The Plant Bugs, Or Miridae

Home , Adelphocoris rapidus, Amblytylus, Amblytylus nasutus, Capsus, Capsus ater, Ceratocapsus

% STATE OF ILLINOIS DwiGHT H. Green, Governor DEPARTMENT OF REGISTRATION AND EDUCATION Frank G. Thompson, Director

NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY DIVISION Theodore H. Prison, Chief

^^olume 22 BULLETIN Article 1

The Plant Bugs, or Miridae,

of Illinois

HARRY^ H. KNIGHT

Printed by Authority oj the State of Illinois

URBANA, ILLINOIS

September 1041 STATE OF ILLINOIS DwiGHT H. Green, Governor DEPARTMENT OF REGISTRATION AND EDUCATION Frank G. Thompson, Director

BOARD OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND CONSERVATION Frank G. Thompson, Chairman William Trelease, D.Sc, LL.D., Biology William A. Noyes, Ph.D., LL.D. Chem.D. Forestry D.Sc, Chemistry Ezra J. Kraus, Ph.D., D.Sc, L. R. HowsoN, B.S.C.E., C.E., Engineering Edson S. Bastin, Ph.D., Geology Arthur Cutts Willard, D.Eng., LL.D., President of the University of Illinois

NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY DIVISION Urbana, Illinois

Scientific and Technical Staff Theodore H. Frison, Ph.D., Chief

Section of Economic Entomology Section of Aquatic Biology W. P. Flint, B.S., Chief Entomologist David H. Thompson, Ph.D., Zoologist C. C. Compton, Ph.D., Associate Entomologist George W. Bennett, Ph.D., Limnologist M. D. Farrar, Ph.D., Research Entomologist D. F. Hansen, Ph.D., Assistant Zoologist

Entomologist Bruno Limbach, B.S , Zoological /Assistant J. H. Bigger, B.S., Associate S. C. Chandler, B.S., Southern Field Entomolo- R. G. Rennels, M.F., Assistant Aquatic Biolo- gist gist Northern Field Ento- L. H. Shropshire, M.S., Section of Game Research and Management mologist Ralph E. Yeatter, Ph.D., Game Specialist B. G. Berger, M.A., Assistant Entomologist H.^B. Petty, B.A., Assistant, Entomology Ex- Section of Wildlife Experimental Areas tension Arthur S. Hawkins, M.S., Game Technician M. M. Petrakis, B.A., Entomological Assistant (On leave) in C. J. Weinman, Ph.D., Research Fellow En- F. C. Bellrose, Jr., B.S., Assistant Game tomology Technician B.A., Research Fellow in George F. Ludvik, J. B. Low, Ph.D., Assistant Game Technician Entomology W. H. Elder, Ph.D., Assistant Game Technician T. F. Winburn, M.S., Associate Entomologist Cooperative Wildlife Restoration Program (U.S.B.E.P.§^. and Commodity Credit Cor- [State Department of Conservation and U. S. Fish poration, cooperating) and Wildlife Service) Section of Insect Survey Harry G. Anderson, M.A., Junior Biologist H. H. Ross, Ph.D., Systematic Entomologist L. G. Brown, B.S., Junior Biologist Carl O. Mohr, Ph.D., Associate Entomologist, R. E. Hesselschwerdt, B.A., Junior Biologist S. M.F., Biologist Artist C. Spooner, Junior B. D. Burks, Ph.D., Assistant Entomologist Section of Applied Botany and Plant Pathology G. T. Riegel, M.S., Entomological Assistant L. R. Tehon, Ph.D., Botanist Kathryn M. Sommerman, M.S., Artist, Ento- D. B. Creager, Ph.D., Research Pathologist mological Assistant J. C. Carter, Ph.D., Assistant Botanist G. H. BoEWE, M.S., Field Botanist Section of Forestry James E. Davis, M.F., Extension Forester Section of Publications Lee E. Yeager, Ph.D., Forester James S. Ayars, B.S., Editor

Consultant: Herpetology, Howard K. Gloyd, Ph.D., Director of the Museum, Chicago Academy of Sciences

This paper is a contribution from the Section of Insect Survey.

(A47723—2,200—5-41) FOREWORD

THE Aliridae, or plant bugs, containing This procedure was followed in 1930 and well over a third of the species of the 1932. In 1931, drought conditions reduced order Hemiptera, have long attracted atten- the mirid population to a low ebb, making tion because of their abundance, their diver- collecting for this group impractical. In sity of shape and the great variety of plant 1934, 1935 and 1936, intensive collecting hosts they attack. Except for a few preda- for leafhoppers turned up many more Miri- cious species, they suck the juices from plant dae, including a large number of new records leaves and, with the leafhoppers, aphids and for Illinois. A total of about 20,000 speci- scale insects, rank as one of the most impor- mens was accumulated, including the 5,000 tant groups of plant sucking insects in Illi- specimens already in the collection before nois. our drive for this group began. All mem-

Early in 1930, a project to investigate the bers of the Insect Survey Section staff have Miridae of Illinois and to prepare a com- at various times aided with the field work prehensive report on the state fauna was and preparation of material for identification organized. Dr. Harry H. Knight, Iowa and preservation. State College, Ames, Iowa, was enlisted as Much of the work of final identification leader of the project to direct the initial of material and completion of the manuscript intensive collecting for the group, identify was done by Dr. Knight at Ames, Iowa, the material and write the final report, and while not attached to the Survey, and I wish he was employed by the Survey as Assistant to express our gratitude to him for spending Entomologist during the summers of 1930. so much of his own time in bringing this 1932, 1933 and 1937 to acomplish these project to a successful conclusion. objectives. Several members of our staff in the Insect Intensive collecting was begun in 1930. Survey Section also have contributed greatly Prior to this date much material had been to the final manuscript. The many full illus- assembled by earlier Illinois collectors, par- trations of Miridae are with few exceptions ticularly C. A. Hart and C. W. Stromberg, the work of Dr. C. O. Mohr, Associate whose specimens in the Natural History Entomologist and Artist. Dr. Mohr and Survey collection formed not only a good Miss Kathryn M. Sommerman, Entomologi- general collection of the group but also in- cal Assistant, also added many illustrations cluded several species not taken in our recent used to illustrate key characters and male search. Much interesting material collected genitalia. Summarizing the Illinois collec-

in Illinois by W. J. Gerhard was lent us tion data and adding it to the manuscript, by the Field Museum of Natural History, modification of the keys to emphasize as Chicago. much as possible characters which could be

Field work for this group followed very illustrated, and adapting the manuscript to closely the pattern developed during an current Survey practices represent the pains- taking and effectual work of Dr. H. H. earlier study of Illinois aphids (Hottes iSc and Dr. B. Frison 1931). Collecting was done in every Ross, Systematic Entomologist, sec- part of the state, from south to north, east D. Burks, Assistant Entomologist. The control is in part to west, and repeated at different seasons in tion on economic status and Chief an attempt to capture species which might the work of Prof. W. P. Flint, be restricted to certain periods of the year Entomologist. Finally the manuscript was the Editor, or to limited local habitats. Using known read and styling determined by mirid host plants as a guide, we attempted Mr. James S. Ayars. to collect from every species of probable T. H. Frisox, Chief host in every locality visited. Illinois Natural History Survey

CONTENTS

Page

Introduction 1

Biology 2 Life Cycle. — Hibernation. — Feeding Habits.

Distribution and Habitat Preference 5

Mirids in Restricted Areas. — Forest Mirids. — Grass and Marsh Mirids. — Widely Distributed Species. —Collecting Notes.

Economic Status and Control 12

Taxonomy 15

Systematic Characters. — Phylogeny. — Present Holders of Material: Symbols. — Meas- urements and Records. —Tarsal Claw Key Characters.

Key to Subfamilies 19

Phylinae 22

Dicyphinae 52

Bryocorinae 58

Cylapinae ^1

Clivineminae 63

Deraeocorinae 64

Orthotylinae '"i

Mirinae 124

Capsinae 1-^1

Host List 211

Bibliography 218

Index 223 Horcias illini.

the more strik- Typical in general outline of many plant bugs found in Illinois, but among ing in coloration and markings. The Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois

HARRY H. KNIGHT*

Introduction

THE list of Miridae of Illinois now species for the family Miridae and but 2,486 stands at 330 species. It is apparent, species for all other families of Hemiptera however, that species known from combined. In North America, north of neighboring states will eventually be found Mexico, approximately 1,500 species of in Illinois. Furthermore, in the study of Miridae are known; of other families of

Illinois species, it was found that many Hemiptera, about 2,500 species. records of these species were a great distance Because of the fragile nature of the from any other previously known records. pubescence and appendages of the mirids,

Hence, it was thought advisable to include special attention had to be given to their col- in the keys other species and varieties known lection. The collecting party, consisting of from the entire general region in which Illi- two or three members, equipped with nets,

nois is situated. One hundred ten extra- bottles, pinning and mounting accessories, limital species were, therefore, included, and desk lamps, was usually in the field for bringing the total number treated in this periods of 10 days to 2 weeks. Each day, report to 440 species. It seems highly prob- collecting was discontinued at about 4 P.M., able that from two-thirds to three-fourths and headquarters were set up for work in a of these extralimital species will eventually hotel room where the day's catch was pinned be found in this state, which would bring the to prevent unmounted insects from being

list of Illinois Miridae to about 400 species. battered in transit. In the list of insects for New York The collecting party used sweeping nets, (Leonard 1928), t I recorded 296 species of each having a ring 15 inches in diameter and ]\Iiridae, but since publication of this list a bag of bolter's silk. These were found additional records have raised the total to ideal for mirids, since they excluded so little 316. A list of Miridae for the District of light from the bottom part of the net that Columbia and vicinity (Knight & McAtee the mirids did not swarm too rapidly to the 1929) records 200 species of Miridae within top. Test-tube cyanide bottles about 6 inches a 25-mile radius of Washington, D. C. The long were used, with the cyanide in the

state of Illinois, which includes within its bottom; the diameter of the tube was as borders the cypress swamps about Cairo and large as could be stoppered by the operator's the northern tamarack bogs bordering Wis- thumb. In each tube were a few loose consin, represents an ecological range scarce- strands of cellucotton. The bugs were ly exceeded by any other state east of the "picked" off the sides of the nets into the Mississippi River. This range undoubtedly bottle, which could be conveniently stoppered accounts for the large list of Miridae. by the thumb until emptied. In number of species, the Miridae far With this group, care must be taken to exceed other families of Hemiptera. In the have only a small number of individuals in Palearctic region, where the total number each bottle at one time; otherwise consider-

of Hemiptera is best known, the "Oshanin able pubescense is rubbed off. After the Katalog" (Oshanin 1910) enumerates 1,078 specimens are dead, they may be transferred to pill boxes or other temporary containers. If left in the cyanide bottle too *Iowa State College, Ames. Iowa; Assistant Ento- mirids are mologist. Illinois Natural History Survey, during sum- long, some of the yellow and orange colors mers of 1930, 1932, 1933, 1937. tMiridae, Isometopidae (Knight 1923b), pp. 110 35. mchange to deeper tones, sometimes to red. Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1

As mirids are much easier to handle was glued to the side of the mesothorax before they have dried out than after, each and not to the legs only. The mounted day's catch was pinned up the following night specimens were then pinned in Schmidt boxes to insure the best possible specimens. All for traveling and taken back to the labora- mirids were mounted on card points with tory at Urbana, where they were labeled a crimp and in such a way that the crimp and later identified.

Biology

The eggs of most mirids hatch early in nymphal development varies with different the season when the host plants are making species, but many of them are known to re- tender new growth. It is worthy of note quire 20 to 30 days. Beginning with the third that in the case of species known to produce nymphal instar the development of wing pads may be observed. During the fourth instar the wing pads are clearly evident,

while in the fifth instar, fig. 15, the wing pads usually extend back to the middle of the abdomen. Many mirid species have been observed to possess during nymphal development the curious habit or ability of protruding a posterior portion of the rectum; \vhen

a nymph is dislodged and falls from a branch

or leaf to the foliage below, the rectum is protruded, and, being provided with sticky material, acts as an adhesion disk upon strik- ing foliage of the limbs below. The nymph then scrambles for a foothold, pulls the adhesion disk free, retracts the rectum and runs for cover among the leaves. Thus the eversible rectal disk saves many falling nymphs from losing contact with the host plant. The adult females may mate within 2 or 3 days after emergence but do not start laying eggs until a week or 10 days later. The males are generally the first to mature, but they do not live so long as the females.

1 have described (1915) in detail the ovi- Fig. 1.— Lygus oblineatus. A, egg, front and mirid species but here lateral view; S, fifth instar nymph. position work of four recount only selected parts. Observations

a second generation the host plant is one on Heterocordyliis malinus Reuter were which produces succulent growth during the made on crabapple and cultivated apple in summer season. Thus, the tiny young western New York. Females that matured nymphs find the maximum amount of sap June 12 were observed to oviposit on June for food which is essential for plant feeders. 21. On the morning of June 23, four differ- Mirid eggs, fig. \A, are elongate, slightly ent females were observed while ovipositing. curved or bean shaped, with a cap and micro- When a female is ready to oviposit she pyle on the end pointing to the outside of moves up and down the branch, patting the the plant substance where embedded. surface with antennae and touching the bark here and there with the tip of the proboscis. In this manner one spent 6 minutes search- Life Cycle ing for a place to oviposit. Another indi- Mirid nymphs pass through five instars vidual required 15 minutes before she found or stages of development and at the fifth a suitable place. The female -begins to drill molt attain sexual maturity and, except in the hole by means of the proboscis, and this special cases where the adults are wingless, operation may require from 5 to 18 minutes a set of wings. The time required for before the hole is readv for the insertion of September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois the ovipositor. After drilling the hole with process of oviposition, they appear reddish the beak, the female arches the abdomen, brown. The eggs are placed in the cambium stands as high as possible, then unsheaths at such an angle that the lower ends rest on the ovipositor and thrusts it forward to solid wood and their tips are 1.5 mm. apart. locate the place prepared. She turns her Females of this species were observed ovi- head under with the tip of the proboscis in positing on trees in an orchard as late as the hole to help guide the ovipositor. One July 18. female was observed to make seven attempts The pear plant bug, Neolygus communis before inserting the ovipositor. Most indi- Knight, oviposits in the cambium of pear viduals make two or three attempts before twigs. The actions of the female are very succeeding. After each failure, the female similar to those of the species described inspects the hole and works upon it for a time with her beak. Once insertion of the ovipositor is started, the female works the abdomen up and down with a rapid, jerky motion until the ovipositor is inserted to its base. An alternate contraction and expan- sion of the abdomen then occurs while the egg is being worked down into position. This operation requires about 2 or 3 minutes. The female then withdraws the ovipositor and rests for 3 to 5 minutes before inserting the second egg. After this interval, she again locates the hole by means of antennae and beak and then repeats the operation of inserting the ovipositor. In some cases only one egg is laid in a place, but two eggs appear to be the normal number for this Fig. 2. — Egg of Paraca/ocoris colon, shown species. in cross section of new growth of apple bark. The number of eggs laid varies with the Adapted from Knight (1915). individual from day to day. One female was observed to oviposit in six different places above. Examination of one oviposition point between 10:00 a.m. and 12:00 o'clock noon. revealed that six eggs had been laid in a This same female was observed to oviposit space 1.0 mm. long. The eggs were closely daily from June 23 to 27, but died on June packed in a double row lying flat just within 28. the cambium layer. Eggs measured were The apple redbug, Lyg'ulea mendax Reu- 1.05 mm. in length by 0.26 mm. wide. ter, breeds on hawthorn and apple; it ma- An apple mirid, Paracalocoris palliduliis tures a week to 10 days later than Hetero- McAtee, was found to lay eggs only where cordylus malinus. In 1914, at Batavia, New dead wood was available. Females that York, the majority of females matured were caged on limbs free from scars and about June 20. Several females were dead stubs did not oviposit. Four females watched closely but no eggs were obtained were observed to lay when placed on branch- until July 8. When ready to lay, the female es having dead stubs. Five eggs were placed moves about over the twigs, searching for around the margin of one stub, a new hole lenticels on wood of the previous year's being made for each egg. The egg of this growth. She drills the lenticel by means of mirid differs from those of several species the proboscis. One female required 10 min- at least in having a white cap with two utes for this operation. She failed in three keels that curve up and nearly meet over the attempts to insert the ovipositor but on the top of the egg, fig. 2. The egg cap projects fourth she succeeded. She took ly? minutes from the cavity as shown in the figure but to lay the egg. After an interval of 4 min- is not conspicuous because of the uneven utes, she returned to the hole and upon the character of the rough bark and surrounding second trial inserted the ovipositor and laid wood. Eggs laid in July remain until the an egg. She then sealed the wound by means following spring before hatching. of the proboscis. The lenticels are normally A majority of mirid species produce only light colored but, after being injured by the one generation per year, but a few have been Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Fol. 22, Art. 1

tound to produce two or more generations pears to be a group characteristic. Dicyphus in one season. vestitus Uhler and D. discrepans Knight Lygus oblineatus (Say) may produce two also have been taken in hibernation. or three generations in one season; Halticus bracteatus (Say) breeds continuously during Feeding Habits the warm season and is credited with five Probably a majority of the species of generations in South Carolina. Adelphocoris Miridae are plant feeders, but a large num- lineolatus (Goeze) rears two generations in ber are now known to be chiefly predacious. a season on alfalfa and sweet clover. Neobo- The predacious habit is only partially devel- rus amoenus (Reuter) rears two genera- oped in certain species and thus insect blood tions in one summer on white ash. The serves merely to supplement the sap ob- cotton flea hopper, Psallus seriatus tained from particular food plants. In the (Reuter), breeds continuously as long as the genus Deraeocoris the different species ap- succulent host plants remain green. pear to be chiefly predacious; D. aphidiphagus Knight feeds on the elm aphid, Hibernation Eriosoma americanum Riley, and its honey- A majority of mirid species pass the dew; D. nitenatus Knight feeds on the winter in the egg stage. Usually the eggs woolly apple aphid, Eriosoma lanigerum are embedded in some part of the host plant. (Hausmann) ; D. pinicola Knight feeds on In the hop mirid, Paracalocoris hawleyi Chermes pinicorticis (Fitch). It seems high- Knight, the female bugs embed their eggs in ly probable that most members of the sub- the poles used for support of the host vines. family Cylapinae are predacious or myce- The writer observed several females of tophagous; namely, species of Fulvius and Neolygus johnsoni Knight laying eggs in the Peritropis and Cylapus tetiuicornis Say; soft, punky stubs formed by the breaking ofi known species of these genera are normally of old dead limbs on the host tree, hornbeam found about dead trees, hiding in crevices

(Carpinus caroliniana) . Many species, such of the bark on logs and stumps. In the large as Lopidea davisi Knight, Labopidea alli't genus Phytocoris, several species are known Knight and Adelphocoris lineolatus, lay eggs to be predacious, particularly the dark- in stems or leaves of herbaceous plants and colored, bark-inhabiting ones. Fulton (1918, pass the winter in the dry stems. The apple pp. 93-6) demonstrated that Pilophorus per- redbug, Lygidea rnendax, Heterocordylus plexus Douglas & Scott feeds freely on apple malinus and Neolygus communis place eggs aphids, three nymphs having reduced a in the living cambium on branches of the colony of 50 aphids to 6 within 2 days. host tree where they pass the winter. Among the plant feeders, probably the Mirid eggs, fig. 2, have a relatively im- greater number of species are limited to a pervious chorion which permits them to single host, or to a genus of plants, while remain viable for several months, although a very few, such as Lygus oblineatus and embedded in material which is almost com- Halticus bracteatus have a wide range of pletely desiccated. food plants. Even among species which Relatively few species hibernate as adults. always breed on a single host plant, a general Stenodema vicinum (Provancher) and S. dispersal of individuals usually takes place, trispinosum Reuter are known to do so and following the time of emergence and mat- no doubt other members of the genus do ing, individuals of Tropidosteptes cardinalis likewise. Adults of Lygus oblineatus, L. Uhler, Lopidea staphyleae Knight and others vanduzeei Knight, L. plagiatus Uhler, L. have been observed to migrate from their pabulinus (Linnaeus), L. campestris (Lin- host plant to shrubbery in the general vicin- naeus) and L. rubicundus (Fallen) have all ity; thence they doubtless become dispersed been taken in hibernation, and it seems a over wider territory and to new plants, characteristic of the genus to overwinter in although, in the normal course of their life, the adult stage. Species of the subgenus they eventually return to suitable growth Camptobrochis of Deraeocoris hibernate as of the preferred host plant for the purpose adults, so far as known, with D. nebulosus of oviposition. (Uhler), D. poecilus McAtee, D. histrio Since a majority of species of Miridae are (Reuter), D. nubilus Knight frequently definitely limited to a single species of plants taken in winter. Here again hibernation ap- or at least a genus of plants, we may expect ;

September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois the distribution of the bugs to be limited to temperatures and desiccating atmosphere areas where the host species grow. No doubt frequently encountered west of the Missis- in times of migration and when buffeted by sippi and south of the Ohio rivers. It seems strong winds, many individual bugs may be likely that other Miridae of the Boreal carried far from their normal host and hence region may have their southern distribution perish without successful reproduction. It limited for the same reasons. appears that several species of Miridae are In contrast to the above, we may take so restricted by ecological factors that their another species, Heterocordylus malinus, of distribution is more limited than the host which the favorite wild host is Crataegus. upon which they live. This is certainly true This insect is more widely distributed than of the apple redbug, Lyy'ulea mendax, which Lygidea mendax, for it is frequently found normally breeds on species of Crataegus ; on Crataegus in Texas and Mississippi, but the Crataegus grows far south and west apparently able to live wherever the host of the areas where L. mendax can be found. plants thrive. If we examine nymphs of H.

While making a close study of Lygidea malinus we find the body wall is m.ore mendax the author noted that the bugs were heavily chitinized than in L. mendax. The never found on isolated trees exposed on nymphs are not subject to fatal desiccation high ground where the sun was hot and the when the leaves of the host plant wilt under atmosphere very dry. The bugs seemed to the heat of a hot, dry day. Some years ago thrive only in valley areas where the humid- the writer reared in breeding cages many ity rarely dropped to desiccating levels. The nymphs of both species, and at that time nymph of L. mendax is very delicate, the first observed the more delicate nature of body wall evidently only thinly chitinized L. mendax. When both species are kept in so it can live only where the humidity is high cages on host plant foliage, and the host enough to prevent desiccation. The writer leaves are allowed to dry out, L. mendax believes that the southward distribution of will die immediately whereas H. malinus this species is limited chiefly by the high will live for several hours.

Distribution and Habitat Preference^

In Illinois the distribution patterns of the plants in some of the sand areas. Small Miridae are linked primarily with those of areas of peculiar interest are marked on the their plant host species. Other factors also accompanying maps. play a very important part in determining mirid distribution patterns, but the influence Mirids in Restricted Areas of these is not always obvious from a study of such a limited area as one state. The The tamarack bogs, fig. 3E, are remnants greater part of the uncultivated areas of of the glacial bogs. In Illinois they are restricted to the small area in the vicinity Illinois is covered with either oak-hickory forests or prairie and the various types of of Volo and Antioch in the extreme north- community which lead up to them. There eastern portion of the state. They have been agriculture to a con- are certain restricted areas, however, in encroached upon by which we find mirid hosts found nowhere siderable extent, but a few remain which flora else in Illinois. These are the result of the have preserved their and fauna prac- bogs, fig. rather axial geographic position of Illinois. tically intact. These 4, are the only place in this state where occurs native This state is a long, narrow area, the northern end just bordering some of the conifer- tamarack, Larix laricina, which is the exclusive host of the following plant bugs in this ous communities which are common in Wis- state: Deraeocoris laricicola Knight, Piloph- consin and its southern end extending slightly larici- into conditions typical of the southern states. orus uhleri Knight, Plagiognathus cola Knight. These species do not feed on In respect to east and west, Illinois is the mingling ground of the eastern deciduous other species of larch used for ornamental forests and the western grasslands, with here planting in various localities, so that our the larch mirids are confined to and there an invasion of typical western records for the northern bogs, fig. 5. Along the shore of Lake Michigan, north *This section is the work of Herbert H. Ross, Sys- tematic Entomologist, Illinois Natural History Survey. of Waukegan, is a narrow sand area, fig. i

Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Fol. 22, Art. I

3F, which combines a great variety of grass, syrticola, restricted in Illinois to this area. sedge, herb and shrub species, many of them White Pines Forest State Park, fig. 35, found nowhere else in the state. This area in Ogle County, contains an area of white offers excellent collecting for some of the pine forest which is the only large stand of rarer species of the Miridae. It combines this tree in Illinois, fig. 8. Scattered speci- grass, sedge and herb communities, fig. 6, mens of the white pine occur in Starved and open woods with luxuriant herbaceous Rock State Park, fig. ZC. Restricted to undergrowth, fig. 7. One of our most inter- white pine are four mirid species taken in esting captures was Plagiognathus syrticolae this state: Deraeocoris pinicola Knight, Knight on the sand-loving willow, Salix which we have taken only at White Pines

A. The Jo Daviess E. In THIS lake HILLS ARE RICH IN and marsh region HERB, SHRUB AND TREE occur tamarack SPECIES THAT HARBOR bogs with their MANY Miridae distinctive Miridae B. In the White Pines Forest State Park, The sand containing the only REGION large stand of^ NEAR Beach, VIRGIN WHITE hoorisiAm EXTENDING pine in illinois FROM WAUKEGAN are found TO Wisconsin, Miridae HARBORS MANY restricted to RARE SPECIES this tree OF Miridae

C. Starve: Rock State Park HAS SOMEl WHITE G. Localized. PINE AND DENSELY WOODED OTHER GLENS IN THESE PLANTS AREAS HAVE UNUSUAL YIELDED MANY Illinois, WITH RARE Miridae Miridae peculiar'' TO THEM

D. In cypress swamps, now H. The Ozark hills MOSTLY CLEARED, ARE MiRIDAE ABOUND IN CHOICE AND OTHER INSECTS TYPICAL OF COLLECTl-NG SPOTS THE SOUTHERN STATES FOR Miridae

Fig. 3.— Map of Illinois showing mirid habitats of unusual interest. September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois

Fig. 4. — (Above.) Tamarack bog at Volo, 111. Tamarack is the sole host of three Miridae found in Illinois.

Fig. 5.— (Right.) Map showing the distribution in Illinois of Pilophorns uhleri. This species is confined to tamarack, in Illinois found only in the northeastern corner of the state.

Forest State Park; Deraeocoris nubilus Knight and Phytocoris diversus Knight, which have been taken at both White Pines Forest State Park and Starved Rock State Park; and Pilophorus strob'tcola Knight, which is found not only on these natural stands but also on ornamental white pines throughout the state. In the extreme southern tip of the state are several fine examples of cypress swamps,

fig. 3D. Originally cypress swamps covered an extensive area in Alexander, Pulaski and Massac counties, but most of this has been cut over, drained and put into cultivation. There remain, however, one or two cypress areas which have retained their natural

biota, such as at Horseshoe Lake, fig. 9. Cypress in Illinois has yielded the following # Distribution^ records of Miridae: Pilophorus taxodii records of Pilophorus Knight, Parthenicus taxodii Knight, Ortho- UHLERI tylus taxodii Knight, Ceratocapsus taxodii ^^^DlSTRIBUTION OF Knight, Phytocoris taxodii Knight. All these TAMARACK, LARIX species are restricted to cypress and have LARICINA Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin To/. 22, Art. 1

Fig. 6.—Sand prairie vegetation at Beach, 111., growing on the beaches left by receding Lake Michigan. Note the luxuriant growth ot grass and herbs. been taken in Illinois only in the extreme birch family, serve as host for a wide variety southern tip, fig. 10. of Miridae the distribution of which in general follows that of our forested areas. Forest Mirids A decided peculiarity of the tree-inhabiting Miridae is their preference for forest- Species of deciduous forest trees, especial- edge conditions. A given species will gener- ly ash, oak, hickory and members of the ally be taken in abundance on onlv those host

Fig. 7.—Older beaches of the sand prairie area near Zion, 111. Here the forest-edge conditions, with luxuriant vegetation, offer an ideal habitat for many species of Miridae. This area was tormerly one of bare, shifting sand. September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or IMiridae, of Illinois

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« .* -^^

Fig. 8.— Edge of the white pine forest at White Pines Forest State Park, 111. Four species of Miridae are restricted to white pine, three of them to native stands.

Fig- 9.--Cypress along the shore of Horseshoe Lake, northwest of Cairo, 111. Five species of Jllinois Miridae feed only on cypress trees. Another specks, P/iyiocoris erectus, has been collected in this state on cypress, but is known to feed not on this tree but on various other, soft-bodied insects that feed on the cypress. 10 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1

northwestern Illinois, and in the Ozark hills, fig. 3H, in extreme southern Illinois. The Jo Daviess hills are forested and rolling, contain species of Crataegus not found farther south and support a flora more varied in nature than most other Illinois areas. The Ozark hills of southern Illinois are a continuation of the Ozarkian uplift of Okla- homa, Arkansas and Missouri, and have many species of trees, shrubs and herbs that are much more luxuriant there than in other Illinois areas. These species include such forms as alder, red cedar and cane. Wooded glens especially profitable for mirid collecting occur in several places near the eastern border of the state, fig. ZG.

Grass and Marsh Mirids

Certain groups of Miridae, notably the subfamily Mirinae, feed on grasses and some of the sedges and rushes. Some of these

# Distribution records of Ceratocapsus TAXODII ^$^ Pis tribution of cypress, Taxodium distichum

Fig. 10. —Outline map of Illinois showing the distribution ot Ceratocapsus taxodii and its exclusive host, cypress. individuals that are at the edge of a clearing, right at the edge of a woods or isolated in the surrounding herbaceous growth. This condition has been found true especially of the species infesting oak and ash. Sweeping in dense woods seldom netted many specimens, but that at odd trees at the edge of the woods frequently resulted in the collection of great numbers of the bugs. This be- havior characteristic probably explains why Miridae sometimes become very abundant in street and ornamental plantings of such trees as ash. Certain forest Miridae are exceptions to this general habit. One of our best examples

is Dicyphus gracilentus Parshley, which

feeds on the herb Polymnia canadensis ; this bug inhabits deep, shady woods, to which its host is also confined. We have found collecting of mirids infest- Fig. 11.—Map of Illinois showing distribution of the tarnished plant bug, Lygus ing trees and shrubs especially profitable in oblineatus, which feeds on a wide variety of the Jo Daviess hills, fig. 3J, in extreme plants.

I September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 11

Fig. 12. — Forest edge near Charleston, 111. Places such as this, with a large variety ot trees and shrubs growing near the forest edge, offer good collecting for many species of Miridae.

Fig. 13.— Meadows and rolling hills near Herod, 111. Fencerows, forest edge and meadows combine in many localities in the Ozark hills to give excellent mirid collecting. Several species, such as Plagiognathus gleditsiae and Lepidopsallus nyssae, known previously only from Gulf Coast states, have been collected in the Illinois Ozarks. Other species, typically northern in distribution, have been collected in this state onlv in the Ozark hills. 12 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1

species, such as Mirls dolabratus (Lin- idae feeding on these hosts have an equally naeus) are widely distributed and feed only wide distribution: Lygus oblineatus (Say), on grasses. The range of such species ex- feeding on a great variety of herbs and tends over most of the state. shrubs; Reuteroscopus sulphureus (Reuter), Other plant bugs of this subfamily feed feeding on the cut-leaf ragweeds {Ambrosia

on sedges and rushes, as for example, Mimo- spp.) ; Ibiacora stalii Reuter, feeding on ceps insigiiis Uhler and Teratocoris discolor cocklebur; and many others. The distribu- Uhler, and these are restricted to such local tion map of L. oblineatus, fig. 11, shows the areas as have marsh conditions. wide distribution of this species and serves In the bog region of northeastern Illinois, as a check map for comparing the distribu- we have many marshes which are excellent tion of other Miridae. collecting grounds for these mirids. While these mirids are not restricted to this region, Collecting Notes they are found there more frequently and in greater abundance than in other localities It will be seen from the above that the of the state. The sand area along the shore Miridae inhabit practically all the plant of Lake Michigan combines a great variety communities in Illinois, showing a preference of grass, sedge and rush species, and offers for areas that are borderline between prairie excellent collecting for some of the rarer and forest, and that are in the developmental Mirinae. stages approaching the climax forest. Profitable collecting for a large variety Widely Distributed Species of plant bug species may therefore be found in the forest edge around clearings, fig. 12, A number of favorite plant bug hosts or in country with fields, fencerows and grow in almost every locality in Illinois, and woods intermingled, fig. 13. A second equal- include such familiar forms as ragweeds, ly profitable type of area is that along small cocklebur, willows and some of the grasses. streams where a floodplain forest is grow- In this category are a large number of ing. In both types of situation, many host weeds, herbs and shrubs. Many of the Mir- species are concentrated in a small area.

