DOCSLIB.ORG

Humic Substances from Green Compost Increase Bioactivity And

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Humic Substances from Green Compost Increase Bioactivity And Verrillo et al. Chem. Biol. Technol. Agric. (2021) 8:28 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40538-021-00226-7 RESEARCH Open Access Humic substances from green compost increase bioactivity and antibacterial properties of essential oils in Basil leaves Mariavittoria Verrillo1,2* , Vincenza Cozzolino1,2, Riccardo Spaccini1,2* and Alessandro Piccolo1,2 Abstract Background: The Essential oils (EOs) are important bioactive secondary metabolites of aromatic plants, such as Basil, and fnd extensive utilization in pharmaceutical sector as therapeutic agents. A more eco-friendly industrial produc- tion of EOs requires new sustainable methods to improve yield and quality of these bioactive compounds in aromatic plants. Here, we evaluated the biostimulation efects of natural organic materials, such as humic substances (HS) extracted from a humifed green compost made with artichoke biomasses. Results: The molecular characteristics of HS from green compost were determined by 13C-CPMAS NMR spectroscopy and ofine pyrolysis–gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and combined to the bioactivity of the EOs extracts to investigate the structural–activity relationship. Basil plants were grown under HS treatments at diferent concentra- tions and the yield, the chemical composition and the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties were determined for EOs extracted by steam distillation method from Basil leaves. HS showed a positive efect on total extraction yield of the most bioactive EO components, with a progressive enhancement of abundance for eugenol, eucalyptol and geranyl acetate with increasing HS concentrations. Humic biostimulation infuenced the EOs antioxidant proprieties, as well as their antimicrobial activity against some common Gram-negative bacterial strains such as Klebsiella pneumo- niae. The HS biostimulation of Basil plants was associated to their structural hydrophobic characteristics that may have favoured the interactions with the Basil rhizome and to specifc bioactive molecular components, such as a lignin- derived phenols and polar saccharidic and aminoacidic compounds. Conclusions: Our results support the potential use of humic substances from green compost as promising efective biostimulants to improve the production and bioactive properties of EOs in aromatic plants. Keywords: Humic substances, Green compost, Basil, Essential oils, Steam distillation, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial Background from secondary metabolism that determine the typical Aromatic plants are extensively used to provide valuable aroma and favor of plant extracts [3]. Sweet Basil (Oci- natural products for either food or pharmaceutical appli- mum basilicum L.) of the Lamiaceae family is one of the cations [1, 2]. Te aromatic features result from the spe- most difused aromatic plants involved in the production cifc synthesis of bioactive organic components derived of fragrances for the nutraceutical sector. Furthermore, it fnds a large utilization as medicinal plant in the treat- ment of headaches, coughs, diarrhea, constipation, warts, *Correspondence: [email protected]; [email protected] worms, kidney malfunctions, in the control the blood 1 Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca per la Risonanza Magnetica glucose and diabetic disease [4]. Tis fast-growing annual Nucleare per l’Ambiente, l’Agroalimentare, ed i Nuovi Materiali (CERMANU), Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, plant represents a source of bioactive Essential Oils (EOs) 80055 Portici, Italy extracted from the leaves and the fowering tops [5]. Full list of author information is available at the end of the article Te EOs are mainly composed by a mixture of diferent © The Author(s) 2021. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http:// creat iveco mmons. org/ licen ses/ by/4. 0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creat iveco mmons. org/ publi cdoma in/ zero/1. 0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. Verrillo et al. Chem. Biol. Technol. Agric. (2021) 8:28 Page 2 of 14 secondary metabolites, such as terpenes and phenylpro- stress, concur to reduce energetic inputs, and improve panoids compounds [6, 7]. Te characteristics of these the biosynthesis of bioactive secondary metabolites in aromatic compounds in Basil plant are related to the spe- aromatic plants [22, 23]. Tese positive efects have been cifc genotype which determine the amount and compo- explained by the heterogeneous supramolecular nature of sition of EOs [6, 7]. HS incorporating hormone-like molecules, which exert To enhance extraction yields, several methodologies their activity on plants physiological and metabolic pro- are applied for the isolation of EOs [8, 9]. Te applied cesses [24]. Te bioactivity or reactivity of humic extracts pressure and temperature of extraction afect the qual- closely depends on their origin and molecular composi- ity of essential oils, besides their quantitative output. tion [25–27]. Te ascertained involvement of various Te conventional techniques of essential oils isolation structural activity relationships between specifc humic from medicinal and aromatic plants relies on the solubi- or humic-like materials and plant biochemical pathways, lization properties