1 Contributions of Albert Einstein to Earth Sciences
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The Collaboration of Mileva Marić and Albert Einstein
Asian Journal of Physics Vol 24, No 4 (2015) March The collaboration of Mileva Marić and Albert Einstein Estelle Asmodelle University of Central Lancashire School of Computing, Engineering and Physical Sciences, Preston, Lancashire, UK PR1 2HE. e-mail: [email protected]; Phone: +61 418 676 586. _____________________________________________________________________________________ This is a contemporary review of the involvement of Mileva Marić, Albert Einstein’s first wife, in his theoretical work between the period of 1900 to 1905. Separate biographies are outlined for both Mileva and Einstein, prior to their attendance at the Swiss Federal Polytechnic in Zürich in 1896. Then, a combined journal is described, detailing significant events. In additional to a biographical sketch, comments by various authors are compared and contrasted concerning two narratives: firstly, the sequence of events that happened and the couple’s relationship at particular times. Secondly, the contents of letters from both Einstein and Mileva. Some interpretations of the usage of pronouns in those letters during 1899 and 1905 are re-examined, and a different hypothesis regarding the usage of those pronouns is introduced. Various papers are examined and the content of each subsequent paper is compared to the work that Mileva was performing. With a different take, this treatment further suggests that the couple continued to work together much longer than other authors have indicated. We also evaluate critics and supporters of the hypothesis that Mileva was involved in Einstein’s work, and refocus this within a historical context, in terms of women in science in the late 19th century. Finally, the definition of, collaboration (co-authorship, specifically) is outlined. -
Chronological List of Correspondence, 1895–1920
CHRONOLOGICAL LIST OF CORRESPONDENCE, 1895–1920 In this chronological list of correspondence, the volume and document numbers follow each name. Documents abstracted in the calendars are listed in the Alphabetical List of Texts in this volume. 1895 13 or 20 Mar To Mileva Maric;;, 1, 45 29 Apr To Rosa Winteler, 1, 46 Summer To Caesar Koch, 1, 6 18 May To Rosa Winteler, 1, 47 28 Jul To Julia Niggli, 1, 48 Aug To Rosa Winteler, 5: Vol. 1, 48a 1896 early Aug To Mileva Maric;;, 1, 50 6? Aug To Julia Niggli, 1, 51 21 Apr To Marie Winteler, with a 10? Aug To Mileva Maric;;, 1, 52 postscript by Pauline Einstein, after 10 Aug–before 10 Sep 1,18 From Mileva Maric;;, 1, 53 7 Sep To the Department of Education, 10 Sep To Mileva Maric;;, 1, 54 Canton of Aargau, 1, 20 11 Sep To Julia Niggli, 1, 55 4–25 Nov From Marie Winteler, 1, 29 11 Sep To Pauline Winteler, 1, 56 30 Nov From Marie Winteler, 1, 30 28? Sep To Mileva Maric;;, 1, 57 10 Oct To Mileva Maric;;, 1, 58 1897 19 Oct To the Swiss Federal Council, 1, 60 May? To Pauline Winteler, 1, 34 1900 21 May To Pauline Winteler, 5: Vol. 1, 34a 7 Jun To Pauline Winteler, 1, 35 ? From Mileva Maric;;, 1, 61 after 20 Oct From Mileva Maric;;, 1, 36 28 Feb To the Swiss Department of Foreign Affairs, 1, 62 1898 26 Jun To the Zurich City Council, 1, 65 29? Jul To Mileva Maric;;, 1, 68 ? To Maja Einstein, 1, 38 1 Aug To Mileva Maric;;, 1, 69 2 Jan To Mileva Maric;; [envelope only], 1 6 Aug To Mileva Maric;;, 1, 70 13 Jan To Maja Einstein, 8: Vol. -
Twelfth Planet Pdf, Epub, Ebook
TWELFTH PLANET PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Zecharia Sitchin | 464 pages | 15 Mar 2007 | HarperCollins Publishers Inc | 9780061379130 | English | New York, NY, United States Twelfth Planet PDF Book Read it to expand your picture of our tiny existence. Lean over his neck and feel his body rippling under you. All in all this was a fun book to read, but if Sitchin was correct, it would only mean that the bible, and all the world mythologies and gods and goddesses, were not really divinely inspired after all, nor were these beings ever well intended in regards to our well being. The product of thirty years of intensive research, The 12th Planet is the first book in Zecharia Sitchin's prophetic Earth Chronicles series--a revolutionary body of work that offers indisputable documentary proof of humanity's extraterrestrial forefathers. So, if you are a religious person, you will definitely dismiss this book because it runs against the Biblical teaching that we were created in the image and likeness of God via Adam and Eve as mentioned in the first book of the Holy Bible, Genesis. Quite honestly, I appreciate Sitchin's attention to fine detail and even though it does feel repetitive at times, I appreciate how he shows all connections to the Sumerian tablets. Leroy This created Homo-Sapeins the perfect worker. It was after this that the Anunaki chose to teach humans the rudiments of civilization. Alford admits he initially became "infatuated" with Sitchin's hypotheses but later became a critic of Sitchin's interpretations of myth. Within twelve orbits the object would be either ejected or converted to a short period object. -
