being saved has proved particularly The original launch pit retaining to choose a design that maximises effective. wall design included 40m long, 1.2m carbon reductions. “It’s easy to see – the data is right diameter secant piles. The revised The BIM model contains a master there in front of people. As soon as you design reduced the number of secant database which details the various make it clear and more interesting to piles and replaced most of them with material quantities and the cost and analyse, it becomes easier to not only sheet piles as well as reducing the carbon associated with each – and develop it further but to get interaction depth of piles drilled into the aquifer. the impact on emissions of changes from the team,” says Milner. The revised secant piles were 20m in design or construction is instantly Finlayson emphasises the in depth and 1.2m in diameter and

FEBRUARY 2020 | NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 27 Towards Net Zero Making Savings

Treating on site meant that we had useful material come out

“were placed along a 20m section of the pit wall around the TBM launch area. At the same time the length of the pit increased to 210m to accommodate a change in the pipe design. When the TBM was in position, it pushed through the secant piles at the end of the trench as it began its journey. Carbon savings resulting from the launch pit redesign were 11%, even though it had increased in size. The saving includes embodied carbon and carbon produced from the construction process. Work on the Humber tunnel has shown that early engagement with the supply chain is key to cutting emissions. “If you’ve got that setup right at the beginning, and everybody’s switched on to it, then that whole process becomes even more streamlined, even more accurate,” Milner explains. Mason agrees. “What’s been striking is that before people were on the by just over 152,000km. The TBM at the expense of life cycle. We don’t ground here, what’s going to happen A slurry treatment plant was completed the drive want to build something very light to the material at the end was part of installed on site and excavated to Paull last year that needs replacing in five years.” the consideration.” material could be reused in Working with clients from the landscaping, so that it does not have early stages of projects will allow MANAGING CONSTRUCTION WASTE to go into landfill. the company to push the whole life There have also been increased “This maximised programme and carbon agenda, ensuring clients efficiencies in dealing with waste. reduced the amount of movements on consider a carbon baseline from Skanska UK has cut carbon these roads, which is a big input as the outset.

emissions on the project by 142t CO2e, well to the human disturbance factor,” This has never been more using a geographical information Finlayson says. important. “A lot of people coming system (GIS) to assess how and where Of the 160,000t of construction into the business – particularly construction waste is removed from waste produced, just over 147,000t the younger generations – are site. Lorry movements are tracked was recycled. really engaged with this message,” using a GPS, linked into the GIS, which says Mason. “So there is a good provides a live feed, allowing multiple WHOLE LIFE CARBON VERSUS employment angle – attracting the loads to be managed more efficiently. CONSTRUCTION CARBON right staff who are inquisitive and “Some of the landfill sites and some But how do projects balance whole keen to make a difference.” of the quarries are further away than life carbon savings with construction With carbon emissions playing others,” Milner explains. “So it gives carbon savings? a key role in climate change – and us a much more accurate track of “There’s a long way still to go for the construction industry being where the lorries are going to be, what the whole industry to be truly making responsible for a large proportion of the turnaround is.” the right whole life decisions, so we’re UK emissions – the pressure is on to This enables the contractor to focusing specifically on the capital transform ways of working. manage its fleet more efficiently and as carbon – the embodied carbon – of The climate crisis will not just a result, it estimates that it has reduced the construction activities,” says disappear but, it seems, Skanska UK’s journeys made by construction traffic Mason. “That said, we’re not doing it efforts will only increase. N

28 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER | FEBRUARY 2020 Innovative Thinking NEW DESIGN CONCEPTS, INVENTIVE CONSTRUCTION METHODS AND FRESH IDEAS

The engineering and construction sector is continually devising ways to deliver projects more e ciently. In this issue we explore how a project to expand London City Airport is using intelligent concrete and how Mace is moving its jumping factory concept forward.

JUMPING AHEAD IN HIGH RISE CONSTRUCTION / PAGE 30 SMART SOLUTION FOR AIRPORT EXPANSION / PAGE 32 INNOVATIVE THINKER: GILES PERKINS OF WSP / PAGE 35

FEBRUARY 2020 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 29 Innovative Thinking High Rise Solutions PROCESS PROGRESS Mace has developed its jumping factory into High Rise Solutions, an off-site based approach that turns construction into production. Ty Byrd reports.

o constantly pursue a jumping factory experience and better way – seemingly the gained valuable knowledge and data,” mantra of construction KEY FACTS says Mace technical director Peter specialist Mace – can Goring. “This, plus our partnership result in good things 25% with prefabricated high rise pioneer being left behind. Take the Hickory Group has meant we could company’s new High Rise Solutions Potential develop HRS to achieve outstanding T(HRS) method for example. This reduction in production line quality delivery of off-site manufacturing solution for site operatives projects.” tall buildings offers substantial One crucial advantage of HRS advantages over traditional means of when High is that the method can be applied construction. Rise Solutions without the need for clients or Greater speed, safety, quality and architects to make any changes to optimal value are the claims made is used their project designs. “It is virtually for HRS. The downside is that the applicable to all high rise buildings,” method effectively replaces Mace’s 25% Goring adds. jumping factory technique, much The HRS form of construction is lauded at its launch two years ago Increase in surprisingly simple, based on the precision placing of precast concrete (New Civil Engineer, June 2017), not construction floor slabs. Those slabs – or modules least for the weather protection it – that form the perimeter of a gave operatives. speed building’s floor are lifted in complete, The new HRS method of resulting from with that storey’s façades in place. construction was unveiled in High Rise We’ve gained Then come the internal slab modules December by Mace Tech, Mace’s equipped with permanent columns incubator business unit recently Solutions use much from and temporary struts to support the created to progress innovation. next floor. There was a sense that the cost of our jumping factory The internal modules also include the first jumping factories was, in provision for the building’s access part, an investment. No disquiet was experience and gained and services core, for domestic utility expressed at the money put into the valuable knowledge pods such as bathrooms and also concept. lift shafts. Each floor module weighs “We’ve gained much from our “ between 18t and 24t, and is brought and data