of organic solvents. However, the cur- call for a comprehensive understanding of the HS molec- rent requirements to reduce the environmental impact ular features as a basic requirement for their application of extraction processes and improve products recover- as plant biostimulants [26, 28]. ing, have promoted the development of new eco-friendly No literature information is currently available on the approaches to match both high yield and quality of EOs use of humic extracts from green compost for the pro- [10]. In this respect, water is increasingly regarded as a duction of bioactive EOs from Basil plants as supporting useful green solvent for EOs extraction [11]. In fact, the therapy agents against pathogens. Te innovative objec- eco-compatible steam distillation method may reduce the tive of this work was to evaluate the biostimulation efect occurrence of secondary chemical reactions and unde- of humic substances extracted from artichoke composted sirable by-products, thus combining the maintenance of biomasses on the synthesis of EOs in Ocinum basilicum high levels of yield and products quality with reduction of plant. Te isolation of EOs extracts was performed with economic and environmental costs [12]. water distillation methodology thereby analyzing yield, Te bioactive properties of EOs have been related to molecular composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial anti-bacterial [13], anti-fungal [14] and antioxidant activ- activities of EOs against some human common bacterial ities [15]. Tese features are key factors for postharvest strains, such as Pseudomonas Aeuruginosa and Staphy- protection of fresh commodities [16] and for their use in loccocus aureus. pharmaceutical [17], cosmetic and food industries [18]. Te stability of both quality and quantity of EOs active Methods components is required for the industrial exploitation of Composting process and extraction of humic substances medical aromatic plants, such as Basil. In fact, the syn- Te bulk green compost was obtained in the compost- thesis of these bioactive compounds is afected by dif- ing facility of the Experimental Farm of University of ferent factors, such as soil management practices, inputs Napoli Federico II at Castel-Volturno (CE). Te vegeta- (e.g., fertilizers, water, and pesticides) and biotic and abi- ble artichoke residues were mixed with maize straw at otic stresses, that may have an impact on the biosynthesis 70/30 w/w ratio, and structured on static piles placed and accumulation of secondary metabolites [19, 20]. on perforated rubber tubes through which air was insuf- A topical challenge of modern agriculture is to guar- fated by a rotative pump. Te composting process lasted antee adequate crop yields and productivity, while 100 days including thermophilic and mesophilic phases concomitantly matching the stringent environmental for about half of the cycle, followed by the fnal curing regulations devised for agro- and forestry ecosystems. period. Te fnal compost pile was randomly sampled to Terefore, less intensive and sustainable cultivation obtain a fnal amount of 1 kg of bulk compost which was methods are currently promoted for the cultivation of air dried, sieved at 2 mm and stored a 4 °C for the subse- aromatic plants to improve biomass yields with large and quent analyses. steady amount of bioactive substances while lowering Humic substances (HS) were isolated as by a conven- input rates of both mineral fertilizers and agrochemicals tional extraction procedure described elsewhere [29]. [20]. Te use
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Effect of Basil in Prevention the Formation of Cholesterol in Blood Stream
    Pharmacognosy and Allied science Dept. Effect of basil in prevention the formation of cholesterol in blood stream هدى علي حسن هدى عبد الزهرة اشراف د .يوسف ، د. جبران ، د. يسار Introduction Basil (Ocimum basilicum )leaves are used fresh and dried as flavorings or spices in sauces, salad Basil is also an important ornamental plant, with a variety of leaf and inflorescence shapes, sizes and colors Basil oil (also called Holy basil oil) works gradually, but effectively, in lowering cholesterol in the body. Derived from the herb, Ocimum basilicum, basil has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and cholesterol-lowering actions Basil define Basil is an annual, or sometimes perennial, herb used for its leaves plants can reach between 30 cm (0.98 ft) and 150 cm (4.9 ft) Its leaves are richly green and ovate, but otherwise come in a wide variety of sizes and shapes Basil grows a thick, central taproot. Its flowers are small and white History Basil has been around for over 4,000 years. Throughout history, basil was believed to have almost magical powers. It was used as an antidote for snake bites the ancient Egyptians used this herb for embalming. Today, basil is frequently referred to as the ‘King of Herbs’. It was also once known as the ‘herb of poverty’ because it was believed to provide protection to the poor. In India, this herb was considered a powerful protector. They planted it around their temples and placed it with the dead to protect them in the afterlife. Scientific classification Kingdom Plantae – Plants Subkingdom Tracheobionta – Vascular plants Superdivision Spermatophyta – Seed plants Division Magnoliophyta – Flowering plants Class Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons Subclass Asteridae Order Lamiales Family Lamiaceae – Mint family Genus Ocimum L.