Economic Status and Control*

The past 25 years have witnessed a decid- side of the peach. Although these blemishes ed increase in the number of Miridae that do not affect the quality of the peach very are recognized as economic pests. These are much, they throw the fruit out of grade. In sucking insects which pierce plant tissues and certain years as much as 7 to 8 per cent of

feed on cell liquids, fig. 14. all peach fruit in an orchard is affected. One of the Miridae of greatest economic Dusting with very fine sulfur at the time

importance in Illinois is the tarnished plant petals are falling has shown some benefits bug, Lygus oblineatus (Say). This insect in peach orchards. causes serious damage to the peach crop. This insect also feeds on the new shoots

The adult insects hibernate in the fall and of nursery stock, causing what is called leave their winter quarters early in the "stopback" or "dieback." It injures a num- spring. They feed on the newly set peaches ber of fruits by feeding on the buds. The just at the time when the peach petals have feeding punctures of this species may cause fallen, and they are responsible for the malformation in the flowering buds of asters

blemish commonly known as catfacing, fig. and strawberries. In orchards the insect may 15. The area surrounding each feeding attack the buds and young fruits of apples puncture in the side of the peach grows very and peaches. It also feeds on beet, chard,

little, and on it ordinary peach fuzz does not celery, bean, potato, cabbage, cauliflower,

develop. The result is that when the peach turnip, salsify, cucumber, cotton, tobacco, is ripe there is a bare, sunken area, some- alfalfa, many flowering plants, and most times as much as a half inch across, in the deciduous and small fruits—more than 50 economic plants, besides many weeds and *W. p. Flint, Chief Entomologist, Illinois Natural grasses. History Survey and Agricultural Experiment Station, cooperated in writing this section, supplementing it with The tarnished plant bug is such a general his knowledge of economic insect control methods in Illi- nois over a long period of years. feeder and so widely distributed, and is at September, 1941 KxiGHT: Plant Bugs, or IVIiridae, of Illinois 13

the same time such an active insect, that no The bright red nymphs puncture leaves satisfactory method of control has been de- and tender shoots, sucking sap; every punc- veloped. ture produces a reddish spot, the leaves The garden flea hopper, Halticus bracte- curling as the growth of the plant is checked. atus (Say), is a pest of considerable impor- The pear plant bug, Neolygus communis tance on white clover and other leguminous Knight, may leave its natural host, dogwood crops in Illinois. In Missouri, it sometimes {Cornus sp.), and colonize on pear trees. destroys garden bean crops completely. In The nymphs feed on the small pears, causing South Carolina and neighboring states this tiny bug occasionally destroys 50 to 60 per cent of the alfalfa crop. The cotton flea hopper, Psallus seriatus

(Reuter), is a serious pest of cotton, more important in Texas, Oklahoma, Georgia and South Carolina than in Illinois. In some years it is reported as causing greater losses than the boll weevil. Both nymphs and adults of this flea hopper feed on the tiny flower buds of cotton, causing them to drop; the feeding habits of the bugs may also cause the plant to grow tall and spindly, resulting in a light set of cotton squares. This insect may be controlled in cotton fields by fine sulfur dusts. Almost complete freedom from damage may be obtained by the use of these materials. The abundance of this insect is dependent on certain ecological factors, particularly any condition that favors abundant growth of the wild hosts, the various species of Cro/on. The apple redbug, Lygidea nietulax Reu- ter, a potential pest of apples in Illinois, has not yet been found in this state. In parts of the East it is very abundant. Its feeding causes dents or dimples in the apple, and areas of hardened tissue which throw the fruit out of grade. It also damages the apple crop by feeding on small fruit, causing excessive shedding of the apples, with scars and malformed fruit if growth continues. Some infested orchards have had at picking time 25 to 30 per cent of the fruits culled out as a result of malformations caused by the redbug.

This species is easily controlled by adding nicotine sulfate to the pink bud spray or by nicotine dusts, since the nymphs are delicate and very sensitive to these materials, but in

Illinois it is not now necessary to put on an application for their control. The four-lined plant bug, Poecilocapsus lineatus (Fabricius), attacks many cultivated plants, such as currant, gooseberry, parsnip, mint and some other truck crops, as well Fig. 14. — Mirid iniur\'. White spots on leaves ot ash {FrcixtHns sp.) are feeding punc- as dahlia and rose. In Illinois, it fluctuates tures of plant bugs, in this case Neoborus amoe- greatly in abundance. In certain years it nits. This t\pe of injury is typical of most pays to apply a nicotine dust for its control. mirid feedine. History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1 14 Illinois Natural

on cultivated onions in Illinois, but malformed fruit. Although the Illi- tance knotty, abundant in other states it often becomes so nois pear crop is not of great commercial on Bermuda onions that the plants are killed importance, the insect causes an appreciable corn- before growth is completed. It is very amount of damage. As is the case with the

similar type peaches caused \^y Lygus oblineatus. A Fig. 15.-Mirid injury. Catfacing of various truits in Illinois. of injury by plant bugs is common in

foliage by the plant bugs M.WnV/^«i Fi^ 16 Miridiniurv Extreme iniurv to hollyhock

plants by various mind species. grasses, onions,>hlox, clover and other mon on wild onions and wild garlic, but tarnished plant bug, no really satisfactory perhaps may be considered a beneficial insect method of control under Illinois conditions this respect rather than a plant pest. has been developed. in The phlox plant bug, Lopidea davisi Brittain (1917) describes serious injury but is often apple Knight, breeds on wild phlox to apples in Nova Scotia by the green found colonizing on cultivated phlox and bug, Neolygus communis var. novascotien- causing serious injury to these ornamental sis Knight. bug can be controlled by the use plant bug, Labopidea allii plants. The The onion pyrethrum impor- of a nicotine spray or dust, or by Knight, is not usually of any great September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 15

sprays or dusts. It is an insect that should species is outnumbered by L. hesperus. In be looked for every year. the upper Mississippi River valley the The hickory plant bug, Neolygus caryae alfalfa plant bug, Adelphocoris Uneolatus

Knight, may migrate from its natural host (Goeze), is extremely abundant on alfalfa to peach trees, where the adults puncture and sweet clover and may prove to be a pest and suck sap from the young fruit. It where these crops are grown for seed pro- causes some injury to peaches, which is simi- duction. lar to that of the tarnished plant bug. Seri- Other species of Miridae that are from ous damage by this insect has been reported time to time reported as pests are hop plant from New York and Ohio. bug, Paracalocoris hawleyi Knight, on hops; In several western states the legume bug, hollyhock plant bug, Melauotrichiis althaeae Lygus hesperus Knight, causes considerable (Hussey), fig. 16; meadow plant bug, Miris loss in alfalfa seed due to puncturing and dolabratus (Linnaeus), on timothy and feeding by the bugs on the flower buds. The other grasses; and the rapid plant bug, pale legume bug, L. elisus Van Duzee, does Adelphocoris rapidus (Say), on cotton in the similar damage, but in most localities this South.

Taxonomy

The Miridae are distinguished by four- to form sericeous or scalelike hairs, which segmented antennae, a four-segmented ros- are easily shed; frequently the dorsum is trum of which the first segment is as long as practically glabrous and strongly shining. or longer than the head, three-segmented The numerous species exhibit the greatest tarsi (except Peritropis in which they are variety of color patterns, ranging from the two-segmented), wing membrane with only most obscure to forms that are vivid red. two cells or areoles, one longitudinal vein Color varieties within the species are fre- (anal vein), a well-developed cuneus on the quent, and the two sexes are more often wing, and by absence of ocelli, fig. 17. The differently colored, the male usually darker four-segmented antennae are usually slen- colored than the female. der, nearly linear or the second segment Brachypterous and apterous forms occur only slightly thickened apically, but in a few throughout the family, and individuals of a genera strongly thickened as in Capsus, single species may exhibit variation in this

Atractotomus and Teleorhinus ; third and respect, as in Halticus bracteatus (Say) and fourth segments usually slender but in some Miris dolabratus (Linnaeus). Usually the forms distinctly thickened as in Ceratocap- male is macropterous even when the female siis. The hemelytra are typically separated is apterous, but in rare cases the male may into clavus, corium, cuneus and membrane, be apterous. Ant mimic forms are rather the embolium usually not clearly separated numerous among the Miridae, especially in from corium ; veins of membrane forming species of Coquillettia, Sericophanes and two cells, a small and larger areole ; how- Pilophorus. In such forms the abdomen is ever, in a number of species the hemelytra constricted at the base while the head and may be abbreviated (brachypterous), the thorax are so modified the resemblance to membrane almost absent or reduced to a ants is unmistakable. The species of Seri- narrow band with veins poorly indicated. cophanes and Coquillettia are generally Modifications of the arolia, the pulvillaelike found upon the ground running about among structures between the tarsal claws, furnish ants, but the biological relationship, if any, the most reliable characters for separating has not been determined. In Iowa the writer the subfamilies. has found Sericophanes heidemanni Poppius In general, the Miridae are small to rather abundant on the ground among short medium in size, from 2.0 to 9.5 mm. in grasses and weeds of closely cropped pasture length, usually rather fragile, broader than land ; the bugs running about where the little high and longer than broad; as viewed from brown ants, Lasius niger alienus var. ameri- above, ovate to oblong, but in a few genera canus Emory, were very abundant. At Fort rather slender, as in Trigonotylus. The Snelling, Minnesota, in an area of little male is usually more slender than the fe- disturbed, high, prairie vegetation, particu- male. The body is variously clothed with larly among the shorter grasses, the writer fine hairs or pubescence, sometimes modified found and collected a large series of Coquil- 16 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin To/. 22, Art. 1

.Lj(^u5 vanduzeei

Illu^Tralinq structural Jcrmj \ i 7'

Fig. 17. LygHS vanduzeei, showing typical mirid structures and illustrating structural terms. ;

September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 17 lettia amoena (Uhler) from an area which form of pubescence offer very good charac- abounded with the ant, Formica {Neofor- ters for separating species. Thus it appears mica) pallide-fiilva var. incerta Emory. The that a particular set of characters may not wingless females so resemble this ant in have equal value throughout the family. form and color that one must look rather Among the Miridae, pubescence often pro- closely to separate them. Miridae of the vides useful characters; it varies from sim- above species of Sericophanes and Coquil- ple, fine hairs, erect or recumbent, to silky, lettia are extremely agile and very rapid of slightly curled pubescence, or even flattened, movement, especially when they happen to scalelike hairs. The scalelike pubescence meet face to face with ants. While they found on several species of Phytocoris and seem not to fear the ants, they appear to in the genus Halticus is easily shed or lost; avoid close contact with them. hence specimens should be collected and preserved with great care. Systematic Characters The shape of the head and thorax is much used for generic characters; minor differ- most important character for sepa- The ences may indicate species. The length of subfamilies is in the struc- ration of found the rostrum may be of generic value but ture of the arolia, situated between and at more frequently it differs among the species the base of claws, fig. 17. In the subfamilies and may form good distinctions, as in Po- Phylinae and Deraeocorinae the arolia are lymerus and Lygus. The antennae are gen- of erect bristles that represented by a pair erally linear in form with the last two seg- are difficult to see in the smaller species. ments very slender. However, some genera The arolia are erect and well developed in may be separated by the exceptional form the Orthotylinae, Mirinae and Capsinae of the different segments; the second seg- arolia converging at tips in Orthotylinae and ment is strongly thickened in Capsus, Atrac- diverging apically in the Mirinae and Cap- totomus and Teleorhinus ; the third and in sinae. Pseudarolia are clear to white fourth segments are usually slender, but in color and occur on inner curvature of claw some genera, as Ceratocapsus, they are dis- near base. The pseudarolia are found in tinctly thickened. the Phylinae but are larger and more prominent in the Dicyphinae and Bryocorinae. Phylogeny The form of the male genital segment is Nine subfamilies of Miridae are recog- rather distinctive in the subfamily Phylinae; nized from North America and all of them the genital claspers are relatively small, with are found in the state of Illinois. The tip of right clasper resting in a notch across the middle of the V-shaped left clasper; both 'DlCrPH/NAE oedagus and claspers are twisted somewhat •BRyocoRiNAH cvlapinac to the left side. The author believes this Clivineminae particular form of genital segment is a fun- -Deraeocorinae damental character of this subfamily. In other subfamilies the male genital segment Mirinae often presents good characters for the sepa- ration of genera as well as species. Specific Capsinae differences are more likely to be found in ^Phylinae Orthotylinae the male claspers, which are asymmetrical in form and differ among the species in many Fig. 18.— Genealogical tree showing relation- genera. It is fortunate that in several of the ship of mirid subtamilies. largest genera the numerous species may be identified by the form of the genital claspers, phylogeny of these subfamilies does not pre- as in Phytocoris, N eolygiis, Lopidea, Ortho- sent a linear series of development, but more lylus, Cerato:apsus and Deraeocoris. On of a progression upward in several direc- the other hand, in several sizable genera tions, which perhaps may best be represent- such as Paracalocoris, Neurocolpus and ed by a genealogical tree, fig. 18, to express Neoborus the male genital claspers appear the relationships within the family. These to be of little value for distinguishing species. relationships are based on the following Fortunately, in Paracalocoris and Neurocol- characters, which are listed in the order of pus the length of antennal segments and their relative importance: (1) arolia, (2) 18 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1

genital structures, (3) biology, (4) modifi- millimeters. These are standard with other cations of the thorax. literature on insect taxonomy. The position and height of the tree In any previously described species in branches indicate the evolutionary relation- which more than 10 Illinois records are ships of the subfamilies, while the width of available, the places are listed and the dates the branches indicates the relative number summarized. of species. For instance the Mirinae are highly developed structurally but very old Tarsal Claw Key Characters and decadent in number of species; the genera and species are few in number but The student wishing to identify Miridae most of them are very widely distributed. should acquaint himself with the structures The host plants of the Mirinae are con- of the tarsal claws. These claws are used fined to the grasses and sedges, families that in identifying most of our forms to sub- are among the oldest and most widely dis- family and sometimes to genus. It is highly tributed plant groups. On the other hand desirable that the student examine a selec- the Capsinae are more recent in develop- tion of different kinds of mirids to acquaint ment, structurally more specialized with himself with the various conditions of the arolia and genital structures highly devel- arolia and pseudarolia on the tarsal claws. oped; the species are very abundant, often The claws are best examined at high limited in distribution, and for host plants magnifications against a dark background. utilize all the more recent plant families. If possible, it is well to examine them with Species of the subfamily Orthotylinae resem- both compound microscope and stereoscopic ble the Phylinae most by absence of the binocular. thoracic collar, but the erect incurved arolia The tarsal claws are situated at the come nearest in form to the Capsinae; the extreme end of the third tarsal segment, genital claspers are highly modified and fig. 23. The simplest type is shown in fig. specialized. 24, which has a pair of hairlike arolia arising from the area between the base of the Present Holders of Material: Symbols claws. In some groups, these arolia are membranous and thickened; in such cases,

If not otherwise noted the material listed they are either convergent at apex, fig. 25, in this paper belongs to the Illinois Natural or divergent at apex, fig. 26. These two History Survey. Material in the collections membranous types are generaly readily visi- of other institutions or individuals is so ble without any doubt as to their structure. designated by the use of the following sym- In other groups are cushionlike or flaplike bols. membranous areas called pseudarolia at- FM—Field Museum of Natural History, tached to the claw itself. These may be very Chicago, 111. small; they may be present in instances KC—Knight Collection, Iowa State Col- where the arolia are either hairlike or mem- lege, Ames, Iowa. branous. In Illinois species, they are never Ul—University of Illinois, Urbana, 111. large if the arolia are membranous. Among USNM—United States National Museum, the species in which the arolia are hairlike, Washington, D. C. these pseudarolia are often quite large. Fig. 27 shows an example in which the pseu- Measurements and Records darolia are large and joined to the claw over

a large surface ; figs. 28 and 29 illustrate an Measurements given in this paper, e.g., example in which the pseudarolia are flap-

"length 5.80, width 2.48," are uniformly in like and attached to the claw only at its base. —

September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 19

KEY TO SUBFAMILIES

Scutellum with a dorsal projection, Eyes not stalked, figs. 20, 113 4 figs. 137, 181 2 Eyes rising a considerable distance Scutellum without a dorsal projection. 3 above dorsum of head; head deep, with a furrow down the meson and the ventral margin wide and truncate, fig. 21 Cylapini, p. 61 Eyes not rising appreciably above dorsum ot head 5

CLAW

Fig. 19.—Head and body of Lahops hirtus.

Fig. 20.—Head and pronotum of Hespero- phylum heidemanni showing dorsal view of antenna at left, anterior flat view at right.

Fig. 21.—Head of Cylapus tenuicornis: A, lateral view; 5, dorsal view. MIRID TARSAL CLAWS

Fig. 23. Monalocoris filicis. Fig. 24. Largidea davisi. Fig. 25. Diaphnidia pellucida. Fig. 26. Pithanus maerkelii. Fig. 27.— Teleorhinus davisi. Fig. 28.— Dicyphus agi/is. Fig. 29.— Dicyphus agi/is.

Fig. 22. — Head and pronotum of Semiiim 5. Pronotum as in fig. 22, with anterior hirtum: A, dorsal view; 5, lateral view. fourth membranous, remainder velvety and dark, with a pair of con- 2. Pronotum with anterior half flat, pos- spicuous, narrow membranous areas terior half swollen, fig. 181 {Bar- near anterior margin of dark por-

beriella, p. 209). . . .Capsinae, p. 131 tion; pleural area separated from Pronotum with only anterior fifth flat, notum by a suture (Semium, p. 75) posterior four-fifths forming a high, Orthotylinae, p. 74 swollen area, fig. 137 {Cvrtopeltocoris, Pronotum otherwise, without a pair of p. 117) Orthotylinae, p. 74 narrow, membranous areas on a vel- 3. Eyes attached to a stalk formed by a vety area; seldom with a suture round lateral projection of head; separating pleural areas and notum. 6 head very wide and short, fig. 19 6. Antennae with second segment bilater- Labopini, p. 81 ally compressed, foliaceous, nearly 20 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Fol. 22, Art. 1

three times as high as wide, and Pronotum swollen at middle, this black; third and fourth segments portion as wide as or wider than hind very short, fig. 20 {Hesperophylum. margin, fig. 142; hemelytra with p. 19) Deraeocorinae, p. 64 corium and cuneus merging so im- Antennae with second segment cyhn- perceptibly with the membrane, drical or almost so, or third segment which is partially sclerotized, that three-fourths as long as second, fig. there is no line of distinction between 92 7 them; includes both macropterous and brachypterous forms 7. Tarsal claws with only a pair of straight Mirinae, 124 hairs between them, figs. 30-41, p. sometimes also with a small, incon- 13. Calli greatly enlarged into a pair of spicuous, membranous area appressed broad humps occupying the anterior to inner margin of claw, figs. 38- two-thirds of the central area of the 41 13 pronotum, fig. 68 Fulviini, p. 61 Tarsal claws with a pair of prominent, Calli much smaller, fig. 70; pronotum whitish, membranous lobes between not humped anteriorly, but usually

them; these lobes either curved and considerably humped posteriorly. . .14 fingerlike, figs. 54-67, or flaplike, 14. Anterior margin of pronotum with a figs. 42-53 8 distinct, even, ringlike collar set off

8. Tarsal claws with membranous lobes by a definite, deep groove, fig. 70. . .15 fingerlike and arising from between Anterior margin of pronotum with- bases of claws (true arolia); these out a ringlike collar, fig. 77; at most either divergent, figs. 63-67, or con- with a flattened area, fig. 78 17 vergent, figs. 54-62, at apex 9 15. Pronotum narrowed to a distinctly Tarsal claws with membranous lobes necklike anterior portion; head nar- flaplike (pseudarolia), arising from rowed posteriorly and appearing inner margin of claw itself, figs. 42- stalked; hemelytra colorless, trans- 53; frequently hooked to form a re- parent and glassy with a Y-shaped cess from which the pseudarolia red or fuscous mark, fig. 98 {Hyali- 18 appear to arise, fig. 52 odes, p. 57) Dicyphinae, p. 52

9. Arolia convergent at apex, figs. 54-62. Pronotum not greatly narrowed anter- Orthotylinae, p. 74 iorly, figs. 70, 71; head sometimes Arolia divergent at apex, figs. 63-67 ... 10 narrowed posteriorly but not stalked, fig. 71; hemelytra not colorless and 10. Pronotum with a prominent ridge run- 16 ning from the postero-lateral corner glassy of the pronotum almost to the anter- 16. Eyes distinctly removed from posterior ior corner, fig. 69; and with pleural margin of head, fig. 71; pronotum suture situated some distance from with calli represented by a smooth, anterior margin and terminating depressed shining area forming a under ridge Mirinae, p. 124 second "collar," fig. 71 Pronotum with this ridge either absent Clivinemini, p. 64 or represented for only a short dis- Eyes bordering on posterior margin of tance 11 head, figs. 70, 105; pronotum with

11. Posterior portion of head elongate, fig. calli not depressed below level of 143, so that the eyes are situated adjacent area ot pronotum their own length from pronotum Deraeocorinae, p. 64 {CoUaria, p. 126) .. .Mirinae, p. 124 17. Anterior portion of pronotum set off by Posterior portion of head short so a dark, impressed line running from that the eyes almost touch or do antero-lateral corner to posterior touch the pronotum, fig. 154 12 margin of calli, fig. 72 Largideini, p. 63 12. Pronotum markedly widest at poster- Anterior portion of pronotum without ior margin, figs. 155, 180; hemelytra 79.- with corium and cuneus distinctly such a line, figs. 77, Phylinae, 22 defined as sclerotized areas and set p. off from the apical membrane 18. Dorsal outline almost circular, fig. 99, Capsinae, p. 131 and pronotum with narrow, ringlike September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 21 u^ys'^'^jg^

.38vi .39 40i

MIRID TJRSJL CLAWS

Fig. 30. 22 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1

collar well marked, fig. 73 (Monaloc- ing almost to hind coxae; hemely-

oris, p. 58) Bryocorinae, p. 58 tra fully developed in both sexes . . . Either dorsal outline much more Teleorhinus, p. 52 Second antennal segment linear or elongate, fig. 97, or pronotal collar slightly thickened at apex, fig. absent, fig. 77 19 80; beak reaching middle coxae; females 19. Tibiaewithoutspines, only hair. Short, brachypterous or wingless 3 robust species, figs. 100, 101, with the pronotum greatly swollen poster- 3. Second antennal segment linear; pseudarolia attached at base of iorly and the areole demarked by a claw, free apically, fig. females single, angulate, thick vein {Sixeo- 47; wingless Coquillettia, p. 52 notus, p. 59, and Pycnoderes, p. 60) Second antennal segment slightly Bryocorinae, p. 58 thickened at apex, fig. 80; pseuda- Tibiae with spines which project be- rolia completely jointed to claw, fig. yond hair, fig. 17; either more 46; females brachypterous elongate, slender species, fig. 97; or Orectoderus, p. 52 pronotum only moderately enlarged 4. Cuneus white or very light yellow, posteriorly, fig. 87; or areole divided with transverse black bar across into large and small parts, fig. 17. . .20 middle; membrane dark brown or 20. Pronotum wide, without collar or black, with prominent white mar- collarlike area, figs. 77, 87 ginal spots, fig. 93; pseudarolia Phylinae, p. 22 large, attached onlv at basal angles narrower, anterior portion Pronotum and extending free and parallel with somewhat necklike, with a collar or claws to tips, fig. 52 coUarhke flat area, figs. 78, 97 21 Macro tylus, p. 51 21. Hind tarsi very long and slender, fig. Wings not marked as in fig. 93; pseu- 74; second segment very long, claws darolia large and completely united small Dicyphinae, p. 52 with claws, fig. 46; or pseudarolia Hind tarsi stouter, figs. 75, 76; second minute or wanting, figs. 38-43. ... 5

segment not much longer than third . 22 5. Vertex and pronotum bearing silvery, 22. Hind tibiae with a few black spines at scalelike hairs, these hairs some- apex, fig. 76; tarsal segments robust; times in tufts 6 tarsal claws long, figs. 46, 47, sharply Vertex and pronotum not bearing sil- curved at extreme apex very, scalelike hairs 11 Phylinae, p. 22 6. Head transverse, front vertical, not Hind tibiae with no black spines at protruding in front of antennal

apex, fig. 75; tarsal segments bilater- bases as seen from dorsal aspect. . . ally compressed; tarsal claws short, Rhinacloa, p. 50

figs. 52, 53, evenly curved from base Head produced in front of antennal Dicyphinae, p. 52 bases, fig. 89 7 7. Tylus sharply produced, apex acute, PHYLINAE fig. 91 Criocoris, p. 49 KEY TO GENERA Tylus not produced, apex blunt 8 8. Second antennal segment strongly 1. Pronotum nearly triangular with a thickened Atractotomus, p. 51 more or less flattened apical collar, Second antennal segment linear, not but this collar not set off" from disk thicker than first segment 9 a distinct carina, of pronotum by 9. Length of second antennal segment usually constricted fig. 78; abdomen less than width of head across eyes at base, as in fig. 136 2 Lepidopsallus, p. 46 Pronotum wider without a flattened Length of second antennal segment apical collar, figs. 77-79; abdomen greater than width of head across never constricted at base 4 eyes 10

2. Second antennal segment strikingly 10. Pseudarolia attached only at base of clavate, its thickness at apex more claw, tip free and extending to than twice that at base; beak reach- middle of claw, fig. 43; color green- .

September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 23

Fig. 68. —Head and pronotum of Fulvius Fig. 73.— Head and pronotum of Monaloc- bmnneus. oris filicis.

74. tenuicornis. T?;„ An c nf- J 1 L , I.. "&•'•Fie. — Tarsi of Macrolophus rig. 09.—o^ufrothorax or Mtrts dolabratus, lat- / eral aspect, showing the prominent lateral ridge Y\s,. 75.—Tarsi of Dicyphus vestitia. characteristic of the Mirinae. Fig. 76.—Tarsi of Orectoderus obliquus. Fig. 70. of Derae- — Head and pronotum ^. ..» tt , , r r.; '• of Plagiogna- oco7-is nubilus. '^S- ' — Head and pronotum thus albifacies. Fig. 71.— Head and pronotum of Bothynotus pj 78.— Pronotal disk of Orectoderus ob- ^'<"i^^t^^^- liquUS, cf

Fig. 72. — Head and pronotum of Largidea Fig. 79.—Head and pronotum of Macrotylus grossa. amoenus. .

24 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1

ish yellow, with large, well-marked, 13. Hemelytra black, with a transverse dark brown areas light mark extending across middle Reuteroscopus, p. 48 of clavus, fig. 92; male antennae Pseudarolia united with claw, fig. 39; with first and second segments color dark brown, or yellow with greatly thickened, fig. 92 minute, darker markings Leucopoecila, p. 50

Psallus, p. 43 Hemelytra uniformly dark brown to black, never with a pale mark extending across clavus; male antennae slender, scarcely thicker than in female Chlamydatus, p. 25 14. Pseudarolia large, projecting slightly beyond apices of claws, as in fig. 45; disk of prosternal xyphus depressed, and with elevated margins 15 Pseudarolia minute, not reaching tips of claws, figs. 40, 42; disk of prosternal xyphus convex, margins not elevated 16

15. Rostrum not extending beyond hind coxae; head only moderately, obliquely produced Lopus, p. 51 Rostrum extending to middle of venter; head strongly produced anteriorly Amblytylus, p. 51 16. Margin of compound eye well separated from antennal fossa, minimum space between the two more than one-third as great as diameter of Fig. 80. Antenna oi Orectoderus — obliquus,(J' antennal fossa; margin of compound Fig. 81. Antenna of Rhinacloa — forticornis, eye near antennal fossa almost 9. straight, fig. 83 Fig. 82.—Antenna of Alractotomus magni- 42 cornis. A, cf; B, 9. Microsynamma, p. Fig. 83.—Head of Microsynamma hoke- Margin of compound eye almost or manni, cf. quite touching antennal fossa, min- Fig. 84.—Head of Plagiognathus hlatchleyi, imum space between the two not more than one-eighth as great as Fig. 85.—Antenna of Rhinocapsus vandu- diameter of antennal fossa; margin zeei. of compound eye more or less Fig. 86.—Antenna of Microphylellus modes- emarginate near antennal fossa, tus. fig. 84 17

11. Length of second antennal segment 17. Hind tibiae with dark spines, these spines without dark spots at bases. 18 less than width of head across eyes; light in species in which the two are al- Hind tibiae with yellow to almost most equal, hind femora not light colorless spines, or with dark spines with numerous dark spots 12 having dark spots at bases 20 Length of second antennal segment 18. General color bright yellowish green, greater than width of head across with large, well-marked, dark brown eyes; in species in which the two are areas; pseudarolia attached at base almost equal, hind femora light with of claw, tip free and extending to numerous dark spots 14 middle of claw, fig. 43 12. Femora light colored, with conspicu- Reuteroscopus, p. 48 ous black General color dark red,- or brown to spots on ventral surface. .

Campylomma, p. 25 black; pseudarolia completely Femora dark brown to black or en- united with claw, figs. 38-40 19 tirely light, without dark spots. ... 13 19. General color dark red; second anten- .

September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 25

nal segment slightly swollen at insect has been taken also on J'erbena stricta

apex, so as to become as wide as and Brassica nigra. It is known to breed first segment, fig. occasionally 85 on apple {Pyrus malus) ; some-

Rhinocapsus, p. 40 times it is attracted to colonies of aphids,

General color brown to black; second where it feeds on their honeydew. antennal segment linear, not so Known Distribution.—A common spe- wide as first segment, fig. 86 cies in the eastern United States and Can- Microphylellus, p. 40 ada. This species came originally from Eu- 20. Mesopleuron with flattened, scalelike rope, but has long been established in North

pubescence Psallus, p. 43 America. It is quite common almost every- Mesopleuron always without flat- where m.ullein grows. tened, scalelike pubescence Illinois Records. — One hundred seven

Plagiognathus, p. 26 males and 84 females, taken May 30 to

Aug. 1, are from Antioch, Areola, Bloom- Campylomma Renter ington, Delavan, Galena, Kankakee, Monti- cello, Mount Carroll, Starved Rock State Campylomma verbasci (Meyer) Park, Urbana.

Ciipsia verbasci Meyer (1843, p. 70). Male.—Fig. 87. Length 2.50, width 1.10. Chlamydatus Curtis General color pale testaceous to yellowish, mesoscutum and base of scutellum becoming KEY TO SPECIES

1. All femora black, with narrow areas at tips light yellowish; length 2.00-

2.30 suavis, p. 26 Front and middle femora more or less yellow 2

2. Front and middle femora clear yellow, hind femora black with apex yellow; length 2.50 associatus, p. 25 All femora black with apical one-third

yellow pulicarius, p. 26

Chlamydatus associatus (Uhler)

Agalliastes associatus Uhler (1872, p. 419). Adults.—Length 2.50, width 1.00. Body mostly black. Front and middle legs, hind tibiae and first two segments of all tarsi, yellowish. Third and fourth antennal segments pale fuscous. Food Plant.—Ragweed {Ambrosia sp.). Known Distrib ution. — Commonly found in the United States and Canada wherever ragweed grows. Illinois Records. Ninety-nine males and Fig. 87.— Campylomma verbasci, cf — 86 females, taken May 14 to Nov. 1, are fulvous, disk of cuneus pale fuscous. Tylus, from Algonquin, Allerton, Alton, Amboy, apical half of first antennal segment and Antioch, Bloomington, Centralia, Cham- slender area at base of second, large spots paign, Chicago, Decatur, Delavan, Dubois, on femora and tibiae, black. Body beneath Elizabethtown, Galena, Galesburg, Graf- dark brown; clothed with simple, dusky to ton, Grand Detour, Grand Tower, Hardin, blackish pubescence. Membrane uniformly Harrisburg, Havana, Herod, Keithsburg, pale smoky. Lawrenceville, Monticello, Murphysboro, Female.—Length 2.90; width 1.30. Normal, Oak Lawn, Oakwood, Oquawka, Host Plants.—In Illinois the common- Oregon, Quincy, Rockford, Rockton, St. est host is mullein {J'erbascum sp. ). This Anne, St. Joseph, Savanna, Springfield, .

