European Union Water Initiative Plus for Eastern Partnership Countries (ENI/2016/372-403) the DANUBE, PRUT and BLACK SEA RIVER
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European Union Water Initiative Plus for Eastern Partnership Countries (ENI/2016/372-403) THE DANUBE, PRUT AND BLACK SEA RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT PLAN IN REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA for the future planning cycle (2022-2027) TECHNICAL REPORT N°1 DESCRIPTION OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DANUBE-PRUT AND BLACK SEA RIVER BASIN DISTRICT FINAL DRAFT December – 2019 Technical Report N°1 DPBS RBD Characterisation Beneficiaries IWRM department of the MARDE (legislation and supervision), Agency “Apele Moldovei” (Planning coordination and follow up of implementation) Produced by OIKUMENA Public Association Authors Iurii Bejan, Vitalie Dilan, Lucia Căpățînă, Nicolae Boboc, Petru Bacal, Boris Iurciuc, Natalia Zgîrcu Produced for: International Office for Water (France), as contracting authority responsible for RBM planning in EUWI+East member state consortium Supervision Radu Cazacu and Dumitru Proca from Apele Moldovei supported by Pierre Henry de Villeneuve (IOWater) and Victor Bujac (National EUWI+ Project Representative in Moldova) Date December 2019 Version Final Acknowledgements: Apele Romane for offering its support including the direct contribution of Irina Tutunaru from Water Administration Prut – Barlad River Basin, Romania Financed by: European Union Co-financed by: Austrian Development Agency and the Artois-Picardie Water Agency (France) for the implementing Member States Disclaimer: The EU-funded program European Union Water Initiative Plus for Eastern Partnership Countries (EUWI+ 4 EaP) is implemented by the UNECE, OECD, responsible for the implementation of Result 1 and an EU member state consortium of Austria, managed by the lead coordinator Umweltbundesamt, and of France, managed by the International Office for Water, responsible for the implementation of Result 2 and 3. This document, the “TECHNICAL REPORT N°1 ON DESCRIPTION OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DANUBE-PRUT AND BLACK SEA RIVER BASIN DISTRICT”, was produced by the EU member state consortium with the financial assistance of the European Union. The views expressed herein can in no way be taken to reflect the official opinion of the European Union or the Governments of the Eastern Partnership Countries. This document and any map included herein are without prejudice to the status of, or sovereignty over, any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries, and to the name of any territory, city or area. Imprint Owner and Editor: EU Member State Consortium Umweltbundesamt GmbH International Office for Water (IOW) Spittelauer Lände 5 21/23 rue de Madrid 1090 Vienna, AUSTRIA 75008 Paris, FRANCE Responsible IOW Communication officers: Yunona Videnina, [email protected] Chloé Dechelette, [email protected] Page | 2 Technical Report N°1 DPBS RBD Characterisation Chapter 1. Description of the characteristics of DPBS RBD ...................................................................................................... 4 1.1. Geographical characteristics .......................................................................................................................................... 4 1.1.1. Administrative limits .............................................................................................................................................. 4 1.1.2. Climate ................................................................................................................................................................... 6 1.1.3. Geology ................................................................................................................................................................ 15 1.1.4. Topography .......................................................................................................................................................... 19 1.1.5. Soils ...................................................................................................................................................................... 21 1.1.6. Vegetation and land use/cover terrain ................................................................................................................ 23 1.1.7. Noticeable aquatic ecosystems and wetlands ..................................................................................................... 25 1.2. Water resources .......................................................................................................................................................... 26 1.2.1. Hydrographical network ...................................................................................................................................... 26 1.2.2. Surface water resources ....................................................................................................................................... 26 1.2.3. Groundwater resources ....................................................................................................................................... 33 1.3. Human activities and use of water resources .............................................................................................................. 40 1.3.1. Population (urban, rural, trends) ......................................................................................................................... 40 1.3.2. Agriculture (crops and livestock husbandry) ........................................................................................................ 42 1.3.3. Fish farms ............................................................................................................................................................. 45 1.3.4. Forestry ................................................................................................................................................................ 50 1.3.5. Industry and mining ............................................................................................................................................. 53 1.3.6. Hydropower ......................................................................................................................................................... 55 1.3.7. Waste, landfills, polluted sites ............................................................................................................................. 56 1.3.8. Shipping ............................................................................................................................................................... 58 1.3.9. Tourism ................................................................................................................................................................ 58 1.3.10. Linear infrastructure (roads, dikes, dams) ......................................................................................................... 60 1.4. Risks ............................................................................................................................................................................. 61 1.4.1. Floods ................................................................................................................................................................... 61 1.4.2. Water deficit ........................................................................................................................................................ 65 1.4.3. Landslides and erosion ......................................................................................................................................... 66 1.4.4. Health issues ........................................................................................................................................................ 66 1.5. Stakeholders and programs ......................................................................................................................................... 68 1.5.1. Administrative organization ................................................................................................................................ 68 1.5.2. Water Users Associations .................................................................................................................................... 68 1.5.3. Summary of strategies, programs and projects on water resources development ............................................. 69 1.6. Diagnostics................................................................................................................................................................... 70 1.6.1. Synthetic description with key figures.................................................................................................................. 70 1.6.2. Brief SWOT analysis ............................................................................................................................................. 71 1.7. Methodological reference and bibliography ................................................................................................................ 72 1.7.1. Methodological reference .................................................................................................................................... 72 1.7.2. Bibliography ......................................................................................................................................................... 73 Page | 3 Technical Report N°1 DPBS RBD Characterisation Chapter 1. Description of the characteristics of DPBS RBD 1.1. Geographical characteristics