    [Show full text]
  • Medicinal Plant Knowledge in Caribbean Basin
    Torres-Avilez et al. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine (2015) 11:18 DOI 10.1186/s13002-015-0008-4 JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE RESEARCH Open Access Medicinal plant knowledge in Caribbean Basin: a comparative study of Afrocaribbean, Amerindian and Mestizo communities Wendy Torres-Avilez1, Martha Méndez-González2*, Rafael Durán-García2, Isabelle Boulogne3 and Lionel Germosén-Robineau3 Abstract Background: The Caribbean Basin has complex biogeographical and cultural histories that have shaped its highly diverse botanical and cultural landscapes. As a result, the current ethnic composition of the Basin is a heterogeneous mixture including Amerindian, Afrocaribbean and a wide range of Mestizo populations. A comparison was done of the medicinal plant repertoires used by these groups to identify the proportion of native species they include and any differences between the groups. Methods: The TRAMIL program has involved application of ethnopharmacological surveys to gather data on the medicinal plants used for primary care in 55 locations the Caribbean Basin. Three Afrocaribbean, three Amerindian and three Mestizo communities were selected taking in account the Ethnic prevalence. Differences in native and exotic plant used by groups and between groups were done using contingency tables. Identification of differences in the numbers of native and exotic plants used within each group was done with a one sample Z -test for proportions. Similarity in medicinal species use was estimated using the Sørensen Similarity Index. Species use value (UV) was estimated and a principal components analysis (PCA) run to determine differences between groups. Results: The 1,753 plant records generated from the surveys of the nine communities included in the analysis covered 389 species from 300 genera and 98 families.
    [Show full text]
  • Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of the Essential Oils From
    An Acad Bras Cienc (2020) 92(1): e20180569 DOI 10.1590/0001-3765202020180569 Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências | Annals of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences Printed ISSN 0001-3765 I Online ISSN 1678-2690 www.scielo.br/aabc | www.fb.com/aabcjournal BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES Chemical composition and biological activities Running title:Biological activities of the essential oils from Vitex-agnus castus, of essential oils Ocimum campechianum and Ocimum carnosum Academy Section: Biological LARA P. RICARTE, GABRIELI P. BEZERRA, NIRLA R. ROMERO, HORLANDO C. DA Sciences SILVA, TELMA L.G. LEMOS, ANGELA M.C. ARRIAGA, PÉRICLES B. ALVES, MARCELO B. DOS SANTOS, GARDENIA C.G. MILITÃO, THIAGO D.S. SILVA, RAIMUNDO BRAZ-FILHO & GILVANDETE M.P. SANTIAGO e20180569 Abstract: The essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation from fresh leaves of Vitex agnus-castus and Ocimum campechianum, and from fresh inflorescences ofOcimum 92 carnosum were analysed by GC-FID and GC-MS. The major components of V. agnus-castus (1) 92(1) essential oil were identified as 1,8-cineole (47.9%), terpinyl α-acetate (11.6%), sabinene (11.2%) and caryophyllene oxide (9.7%), while in the O. campechianum essential oil were eugenol (72.1%), β-elemene (6.8%), (E)-caryophyllene (6.4%) and bicyclogermacrene (5.2%). Linalool (79.0%), α-epi-cadinol (5.4%), terpinen-4-ol (3.2%) and 1,8-cineole (2.8%) were the major constituents in the O. carnosum essential oil. The essential oils were subsequently evaluated for their larvicidal and cytotoxic activities. Larval bioassay against Aedes aegypti of V. agnus-castus, O. campechianum and O.