26 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin To/. 22, Art. 1

Starved Rock State Park, Tremont, Urbana, Cuneus pale, or uniformly fulvous to Zion. dark brown, sometimes dusky at

apex, but never distinctly black. . .20

Chlamydatus suavis (Reuter) 5. Cuneus more or less pale at base 6 Cuneus uniformly black like corium, Agalliastes suavis Reuter (1876, p. 92). rarely somewhat pale at fracture. . . 13

Adults.—Length 2.28, width 0.97 ; slight- 6. Scutellum partly or completely pale, ly smaller than associatus (Uhler) ; entirely sometimes pale only at apex or black except the tibiae, which are pale along lateral margins 7 yellow. Scutellum uniformlv black 10 Food Plant.—Ragweed {Ambrosia sp.). 7. Scutellum Known Distribution.—Connecticut, Il- black along median line, linois, Iowa, Kansas, New York and south- with variable light-colored areas at ward. margins Illinois Records. — Twenty-one males obscurus var. obscurus, p. 32 Scutellum pale line, and 35 females, taken June 5 to Sept. 19, along median are from Algonquin, Alto Pass, Carbondale, sometimes pale only at apex, or Champaign, Darwin, Dixon, Dubois, Eliza- almost entirely light colored with only basal beth, Evergreen Park, Fountain Bluf?, Free- angles blackish 8 port, Galesburg, Grand Tower, Havana, 8. Rostrum short, scarcely reaching Herod, Metropolis, Mount Carmel, Mur- bases of middle coxae; pronotal disk physboro, Rockford, Savanna, Starved Rock with broad, dark stripes, leaving State Park, Urbana. median line and lateral margins pale yellow gleditsiae, p. 37 Rostrum extending to hind coxae. ... 9 Chlamydatus pulicarius (Fallen) 9. Femora pale to light yellowish brown, Lygaeus pulicarius Fallen (1807, p. 95). hind pair with two rows of promi-

Not as yet collected in Illinois ; known nent black spots, these spots some- from Michigan, Minnesota, New York. times obscured with darker color; hind femora never noticeably black Plagiognathus Fieber at base and pale in middle; cuneus pale at base and along outer mar- KEY TO SPECIES gin; length 3.90-4.50 flavoscutellatus, p. 32 1 Tibial spines pale, without black spots at bases 2 Femora pale to black, usually black at Tibial spines dark, with a black spot base and pale in middle; in dark at base of each, these spots some- specimens femora black with only times apices pale; cuneus pale at base, but obsolete near apices of tibiae . 3 not along outer margin; length 3.80 2. Almost colorless; first antennal seg-

-4.00 . politus var. flaveolus, p. 29 ment with two black lines; a black line near apices of dorsal and ventral 10. Pronotum and hemelytra black; cu- margins of femora; hind femora with neus with a small, light-colored spot single black spot on anterior aspect at base, or with apex paler than base 11 nigrolineatus, p. 34 Color yellowish, antennae and femora Pronotum pale at posterior margin, without black lines; hind femora corium chiefly light yellowish brown with a few small fuscous points on or ivory white, but with a large, anterior face sericeus, p. 34 somewhat ovate, fuscous spot on 3. Second antennal segment dark fuscous apical half; cuneus pale, with a to black, sometimes slightly paler at small black spot at apex middle, but always with more area .... obscurus var. fraternus, p. 32 black than light 4 11. Femora yellowish, with one or two Second antennal segment chiefly pale, rows of black spots on anterior face, blackish only at base 31 pubescence yellowish to golden; 4. Cuneous partly or entirely black, length 4.00 cuneatus, p. 34 never chieflv brown 5 Femora black, pale at apices 12

I September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 27

12. Cuneus pale only on base; pubescence latus var. nigrofemoratus, p. 34 white; length 3.50 Rostrum extending only to middle of

politus var. politus, p. 29 intermediate coxae; black, cuneus Cuneus pale at apex and along outer unitormly black like corium margin; pubescence yellowish to nigritus, p. 34 golden cuneatus, p. 34 20. Rostrum short, not attaining posterior 13. Rostrum and legs chiefly yellowish, margin of sternum or base of middle femora with black spots, or with coxae; Irons with quadrate black black spots and lines 14 spot on either side Rostrum and legs black or obscured gleditsiae, p. 37 with very dark brown 16 Rostrum extending to or beyond mid- 14. Hind femora with black line above dle coxae 21 and one on ventral margin ol apical 9]_ Length of second antennal segment halt, also tour or five black spots on equal to or less than width of pro- anterior aspect notum at base 22 annulatus var. annulatus, p. 34 Length ot second antennal segment Hind femora without black lines above greater than witlth ot pronotum at and below 15 base 26 15. Length 3.80-4.00; legs orange yellow, 99 Rostrum not extending beyond middle hind femora with four or five black coxae brevirostris, p. 33 spots on antero-dorsal line, a second, Rostrum extending bevond middle less conspicuous row of dots just coxae 23 beneath, and a single spot just below at middle of apical halt 23. Femora very dark brown, without definite spots cornicola, 38 negundinis, p. 33 p. anterior Length 3.00; legs yellowish, femora Femora with fuscous spots on with small, rather inconspicuous, face, or uniformly pale with spots 24 fuscous dots arranged in series on indistinct or absent

anterior face repetitus, p. 40 24. Hind femora with two rows ot tuscous dull 16. Femora, tibiae and antennae very spots on anterior face; body of dark brown; third antennal segment yellowish brown, with lower halt of duskv to fuscous, scarcely paler head and under surface body than second segment; hemelytra black fulvidus, p. 37 very dark brown, somewhat trans- Hind femora with tuscous spots either absent, a lucent, pubescence yellowish to grouped on distal halt, or dusky; length 4.00 dark line forming above; body pale to greenish yellow, ventral surface laricicola, p. 39 25 Femora black except at extreme tips; not darker tibiae pale, with prominent black 25. Pronotum and hemelytra unitormly

spots 17 light yellowish brown or greenish. . 35 . var. blatchleyi, 17. Length ot second antennal segment blatchleyi p. half pronotal disk, apical less than width ot head plus width Basal of disk of clavus of vertex 18 half of corium, and dark yellowish brown Length ot second antennal segment darkened with greater than width of head plus or black var. nubilus, 35 width of vertex 19 blatchleyi p. mostly pale; 18. Deep black, strongly shining, with -"• First antennal segment setiger- white pubescence; length 3.00 narrow area at base and two ous spots on apical half black nigronitens, p. 30 albifacies, 3S Very dark brown, moderately shining, p.

black . 27 with golden yellow pubescence; First antennal segment entirely length 3.50 cornicola, p. 38 27. Rostrum not extending beyond middle 28 19. Rostrum extending to hind coxae; coxae extending beyond middle very dark brown, sometimes slightly Rostrum 29 translucent at cuneal fracture coxae annu- 28. Body and wings uniformly straw Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1 28 Illinois Natural History Survey

colored or slightly tinged with yel- black only on base; hind femora black spot on lower low atricornis, p. 35 pale, a single Bodv dark; hemelytra black, basal margin near apex davisi, p. 38 one-third to one-half of embolium First antennal segment mostly black, and corium pale, rarely dark; cu- small area at apex pale; hind femora black neus pale to fulvous, apex frequent- with two rows of prominent anterior face 38 ly dusky; length 4.30-4.70 spots on brevirostris, p. 33 38. Rostrum not extending beyond middle punctatipes. 39 29. Hemelytra without pale areas; gen- coxae p. middle eral color light yellowish brown; Rostrum extending beyond 39 tylus, lora and sternum black coxae rosicola, p. 36 39. Cuneus pale at base

Hemelytra fuscous with pale areas. . .30 dispar var. dispar, p. 39 uniformly black 30. Pale area of corium limited by claval Cuneus suture; smaller forms, length 3.70- dispar var. crataegi, p. 39 4.60 40. Length of second antennal segment obscurus var. albocuneatus, p. 32 just equal to width of head across Pale area of corium limited by radial eyes, first and second segments vein; females with fuscous area on equally thick syrticolae, p. 31 apical half of corium divided into Length of second antennal segment two spots by pale stripe which ex- distinctly greater than width of tends along radius and joins that of head 41 cuneus; larger forms, length 4.50- 41. Cuneus pale at base; second antennal 4.90 alboradialis, p. 31 segment with basal one-fourth 31. Scutellum, and usually entire dorsum black; body narrower as well, black 32 pallidicornis, p. 30 Scutellum pale or light yellowish Cuneus uniformly black like corium; brown, sometimes dark brown, fre- second antennal segment with a quently the median line blackish, narrow black area at base, apex but the basal angles distinctly dusky; body more ovate, deep paler; hemelytra more or less pale, black, strongly shining flavicornis, 30 in darkest forms very dark brown, p. but always somewhat translucent. .42 42. Dorsum uniformly greenish yellow, black 32. Hemelytra uniformly brownish and clothed with prominent translucent; thorax and scutellum pubescence; bases of first and sec- black suffuscipennis, p. 40 ond antennal segments black, a near Hemelytra uniformly black, or black- second black annulus present apex of first segment ish with paler areas 33 chrysanthemi, p. 31 33. Cuneus very light yellow or reddish. .34 Dorsum darkened or marked with Cuneus chiefly black 36 fuscous; pubescence pale; antennae 34. Femora mostly black, only bases and not marked as above 43 narrow area at tips pale albo- 43. Second antennal segment uniformly notatus var. albonotatus, p. 31 pale, sometimes with a narrow or reddish, with two rows Femora pale dusky area at base 44 spots on anterior of prominent black Second antennal segment black at posterior aspect also spotted face; base 46 with black 35 44. First antennal segment pale; dorsum and femora more or less red- 35. Cuneus pale, thickly dotted with minute tinctus, 31 dish tinctus var. p. reddish brown or dusky brown

yellowish. . . Cuneus straw colored or spots guttulosus, p. 40 31 tinctus var. debilis, p. Fiist antennal segment black; scutel- 36. Femora pale or fulvous, usually lum and cuneus pale; femora with spotted with black 37 black spots 45

Femora black, pale only at apices. . . .40 45. Scutellum and cuneus pale 37. First antennal segment mostly pale, albatus var. albatus, p. 36 September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 29

Median line of scutellum and apical Rostrum not attaining hind margins halt ot cuneus blackish of posterior coxae 53 albatus var. vittiscutis, p. 36 53. Hemelytra, except along basal half 46. Scutellum uniformly colored, or with of radius, dark brown or yellowish median line paler than basal angles. 47 brown; most of dorsum dull yellow- Scutellum with median line blackish, ish brown to tawnv, sides of pro- darker than lateral areas, which are notal disk and median line of scutel- yellowish or light brown 50 lum dark brown caryae, p. 38 47. Femora rather uniformly dark except Hemelytra black, outer half of clavus, at apices, black spots indistinct; basal half of corium and area ex- scutellum uniformly colored, usual- tending along claval suture to apex ly dark yellowish brown or walnut pale and translucent colored, similar to dorsum repletus var. apicatus, p. 38

cornicola, p. 38 Femora pale or light yellowish brown, Plagiognathus politus Uhler

with distinct lines of black spots. . .48 Plagiognathtis politus Uhler (1895, p. 52). 48. Length of rostrum less than width of Male.—Length 3.50, width 1.30; ovate, pronotum; length of second anten- shining black; clothed with simple, pale or na! segment only slightly greater white pubescence. Femora dark fuscous to

than width of head; length 3.30. . . black, apices pale. Rostrum yellowish at delicatus, p. 37 middle, apex slightly surpassing hind coxae. Length of rostrum distinctly greater Antennae black, tip of first segment pale, than basal width of pronotum; third and fourth pale or tinged only with length of second antennal segment fuscous. Tibiae pale or yellowish, with bases nearly equal to width of head plus darker, and tibial spines with black spots width of vertex; length 4.10 49 surrounding their bases. 49. Calli and two longitudinal stripes on Female.—Length 3.80, width 1.60; very corium black; cuneus black, with similar to male but more robust. margins pale Adults appearing after July, apparently .... salicicola var. salicicola, p. 36 of the second brood, are lighter in color, Dorsum uniformly pale, brownish usually having the scutellum and mesal areas markings only very faintly indi- of the pronotum straw colored. They do not cated differ structurally from the typical form

. . . .salicicola var. depallens, p. 36 and belong to the variety flaveolus Knight

50. Cuneus uniformly light colored 51 (1923^, p. 434).

Cuneus brownish or black at apex. . .52 Food Plants.—Ragweed {Ambrosia sp.), other herbace- 51. Rostrum scarcely attaining hind mar- goldenrod {Solidago sp.) and gins of middle coxae; propleura ous plants, particularly composits ; reared clothed only with slender pubes- from apple {Pyrus malus), where the cence; femora distinctly spotted nymphs fed on the tender foliage. In Illi- with black although these dots at nois, specimens have been taken also on times are slightly obscured at apex. hickory (Carya sp.), willow {Salix sp.), {Betiila sp.), cypress {Taxodium repletus var. repletus, p. 38 birch Rostrum extending beyond middle distichum), oak {Quercus sp.), hazelnut coxae; propleura clothed with silky {Corylus sp.), red cedar {Juniperus vir- pubescence; femora more or less giniana), coralberry {Symphoricarpos orbi- black on apical half, but black areas culatus), locust {Robinia pseudoacacia) and {Firms strobus). scarcely forming distinct spots. . . . pine dis- . . albonotatus var. compar, p. 31 Known Distribution.—Commonly 52. Rostrum attaining hind margins of tributed east of the 100th meridian. forty- posterior coxae; basal half of corium Illinois Records.—Four hundred to and more or less broad area on six males and 505 females, taken June 2 either side of claval suture white; Nov. 1, are from Albion, Algonquin, Aller- paler areas never brownish, darker ton, Alton, Alto Pass, Amboy, Anna, An- areas distinctly black tioch, Beverly Hills, Bloomington, Bluff Carbondale, similis, p. 37 Springs, Browns, Bureau, 30 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1

Champaign, Charleston, Chicago, Cypress, is shining black, with the cuneus uniformly Danville, Darwin, Decatur, Delavan, Dol- black like the corium. son, Dubois, Eichorn, Elizabethtown, Equal- Male.—Length 3.00, width 1.20. Head ity, Forest Park, Fountain Bluff, Fox Lake, width 0.64, vertex 0.33. Rostrum scarcely Freeport, Galena, Galesburg, Glencoe, Gol- attaining posterior margin of middle coxae. conda, Grand Detour, Grand Tower, Antennae, first segment, length 0.22, black; Grandview, Grayville, Hamilton, Hardin, second, 0.78, black, extreme tip pale; third, Harrisburg, Havana, Herod, Hillsboro, 0.66, pale; fourth, 0.45, dusky. Pronotum, Homer, Joliet, Jonesboro, Kampsville, length 0.53, width at base 1.03. Hemelytral Kankakee, Kansas, Kappa, Karnak, Keiths- margins very slightly arcuate; uniformly burg, Lawrenceville, Mahomet, Makanda, black, shining; cuneus never pale at base; Marshall, Mason City, McClure, Mere- clothed with pale yellowish pubescence. dosia. Metropolis, Monticello, Mounds, Membrane uniformly pale fuscous, a pale Mount Carmel, Mount Forest, Muncie, triangular spot bordering cuneus. Legs New Milford, Newton, Normal, Oakwood, black, femora light in color at extreme tips; Oquawka, Oregon, Palos Park, Paxton, tibiae yellowish, spines with black spots at Quincy, River Forest, Rockford, Rockton, bases, hind pair becoming infuscated on St. Anne, St. Joseph, Seymour, Shawnee- basal one-third. town, Sparland, Springfield, Starved Rock Female.—Length 3.00, width 1.30; very State Park, Ullin, Urbana, Vienna, Volo, slightly more robust than male but very Ware, Warren, Warsaw, Waukegan, West similar in coloration. Union, White Heath, White Pines Forest Food Plant.—Ragweed {Ambrosia sp.), State Park, Willow Springs, York, Zion. sunflower {Helianthus sp.). Known Distribution.—Colorado, Illi- Plagiognathus pallidicornis Knight nois, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Ontario, Plagiognathus politiis var. pallidicornis South Dakota. Knight (1923^, 435). p. Illinois Records.—Eighteen males and This species is allied to politus Uhler, but 28 females, taken May 12 to Aug. 1, are is easily to be distinguished by its pale anten- from Antioch, Champaign, Dubois, Fountain nae and shorter rostrum. Bluff, Goreville, Grand Tower, Metropolis, Male.—Length 3.50, width 1.47. Head Muncie, Oakwood, Vienna, Volo. width 0.71, vertex 0.37. Antennae, first segment, length 0.24, black; second, 0.91, Plagiognathus flavicornis Knight pale, black at base; third, 0.65, pale; fourth, 0.39, pale. Rostrum, length 1.21, reaching Plagiognathus flavicornis Knight (1923^^, only to middle of hind coxae. General color p. 436). is larger robust than nigro- black, moderately shining, pubescence pale, This and more nitens Knight about the same size as base of cuneus with a narrow, pale area; and ventral margin of propleura, mesoepimera politus Uhler, but the second antennal seg- and ostiolar peritremes white. ment is pale except for a narrow area at the base; the cuneus remains uniformly Female.—Length 3.40, width 1.56; slight- black like the corium. ly more robust but very similar to male in color and pubescence. Male.—Length 3.50, width 1.60. Head width 0.73, vertex 0.38. Rostrum scarcely Known Distribution.—Connecticut, Il- attaining hind margins of middle coxae. linois, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New York, Ontario. Antennae, first segment, length 0.28, black, apex pale; second, 1.16; third, 0.83, fuscous; Illinois Records.—Antioch : July 5-7, fourth, 0.55. Pronotum, length 0.61, width al., 1 1932, Frison et $ ; Aug. 1, 1930, at base 1.16. General color black, shining, Frison, \ 1 • Knight & Ross, S , ? including basal margin of cuneus; clothed with yellowish to dusky pubescence. Mem- Plagiognathus nigronitens Knight fuscous. brane and veins uniformly dark Ji Plagiognathus nigronitens Knight (1923^, Legs black, tips of femora pale; tibiae pale; i p. 435). knees and spot at base of spines black; spots This species is slightly smaller than poli- much reduced or absent on apical one-third. tus Uhler, with a shorter rostrum; the body Female.—Length 3.30, width 1.60; very — ; .

September. 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae. of Illinois 31

similar to male in coloration but more robust Holotype, male. —Waukegan, 111.: July in form. 6, 1932, on Salix syrticola, T. H. Prison Food Plant.—Sweet gale (Myrica gale). et al. Known Distribution.— Illinois, Massa- Allotype, female. —Same data as for chusetts, Minnesota, New York. holotype.

Illinois Records. Antioch : July 5-7, Paratypes. — Same data as for holotype, " '

1932, T. H. Prison, ; Aug. 1, 1930, \i 2i , 189. Prison, Knight & Ross, 3 S Cedar Lake:

Aug. 4, 1906, bog, 3 . Sun Lake: Aug. 9 9, Plagiognathus albonotatus Knight 1906, bog, 1 9 . Plagiognathus albonotatus Knight (1923d', 437). Plagiognathus chrysanthemi (WolfF) p. This is nearly the same size as politus Miris chrysanthemi Wolff (1804, p. 157). Uhler, but is slightly more robust; the P/agiognathus viridulus Renter (1878, p. 74). second antennal segment, except for its base, Known only from eastern Canada, New the cuneus, and the basal one-third or more England states, New York, Pennsylvania; of the corium, are pale. Europe. Peeds on the oxeye daisy, Clirys- Male.—Length 3.50, width 1.50. Head a tit he mum leucanthemum. width 0.71, vertex 0.36. Rostrum reaching hind coxae. Antennae, first segment, length Plagiognathus alboradialis Knight 0.28, black; second, 1.00; third, 0.70; fourth, Pla%io%nathns alboradialis Knitjht (1923^', 0.47. Pronotum, length 0.57, width at base ^ p. 439). 1.11. General color black, basal one-third Known from British Columbia, Connecti- of embolium and corium, and portion of cut, Maine, Newfoundland, New Hamp- the adjacent area on clavus, pale; mem- shire, New York, Ontario, Vermont. brane uniformly fuscous; body clothed with pale yellowish pubescence. Legs black; tibiae Plagiognathus syrticolae new species pale; knees, spines and spot at base of each spine, black; spots absent or much reduced This runs to flavicornis Knight in my key on apical one-third of tibiae. (Knight 1923^/, p. 431), but is distinguished Pemale.—Length 3.40, width 1.60. Very by the shorter and thicker second antennal similar to male, but slightly more robust. segment which, in length, just equals the Pronotal disk frequently with pale spot on width of the head. middle. Sides of venter more or less pale. Male.—Length 3.30, width 1.25. Head Specimens with more extensive pale areas width 0.69, vertex 0.34. Rostrum, length than the typical have been designated compar 1.08, reaching close to hind margins of hind

Knight (1923^/, p. 438) ; the two have been coxae, dark fuscous, paler at middle. Anten- found to occur together in Illinois. nae, first segment, length 0.19, black; second, Pood Pl.aNT. — Meadow-sweet {Spiraea 0.69, equal in thickness to first, yellowish, salicifolia) black at base, with close, pale pubescence Known Distribution.—Colorado, Illi- third, 0.43, yellowish; fourth, 0.31, pale. nois, Maine, Minnesota, New York, North Pronotum, length 0.52, width at base 1.00. Dakota, Ohio. General color black, moderately shining; Illinois Records.—Antioch : July 5-7, pubescence pale, with a few fuscous hairs \ 1 . 1932, Prison et al., $ , 9 Northern on corium and cuneus. Legs fuscous, tips Illinois: 1 9 • of femora paler, tibiae pale yellow, spines black, fuscous spots at bases of spines some- Plagiognathus tinctus Knight times rather small, tarsi pale, apices fuscous. Pemale.—Length 3.60, width 1.50. Head Plagiognathus albonotatus var. tinctus Knight width 0.69, vertex 0.36. Antennae, first seg- (1923^, p. 437). ment, length 0.22; second, 0.69, third, 0.43; The size and color in this species are sug- fourth, 0.30. Very similar to male in form, gestive of albonotatus Knight, but the pale color and pubescence. areas are tinged red. Host Plant.—Sand willow {Salix syrtic- Male.—Length 3.70, width 1.50. Head ola), a willow known only from the shores width 0.69, vertex 0.30. Rostrum just reach- of the Great Lakes. ing hind margins of middle coxae. Antennae. , .

32 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin' Fol. 22, Art. 1

first segment, length 0.22 ; second, 0.86, pale, on anterior face, irregularly spotted on pos- narrow area at base black; third, 0.53, pale; terior face. fourth, 0.34. Pronotum, length 0.58, width Pemale.—Length 4.30, width 1.70; more at base 1.08. Body black; basal one-third robust than male, usually pale areas broader. of corium and embolium, adjacent area of Scutellum except base, area just before calli, clavus, cuneus and vertex, pale, but hypo- and slight vitta on median line at base of dermis tinged reddish ; clothed with pale pronotal disk, pale. Embolium, claval su- yellowish pubescence. Membranes fuscous, ture, anal ridges joining with base of cuneus, pale on veins and near apex of cuneus. Legs pale. Legs more fulvous than in male. pale to reddish, hind femora with two rows Pood Plant.—Sandbar willow {Salix of black X markings. longifolia) Female.—Length 3.50, width 1.50; very Known Distribution.—New England similar to male in form and coloration. states westward to Iowa, Minnesota and Paler specimens lacking red in the hypo- Nebraska. dermis, referable to variety debilis Blatch- Illinois Records.—Eighteen males and 12 ley (1926^, p. 941), were taken in company females, taken June 1 to July 8, are from with the typical form. Beardstown, Elizabeth, Preeport, Grand Host Plant.—Sandbar willow {Salix Tower, Mount Carmel, Oakwood, Proph- longifolia) . A single Illinois specimen was etstown, Thebes, West Union, White taken on red cedar {J uniperus zirginiana) Heath. but probably did not feed on that plant. Known Distribution.— Illinois, Iowa, Plagiognathus obscurus Uhler Minnesota, Ohio, Pennsylvania. Plagiognathus obscurus Uhler (1872, p. 418). Illinois Records. — Galesburg: June, Female.—Fig. 88. Length 4.40, width 1°. Grand Detour: July 2, 1932, on 1.69; larger and more elongate than alho- Salix sp., Dozier & Mohr, 4 (J , 6 $ . Ha- notatus Knight, moderately shining, with vanna: June 23, 1926, Prison & Hayes, pale yellowish pubescence. Rostrum scarcely 1 i . Kampsville: June 10, 1932, on Ju- reaching hind margins of posterior coxae. niperus virginiana, H. L. Dozier, 1 i . Antennae fuscous to black, first segment Marshall: June 14, 1933, Prison & Ross,

\ $ , 1 $ . Monticello: July 19, 1932, on

Salix sp., T. H. Prison. 1 $ . Prophets- town : July 7, 1925, T. H. Prison, 1 i . Rockford: July 5, 1932, on Salix sp.,

Dozier & ]\Iohr, 1 9 • Urbana: Sept. 1,

1930, T. H. Prison, 1 i .

Plagiognathus flavoscutellatus Knight

Plagiognathiis flavoscutellatus Kniaht {\92id, p. 440).

This may be distinguished by its pale scutellum and fulvous femora with two rows of black spots. Male.—Length 4.40, width 1.67. Head width 0.80, vertex 0.36. Rostrum reaching to middle of hind coxae. Antennae black; first segment, length 0.31; second, 1.43; third, 0.88; fourth, 0.47. Pronotum, length 0.68, width at base 1.29. General color black; basal half of embolium and corium, apex of embolium, base and outer margin of cuneus. pale to yellow, pale color on corium limited by radial vein. Membrane uniformly fuscous, spot bordering apex of cuneus and veins pale or yellowish. Legs fulvous to dark

brown ; femora with two rows of black spots Fig. 88.— Plagiognathus obscurus. .

September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 33

pale at extreme apex. Pronotum blackish, apical half, sometimes with two or three calli and central area of disk pale; scutellum smaller dots, and two subapical black spots black, lateral margins more or less pale; beneath ; tibiae yellow ; knees, spines, and sternum, pleura and ostiolar peritremes spots at bases of spines, black. Clothed with black. Hemelytra mostly black; basal one- recumbent, yellowish to dusky brown pubes- third of embolium and corium, and adjacent cence. area of clavus, pale ; cuneus pale, but apex Female.—Length 3.80, width 1.40; very distinctly blackish. Legs pale to yellowish; similar to male in pubescence and coloration. base of hind coxae, line on apical half of A variety, fulvotinctus Knight ( \929d, dorsal margin of femora, and two rows of p. 264), is known from Iowa; it differs spots just beneath, black. Venter blackish, from the typical negundinis in that the em- more or less pale on sides. bolium, basal half of corium, outer margin Known Distribution.—Colorado, Illi- of clavus on basal half, and basal half of nois, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, cuneus are pale to orange yellow New York, Nova Scotia, Quebec. Food Plant.—Box Elder {Acer negun- An extremely light form of this species do ) in which the cuneus is uniformly pale or Known Distribution.— Illinois, Iowa, yellowish, and in which broad, pale areas Minnesota. are sometimes present on the dorsum, is the Illinois Records.—Fox Lake: June 10, variety albocuneatus Knight (1923c/, p. 438). 1936, Ross & Burks, 1 $ . Galena: June

\ 1 . Those specimens of this species having the 30, 1932, Dozier & Mohr, $ , $ Ha- scutellum entirely black may be designated vanna: May 31, 1933, C. O. Mohr, 2$, variety fraternus Uhler (1895, p. 51). This 3?. Oquawka: June 13, 1932, H. L. variety was originally described as a species, Dozier, 2 $ . Putnam: June 2, 1933, Mohr

1 . but the examination of a large amount of k Townsend, 2 i , $ Urbana: June 20, material, from Colorado as well as the east- 1932, Frison & Ross, 1 ?. Volo: July 8, ern states, has led to the conclusion that 1932, Ross, Dozier & Mohr, 1 i . fraternus is nothing more than a variety of obscurus. In Illinois material, intergrades Plagiognathus brevirostris Knight occur between all these varietal forms, which Plagiognathus brevirostris Knisiht (1923(7, are together in the field. found p. 441). Illinois Records. Fifty-four males and — The general aspect of this species is very 60 females collected June 2 to Sept. 13 are similar to that of obscurus var. albocuneatus from Algonquin, Antioch, Elizabeth, Fox Knight, but it is larger and more elongate Lake, Frankfort, Galena, Mason City, and the cuneus usually is tinged with ful- Rockton, Rosiclare, Savanna, Starved Rock vous; it is distinguished by the short ros- State Park, Urbana, Volo, Waukegan, Zion. trum, which does not reach the hind margins of the middle coxae. Plagiognathus negundinis Knight Male.—Length 4.60, width 1.80. Head vertex 0.37. Rostrum reaching Pla<^io'^nathus negundinis Knight {\929d, width 0.79, p. 263). middle of intermediate coxae. Antennae,

This species is allied to annulatus Uhler, first segment, length 0.35; second, 1.43; but differs in having a longer second anten- third, 1.00; fourth, 0.54. Pronotum, length nal segment which, in the male, equals or 0.63, width at base 1.26. General color slightly exceeds the width of the pronotum black, moderately shining, embolium and

at its base. basal half of corium pale, dark color fre- Male.—Length 4.00, width 1.36. Head quently invading apical half of embolium, width 0.72, vertex 0.37. Rostrum reaching sometimes pale color extending along claval to middle of hind coxae. Antennae black; suture to anal ridge; cuneus pale, usually first segment, length 0.27; second, 1.20; tinged with fulvous; apex sometimes dusky. Legs black, femora frequently with rather third, 0.75 ; fourth, 0.35. Pronotum, length 0.62, width at base 1.17. General color broad, pale area at base; tibiae pale; knees, black, vertex pale. Legs orange yellow, hind spines and spots at base black. femora with a row of four or five black Female.—Length 4.00, width 1.89; short- spots on antero-dorsal line, also one spot on er and more robust than male; legs with median line of anterior face at middle of broader pale areas. 34 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Fol. 22, Art. 1

Known Distribution. — Newfoundland formly pale yellow, the same color as the and the New England states, westward to Tilia blossoms among which the insect re- Michigan, Illinois and Minnesota. treats; indistinct fuscous points on femora

Illinois Record.—Antioch : June 10, arranged in a double row, tibial spines pale

. to brownish. Body clothed with soft, recum- 1933, Mohr & Townsend, 2$ , 3 $ bent, simple pubescence of pale to golden Plagiognathus cuneatus Knight yellow color. Female.—Length 3.50, width 1.50. Col- Plagio?;nathus annulatus var. cuneatus Knight oration and pubescence similar to those of (1923^, p. 442). male. This form is allied to the typical annulatus FIosT Plant.—Basswood (Tilia ameri- Uhler, but the cuneus is pale at the base and cana) ; a single specimen was taken on elm sometimes at the lateral margin; the femora {Ulmus americana) , but may not have been are yellowish and spotted with black, but feeding on that tree. not black lines. the spots do form The adult stage is attained just as the Male.—Length 4.00, width 1.50. Head basswood flowers come into full bloom, and width 0.75, vertex 0.36. Rostrum extending the yellow color of the mature bugs matches to posterior margins of hind coxae. Anten- the color of the flowers perfectly. When nae black; first segment, 0.30; second, 1.22; disturbed the bugs hide among the petals fourth, 0.47. Pronotum, length third, 0.83 ; and are then difficult to see. 0.61, width at base 1.16. General color Known Distribution.—District of Co- black; cuneus pale to yellowish at base and lumbia, Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota. clothed with yellowish to lateral margin; Illinois Records.—Antioch: July 5-7, golden pubescence. fuscous. Legs Membrane Tilia sp., Frison et al., 1932, on T. H. 2 $ , pale to yellow; hind femora with two rows 3 $ . Kampsville: June 10, 1932, on Tilia of small fuscous spots on anterior face, sp., H. L. Dozier, 5^,29. Muncie: July sometimes clouded with fuscous. 1 1 • 22, 1932, Dozier & Park, ^ , 9 New Female.—Length 4.20, width 1.70; more Milford: July 3, 1936, Ross & Burks, 1 $ . robust than male but very similar in colora- light, 1 Urbana: July 2, 1914, at 9 ; June tion. 27, 1932, on elm, Frison & Ross, 1 9 . Wau- Food Plant. Wild aster {Aster sp.). — kegan: July 6, 1932, on Tilia sp., T. H. Distribution. Georgia, Illi- Known — et al., Frison U S , 89. nois, New Hampshire, New York, Texas, Vermont. — Plagiognathus annulatus Uhler Illinois Record. Elizabethtown :

1 1 . Plagiognathus May 27-31, 1932, H. L. Dozier, 5 , $ annulatus Uhler (1895, p. 51) Neither the typical form of this species Plagiognathus nigritus Knight nor the variety nigrofemoratus Knight (1923^/, p. 443) has yet been taken in Illi- Plagiognathus nigritus Knight (1923^, p. nois; known from Colorado, Connecticut 441). Massachusetts, Montana, New York. Known only from Colorado, Connecticut, Ohio. Plagiognathus nigrolineatus Knight

Plagiognathus sericeus (Heidemann) Plagiognathus nigrolineatus Knight (1923<^, p. 443).

Psallus sericeus Heidemann (1892, p. 226). This is uniformly pale greenish, with pale Plagiognathus tiliae Knight (1926/;, p. 252). pubescence; it may be distinguished by the This species is distinguished by its uni- black lines on the antennae and femora. formly pale yellow color and by a few small, Male.—Length 4.30, width 1.58. Head fuscous points on the anterior face of its width 0.75, vertex 0.33. Rostrum reaching hind femora. to middle of hind coxae. Antennae, first Male.—Length 3.30, width 1.34. Head segment, length 0.28, pale, two longitudinal width 0.74, vertex 0.31. Antennae uniformly black lines on dorsal surface; second, 1.38, yellowish; first segment, length 0.21 ; second, pale, a slender black line on anterior surface third, 1.08; 0.51; fourth, 0.31. Pronotum, extending from base to near middle; third, length 0.57, width at base 1.10. Body uni- 0.69, pale; fourth, 0.31. Pronotum, length . — —

September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 35

0.64, width at base 1.22. General color uni- Hardin: June 5-9, 1932, H. L. Dozier, formly pale green, translucent. Legs pale; \\ . i 13 9 . Karnak: June 23, 1932, Ross, slender line on dorsal margin of femora, line Dozier & Park, I9. Urbana: 1930, on on apical half of postero-ventral margin of Polymnia sp., T. H. Frison, , 2 (? 6 9 ; Aug a hind femora, and single dot on anterior 25, 1930. H. H. 1 Knight, 8^ , 9. face, black. Female. Length 4.30, width 1.66; simi- — Plagiognathus atricornis Knight lar to male in coloration.

Food Plant.—Bur oak (Quercus macro- Plagiognathus atricornis Knitjht (1926rt carpa) p. 9j. This Known Distribution. — Connecticut species is distinguished by its pale color, pale westward to Minnesota and southward to pubescence and black antennae.