30 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER | FEBRUARY 2020 READ MORE INNOVATIVE THINKING ARTICLES AT NEWCIVILENGINEER.COM/INNOVATIVE-THINKING

the need for something like 12 trades Quality control during building work, “improving efficiency and reducing on-site is excellent, movement”, according to Goring. That said, the PPE of people aided of course by the working on an HRS tall building gets wet when it rains, unlike that of those fact that inspection who worked on jumping factory structures, where vast tents kept of each module takes things dry. So why were these covers “ abandoned? place at ground level “The tents were cumbersome, not easy to put up plus expensive to take down,” says Mace project director to bring costs down in future as we Tony Blackledge. “The jumping and our supply chain become more factory concept was innovative practiced with the method.” overall but HRS is more efficient, Mace Tech’s technical literature more sophisticated and at least as on HRS states there are 11 “steps” safe for operatives.” to the process, including tender, Which makes a good point. HRS concept design, modelling According to Mace Tech, the jumping for manufacture, construction factory tents were as much and documentation and the more about preventing people and manufacturing of elements. The list is things dropping from height as they heavily weighted to pre-site activity. were about weather proofing. With Site installation comes in at step 10. HRS, the perimeter floor and facade Mace Tech claims that with HRS, modules go up first to provide the construction is 25% faster, waste is same level of security. They also give 75% less and deliveries to site cut by shelter from the wind. 40% – significantly reducing carbon The launch of HRS took place in emissions from heavy goods vehicles. front of existing and possible future The company claims that clients of Mace Tech. Considerable independent research confirms interest was expressed in the its method presents a sustainable presentation, credibility being given construction solution in comparison to the company’s words by the event with others. taking place on a site, next to two Using fewer carbon intensive tower blocks under construction materials, less energy and less water using HRS. are cited as benefits. Environmental NO6 East Village alongside in impact and noise pollution are kept to Stratford, London, will provide a minimum. 524 apartments in all, the site’s Optimising structure and facade towers being of 25 and 30 stories elements is fundamental to HRS, Mace respectively. Completion of the Tech says, but development is not project is due by June 2021. Viewed stopping there. It wants to maximise from the ground, the quality of the bespoke offsite pre-manufacture and structures seems exceptional. assembly of other building types and to site by lorry, offloaded and craned Prefabricated floor “All our modules are cast off-site at components – these last to include into position. Turnaround is about slabs and internal Oranmore Precast’s manufacturing pre-serviced partition walls, kitchens 30 minutes. floor modules are facility at Brandon,” says Goring. and wardrobes plus fully fitted plant “The methodology is similar to craned into position “Quality control is excellent, aided of rooms. that employed in other industrial on site course by the fact that inspection of Mace Tech’s ambition is to pre- sectors,” Goring says. “The each module takes place at ground manufacture and assemble 75% to components are of consistently high level, not high in the air as with 80% of all project components. quality, having been created along an traditional forms of building.” Goring states that the heavy assembly line in an off-site production Client for NO6 East Village is Qatari emphasis on planning plus achieving facility and then delivered to site to Diar Delancey. Was reduced cost a the high quality and tight tolerances meet a just-in-time schedule.” factor in its decision to opt for HRS? inherent to the HRS method pays Operatives on site are kept to “No,” says Goring. “The towers are dividends. “It enables us to guarantee a minimum, perhaps 25% less in virtually cost neutral, but we are able the outcomes of programme, cost, number than required by traditional to deliver them more quickly which quality and overall value. There is construction. Prefabrication removes has its obvious attractions. We expect little for clients not to like.” N

FEBRUARY 2020 | NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 31 Innovative Thinking Intelligent Concrete STRONG PREDICTIONS Contractors working on a huge new concrete Sensors are fixed deck at London City Airport have used innovative to the rebar concrete strength prediction technology to help them streamline workflows. Emily Ashwell reports.