    [Show full text]
  • Essential Oils of Lamiaceae Family Plants As Antifungals
    biomolecules Review Essential Oils of Lamiaceae Family Plants as Antifungals Tomasz M. Karpi ´nski Department of Medical Microbiology, Pozna´nUniversity of Medical Sciences, Wieniawskiego 3, 61-712 Pozna´n,Poland; [email protected] or [email protected]; Tel.: +48-61-854-61-38 Received: 3 December 2019; Accepted: 6 January 2020; Published: 7 January 2020 Abstract: The incidence of fungal infections has been steadily increasing in recent years. Systemic mycoses are characterized by the highest mortality. At the same time, the frequency of infections caused by drug-resistant strains and new pathogens e.g., Candida auris increases. An alternative to medicines may be essential oils, which can have a broad antimicrobial spectrum. Rich in the essential oils are plants from the Lamiaceae family. In this review are presented antifungal activities of essential oils from 72 Lamiaceae plants. More than half of these have good activity (minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) < 1000 µg/mL) against fungi. The best activity (MICs < 100) have essential oils from some species of the genera Clinopodium, Lavandula, Mentha, Thymbra, and Thymus. In some cases were observed significant discrepancies between different studies. In the review are also shown the most important compounds of described essential oils. To the chemical components most commonly found as the main ingredients include β-caryophyllene (41 plants), linalool (27 plants), limonene (26), β-pinene (25), 1,8-cineole (22), carvacrol (21), α-pinene (21), p-cymene (20), γ-terpinene (20), and thymol (20). Keywords: Labiatae; fungi; Aspergillus; Cryptococcus; Penicillium; dermatophytes; β-caryophyllene; sesquiterpene; monoterpenes; minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) 1. Introduction Fungal infections belong to the most often diseases of humans.
    [Show full text]
  • Notes on Florida's Endangered and Threatened Plants 1
    NOTES ON FLORIDA'S ENDANGERED AND THREATENED PLANTS 1 Nancy C. Coile2 The Regulated Plant Index is based on information provided by the Endangered Plant Advisory Council (EPAC), a group of seven individuals who represent academic, industry, and environmental interests (Dr. Loran C. Anderson, Dr. Daniel F. Austin,. Mr. Charles D. D aniel III, Mr. David M . Drylie, Jr., Ms. Eve R. Hannahs, Mr. Richard L. Moyroud, and Dr. Daniel B. Ward). Rule Chap. 5B-40, Florida Administrative Code, contains the "Regulated Plant Index" (5B-40.0055) and lists endangered, threatened, and commercially exploited plant species for Florida; defines the categories; lists instances where permits may be issued; and describes penalties for vio lations. Copies of this Rule may be obtained from Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry, P. O. Box 147100, Gainesville, Fl 32614-7100. Amended 20 September 2000, the "Regulated Plant Index" contains 415 endangered species, 113 threatened species, and eight commercially exploited species. Descriptions of these rare species are often difficult to locate. Florida does not have a single manual covering the flora of the entire state. Long and Lakela s manual (1971) focuses on the area south of Glades County; Clewell (1985) is a guide for the Panhandle; and Wunderlin (1998) is a guide for the entire state of Florida but lacks descriptions. Small (1933) is an excellent resource, but must be used with great care since the nomenclature is outdated and frequently disputed. Clewell (1985) and Wunderlin (1998 ) are guides with keys to the flora, but lack species descriptions. Distribution maps (Wund erlin and Hansen, 200 0) are available over the Internet through the University of South Florida Herbarium [www.plantatlas.usf.edu/].
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 4 Phytomorph and Geomorph Identification ©
    1 Chapter 4 Phytomorph and Geomorph Identification © This Chapter is based on three published works: (1) a paper by Hugh O Neall (1944) that identifies two New World plants (sunflower and chili peppers) in the Voynich manuscript; (2) a paper of Tucker and Talbert (2013) which identified 39 plants in the Voynich as indigenous to the New World; (3) a paper by Tucker and Janick (2016) which extended the list to 59 species. Although many of the illustrations of the Voynich Codex on first blush could be considered bizarre or whimsical (See Figure in Chapter 14) most contain morphological structures which permit botanical identification. Many enthusiasts have attempted to analyze the plants of the Voynich Codex, but few are knowledgeable plant taxonomists or botanists, despite their large web presence. Most of the plant identification has been predicated on the conclusion that the Voynich is a 15th century European manuscript (Friedman 1962). The principal reports in a web report by non botanists Edith and Erica Sherwood (http:www.edithsherwood.comn/coyhnich_botanical_plants) who identifies he plants as Mediterranean based on their premise that Voynich is a 15th century Italian manuscript and claims to find signature of Leonardo da Vinci in voynich drawings. We respectfully disagree with both assertions. The first exception to the conclusion that the Voynich plants were European is a short remarkable 1944 paper in Speculum (a refereed journal of the Medieval Academy of America) by the distinguished plant taxonomist, the Rev./Dr. Hugh O’Neill (1894–1969), former Director of the Herbarium (official acronym LCU) at the Catholic University of America (CUA) in Washington, D.C.