Texas, its distribution nearly coinciding Male.—Length 3.50, width 1.20. Head width with the range of its host tree. 0.77, vertex 0.27. Eyes prominent, black. Illinois Records. — Dubois: May 15, Rostrum just attaining posterior margins of middle \ coxae. Antennae uni- 1916, i , 19; May 22, 1917, 4^ ,'l $ ; formly black; first segment, length May 23, 1917, 1 i . Frankfort: June 8. 0.24; second, 1.07; third, 0.66; fourth, 0.34. 1933, Mohr & Townsend, 1 $ . Monti- Pro- notum, length cello: June 11, 1934, Frison & DeLong, 0.54, width at base 1.03. I9. White Pines Forest State Park: General color pale greenish testaceous, pronotum distinctly green, calli yellowish ; on Quercus sp., Dozier & Mohr, 2 9 . hemelytra somewhat translucent, membrane and veins Plagiognathus albifacies Knight uniformly pale fumate. Legs pale, hind femora with a double row of prominent Pla%io%nathus albifacies Knight {\921b, p black spots; knees, tibial spines, and large 11). spots at base of spines, black. This species is allied to blatchleyi Reuter, Female.—Length 3.40, width 1.34. Form but is distinguished by its pale first antennal and coloration similar to those of male. segment, black sternum, longer head and Host Plant.—Specimens were taken in differently formed male genital claspers. Illinois on red birch {Betiila nigra). Male.—Length 4.40, width 1.50. Head Known Distribution. — Previously width 0.81, vertex 0.35. Rostrum just reach- known only from Pennsylvania. ing posterior margins of hind coxae. Anten- Illinois Record. Harrisburg: June 25. nae, first segment, length 0.39; second, 1.55; 1932, on Betula nigra. Ross, Dozier & Park, third, 1.14; fourth, 0.58. Pronotum, length

2c? , 19. 0.74, width at base 1.28. Hemelytra pale yellow, inner half of clavus and apical half of corium dusky to pale fuscous; cuneus pale Plagiognathus blatchleyi Reuter to dusky, translucent. Legs pale, femora Plagiognathus blatchleyi Reuter (1912rt, p. with two rows of black spots on anterior 61;. face, hind femora with antero-dorsal row Male.—Length 4.60, width 1.70; pale composed of six larger black spots. Genital greenish and yellowish brown ; clothed with claspers distinctive, the left clasper with pale yellowish pubescence, hairs becoming lateral or basal lobe much larger than in dusky on cuneus and apical half of corium blatchleyi. and embolium. Antennae black, third and Female.—Length 4.70, width 1.68. Very fourth segments pale fuscous, extreme apex similar to male in coloration and pubescence. of first and second segments pale. Tylus Food Plant.—Leafcup (Polynmia cana- black. Basal and apical segments of ros- densis). trum almost black. Legs nearly as in clirys- Known Distribution.— Illinois, Indi- anthemi (Wolff) but black spots on femora ana, Maryland. less conspicuous. Membrane fuscous, cen-

Illinois Records. Aldridge: May 8, tral area of apical half, veins and area in- 1932, H. L. Dozier, lo. Bloomington: vading each side, paler. July 18, 1932, T. H. Frison, 7 <5 , I9. Female.—Length 4.40, width 1.70; very Danville: Aug. 17, 1934, DeLong & Ross, similar to male in coloration, although mem- 29. Golconda: July 25, 1930, on Polym- brane, and sometimes antennae, slightly nia canadensis, paler. Knight & Ross, 48

All but one or two of the Illinois speci- Illinois Records.—Alton: July 19-21,

mens are darker than the typical form, with 1932, on Salix sp., Ross & Dozier, 2 $ .

a brown band developed across the basal Anna: June 6, 1884, 1 9 . Savanna: July half of the pronotum and the apical half of 23, 1892, on sandbar in Mississippi River, Forbes, 5 the clavus. These belong to the variety McElfresh, Hart & ? ; July riubilus Knight (1923^, p. 444). 25, 1892, from sandy island in Mississippi Food Plant.—Several specimens were River, McElfresh, Hart, Shiga & Forbes,

1 along railroad in taken in Illinois on ragweed {Ambrosia 5 , 5 5 ; July 26, 1892, sp.). bottomlands, McElfresh, Hart & Forbes,

of 1 1892, at light and sugar, Known Distribution.—District Co- ? ; July 27, Mc-

Massa- Elfresh, Shiga, Forbes & Hart, \ , 1 lumbia, Illinois, Maine, Maryland, $ $ ; chusetts, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Aug. 1, 1892, from willow, F. M. McEl- Virginia. fresh, 1(5. West Union: June 26, 1932,

Illinois Records.—Nineteen males and on Salix sp., Ross, Dozier & Park, 2 $ . 19 females, taken Aug. 10 to Oct. 6, are from Algonquin, Carbondale, Charleston, Plagiognathus rosicola Knight Elizabethtown, Havana, Jonesboro, Mounds, Oakwood, Rockford, Sparland, Plagiognathus rosicola Knight (1923J, p. Urbana. 446). This species is fulvo-testaceous, with the antennae, tylus, sternum, and prominent Plagiognathus salicicola Knight spots on the femora, black; the rostrum Plagiognathus salicicola Knight (1929^, p. reaches to the middle of the venter. 69). Male.—Length 4.30, width 1.64. Head This species is suggestive of delicatus width 0.75, vertex 0.33. Antennae black; (Uhler) but is easily distinguished by its first segment, length 0.31; second, 1.42; larger size and black markings; the cuneus third, 1.00; fourth, 0.44. Pronotum, length is black with pale margins. 0.66, width at base, 1.22. Color fulvo-testa- Male.—Length 4.10, width 1.50. Head ceous to fusco-brownish, clothed with yel- width 0.83, vertex 0.33. Rostrum extending lowish or golden pubescence; scutellum to middle of hind coxae. Antennae, first slightly darker than pronotum, disk of cu- segment, length 0.27; second, 1.09, pale, base neus darker. Legs pale yellow and tinged and apex black; third, 0.77; fourth, 0.45. with brown, femora with two rows of very Pronotum, length 0.65, width at base 1.26. prominent black spots on anterior face; Clothed with pale to yellowish simple pubes- tibiae with large and prominent black spots cence. General color black; anterior margin at base of spines. of pronotum, disk behind calli, lower half Female.—Length 4.40, width 1.70; more of propleura, scutellum except at base, areas robust than male, but very similar in colora- along claval suture and radial vein, embo- tion. lium, all margins of cuneus, sides of ster- Food Plant.—Wild rose {Rosa sp.). num, epimera, and apical area of genital seg- Known Distribution.— Illinois, Kansas, ment, pale to yellowish. Legs pale, with two Maryland, Missouri. rows of spots on femora; apex of inner face Illinois Record.—Monticello: July 19, of femora, knees, spots and spines on tibiae, 1932, T. H. Frison, 1 . black. $ Female.—Length 3.90, width 1.70; very Plagiognathus albatus (Van Duzee) similar to male in pubescence and coloration, but with pale areas on dorsum broader. Psallus albatus Van Duzee (1915, p. 116). The fuscous markings on the dorsum vary Adults.—Length 4.20, width 1.40. Gen- considerably in intensity and size ; the ex- eral color whitish. Tylus, basal segment of tremely light form, in which these markings antennae, more or less broad area at lateral are very indistinct, is referable to the variety margins of pronotal disk, inner half of depallens Knight (1929*^, p. 70). clavus, subapical spot on corium or, in Food Plant.—Sandbar willow {Salix darker specimens, spot covering apical half longifolia). of corium, sternum and venter, black. Calli Known Distribution. — Illinois, Indi- and second antennal segment frequently ana, Iowa, Minnesota. yellowish. Membrane pale, a distinct fus-

I — . —

September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 37

just cous ray along margin beyond clear spot Dozier & Park, 1 <5 . Galena: June 30, at tip of cuneus. Hind femora with a group 1932, on Betula nigra, Dozier & Mohr,

of black spots on apical half, sometimes with 2 c?, 3 $ . Harrisburg: June 25, 1932, on a subdorsal row of spots extending over Betula nigra, Ross, Dozier & Park, 20 $ , basal half. Tibiae with small and sometimes 24 9 ; June 15, 1934, DeLong & Ross, 1 $ . indistinct spots at bases of spines; female with pale areas broader than those of male. Plagiognathus fulvidus Knight The variety vittiscutis Knight (1923r/,

p. 445) differs from the typical in having Pla^iov:nathus fulvidus Knitiht (1923^, p. 447). the apical half of the cuneus black; it has not yet been collected in Illinois. It occurs Known from Connecticut, Maryland, on butternut {Jiiglans cinerea). New Jersey, North Carolina, Ohio. Food Plant.—Sycamore {Platauus occi- ilentalis) ; specimens were also taken on Plagiognathus delicatus (Uhler) walnut {Juglans nigra). Known Distribution. — Connecticut, Psallus delicatus Uhler (1887/^, p. 34j. Adults. Length 3.30, width 1.40. Gen- District of Columbia, Georgia, Illinois, — Iowa, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, eral color reddish yellow to brownish. First antennal segment except extreme tip, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Quebec. and a ring at base of second segment, dark Illinois Records.—Forty-seven males and fuscous; front of head more or less dark either 49 females, taken June 13 to Aug. 9, are side of median line. from Alton, Ashley, Danville, Dolson, Hemelytra, sternum and abdomen shaded with Eichorn, Herod, Kansas, Monticello, Oak- fuscous, sometimes wood, Putnam, Rockford, Urbana, Vienna. basal margins of calli quite dark; scutellum yellowish, usually with basal angles dark, thus leaving a median pale line; Plagiognathus similis Knight membrane lightly shaded with fuscous; Plagio'i,nathus albatus var. similis Knight cuneus with area near middle and spot on (1923^, p. 445). either side adjacent to apex clear. Legs The coloration of this form is suggestive pale yellow to fulvous, with two rows of of albatus (Van Duzee), but it may be dis- spots on femora; tibial spines and spots tinguished by the black base of its second around their bases, and apex of tarsi and antennal segment and the two rows of black claws, black. spots on the hind femora. Host Plant.— Honey locust {Gleditsia Male.—Length 3.90, width 1.38. Head triacanthos) width 0.78, vertex 0.30. Rostrum extending Known Distribution.— Illinois, Indi- almost to hind margin of posterior coxae. ana, Iowa, Missouri, New York, Ohio,

Antennae, first segment, length 0.23 ; second, Pennsylvania, Virginia. 1.08; third, 0.72; fourth, 0.43. Pronotum, Illinois Records. Elizabeth town : length 0.62, width at base 1.14. General 1 . May 27-31 1932, H L. Dozier, ^ , 9$

color black, varied with pale ; scutellum pale, Grand Tower: May 12, 1932, Frison, Ross with a rather broad, black, median line; & Mohr, 18

spines black with prominent black spot Plagiognathus gleditsiae Knight (1929.3', around base of each. p. 265). Female.—Length 3.50, width 1.50; very This species is allied to delicatus (Uhler), similar to male in form and coloration. but is distinguished by its broader head and Food Plant.—Red birch (Betula nigra). shorter rostrum; the scutellum is black with Taken also on alder {Alnus) in Michigan a median pale line, and the frons has a quad- and on birch in Maryland. rate black spot on either side of the median Illinois Records. Eichorn: June 24, line. 1932, Hicks Branch, on Betula nigra, Ross, Male.—Length 3.00, width 1.17. Head . ;;

38 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin J'ol. 22, Art. 1

disk extending between width 0.69, vertex 0.34. Rostrum reaching ing center of and yellowish only to middle of sternum. Antennae dark calli, pale yellowish. Scutellum fuscous to black; first segment, length 0.17; median line black. Hemelytra black; basal second, 0.78, third, 0.39; fourth, 0.22. Pro- one-third of corium, embolium and cuneus, notum, length 0.52, width at base 1.04. Gen- yellowish, translucent; membrane fuscous, eral color dark fuscous to black; vertex, veins paler. Clothed with simple yellowish median line of frons, median line and lateral pubescence. Legs yellowish; hind femora margins of pronotal disk, claval suture, and brownish on apical half except at extreme base of cuneus, straw colored to yellowish. apex; two rows of black spots on anterior

Legs straw colored to yellowish, femora face ; front and middle femora showing only dusky but with small, darker spots showing three or four spots. through; tibial spines and spots around their Female.—Length 3.90, width 1.40; more bases black. Body clothed with fine, short, robust than male and rather similar in col- pale to dusky pubescence. oration, but frequently with the pale areas Female.—Length 3.00, width 1.29. Rath- broader. Very pale specimens may fail to er similar to male in form and pubescence, show dark line on scutellum. but color much paler; pronotum yellowish The variety apicatus Knight (1923^, p. with only calli black; frons with quadrate 449) is generally darker on the dorsum than black spot on either side ; median line of is the typical form; repletus apicatus has scutellum pale ; hemelytra pale yellowish not been collected in Illinois. with fuscous confined to inner angles of Food Plants.—Walnut {Juglans nigra) clavus and apical half of corium, and with and butternut {Juglans cinerea). cuneus uniformly pale. Known Distribution.—Connecticut, Il- Food Plant.—Honey locust {Gleditsia linois, Iowa, New York, Ohio. triacanthos) Illinois Records.—Nineteen males and Known Distribution. — Illinois and 36 females, taken June 5 to July 17, are Texas. from Alton, Freeport, Galena, Galesburg,

Illinois Records. — Dolson : June 25, Grand Detour, Hardin, Harvard, Marshall,

1932, Rocky Branch, Frison & Mohr, 1 $ . Monticello, Palos Park. Fountain Bluff: May 15, 1932, Frison,

Ross & Mohr, 1 $ . Grand Tower: May Plagiognathus davisi Knight

12, 1932, Frison, Ross & Mohr, 5 9 ; May Plagiognathiis davisi Knight (1923^, 452). 12, 1932, H. L. Dozier, \$. Makanda: p. from and but Giant City State Park, May 21, 1932, H. Known Iowa New York, not vet taken in Illinois. L. Dozier, 1 $ .

Plagiognathu? cornicola Knight Plagiognathus caryae Knight

Plagiognathus cornicola Knight (1923d', p. Plagiognathus caryae Knight (1923^, p. 448). 450). Occurs on hickory {Gary a ovata) and The general coloration of this species is pecan ( C. illinoensis) . Not yet taken in fusco-brownish or ligneous with the calli Illinois; known from Mississippi, New York darker; the second antennal segment is and Texas. fusco-brownish and black at the base. Male.—Length 3.40, width 1.24. Head Plagiognathus repletus Knight width 0.69, vertex 0.32. Rostrum reaching

Plagiognathus repletus Knight (1923

September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 39 prominent black spots around the base of middle of hind coxae. Antennae, first seg- each. ment, length 0.25; second, 0.97; third, 0.66; slight- fourth, 0.39. length 0.67, width Female.—Length 3.10, width 1.33 ; Pronotum, ly more robust than male, but very similar at base 1.28. Body black, moderately shin- in coloration. ing, clothed with pale yellowish pubescence Food Plants.—Dogwoods {Corniis amo- cuneus uniformly black, scarcely translucent Tiiiim and 6'. strieta). at base. Legs pale yellowish to fulvous; hind Known Distribution— Illinois, Massa- femora with two rows of prominent black chusetts, New York, Virginia. spots on anterior faces; tibial spines with

Illinois Records.—Frankfort: June 8, rather small black spots around bases.

1 1 . Female. Length 3.70, width 1.70; slight- 1933, INIohr & Townsend, ^ , $ St. — ly robust than male, but very similar Joseph: June 17, 1932, T. H. Frison, 1 i . more Frison, in coloration. "URBANA:"lune 20, 1932, T. H. 4 i , 39. Food Plant. — Black walnut {J uglans nigra). A single Illinois specimen was taken on apple. Plagiognathus laricicola Knight Known Distribution.— Illinois, Michi- Plagioi^nathus laricicola Kniyht (1923^, p. gan, New York, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsyl- 452). vania. This species is black, with fuscous legs; Illinois Records.—Twenty-six males and small black spots show through the obscura- 28 females, taken May 27 to July 6, are from tion the legs; the body is clothed with yel- on Elizabethtown, Freeport, Galena, Hardin, lowish dusky pubescence. and Kampsville, Keithsburg, Urbana, Warsaw, Length 3.90, width 1.40. Male.— Head White Heath, White Pines Forest State width 0.66, vertex 0.33. Rostrum reaching to Park, Zion. middle of hind coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 0.27; second, 1.03, fusco-brown- Plagiognathus dispar Knight ish with black at base; third, 0.66; fourth, 0.36. Pronotum, length 0.55, width at base Plagiognathus punctatipes var. dispar Knight (1923^, p. 451). 1.11. Body fuscous black; base of cuneus This species is smaller and more slender scarcely paler than corium. Legs dark fus- than punctatipes Knight; the two are very cous; small black dots visible on anterior similar in coloration, but dispar has a nar- and posterior faces of femora; tibiae fuscous, row, pale area at base of cuneus. This but black setigerous spots showing through species was originally described as a variety infuscation. of punctatipes Knight, but more recent ex- Female.—Length 3.60, width 1.55; more amination of the genital characters reveals ovate and robust than male, but very similar a distinct difference in structure of the left in coloration. genital clasper. Food Plant.—Larch {Larix laricina). Male.—Length 3.50, width 1.28. Head Known Distribution. — Canada, Illi- width 0.67, vertex 0.31. Rostrum reaching nois, Maine, Minnesota, New York. middle of hind coxae. Antennae, first seg- Illinois — Records. Antioch : July 5-7, ment, length 0.22 ; second, 0.90, yellow with 1932, on Larix, al., . Frison et 44 cJ , 78 $ narrow black area at base; third, 0.58; Grand Detour: July 2, 1932, Dozier & fourth, 0.36. Pronotum, length 0.53, width Mohr, 1 9 . at base 1.06. Body black, moderately shining; base of cuneus yellowish, translucent. Plagiognathus punctatipes Knight Legs straw colored to yellow; hind femora

Plagiognathus punctatipes Knight (1923d', with two rows of fuscous spots on anterior p. 450). face and a group of five or six spots on pos- This species is black, with the second terior surface near apex; tibiae with very antennal segment black at base, pale beyond small fuscous spots around base of spines. the legs are yellowish, and the hind femora Female.—Length 3.30, width 1.39; slight- have two rows of black spots on each anter- ly more robust than male but very similar ior face. in coloration. Male.—Length 3.80, width 1.70. Head The cuneus varies considerably in color;

width 0.72, vertex 0.37. Rostrum reaching specimens in which it tends to be entirely, ;

40 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1

rather than partly, black belong to the va- first segment, length 0.21; second, 0.99; riety crataegi Knight (1929^, p. 264). thickness equal to that of first segment; Food Plants.—Hickory {Garya sp.), third, 0.34; fourth, 0.26. Pronotum, length at 0.99. Body pale, thickly hawthorn {Crataegus sp.) ; Illinois speci- 0.52, width base mens were taken also on ash (Fraxinus sp.). dotted with reddish brown to dusky brown Known Distribution. — Illinois, Iowa, points; calli shaded brown; median line of Michigan, New England, New York. pronotal disk paler. Body clothed with pale Illinois Records.—Sixty-three males and to yellowish simple pubescence. Legs pale 67 females, taken May 31 to July 4, are femora thickly dotted with brown, hind pair from Champaign, Dixon, Frankfort, Ha- darker; tibial spines pale, but with black vana, Joliet, Lacon, Sparland, Urbana, dot around base of each. White Pines Forest State Park. Female.—Length 3.00, width 1.40; very similar to male in color and pubescence. Plagiognathus suffuscipennis Knight Food Plant.—Oak {Quercus sp.) Known Distribution. — Florida, Illi- Plagiognathus suffuscipennis Knight {\92id, nois, Mississippi, Texas. p. 454). Illinois Records.—Champaign: June 6, This species is distinguished by its trans- 1888, at electric light, 1 $ . Dubois: May lucent, pale yellowish brown hemelytra; the 1 21, 1917, S ; May 22, 1917, 5 $. second antennal segment is pale yellowish brown, darker at the base. Plagiognathus repetitus Knight Male.—Length 3.40, width 1.30. Head width 0.68, vertex 0.36. Rostrum reaching Plagiognathus repetitus Knight {1923d, p. hind coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 453). 0.23; second, 0.81; third, 0.54; fourth, 0.36. Breeds on cranberry {Vaccinium) in Pronotum, length 0.45, width at base 0.98. Massachusetts. Not yet collected in Illinois, Body blackish brown; pubescence yellowish but occurs in Massachusetts, Michigan, to dusky; scutellum black; cuneus uniformly New Jersey, New York. translucent yellowish brown like corium.

Legs yellowish testaceous ; femora with two Rhinocapsus Uhler series of fuscous dots on anterior face and a group of six or eight spots on apical half of No Illinois species; Rhinocapsus vandu- posterior face. zeei Uhler occurs from New England west Female.—Length 3.20, width 1.37; very to Michigan and south to North Carolina. similar to male in coloration, but more robust in form. Microphylellus Reuter Food Plant.—Spruce {Picea mariana). Known Distribution.—Illinois, Maine, KEY TO SPECIES Minnesota, New York. Illinois — 1. Hemelytra more or less pale; embo- Records. Antioch : July 5-7, lium, cuneus and basal half of 1932, Prison et al., 1 9 . Galena: June 30, corium almost colorless or yellow- 1932, on spruce, Dozier . & Mohr, 10 ^ , 8 $ Keithsburg: June 15, 1932, on spruce, H. ish; scutellum light, with median L. line black 2 Dozier, 6 S , 8 $ . Hemelytra uniformly blackish 3

2. Second Plagiognathus guttulosus (Reuter) antennal segment and femora uniformly pale macu- Psallus guttulosus Reuter (1876, p. 89). lipennis var. maculipennis, p. 41 This species is distinguished by its pale Second antennal segment dark brown color and its numerous reddish brown dots. to black, femora with fuscous dots. It has been placed in the genus Psallus up macu- to the present time, but the possession of a lipennis var. fuscicornis, p. 41

single type of simple pubescence refers it to 3. Second antennal segment black, first Plagiognathus. segment pale on apical half Male.—Length 3.00, width 1.20. Head nigricornis, p. 41 width 0.69, vertex 0.30. Rostrum reaching Second antennal segment pale, or posterior margins of hind coxae. Antennae, fuscous at base only 4 .

September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 41

4. Length of second antennal segment Grand Detour, Hardin, Havana, Homer, less than width of pronotum at base 5 Keithsburg, Mayw'ood, Meredosia, Monti- Length of second antennal segment cello, Mounds, Rockford, Rogers, Savanna, equal to or greater than width ot Ullin, Urbana, Waukegan, White Heath, pronotum at base 7 White Pines Forest State Park, Willow-

5. First antennal segment yellowish, Springs, Zion. fuscous at base only; femora usually with fuscous dots on anterior face Microphylellus nigricornis Knight although these at times absent; length 3.30 modestus, p. 41 Microphylellus Jii'^ricornis Knight (1923^, 457). First antennal segment black, or p. mostly black 6 Not yet collected in Illinois; known to occur in Minnesota, New York, Ontario. 6. Smaller, length 2.60-2.80; rostrum not It breeds aster {Aster macrophyllus) extending beyond hind margins ol on middle coxae tsugae, p. 42 Larger, length 3.30; rostrum nearly Microphylellus maculipennis Knight attaining hind margins of posterior Microphylellus maculipennis Kni2;ht (\92?>d, coxae tumidifrons, p. 42 p. 456). 7. Rostrum long, extending beyond hind This is similar in size to modestus Reuter, coxae, reaching to near middle ot but is distinguished by having pale markings venter; hind femora uniformly pale on the dorsum. yellowish longirostris, p. 42 Male.—Length 3.40, width 1.30. Head Rostrum shorter, reaching only to black, width 0.69; vertex pale, 0.33. Ros- middle of hind coxae; hind femora trum yellowish, dark at base and apex and with fuscous spots on anterior face. reaching hind margins of middle coxae. An- elongatus, p. 42 tennae, first segment, length 0.30, yellow,

fuscous at base ; second, 0.86, yellow, fuscous Microphylellus modestus Reuter at base and dusky at apex; third, 0.47, yellowish wath dusky tinge; fourth, 0.33, pale Micrnphylellns modestus Reuter (1912^, p. 62). fuscous. Pronotum, length 0.55, width at Adults.—Length 3.30-3.50, width 1.30. base 1.11; black, moderately shining; cen- Body ligneous black. Antennae and legs yel- tral area of disk and basal angles pale to lowish ; first antennal segment fuscous at yellowish ; clothed with fine, yellowish pubes- base, dark area sometimes extended from cence. Scutellum pale yellowish; rather base toward middle. Hind femora usually broad median line of scutellum and mesoscu- with three or four fuscous dots near dorsal tum black. Hemelytra mostly black,- with margin on anterior face, although these spots embolium, cuneus, and basal half of corium, are frequently indistinct. Hemelytra mostly usually straw colored to yellow but some- black, with membrane fuscous; apex of times distinctly reddish; membrane fuscous, cuneus slightly paler, and veins pale fuscous. paler bordering apex of cuneus, veins pale Host Plants.—Elm {Ulmus) and white only at apex of areoles. Legs pale to yel- oak {Querciis alba). In Illinois, specimens lowish; basal half of hind coxae and tips of have been taken also on hazelnut {Corylus tarsi fuscous. slight- americana) , hawthorn {Crataegus mollis) Female.—Length 3.40, width 1.39; and hickory {Carya sp.). On elm the bugs ly more robust than male but very similar in are found most frequently among leaves coloration. curled by aphids, where they feed to some A form of this species having the antennae

extent on honeydew. I have observed this very dark, almost black, rather than light is species feeding on eggs of the elm leaf beetle, known only from Maine; it has been de- Galerucella luteola MuUsant. scribed as maculipennis fuscicornis Knight

Known Distribution. — From Minne- (1923^, p. 457). sota to Texas and in all states eastward. Food Plant. — White oak {Quercus Illinois Records.— Fifty-one males and alba). 57 females, taken May 23 to July 6, are Known Distribution. — Illinois, Iowa, from Algonquin, Dolson, Elizabethtown, Maine, Minnesota, Texas.

Frankfort, Freeport, Galena, Galesburg, Illinois Records.—Frankfort: June 8, . .

42 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1

ing eyes paler, 0.32. Rostrum reaching to 1933, Mohr & Townsend, 1 $ . Keiths-

• of venter; yellowish, apex and basal burg: June 8. 1932, Ross & Mohr, 1 c? middle Mounds: May 23, 1932, H. L. Dozier. segment black. Antennae, first segment, Crystal Lake length 0.28, fuscous at base; second, 1.22, 6 9 . Urbana: May 28, 1934, yellow; third, 0.86, yellowish to dusky; Park, Ross & Mohr, 1 S • White Heath: fourth, 0.44, dusky. Pronotum, length 0.64, IVIay 29, 1933, H. H. Ross, 1 S . width at base 1.11; black, strongly shining. Microphylellus tsugae Knight Scutellum and ventral surface black. Hem- elytra uniformly black, strongly shining;

Microphylellns tsugae Knight (1923^, p. 456). clothed with minute, dusky to black pubes-

Known only from New York; breeds on cence ; emboliar margins nearly straight. hemlock [Tsiiga canadensis) Membrane and veins uniformly fuscous, apex of cuneus scarcely paler. Legs straw Microphylellus elongatus Knight colored to yellowish, devoid of black spots; bases of hind coxae and apices of tarsi fus- Microphylellus elon<;!^atus Knight (1923^, cous. Venter black, strongly shining. p. 458). Female.—Length 3.90, width 1.34; very species is larger longer than This and similar to male in form and coloration. modestus Reuter; the length of the second Food Plant.—Hazelnut (Corylus ameri- antennal segment is equal to the width of the cana) ; a single specimen was collected on pronotum at its base. hickory {Carya ovata). Length 4.00, width 1.44. Head Male.— Known Distribution. — Illinois, Iowa, width 0.68; vertex 0.33; head black, slightly Minnesota, New England, New York. paler at base of vertex. Rostrum reaching Illinois Records.—Thirty-two males and to middle of hind coxae. Antennae, first 42 females, taken June 3 to July 27, are segment, length 0.28, yellowish, fuscous at from Algonquin, Antioch, Dolson, Eliza- base; second, 1.19, yellow, sometimes slightly beth, Galena, Galesburg, Grandview, Har- dusky at base; third, 0.77, yellowish; fourth, din, Monticello, Oregon, Palos Park, White 0.33, yellowish. Pronotum, length 0.62, Pines Forest State Park. width at base 1.16; black, pubescence pale to dusky. Scutellum, sternum and pleura Microphylellus tumidifrons Knight black. Hemelytra black, strongly shining; emboliar margins nearly straight; pubes- Microphylellus tumidifrons Knight (1923^, cence pale to dusky. Legs straw colored to p. 455). yellow; bases of hind and middle coxae, and Known only from Nova Scotia. tips of tarsi, black; hind femora with a row of fuscous spots on anterior face near dorsal Microsynamma Fieber margin. Venter black, shining. Female.—Length 3.80, width 1.40; very Microsynamma bohemanni (Fallen) similar to male. bohemanni F'OOD Plant.—Sugar maple {Acer saccha- Phytocoris Fallen (1829, p. 106). rum) This species is distinguished from others by its broad, flat vertex carina. Known Distribution.— Illinois, Minne- with a basal sota, New York. Male.—Length 4.00, width 1.60. Head

Illinois width 0.84, vertex 0.43 ; vertex flat, basal Record.—Zion : July 6, 1932,

Frison et al., \ 1 carina distinct, an impressed mark evident $ , $ .

on either side near eye ; head mostly black, with juga and a broad area bordering front Microphylellus longirostris Knight of eyes and sides of vertex, yellowish. Microphylellus longirostris Knight (1923^, Rostrum, length 1.51, extending nearly to p. 458). tips of hind coxae. Antennae, first segment, This species is very similar to elongatus length 0.23 ; second, 1.03 ; third, 0.52 ; fourth, Knight, but has the rostrum distinctly 0.30; black. Pronotum, length 0.64, width longer: it extends beyond the hind coxae to at base 1.21 ; black, with area between and near the middle of the venter. behind calli, and spot on either side in front Male.—Length 3.80, width 1.25. Head of calli, pallid to yellowish. Dorsum clothed black, width 0.61 ; vertex and area border- with fine, short, yellowish, simple pubes- September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 43

cence. Hemelytra pallid, translucent; apex aspect near apex, hind femora ob- of cuneus, apical half of corium and embo- scured with fuscous; length 2.60- lium, and clavus except in central area near 3.00 bakeri, p. 45 tip of scutellum, dark brown to black; mem- 6. Length of second antennal segment brane pale brown, areoles and veins clear more than three-fourths width of to yellowish. Legs black; tips of coxae, bases pronotum at base 7 and tips of femora, and tibiae except for Length of second antennal segment setigerous spots and spines, pale yellowish. less than three-fourths width of Female.—Length 3.80, width 1.62. Head pronotum a base 11 width, 0.86, vertex 0.45. Antennae, first seg- 7. Scutellum more or less pale at lateral ment, length 0.22; second, 0.92; third, 0.56; margins, rarely entirely black; if fourth, 0.39. Pronotum, length 0.62, width scutellum black, cuneus paler or at base 1.21. More robust than male and dusky at apex only; cuneus usually usually lighter in color. pale, sometimes slightly infuscated Host Plant.—Willow (Salix sp.). at apex; pale areas of legs and Known Distribution.— British Colum- hemelytra tinged with reddish bia, Colorado, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, yellow alnicenatus, p. 44 Michigan, Newfoundland, New Jersey, Scutellum black; cuneus always partly New York, Ohio, Oregon, Vermont, Wash- black, frequently paler at base; pale ington; Europe. areas of legs and hemelytra never Illinois Record.—Northern Illinois: tinged with reddish yellow 8

16.2$. 8. Rostrum reaching hind margins of posterior coxae; hemelytra uniform- Psallus Fieber ly black; femora black with pale apices; length 3.60 KEY TO SPECIES morrisoni, p. 45 Rostrum scarcely surpassing hind 1. Second antennal segment with four or margins of middle coxae 9 five black spots, fig. 89; membrane 9. Femora pale, a dark line forming on with a conspicuous black mark on dorsal margin, anterior face with margin behind apex of cuneus; dor- black spots and occasionally be- sum thickly covered with pale lus- coming uniformly dusky; tip of cous dots seriatus, 45 p. embolium and spot on base of cor- Second antennal segment either black, ium almost colorless; length 4.50. .

or pale without distinct black spots . 2 parshleyi, p. 44 2. Second antennal segment yellowish, Femora black but with light-colored

black only at base . . . amorphae, p. 44 apices. 10 Second antennal segment black 3 10. Length 2.90-3.10; deep black, with 3. Dorsum chiefly red; head, pronotal scalelike, silvery white pubescence. disk and scutellum flecked with astericola, p. 45 fuscous; cuneus red with a narrow Length 3.50-4.00; very dark brown, area at base light; length 3.60 hemelytra sparsely clothed with alnicola, p. 44 silvery, silky hairs intermixed with

Dorsum black o- fuscous, never dis- more erect, yellowish pubescence . . tinctly flecked 4 fuscatus, p. 44

4. Femora pale or fulvous, or pale with 11. Antennae entirely pale, pubescence black spots, but without black line dusky; legs black; apices of femora on dorsal margin 5 and tibiae pale, spines with small Femora black, or pale to yellowish fuscous spots at bases with spots and a dark line on dorsal piceicola, p. 44 margin 6 Antennae black, or at least first seg-

5. Femora uniformly pale or yellowish; ment black 12 dorsum uniformly black; length 12. Legs dull yellow brown to dark brown; 3.50 strobicola, p. 45 femora sometimes nearly black but Femora fulvous, becoming dusky, with never paler at apices, always tinged one or two black dots on dorsal with brownish and reddish, hind . .