Albert Einstein - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia Page 1 of 27
Albert Einstein - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Page 1 of 27 Albert Einstein From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Albert Einstein ( /ælbərt a nsta n/; Albert Einstein German: [albt a nʃta n] ( listen); 14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955) was a German-born theoretical physicist who developed the theory of general relativity, effecting a revolution in physics. For this achievement, Einstein is often regarded as the father of modern physics.[2] He received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics "for his services to theoretical physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect". [3] The latter was pivotal in establishing quantum theory within physics. Near the beginning of his career, Einstein thought that Newtonian mechanics was no longer enough to reconcile the laws of classical mechanics with the laws of the electromagnetic field. This led to the development of his special theory of relativity. He Albert Einstein in 1921 realized, however, that the principle of relativity could also be extended to gravitational fields, and with his Born 14 March 1879 subsequent theory of gravitation in 1916, he published Ulm, Kingdom of Württemberg, a paper on the general theory of relativity. He German Empire continued to deal with problems of statistical Died mechanics and quantum theory, which led to his 18 April 1955 (aged 76) explanations of particle theory and the motion of Princeton, New Jersey, United States molecules. He also investigated the thermal properties Residence Germany, Italy, Switzerland, United of light which laid the foundation of the photon theory States of light. In 1917, Einstein applied the general theory of relativity to model the structure of the universe as a Ethnicity Jewish [4] whole. -
The Welsh Triangle 35 Charles J Hall
A BRAND NEW MAGAZINE ON UFOLOGY & ALTERNATIVE THINKING TOP 10 UFOLOGY MOMENTS Lazar, Arnold & Rendlesham ISSUE #1 NOV/DEC 2017 NICK POPE THE From civil servant to the WELSH MoD’s UFO investigator TO THE STARS TRIANGLE Rockstar Tom Delonge Celebrating the 40th is shaping our future Anniversary of the Pembrokeshire sightings DYATLOV PASS SNOW WHITE The mystery deaths of Does the beloved princess nine Russian hikers in 1959 have Egyptian origins? THE PIRI REIS MAP ENIGMA Could this medieval map really show an ice-free Antarctica? MICHAEL CREMO Why human origins may go back further than we thought S-4 DIGITAL PRESS Plus more great interviews and features inside! EDITOR’S LETTER WELCOME! “Something inside me has always been there… - then I was awake, and I need help.” he above quote was featured feeling your IQ drop in front of the in the trailer for the upcoming television and smartphone watching TStar Wars: The Last Jedi, mind numbing talk shows and the which finds our hero Rey searching endless plague of vacuous ‘reality’ for guidance in helping her make celebrities. And that’s what the sense of her recent ‘awakening’. title itself refers to, the dark hidden The line stuck in our minds as we corners of the subconscious that were compiling this very first issue recognises there is a vast amount of Shadows Of Your Mind magazine, of information hidden just out of and it seemed pretty apt as interest view. Our hope is that Shadows… in what were previously fringe topics will act as the catalyst that fires up is on the rise. -
Why Pharaoh Hatshepsut Is Not to Be Equated to the Queen of Sheba Patrick Clarke
Viewpoint Why Pharaoh Hatshepsut is not to be equated to the Queen of Sheba Patrick Clarke This article looks at the linguistic, textual and other problems of equating the Pharaoh Hatshepsut with the Queen of Sheba. This is one of the central pillars of the revised chronology of the Ancient Near East, particularly Egypt, first mooted by Immanuel Velikovsky in the middle of the last century, and taken up by other writers since, including works that are very popular in creationist circles. The conclusion is that this Hatshepsut/Sheba identification is not tenable in the light of the available evidence. any Christians today are greatly influenced by the so that they line up with the Bible, their interpretation of the Mrevisionist claims of four people in particular. Firstly, evidence raises serious questions about their methodology and Immanuel Velikovsky, a Russian-born psychoanalyst, who often their expertise in the area. For example, Velikovsky’s authored a number of books in which he proposed numerous lack of competence as a historian was brutally exposed in radical interpretations of history. In Ages in Chaos (1952),1 1965, by the expert cuneiformist, Abraham Sachs, in a forum Velikovsky, who would not have called himself a Bible- at Brown University, Rhode Island.6 Sachs had much to say believer, described what he thought were parallels between about Velikovsky’s claims on Mesopotamian history. This is Egyptian history and the biblical accounts covering the part of what Sachs had to say: period from the Exodus to the early years of the Divided “In 1896, an excellent dictionary of Akkadian Monarchy. -