    [Show full text]
  • Herbal Mixtures in the Traditional Medicine of Eastern Cuba
    Journal of Ethnopharmacology 90 (2004) 293–316 Herbal mixtures in the traditional medicine of Eastern Cuba Juan Hernández Cano a, Gabriele Volpato b,∗ a BIOECO, Centro Oriental de Ecosistemas y Biodiversidad, José A. Saco 601 esq. Barnada, 90100, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba b Laboratorio di Agroecologia ed Etnobiologia, Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Padova, Via U. Bassi, 58/b 35121 Padova, Italy Received 20 December 2002; received in revised form 3 January 2003; accepted 9 October 2003 Abstract Herbal mixtures in the traditional medicine of Eastern Cuba. Traditional herbal mixtures in Eastern Cuba are investigated through interviews with 130 knowledgeable people and traditional healers of the provinces of Santiago de Cuba and Guantánamo. One hundred seventy plant species and other products are used in 199 formulas, galones being the more complex. Cocos nucifera L. (Arecaceae), Bidens pilosa L. (Asteraceae), Cissus sicyoides L. (Vitaceae), Erythroxylum havanense Jacq. (Erythroxylaceae) and Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L.) Vahl. (Verbenaceae)are the species most frequently cited. The ecological distribution of the taxa and cultural and anthropological aspects of mixtures are highlighted; particularly American and African influences that have shaped local knowledge about plant combinations are discussed. © 2003 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Ethnobotany; Phytomedicine; Herbal mixtures; Eastern Cuba; Galones 1. Introduction groups (Guanche, 1983; Fuentes, 1984b; Rivero de la Calle, 1992; Núñez and González, 1999). This multi-ethnic legacy The study of ethnomedical systems and of plants as ther- has resulted in a rich pharmacopoeia, particularly in moun- apeutic agents is of paramount importance to addressing tainous areas of the eastern provinces of Cuba (Hernández, health problems of traditional communities and third world 1985, 2000).
    [Show full text]
  • Ocimum Gratissimum L
    The Pharma Innovation Journal 2017; 6(4): 181-186 ISSN (E): 2277- 7695 ISSN (P): 2349-8242 NAAS Rating 2017: 5.03 Pharmacological and physico-chemical properties of TPI 2017; 6(4): 181-186 © 2017 TPI Tulsi (Ocimum gratissimum L.): An updated review www.thepharmajournal.com Received: 19-02-2017 Accepted: 20-03-2017 Sheelu Monga, Pradeep Dhanwal, Ravinder Kumar, Anil Kumar and Sheelu Monga Vinod Chhokar Department of Bio & Nano Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Abstract Technology, Hisar, Haryana, Ocimum gratissimum, common name tulsi, is considered as a sacred plant and worshiped in India. It India belongs to family Lamiaceae. It is a valuable medicinal plant which has numbers of pharmacological properties. Antitumor and anti-cancer effects have been reported in in vitro experiments. It is also Pradeep Dhanwal recommended for treatment of diseases like bronchitis, bronchial asthma, diarrhea, dysentery chronic Department of Bio & Nano fever etc. Ocimum contains eugenol (1-hydroxy-2-methoxy-4-allylbenzene) which can be used for Technology, Guru Jambheshwar therapeutic purposes. Preclinical studies has revealed that certain compounds present in Ocimum like University of Science and rosmarinic acid, apigenin, myretenal, luteolin, ß-sitosterol and carnosic acid, have antioxidant properties. Technology, Hisar, Haryana, Contents of secondary metabolites can be increased with the help of different tissue culture techniques. India Availability of genome and transcriptome sequences can reveal the gene site of important secondary metabolite pathways. Ravinder Kumar Department of Bio & Nano Technology, Guru Jambheshwar Keywords: Ocimum gratissimum, medicinal plant, basil, essential oils, metabolites University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana, 1. Introduction India Ocimum gratissimum also called African basil, holy basil, clove basil or wild basil, is a valuable medicinal plant used since ancient times.