ompared to the west Sensors developed with Converge London mammoth at give accurate predictions of when Heathrow, London City KEY FACTS concrete will reach its required Airport is small and strength, meaning Bam Nuttall can nimble, with the fastest £480M plan when it can place plant on a passengers able to get newly concreted area and get on with from desks at the capital’s financial Value of the next part of the job. Chub to runway in under an hour. London Converge develops sensors which Its popularity has triggered plans City Airport digitise construction sites. It has to increase the number of passengers worked on hundreds of projects, it can accommodate by 2M per expansion using its standard sensor. Here the year. And to do that, it needs more programme sensors are placed between the infrastructure. reinforcement before concrete is concrete temperature readings after Bam Nuttall is delivering an £85M, poured. a pour. 75,000m2 concrete deck extension 75,000m2 Each sensor has a QR code, The sensor’s cable sticks out of over the King George V Dock in Area of deck which is scanned in to the Converge the newly poured concrete – and east London as part of the airport’s software system. The tip of the transmits its temperature to the £480M development programme. The extension sensor is a thermometer, which takes Cloud where it is processed. An extension will house aircraft stands, a engineer on the ground eventually taxiway and a terminal extension. gets a ping on their tablet or device, To do this the contractor is telling them which sensor (identified building sections of deck extension via the QR code) is indicating that the incrementally. Once a new section is Predictions concrete has reached strength. ready, it forms the base from which to The scale of the use of these build the next one. are 95% sensors has now enabled the To undertake this work, contractor Converge to develop algorithms Bam Nuttall has to plan a complex accurate. We have had which can predict when the concrete sequence of logistics so that the will reach its desired strength. project does not drag on too long. It instances where we are “By gathering information from has established a partnership with predicting it down to a 10,000 sensors out in the field, across sensor equipment start-up Converge, close to 200 projects, we were then funded by a grant from Innovate UK. “ able to start predicting how that 10 minute window

32 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER | FEBRUARY 2020 READ MORE INNOVATIVE THINKING ARTICLES AT NEWCIVILENGINEER.COM/INNOVATIVE-THINKING

Speed and efficiency gains like this have a significant cumulative effect The new taxiway “ will run parallel is approximately 70,000m2 with a to the existing minimum depth of 150mm. runway The volume of concrete between the precast elements is negligible, but in total Bam Nuttall is estimating insitu concrete volume in excess of 16,000m3 will be required. The design strength of the concrete is C40/50, which equates to a compressive cube strength of 50MPa. “The method we’re using for this crane is a ‘hand over hand’ so it places all of the precast on top of the piles. The crane has a limited reach due to the weight of the precast. It can only go so far until it is waiting for the [next section of] deck to be ready,” explains Bam Nuttall project manager Dan Russell. The crane has a combined weight Precast planks and lifting capacity of up to 500t, and form the base of being able to predict when it can the deck move on to the next part of the job is vital. The team says it is already bringing about useful time efficiencies on the programme. “The predictive nature is particularly useful as it is a very restricted site. If we can predict when we’re going to move cranes, we can material will behave. The new taxiway be placed on the new concrete and gear suppliers up so we can have just- “This was only possible because of is part of London gear up deliveries and supplies in-time deliveries,” adds Bam Nuttall’s the large amount of data and projects City Airport’s accordingly. section engineer for the insitu to date,” says Converge co-founder £480M expansion The deck structure is made up concrete works Dominic Morgan. Raphael Scheps. programme of precast planks, beams and insitu The team undertakes multiple “Predictions are 95% accurate. sitting on piles. The piles are typically concrete pours per day, which We have had instances where 30m long – 10m down through the typically range from about 120m3. we are predicting it down to a 10 dock’s water and 20m into the ground Pours started in August and will minute window, which is incredibly – on a roughly 10m by 10m grid. continue into the spring. accurate.” The beams are generally 9.8m long The team is now so confident in the London City Airport is the first and 900mm by 930mm wide. They strength predictions that it does not commercial application of the span across the piles and can weigh carry out cube testing, which would algorithm which combines data up to 43t each. On top of those, acting entail off-site crushing. This saves including temperature readings from as secondary beams, are the precast time because concrete samples must the concrete with local weather planks which are 300mm deep by be allowed to cure for six to seven forecasts, to give a prediction of when 1.5m wide and 9.5m long. days before laboratory tests can take then concrete will reach strength. The insitu concrete covers the place. For a project working in a confined whole deck and fills the gaps, tying This saves time and the team has space, this is crucial as it enables the precast elements together. also found that the strength results the team to know when plant can The insitu concrete deck surface from the sensor are more reflective of

FEBRUARY 2020 | NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 33 Innovative Thinking Intelligent Concrete

We can deliver Canning London City Airport DLR Becton LONDON Town N key stages of CITY AIRPORT Gallions Point Marina DLR the wider programme • Sensors tied to rebar Royal Docks

