Innu (Montagnais) in Newfoundland
Innu (Montagnais) in Newfoundland CHARLES A. MARTIJN Ministere des Affaires culturelles, Quebec Introduction A number of years ago in an article with the intriguing title "A Nice Place to Visit, But . .", Tuck and Pastore (1985) outlined how during the course of prehistory various native groups, Amerindians as well as Paleo-Eskimo, moved from the mainland, across the Strait of Belle-Isle into Newfound land. Due to the "closed" nature of food resources on this island, there appears to have been a cycle of extinctions with each prehistoric group be ing successively replaced by new immigrants. Not surprisingly, such native population movements, although on a reduced scale, also continued to take place during post-contact times. The present discussion1 will focus on voyages made during the past three centuries by Montagnais Indians (or Innu as they call themselves) from Quebec and Labrador. They travelled to Newfoundland to hunt, to trap furbearers and to trade, and in some instances to settle there perma nently. This constitutes a chapter in Montagnais history which nowadays is largely forgotten.2 Few old people survive who were actually born there, JI am indebted to Moira T. McCaffrey for her invaluable suggestions and editing services. My sincere thanks are extended to Jose Mailhot, Ingeborg Mar shall, Toby Morantz, Ralph T. Pastore, Francois Trudel and Sylvie Vincent for commenting on earlier versions of this paper presented at the First Labrador Straits Studies Conference in Forteau, Labrador, September 15-17, 1988 and at the Twenty-First Algonquian Conference in St. John's, Newfoundland, October 27-29, 1989. I also wish to express my appreciation to Ed Dahl of the National Archives in Ottawa, and to R.
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