44 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Fol. 22. Art. 1

pair strongly thickened; coxae and Female.—Length 3.30, width 1.40; very tibiae dull yellow brown to dark similar to male in color and pubescence. brown, more or less tinged with Host Plant.—Alder (Alnus rugosa). reddish ancorifer, p. 46 Known Distribution. — Illinois and Legs chiefly black; femora more Minnesota.

slender, black, apices of front and Illinois Records. — Dolson : June 25,

middle pairs pale; coxae deep 1932, Rocky Branch, Frison & Mohr, 1 $ .

black; tibiae very light yellow to EiCHORN : June 24, 1932, on Alnus rugosa, black spots at dull yellow brown, Ross, Dozier & Park, 6 $ , 10 9 I June 13, bases of spines drakei, p. 46 1934, DeLong & Ross, 2^,1$.

Psallus parshleyi Knight Psallus atnorphae Knight

Psallus parshleyi Knight (1923^/, p. 465). Psallus amorphae Knight (1930;^, p. 125).

The color aspect of this species is sug- This species is black, with the second an- gestive of Plagiognathus obscurus fraternus tennal segment yellow except at the base. Uhler, but Psallus parshleyi is to be distin- Adults.—Length 3.00-3.20, width 1.20- guished by the sericeous, semiscalelike pu- 1.30. Rostrum extending to hind margins of bescence on its pleura and dorsum. middle coxae. Second antennal segment, Male.—Length 4.50, width 1.70. Ros- length 0.87, yellow, black at base; pronotum, trum just reaching hind margins of middle width at base 0.99. Body black, dorsum coxae. Second antennal segment, length and sides clothed with rather closely ap- 1.26. Pronotum, width at base 1.37. Body pressed silvery, silky to scalelike pubescence. black, basal half of cuneus, tip of embolium, Food Plants. — Lead plant {Amorpha and a small translucent spot near base of canescens and A. fruticosa) corium, pale. Legs pale yellowish; coxae Known Distribution. — Previously

fuscous at base ; femora with dark line known only from Iowa and Minnesota. forming above and below on apical half, Illinois Records.—Grand Detour: July anterior face with three or four spots on 2, 1932, Dozier & Mohr, 5$. Mounds: apical half. May 23, 1932, H. L. Dozier, 1 $ . Oquaw- Female.—Length 4.00, width 1.66; more ka: June 13, 1932, H. L. Dozier, 2$. robust than male but very similar in colora- Starved Rock State Park: July 14, 1932, tion. Dozier & Park, 1 9 . Food Plant.—Birch {Betula pumila) Known Distribution.— Illinois, Massa- Psallus alnicola Douglas & Scott ichusetts, Minnesota, New York.

Illinois Record.—Antioch : July 5-7, Psallus alnicola Douglas and Scott (1865, p. 414). 1932, Frison et ah, 23 ^ , 16$. Not taken in Illinois; known from Colo- Psallus fuscatus Knight rado, Idaho, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New York, Oregon, Washing- Psallus parshleyi var. fuscatus Knight ton; Europe. Breeds on alder {Alnus rugo- (1923^, p. 466). sa) in cool, humid surroundings. This species is allied to parshleyi Knight,

but is distinguished by its smaller size and Psallus alnicenatus Knight uniformly black femora and hemelytra.

Male.—Length 3.70, width 1.40. Ros- Psallus alnicenatus Knight (1923^, p. 466). trum reaching posterior margins of hind Not taken in Illinois; known from Michi- coxae. Second antennal segment, length 0.95, gan, Minnesota and New York. black. Pronotum, width at base 1.08. Body sparsely clothed with silvery, silky hairs Psallus piceicola Knight intermixed with more erect yellowish pu-

bescence. Body black, paler areas appearing Psallus piceicola Knight (1923^, p. 469).

very dark brown, cuneus uniformly black This species is very dark brown, almost like corium. Legs black, tips of femora and black; the hemelytra are more brownish tibiae yellowish, tibial spines with prominent than the rest of the dorsum, and the anten- black spots at bases. nae and base of the cuneus are pale. — ; —

September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 45

Male.—Length 3.00, width 1.08. Head 3^,49. Keithsburg: June 15, 1932, H.

\ width 0.60, vertex at basal margin 0.34, L. Dozier, i, , 49. Mount Carroll: narrowest point on front 0.27; strongly in- June 15, 1932, on Pinus strobus, Prison & clined vertically. Rostrum extending behind Mohr, 2^, 19. Urbana: June 11, 1915, posterior coxae. Antennae with first seg- I9. White Pines Forest State Park: ment pale ; second, 0.66 in length, pale with July 4, 1932, on grasses, Dozier & Mohr,

base 0.91. 1 strobus, Dozier dusky tinge. Pronotum, width at $ ; July 4, 1932, on Pinus

Hemelytra fusco-brownish to black, base of k Mohr, 2 9 . cuneus pale; clothed with golden to dusky pubescence intermixed with more closely Psallus astericola Knight appressed, silvery, woolly pubescence. Legs very dark brown, apices of femora and tibiae Psallus astericola Knight {\9iQb, p. 125). pale; tibial spines black, a fuscous spot at Known only from Iowa. Breeds on prairie base of each. aster {Aster sericeus), which grows only on Female.—Length 2.90, width 1.30; more undisturbed, native prairie. robust than male, but very similar in coloration ; hemelytra usually more brownish. Psallus morrisoni Knight Food Plant.—Spruce {Picea sp.). Known Distribution.— Illinois, Minne- Psallus morrisoni Knight {\922>d, p. 464). sota, New York. Not taken in Illinois; known from Mas- sachusetts, Minnesota, York. Illinois Record. Antioch : July 5-7, New

1932, on spruce, Prison et al., 2 $ , 2 $ . Psallus bakeri (Bergroth) Psallus strobicola Knight Agalliastes signatiis Uhler (1895, p. 55). Pre- Psallus strobicola Knight (192,W, p. 467). occupied. This species is very dark fuscous, almost Chlamydatus bakeri Bergroth (1898, p. 35). black ; the antennae and the legs, except for This species has previously been placed in the coxae, are yellow; the body is clothed the genus Chlamydatus, but its two types of with closely appressed, silvery, silky pubes- pubescence, its longer antennae, and the cence. form of its pseudarolia place it in Psallus. Male.—Length 3.50, width 1.33. Head Adults.—Length 2.60-2.90. General col- width 0.72, vertex 0.33 measured across pos- or fuscous to black, two spots on vertex and terior corners of eyes; black; eyes reddish frequently base of cuneus paler. Legs yel- brown. Rostrum, length 1.25, reaching hind lowish to dusky yellow; hind femora fre- margins of posterior coxae, yellow, basal quently dark fuscous; femora with two or segment black. Antennae yellow; first seg- three black dots on dorsal surface before ment, length 0.17; second, 0.97; third, 0.62; apex; tibiae pale, spines black with a prom- fourth, 0.39, slightly dusky. Pronotum, inent black spot at base of each. Clothed length 0.53, width at base 1.08. Hemelytra with pale, simple hairs intermixed on dor- uniformly very dark fuscous; clothed with sum with some silky, silvery pubescence. closely appressed, silvery, silky pubescence Food Plant. — Sage brush (Artemisia intermixed with more erect dark pubescence sp.). similar to that of the pronotum and scutel- Known Distribution. — Occurs fre- lum; emboliar margins very slightly arcu- quently in the states west of the Mississippi ate; membrane and veins uniformly fuscous, River. border of cuneus not perceptibly paler. Legs Illinois Records. Grand Detour: July yellow, coxae almost black except at apex 12, 1934, DeLong & Ross, 3^,29- Ore- tibial spines black without dark spots at gon : July 4, 1932, on Artemisia canadensis, bases. Dozier & Mohr, 10 cJ , 33 9- Rockton :

Female.—Length 3.10, width 1.36; more July 5, 1932, Dozier & Mohr, 2 9 • robust than male, but otherwise very similar. Food Plant.— Pine (Pinus strobus). Psallus seriatus (Reuter) Known Distribution.— Illinois, Minne- sota, New York, Ohio, Quebec. Atomoscelis seriatus Reuter (1876, p. 91). Illinois Records. — Galena: June 30, This is the well-known cotton flea hopper, 1932, on Pinus strobus, Dozier & Mohr, distinguished by its pale color, the black 46 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin J'ol. 22, Art. 1

spots on its second antennal segment, and the as they appear, causing the buds to drop. conspicuous black marks on the margin of The wild hosts of this insect may be several the membrane, fig. 89. herbaceous weeds, but the preferred food Male.—Length 3.10, width 1.30. Head plants appear to be several species of Croton, width 0.69, vertex 0.34. Rostrum reaching especially C. texensis. In Illinois, specimens have been taken on snowberry {Symphori-

carpos orbiculatus) , horse mint {JMonarda punctata) and daisy {Chrysanthemum sp.), as well as on cotton and Croton capitatus. Known Distribution.—Psallus seriatus

is known from all the southern states and ranges northward into Nebraska and Colo- rado and westward into Arizona and southern California. Its range coincides rather closely with the distribution of the various species of Croton. Illinois Records. — One hundred one males and 57 females, taken June 15 to Sept. 6, are from Centralia, Fulton, Gol- conda. Harrisburg, Havana, Keithsburg, Meredosia, Metropolis, Patoka, St. Anne.

Psallus ancorifer (Fieber)

Apucrtmniis ancorijer Fieber (1859, p. 336). Not taken in Illinois; known only from New York and Pennsylvania.

Psallus drakei Knight Fig. 89.— Psallus seriatus, 9.

Psallus drakei Knight behind posterior coxae to third ventral seg- (1923^, p. 464). Not taken in Illinois; ment. Antennae, first segment, 0.17, pale, a known only from group of three setigerous black spots before Colorado and New York. apex, some of which form narrow annulations; second, 0.82, pale, with four or five Lepidopsallus Knight conspicuous black spots on dorsal aspect. Pronotum, length 0.56, width at base 1.0^; KEY TO SPECIES pale, finely dotted with fuscous. Hemelytra pale, dotted with small and a few larger 1. Rostrum extending beyond posterior fuscous spots. Dorsum clothed with simple coxae 2 fuscous hairs intermixed with deciduous, Rostrum not extending beyond posterior coxae 3 silvery scalelike pubescence which in part is arranged in tufts at posterior edge of larger 2. First and second antennal segments fuscous spots; roughly handled specimens or pale yellowish; sides of venter with- old living adults may lose pubescence. Mem- out scalelike pubescence brane clear and shaded with fuscous; a clear claricornis, p. 47 spot surrounding black mark on margin be- First antennal segment black, base of second dusky; sides of venter and hind cuneus ; veins white. Legs pale; femora dotted with fuscous; tibiae with two rows pleura bearing scalelike pubescence of black spines, each with a prominent black rostratus, p. 47 spot around base. 3. First antennal segment pale yellow. . 4 Female.—Length 2.80, width 1.40; slight- First antennal segment very dark

ly . more robust . . than male, but very similar brown or black " 5 in color and pubescence. 4. First antennal segment short, second Host Plants.—The nymphs and adults segment six times as long as first feed on the tiny flower buds of cotton just segment; reddish color dominant. ; .

September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 47

darkest forms brownish red have been named rubidus atricolor Knight miniatus, p. 47 (1923//, p. 472). These were taken in com- First antennal segment longer, second pany with typical specimens at Dolson. segment tour times as long as first Food Plants.—Willow {Salix sp.). A segment; color brown to fuscous, few specimens were taken in Illinois on never reddish nyssae, p. 48 plantain {Plant ago aristata) and black locust 5. Combined lengths of third and fourth {Robinia pseudoacacia) antennal segments greater than Known Distribution.—Common in the length ot second segment; second eastern United States and Canada; also antennal segment thickened in known from California, Colorado, Idaho, both sexes, cylindrical and as thick Texas, Utah, Washington. as first segment; black, length 2.60 Illinois Records. — Twenty-two males tninusculus, p. 47 and 49 females, taken June 22 to Aug. 19, Combined lengths of third and fourth are from Browns, Decatur, Dolson, Eichorn, antennal segments less than or Elizabethtown, Galesburg, Golconda, Grand scarcely equal to length of second Detour, Grand Tower, Havana, Herod, segment; second antennal segment Kansas, Meredosia, Savanna, Shawneetown, more slender in female, distinctly Starved Rock State Park, York. thinner on basal half and not so thick as first segment 6 Lepidopsallus claricornis Knight 6. Color uniformly black; second antennal segment always black; scale- Lepidopsallus claricornis Knight {\92id, p. 471). like pubescence silvery white Not taken in Illinois; known from New rubidus var. atricolor, p. 47 Color black with reddish areas; second Jersey. antennal segment usually light at apex, scalelike pubescence yellowish Lepidopsallus rostratus Knight rubidus var. rubidus, p. 47 Lepidopsallus rostratus Knight (1923a', p. 470). Lepidopsallus rubidus (Uhler) Not taken in Illinois; known from Iowa

Sthenarus rubidus Uhler (1895, p. 41). and Minnesota. Male.—Length 3.20, width 1.50; ground color black ; hemelytra reddish brown with Lepidopsallus minusculus Knight fuscous; embolium and cuneus strongly red- Lepidopsallus minusculus Knight (1923d', dish; membrane uniformly fuscous. Body p. 472). clothed with pale yellowish, closely ap- Not taken in Illinois; known from New pressed, scalelike pubescence intermixed with York. more erect, dusky, simple pubescence. Fem- ora fusco-brownish, tinged with reddish tibiae brownish to reddish, beset with prom- Lepidopsallus miniatus Knight inent black spines. Antennae fuscous to fer- Lepidopsallus miniatus Knight (1926(^, p. rujiinous; first segment, length 0.16; second, 226).

0.64, its length two-thirds as great as width This species is distinguished by its red- of head, apical three-fourths equal in thick- dish color and relative lengths of the first ness to first segment, but more slender on two antennal segments. basal one-fourth, usually paler on apical Male.—Length 2.70, width 1.60. Head half; third, 0.36; fourth, 0.31. Pronotum, width 0.73, vertex 0.30. Rostrum reaching length 0.62, width at base 2.38. to middle of hind coxae. Antennae uniform- Female.—Length 3.50, width 1.53; head ly pale yellowish; first segment, length 0.13; narrower than in male ; second antennal second, 0.78; third, 0.34. Pronotum, length segment gradually becoming thicker toward 0.56, width at base 1.21. General color uni- apex, but not quite attaining thickness of form red to red with fuscous shading; mem- first segment. brane fuscous, veins red. Legs fusco-red-

Specimens which are uniformly black in dish ; tips of femora and tibiae pale; spines color, rather than not quite so, and having and spots at bases black. silvery rather than yellowish pubescence. Female.—Length 2.80, width 1.50. Head 48 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1 width 0.77, vertex 0.36. Antennae pale yel- Reuteroscopus Kirkaldy 0.69. lowish ; first segment, 0.17; second, Pronotum, length 0.58, width at base, 1.23. KEY TO SPECIES more reddish than in male, sometimes Color Membrane uniformly fuscous except for and scutellum more fuscous than pronotum clear spot at apex of cuneus and smaller white, scalelike red. Clothed with silvery spot just beyond; scutellum and clavus pubescence intermixed with simple, yellow- black, fig. 90 ornatus, p. 48 pubescence. ish to fuscous Membrane with many small, fuscous Food Plant.— Post oak {Quercus stel- marks; scutellum and clavus yellowish, lata). dotted with fuscous. . .sulphureus, p. 49 Known Distribution.—Described from Florida, and now known from Illinois, Mis- Reuteroscopus ornatus (Reuter) sissippi, Texas. ornatus Illinois Records.—Dongola: May 10- Episcopus Reuter (1876, p. 90). Adults. Fig. 90. Length 3.40, width 12, 1917, \$, 19. Dubois: May 21-24, — general color yellowish green, 1917, 2^,6$. Meredosia: May 29, 1917, 1.30; prono- 2$. tum with darker green; scutellum, clavus.

Lepidopsallus nyssae Johnston

Lepidopsallus nyssae Johnston (1930, p. 299).

This is allied to miniatus Knight, but is distinguished by its pale brownish color and the relative lengths of the first and second antennal segments. Male.—Length 3.00, width 1.40. Head width 0.73, vertex 0.30. Rostrum just attaining posterior margins of middle coxae. Antennae pale yellowish, last two segments dusky; first segment, length 0.21; second, 0.82; third, 0.34; fourth, 0.23. Pronotum, length 0.61, width at base 1.21. General color pale brown to fuscous, never reddish as in miniatus; head, pronotum and scutellum dark fuscous to black ; hemelytra pale brownish, sometimes darker; cuneus uniformly translucent like the corium. Clothed with silvery, scalelike pubescence intermixed with pale yellowish to fuscous simple pubescence. Legs dark brown; tibiae pale with black spines arising from brown spots. Female.—Length 3.00, width 1.60. Head width 0.79, vertex 0.37. Antennae uniformly pale yellowish; first segment, length 0.14; second, 0.67. Pronotum, length 0.67, width Fig. 90.— Reuteroscopus ornatus., 9. at base 1.26. Color much paler than in male, dorsum uniformly pale brownish except an- membrane, and bar across apex of corium, terior half of pronotum and head, which fuscous, dark color forming a well-marked are fuscous to blackish. Legs uniformly Greek cross. pale. Food Plants.—Ragweed {Ambrosia sp.). Food Plant. —Black gum {Nyssa sylva- A few Illinois specimens were taken also on tica). red cedar {Juniperus virginiana), basswood Known Distribution.—Described from {Tilia sp.) and lamb's quarter {Chenopo- Texas. Now known in Illinois also. dium album) ; the first two are undoubtedly Illinois Record. — E lizab ethtown : "sitting" records.

May 27-31, 1932, H. L. Dozier, 1 $ . Known Distribution. — Common in .

September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 49

North America east of the 100th meridian. Criocoris Fieber Illinois Records.—One hundred three males and 77 females, taken May 27 to Sept. Criocoris saliens (Reuter) 24, are from Albion, Alto Pass, Ashley, Strongylotes saliens Reuter (1876, p. 88). Bloomington, Cave-in-Rock, Champaign, Male.—Fig. 91. Length 2.70, width 1.40. Chicago, Darwin, Decatur, Delavan, Dol- Head and body black, shining, clothed with son, Dubois, East St. Louis, Elizabethtown, white scalelike pubescence intermixed with Fountain Bluff, Galena, Galesburg, Gol- conda, Grafton, Grand Detour, Grand Tower, Grandview, Grayville, Hardin, Ha- vana, Herod, Kampsville, Kankakee, Kan- sas, Kappa, Karnak, Keithsburg, Lawrence- ville. Metropolis, Monticello, Mounds, Mount Carmel, Muncie, Murphysboro, Oquawka, Palos Park, Pulaski, St. Joseph, Snyder, Springfield, Starved Rock State Park, Ullin, Urbana, York.

Reuteroscopus sulphureus (Reuter)

Psallus sulphureus Reuter (1907, p. 23). Adults.—Length 3.30, width 1.18. Gen- eral color yellow, sometimes with a greenish tinge. Inner apical angles of corium, tip of clavus, anal area of membrane, and spot on inner angle of cuneus, fuscous. Body clothed with yellowish to fuscous pubescence, base of each hair with a small fuscous spot, also sparsely set with small tufts of silvery scalelike hairs, arranged in series on median line and outer margins of head and pronotal disk, and present to some extent on clavus and corium; membrane with dark spots on a clear background, fuscous color forming a short transverse bar touching margin just beyond tip of cuneus, each side of this clear Fig. 91.— Criocoris saliens, cf but with another, larger fuscous area situated just before apex; femora thickly speck- more erect pubescence; first and second an- led with small, pale fuscous spots. tennal segments strongly thickened, thickness

Host Plants.— I have collected this spe- of second segment half as great as width of cies on ragweed {Ambrosia sp.) and found it vertex. breeding on Sida spinosa in Georgia. Speci- Female.—Length 3.00, width 1.40; black, mens were collected in Illinois on lamb's pubescence similar to that of male; antennae quarter {Chenopodium album) and snow- yellowish brown, entire first segment and berry {Symphoricarpos orbiculatus) as well base of second, black ; second segment slen- as on ragweed. der, scarcely more than half as thick as first.

Known Distribution.—This species is Host Plant.—Bedstraw {Galium apa- common in the southern states and appears rine.) to find its northern limits of distribution in Known Distribution.—California, Ida- central Illinois. ho, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Maryland, Mas- Illinois Records. — Twenty-two males sachusetts, Minnesota, New Jersey, New and 29 females, collected June 5 to Oct. 2, York, Ontario, Pennsylvania, Texas, Vir- are from Alton, Alto Pass, Ashley, Cave-in- ginia, Washington.

Rock, Darwin, Dolson, Dongola, Dubois, Illinois Records.—Antioch : July 5-7,

Elizabethtown, Fairfield, Golconda, Hardin, 1932, Frison et al., 1 $ . Elizabethtown: Havana, Herod, Lawrenceville, Metropolis, May 27-31, 1932, H. L. Dozier, 1$. Oquawka, Shawneetown, Vienna, York. Grand Tower: May 12, 1932, Frison, Ross —

50 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Fol. 22, Art. 1

Ross ment, length 1.04. Antennae, first segment, . 1935, & Mohr, 6 c? Herod: May 29, base, Si Mohr, 4$. Jonesboro: May 6, 1932, length 0.26, width 0.11, constricted at black; second, length 0.43, somewhat flat- on Galium aparine, H. L. Dozier, \6 $ , 5 9. Texas City: May 12, 1936, Ross, tened, broader at base, width 0.12, clothed short, black pubescence, ventral aspect Mohr 5: Burks, 1 S . with black with an elongate, pale sensory pit Rhinacloa Reuter which occupies nearly whole length of seg-

Rhinacloa forticornis Reuter

Rhinacloa Jortico7-nis Reuter (1876, p. 89).

This species is distinguished by its small size, scalelike pubescence and thickened second antennal segment. Male.—Length 2.20, width 0.95. Head width 0.65, vertex 0.26. Rostrum reaching apices of hind coxae, length 0.86. Antennae,

first segment, length 0.13, thickness 0.06, black; second, length 0.56, thickness 0.07, cylindrical, clothed with fine, short pubescence, black; third, length 0.28, pale, slender; fourth, length 0.21, fuscous. Pronotum, length 0.36, width at base 0.85, clothed with

fine, closely appressed, silvery, scalelike pubescence intermixed with dusky to black simple pubescence. General color fuscous to black, hemelytra paler at base, embolium with reddish spot at apex; membrane dusky.

Legs brownish to fuscous ; tibiae pale with spines and dots at bases of spines black. Female.—Length 0.21, width 1.00. Head width 0.60, vertex 0.30. Antennae, first segment, length 0.13, thickness 0.06; second, length 0.47, slender on basal half, clavate

apically (thickness 0.07) ; third, length 0.30, slender, pale; fourth, length 0.20, fuscous. Pronotum, length 0.39, width at base 0.86. Color and pubescence very similar to those of male. Distribution. — in Known Common Fig. 92. Leucopoecila albofasciata, cf. Texas and westward. Rare in Illinois, Iowa and Missouri. ment ; third, length 0.52, slender, black; Illinois Record. — Urbana: June 29, fourth, length 0.43, black. Pronotum, length

1914, C. A. Hart, 1 $ . 0.43, width at base 0.91. Scutellum distinctly convex above level of clavus. Dorsum Leucopoecila Reuter clothed with pale, simple pubescence. Gen- eral color black; a prominent, slightly irreg- Leucopoecila albofasciata Reuter ular pale band extends across middle of

Leucopoecila albofasciata Reuter (1907, p. clavus and basal half of corium; base of 26). cuneus and a triangular spot just before This species is distinguished by its peculiar on corium, pale; membrane fuscous, paler antennae, fig. 92. The dorsum is dark with at base. Legs black, front and middle fem- a pale fascia across the clavus. ora yellowish at apex, tibiae pale, spines Male.—Fig. 92. Length 2.40, width 0.95. black but without spots at- bases, tarsi pale Head width 0.74, vertex 0.39, strongly ver- to fuscous, apical segment darker. tical in position. Rostrum reaching slightly Female.—Length 2.60, width 1.08. Head beyond hind coxae or to fourth ventral seg- width 0.73, vertex 0.38. Antennae, first seg- — . .

September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 51

ment, length 0.17, width 0.06; second, length black, apices white ; tibiae black ; femora

0.49, width 0.06, more slender on basal half, with black bar on dorsal margin ; cuneus no sensory pit evident; third, length 0.43; opaque white with greenish tint, an oblique fourth, length 0.35, black. Form slightly more robust than that of male, but very similar in pubescence and coloration. Known Distribution.—This species is widely distributed in the southern and south- western United States. It has been reported as injurious to grass on golf greens at St. Louis, Mo., and about New York, N. Y. Illinois Records. — Alton: June 26,

1934, DeLong & Ross, 1 $ . Carbondale: Aug. 17, 1891, sweepings from grape, G. H.

French, 1 $. Cave-in-Rock: Oct. 2, 1934, Frison & Ross, 1^. Fountain Bluff:

Aug. 10, 1891, Hart & Shiga, 1 $ . Metrop- olis: Aug. 18, 1891, sweepings from Core- opsis sp., etc., C. A. Hart, 1 $ .

Lopus Hahn

No Illinois species; Lopus decolor (Fal- len) occurs in Connecticut, District of Co- lumbia, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts. New Jersey, New York, Ontario, Quebec, Virginia. It breeds on sedges {J uncus d utile yi and other species).

Amblytylus Fieber

No Illinois species; Amblytylus nasutus (Kirschbaum) occurs in Indiana, Massa- Fig. 93. Macrotylus amoenus, 9. chusetts, Michigan; Europe. black bar across middle; membrane fuscous, a clear spot on either side near margin. Atractotomus Fieber Host Plant.—New England aster {As- No Illinois species; Atractotomus crataegi ter novae-angliae)

Knight is known from Iowa. Known Distribution.—Originally described from Connecticut and later found in Rhode Island and the Delaware Water Macrotylus Fieber Gap. KEY TO SPECIES Illinois Records. — Evergreen Park: 1 July 1, 1935, Ross & DeLong, $ ; Aug. 23,

Chiefly green, ventral surface yellowish, 1934, Ross & DeLong, 1 9 . Grayslake:

femora bhick along dorsal margin, fig. June 10, 1936, breeding on Aster novae-

angliae, . 93; length 2.30 amoenus, p. 51 Ross & Burks, 59,5 51 $ Oak Uniformly black, membrane with four Lawn: July 1, 1936, DeLong & Ross, 3 $ white spots; length 3.00 4$. sexguttatus, p. 51 Macrotylus sexguttatus (Provancher)

Macrotylus amoenus Reuter Amblytylus sexguttatus Provancher (1887, p. 150). Macrotylus amoenus Reuter (1909, p. 75). Not taken in Illinois; known from Con- Adults.—Fig. 93. Length 2.30, width necticut, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, 0.80; yellowish green, hemelytra darker Ontario, Pennsylvania. Host plant, aster green; first and second antennal segments {Aster undulatus) ;

52 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1

Orectoderus Uhler length 0.99, width at base 1.43. General color dark orange brown; abdomen, tarsi Orectoderus obliquus Uhler and second antennal segment becoming fuscous; basal half of corium transparent, Orectoderus obliquus Uhler (1876, p. 320). apical part bright orange brown, but with Male.—Length 8.00, width 2.30. Head a slender dark brown margin; basal one- elongate, inclined, width 1.22, vertex 0.60. third of cuneus white, slightly translucent Rostrum extending to near apex of middle membrane and apical two-thirds of cuneus coxae. Antennae with first segment yel- very dark brown, almost black. lowish, length 0.47; second, 2.42, apical Female.—Length 5.50, wingless; antlike one-third distinctly thickened, yellowish to in form, head wider than pronotum; abdo- orange, thick part black; third, 1.55; fourth, men with first two segments constricted to 0.86; last two segments orange. Pronotum, form a pedicel, remaining segments forming length 1.30, width at base 1.81; lateral a globose, polished, minutely and sparsely margins rounded, slightly concave. General haired gaster with conspicuous pleural fold. color black, shining; legs yellowish to orange General color brown; third and fourth an- colored. Body sparsely clothed with short, tennal segments and apex of second, tarsi, yellowish pubescence. A color variation has and apices of tibiae, fuscous to black; globose the basal half of cuneus and basal one-third portion of abdomen, and tergite of second of corium white. segment, dark chestnut to pitchy black. of Female.—Length 6.00, width abdomen Known Distribution. — Florida, Illi- 2.40. Brachypterous, antlike in form, head nois, Iowa, New Mexico, North Carolina, greatly broader than pronotum; hemelytra Texas. The only Illinois record is that in reduced, extending to base of abdomen, there the original description where Uhler stated: turning upward, the tips vertical and taper- "Other specimens have been secured in . . . ing to a point ; two basal segments of ab- Illinois." domen constricted into a pedicel, the remain- Occurs on high prairie among grasses and ing segments forming a globose portion, the appears to be associated with ants, such as pleural fold prominent. General color pice- Formica {Neoformica) palUde-fulva var. ous to black ; antennae yellowish to orange, incerta Emory. The wingless female bugs blackish. tips of second and third segments resemble this ant in form and color so nearly Habits.—Occurs on the ground among that one must look rather closely to separate grasses and associated with ants. them. Known Distribution.—Alberta, Colo- rado, Connecticut, Illinois, Maine, Mani- DICYPHINAE toba, Massachusetts, Montana, New Bruns- wick, New Mexico, New York. Uhler KEY TO GENERA (1876, p. 320) records this species from Illinois. 1. Eyes large, postocular space of head less than half lateral width of an eye; first antennal segment always Teleorhinus Uhler short, fig. 94 Cyrtopeltis, p. S2 No Illinois species; Teleorhinus teplirosi- Eyes small, postocular space much cola Knight is known from Missouri, New longer, figs. 95, 97; or first antennal Jersey, New York, and may eventually be segment very long, fig. 98 2 taken in Illinois. It breeds on hoary pea 2. Hemelytra hyaline, completely trans- {Tephrosia sp.). parent and glassy, with a well-defined, red or fuscous Y-shaped Coquillettia Uhler mark, fig. 98; pseudarolia absent, fig. 32; form broader Hyaliodes, 56 Coquillettia amoena (Uhler) p. Hemelytra opaque or at least milky, Orectoderus amoenus Uhler (1877, p. 426). and with brown, scattered spots or Male.—Length 6.40, width 1.77. Head widely suffused brownish areas; width 0.90, vertex 0.41. Antennae dark pseudarolia prominent, figs. 29, 53; brown; first segment, length 0.38; second, form narrower, fig. 97 3 2.20; third, 2.00; fourth, 0.95. Pronotum, 3. Pronotal disk with an arcuate, deep ;

September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 53

furrow across middle at junction ot 3. Length of second antennal segment

wide and narrow portions, fig. 97. . subequal to both maximum width

Dicyphus, p. 53 and maximum length of pronotum . Pronotal disk without such a furrow, vestitus, p. 53

fig. 96 4 Length of second antennal segment at least one-third greater than maximum width of pronotum and at least one-half greater than maximum length of pronotum 4

4. Second antennal segment uniformly black; scutellum mostly black; femora without reddish dots gracilentus, p. 54 Second antennal segment with basal two-thirds pale; scutellum entirely Fig. 94.—Head of Cyrtopeltis tenuis. reddish or yellowish; femora with Fig. 95.— Head of Macrolophus separatus. numerous reddish dots 5

Fig. 96.—Head and pronotum of Dicyphus 5. Elytra with numerous reddish streaks; agilis. length of postocular space subequal to distance between eyes 4. Head mostly black; pronotum brown famelicus, p. 54 least on sides or black, at Elytra without reddish streaks; length Dicyphus, 53 p. of postocular space slightly more almost entitely Head and pronotum than one-half distance between eyes greenish yellow discrepans, p. 54 Macrolophus, p. 55

Dicyphus agilis (Uhler) Cyrtopeltis Reuter

Idolocoris agilis Uhler (1877, p. 425). No Illinois species; Cyrtopeltis varians Male.—Length 3.40, width 0.90. Gen- (Distant) occurs in Arizona, California, eral color pale yellowish; head, thorax and Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, Missouri, second segment of antennae chiefly black South Carolina, Texas; Mexico and Central hemelytra pale, lightly marked with fuscous, Rico and Grenada. It is America; Puerto sometimes tinged with red. known to breed on cultivated tomatoes, but Female.—Length 4.50, width 1.10. in the wild state it feeds probably on related Food Plant.—Raspberry {Rubus odora- plants. It has been reported to be a tomato tus and doubtless others). In Illinois it was Mississippi. pest in Arizona, Georgia and collected on walnut [Juglans nigra) and butternut (/. cinerea), but these are cer- Dicyphus Fieber tainly "sitting" records. Known Distribution. — Maine west- KEY TO SPECIES ward to British Columbia and southward to Virginia, through Illinois and Iowa. 1. Length not over 3.00; corium with Illinois Records.—Seven males and 16 large black spot near apex females, taken June 2 to July 2, are from minimus, p. 54 Algonquin, Dolson, Rocky Branch, Gales- Length more than 4.00; corium var- burg, Grand Detour, Grand View, Hardin, iously marked but without a large Manito, Savanna, Sheldon, Urbana. black spot near apex 2

2. Head entirely and pronotum mostly Dicyphus vestitus Uhler dark brown to black; pronotum vestitus Uhler (1895, p. 46). usually with a pale median stripe. . Dicyphus Dicyphus notatus Parshley (1922, p. 16). agilis, p. 53 Length 3.80, width 1.20. Head Head with at least vertex behind eyes Adults.— vertex 0.26. Rostrum reaching pale; pronotum in greater part dull width 0.60, yellow or reddish with only sides to base of hind coxae. First antennal seg- darkened 3 ment, length 0.36, reddish, black on base; —

54 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1

second, 0.91, yellowish, apical one-fourth Dakota, Oregon, Washington. Feeds on black. Pronotum, length 0.58, width at base aster {Aster sp.). 0.95, basal margin deeply concave. General color pale, shaded with fuscous, scutellum Dicyphus gracilentus Parshley black, basal angles pale; ventral surface Dicyphus gracilentus Parshley black, shining. Legs pale, femora with small (1922, p. 21). Dicyphus vestitus Blatchley (1926^, p. 910) points. fuscous not Uhler. Misidentification. Known Distribution.—Colorado, Illi- Adults.—Fig. 97. Length 4.50, wndth Iowa, Minnesota, Ohio, South Dakota. nois, 1.25. Head width 0.60, vertex 0.21. Ros- Illinois Records. Algonquin: Nov. 4, trum reaching to second abdominal sternite.