• Poured concrete ties the pre-cast elements R iv more quickly and • Around 60m is poured at a time, two e r CONSTRUCTION SITE sensors embedded in each pour Th am efficiently, with an • On the ground data, fed into algorithms, es King George V Dock predicts when concrete will reach strength, “ 1km increased level of enabling better planning of the next Woolwich predictably element of construction Beams Pre-cast planks (900mm x 930mm, 9.8m long) (300mm x 1.5m, 9.5m long) conditions on site. “Cubes would give you lab condition results, but they’re not Poured concrete real life results and because we’re Rebar building a deck out over water, its relatively thin and you’ve got air circulating underneath and when the air temperature drops, you would get a higher strength from a lab test Piles Node transmits data to enable than you would in real life, so actually a prediction of when concrete we’re delaying our programme, but for will reach strength good reasons because we’re putting a 250t [maximum lift capacity] crane out on a concrete deck over water,” says Russell. Node Rebar The concrete itself is a Cem 1 air Cable tie entrained mix, which has thousands of tiny micro-air pockets, just visible to the naked eye, into which water can expand when it freezes, reducing Sensor pressure on the concrete. It was specifically chosen for its resilience to the weather and the water. To keep the air in the concrete, it has to be pumped around 300m across the dock, as transporting it in skips would flatten the mix, in the same way that air would fall out of a soufflé if it was dropped. London City Airport construction director David Aimable-Lina says: largest in-land marine construction “Part of our mission at London City project in Western Europe – all taking Part of our Airport is to enable innovation and place on a restricted site alongside a promote advances in technology, busy operational airfield. mission at so we are pleased to provide a test “Speed and efficiency gains like bed for the intelligent concrete this have a significant cumulative London City Airport technology. effect for the successful delivery “The ability to accurately predict of the whole London City Airport is to enable innovation when the concrete will have cured Development Programme, our and the greater certainty in the £480M transformation of the airport and promote advances construction process that this is to increase capacity and improve “ in technology providing has meant we can deliver the experience for passengers and key stages of the wider programme airlines.” more quickly and efficiently, with an Bam Nuttall says it is now looking increased level of predictably. to deploy this intelligent concrete on “For example, enabling far future projects, including the work smoother handover between partners to protect the rail line at Dawlish in in what is a complex programme – the Devon for Network Rail. N

34 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER | FEBRUARY 2020 Innovative Thinker Giles Perkins, WSP

Giles Perkins is head of POWER future mobility with WSP PLAY Transport is undergoing a huge transformation. The solution is no longer simply to build more roads or rail lines. Emily Ashwell explores how engineers are approaching the future of mobility.

hallenges such as needs of users and how the final increasingly coming into the equation, more electric vehicles outcome will affect user behaviour particularly where low carbon and fully autonomous and the economy is central, but the transportation is being considered. vehicles on the horizon, increasingly overriding issue above all These include energy need and future-proofing mobility others is the climate emergency, says availability, the quality of digital require a whole new Perkins. communications and infrastructure, mindset. That is the view of WSP UK “A couple of years ago the interest and the need to provide a mix of modes. Chead of future mobility Giles Perkins. was primarily being driven by the “I think that’s very interesting in “There’s lots of uncertainty in autonomous agenda, but with the terms of where transportation is at: the future and there’s lots of people climate emergency things are shifting that digital estate, that energy estate promising us lots of technology which so the decarbonisation agenda is and whatever solution we’re coming may or may not come to the fore. rightly at the forefront.” up with is indivisible now. And that “But we still have the pressures Perkins says transport solutions is driven by externalities such as the of today; of keeping our networks must become very localised – there condition of the grid or fibre network running, keeping them efficient, is no one size fits all approach from etcetera,” says Perkins. reducing cost etcetera. So our here on in. A new set of variables is “Our layering is much more approach is to look at how you can go nuanced than just, say, looking at the from the problems of today to a vision individual conditions on the local road of tomorrow,” says Perkins. network, and its hugely driven by the Perkins takes a very critical, needs of people in those places.” evidence-based approach. “The With the climate With the drive to net zero, more key challenge for us as an industry electric and hydrogen powered is that at the moment there are emergency solutions are being considered. more questions than answers and “We firmly believe it [the hydrogen/ we’re certainly going to have to things are shifting so electricity mix] will be dictated by develop new ways of thinking and the use case, it will be dictated by the new tools to allow us to make those the decarbonisation infrastructure that allows that fuel considerations,” he says. to be provided and certainly in the So, what are the engineering agenda is rightly at the interim it will be dictated by where we priorities? Of course, meeting the “ can generate hydrogen,” says Perkins. N forefront

FEBRUARY 2020 | NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 35 Innovation Showcase South Campshire Flood Protection SYMPATHETIC SOLUTION

In Dublin, Aecom has designed flexible flood defences which have opened up part of the city to tourists and housing developers.

