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— Il Viaggio in Armenia Dall'antichità Ai Giorni Nostri e-ISSN 2610-9433 IL VIAGGIO IN ARMENIAIL VIAGGIO Eurasiatica ISSN 2610-8879 Quaderni di studi su Balcani, Anatolia, Iran, Caucaso e Asia Centrale 17 — Il viaggio in Armenia HAROUTYUNIAN, LUCCA HAROUTYUNIAN, FERRARI, Dall’antichità ai giorni nostri a cura di Aldo Ferrari, Sona Haroutyunian, Paolo Lucca Edizioni Ca’Foscari Il viaggio in Armenia Eurasiatica Serie diretta da Aldo Ferrari Stefano Riccioni 17 Eurasiatica Quaderni di studi su Balcani, Anatolia, Iran, Caucaso e Asia Centrale Direzione scientifica Aldo Ferrari (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Stefano Riccioni (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Comitato scientifico Michele Bacci (Universität Freiburg, Schweiz) Giampiero Bellingeri (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Levon Chookaszian (Yerevan State University, Armenia) Patrick Donabédian (Université d’Aix-Marseille, CNRS UMR 7298, France) Valeria Fiorani Piacentini (Università Cattolica del Sa- cro Cuore, Milano, Italia) Ivan Foletti (Masarikova Univerzita, Brno, Česká republika) Gianfranco Giraudo (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Annette Hoffmann (Kunsthistorisches Institut in Florenz, Deutschland) Christina Maranci (Tuft University, Medford, MA, USA) Aleksander Nau- mow (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Antonio Panaino (Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Italia) Antonio Rigo (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Adriano Rossi (Università degli Studi di Napoli «L’Orientale», Italia) Federica Rossi (Kunsthistorisches Institut in Florenz, Deutschland) Erick Thunø (Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA) Cristina Tonghini (Uni- versità Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Gerhard Wolf (Kunsthistorisches Institut in Florenz, Deutschland) Boghos Levon Zekiyan (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Comitato di redazione Giorgio Comai (Osservatorio Balcani e Caucaso Transeuropa/Centro per la Cooperazione In- ternazionale, Italia) Simone Cristoforetti (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Carlo Frappi (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia) Matthias Kappler (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Paolo Lucca (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia) Gianclaudio Macchiarella † (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Stefano Pellò (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Marco Ruffilli (Universitè de Génève, Suisse) Beatrice Spampinato (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Vittorio Tomelleri (Università degli Studi di Macerata, Italia) Maria Aimé Villano (Università di Verona, Italia) Direzione e redazione Dipartimento di Studi sull’Asia e sull’Africa Mediterranea Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia Ca’ Cappello, San Polo 2035 30125 Venezia [email protected] e-ISSN 2610-9433 ISSN 2610-8879 URL http://edizionicafoscari.unive.it/it/edizioni/collane/eurasiatica/ Il viaggio in Armenia Dall’antichità ai nostri giorni a cura di Aldo Ferrari, Sona Haroutyunian, Paolo Lucca Venezia Edizioni Ca’ Foscari - Digital Publishing 2021 Il viaggio in Armenia. Dall’antichità ai nostri giorni a cura di Aldo Ferrari, Sona Haroutyunian, Paolo Lucca © 2021 Aldo Ferrari, Sona Haroutyunian, Paolo Lucca per il testo © 2021 Edizioni Ca’ Foscari - Digital Publishing per la presente edizione cb Quest’opera è distribuita con Licenza Creative Commons Attribuzione 4.0 Internazionale This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License Qualunque parte di questa pubblicazione può essere riprodotta, memorizzata in un sistema di recupero dati o trasmessa in qualsiasi forma o con qualsiasi mezzo, elettronico o meccanico, senza autorizzazione, a condizione che se ne citi la fonte. Any part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means without permission provided that the source is fully credited. Certificazione scientifica delle Opere pubblicate da Edizioni Ca’ Foscari - Digital Publishing: tutti i saggi pubblicati hanno ottenuto il parere favorevole da parte di valutatori esperti della materia, attraverso un processo di revisione doppia anonima, sotto la responsabilità del Comitato scientifico della collana. La valutazione è stata condotta in aderenza ai criteri scientifici ed editoriali di Edizioni Ca’ Foscari, ricorrendo all’utilizzo di apposita piattaforma. Scientific certification of the works published by Edizioni Ca’ Foscari - Digital Publishing: all essays published in this volume have received a favourable evalutation by subject- matter experts, through a double blind peer review process under the responsibility of the Scientific Committee of the series. The evaluations were conducted in adherence to the sci- entific and editorial criteria established by Edizioni Ca’ Foscari, using a dedicated platform. Edizioni Ca’ Foscari - Digital Publishing Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari | Dorsoduro 3246 | 30123 Venezia https://edizionicafoscari.unive.it | [email protected] 1a edizione luglio 2021 ISBN 978-88-6969-497-4 [ebook] ISBN 978-88-6969-498-1 [print] Stampato per conto di Edizioni Ca’ Foscari - Digital Publishing, Venice nel mese di luglio 2021 da Skillpress, Fossalta di Portogruaro, Venezia Printed in Italy Il viaggio in Armenia. Dall’antichità ai nostri giorni / a cura di Aldo Ferrari, Sona Ha- routyunian, Paolo Lucca — 1. ed. — Venezia: Edizioni Ca’ Foscari - Digital Publishing, 2021. — 184 pp.; 23 cm. — (Eurasiatica; 17). — ISBN 978-88-6969-498-1. URL http://edizionicafoscari.unive.it/it/edizioni/libri/978-88-6969-498-5/ DOI http://doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-497-4 Il viaggio in Armenia Dall’antichità ai nostri giorni a cura di Aldo Ferrari, Sona Haroutyunian, Paolo Lucca Sommario Viaggi e avventure nelle terre d’Armenia Antonia Arslan 7 De la Grande Arménie à la Cilicie, voyager dans le monde arménien médiéval (XIe-XIVe siècle) Isabelle Augé 11 Viaggiatori e viaggi veneti nelle Armenie, e narrazioni raccolte a Venezia Giampiero Bellingeri 23 Cleansing the Christian Vineyard Dominican Missions to the Armenian Catholic Diocese of Naxiǰewan in the 1610s-1630s Paolo Lucca 39 Regards croisés de voyageurs occidentaux sur le site de Gaṙni Anahide Kéfélian 63 Il viaggio di padre Nersēs Sargisean nelle terre dell’Armenia storica: 1843-1853 Sona Haroutyunian 91 Parrot’s Journey to Mount Ararat: Some Observations Klaus Geus 107 The Buxtons’ Missionary Visit to Armenia Naira Gasparyan, Seda Gasparyan 117 Indagine delle radici ebraiche nei Viaggi in Armenia di Osip Mandel’štam e Jurij Karabčievskij Sofi Hakobyan 129 Kemal Yalçin: Opening Silenced Memories, Seeing the Invisible Gaiane Muradian 149 Per un ‘testo armeno’ della letteratura russa Irina Marchesini 163 Profili bio-bibliografici 179 Il viaggio in Armenia Dall’antichità ai nostri giorni a cura di Aldo Ferrari, Sona Haroutyunian, Paolo Lucca Viaggi e avventure nelle terre d’Armenia Antonia Arslan Università degli Studi di Padova, Italia Viaggiare, esplorare, ricordare, far conoscere: ecco i verbi che defi- niscono il perimetro in cui si muovono le ricerche presentate in que- sto libro, uno scrigno prezioso che non finisce di affascinare il letto- re. Aldo Ferrari, Sona Haroutyunian e Paolo Lucca hanno intitolato Il viaggio in Armenia. Dall’antichità ai nostri giorni una raccolta di accurate indagini su viaggi effettivamente compiuti da personaggi diversissimi fra loro, in epoche diversissime: mercanti veneziani e monaci domenicani, due aristocratici inglesi e un celebre scienziato tedesco, un mechitarista, uno scrittore turco... Dal Medioevo ad oggi si intrecciano gli studi degli autori, che af- frontano tematiche e argomenti assai diversi l’uno dall’altro ma che finiscono per risultare complementari, e vanno a comporre un colo- rato affresco, ricco di tasselli inediti che completano vividamente le nostre conoscenze. E allora viaggiamo insieme in Armenia, questo ‘luogo dell’anima’ misteriosamente presente da millenni nell’immaginario occidentale: il paese della grande montagna, l’Ararat dove Noè approdò con la sua arca e si inventò il vino; del lago di Van, dove i gatti nuotatori han- no gli occhi di diverso colore e l’acqua spumeggiante fa sbiancare le pecore; dei castelli e degli arcieri immortali, dei monasteri grandio- si e delle croci di pietra traforata come un merletto... Perché molte sono le bellezze di quella terra e di quel popolo mite e fantasticante, come molte sono le sventure a cui è andato incontro, fino al genoci- dio negato, e quindi, come è stato ben detto, infinito. 7 Antonia Arslan Viaggi e avventure nelle terre d’Armenia Quella che ancora chiamiamo Armenia è una piccola nazione sulle montagne del Caucaso, senza sbocchi sul mare, minacciata da ogni parte; ma la maggior parte degli armeni oggi vive in diaspora. Tutta- via, essi esistono: e una gran parte della loro capacità di resistenza risiede – forse – proprio nella duttilità esistenziale e nella praticità mercantile con cui, dovunque è stato loro possibile, hanno piantato radici, pur sempre consapevoli che erano provvisorie, perché il viag- gio della vita li poteva portare altrove. E questo spiega anche l’apertura all’ospite e alla sua cultura che li ha sempre contraddistinti, e che si segue bene nei saggi di questo libro. Isabelle Augé accompagna il lettore nell’andirivieni di mona- ci ed ecclesiastici fra il regno di Cilicia e i territori armeni d’Orien- te, mentre Giampiero Bellingieri esplora con mille gustosi dettagli le storie dei tanti viaggi di veneti ‘nelle Armenie’. Del surreale tempio di Garni, inaspettata visione di architettura romana in un contesto caucasico, si occupa invece Anahide Kéfélian, attraverso gli occhi, la cultura e i preconcetti dei visitatori ottocenteschi; mentre Sona Haroutyunian
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