Albert Einstein
WIKIPEDIA - La mejor página de Internet!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Albert Einstein «Einstein» redirige aquí. Para otras acepciones, véase Einstein (desambiguación). Albert Einstein Información personal 14 de marzo de 1879 Nacimiento Ulm, Alemania 18 de abril de 1955 (76 años) Fallecimiento Princeton, Estados Unidos Residencia Einsteinhaus Caputh y Einsteinhaus Reino de Wurtemberg (1879–1896), apátrida (1896–1901), suiza (1901– Nacionalidad 1955), Imperio austrohúngaro (1911), República de Weimar (1920–1933) y estadounidense (1940–1955) Lengua materna Alemán Religión Panteísmo Familia Hermann Einstein Padres Pauline Koch Cónyuge Mileva Marić (1903–1919) Elsa Einstein (1919–1936) Hans Albert Einstein Eduard Einstein Hijos Lieserl Einstein Educación Escuela Politécnica Federal de Zúrich (Bachelor of Science) Luitpold-Gymnasium Alte Kantonsschule Alma máter Aarau (Matura) Universidad de Zúrich (Ph.D.) Supervisor Alfred Kleiner doctoral Información profesional Físico teórico, filósofo de la ciencia, inventor, escritor de ciencia, Ocupación astrónomo, pedagogo, profesor universitario (desde 1909), profesor, físico y escritor de no ficción Área Física teórica Universidad Carolina Karl-Ferdinands-Universität Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Escuela Politécnica Federal de Zúrich Sociedad Kaiser Wilhelm Empleador Universidad de Leiden Swiss Federal Institute of Intellectual Property (1902– 1909) Universidad de Zúrich (desde 1909) Universidad de Princeton (1933–1955) relatividad especial relatividad general Obras notables Movimiento -
Pseudoscience: Objective Or Subjective?
Pseudoscience: Objective or Subjective? MICHAEL RUSE ABSTRACT WORK TYPE What is pseudo–science and when do charges of pseudo–scientific thinking Article generally arise? These questions are answered by looking at six examples where the charge of pseudo–science has arisen: anti–vaccination and the ARTICLE HISTORY claims that it causes illnesses, Creationism – the claim that the Bible is Received: literally true –, chiropractic and claims about curing cancer and the like, pre– 19–May–2019 Darwinian evolution, that is developmental hypotheses before the Origin of Accepted: Species (1859), Immanuel Velikovsky and his book, Worlds in Collision, and 14–July–2019 the Gaia hypothesis that the Earth is an organism. It is agreed that there is an Published Online: objective foundation to charges of pseudo–science and the author’s 24–November–2019 testimony in a court case in Arkansas in 1981, arguing that Creationism is not genuine science, is used to support this claim. Karl Popper’s criterion of ARTICLE LANGUAGE demarcation invoking falsifiability is a key notion here. However, it is argued English that charges of pseudo–science occur most frequently when conventional practitioners are under threat. Then claims of pseudo–science are used to KEYWORDS attack the non–conventional opposition. The examples are used to support Pseudoscience this conclusion. Falsiability Evolution Velikovsky Gaia © Studia Humanitatis – Universidad de Salamanca 2020 M. Ruse (✉) Disputatio. Philosophical Research Bulletin Florida State University, United States Vol. 9, No. 13, Jun. 2020, pp. 0–00 e–mail: [email protected] ISSN: 2254–0601 | www.disputatio.eu © The author(s) 2020. This work, published by Disputatio [www.disputatio.eu], is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons License [BY–NC–ND]. -
International Centre for Theoretical Physics
INIS-ml —128^8 INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR THEORETICAL PHYSICS THE TIMES OF ALBERT EINSTEIN S.M.W. Ahmad INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION ! gg0 MIRAMARE - TRIESTE International Atomic Energy Agency and United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR THEORETICAL PHYSICS THE TIMES OF ALBERT EINSTEIN S.M.W. Ahmad • International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste, Italy. This article is the result of my lecture delivered at ICTP on 17 August, 1990 before a knowledgable audience that included scientists from many countries including the third world countries. This one and half hour lecture was organised by Dr. A.M. Hamende and Dr. H.R. Dalafi. MIRAMARE - TRIESTE September 1990 Permanent address: Dar-us-Salam U( 12), Albert Einstein Avenue, Karachi, Pakistan. THE TIMES OF ALBERT EINSTEIN 'The life of Albert Einstein has a dramatic quality that does not rest exclu- sively on his theory of relativity. The extravagant timing of history linked him with three shattering developments of the twentieth century: the rise and fall of Nazi Germany, the birth of nuclear weapons, and the birth of ^ionism (and Israel). Their impact on Einstein's genius combined to drive him into a contact with the affairs of the world for which Einstein had little taste'. S.M.W. Ahmad The Times of Albert Einstein (1759 to 1968) 1759- Albert Einstein's great grand father, Albert Einstein, is born in Buchau. Is married to Rebekka Obernaur in 1776. 1808- Albert Einstein's grand father, Abraham Einstein, is bom in Buchau and is married to Helen Moose in 1829. -
Einstein, Mileva Maric
ffirs.qrk 5/13/04 7:34 AM Page i Einstein A to Z Karen C. Fox Aries Keck John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ffirs.qrk 5/13/04 7:34 AM Page ii For Mykl and Noah Copyright © 2004 by Karen C. Fox and Aries Keck. All rights reserved Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 646-8600, or on the web at www.copyright.com. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748-6011, fax (201) 748-6008. Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and the author have used their best efforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives or written sales materials. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation. -
Michael D. Gordin. the Pseudoscience Wars. Immanuel Velikovsky and the Birth of the Modern Fringe
528 Reseñas Dynamis 2013; 33 (2): 505-537 Michael D. Gordin. The pseudoscience wars. Immanuel Velikovsky and the birth of the modern fringe. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press; 2012, 291 p. ISBN-13: 978-0-226-30442-7, € 21,25. The pseudoscience wars tiene dos propósitos: por un lado, intenta rescatar la fi- gura del psicoanalista ruso-judío Immanuel Velikovsky (1895-1979) y sus con- trovertidas teorías, tachadas de pseudocientíficas; por otro lado, utiliza el caso de Velikovsky para discutir los procesos científico-sociales de demarcación cien- tífica. En este sentido, el libro de Michael D. Gordin, historiador de la ciencia de la Princeton University, se enmarca dentro de los estudios sociológicos del «boundary-work» y el problema filosófico de la demarcación. El título hace referencia a las llamadas «science wars» de mediados de los 90, en donde se intentó desacreditar los estudios humanísticos de la ciencia que cuestionaban su objetividad. Dividido en seis capítulos, The pseudoscience wars ofrece una estructura clara y efectiva respecto a sus objetivos. El lector queda rápidamente fascinado por el caso de Velikovsky, hilo conductor del libro. Como expone Gordin en los dos primeros capítulos, la obra de Velikovsky Worlds in collision (1950) generó una gran controversia en la comunidad científica de Esta- dos Unidos, país al que había emigrado en 1939. En Worlds in collision, Velikovsky exponía sus conclusiones tras décadas de investigación analizando los mitos de la antigüedad, especialmente los relativos a las catástrofes relatadas en la Biblia hebrea. En su opinión, dichas catástrofes ocurrieron en realidad y fueron causa- das por agentes extraterrestres, los cuales llegó a identificar. -
Mary Heaton Vorse Papers
THE MARY HEATON VORSE COLLECTION 156 Boxes 1 Oversize Box 12 microfilm reels Processed: 1968 Accession Number 190 By: BF The papers of Mary Heaton Vorse were deposited with the Archives of Labor History and Urban Affairs in December, 1966 by her children Heaton Vorse, Mary Ellen Boyden, and Joel O'Brien. The collection covers the period from 1841 to 1966. THE MARY HEATON VORSE COLLECTION Contents BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH INDEX TO SUBJECTS SERIES DESCRIPTIONS and INVENTORIES I. Manuscripts 45 Boxes (1-45) pp 1-36 - Books - Articles and Stories - Other Writings - Notes - Miscellaneous - Stories Written and Sold - Other Authors II. Correspondence 31 Boxes (46-76) pp 37-43 - Index to Correspondents - Correspondence, 1841-1966 III. Daily Notes 17 Boxes (77-93) pp 44-45 - Daily Summaries 1918-1965 - Yearly Summaries ca. 1903-1965 - Daily Notes 1917-1965 IV. General Information Files 39 Boxes (94-132) pp 46-61 V. Clippings ca. 1892-1963 12 Boxes (133-144) pp 62-65 - Alphabetical - Chronological - Miscellaneous VI. Personal Papers 10 Boxes (145-154) pp 66-68 - Address and Appointment Books - Legal Papers - Financial Papers - Miscellaneous Notes - Memorabilia - Family Papers - Biographical Material - Sketches and Drawings - Miscellaneous VII. Oversize p. 69 VIII. Material received from the State Historical 2 Boxes (155-156 p. 70 Society of Wisconsin concerning strikes in Gastonia and Marion, N.C. and Elizabethon, Tennessee, 1928-1930. Copies: Some collection content in series 2, 3, 4, and 6 (boxes 63-82, 84-107, 114, 116, 117, 128, 130, 145, 146, 150, 151, 153, and 154) (1918-1966, undated) is available on 12 reels of microfilm: correspondence, journal notes, general information files, and personal papers.