where new defences could be construct- n 2002 the Irish capital Dublin was ed, and calculated the defence levels hit by severe flooding caused by a KEY FACT needed to protect against an extreme combination of a high tide and a high tide. “We estimated that we would storm surge. The water in the River protect 3,000 buildings if we designed Liffey rose more than 1m above the £4.2M for a 1,000-year tidal flood,” explains and consultant Aecom. It consists of a mix expected levels, and far higher than O’Connell. of new walls and flood gates – some of the previous highest level ever recorded. Cost of the The cost benefits of the scheme easily which are permanently closed but opened “It took us totally by surprise,” says scheme I passed the level required to justify fund- during marine or river events – and some Dublin City Council senior engineer ing by Ireland’s Office of Public Works of which are located in troughs in the Gerard O’Connell. “It was not raining, (OPW). ground, ready to be erected quickly when but low pressure and high wind created 3,000 “This is one of the more cost bene- they are needed. Aecom associate Karol the highest tide for 400 or 500 years in Number of ficial schemes,” says O’Connell. “€5M McCusker says: “South Campshires is Dublin, and caused over 1,250 buildings to (£4.2M) to protect that number of a wide open area that is heavily used for be flooded in the city.” buildings the buildings is quite a good ratio.” events like the tall ships coming in and With sea levels predicted to rise, Dublin scheme will But this is not simply a flood maritime festivals. City Council set about designing a scheme protect from protection scheme; it is also bringing “We didn’t want to cut people off from that would protect the centre of Dublin tangible social, financial and environ- the river, so we staggered the line of the from a similar event in future. But, as the a 1,000 year mental benefits for local communities, flood wall towards and back from river to city is known for its historic riverfront, flood including regeneration of this once fre- allow a walkway to pass through. any flood protection scheme had to be quently flooded riverside area – attracting “And we put in Dutch-style floodgates, designed in a way that retained Dublin’s new housing developers as well as start-up which can be erected when they’re need- architectural heritage and enabled locals businesses and cafés – and new pedestrian ed, so that people can pass seamlessly and visitors to enjoy the buildings and river and cycle routes. through the flood defences.” amenities. Detailed design for the South Camp- Where there are new permanent flood Dublin City Council engineers identi- shires flood protection scheme was done walls, these have been designed to reflect fied a 1.1km length of the river in an open jointly by Dublin City Council, the OPW the existing architecture of the city and area known as the South Campshires

36 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER | FEBRUARY 2020 IN PARTNERSHIP WITH AECOM

The new flood to reinstate that historic frontage.” realm improvement. We didn’t want defences are The new walls are built of precast “The flood wall was the major prior- to cut people designed to blend concrete clad in granite – the same ity for the city and its funding, but the in with local type used to build many of Dublin’s best scheme also incorporates a cycleway and off from the river, so we architecture and known structures, so the walls will age in new cycle stations, tree planting, new streetscapes the same manner as the city’s historic pedestrian crossings, and the very high staggered the line of the buildings. quality granite finish on the new walls,” The precast units are bolted onto says McCusker. flood wall towards and shallow foundations, with each panel “Usage of the cycle stations went incorporating a groove for waterproof through the roof, and people no longer “ grout, and also a groove at the top to walk through the South Campshires back from river enable another unit to be added if there just to get to work; it’s now a space that is a need to raise the height of the wall people use.” to be adaptable if the height needs to in future. “We were keen to keep the All local authorities have competing change in future. At one point, the new defences as adaptable as possible,” says draws on their resources and it can some- wall sits directly opposite Dublin’s historic O’Connell. times be difficult to make a case 18th century Custom House– a major While funding for the flood protection The South Campshires project tourist attraction. element of the project has come from demonstrates how flood risk management “Our flood wall had to mirror the the OPW, Dublin City Council has also schemes can be delivered not only to pro- historic flood wall,” explains McCusker. “It brought in money from other depart- tect homes and businesses from flooding, rests on the existing key stones, but it has ments to ensure the scheme delivers but to enrich and enable regeneration been designed so that it could be removed regeneration and contributes to public within the communities they serve.

FEBRUARY 2020 | NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 37 Innovation Showcase Invennt FUTURIST MANIFESTO

Invennt offers a sneak peek of forthcoming research into the adoption of Industry 4.0 in civil engineering.

ability of businesses in the built environ- irector and co-founder of ment to adapt to a changing technological specialist management KEY STAT landscape and respond with new business consulting firm Invennt models and ways of working. The research Tim Fitch announced the is a revealing barometer for changing atti- key findings of pioneering 6% tudes towards technology in the industry new research carried out and explores the potential impacts on by Invennt in conjunction with the ICE Proportion the business models of main contractors, at New Civil Engineer’s Innovations in of companies D subcontractors, consulting engineers and exploit these new technologies in future. Infrastructure conference in December. saying architects. He spoke of disruptive new entrants with Fitch presented delegates with an At the conference, Invennt discussed radical new business models that could advance briefing of Invennt’s new report, they have some of the barriers to adoption of tech- threaten established incumbents and the “Is construction ready for industry 4.0?” completed nologies such as the Internet of Things, risks to business-as-usual in a trading The report, which is compiled from big data, neural networks, workflow environment that is characterised by research carried out in conjunction with their journey automation and autonomous assets, shrinking margins and mounting risks. the ICE, seeks to answer whether the civil to Industry and demonstrated how companies are One of the key findings that was ech- engineering and construction industry is 4.0 beginning to deploy them in earnest. It oed by the questions from the audience, prepared to weather the disruption and also revealed the priorities of businesses was the difficulty in justifying investment competitive pressures taking place as a that are implementing them, such as in new technologies when money is tight, result of the emergence of Industry 4.0 improving competitiveness, resourcing, and the returns are unclear. technologies. productivity and differentiation. Fitch said that these challenges are real The research explores the adoption of The research reveals that a lack of and warned delegates against resigning the nascent technologies of the fourth financing, skills, vision and a resistance themselves to the status quo. He said industrial revolution and has been pro- to change are key blockers to the more that new funding sources such as those duced from surveys and roundtables with widespread adoption of these technol- made available from the government’s hundreds of senior decision makers within ogies, and he offered some examples research and development (R&D) and contracting and consulting businesses. of what could result from the failure to Research and Development Expenditure It aims to determine the willingness and