1897, 1 . Apple River 1895, 1 5 ; May 8, $ Canyon State Park: June 2, 1933, Ross

& Townsend, 1 9 . Bloomington: July 18,

1932, T. H. Prison, 1 5 , 3 $ . Cary: May

14, 1936, Ross & Mohr, 1 $ . Fountain

Bluff: Aug. 10, 1891, Hart & Shiga, 1 $ . Urbana: Nov. 2, 1887, sweeping from grass and evergreens in arboretum, C. A. Hart,

1 1892, in woods. Hart & 9 ; April 30, Marten, I9. Willow Springs: July 16,

1 1911, A. B. Wolcott, 2 (? , 9 , FM.

Dicyphus famelicus (Uhler)

Idolocoris Jamelicus Uhler (1878, p. 413). Adults.—Length 4.80, width 1.20. Ros- trum extending to second abdominal sternite. First antennal segment, length 0.47; second, 1.43, yellowish, apical one-third dark reddish. Pronotum, length 0.62, width at base 0.86, strongly sulcate on base. General color pale yellowish; head and thorax dull reddish; hemelytra and scutellum with dull reddish markings; membrane infuscated; veins and tip of cuneus reddish. Food Plant.—Raspberry {Rubus odoratus). Known Distribution.— Illinois, Massa- chusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania, Vermont, West Virginia, Wisconsin. Illinois Record. — Savanna: July 11,

1917, 1 i .

Dicyphus minimus Uhler

Dicyphus minimus Uhler (1899, p. 59). Not taken in Illinois; known from Cali- fornia, Colorado, District of Columbia, Fig. 97.— Dicyphus gracilentus. New Mexico. First antennal segment, 0.43; second, 1.25, black. Pronotum, Dicyphus discrepans Knight length 0.65, width at base 0.99, basal margin deeply concave. General Dicyphus discrepans Knight (1923^, p. 477). color pale to yellowish, shaded with fuscous; Not yet collected in Illinois; known to scutellum and mesoscutum dull black, basal occur in British Columbia, Michigan, Min- angles of scutellum yellowish; sternum and nesota, New Hampshire, New York, North propleura dark brown, strongly shining. . . ;

September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 55

Legs uniformly pale yellowish, without vertex 0.29; lateral width of an eye 0.20, spots. space between eye and pronotal collar 0.11. Food Plant.—Leafcup {Polymnia cana- First antennal segment, length 0.34; second, densis). 1.00, practically equal to width of pronotum Known Distribution.—Originally de- at base; third, 1.20; fourth 0.52. scribed from Illinois and known also from Food Plants.—Found breeding on Ge- Indiana and Ohio. rardia pedicularia; also occurs in Illinois Illinois Records.—Sixty-seven males and on leafcup {Polymnia sp.). 66 females, taken April 4 to Oct. 29, are Known Distribution. — Florida, Illi- from Apple River Canyon State Park, nois, Indiana, Maryland, New York, Ohio. Bloomington, Cave-in-Rock, Kappa, Oak- Illinois Records. — Bloomington: July wood, Savanna, Urbana, Zion. 18, 1932, T. H. Prison, 1$. Chicago:

1 Golcon- Aug. 4, W. J. Gerhard, $ , fm. Macrolophus Fieber da: June 22, 1932, Ross, Dozier & Park, 1^. Hardin: June 5-9, 1932, H. L. KEY TO SPECIES Dozier, 2$, 1$. Kankakee: Sept. 19, 1930, on Gerard ia pedicularia, Prison &

1 Length of first antennal segment equal . St. Aug. 4, 1936, Ross, 28 5 , 65 9 Anne:

to or slightly greater than width of Prison & Burks, 1 9- Urbana: Aug. 25. head across eyes; length of second 1930, H. H. Knight, 8 c?, 5 $ ; 1930, on segment distinctly greater than Polymnia sp., T. H. Prison, 13 ^ , 10 9 . basal width of pronotum Zion: July 6, 1932, T. H. Prison, 6S, tenuicornis, p. 56 59. Length of firs, antennal segment less than width of head across eyes ... 2 Macrolophus brevicornis Knight 2. Postocular space of head nearly equal brevicornis Knight (1926/, to lateral width of an eye; a fuscous Macrolophus p. 315). stripe present at dorsal margin of This species is suggestive of tenuicornis eye; second antennal segment with Blatchley, but the antennae are distinctly apical one-fourth black; basal two- shorter, with the first segment not equal to thirds of corium without fuscous

the width of the head ; it is distinguished points at bases of hairs except one separatus (Uhler) as shown in the key. row bordering claval suture from Male.—Length 3.60, width 0.96. Head brevicornis, p. 55 width 0.48, vertex 0.26; lateral width of an Postocular space of head little more greater than space than half lateral width of an eye; eye 0.16, or a trifle base of head where second antennal segment with a (0.11) between eye and reaching to narrow fuscous area at apex; co- collar normally fits. Rostrum Antennae, rium with three or four rows of middle of hind coxae, length 1.34. fuscous points on basal two-thirds first segment, length 0.34, scarcely equal to vertex plus dorsal width of an eye separatus, p. 55 width of second, 0.88, being a trifle greater than width of pronotum at base, apical one- Macrolophus separatus (Uhler) fourth black; third, 1.03; fourth, 0.43. Pro-

Dicyphus separatus Uhler (1894, p. 194). notum, length 0.54, width at base 0.84. Male.—Length 4.30. Head width 0.54, General coloration usually lemon yellow,

vertex 0.28; lateral width of an eye 0.20, sometimes greenish yellow ; head with a

space between 0.11 fuscous stripe behind dorsal margin of eye ; eye and pronotal collar, ; without trace of a fuscous vitta behind hemelytra with fuscous points more distinct dorsal margin of eye. Rostrum, length 1.79, than in tenuicornis, basal two-thirds of cori- scarcely attaining posterior margins of hind um without fuscous points at bases of hairs, coxae. First antennal segment, length 0.38, except one row bordering claval suture. black; second, 1.17, yellowish, narrow area Female.— Head width 0.47, vertex 0.25; at apex black; third, 1.28, slender, yellowish lateral width of an eye 0.16, space between to dusky; fourth, 0.51, fusco-brownish. Pro- eye and pronotal collar 0.11. Antennae, first

notum, length 0.66, width at base 1.06. segment, length 0.33 ; second, 0.75, not equal Female.—Length 4.20. Head width 0.56, to width of pronotum at base; third, 1.03; —

56 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1 fourth, 0.38. Pronotum, length 0.54, width segment of female four-fifths as at base 0.84. great as maximum width of pro- Food Plant.—In Iowa found breeding on notum hard, p. 57 an unidentified milkweed {Asclepias sp.). Entire pronotum almost colorless; Known Distribution. — Illinois, Iowa, or pronotum with collar, calli, and a Kansas, Maryland, New Jersey. broad median mark extending from Illinois Records. — Hardin: June 5-9, anterior to posterior margins, dark 1932, H. L. Dozier, 2$, 1$. Vienna: brown or black; or pronotum with a

May 18, 1932, H. L. Dozier, 3 $ . vague dark mark on median line at posterior margin; length of first antennal segment in either ex not Macrolophus tenuicornis Blatchley more than three-fourths as great as Macrolophiis tenuicornis Blatchley (1926^, maximum width of pronotum 2 p. 913). 2. Broad, median, dark brown or black Male.—Length 4.20, width 0.91. Head mark extending from anterior to width 0.47, vertex 0.26; lateral width of an posterior margins of pronotum. . . . eye 0.17, space between eye and pronotal vitripennis var. discoidalis, p. 56 collar 0.13. Rostrum reaching to near pos- Pronotum without broad, median, terior margin of hind coxae. Antennae, first longitudinal, dark mark 3 segment, length 0.56, pale, apex black; sec- 3. Length of first antennal segment equal ond, 1.43, pale, apex black, length greater to or only slightly greater than than basal width of pronotum plus width width of head measured across of head. Pronotum, length 0.60, width at eyes brevis, p. 58 base 0.78. General coloration greenish yel- Length of first antennal segment much low, darkened with fuscous, nearly as in greater than width of head across separatus (Uhler), but fuscous points on eyes; at least two-thirds as great as corium much fainter and confined to inner maximum width of pronotum half; longitudinal fuscous stripe behind dor- vitripennis var. vitripennis, p. 56 sal margin of each eye. Female.—Length 4.00, width 1.00. Head Hyaliodes vitripennis (Say) width 0.43, vertex 0.26. Antennae, first segment, length 0.47; second, 1.17. Pronotum, Capsus vitripennis Say (1832, p. 24). length 0.60, width at base 0.82. Very simi- Length 4.80, width 1.70; hemelytra hya- lar to male in form and coloration. line, glassy, with black or red marks border- Food Plant. —Leafcup {Polymnia cana- ing scutellum, inner edge of clavus and co- densis). rium, and extending across apex of corium Known Distribution.— Illinois and In- to lateral margin; also dark on membrane, diana. veins and tip of cuneus; pronotum usually

Illinois Records. Algonquin: Aug. 7, almost entirely colorless; antennae various- 1930, on Polymnia canadensis, Frison & ly marked with red. Knight, \$. Fern Cliff: Aug. 3, 1934, In some specimens the median area of the

DeLong \ to . posterior portion of the tends & Mohr, $ , 3 $ Golconda: pronotum July 25, 1930, on Polymnia canadensis, be fuscous; in others it may be dark brown

Knight . or black. & Ross, 52 ^ , 5 $ Morris: July Other specimens may have this

19, 1883, Webster, 1 $ . Urbana: 1930, on dark mesal area extending the full length

Polymnia sp., Frison, \ 1 of the pronotum. T. H. $ , $ . These dark extremes constitute the variety discoidalis Reuter (1909, Hyaliodes Reuter p. 61). Habits.—Occurs on several plants; frequent on grape {Vitis sp.) predacious KEY TO SPECIES ; on plant lice.

1. Collar, calli and areas lateral to calli Known Distribution. — Originally de- very dark brown or black, median scribed from Indiana and Pennsylvania and pronotal line always light, fig. 98; since recorded from several eastern states length of first antennal segment of and southern Canada. male equal to maximum width of Illinois Records.—Forty-eight males and pronotum; length of first antennal 95 females, taken May 24 to Sept. 10, are September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 57 from Alton, Antioch, Ashley, Bluff, Cairo, notum, length 0.82, width at base 1.12. Gen- Clay City, Danville, Darwin, De Soto, Dol- eral color pale, translucent; head and body son, Dongola, Dubois, Eichorn, Elizabeth- yellowish; calli, collar, scutellum except town, Evanston, Fairfield, Fort Sheridan, apex, mesoscutum, and inner margin of Galesburg, Grantsburg, Hardin, Harris- clavus, black; apex of scutellum white; apex burg, Havana, Herod, Kampsville, Karnak, of corium, and tip of embolium, red; cuneus Marshall, McHenry, Meredosia, Metropo- and membrane clear, anal angles fuscous, lis, Monticello, Olive Branch, Oregon, veins red to fuscous. Legs pale to yellowish. Parker, Pulaski, Quincy, Rock Island, Female.—Fig. 98. Length 4.90, width Shawneetown, Starved Rock State Park, 1.60. Head width 0.71, vertex 0.32. An- Urbana, West Pullman, White Heath, Wil- tennae, first segment, length 1.08; second, low Springs, Zion. 1.77. Pronotum, width at base 1.34. Very similar to male in form and coloration. Hyaliodes harti new species Holotype, male. —Harrisburg, 111.: June 25, 1932, Ross, Dozier k Park. This is distinguished from vitripennis Allotype, female. —Same data as for by the longer first antennal segment, (Say) holotype. Paratypes. — Illinois. — Same data as

. Illi- for holotype, 11 ^ , 3 $ Northern nois: 1^,3$. Alton: July 19-21, 1932

Ross & Dozier, 1 9 • Anna: June 27, 1909

29. Ashley: Aug. 7, 1917, 3 <5 , 3 $ Beverly Hills: Sept. 11, 1907, E. B. Chope

1 Gerhard, 1 9 ; July 13, 1908, W. J. $ Dixon Springs: June 23, 1932, Ross, Dozier

& Park, 1 $ . Dolson: Sept. 30, 1935, T

H. Frison, 1 9 • Dubois: July 2, 1909, 2 i Eichorn: June 24, 1932, Hick's Branch

on Alnus rugosa, Ross, Dozier & Park, 1 $

Elizabethtown : June 22-24, 1932, Ross

Park, 1 8, 1935, Ross & Dozier & $ ; July DeLong, 29. Galena: June 30, 1932,

Dozier & Mohr, 1 9 . Galesburg: July 24,

1892, Stromberg, 2 <5 , 2 9 • Geff: June 12, 1934, DeLong & Ross, I9. Glenview: July 19, 1931, A. R. Park, l9- Herod:

1 June 23, 1927, T. H. Frison, $ ; June 24, 1932, Ross, Dozier & Park, 19- Joliet:

July 31, 1930, Frison & Knight, 2 9 • Kar- nak: June 23, 1932, Ross, Dozier & Park, 19. La Grange: Sept. 11, 1907, \$. La Rue: July 11, 1935, DeLong & Ross,

1 1 Sept. 7, 1933, ^ , 9. Lawrenceville:

Ross & Mohr, 1 9- Makanda: June 26, 1909, \$. Marshall: July 23, 1932,

Dozier & Park, 1 $ . Metropolis: Aug.

20, 1916, 1 9 . Monticello: June 28, 1914, Fig. 58.— Hyaliodes harti. I9. Normal: July 22, 1884, on black

1 26, 1884, on leaves of walnut, 9 ; July which, in the male, is equal to the width of maple, I9. Oakwood: July 22, 1930, the pronotum at base. Hottes & Tauber, 1 9 ; Oct. 6, 1930, T. H. Male.—Length 4.40, width 1.40. Head, 1909, Frison, 1 9 . Olive Branch: Oct. 2, width 0.73, vertex 0.26. Rostrum just at- 14, W. J. Gerhard, 1 $ . Quincy: Aug. taining posterior margins of middle coxae, 1889, "sweeping along shore of Mississippi length 1.20. Antennae, first segment, length R.," C. A. Hart, 1 9 • Rockford: July,

1.10, bright red; second, 1.69, reddish to 1932, Dozier & Mohr, 1 9 • Rock Island: black; third, 1.12, black; fourth, 0.60. Pro- Julv 7, 1934, DeLong & Ross, I S . St. —

58 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1

tip of Anne: July 22, 1935, Ross & DeLong, 1 9 • of corium, and embolium, fuscous to Springfield: July 12, 1932, T. H. Frison, black. Legs and ventral surface pale, apex of hind femora becoming reddish. on Quercus sp., 3 $ , 7 $ . Starved Rock State Park: July 14, 1932, Dozier & Park, Female.—Length 4.00, width 1.55. Head

. width 0.69, vertex 0.31. First antennal seg- . Sept. 22, 1882, 1 $ 5 ^ , 16 $ Tamaroa: Temple Hill: June 24, 1936, DeLong & ment, length 0.65, scarcely equal to width Ross, 15, 2 9. Urbana: Sept. 27, 1892, of head. Pronotum, length 0.86, width at

1 "sweeping base 1.20. Very similar to male but black C. A. Hart, 9 ; July 21, 1889, areas much reduced, apex of corium and tip in Univ. forestry," C. A. Hart, 1 9 ; Oct. 8,

1 of cuneus still retaining black. 1889, in woods, Marten, 9 ; June 23,

1 11, male. — Urbana, III., Aug. 1 Aug. Holotype, 1908, 9 ; Aug. 23, 1917, 9 ;

1 10, 1932, on bur oak, Quercus macrocarpa, 1932, Knight & Ross, 1 <5 , 9 ; Sept., 1932, T. H. Frison, 1^. Warren: Aug. 22, H. H. Knight.

1935, DeLong & Ross, 1 $ . White Allotype, female. — Same data as for

1 Heath: July 11, 1915, 9 ; July 4, 1933, holotype.

H. H. Ross, 1 $ . Willow Springs: June Paratypes. Illinois. — Same data as

B. Wolcott, 1 . . 27, 1905, A. $ for holotype, W $ , 22 9 Starved Rock Georgia.—Experiment: Aug. 6, 1929, State Park: July 14, 1932, Dozier & Park,

L. Bissell, 1 . \ T. $ $ , 5 9. Urbana: Aug. 3, 1932, H. H.

— 1 Iowa. Ames: 31, ; Aug. 1, 1 July Ross, ; 10, Ross, 9 $ Aug. 1932, H. H. 5 $ ,

1932, F. Andre, 1 • 9 3 9 ; Aug. 11, 1932, H. H. Ross, 1^,29, Missouri.—Springfield: July 18, 1915, H. H. Knight, 4cJ, 69.

H. H. Knight, 4 9 • — Iowa. Ames: Aug. 1, 1 9 ; Aug. 9, 1932, York.—Batavia: 30, 1916, New July F. Andre, 2 S .

H. H. Knight, 2 . Ithaca: 23, 1 — $ July 9 ; Minnesota. St. Anthony Park: Aug.

July 26, 1916, H. H. Knight, 2 $ . 5, 1920, H. H. Knight, 1 9 .

North Carolina.—Raleigh : July, 1909, F. Sherman, 1 $ . BRYOCORINAE North Dakota.—Dickenson County:

July 23, 1925, E. D. Ball, 1 9 • Trail KEY TO GENERA County: July 19, 1923, A. A. Nichol, 1 9 •

Ontario.—Parry Sound: Aug. 7, 1915, 1. Pronotum with a distinct collar and

1 . H. S. Parish, (5 , 2 9 not gibbous posteriorly; sparsely Wisconsin.—Hayward: Aug. 15, 1932, punctured, figs. 73, 99

Moose Lake, T. H. Frison, 1 $ . Monalocoris, p. 58 Pronotum without a distinct collar, Hyaliodes brevis new species and posteriorly inflated and enlarged, often very much so; coarsely This species is distinguished by its short punctured, figs. 100, 101 '. 2 first antennal segment which, in the female, 2. Pronotum posteriorly greatly inflated, does not exceed the width of the head across with a longitudinal crease at least the eyes and, in the male, exceeds the width in middle; embolium broadly ex- of the head only very slightly; the body is panded and flat, not thickened, fig. shorter and more nearly ovate than in vitri- 101 60 pennis (Say). Pycnoderes, p. Pronotum posteriorly moderately in- Male.—Length 4.00, width 1.80. Head flated, without longitudinal im- width 0.69, vertex 0.32. Rostrum scarcely pressions; embolium narrow, thick- reaching base of middle coxae, length 0.95. ened, fig. 100 Sixeonotus, p. 59 Antennae, first segment, length 0.70, pale

yellowish, becoming reddish at apex ; second, 1.43, fuscous to black, slightly paler at mid- Monalocoris Dahlbom dle; third, 0.74; fourth, 0.26, black. Pro- Monalocoris filicis (Linnaeus) notum, length 0.86, width at base 1.16. Gen- eral color pale to yellowish; scutellum Cimex filicis Linnaeus (1758, p. 443). white; hemelytra clear, translucent; tip of Adult.—Fig. 99. Length 2.50, width cuneus, veins in membrane, narrow inner 1.40; short oval, convex. General color margin of clavus, narrow band across apex brown to dark brown, shining. Pronotum — .

September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae. of Illinois 59

finely punctured; legs and antennae pale 1.50. Head width 0.73, vertex 0.43. Ros- yellowish brown. trum reaching to middle of sternum. Pirst 0.54. Host Plants.—Occurs on shield fern antennal segment, length 0.25 ; second, {Aspidium spiiiulosum) and cinnamon fern Pronotum, length 0.86, width at base 1.30. {Osmiinda cinnamonea) General color black; legs and antennae very

Known Distribution. — A European light yellowish ; membrane black, apical half species known also from Canada, Florida, pale, veins black. Known Distribution.—Texas eastward to Plorida, north to Virginia and west to Illinois. Illinois Records.—Alton: July 19-21, 1932, Ross & Dozier, I9. Champaign: July 26, 1889, electric light, C. A. Hart,

Fig. 99. Monalocoris filicis, 9.

Illinois, Minnesota, New England states, Wisconsin.

Illinois Records. — Antioch : Aug. 1,

1924, tamarack bog, T. H. Prison, 2 $ ;

Aug. 1, 1930, on Osmunda cinnamonea,

Prison, , Knight & Ross, 49

~~5-7, 1932, T. H. Prison, 2 9 • Galena~~

~~Junction: July 8, 1917, 1 $. Volo: July~~

~~1 8. 1932, Ross, Dozier & Mohr, $ ; Aug.~~

~~24. 1935, DeLong & Ross, 1 $ . Fig. ICO.— Sixeonotus insignis, 9. Sixeonotus Renter at light, 1 i . Dongola: Aug. 22, 1916,~~

~~1 . Galesburg: Stromberg, 1 £ . Ha- KEY TO SPECIES $ vana: Sept. 24, 1895, Matanzas Lake, C.~~

~~1 2, 1934, DeLong 1. Legs black; membrane uniformly A. Hart, 2$ , $ ; July~~

Ross, 1 Metropolis: Aug. 20, 1916, fuscous to black. . . .unicolor, p. 59 & $. Legs entirely pale with brownish at light, 2$. Pulaski: May 14, 1910, areas on hind femora 2 cypress swamp, 1$. Wolf Lake: July

~~Ross, 1 • 2. Antennae and legs uniformly pale; 30, 1934. DeLong & 9~~

membrane with basal half black. . . insignis, p. 59 Sixeonotus unicolor Knight .Antennae black; hind femora and unicolor Knight (1929rt, p. 247). basal halves of tibiae fuscous; mem- Sixeonotus being brane pale, veins black This species may be distinguished by black, including the membrane; areolatus, p. 60 uniformly the pubescence is prominent, erect and white. Length 3.20, width 1.48. Head Sixeonotus insignis Renter Male.— width 0.75, vertex 0.47. Rostrum extending

~~Sixeonotus insignis Reuter (1876, p. 78). slightly beyond middle of sternum, black; Adult.—Pig. 100. Length 3.10, width length 0.65. Antennae, first segment, length — —~~

~~60 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Fol. 22. Art. 1~~

0.26; second, 0.56; black. Pronotum, length at the bases, and the tibiae are very dark 0.89, width at base 1.30; basal margin very brown or nearly black, and with the apices slightly sinuate along middle, obscuring base almost white. of scutellum; disk moderately and evenly Male.—Length 3.40, width 1.50. Head convex, coarsely and closely punctate, shin- width 0.67, vertex 0.39; front partly yel- ing. Scutellum coarsely punctate, apical area lowish brown. Rostrum just reaching pos- rather distinctly convex and with finer punc- terior margins of middle coxae. Antennae, tures. Uniformly black, trochanters some- first segment, length 0.30; second, 0.65;

~~what pale ; membrane uniformly dark fus- third, 0.56; fourth, 0.61; pale yellowish, cous or black; veins black. Clothed with last two segments fuscous. Pronotum,~~

~~prominent, erect, stif?, white pubescence. length 1.04, width at base 1.25, height from~~

~~Female.—Length 2.90, width 1.48. Head basal angle 0.65 ; disk clothed with distinct width 0.73, vertex 0.47. Antennae, first seg- white hairs, emboliar margins strongly arcu-~~

ment, length 0.25; second, 0.53. Pronotum, ate, edge sharp ; basal one-third with large length 0.90, width at base 1.27. Very simi- translucent white spot, a small one just lar to male in form, punctation and pubes- before apex; cuneus clear. Membrane light-

cence, but generally slightly darker in ly inf uscated ; veins black. color. Known Distribution.—Described from Known Distribution. — Originally de- Indiana. Now known also from Illinois. scribed from Mississippi. No^v known also Illinois Records. Marshall: Sept. 27, from Illinois. 1934, Prison & Ross, 1 <5 . Urbana: July

~~1 Illinois Records. — Galesburg: Sept., 4, 1938, i ; Aug. 15, 1936, Sarah Jones,~~

~~1 Stromberg, 1 6 ; Aug. 29, 1888, Stromberg, ^ , KC. 1$. Pycnoderes medius Knight Sixeonotus areolatus Knight Pycnoderes medius Knight (1926^, p. 105).~~

Sixeonotus areolatus Knight (1929^, p. 243). This is allied to dilatatus Reuter, but Not as yet taken in Illinois; known from differs in its smaller size, fuscous membrane Alabama, Arkansas, Mississippi, Texas. and broader, more heavily gibbous, bilobed

~~pronotal disk, fig. 101 ; it differs from Pycnoderes Guerin quadrimaculatus Guerin and incurvus (Dis-~~

~~KEY TO SPECIES~~

~~1. Legs black; tibiae paler apically; embolium with large pale spot near base and a slightly smaller one near apex.~~

~~convexicollis, p. 60 Legs pale; hind femora fuscous on apical half only 2~~

~~2._Emboliar margins strongly arcuate; a large pale spot on basal half of embolium, apical half black~~

~~drakei, p. 61 Emboliar margins very slightly arcuate; embolium with small pale spot near base and also near apex, fig. 101 .... medius, p. 60~~

~~Pycnoderes convexicollis Blatchley~~

~~Pycnoderes convexicollis Blatchlev fl926«, p. 166j.~~

This is allied to inedius Knight, but is larger, with the pronotum more strongly gibbous; the femora are all black except Fig. lOL Pycnoderes medius, 9. September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 61

tant) by the sharp outer edge of its embo- from Illinois, Maryland, New York, Penn- lium. sylvania, Ontario, Virginia. Male.—Length 2.90, width 1.37. Head Illinois Records. — Mount Carmel: width 0.63, vertex 0.37. General color June 30, 1906, 1 $ . Oregon: July 9, 1925, black; juga and lora more brownish. Ros- T. H. Frison, 1 $ . Savanna: July 29, trum, reaching hind margin of mesosternum, 1892, base of bluf¥, 1 $ . length 0.67. Antennae, first segment, length 0.27; second, 0.60; third, 0.57; fourth, 0.68; FULVIINI first three segments pale, fourth fuscous. Pronotum. length 0.86, width at base 1.20, KEY TO GENERA height from basal angle 0.53. Punctation, pubescence and coloration nearly as in dila- Tarsi three-segmented; lateral margins of

latus. but hemelytra not so broadly dilated : pronotum rounded near anterior angles, apical pale spot on embolium sometimes not shelflike, fig. 68 Fulvius, p. 61 nearly obsolete. Membrane and veins dis- Tarsi two-segmented; lateral margins ot tinctly fuscous, darker at base and on veins, pronotum sharp and shelflike for their apical margins paler and more brownish. entire length, fig. 102. . .Peritropis, p. 62 Legs pale; front coxae except apex, and apical half of femora, fuscous to black. Fulvius St a! Female.—Fig. 101. Length 2.80, width 1.36; similar to male in form and coloration. KEY TO SPECIES Known Distribution.—Described from the Ozarks of Missouri, and now found in Second antennal segment uniformly pale southern Illinois. yellow; scutellum brown with a pale spot Illinois Records.—Alton: July 19-21, at apex brunneus, p. 61 white at 1 Second antennal segment brown, 1932, Ross & Dozier, $ ; June 27, 1934, apex; scutellum uniformly brown DeLong & Ross, 1 $ . Elizabethtown : imbecilis, p. 61 May 22-24, 1932, Ross, Dozier & Park, 1 $ .

~~Pycnoderes drakei Knight Fulvius brunneus (Provancher)~~

Lygus brunneus Provancher (1872, p. 104). Pycnoderes drakei Knight (1926^, p. 106). Adults. Length 3.40, width 1.10. Gen- Not yet collected in Illinois; known only — eral color brown, marked with yellowish from Mississippi. and white. Second antennal segment pale CYLAPINAE yellowish; femora brown like pronotum, basal half of cuneus white; apex of scutel- Represented in Illinois by two tribes, lum and an area on hemelytra pale. the Cylapini and Fulviini keyed out on pp. Known Distribution. — Originally de- 19 and 20. scribed from Ontario, and since reported from Colorado, District of Columbia, Illi- CYLAPINI nois, Iowa, Kansas, Massachusetts, Virginia. Illinois Records.—Olive Branch : Sept.

~~Gerhard, 1 , fm. West Cylapus Say 29, 1909, W. J. $ Pullman: July 13, 1902. W. J. Gerhard,~~

~~1 1 27, 1912, A. B. Wolcott, , fm. Cylapus tenuicornis Say 5 ; Oct. $ Willow Springs: Aug. 4, 1912, W. J.~~

Cylapus tenuicornis 26). 1 Say (1832, p. Gerhard, $ , FM. Adults.—Length 5.50-6.00, width 2.20. General color brownish gray, marked with Fulvius imbecilis (Say) white. Distinguished by the long, slender antennae and prominent, protuberant eyes. Capsus imbecilis Say (1832, p. 25). Habits.—This is a very active species, Adults.—Length 4.00, width 1.20. Very usually to be found on dead and fungus- similar to brunneus (Provancher), but covered tree trunks. larger. Second antennal segment brown with Known Distribution. — Originally de- apical third white; femora yellowish brown; scribed from Indiana, and since recorded scutellum dark brown. 62 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1

Known Distribution.—Described from and pleura dark brown, a white spot on Indiana and since reported from Alabama, mesepimeron. Hemelytra dark brown to Florida, Illinois, Minnesota, Missouri, blackish, a few w^hite dots on costal edge North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Tennessee. of embolium; width 1.50; emboliar mar- Illinois Records.—Beverly Hills: Aug. gins very slightly arcuate, moderately re-

. triangular, 27, 1908, W. J. Gerhard, 1 $ Carbon- flexed ; cuneus narrow white area dale: Aug. 21, 1891, Hart & Shiga, 1 at apex and at inner basal angle. Membrane nymph. Dubois: June 21, 1905, I9. and veins uniformly pale browm. Legs

~~\ . black; pallid to white; Galesburg: Sept., Stromberg, $ , 1 $ brownish coxae~~

~~Havana: Aug. 16, 1883, 1 nymph. Mount tibiae with three w-hite spots on basal half, Carmel: June 30, 1906, 2$. Olive apical one-third pallid; tarsi pale fuscous.~~

Branch: Sept. 29, 1909, W. J. Gerhard, Venter dark brown. 1$, FM. Urbana: June 16, 1887, electric Male.—Length 3.20, width 1.47; some- light, C. A. Hart, 1$. White Heath: what more slender than the female but

June 25, 1916, 1 $ . very similar in color. Head width 0.60, vertex 0.29. Rostrum, length 1.60, reach- Peritropis Uhler ing upon seventh abdominal sternite. Anten- nae, first segment, length 0.19; second, 1.12. KEY TO SPECIES Pronotum, length 0.47, width at base 1.21. Known Distribution.—Described from Coxae brown; clavus and cerium thickly the District of Columbia and Illinois. Uhler dotted with pale flecks husseyi, p. 62 states: "Others have been captured near Coxae pallid; clavus and corium brown to Chicago and in other parts of northern tuscous, without pallid flecks Illinois." Known from District of Colum- saldaeformis, p. 62 bia, Illinois, Iowa, Maryland, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania and Texas. The only record Peritropis saldaeformis Uhler for Illinois is that in the original description.