    [Show full text]
  • MEDICINAL PLANTS: CAN UTILIZATION and the SACRED MUSHROOM the CHEMISTRY of MIND­ CONSERVATION COEXIST? SEEKER Ed
    New Additions to ABC's Herbal Education Catalog NEW PHARMACY CE MODULE POPULAR HERBS IN Popul.tr l lcrbs m the US ~tarkc 1 THE U. S. MARKET: MIRACLE CURES by Jean THE GREEN PHARMACY THERAPEUTIC Carper. 1997. Documents the by James A. Duke. 1997. A-Z MONOGRAPHS by Mark latest findings from leading entries that include mare than Blumenthal and Chance scientific institutions, research 120 health conditions and Riggins. 1997. Continuing centers and major scores of natural remedies that education course for international scientific can replace or enhance costly pharmacists covering 26 journals, along with first­ pharmaceuticals. Up -to-date herbs popular in the mass person medically verified information and traditional folk market and pharmacies. accounts of people who have remedies in an authoritative, Includes proper use, safety, successfully cured themselves entertaining format . Hardcover, dosage and related the rapeutic information. Passing with natural medicines. 507 pp. $29.95. #B281 grade on test earns two hours of continuing Hardcover, 308 pp. $25. education credit. $15. #8 421 #8280 PHYTOTHERAPYIN Heinz Sc:blldter HERB PAEDIATRICS HERB AUSTRALIAN TEA TREE OIL by Heinz ~ Pln1otltergv Schilcher. 1997. As only some of CONTRAINDICATIONS AND GUIDE by Cynthia Olsen. 1997. AND DRUG DRUG INTERAOIONS 3rd edition. Contains up-to-date in Paedimia the many diseases of infants and INTERACTIONS young children can be treated by by by Francis Brinker, N.D. 1997. clinical research into tea tree oil's Handbooltlor phytotherapy, th is book is Francis Brinker, Information on 181 traditional effectiveness against conditions --- intended as an addition to N.D. therapeutic herbs explaining including acne, herpes, candida, synthetic drug therapy rather documented contraindications bleeding gums and more.
    [Show full text]
  • Larvicidal Activity of Ocimum Campechianum, Ocotea Quixos and Piper Aduncum Essential Oils Against Aedes Aegypti
    Parasite 26, 23 (2019) Ó L. Scalvenzi et al., published by EDP Sciences, 2019 https://doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2019024 Available online at: www.parasite-journal.org RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS Larvicidal activity of Ocimum campechianum, Ocotea quixos and Piper aduncum essential oils against Aedes aegypti Laura Scalvenzi1, Matteo Radice1, Luciano Toma3, Francesco Severini3, Daniela Boccolini3, Antonino Bella3, Alessandra Guerrini2, Massimo Tacchini2, Gianni Sacchetti2, Matteo Chiurato2, Roberto Romi3, and Marco Di Luca3,* 1 Department of Earth Sciences, Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Km 2½ Via Puyo-Tena, 160150 Puyo, Ecuador 2 Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology (SVeB), University of Ferrara, P.le Chiappini, 3, Malborghetto di Boara, 44123 Ferrara, Italy 3 Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health (Istituto Superiore di Sanità, ISS), V.le Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy Received 28 October 2018, Accepted 2 April 2019, Published online 17 April 2019 Abstract – Aedes aegypti, the main arbovirus vector of the Yellow fever, Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika viruses, is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas throughout the world. Preventive control efforts have been imple- mented worldwide aimed at reducing its impact on human health. The recent reduction of chemicals available for vector control due to their negative impact on the environment and human health and the increase in mosquito resis- tance to insecticides have driven the research community to identify and evaluate sustainable alternatives to synthetic insecticides. In this study, the potential larvicidal effect of essential oils extracted from Ocimum campechianum, Ocotea quixos and Piper aduncum were tested in vitro. GC and GC–MS analyses showed that the main compounds were eugenol (18%), 1,8-cineole (39%) and dillapiole (48%), respectively.
