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Religious Elements in the Works of John Steinbeck Religious elements in the works of John Steinbeck Item Type text; Thesis-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Bailey, Frances June, 1929- Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 03/10/2021 19:54:27 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/318852 RELIGIOUS; .ELEMENTS JN THE WORKS OP 'JOHN STEINBE3K . Pram©s June Balley . i. Lhesl s Submitted to th,©: Pabulty of the - DEPARTMENT- OF ENGLISH ■ In Partial" PulTlTTiqiSnt'' of 1 th© R,eq-ul rementa: - ..For t Ho,, t) ©s r e e of ; , " ' MASTER W i ARTS . ; > ' ■ , : . ;. .In - thelGraduate Go'll eg©. • UNIVERSITY OF .ARIZONA': STATEMENT BY AUTHOR This th esis has been submitted in partial f u l f i l l ­ ment of requirements for an advanced degree at the University of Arizona and is deposited in the University Library to be made available to borrowers under rules of the Library. Brief quotations from this thesis are allowable without special permission, provided that accurate ac­ knowledgment of source is made. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this manuscript in whole or in part may be granted by the head of the major department or the Dean of the Graduate College when in their judgment the proposed use of the material is in the interests of scholarship. In all other instances, however, permission must be obtained from the author. SIGNED: APPROVAL BY THESIS DIRECTOR This thesis has been approved on the date shown below: J . tf.<flUOGINS Date Assistant Professor of English TABLE OF OONTEHTS o d o © O O 0 O o o O 0- 0 o O O o © O O o O O o 0 o O O o o o O o O O O O o c> © O © o o o O oo oi- Chapter,.' - . Io WITH RELIGIOUS ]&!S2SCK3^[jL3^[()lK#*,*,», * *,», *,,, *1 II o RmieiOUS A8PK: ia OF ' THE CRAmOTERB, © © © © ©, © © © © © ©13 . I l l * . RELIGIOUS' IDEAS. IE [THE; THIKGSo »© o © © © © © *.o © © * © * © © ©32 Hatred o f lWHLdUa]L<3=(3i.3i8i3 M orality © © © * © © * * © * © © ©©32 0 ox tho laxxcl © © © © © © © o © © <> © © © © © © © © © © © © o © © © © ©4i*6 Ra^r ©r 0Xio © f or Ixf ©o©,©. ©ooo.©©©©©©©©©©©,©©©©©©©© oo3 -R©11 {^1 oxis 3 aorlfio ©©• © © © o © © o © © o © © © © © © <> © © © © © © © ©5 ^ * O' O O^,, aX3.d, JSaff S. 1 O o o ood © o 0 © oo odooo © d o o x> a e o o 6 © O o o 06,^) D 0attx axxd Immox^talit^* © © © © © o © © © © © ©«o © ©»® © © © © © ©^8 iv o/ o om m pom m o s WITH PHiLOsomio Ai SYSTEMS © ©. © © © 085 Traxiso 0xxd©xit all sm © © © © © ©©©<>© © © o © © .© © © © © © © © © © © © ©88 H at tzral 1 os. © © © © © © © © © © © © © © ©, © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © H x%inaxx% sm© © © © © © © © © © © © ;© © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © 1 0 5 V © HI OC^RilJPHlO j^JL* DA. I-A. © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © ©©©©oooo© © © © o H 5 Vl-O 0 01$W XjDSIOR o. o °: o © o o o © o o t> o o o o o © o o.o o & o o o o o o © o © o o 0 0 ©1 2 ^1* BI Blil OG’Rjl.HHY O O 0 0 O O © O 0 O 0 O © O O o © © © o © © O. 0 0 O o 0*0 O d © © o © d. O 0 O O O 0JL.3 5 PREFACE , Through his grandfather, Samuel3 in East of Eden dohn Bteihhddk dedlanes, :'HC-fve me a used. Bible and I w ill, ± ;''th l^ j:-ihe-'a^l.e..;tdv^.teli:.':you about a man by the- places that are edged with the dirt of seeking fingers,."^ ’ V It would; be helpful to see Steinbeck Vs Bible, which Peter Li sea affirms that he has much used,2 but since this is not possible, we shall have to try to learn about this man by studying his works; and surely much of a man is poured. out in the creative process to. bec.ome a part of the creatio n s 'tA'" ;--'v.".,.- f .. \ , : ' It is the purpose of this study to identify and ' analyze religious elements-' in th e works, '-of John Steinbeck -' in an effort to determine the underlying phiIpsophy of the "author:, 'ah 'i t ' .1 s ’ ekpreesed ' in his works 1- The words 11 re ll- gious" and " religion11 are used, broadly and include attitudes and;.ldeaa cOneerhing; good.iand ovil, free will and deter-'; mini sin s death and immortality, the nature, of the universe, -and man' s . plac e in- i t , -' and ...the ; cone ept- and worshi p of G-od ; ^john'B telnbeck,; East, of Eden .(-Mew York: The -Viking - , . "2Peter Lisca, "John Stelnbeckg $, Literary-Biography ,,:l Steinbeck and His .Gri11 cs , ' ed.. E,, Wo Tedlock, ’ J r <, and "C <,. V, .•W'iGk.dh;;-:TSih.hquerou.@s-'.\Whiye.rsity.'-;hf'''^ew';-Me3ci0o'.-P.r:esSi 195T)t' - ;h'yt -''v . , As Harry Thorrit'oii Moore states in his critical study. The Hovels, of John Steinbeck1, A man like Steinbeck presents a difficult combina- ti on to ,find th e key id, with " hi s bourgeoi s-childhood backgroundp his discernible cultivation, and his pro- . letarian sympathies, "He can not only write strong yet , . delicate prose^ but he can also go to any sun-blazed'• "Califpynia ranch and win the admiration of the workers ■ . bucking-grain, in the .fields . r • To this man and his works we now turn our attention in- an effort to find at. le a st. one" key g if not, the key, When • I attribute a .passage to, Steinbeck. wi thout naming a character ' as the speaker, th e reader is to' 'assume th at Steinbeck makes these statements, directly as an author expressing hi s "own • v sentim ents, 1' - " , ' , ' . ' ' Aside, from his works 9 themselves 0 t fa e book« St el nb eok ■ ; ■ and His C ritics, which is a" collection of twenty-five years ’ of . c ritic i sm of Steinbeck^': has been my chi ef and most valu­ able .sOurce, I also am indebted to Mr, Steinbeck, who sent to ' me some inf ormati on. abbut his family that I was . unable to find elsewhere, . • , "-^Harry T. Moore, The Hovels of John Steinbeck (Ohj- oagog Horinandie Housep 19597? P= 87? . ; i i • Bamial. .'HsmilteiV .grandf ath.@r of John St elnti eekp apeak a th ese words i& East of Ed en during, a eonver sat Ion'with Adamg fathe of the twinsp. amd L@® 9 th e , 0 bines @ s©rvan:t c when they ’ are , . fco name the hahiego They turn to the Bible This sentiment expressed /bj •Samuel was probably on© that.. was held, b y : hi a. own fam ily * On© of Samuel" a song: was .named Tom .( the uncle beloved' and Idolited by- John Steinbeck] and another son was named.. Joseph„ Samuel” s daughters .Olive Hamilton Steihbeok8 named" her children Johna Mary 9 Elisabeth and Esther^ . John Steinbeck” s two boys are. named Tom "and Johno , vfts the fam ily used B ib lic a l names f r e e ly 9 and as Steinbeck- Is very familiar with the Bible0 it 1 is- not surprl= &galn in his novels-, Steiribeekp East of Men- (Hew Yorks The Viking po 264'o ..seems ;>© lOTe/hia own nameP Jo Imp . SeelSe to/msa©' tb.eir son Joba. in $©..4 mkmeW c ifefe :sa|'g.s) ”Ha^e: you. no ti e e&.5f J o s @pb.8 J oWm. are pel then good .©n hmdp neven mentnalf .IC. a neutral he doesn' t keep it& He beeomea JaokoM^ I t i s then© :are no Jacks, la Steln= i®. are .©f foreign .nationality or -extrac.fioa0 Examples _ - Juan in' the Eor= 4 'Bayes th e I l f ®/®f; h is s i s t e r and: i s p as a resultp.turned out of his horn©■toy his Juan. Totias in : She Pearly, who befriends. to.rother and S of wisdom„ and Juanito in To. Unknowns 1 mature Is, akin- to. t as good , or heroic, mo John, Whiteside.,;' whose story ©Gcurs la . aao He attei Steintoeeky: 10 World , Oh p-p. W ^ J t p» 15$. §t©intoeckp The Wayward .Bus (lew Torkg The: ^Jdhn .8t©Intoecko.. The Eom ottea V illage (He% : ,4 Yorks The Viking ■o .Pastures of few,. and. [email protected] t93% T e .: dream of bis father for, a dynasty and falls through, no fault of -his own,.: , ' OoGaslonally Stelribeok deplots characters with, the haiDe of John who are-, mentally d 1 stur.b ed, 1 Unole John In ,fhe drapes of Wrath feels responsible for the death of his wife because he failed to. get a doctor when she wa,s ill; conse­ quently » he 1s possessed with a profound.sense of guilt and •sinf ulness which had'left him unbalanc ed , J ohn;Ba,ttle In ; The'Pastures ■ of Heaven 1 s 'describe'd las a lunatic whos in a mads., religious, frenzy j, tries to drive the devil from a snake *and::vis kl-llfd by It as a result „ Johnny -Bear9 in a story ' by that name in The Long Valleyt^: is an idiot who parrots con<= v ersati.ons -;Wi th o u t;.any understanding 'Of .what' ,he I s say in g ,: He performs for free whiskey. In any. ease, most, of. Stein^ b ech.' s J ohns are • sens'i tive peopl ew h eth er they are . noble or deranged. I::' ;,:-y : : y:'.;1;; .
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