Peritropis saldaeformis Uhler (1891, p. 122). Peritropis husseyi Knight Peritropis saldijormis Bergroth (1920, p. 74). Emended name. Peritropis husseyi Knight (1923^, p. 50). Diagnostic color characters: general color Female. Fig. 102. Length 3.20. Head brownish black, alutaceous, head and pro- — width 0.62, vertex 0.31, length from front notum thickly dotted with pale yellowish, margin of eyes to tip of tylus 0.31; front clavus and corium unspotted, coxae pallid. Female.—Length 2.90, width 1.51. Head width 0.65, vertex 0.32, length from front margin of eyes to tip of tylus 0.28. Ros- trum, length 1.51, reaching to base of sixth ventral segment. Antennae, first segment, length 0.22, brown, a white annulus on basal half, a pallid dot on dorsal aspect of apical half; second, 0.88, dark brown, a white spot at middle on dorsal side, somewhat paler near base. Pronotum, length along median line 0.49, width at base 1.29, anterior width 0.45 ; lateral margins nearly straight, shelflike, very slightly reflexed; basal margin with small tubercle at median line, each side of this a distinct scallop, then sinuate to basal angle, the basal edge whitish; calli strongly convex, separated at median line by a foveate depression. Scu- tellum moderately convex, dark brown, apex white; mesoscutum broadly exposed for a longitudinal space equal to three- fourths the length of scutellum. Sternum Fig. 102.— Peritropis husseyi. September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 63

more porrect and more nearly cone shaped smaller than the female but very similar in than in saldaeformis Uhler. General color structure and color; genital claspers promi- brownish black, irregularly marked with nent and distinctive. small pale spots; three or four larger spots Habits.—Collected by R. F. Hussey from on the strongly flattened tylus; bucculae beneath bark of white oak logs cut for fence tinged reddish. Rostrum brownish black, posts. length 2.22, nearly attaining the hind mar- Known Distribution. — Alabama, Illi- gin of the first genital segment. Antennae, nois and Michigan. first segment, length 0.28, black ; second, Illinois Record.—Meredosia: Aug. 21, cylindrical, slightly 1.00, nearly but thick- 1917, sand pit, 1 9 . ened toward apex, black, a small pallid spot on dorsal side near middle, the extreme tip CLIVINEMINAE slightly paler, clothed with very fine, short, pale pubescence; third, 0.29; fourth, 0.34; Represented in Illinois by two tribes, the last two segments slender, black. Pronotum Largideini and Clivinemini, keyed out on brownish black ; length along median line p. 20. 0.51, width at base 1.17; anterior width 0.61 lateral practically straight, ; margins LARGIDEINI shelflike, extreme edge reflexed ; anterior angles prominent, forming right angles; Largidea Van Duzee basal margin with a broad sulcus which rounds distally ; margin without tubercles, Largidea grossa Van Duzee practically transverse on the middle one- third; calli less prominent than, and not so Largidea grossa Van Duzee (1916c, p. 238). abruptly convex as, in saldaeformis, sepa- This species is allied to davisi Knight, but rated by a foveate groove at the median line is distinguished by the thick, more inflated of disk; disk rather closely dotted with form of its second antennal segment. whitish spots that are frequently confluent; Female.—Length 5.30, width 2.60. Head slender area at lower margin of propleura, width 1.34, vertex 0.86. Rostrum extending and a line extending distad from the top of slightly beyond middle of sternum, length coxal cleft, pallid. Scutellum nearly as in 1.50. Antennae, first segment, length 0.35, saldaeformis, more extensively white at thickness 0.17; second segment, 1.73, strong- apex, a few pale dots adjoining; meso- ly inflated, thickness 0.30 at middle, taper- scutum exposed for a longitudinal space ing off at either end. Pronotum, length 1.60, equal to two-thirds the length of scutellum, width at base 2.20, disk moderately convex, a curved pale mark near each basal angle. with coarse, rugulose punctation. Scutellum Sternum and pleura brownish black; basalar moderately convex, finely punctate. Clavus plate, and posterior and ventral margins of and corium with shallow, rugulose puncta- epimera, pale; ostiolar peritreme pallid. tion. Clothed with short, recumbent, pale Hemelytra brownish black, rather closely to dusky pubescence. General color reddish spotted with pallid, the spots frequently brown, calli black, membrane fuscous, veins elongate or confluent, each pale point with darker. a minute, short, scalelike hair; tip of clavus Known Distribution. — Originally de- and spot at inner basal angle of cuneus ren- scribed from Lake Tahoe, California, and dered pallid by the fusion of several small later found in Oregon and the Santa Cata- points; cuneus black, a few pale points near lina Mountains of Arizona. It occurs on base; width 1.54, emboliar margins arcuate, pines. somewhat reflexed basally. Membrane uni- Illinois Record.—A single female speci- formly pale fuscous, the veins scarcely men in the Illinois Natural History Survey darker, slightly paler areas bordering mar- collection bears the data, "Havana, 111., gin of cuneus. Legs brownish black; coxae Sept. 21, 1895, at lights in town, collected scarcely paler at apices; middle and hind by Hempel." This specimen can be identi- tibiae paler apically, a narrow pallid annulus fied only as Largidea grossa, although this near middle; front and middle tarsi pale species has always been considered to be fuscous, hind pair lighter. Venter brownish restricted to the far western states. This black, with pale yellowish pubescence. surprising distribution record cannot at the Male.—Length 3.00, width 1.40; slightly present time be explained. .

~~64 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1~~

CLIVINEMINI fusco-brownish, strongly pubescent; second segment, 1.50, black, cylindrical, equal in KEY TO GENERA thickness to first segment, thickly clothed with suberect pubescence; third, 0.69, slen- Membrane distinctly pubescent; collar not der, pale to dusky, clothed with long pubes-

distinctly hooded over head cence ; fourth, 0.35, slender, fuscous. Pro- Bothynotus, p. 64 notum, length 1.30, width at base 1.90; disk Membrane glabrous, or with extremely convex, coarsely and closely punctate, fine pubescence only; collar hooded or clothed with long fuscous pubescence. Scu- somewhat elevated above head tellum strongly convex, impunctate, pubes- Clivinema, p. 64 cent. Hemelytra with emboliar margins subparallel, with sharp edge, clavus and co- Clivinema Reuter rium strongly, transversely rugulose; membrane and veins uniformly dark fuscous, No Illinois species; Clivinema villosa thickly clothed with erect fuscous pubes- Reuter occurs in Montana, Oklahoma, cence. Body black, distinctly shining, head Texas. red, tylus black, legs very dark brown, tibiae somewhat paler and translucent. Bothynotus Fieber Female.—Length 4.80, width 2.60; emboliar margins distinctly arcuate. Head (Wirtner) Bothynotus modestus width 1.01, vertex 0.65. Antennae, first segment, length 0.51; second, 1.20, Neobothynotus modestus Wirtner (1917, p. more 34). slender than first segment, black, paler on

This species is distinguished from the basal half, clothed with long pubescence; other known American species by its large third, 0.73; fourth, 0.56. More robust than size and longer antennae; also, the length male, but similar in color and pubescence. Known Distribution.—Described from Pennsylvania, where it was found on pine trees. Single specimens are now known from Illinois, Kansas, Maryland, Ohio.

~~Apparently this is a rare but widely distributed species. Illinois Record,—Northern Illinois: 1?. DERAEOCORINAE KEY TO GENERA~~

~~1. Second antennal segment broad and distinctly flattened, fig. 20 Hesperophylum, p. 74 Second antennal segment cylindrical, fig. 105 2~~

2. Antennae linear, very long and of nearly equal thickness throughout, fig. 105; vertex transversely striate and longitudinally sulcate, fig. 104; second segment of hind tarsus much Fig. 103.— Bothynotus modestus, cf shorter than either first or third segments; usually large, elongate species of the second antennal segment is uch Eustictus, p. 65 greater than the width of the head. Antennae not so long or linear, second Male.—Fig. 103. Length 5.10, width segment slender at base and slightly 2.40. Head width 0.99, vertex 0.56. Ros- enlarged toward apex, third segment trum reaching to bases of hind coxae, length slender, fig. 107; vertex usually pol- 1.60. Antennae, first segment, length 0.49, ished; second segment of hind tarsus .

~~September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs^ or Miridae, of Illinois 65~~

as long as either first or third seg- paler at lateral margins; width of ments, or nearly so 3 vertex of male twice as great as thickness of first antennal segment; length, male 5.50-6.00, female 7.00 necopinus, p. 66

~~Eustictus salicicola Knight~~

~~Eustictus salicicola Knight (1923^, p. 482).~~

This is allied to venatorius Van Duzee, but differs in the form of its antennae, its tibial pubescence and the color pattern of the dorsum. Fig. 104.— Head and pronotum of Eiistictus Male.—Fig. 105. Length 6.90, width salicicola. 2.40. Head width 1.19, vertex 0.08, height of eye 0.77; eyes prominent, projecting above Head strongly produced and nearly horizontal, facial angle acute, tylus projecting beyond apex of first an-

tennal segment, fig. 108; emboliar margin thin and broadly expanded, sides nearly parallel Eurychilopterella, p. 73 Head less produced, scarcely surpassing middle of first antennal segment, fig. 107, facial angle either one of 90 degrees or only slightly less; embolium not as above Deraeocoris, p. 66

~~Eustictus Reuter~~

~~KEY TO SPECIES~~

Hind tibiae with long, fine hairs on basal half, these hairs distinctly longer than true spines 2 Hind tibiae with minute pubescence on basal half, these hairs not so long as true spines 3 Pronotal disk uniformly very dark brown; legs chiefly reddish, tibiae without paler bands; length 8.00-

11.00 filicornis, p. 66 Pronotal disk black, but paler near basal margin; legs pale testaceous Fig. 105.— Eustictus salicicola, cf and marked with black, tibiae distinctly marked with four alternating vertex and below gula. Rostrum, length pale and tuscous bands 2.77, attaining posterior margins of hind venatorius, p. 66 coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 0.81, Pronotal disk with median portion pale, marked with black; second, 2.31, dark black; broad, pale areas with dark fuscous, paler on basal one-sixth but with punctures present at lateral margins; faint dark spots, extreme apex paler, rather width of vertex of male only slightly densely covered with fine, short, pale pubes- greater than thickness of first an- cence, a few hairs slightly longer, but none tennal segment; length, male 6.90, exceeding thickness of segment; third, 1.05, female 7.40 salicicola, p. 65 black, paler apically; fourth, 0.91, black. Pronotal disk chiefly dark brown, not Pronotum, length 1.25, width at base 2.00; .

66 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Fol. 22, Art. 1 median portion of disk black, broad pale Eustictus necopinus Knight areas with dark punctures present at lateral Eustictus necopinus Knight (1923^, 481). margins; propleura very dark brown, lower p. Not taken in Illinois; known from British margins pale. Scutellum black, basal angles Columbia, District of Columbia, Massa- paler; minutely, sparsely pubescent. Hem- chusetts, New York, Ontario; occurs on elytra glabrous, pale, translucent and aspen. marked with fuscous, but without large spots on basal half as in venatorius; clavus black on either side of commissure, slender Deraeocoris Fieber dark markings bordering claval veins ; corium with punctures; radius, and large spot KEY TO GROUPS AND on inner apical angle, dark fuscous to black; SUBGENERA embolium scarcely darkened at apex, ex- 1. not cleft or only slightly cleft, treme outer edge black, width 2.50. Cuneus Claws f^g. 34 C, 72 pale, translucent, inner apical margin black- Group p. Claws deeply cleft near base, figs. 33, ish. Membrane pale, smoky within areoles, 35 2 veins slightly darker, a fuscous mark bordering apical margin of larger areole. Legs 2. Scutellum punctate Group pale and marked with black; femora with A, Subgenus Camptobrochis, p. 66 apical half marked and spotted with black, Scutellum impunctate 3 an irregular pale but spotted subapical an- 3. Dorsum practically glabrous, at most nulus; tibiae with four paler bands but more only sparsely and finely pubescent or less interrupted with dark spots, pubes- {not rubbed specimens), rarely with a cence short, not attaining length of true few hairs at anterior angle of pro- spines. Venter pale greenish with reddish notum; hind tibiae with a row of marks. spines or heavily chitinized hairs on Female.—Length 7.40, width 2.77; very anterior face Group B, p. 69 similar to male in coloration, but differs in Dorsum heavily pubescent or hairy, at pilose character of antennae. least with long hairs at anterior Habits.—This species occurs on the bark angles of pronotum; hind tibiae of willow trees where it may be predacious without distinct spines on anterior on aphids and other small insects. face, usually closely set with promi- Known Distribution. — Illinois, Iowa, nent long hairs Group Kansas, Minnesota, Mississippi, Nebraska, D, Subgenus Euarmosus, p. 73 Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas. Illinois Records.—Five males and 8 fe- Group A males, taken June 17 to Sept. 7, are from Alton, Chicago, Galesburg, Havana, Law- KEY TO SPECIES renceville. Metropolis, Mount Carmel, 1. Dorsum bright red; clavus, a pair Rosiclare, Savanna. of large spots on corium and pronotum black histrio, p. 69 Eustictus filicornis (Walker) Dorsum not red and black as above. . . 2

2. Capsus filicornis Walker (1873, p. 96). Cuneus red or stained with reddish; Megacoelum grossum Uhler (1887f, p. 70). membrane hyaline or with only a Not taken in Illinois; known from Dis- fuscous spot at apex, or a point either trict of Columbia, Florida, Maryland, Mas- side of middle 3 sachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Penn- Cuneus infuscated or marked with sylvania, Virginia; occurs on yellow pine black, rarely reddish; if reddish, {Pinus echinata) membrane distinctly black; membrane usually heavily marked with fuscous; if not, cuneus without a Eustictus venatorius Van Duzee trace of reddish 4 Eustictus venatorius Van Duzee (1912. ^n 3. Length of second antennal segment not 479). equal to length of pronotum; two Not taken in Illinois; known from New fuscous spots on apical half of mem- York, where it occurs on hickory trees. brane, darkest specimens developing — :

~~September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 67~~

a brownish cloud distad of spots. . . . the darkest specimens of ornatus may de- ornatus, p. 67 velop a brownish cloud distad of the spots. Length of second antenna! segment at Male.—Length 4.50, width 2.08. Head least equal to length of pronotum; width 1.01, vertex 0.40. Antennae, first membrane infuscated at apex segment, length 0.34; second, 1.11, scarcely poecilus, p. 67 equal to length of pronotum, thickness 0.08, 4. Membrane nearly clear, but having two black, brown annulus indicated at middle; small tuscous points, one at either third, 0.40; fourth, 0.40. Pronotum, length 1.14, width at side on apical halt. . .nebulosus, p. 67 base 1.92; calli black, a red- Membrane with apical halt heavily dish brown stripe extends around posterior infuscated nubilus, p. 69 margin and more or less toward anterior angles of disk; grayish testaceous, paler Deraeocoris nebulosus (Uhler) near margins of disk and at median line, not so distinctly brownish as in poecilus. Camptobrochis nebulosus Uhler (1872, p. Scutellum reddish brown to piceous, punc- 417). tures black, apex and lateral margins ivory Adult.—Length 3.50-3.90, width 1.75- white, median line usually indicated. Hem- 2.00; ovate, shining; olivaceo-testaceous, elytra grayish, translucent; punctures, f renal darkened with black, or fuscous to black margin, areas bordering commissure, spot with pale markings; membrane clear, a pair at middle, and stripe along apical margin of small fuscous points on apical half, one of corium, piceous; tip of embolium trans- on either side of middle. Male genitalia lucent, reddish. Cuneus red, translucent, as in fig. 106. paler at inner angle and outer margin; Habits. Predacious; occurs most fre- — several very fine, black punctures evident. quently on bur oak {Quercus macrocarpa) Membrane pale, brachium infuscated, more and maple {Acer sp.), but also on other or less invading membrane on both sides; trees. a pair of rounded fuscous spots present on Known Distribution. Common in the — apical half, one either side of middle, dark- eastern states and westward to Texas and est specimens developing a brownish cloud Colorado. distad of spots. Genitalia as in fig. 106. Illinois Records. — One hundred fifty Female.—Length 4.80, width 2.34; very males and 175 females, taken 11 May to similar to male. Second antennal segment, Nov. 1, are from Algonquin. Allerton, Al- length 1.08; slightly shorter than length of ton, Antioch, Cary, Centralia, Champaign, pronotum, which is 1.20, black, middle one- Chicago, Cobden, Danville, De Soto, Dol- third testaceous or brownish; all other seg- son, Dubois, Eichorn, Elizabeth, Ernst, ments black. Fairmount, Frankfort, Galena, Galesburg, Known Distribution. — Illinois, Iowa, Giant City, Grafton, Grand Tower, Har- Missouri, Nebraska, South Dakota. risburg, Havana, Kansas, Lawrenceville, Illinois Records. Dixon Springs: May Meredosia, Metropolis, Milford, Monti- 9, 1935, C. O. Mohr, 4$. Eichorn: May cello, Muncie, Normal, Oquawka, Palos 11, 1933, C. O. Mohr, 1$. Golconda: Park, Paris, Quincy, Rockford, Rockton, May 10, 1935, C. O. Mohr, I9. PiKE Springfield, Starved Rock State Park, Ur- June 28, 1934, DeLong & Ross, 2 9 . bana, Warsaw, White Heath, White Pines Vienna: June 14, 1934, DeLong & Ross, Forest State Park, Willow Springs, Zion. "111." 1 9 . One female labeled in the C. V. Riley collection, USNM. Deraeocoris ornatus Knight Deraeocoris poecilus (McAtee) Deraeocoris (Camptobrochis) ornatus Knight (1921, p. 99). Camptobrochis poecilus McAtee (1919, p. This species is very similar to poecilus 246). (McAtee), but the second antennal seg- Deraeocoris cuneatus Knight (1921, p. 96). ment is shorter in proportion to the length Adults.—Length 4.00-5.00, width 2.00- of the pronotum and the punctures on the 2.50; slightly larger than, but structurally disk are finer; the two rounded fuscous to, very close nebulosus (Uhler) ; olivaceo- spots on the apical half of the membrane testaceous to brownish and black, cuneus are suggestive of nebulosus (Uhler), but red, membrane clear, a rather distinct, some- 68 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1

~~BOREALIS BETULAE~~

~~DAVISI FASCIOLUS GRANDIS~~

~~LARICICOLA NIGRITULUS NITENATUS~~

~~POECILUS ORNATUS Fig. 106.-Male genital claspers of Deraeocoris. A, B, left clasper; C, right cl asper. September , 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 69~~

at what oval-shaped, fuscous spot apex. strobus, Dozier & Mohr, 66 , 57 $ $ ; July Male genitalia as in fig. 106. 12, 1934, DeLong & Ross, 2$. Habits.—Predacious; occurs most frequently on alder {Alnus rugosa) and red Group B birch {Betula nigra). Known Distribution.— Illinois, Minne- KEY TO SPECIES sota, New York, Pennsylvania, West Vir- 1. Tibiae with luscous or pale bands. ... 2 ginia. Tibiae uniformly pale or yellowish. . . 7 Illinois Records.—Thirty males and 25 2. Membrane with a distinctly rounded females, taken May 1 to July 26, are from fuscous spot on apical Antioch, Carmi, Charleston, Eichorn, Eliza- half, frequently connected bethtown. Galena, Grafton, Grand Tower, at base bv a fuscous streak extending Harrisburg, Havana, Herod, Lawrence- down from between areoles, thus leaving a ville, Metropolis, Pike, Quincy, Rock Island, large pale spot on either side of Starved Rock State Park, West Union. middle and on area bordering apex of cuneus 3 histrio (Reuter) Deraeocoris Membrane usually somewhat infuscated, but not as above 4 Callicapsus histrio Reuter (1876, p. 75). Adults.—Length 4.50-5.00, width 2.00- 3. Calli solid black, a broad piceous ray 2.30; dorsum bright red; clavus, a pair of behind each; in pale specimens, large spots on corium and pronotum black. calli may be somewhat brownish, but, in such cases, median line Male genitalia as in fig. 106. and Habits.—Found breeding on smartweed margins of disk distinctly pale, leaving a dark brown ray behind {Polygonum muhlenbergii) in Minnesota each callus; hemelytra with clavus and Colorado, where it appeared to be and corium piceous, embolium pale predacious in part on certain Fulgoridae. borealis, 71 Illinois Records.—Sixty-two males and p. Calli more or less invaded with brown- 51 females, taken May 4 to Nov. 10, are ish, or pale, distinct rays not appar- from Algonquin, Argo, Bath, Canton, Cham- ent behind calli; hemelytra and pro- paign, Chicago, Galesburg, Grand Tower, notum more uniformly colored, Havana, Homer Park, Kampsville, Metrop- either dull yellowish brown or dark olis, Normal, Palos Park, Putnam, Quincy, brown Savanna, Savoy, Starved Rock State Park, fasciolus var. fasciolus 70 Urbana. p. 4. Rostrum extending slightly beyond posterior margins of hind coxae; Deraeocoris nubilus Knight membrane with apical halt scarcely Deraeocoris {Camptobrochis) nubilus Knight infuscated; femora pale but with (1921, p. 106). two distinct black bands near apex; Adults.—Length 4.20-4.80, width 2.00- hind tibiae with two tuscous annuli 2.30; male more elongate than female, apical on basal half grandis, p. 71 half of membrane usually heavily infuscated; Rostrum scarcely attaining posterior disk of pronotum fuscous to black behind margins of hind coxae; membrane, calli, median line pale; femora biannulate femora and hind tibiae not having

~~with apical half pale. Male genitalia as in above combination of characters. . 5~~

~~fig. 106. 5. Femora uniformly dark on apical half, Habits.—Occurs on pine {Pinus stro- likewise basal part in darkest speci-~~

bus) ; probably predacious. mens; venter distinctly reddish, Known Distribution.— Illinois, Minne- sometimes dark chestnut red, shin- sota, Nebraska, New England states, New ing betulae, p. 70 York, North Carolina, Virginia. Femora with apical half distinctly Illinois Records.—Starved Rock State banded or entirely pale 6

~~Park: July 14, 1932, on Pinus strobus, 6. Second antennal segment provided~~

~~Dozier 1 & Park. i ; Sept. 17, 1935, with prominent, pale, erect hairs,~~

~~DeLong & Ross, 1 9 . White Pines For- their length equal to three times est State Park: July 4, 1932, on Pinus thickness of segment; pronotum . 1~~

~~70 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin FoL 22, Art. 1~~

with discoidal margins pale, calli a pale median line running over disk and posterior part of disk black, and scutellum; hemelytra darkened forming a ray behind each callus, to such an extent that three blotch- thus leaving median line pale like, fuscous spots are not apparent

alnicola, p. 70 . quercicola var. quercicola, p. 71 Second antennal segment without Dorsum pallid brown with three dark prominent, exserted hairs or, if such spots, one at base, one at middle hairs present, their length never and one at apex of each hemelytron; more than twice thickness of seg- calli usually entirely black, but, in ment; pronotal disk without distinct pale specimens, calli only margined rays, sometimes black, but lateral with black margins not distinctly paler quercicola var. pallens, p. 71 aphidiphagus, p. 71 7. Hind femora with two brown or fus- Deraeocoris betulae Knight cous bands near apex; apical half of membrane with a distinctly Deraeocoris betulae Knight (1921, p. 129). rounded fuscous spot, usually con- No Illinois specimens; known from the nected at base by a fuscous streak New England and Middle Atlantic states; that extends up between large occurs on birch {Betula lutea). Male geni- areoles 8 talia as in fig. 106. Hind femora with but one fuscous band; apical half of membrane pale Deraeocoris alnicola Knight or clouded with fuscous, but fuscous area not forming a rounded Deraeocoris alnicola Knight (1921, p. 132). spot on apical half 9 No Illinois specimens; known from Con-

8. Calli solid black, a broad piceous ray necticut, Ontario, New York; occurs on behind each; in pale specimens, calli alder {Alnus incatia). Male genitalia as in may be somewhat brownish, but, fig. 106. in such case, median line and margins of disk distinctly pale, leav- Deraeocoris fasciolus Knight ing a dark brown ray behind each Deraeocoris Knight callus; hemelytra with clavus and fasciolus (1921, p. 123). Adults.—Length 6.50, width 2.80-3.10; corium piceous, embolium pale. . . . usually slightly smaller than borealis borealis, p. 71 (Van Calli more or less invaded with brown- Duzee), disk of pronotum more uniformly ish or pale areas, distinct rays not colored, calli more or less invaded with apparent behind calli; hemelytra brownish or pale and without distinct rays and pronotum more uniformly behind; left genital clasper very similar to colored, fulvo-testaceous to dark that of borealis, but right clasper distinctive, brownish fig. 106.

fasciolus var. castus, p. 70 In the variety fasciolus castus Knight 9. Dorsum uniformly very dark brown; (1921, p. 125) the tibiae are uniformly yel- calli and scutellum black lowish rather than partly dark, as in the

davisi, p. 72 typical form; castus has not been taken in Dorsum pale to testaceous and brown- Illinois. ish, frequently becoming fuscous Habits.—Occurs on hawthorns {Cra- or black but always with some pale taegus sp.) and apple trees, where it feeds areas; calli margined with black or on the rosy aphid, Macrosiphum rosae (Lin- entirely black 10 naeus). In New York the author found 10. Calli black only around margins, dor- the white, wax-coated nymphs of D. fascio- sum rich brownish to deep brown, lus frequenting the aphid-curled leaves, feed- shining nitenatus, p. 72 ing on aphids and their honeydew excretions. Calli entirely black, or, if not, dorsum Illinois Records.—Northern Illinois: pallid and with three darkened July, 1^, 1$. Antioch: Aug. 1, 1930, spots on each hemelytron, one at Frison, Knight & Ross, 1$. Galena:

~~apex, one at middle and one at 1 base. June 30, 1932, Dozier & Mohr, 1 $ . 1 1 Dorsum fuscous to black, usually with Monticello: June 11, 1934, Frison & De- —~~

~~September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 71~~

~~. 1932, among the aphids and their excretory prod- Long, 1 c5 , 1 9 Waukegan: July 6, on Tilia sp., T. H. Frison, 1 9 . Willow ucts. This species of mirid must be regarded~~

Springs: July 8, 1906, W. J. Gerhard, as a beneficial species, as it reduces the numbers of elm aphids. 1 $ , FM. Known Distribution.—Several eastern Deraeocoris borealis (Van Duzee) states; taken as far west as Arkansas, Colo- rado, Minnesota, North Dakota, South Da- Camptobrochys borealis Van Duzee (1920, kota. p. 354). Illinois Records. — Twenty-one males Illinois; from Michi- Not taken in known and 13 females, taken June 5 to July 18, are gan, Minnesota, Ohio, Wisconsin; occurs on alders. Male genitalia as in fig. 106.

~~Deraeocoris grandis (Uhler)~~

Camptobrochts grandis Uhler (1887^, p. 230). Adults.—Length 6.40-7.00, width 2.90- 3.10. Distinguished by its long rostrum, which reaches the second abdominal sternite. Dorsum rather uniformly dark brown; median line of pronotal disk with a rather broad, pale stripe, but this area only slightly paler than that behind calli. Legs pale; apical half of hind femora and basal half of tibiae with two black annulations. Mem- brane uniformly pale smoky on the apical half. Male genitalia as in fig. 106. Habits.—Occurs on hickory {Carya sp.). Known Distribution. — Illinois, Iowa, Maryland, New York, Ontario. Illinois Records. Northern Illinois:

~~1 $. Champaign: June 15, 1888, at electric light, C. A. Hart. Frankfort: June Fig. 107. Deraeocoris aphidiphagus, d^. 8, 1933, on Carya sp., Mohr & Townsend, —~~

2 , 3 $ . c5 from Alto Pass, Antioch, Augerville, Cham- paign, Elgin, Frankfort, Galesburg, Grand Deraeocoris aphidiphagus Knight Detour, Hardin, Lacon, Normandy, Ur- bana. Willow Springs. Deraeocoris aphidiphagus Knight (1921, p. 134) Deraeocoris quercicola Knight Adults.—Fig. 107. Length 5.80-6.10, width 2.90-6.10. Fusco-grayish to black, Deraeocoris quercicola Knight (1921, p. 138). paler and translucent parts not stained with Adults.—Length 5.50-5.80, width 2.40- brownish; apical half of membrane infus- 2.80. General color fuscous to black. Calli cated; tibiae with three black annulations; black; apical half of membrane smoky, left genital clasper with a long horn at rarely as pale as in nitenatus Knight. Left dorsal extremity, internal arm slender, fig. genital clasper with a long dorsal horn that

~~106. is very distinctive when contrasted with the~~

Habits.— 1 have found this species breed- form of the internal arm, fig. 106. ing only on elm {Ulmus sp.), in curled Specimens of this species in which the calli leaves infested with Eriosoma americaniim are more or less pale, the hemelytra are (Riley). Both nymphs and adults feed on pallid or yellowish, and the corium has a the aphids and their honeydew excretions. black spot in the middle, have been desig- The nymphs are coated with a white, wax- nated variety pallens Knight (1921, p. 140). like material similar to that which covers This variety and the typical one occur to- the aphids, and in the early stages, at least, gether in Illinois. they are rather inconspicuous, as they live Habits.—Occurs on white oak (Quercus —

~~72 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1~~

alba), bur oak [Qiiercus macrocarpa) , bass- aphid, Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausmann), wood {Tilia sp.) and hawthorn {Crataegus and, probably, other aphids. sp.). Known Distribution.—District of Co- Known Distribution.—A common spe- lumbia, Illinois, Iowa, Maryland, Minne- cies in the northeastern states; known also sota, New England, North Carolina, Que- from Colorado, Iowa, Minnesota, New bec, Virginia.

~~Mexico, and southeastward into Georgia Illinois Records. Antioch : July 5-7, and North Carolina. 1932, on Tilia sp., T. H. Frison et al., 1 $ .~~

Illinois 1 • Records.—Thirty-two males and Galesburg: July 24, 1892, ^ , 1 2 36 females, taken June 2 to July 16, are from Antioch, Apple River Canyon State Group G Park, Champaign, Chicago, Elizabethtown, Frankfort, Galena, Galesburg, Grand De- KEY TO SPECIES tour, Keithsburg, Manito, Monticello,

Mount Carroll, Urbana, Waukegan, White 1. Dorsum practically glabrous, at most Pines Forest State Park, Willow Springs, only sparsely and finely pubescent Zion. Blatchley (1926Z', p. 900) also records {not rubbed specimens), rarely with this species from Glen EUyn. a few hairs at anterior angles of pronotum 2 Deraeocoris davisi Knight Dorsum heavily pubescent, at least with long hairs at anterior angles of Deraeocoris davisi Knight (1921, p. 140). pronotum 3 Adults.—Length 5.30, width 2.50. Gen- 2. Second antennal segment of female eral color uniformly brownish black; legs with prominent exserted hairs, length and antennae chiefly pale, hind femora with of hairs one and one-half times the an incomplete dark annulus on apical half; thickness of segment where they membrane with apical half very faintly but occur. Second antennal segment of uniformly stained with brownish, veins and male as thick at middle as on the areoles darkened with brownish; closely re- apical half, and length of exserted lated to quercicola Knight, but the internal hairs equal to one and one-half times arm of left clasper more highly developed, the thickness of segment fig. 106. laricicola, 73 Known Distribution. — An uncommon p. Second antennal segment of female with species, known only from Alabama, Illinois, erect hairs but length of hairs barely New York, North Carolina, Texas. equal to twice the thickness of seg- Illinois Records.—Polo: May 31, 1933, ment where they occur. Second Ross & Townsend, 1 $ . Vienna: June 14, antennal segment of the male slender 1934, savanna grasses, DeLong & Ross, on basal half, distinctly thicker on 1$. apical half than at middle; length of hairs not greater than maximum ..^| Deraeocoris nitenatus Knight thickness of second segment ^1 pinicola, p. 73 Camptobrochis nitens Reuter (1909, p. 56). Preoccupied. 3. Pronotum, hemelytra and legs uni- Deraeocoris nitenatus Knight (1921, p. 141). formly dark, sepia brown or black, Adults.—Length 5.70-6.00, width 2.00- semitranslucent areas stained with 2.90. General aspect very similar to querci- brownish; hind tibiae usually with cola Knight, but more highly polished, calli distinct annulated pale bands on black around margins only. Dorsum rich apical half nigritulus, p. 73 brownish to dark brownish and piceous, fre- Pronotum usually fusco-grayish or quently brownish on scutellum, but rarely black; hemelytra fuscous to black, black each side of median line. Brachium becoming paler in certain areas but and apex of areoles dark fuscous, apical half not stained with brownish; legs very of membrane practically clear; male genital dark brown, hind tibiae sometimes claspers distinctive for species, fig. 106. with indistinct pale bands on apical Habits. Breeds — on elm (Ulmus sp.), half; front coxae, xyphus, lower mar- basswood {Tilia americana), and other gins of propleura, gula, and sides of trees, where it is predacious on the woolly tylus, pale albigulus, p. 73 .

~~September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 73~~

~~Deraeocoris pinicola Knight Group D~~

Deraeocoris pinicola Knight (1921, p. 162). Deraeocoris sayi (Renter) Adults.—Length 5.70-6.00, width 2.60- 2.90; calli margined or lined with black, Euarmosus sayi Reuter (1876, p. 76). antero-lateral angles invaded by light-col- Adults.—Length 7.40-7.90, width 3.40- ored areas; median line of front and areas 3.80; distinctly hairy. Color chiefly black, just anterior to calli pale to ivory white; with considerable variation in the color of general color pale to grayish, darkened with the head, pronotum and scutellum. In the black, not at all tinged with brownish. Male darkest form, var. unicolor Knight (1921, genitalia as in fig. 106. p. 177), these parts are mostly or entirely Habits. Occurs en white pine {Finus — black; in the lightest form, var. sayi, most strobus) predacious on Chermes pinicorticis ; of them are reddish. Various intermediate (Fitch). This species may also attack conditions occur between these extremes, aphids, such as Cinara strobi (Fitch) and these taken in Illinois representing var. Eitlachnus rileyi (Williams), which com- mirginata Knight (1921, p. 176), frontalis monly occur on white pines growing in Illi- Knight (1921. p. 177) and costalis Knight nois. (1921, p. 177). Male genitalia, fig. 106. Known Distribution. — Iowa, Minne- Habits.—Occurs on oaks {Quercus sp.). sota and states to the east where white pine Known Distribution.—Described from grows. Texas and since found in Florida, Georgia, Illinois Records.— Pines For- White Illinois, Iowa, Massachusetts, Michigan, est State 4, 1932, Park: July on Pinus Minnesota, Mississippi, New York, North strobus, Dozier Mohr, 1 4, 1933, & 9 ; June Carolina.