    [Show full text]
  • Escuela Superior Politécnica De Chimborazo Facultad De Ciencias Escuela De Bioquímica Y Farmacia
    ] ESCUELA SUPERIOR POLITÉCNICA DE CHIMBORAZO FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ESCUELA DE BIOQUÍMICA Y FARMACIA “ESTUDIO ETNOBOTÁNICO Y FARMACOGNÓSTICO DE ESPECIES VEGETALES EN LA ISLA DE MUISNE (ESMERALDAS)” Portada Trabajo de titulación presentado para obtener el grado académico de: BIOQUÍMICA FARMACÉUTICA AUTORA: VALERIA FABIOLA ZAPATA GARCÍA TUTORA: M.S.c. KAREN ACOSTA Riobamba-Ecuador 2017 © 2017, VALERIA FABIOLA ZAPATA GARCÍA Se autoriza la reproducción total o parcial, con fines académicos, por cualquier medio o procedimiento, incluyendo la cita bibliográfica del documento, siempre y cuando se reconozca el Derecho de Autor ii ESCUELA SUPERIOR POLITÉCNICA DE CHIMBORAZO FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ESCUELA DE BIOQUÍMICA Y FARMACIA El Tribunal de Trabajo de Titulación certifica que el trabajo de investigación: “ESTUDIO ETNOBOTÁNICO Y FARMACOGNÓSTICO DE ESPECIES VEGETALES EN LA ISLA DE MUISNE (ESMERALDAS)”, de responsabilidad de la señorita, Valeria Fabiola Zapata García ha sido minuciosamente revisado por los Miembros del Tribunal de titulación, quedando autorizada su presentación FIRMA FECHA M.Sc. Karen Acosta _______________ ____________ DIRECTOR DEL TRABAJO DE TITULACIÒN Dra. Susana Abdo _______________ ____________ MIEMBRO DEL TRIBUNAL iii Yo, Valeria Fabiola Zapata García declaro que el presente trabajo de titulación es de mi autoría y que los resultados del mismo son auténticos y originales. Los textos constantes en el documento que provienen de otra fuente están debidamente citados y referenciados. Como autor, asumo la responsabilidad legal y académica de los contenidos de este trabajo de titulación. ______________________________ Valeria Fabiola Zapata García 080342891-1 iv DEDICATORIA A Dios, quien me acompaño día a día a enfrentar las adversidades que se presentan en la vida; a mi madre, abuelos, hermano y a una persona muy especial, que en cada instante me brindaron su apoyo incondicional y supieron guiarme por un buen camino.
    [Show full text]
  • Anesthetic Agents of Plant Origin: a Review of Phytochemicals with Anesthetic Activity
    molecules Review Anesthetic Agents of Plant Origin: A Review of Phytochemicals with Anesthetic Activity Hironori Tsuchiya Department of Dental Basic Education, Asahi University School of Dentistry, 1851 Hozumi, Mizuho, Gifu 501-0296, Japan; [email protected]; Tel.: +81-58-329-1266 Received: 13 June 2017; Accepted: 17 August 2017; Published: 18 August 2017 Abstract: The majority of currently used anesthetic agents are derived from or associated with natural products, especially plants, as evidenced by cocaine that was isolated from coca (Erythroxylum coca, Erythroxylaceae) and became a prototype of modern local anesthetics and by thymol and eugenol contained in thyme (Thymus vulgaris, Lamiaceae) and clove (Syzygium aromaticum, Myrtaceae), respectively, both of which are structurally and mechanistically similar to intravenous phenolic anesthetics. This paper reviews different classes of phytochemicals with the anesthetic activity and their characteristic molecular structures that could be lead compounds for anesthetics and anesthesia-related drugs. Phytochemicals in research papers published between 1996 and 2016 were retrieved from the point of view of well-known modes of anesthetic action, that is, the mechanistic interactions with Na+ channels, γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptors, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors and lipid membranes. The searched phytochemicals include terpenoids, alkaloids and flavonoids because they have been frequently reported to possess local anesthetic, general anesthetic, antinociceptive, analgesic or sedative property. Clinical applicability of phytochemicals to local and general anesthesia is discussed by referring to animal in vivo experiments and human pre-clinical trials. This review will give structural suggestions for novel anesthetic agents of plant origin. Keywords: phytochemical; local anesthetic; general anesthetic; plant origin; pharmacological mechanism; lead compound 1.
    [Show full text]