38 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER | FEBRUARY 2020 IN PARTNERSHIP WITH INVENNT

Fitch addresses Credit tax credit schemes as well as the required to meet client requirements. A lack of the conference Construction Sector Deal offset some of Fitch stressed that greater tax efficien- the financial limitations on businesses in cy is just one of the many ways executives financing, skills, the sector. in the sector can overcome the challenges vision and a resistance to Dealing with R&D tax credits specif- they face in embracing new technologies ically, Fitch explained that while most and future-proofing their business. In change are key blockers businesses now use the scheme, they closing his presentation, he remarked rarely maximise its potential. He present- that he had every confidence that civil to the more widespread ed research from another report that In- engineering, with its relentless focus on vennt has published which reveals a 42% overcoming challenges and finding new “ gap between what businesses are eligible ways to create value, will be fertile ground adoption of these for and what they actually claim back in for innovation in the future. technologies R&D tax credits. He explained that the l Tim Fitch and a panel of ICE Fellows gap is easily bridged by making simple will present the findings of the report changes to the way companies identify followed by a Q&A over breakfast on qualifying costs. Such costs include those 6 February. If you would like to receive associated with the application of inno- a copy or register to attend the report vative techniques in project delivery and launch please go to www.invennt.com/ the day-to-day cost of problem solving news-views/insight-library/industry-40/

FEBRUARY 2020 | NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 39 Innovation Showcase Digital Twins PARALLEL UNIVERSE

Mott MacDonald’s digital business development director Richard Shennan asks: Is procurement a barrier to realising the true value of digital twins?

organised data and its potential to gener- he industry is rife with ate information that supports better discussion about how digital KEY FACT decisions and drives efficiency, buyers twins are the solution to the need to be able to see how products and many problems we face in services can bring solutions to the delivering enhanced social, 10% problems they are responsible for solving. economic and environmental While an increasing number of outcomes in a cost and resource- Effectiveness organisations is aware of the need for grouped together, form a complete set constrained world. improvement T longer-term thinking, both in terms of procurement requirements. While the Many products and services are being expected of sustainable development goals and infrastructure industry may not always identified as digital twin-related, but the business resilience, there is also an apply category management in a system- challenge is to map these onto actual pro- when large inevitable pressure to show some returns atic way, every organisation has a struc- curement systems and associated category industrial on investment related to technology and tured procurement system with budgets management. organisational change in the shorter-term and defined interfaces to ensure they get While industry commentators talk of companies use budget cycle. everything they need at a competitive a “digital twin market” that is associated a digital twin The big vision for digital twins needs price. In this context it is hard to imagine with huge growth and cost benefits, the Source: The to be put into the perspective of today’s digital twins emerging as a category. reality is that these predictions cover a Gemini Principles, problems and presented by suppliers to The likely route for an organisation to wide range of products and services which Centre for Digital their potential customers in ways that realise the full potential of digital twins need to be carefully matched to buyers Built Britain address their immediate challenges and is to set out an information strategy at with specific responsibilities working in budgets as well as future value. enterprise level and then apply that when a similarly wide range of organisations Category management or similar seeking solutions to their immediate chal- that might benefit from the digital twin methods are commonly used across many lenges. In this way it will move towards movement. industries. Enterprises look at everything the big prize benefit by benefit. Some Starting at the base level, few of these they need to enable them to best meet work will involve incremental enhance- potential buyers will have a procurement their customers’ requirements and ments to what people have already started category called “digital twin”. While there establish supplier categories which, when doing, while others will ultimately require is increasing understanding of the value of

40 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER | FEBRUARY 2020 IN PARTNERSHIP WITH MOTT MACDONALD

Digital twins can asset throughout its lifecycle”. Organised an asset or system, the thinking behind The full help clients and data leading to better decision-making the possibility of a national digital twin potential construction was always at its heart. If we add the identifies understanding interdepend- teams alike technology layers of affordable sensors ences across systems as a potential big benefits of digital twins and the internet of things, much more win. But if the benefits accrue to multiple sophisticated and secure cloud comput- parties, the question of who pays must be often reach across ing, codified engineering and analytics, answered. and envisioning information, then we are There is no doubt that the concept of multiple organisations close to a simple form of a digital twin in digital twins is here to stay. The rate at “ terms of technology. which the potential benefits are realised in As with BIM, the question about the infrastructure around the world does not value of digital twins per se, and therefore just depend on technology. Organisations rethinking of processes and procurement. who pays for what, becomes one of also need to be able to articulate their Building information modelling (BIM) purpose, as identified in the Centre for challenges, connect them to digital solu- is an example. Mott MacDonald’s BIM Digital Built Britain’s Gemini Principles. tions that add value, and ensure that their definition, first written over 10 years ago, The full potential benefits of digital procurement systems encourage buying refers to it as “a co-ordinated set of pro- twins often reach across multiple organ- true best-value products and services cesses, enabled by technology, that adds isations. As well as the typical divisions from suppliers that bring the right combi- value through creating, managing and between owner, operator, developer nation of digital and domain expertise in a sharing a digital information model of an and constructor across the lifecycle of structured marketplace.