~~Firms strobus, 1 . on Ross & Townsend, ^ Illinois Records.—Northern Illinois:~~

~~2 c5 . Southern Illinois: 1$. Algon-~~

~~Deraeocoris ]aricicola Knight quin: May 27, 1899, \ 8-12, i ; June 1900, 2$; June 13, 1905, Nason, \$. Deraeocoris laricicola Knight (1921, p. 164).~~

~~Chicago: June 9, \ . Galesburg: Strom- Adults.—Length 6.00-6.50, width 2.70- i~~

~~berg, 1 , 1 ; June 12-14, \ , 1 2.80; very suggestive of pinicola Knight, but~~

~~17, 1892, 1 ; 14-19, 1893, Stromberg, slightly larger and more elongate. Antennae 9 June~~

~~19. Glen Ellyn : June 18-19, with prominent, exserted hairs; male geni- U, W.~~

~~Gerhard, 1 , fm, 2 , 1 9 . tal claspers distinctive, fig. 106. J. $~~

Illinois Records.—Antioch : July 5-7, on a pale 1932, T. H. Frison et al., 6 $ . Volo: June Dorsum of body fuscous to black 11, 1936, Ross & Burks, 2^,2$. background luridula, p. 73 Dorsum of body unitormiy fuscous brown brunneata, 74 Deraeocoris nigritulus Knight p.

Deraeocoris nigritulus Knight (1921, p. 170). Eurychilopterella luridula Reuter Not taken in Illinois. Breeds on Virginia pine (Finus virginiana) ; known from Dis- Eurychilopterella luridula Reuter (1909, p. trict of Columbia, Maryland, Ohio, Vir- 60j. Fig. 108. Length 4.50, width ginia. Male genitalia as in fig. 106. Male.— 1.80; fuscous to black on a pale background; pronotum coarsely punctured; dorsum Deraeocoris albigulus Knight clothed with stiff, erect pubescence. Deraeocoris albigulus Knight (1921, p. 171). Female.—Length 4.40, width 1.03; more Not yet collected in Illinois. Occurs on robust than male, but very similar in colora- pine; known from Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, tion. Minnesota, New York; will surely be found Habits.—Occurs on apple [Pyrus malus) in Illinois eventually. Male genitalia as in and elm (Ulmus sp.) ; evidently predacious fig. 106. in habits. .

~~74 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Fol. 22, Art. 1~~

~~Known Distribution.—District of Co- General color dark, fuscous brown; pro- lumbia, Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, New notum slightly darker; head, collar and legs~~

~~York, South Carolina, Virginia. more yellowish brown ; membrane and veins Illinois Records. — Illinois: July 9, uniformly brownish. Clothed with thickly~~

~~1892, 1 $ . Northern Illinois: 2 $ . Chi- set, erect, rather long, yellowish brown pubescence. Illinois Record.—Clay City: Aug. 17,~~

~~1911, C. A. Hart, 1 $ .~~

~~Hesperophylum Reuter~~

~~Hesperophylum heidemanni Reuter~~

~~Hesperophylum heidemanni Reuter (1912i^, p. 17).~~

~~This is a rare species, yet widely distributed as indicated by the few records. Orig- inally described from a New Hampshire~~

~~specimen, it was later taken at Washington, D. C. (Heidemann). H. G. Barber (1914,~~

~~p. 170) recorded it from Arizona. The~~

~~most recent record is a female specimen, taken June 26, 1931, in Ames, Iowa (H.~~

~~H. Knight) ; it was collected while sweeping under trees. This species has not been~~

~~found in Illinois, but doubtless it will be~~

~~eventually. The male is unknown. In previous books this genus has frequent-~~

~~Fig. 108.— Eiirychilopterella luridula, cf ly been considered in a separate family, the Termatophylidae.~~

~~1 CAGo: Aug. 10, 1909, A. B. Wolcott, $ , fm; Sept. 12, 1919, on elm, W. J. Gerhard, ORTHOTYLINAE~~

~~1 9 , FM. Urbana: July 7, 1915, tree trunk,~~

~~1 Sept. tree 1 . KEY TRIBES 9 ; 28, 1915, trunk, $ TO~~

1. Eyes pedunculate, head very broad, Eurychilopterella brunneata Knight fig. 19 LABOPINI, p. 81 Eurychilopterella brunneata Knight (1927^, Eyes not pedunculate, head not un- p. 141). usually broad, figs. 109, 113 2

This species is distinguished from luridula 2. Pronotum with pleural area separated Reuter by its uniformly fuscous-brown col- from dorsal part by a distinct suture, oration, longer head and larger size. fig. 22; pronotal disk raised posterior- Male.—Length 4.70, width 2.10. Head ly and projecting above scutellum; width 0.86, vertex 0.38, head length 0.71, ex- clothed with dense, bristly pubes- tending 0.44 beyond front of eyes; hori- scence SEMIINI, p. 75 zontal, flattened beneath; gula slightly sul- Pronotum without a distinct lateral cate ; lower margins of eyes extending slight- suture; pronotal disk not projecting ly below gula. Rostrum, length 3.20, reach- above scutellum 3 ing to base of genital segment. Antennae, 3. Antlike species with abdomen con- first segment, length 0.29, more slender on stricted at base, figs. 137-141 4 basal half; second, 1.26, cylindrical, equal Body not antlike in form, figs. 112, 113 5 to thickness of first segment; third, 0.44; 4. Second and third segments of antennae fourth, 0.36; last two segments slender. equal in thickness, fig. 137 Pronotum, length 1.18, width at base 1.77; SYSTELLONOTINI, p. 116 disk more distinctly flattened than in luridu- Second segment of antennae consider- la, coarsely and closely punctate; calli con- ably thicker than third, fig. 141 .... fluent, smooth, smaller than in luridula. PILOPHORINI, p. 118 —

~~September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 75~~

rosy red 5. Small, light-colored species clothed pronotum, and sides of thorax, ; with intermixed erect pubescence and basal half of pronotum, clavus, bar across scalelike hairs, and with vertex not apex of corium, and tip of cuneus, velvety

carinate, fig. 110. .HALTICINI, p. 75 brown, remaining parts of corium and cu- Not having that combination of char- neus white; body densely clothed with erect, acters: if scalelike hairs present, ver- bristly pubescence. tex carinate 6 Food Plants.—Spurges {Euphorbia ade- lives the 6. Small, compact, black species with noptera and E. humistrata) ; on saltatorial temora, figs. Ill, 112, 115 red undersides of the leaves; two Illinois HALTICINI, p. 75 specimens were taken on sugar beet {Beta

Not compact, black species with salta- vulgaris) , but may not have been feeding torial femora 7 there. Distribution. Described 7. Second and third segments of antennae Known — from Texas, and also from Califor- equal in thickness, fig. 135 now known nia, District of Columbia, Illinois, Indiana, CERATOCAPSINI, p. 107 Second segment of antennae consider- Iowa, Kansas, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania. ably thicker than third, fig. 129. .. , Illinois Records. Twenty-three males, ORTKOTYLINI, p. 81 — 65 females and 2 nymphs, taken July 3 to SEMIINI Oct. 13, are from Borton, Centralia, Chi- cago, Dongola, Dubois, Fountain Bluff, wSemium Reuter Galesburg, Green Valley, Jewett, Law- renceville, Monticello, Savanna, Urbana. Semium hirtum Reuter

~~Semium hirtum Reuter (1876, p. 80). HALTICINI Adults.—V\g. 109. Length 2.80, width 1.00; legs and antennae red; head, apex of KEY TO GENERA~~

1. Head without a well-defined, sharp, posterior margin, fig. 110; head and dorsum thickly clothed with closely appressed, scalelike hairs interspersed with more nearly erect, long hairs; small species, varying in color from pale to dull black Parthenicus, p. 76 Head with well-defined, sharp, posterior margin, fig. 113; color black 2

2. Antennae very long and slender, second segment four or more times as long as first segment, fig. Ill; brachypterous forms common and have oval body, strongly convex, fig. 112 Halticus, p. 77 Antennae shorter, second segment little more than three times as long as first segment, fig. 113 3

3. Length of hairs on third antennal segment three times as great as thickness of segment; antennae and head with long, coarse, black hairs Orthocephalus, p. 81 Antennae with much shorter pubescence, fig. 115; head and body in most species nearly glabrous

~~Fig. lOQ. Semium hirtum, 9. Strongylocoris, p. 78 .~~

~~76 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Fol. 22, Art. 1~~

Parthenicus Reuter intermixed with more closely appressed, scalelike, golden hairs, the hairs tending to KEY TO SPECIES silvery on scutellum and on transverse area extending across corium at tip of clavus; 1. Body color fuscous to black; first an- pubesence becoming black across apex of tennal segment black, second seg- corium and forming a spot on inner edge ment pale nigrellus, p. 77 of cuneus at middle and at base; membrane Body straw colored to yellowish; an- uniformly infuscated and iridescent. tennae pale 2 Female.—Very similar to male in form 2. Body and legs uniformly pale yellow- and color. ish or pinkish, without flecks or dots Food Plant.—Red cedar {Juniperus vir- taxodii, p. 76 giniana) Body more or less pale, hind femora Known Distribution.—Ranges widely pale fuscous, usually sprinkled with east of the 100th meridian, occurring nearly reddish dots; scutellum fuscous; everywhere red cedar grows in natural cuneus tinted with red stands. juniperi, p. 76 Illinois Records. — Twenty-one males and 108 females, taken June 10 to July 25, Parthenicus juniperi (Heidemann) are from Alton, Antioch, Eichorn, Ernst, Psai/us juniperi Heidemann (1905, p. 49). Galena, Golconda, Grayville, Hillsboro, Male.—Fig. 110. Length 3.00, width Kampsville, Karnak, Keithsburg, Oquawka, 1.00. General color pale yellowish. Cuneus, Starved Rock State Park, Urbana, White apical one-third of cerium and base of head Pines Forest State Park. tinged with reddish, color sometimes sepa-

~~rating into specks ; femora pale fuscous, Parthenicus taxodii new species~~

~~sprinkled with reddish; scutellum and base This may be distinguished from allied~~

of clavus darkened with fuscous. Body species by its small size, its uniformly yel- clothed fine, with erect, golden pubescence, lowish salmon color and its pale fuscous membrane. Male.—Length 2.00, width 0.90. Head width 0.54, vertex 0.17. Rostrum, length 0.73, extending very slightly behind posterior coxae. Antennae yellowish to dusky; length of first segment, 0.13; second, 0.73;

third, 0.43 ; fourth, 0.30. Pronotum, length 0.34, width at base 0.73. Dorsum clothed with deciduous, silvery to golden, sericeous pubescence intermixed with more nearly erect, simple, pale pubescence. General coloration rather uniformly yellowish to salmon; strongly colored specimens may have scutellum dusky and clavus tinted salmon pink; membrane uniformly pale fuscous; veins yellowish. Female.—Length 2.20, width 0.91. Head

width 0.47 ; vertex 0.26. Pronotum, length 0.32, width at base 0.75. Antennae, length of first segment, 0.13; second, 0.70; third, 0.40; fourth, 0.29. Form more robust than that of male, but very similar in pubescence and coloration. Food Plant.—Bald cypress {Taxodiuni distichum).

~~Holotype, male.—Karnak, 111.: July 26, 1930, on Taxodium distichum, Knight & Fig. 110.— Parthenicus juniperi, cf. Ross. September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 77~~

Allotype, female, —Same data as for only slightly exceeding width of pro- holotype. notum at posterior margin Paratypes. — Illinois. — Same data as apterus, p. 77 Body above with spots ot deciduous, for holotype, 39 <5 . 42 $ . Cairo: July 27, scalelike pubescence, figs. 110, 111; 1930, on Taxodium dislichuTti, Knight & length of second antennal segment Ross, 2$, 6$. JoNESBORo: Aug. 2, 1932, considerably greater than width of H. L. Dozier, \1 $ , 34 9 . Karnak : June pronotum at posterior margin 2 \ 1 23, 1932, Ross, Dozier & Park, $ , $ ; yellow, apex June 14, 1934, on Taxodium distichum, De- 2. Second antennal segment with a narrow tuscous area; length Long & Ross, 3 $ , 10 9 • Shawneetown: 3.50 intermedius, p. 77 June 14, 1934, DeLong & Ross, 1 nymph. antennal segment black, or, at Urbana: Aug. 28, 1917, 1^,39,1 nymph. Second least, with base and apex black;

~~length 2.00-2.20. . . bracteatus, p. 77 Parthenicus nigrellus Knight~~

~~Parthenicus nigrellus Knight (1939^, p. 23). Halticus apterus (Linnaeus)~~

This species is distinguished from the Cicada aplera Linnaeus (1758, p. 438). other members of the genus by its black Not taken in Illinois; known from Maine, color and pale second antennal segment. Nova Scotia, Ontario. Male.—Length 3.30, width 1.60. Head width 0.73, vertex 0.34. Rostrum, length 1.40, just attaining hind margins of posteri- Halticus intermedius Uhler or coxae. Antennae, first segment, length Halticus intermedins Uhler (1904, p. 360). 0.39; black; second, 1.18, pale, tinged with Not taken in Illinois; known from Colo- reddish, clothed with pale and dusky pubes- rado, Mississippi, New York, North Da- fourth, fuscous. cence ; third, 0.91, pale; 0.60, kota, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania; breeds Pronotum, length 0.60, width at base 1.25. on virgin's bower {Clematis virginiana). Form ovate, robust; general color fuscous black with a tinge of red in hypodermis Halticus bracteatus (Say) which is more pronounced on ventral surface, tips of femora, and base and apex of Garden Flea Hopper cuneus ; membrane uniformly fuscous; veins reddish. Legs black, tibiae pale except basal Cylapus bracteatus Say (1832, p. 26). 155). one-third; tarsi pale, apices fuscous. Clothed Rhinacloa citri Ashmead (1887, p. with pale to yellowish pubescence intermixed Male.—Fig. 111. Length 1.90-2.00, width slightly shining; with silvery, scalelike hairs. Genital claspers 0.70. General color black, segment distinctive, right clasper spatulate at apex antennae fuscous, middle of second first an- and curved so as to form a V-shaped loop and base of third pale; usually femora, which turns back over middle of genital tennal segment pale also. Apices of segment. tibiae (except bases of posterior pair), and clothed with very fine, Female.—Length 3.50, width 1.70. More all tarsi, pale. Body deciduous, tomentose robust than male, but very similar in form, pale pubescence, with greenish re- color and pubescence. patches that give silvery and Known Distribution. — Georgia, Illi- flections. (brachypter- nois, Iowa, Texas. Female.—Fig. 112. Length length (macropter- Illinois Records.—Monticello: June ous) 1.50, width 1.00; ous) 2.20; first antennal segment dark; usu- 11, 1934, Prison & DeLong, 1 <5 , 2 9 • Sey- ally brachypterous, but frequently winged mour: July 7, 1937, Mohr & Burks, 1^ 29. like male. Food Plants.—White clover {Trifolium beans {Phaseolus sp., etc.), plan- Halticus Hahn repens), tain {Plantago lanceolata) ; also recorded on

is con- KEY TO SPECIES many other plants. This a pest of siderable importance on leguminous crops. Common 1. Body devoid of scalelike pubescence; Known Distribution.— length of second antennal segment through states of Middle West and East. . .

~~Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1 78 Illinois Natural History Survey~~

~~Fig. 111.— Halliens bracteatus, d^ Fig. 112.— Halticus bracteatus, 9.~~

Illinois Records.—Forty-two males and with more area black than pale; 86 females, taken May 29 to Oct. 3, are second antennal segment sometimes from Aldridge, Alton, Alto Pass, Anna, yellowish at middle, but broad fus- Bluffs, Carmi, Dolson, Dubois, Fountain cous area always present at base. ... 4 Bluff, Freeport, Galena, Glen Ellyn, Gol- 4. Hind tibiae uniformly black; emboliar conda. Grand Tower, Grandview, Gray- margins of hemelytra strongly arcu- ville, Henry, Karnak, Muncie, Normal, ate atritibialis, p. 80 Paxton, Shawneetown, Starved Rock State Hind tibiae fuscous, becoming paler on Park, Tremont, Villa Ridge, Willow distal half; emboliar margins only

~~Springs, Wolf Lake, Urbana. moderately arcuate. . .stygicus, p. 79~~

5. Length of second antennal segment Strongylocoris Blanchard greater than width of head hirtus, p. 80 KEY TO SPECIES Length of second antennal segment less than width of head 6 1 Dorsum glabrous or nearly so, iig. 114. 2 6. Basal segments of tarsi pale, apical seg- Dorsum and body thickly clothed with ment black; tibiae brownish, hind erect pubescence, fig. 115 5 pair very dark brown; broad area on 2. Legs uniformly yellow to orange yellow second antennal segment pale; costal pallipes, p. 79 margin of hemelytra strongly arcu-

Legs with femora more or less black. . . 3 ate; length 4.30 mohri, p. 81 3. Hind tibiae yellow, sometimes dusky Tarsi entirely black; tibiae uniformly on basal half; second antennal seg- pale; antennae uniformly black; cos- ment yellow with narrow fuscous band tal margin of hemelytra only slightly

~~at base and apex. . . .breviatus, p. 79 arcuate; length 3.50 Hind tibiae black or fuscous, at least ambrosiae, p. 81 — . ;~~

~~September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 79~~

Strongylocoris stygicus (Say) ville, Dolson, Edgebrook, Elizabethtown, Galena, Galesburg, Golconda, Goreville, stygicus Say 24). CapSHS (1832, p. Grand Detour, Grandview, Hamilton, Her- Male.—Fig. 113. Length 4.20, width od, Joliet, Jonesboro, Keithsburg, Makanda, vertex 0.54. Ros- 2.00. Head width 0.99, Monticello, Mount Carmel, Muncie, Odin, reaching to middle of trum, length 1.04, Oquawka, Palos Park, Pulaski, Sheldon, black; length intermediate coxae. Antennae Springfield, Urbana, Vienna, Warsaw, second, 1.12; third, of first segment, 0.30; West Union, Willow Springs. 0.86; fourth, 0.47. Pronotum, length 0.91, width at base 1.50. Form ovate, black, Strongylocoris pallipes Knight shining, finely but densely punctate, somewhat rugulose, nearly glabrous, sparsely Strongvlocoris pallipes Knight (1926-^, p. 254). set with fine, short pubescence ; apices of femora, two anterior pairs of tibiae, all Not taken in Illinois; known from Mary- except apical segment of tarsi, and bases land and Virginia. Male genitalia as in of trochanters, pale yellowish; hind tibiae fig. 114. fuscous to black, becoming paler on distal half. Male genital claspers distinctive, fig. Strongylocoris breviatus Knight 114. Strongylocoris breviatus Knight (1938, p. 1.) Female.—Length 4.40, width 2.10. More This species is allied to stygicus (Say), ovate and robust than male, but very similar but is distinguished by the yellowish first in color, puncturation and scanty pubescence. and second antennal segments, the latter Food Pl.ant.—Goldenrod {Solidago sp.). Known Distribution. — Commonly having a distinct black band at the base male genital claspers are distinctive for this distributed in the eastern United States species, fig. 114. Male.—Length 4.30, width 2.00. Head width 1.06, vertex 0.56. Antennae, first segment, length 0.35, yellowish brown, black at base; second, 1.30, brownish on basal half and black at base; third, 0.95, black; fourth, 0.47, black. Pronotum, length 0.91, wndth at base 1.51. Hemelytra with costal margin moderately arcuate. Dorsum finely and closely rugulose punctate, sparsely clothed with short, pale pubescence, this pubescence more apparent on lateral margins of hemelytra, paracuneus with three or four long hairs. General coloration deep black, shining; femora black, apices yellowish; tibiae uniformly yellowish, except hind pair, which have apices and variable area at base fus-

cous ; tarsi yellowish, apical segment black. Female.—Length 4.10, width 2.20; hemelytra more sharply arcuate than in male. Head width 1.20, vertex 0.64. Antennae, first segment, length 0.36, yellow, base black ; second, 1.17, yellow, apical one-fourth and base black; third, black, Fig. 113. Strongyhcoris stygicus, cf. narrow ring at 0.86, yellowish at base; fourth, 0.44, black. and Canada and extending westward to Food Plant.—Goldenrod {Solidago al- Alberta, Colorado, Montana. (issima) Illinois Records.—One hundred forty- Known Distribution. — Nova Scotia five males, 36 females and 12 nymphs, taken and Maine to District of Columbia, and May 6 to Sept. 21, are from Anna, Bloom- westward to Alberta, Minnesota, Montana. ington, Bluff Springs, Carbondale, Cham- Illinois Records.—Nineteen males and paign, Charleston, Chicago, Cypress, Dan- 22 females, taken May 21 to Aug. 25, are Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. I 80 Illinois Natural History

Records. Thirty-five males and from Anna, Antioch, Beach, Browns, Bu- Illinois — females, taken May 12 to July 15, are reau, Champaign, Dolson, Golconda, Grand 44 Browns, Charles- Detour, Herod, Makanda, Marshall, Mount from Algonquin, Antioch,

~~Fig. 114.— Male genital claspers of Strongylocoris. A, left clasper; B, right clasper.~~

Carmel, Oakwood, Oregon, Pulaski, Shaw- ton, Dolson, Dongola, Fountain Bluff, neetown, Urbana, West Union. Galena, Galesburg, Grand Detour, Grays- lake, Havana, Herod, Joliet, Makanda, Muncie, Pulaski, St. Anne, Shawneetown, Strongylocoris atritibialis Knight Sheldon, Volo. Strongylocoris atritibialis Knight (1938, p. 2).

This species is distinguished from stygicus Strongylocoris hirtus Knight (Say) by its more arcuate hemelytra, black tibiae and the structure of the male genital Strongylocoris hirtus Knight (1938, p. 4). claspers, fig. 1 14. This is distinguished from allied species Male.—Length 4.60, width 2.40. Head with erect pubescence by the longer second width 1.21, vertex 0.65. Antennae black: antennal segment, which exceeds the width length of first segment, 0.34; second, 1.26; of the head across the eyes; the tibiae and third, 1.00; fourth, 0.43. Pronotum, length first antennal segment are pale and the male

1.12, width at base 1.77. Hemelytra with genital claspers are distinctive, fig. 114. costal margin strongly arcuate. Dorsal sur- Male.—Length 4.60, width 2.20. Head face nearly glabrous, rugulose, punctate, width 1.12, vertex 0.56. Antennae, first seg- sparsely clothed with fine, short pubescence, ment, length 0.38, pale, base fuscous; second, which is more evident on cuneus and embo- 1.43, black, basal one-fifth pale; third, 0.86, lium. General coloration deep black; mem- black; fourth, 0.47, black. Pronotum, length brane very dark brown; legs black; tibiae 0.98, width at base 0.16. Hemelytra with and tarsi sometimes very dark brown, but costal margin moderately arcuate on distal hind tibiae always black. Genital claspers half. Clothed with thickly set, erect, golden- distinctive for species, fig. 114. brown to black pubescence. General colora- Female.—Length 4.50, width 2.50; em- tion black, shining slightly; legs mostly boliar margins more strongly arcuate than black, with tibiae, all but apical segment in male. Form more robust than in male, of tarsi, and apices of femora, pale; tibial but very similar in coloration. spines fuscous. Known Distribution.—^Widely distrib- Female.—Length 4.30, width 2.40. More uted in eastern United States and ranging robust than male, but very similar in color westward into Alberta, Colorado, Wyoming. and pubescence. . .

~~September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 81~~

Food Plant.—Cup plant {Silphium per- to brownish pubescence. Legs mostly black, foliatum) with tips of femora slightly paler; tibiae Known Distribution.— Illinois, Iowa, pale to brownish, darker on basal half, hind Kansas. pair nearly black; tarsi pale, apical segment Illinois Records.—Charleston: June black.

~~14, 1931, H. H. Ross, 1 <5 . Hardin: June Holotype, female. — Hamilton, 111.: June~~

~~5, 1932, H. L. Dozier, 1 $ . West Union: 9, 1932, Ross & Mohr.~~

June 14, 1930, on Silphium sp., T. H. Prison, Paratype. —Central Illinois: 1 $. Dozier, , 1 26, 1932, Ross & 4i 9 ; June Named for Dr. Dr. Carl O. Mohr, who U, 19. made many of the illustrations for this work.

~~Strongylocoris mohri new species Strongylocoris ambrosiae Knight~~

~~This species is allied to hirtiis Knight, Strongylocoris amlrosiae Knight (1938, p. 5).~~

~~but is distinguished by its longer pubescence, Not yet collected in Illinois; known from more arcuate hemelytra, and shorter second Iowa, Kansas, South Dakota, Texas. Male~~

antennal segment, which does not equal the genital claspers as in fig. 114. width of the head across the eyes. Female. Fig. 115. Length 4.30, width — Orthocephalus Fieber 2.50. Rostrum, length 1.00, reaching to No Illinois species; Orthocephalus mutabilis (Fallen) occurs in Maine, New York, Pennsylvania.

~~LABOPINI~~

~~LabopS Burmeister~~

~~No Illinois species; Labops hirtus Knight~~

~~is known from Colorado, Maine, Massa- chusetts, Montana, New York, Ontario.~~

~~ORTHOTYLINI KEY TO GENERA~~

1 Posterior margin oF vertex with a high, transverse ridge extending from eye to eye and bearing stout, black bristles, fig. 116 Hadroneitia, p. 84 Posterior margin of vertex not having Fig. 115.— Strongylocoris mohri, 9. a ridge extending from eye to eye

black bristles. . . 2 middle of intermediate coxae, black, with which bears stout, second segment pale. Antennae, first seg- 2. A well-defined, oblique suture on ment, length 0.30, black, slightly pale on gena extending from antennal tossa apex; second, 0.99, cylindrical, tapering to to beneath eye, fig. 117, this suture become more slender on basal than on apical frequently outlined by a dark stripe; half, pale, apex black, base brownish, pu- red-orange and hhick species 84 bescence pale; third, 0.65, black, pale on Lopidea, p. extending di- base; fourth, 0.43, black. Pronotum, length Genal suture absent, or fossa to eye, 0.95, width at base 1.73. Hemelytra strong- rectly from antennal but vague and ly arcuate, costal edge sharp, slightly re- fig. 118, or pre^ent, a dark stripe 3 flexed, cuneus approximately triangular. not outlined by

General coloration black, moderately shin- 3. Base of tylus markedly produced and ing, clothed with long, rather fine, erect, pale located considerably ventrad of the 82 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22. Art. 1

level of ventral margins of eyes, fig. cence only; sometimes with a few 118 Ilnacora, p. 82 silky hairs 9 Base of tylus less angularly produced, 8. Pronotum and corium thickly clothed not located ventrad ot level of with black and white, scalelike pu- ventral margins of eyes, fig. 119; on bescence, with a few bristles; venter a line with or considerably dorsad very dark, almost black; third an-

~~of level of ventral margins of eyes. . 4 tennal segment equal to three times the length of fourth segment; large~~

~~fuscous species, length 5.50-6.00. .~~

~~Noctuocoris, p. 105 Pronotum and corium bearing numerous erect bristles intermixed with~~

~~scattered scalelike pubescence, fig. 152; venter light; third antennal segment not equal to three times the length of fourth segment; small species, length less than 5.00~~

~~Melanotrichus, p. 95~~

~~9. Vertex with a carina at posterior margin 10 Vertex without a carina at posterior margin 11~~

10. Head broad; width of vertex three times as great as dorsal width of an eye, fig. 130 Labopidea, p. 105 TYLUS TYLUS Head not so broad; width of vertex not more than two times as great as Fig. 116. Head of Hadronema ndlitare. — dorsal width of an eye, fig. 129. .. . Orthotylus, 97 Fig. 117. — Head of Lopidea confluenta. p. 11. Head vertical, strongly compressed Fig. 118. —Head of Ilnacora stalii. apically, fig. 119; as viewed from Fig. 119. Head of Mecomma gilvipes. — the side, tip of tylus projecting below posterior end for a distance 4. Second antennal segment thickened equal to one-half height of eye; pro- at apex, fig. 133 notum sinuate at base and slightly Heterocordylus, p. 107 so at sides; male and female dis- Second antennal segment linear, similar in form; female brachypter- fig. 125 5 ous, abdomen very broad, macrop- 5. First antennal segment with a longi- terous forms rare tudinal black line on either side, Mecomma, p. 95 these lines connected on ventral Head inclined, more prognathous; as side near apex Reuteria, p. 92 viewed from side, tip of tylus not First antennal segment not marked projecting below posterior end of with longitudinal black lines 6 gula for a space equal to half the 6. Eyes rounded behind and set at or height of eye; both sexes macrop- near middle of head, well removed terous Cyrtorhinus, p. 95 from anterior margin of pronotum, fig- 123. Diaphnidia, p. 91 Ilnacora Reuter Eyes relatively straight behind and set close to anterior margin of pro- KEY TO SPECIES notum, fig. 129 7 7. Body clothed with scalelike hairs 1. Length of first antennal segment ex- intermixed with more nearly erect ceeding width of vertex 2 bristles 8 Length of first antennal segment less Body clothed with simple pubes- than width of vertex 3 — ;

~~September, 1941 KxiGHx: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 83~~

2. Hemelvtra deep green, membrane Sheldon, Springfield, Urbana, Vienna, War- black malina, p. ii3 saw, White Heath, Willow Springs. Hemelytra pale or light green, membrane pale stalii, p. 84 Ilnacora illini new species 3. Frons with transverse black mark; This species is allied to stalii Reuter, but first antenna] segment mostly pale, is distinguished by its shorter antennal seg- with base and apex black ments and the expanded apex of the right divisa, p. 83 genital clasper, fig. 120. Frons without transverse black marK.; Male.—Length 4.80. width 1.50. Head first antennal segment mostly black, w^idth 0.91, vertex 0.51. Rostrum, length broad area at base and narrow one 1.30, reaching to middle of intermediate at apex pale illini, p. 83 coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 0.48. less than width of vertex, black with Ilnacora malina (Uhler) broad area at base and narrow^ area at Sthenarops malina Uhler (1877, p. 419). apex pale; second, 1.80, yellowish brown to Adults. Length 5.40, width 1.60. Head, — fuscous, darker near base; third, 1.60, yel- body and antennae chiefly black; hemelytra lowish to fuscous; fourth, 0.73, fuscous. and base of pronotum bright green; anterior Pronotum, length 0.78, width at base 1.23. Dorsum clothed with erect, pale hairs sparsely intermixed with patches of black, deciduous, scalelike hairs; pronotal spots and median basal spot on scutellum similar to those in stalii. General coloration pale, tinged with greenish on dorsum ; hemelytra

semitranslucent ; membrane pale; a small transverse, fuscous cloud near apex of cuneus; veins greenish; legs principally pale to greenish, with tibial spines brownish; apical segment and claws of each tarsus black. Male genital claspers distinctive,

~~right clasper with apex spatulate, fig. 120.~~

Fig. 120.— Right male genital claspcrs of Holotype, male, — Elizabethtown, 111., Ilnacora. May 27-31, 1932. H. L. Dozier. Paratypes. Illinois.—Vienna: May part of pronotum, two stripes on scutellum, 18, 1932, H. L. Dozier, , kc. and legs, greenish yellow; a round, black U Oklahoma. — Stillwater: May 15, spot behind each callosity; membrane black; 1939. K. C. Emerson. 1 1 <^ , 9 , kc. male right genital clasper, fig. 120. Food Plant.—Goldenrod {Solidago sp.) Ilnacora divisa Reuter in moist, shaded situations; Illinois specimens were collected also on ragweed {Am- Ilnacora divisa Reuter (1876, p. 86). brosia sp.), oak (Quercus sp.) and locust Male.—Length 4.70, width 1.60. Head

{Robinia pseudoacacia) , the last two un- bla:k. width 1.00, vertex 0.56; vertex and doubtedly "sitting" records only. frons pale, a black median line and arcuate Known Distribution.—Widely distrib- line above base of each antenna joining at uted in the eastern United States and base of frons on meson. Rostrum, length Canada. 1.17. reaching to middle of intermediate Illinois Records.—One hundred twelve coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 0.37, males and 106 females, taken May 27 to pale, black at base and fuscous at apex July 19, are from Algonquin, Bureau, second, 1.38, dusky, fuscous at base and Charleston, Danville, Dug Hill, Elizabeth, near apex; third, 1.21, fuscous; fourth, 0.65. Elizabethtown, Freeport, Galena, Gales- Pronotum. length 0.75. width at base 1.30. burg, Grand Detour, Hardin, Herod, Joliet, Body mostly black; pronotum and hemely- Lilly, Morris, IVIonticello, Mount Carmel, tra, greenish, scutellum paler green; mem- New xMilford, Oakwood, Oquawka, Ore- brane uniformly fuscous, with greenish gon, Palos Park, Pegrim, River Forest, veins; legs mostly pale, with tarsi and tibial 84 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1

spines black. Dorsum clothed with erect, are from Algonquin, Alton, Alto Pass, An- simple pubescence intermixed on hemelytra tioch, Beardstown, Browns, Cairo, Camar- with patches of deciduous, black, scalelike go, Carbondale, Champaign, Charleston, hairs; spot behind each callosity, median line Chicago, Cornland, Decatur, De Soto, East between callosities, and spot on base of scu- St. Louis, Effingham, Elizabeth, Elizabeth- tellum formed by masses of black, scalelike town, Fountain Bluff, Freeport, Galena, pubescence. Male genital claspers distinc- Galesburg, Hardin, Harrisburg, Ingleside, tive for species, fig. 120. Kampsville, Kankakee, Karnak, Keithsburg, Female.—Length 4.70, width 1.80. Form Lawrenceville, Meredosia, Metropolis, slightly more robust than that of male, but Monticello, Mounds, Mount Carmel, color and pubescence very similar. Oquawka, