Geography a Unit 1: Geographical Skills and Challenges

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Centre Number Candidate Number Edexcel GCSE Geography A Unit 1: Geographical Skills and Challenges

Foundation Tier Friday 20 January 2012 – Afternoon Paper Reference Time: 1 hour 5GA1F/01

You must have: Total Marks Resource Booklet (enclosed) Ordnance Survey Map Extract (enclosed)

Instructions t Use black ink or ball-point pen. t Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name, centre number and candidate number. t Answer all questions. t Answer the questions in the spaces provided – there may be more space than you need. Information t The total mark for this paper is 50. t The marks for each question are shown in brackets – use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question. t Questions labelled with an asterisk (*) are ones where the quality of your written communication will be assessed – you should take particular care on these questions with your spelling, punctuation and grammar, as well as the clarity of expression. Advice t Read each question carefully before you start to answer it. t Keep an eye on the time. t Try to answer every question. t Check your answers if you have time at the end. Turn over P39859A *P39859A0116* ©2012 Pearson Education Ltd. 5/6/7/4 SECTION A – GEOGRAPHICAL SKILLS

Answer ALL questions in this section

Some questions must be answered with a cross in a box . If you change your mind about an answer, put a line through the box and then mark your new answer with a cross . 1 (a) Look at the Ordnance Survey (OS) map extract of South Devon and Figure 1a (photograph) in the Resource Booklet. The photograph was taken at 860480. The photograph was taken looking in a south-westerly direction.

(i) Name the village shown at E. (1) A Stoke Fleming B Strete C Kingsbridge D Merrifield (ii) In which grid square is Forest Cove? (1) A 4684 B 8546 C 8446 D 4685 (iii) What is the name of the point shown at F? (1) A Matthew’s Point B Forest Point C Pilchard Point D Blackpool Point

2 *P39859A0216* (b) Complete the table to provide information about two rivers on the OS map extract. Use some of the words and numbers in the box below.

822442 832453 7839 7939

mixed woodland coniferous woodland

South Allington Slapton

(4)

River flowing into River flowing into Slapton Ley Lannacombe Bay

Mouth 803372

Source 7847

Vegetation close to the Grassland river

Settlement close to the Colehanger river

3 *P39859A0316* Turn over (c) Look again at the Ordnance Survey (OS) map extract. A family who are staying at Torcross (8242) wish to drive to Salcombe (7338). Plan their route. Start by finding Torcross. (i) Which road will they travel on at the start of their journey from Torcross? (1) A A381 B A397 C A318 D A379 (ii) On their journey they will pass through several settlements. Number the settlements in the table by putting them into the correct order for the journey. Two have been done for you. (2)

Name of settlement Order on route

Chillington 2

Kingsbridge

West Charleton 3

Malborough

West Alvington

Stokenham

4 *P39859A0416* (d) Look at the OS map extract and Figure 1b (photograph) of Slapton Ley in the Resource Booklet. Photograph 1b was taken in grid square 8241. Figure 1c is an incomplete sketch of the photograph.

Key Road P Car park PC Public convenience

Figure 1c

Complete the sketch by adding the following features: (4)

t UIFPVUMJOFPG4MBQUPO-FZ t UIFCBS CFBDI Using the key provided, label the following features in the correct positions on the sketch:

t UIFDBSQBSLBU5PSDSPTT t UIFQVCMJDDPOWFOJFODFBU4MBQUPO4BOET

(Total for Question 1 = 14 marks)

5 *P39859A0516* Turn over 2 (a) Look at Figure 2. It shows the population densities of some parishes in South Devon.

Stoke Fleming

East Allington Strete

Frogmore and Slapton Sherford N

Start Bay

Charleton Stokenham Key Number of people South Kingsbridge per hectare Pool estuary 0.1 – 0.3

East Portlemouth 0.4 – 0.6

0.7 – 0.9 Chivelstone

Figure 2 (i) Complete Figure 2. Use the data in the table below. (2)

Population density Parish (number of people per hectare)

Frogmore and Sherford 0.4

Chivelstone 0.2 6 *P39859A0616* (ii) Describe the pattern of population density shown on Figure 2. Use population density data in your answer. (4)

......

(iii) Figure 2 is a choropleth map. One advantage of using a choropleth map to display this data is that it shows (1)

A the population density at a specific point the population density for an area on the map a gradual change in population density over an area the parishes of South Devon

7 *P39859A0716* Turn over (b) Geographical Information Systems (GIS) could be used to display the population data in Figure 2. (i) What are Geographical Information Systems (GIS)? (2)

......

(ii) GIS is used by web mapping sites on the internet.

Describe one way that you have used GIS. (2)

......

(Total for Question 2 = 11 marks)

TOTAL FOR SECTION A = 25 MARKS

8 *P39859A0816* BLANK PAGE

Turn over for Question 3

9 *P39859A0916* Turn over SECTION B – CHALLENGES FOR THE PLANET

Answer ALL questions in this section 3 (a) Look at Figure 3. It shows some of the factors that have caused climate change in the last 10,000 years.

Orbital geometry Tectonic activity

World’s climate

Solar output Volcanic activity

Figure 3 (i) Volcanic eruptions cause climate change by releasing large amounts of (1) A sulphur dioxide B oxygen C carbon dioxide D sulphuric acid

10 *P39859A01016* (ii) During the last 10,000 years at times the climate became colder because the energy from the sun (solar output) (1) A increased B decreased C doubled D became stronger (iii) The climate of the world is warmer when the Earth’s orbit around the sun is (1) A elliptical B circular C spherical D diagonal (iv) The movement of the continents caused by plate movement can lead to climate change because it affects the movement of (1) A animals B waves C people D ocean currents

11 *P39859A01116* Turn over (v) Complete the sentences to explain some causes of climate change. Use some of the words in the box below. (5)

increased decreased rice wheat

western northern meat methane

The population of countries such as China has ...... therefore

more ...... is being grown.

There has been an increase in demand for ...... style diets.

This means that more cattle are being reared for ......

Cattle release ...... as they digest their food.

(b) Describe one response to climate change on a global scale. (3)

......

(Total for Question 3 = 12 marks)

12 *P39859A01216* BLANK PAGE

Turn over for Question 4

13 *P39859A01316* Turn over 4 (a) Look at Figure 4. It shows some effects of resource extraction in tropical rainforest areas.

Logging in Cameroon. Logging has opened up the forest. Animals such as Gold and copper elephants and gorillas are being hunted. mining in Indonesia. Local people work in the sawmills. They are not The waste material is given protection from the toxic products which are dumped into the River sprayed on the wood to preserve it from fungus. Aghawaghon.

Oil extraction in Ecuador. Hydrocarbons are concentrated in the river water. The local people drink the river water. This has caused many people to suffer from stomach cancer. Many plants such as the periwinkle which can be used to cure childhood leukaemia are being lost forever.

Figure 4 (i) Hydrocarbons in river water in Ecuador cause the local people to suffer from (1) A malnutrition B fungal diseases C leukaemia D stomach cancer

14 *P39859A01416* (ii) Outline one effect of resource extraction on the environment in tropical rainforest areas. Use evidence from Figure 4 in your answer. (2)

......

(iii) Outline how resource extraction from tropical rainforest areas is being managed. Use examples in your answer. (4)

......

15 *P39859A01516* Turn over *(b) Explain how large organisations are becoming more sustainable. Use examples in your answer. (6)

......

(Total for Question 4 = 13 marks)

TOTAL FOR SECTION B = 25 MARKS TOTAL FOR PAPER = 50 MARKS

Every effort has been made to contact copyright holders to obtain their permission for the use of copyright material. Edexcel, a product of Pearson Education Ltd. will, if notified, be happy to rectify any errors or omission and include any such rectifications in future editions. 16 *P39859A01616* Edexcel GCSE Geography A Unit 1: Geographical Skills and Challenges

Paper 1F Friday 20 January 2012 – Afternoon Paper Reference Resource Booklet 5GA1F/01

Do not return the resource booklet with the question paper.

Information This Resource Booklet contains photographs needed for use with the Unit 1: Geographical Skills and Challenges examination. This Resource Booklet is for use with the foundation tier paper only.

Turn over

Figure 1a

2 P39859A Figure 1b

3 P39859A BLANK PAGE

4 P39859A SOUTH DEVON 1:50 000 Scale Extract No 1907/202 Landranger Series

P39859A / P39860A Four colours should appear above; if not then please return to the invigilator.

Four colours should appear above; if not then please return to the invigilator.

2 2

69 88

000m 000m 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 049000m 049000m ROADS AND PATHS Not necessarily rights of way TOURIST INFORMATION

Junction number Camp site / caravan site Service area Elevated Motorway (dual carriageway) Garden M1 Unfenced Golf course or links Primary Route (recommended through route) 48 48 A 470 Dual carriageway Information centre (all year / seasonal) Main road A 493 Footbridge Nature reserve Road under construction Parking, Park and ride (all year / seasonal)

Secondary road Picnic site B 4518 Narrow road with passing places Recreation / leisure / sports centre 47 47 A 855 Bridge B 885 Road generally more than 4m wide Selected places of tourist interest

Road generally less than 4m wide Telephone, public / roadside assistance Viewpoint Path / Other road, drive or track Gradient: steeper than 20% (1 in 5), Visitor centre 46 46 14% to 20% (1 in 7 to 1 in 5) Walks / Trails Gates, Road tunnel World Heritage site or area Ferry P Ferry V Ferry (passenger), Ferry (vehicle) Youth hostel 45 45 RAILWAYS LAND FEATURES

Track multiple or single Bridges, footbridge Electricity transmission line (pylons shown at standard spacing) Track under construction Level crossing LC Pipe line Siding Viaduct, embankment (arrow indicates direction of flow) ruin 44 44 Tunnel, cuttings Station, (a) principal Buildings Light rapid transit system, Light rapid transit system narrow gauge or tramway station Important building (selected)

Bus or coach station WATER FEATURES Current or with tower 43 43 Cliff former place Marsh or salting Slopes of worship with spire, minaret or dome Shingle Towpath Lock Place of worship Flat rock Lighthouse Ford Beacon Aqueduct Canal Lighthouse (in use) Glass structure Sand (disused) Weir Normal tidal limit Dunes Low water mark Heliport Lake Footbridge Bridge Mud 42 42 Triangulation pillar Canal (dry) High water mark Mast

HEIGHTS ROCK FEATURES Wind pump, wind turbine

Windmill with or without sails 50 Contours are at 10 metres vertical interval 41 41 Outcrop 650 Heights are to the nearest Graticule intersection at 5’ intervals 144 Cliff metre above mean sea level Cutting, embankment Where two heights are shown the first 600 Scree height is to the base of the triangulation Landfill site or slag/spoil heap pillar and the second (in brackets) to the highest natural point of the hill Coniferous wood 40 40 PUBLIC RIGHTS OF WAY OTHER PUBLIC ACCESS Non-coniferous wood Footpath Other route with public access (not normally shown in urban Mixed wood Bridleway areas). Alignments are based on the best information available. Restricted byway These routes are not shown on Orchard maps of Scotland. 39 39 Byway open to all traffic On-road cycle route Park or ornamental ground The symbols show the defined route so far as the scale of mapping will allow. Traffic-free cycle route Forestry Commission land The representation on this map of any National Cycle Network number other road, track or path is no evidence of the existence of a right of way. Not shown Regional Cycle Network number on maps of Scotland National Trust (always open / limited access, 38 38 National Trail, European Long observe local signs) Firing and Test Ranges in Distance Path, Long Distance Route, Danger Area the area. Danger! selected Recreational Routes National Trust for Scotland (always open / Observe warning notices. limited access, observe local signs)

BOUNDARIES HISTORICAL FEATURES ABBREVIATIONS 37 37 National Site of antiquity Br Bridge MS Milestone Cemy Cemetery Mus Museum District Battlefield (with date) CG Cattle grid P Post office Visible earthwork CH Clubhouse PC Public convenience (in rural areas) County, Unitary Authority, Metropolitan District Roman Fm Farm PH Public house or London Borough Ho House Sch School 36 36 Non-Roman MP Milepost TH Town Hall, Guildhall or equivalent National Park

035000m 035000m

2 88

69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87

000m 000m Grid North

Scale 1: 50 000 Magnetic North 2 centimetres to 1 kilometre (one grid square) Kilometres Extract produced by Ordnance Survey 2010. Licence: 100021650 2 1 0 1 2 3 rue North © Crown copyright 2009. All rights reserved. T 1 0 Miles 1 2 Ordnance Survey, OS, the OS Symbol and Landranger are registered trademarks of Ordnance Survey, the national mapping agency of Great Britain. . . Reproduction in whole or in part by any means is prohibited without the prior written permission of Ordnance Survey. For educational use only. 1 kilometre = 0 6214 mile 1 mile = 1 6093 kilometres Diagrammatic only