FEBRUARY 2020 | NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 41 Innovation Showcase PlasticRoad ROAD REVOLUTION

Wavin is one of the partners in a team which has developed a low carbon modular, recyclable plastic road product which can store rainwater runoff.

lasticRoad is an exciting just a challenge. It was probably the most At first, the team developed a innovation that has been PRODUCT exciting project of my career,” says Wavin functional prototype of the PlasticRoad drawing global attention product manager, PlasticRoad Marcel Jager. element and started to thoroughly test over the last year. One AIMS the system. It performed pressure and of its developers, plastics DEVELOPMENT OF wear tests on the elements and created manufacturer Wavin, PLASTICROAD simulations. Next to modified existing believes that a PlasticRoad could be the 70% Wavin is a global leader in the manufac- parts, many parts were made by 3D Psolution to a number of current societal Reduction in ture of plastic products for water man- printing and other rapid prototyping and environmental challenges, with construction agement and places a high importance on techniques. some key differences to traditional road its role in the circular economy. It aims to structures and cycle pathways which time when address this with several projects looking PREFABRICATED ELEMENTS include modular lightweight construction, PlasticRoad is at sustainable manufacturing that can The PlasticRoad has a similar wear and an inbuilt rainwater system, durability and eliminate virgin materials from its ranges, proven wear layer to traditional road use of recycled plastics. used looking at alternatives to plastics and surfaces and pathways. PlasticRoad was developed by a rethinking the role of plastics in drainage. The next step is to further develop and collaboration between partners Wavin, 100% The development of PlasticRoad forms a standardise the product to prepare for Total and KWS, the market leader in road key part of this strategy. industrialisation. construction and asphalt production of PlasticRoad The road construction experts at KWS The units will be prefabricated and asphalt in the . Each company recyclability focused on the upper layer/road surface delivered ready to install. Installation will has contributed its own unique expertise while Wavin focused on the structural be fool-proof and especially suitable for and knowledge to the development of this element. Total has extensive knowledge in urban environments where working quick- innovative concept. the field of plastics as well. ly with light materials is a big plus. “Innovation is our cornerstone. The company makes important Next to the speed of installation, the Sustainability is at the core of our contributions to the project in terms of water infiltration options of PlasticRoad company. So being part of a project to improving the properties of plastics, the are best suited for urban situations where create a road with no asphalt, no concrete, recycling of plastics and the available heavy rainwater flooding due to climate just post-consumer plastic waste was not production techniques. change is likely to become an issue.

42 NEW CIVIL ENGINEER | FEBRUARY 2020 IN PARTNERSHIP WITH WAVIN

The next step is to further develop and standardise the product to prepare “for industrialisation

shown that road surfaces with an EASY INSTALLATION Main picture: WHAT’S NEXT FOR open structure clog up quickly, so that Placing the PlasticRoad directly on a PlasticRoad is a PLASTICROAD? approach was dismissed early in the surface of sand removes the need for modular product The first pilot installations of Plastic project. As a result, the elements were a foundation. Additionally, it saves two with built in Road have been in the Netherlands as cycle installed with a slightly sloping screed. to three layers of asphalt that no longer space for services ways. Analysis of these has been used to need to be produced. The installation of and rainwater Water and debris flow into the gutters develop the concept in the longer term. PlasticRoad also saves installing traditional storage. and the hollow space can be used to The longer-term objectives for rainwater systems including pipes, gullies Right: Pilot temporarily store water, preventing PlasticRoad is to provide a solution that and house connections. First calculations PlasticRoad in flooding during periods of high rainfall. reduces construction time by 70%, is show that a road made from PlasticRoad action in the The hollow space can also be used four times as light as a traditional road elements requires 85% less transport than Netherlands to accommodate cables and pipes structure and is 100% recyclable and a traditional road. preventing excavation damage. There are made from as much recycled plastic as “Now that the project has progressed, also numerous other possibilities for the possible. we see a company-wide faith in the PlasticRoad including the installation of Wavin hopes that PlasticRoad will product. All three PlasticRoad partners sensors. create compelling gains for cities now embrace its potential. That said, The combination of a longer worldwide. It can help to prevent innovation and moving into something lifespan, use of recycled materials, easy flooding, allow faster and simpler that is totally new is always a bit scary; light weight construction, reduced construction and requires less heavy we’re developing while the whole world is transportation and therefore the reduced equipment for construction. watching. It’s humbling, to say the least,” carbon footprint make it a highly The product also provides easier access says Jager sustainable alternative to traditional road to cables for maintenance and reuses The PlasticRoad elements are designed structures. In keeping with its effort plastic waste, reducing the lifetime carbon for easy installation and maintenance with to contribute to the circular economy, footprint of road and pathway construc- prefabricated hollow modular sections. Wavin also hopes to be able to recycle tion. The elements have a permeable built-in a PlasticRoad at the end of its life, l To find out more about PlasticRoad gutter system on the side. The road sur- making it into elements of a new visit www.orbia.com/this-is-orbia/news- face itself is impermeable. Experience has PlasticRoad. and-stories/plastic-road/

FEBRUARY 2020 | NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 43 Innovation News NEW INNOVATIONS THAT WILL TRANSFORM YOUR PROJECTS NEWCIVILENGINEER.COM/INNOVATIVE-THINKING

STRUCTURES WORLD’S BIGGEST OBSERVATION WHEEL HITS MILESTONE

Construction of the world’s tallest observation wheel has reached a crucial milestone. Dutch contractor Mammoet has completed heavy lifting work for Ain Dubai, which will be the world’s tallest observation wheel when in operation. Mammoet has erected the wheel’s four, 890t, 126m-long legs and its 1,900t spindle. Main contractor Hyundai Engineering & Construction awarded Mammoet the heavy lifting subcontract in 2014. The structure’s legs and spindle were built offsite in Abu Dhabi and shipped to the site by barge. This eliminated the need for temporary storage, multiple barge transports and extreme height work.

MATERIALS TRANSPORT TUNNELS CALL TO RECYCLE HEAVY LIFTING WORLD’S DEEPEST SUBSEA CONCRETE FROM AUTONOMOUS TUNNEL OPENS TO TRAFFIC DEMOLISHED DRONES TO NUCLEAR PLANTS SUPPLY SITES

Concrete from decommissioned Autonomous drones capable of nuclear sites should be reused heavy lifting operations are to fill in voids after reactors are being developed to navigate demolished, concludes an complex construction sites. Aecom-led report produced for UK engineering and design the Nuclear Decommissioning consultancy Plextek is partnering Authority (NDA). The report’s with unmanned aerial systems contents are included in the specialist Griff Aviation to put NDA’s Direct research portfolio micro radars and sensors on its annual report for 2018-19. The innovative heavy lifting drones. Norwegian road operator Statens Stavanger with Strand in NDA’s Magnox Limited business is The drones will be able to carry Vegvegsen has opened world’s Rogaland. Work started in 2014 responsible for decommissioning loads up to 250kg and are being deepest subsea tunnel. The with contractor AF Gruppen 12 nuclear sites and one developed to move construction 14.4km Ryfylke tunnel near completing the first bore in hydroelectric power station. It equipment and materials across Stavanger reaches a maximum autumn 2017. Joint venture is estimated that the Magnox “harsh terrains including 292m below sea level. It is part of contractors Marti and IAV broke reactor sites will generate 1.3M.t mountainous and forested the Ryfast road project to link through on the second bore in of concrete during demolition. landscapes”. national highway 13 between early 2018.

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FEBRUARY 2020 | NEW CIVIL ENGINEER 49 UPCOMING EVENTS

13 - 14 May 2020 15 September 2020

8 July 2020 4-5 November 2020 FUTURE OF BRIDGES 8 July 2020 18-19 November 2020

COMPANY TYPES AT THESE EVENTS?

Client 19% Consultant FUTURE27% OF Government Body 4% Local Government BRIDGES3% T1 Contractors 15% Specialist 3% Architect 5% Supplier 12% Trade Associations and other 12%

BOOKING ENQUIRIES SPONSORSHIP ENQUIRIES Colin Ennis Francis Barham T: 020 3953 2627 T: 020 3953 2912 E: [email protected] E: [email protected] @NCEFUTUREOF

Future of Series Advert - Update IV - 265mm h x 210mm w.indd 1 08/11/2019 16:07 In collaboration with Careers CONTACT DARNEL BECKFORD 020 3953 2226 [email protected]

Post Tensioning Design & Construction & Hands‐on Workshop 1 ‐ 3 April 2020 Presented by Dr. Bijan O. Aalami and Dr. Florian Aalami

Would you like to update your knowledge on the latest developments in construction technology? Are you interested in the economics of post tensioning, design procedures and software? In-House Training Regional Training Centres If so, register for this course and learn about the tools Coaching & Mentoring Services needed for efficient, economical and serviceable designs. Year In Industry Placements Early booking discounts apply. Contact: Kathryn Gresty | CPD Training Courses e: [email protected] | t: +44 (0)20 7594 6882 or register at: www.imperial.ac.uk/cpd/tension Practical Highway Design @ImperialCPD Heathrow: 4 Feb

NEC4 Engineering & Construction Contract Birmingham: 11 Feb; Cardiff: 18 Mar

Flood Risk Assessments Bristol: 12 Feb

Traffic Signs Manual Chapter 8 64,000 registered job seekers* Heathrow: 12 Feb; : 27 Feb looking for new opportunities on Highway Drainage Design Birmingham: 13 Feb New Civil Engineer Careers Health, Safety & Welfare - Legislation Bristol: 19 Feb Published monthly and read by over 47,000 engineering Asphalt Technology for Civil Engineering professionals, New Civil Engineer provides the perfect Construction platform to engage with engineering candidates. Cardiff: 19 Feb; Glasgow: 27 Feb; Birmingham: 6 Mar Call: 020 3953 2507 Email: [email protected] Drainage: An Introduction Heathrow: 26 Feb

Commercial Awareness Birmingham: 26 Feb Advertise online: newcivilengineercareers.com

*Madgex January 2018

Looking for your next career opportunity? 01446 775959 Browse and apply online: [email protected] newcivilengineercareers.com www.symmonsmadge.co.uk

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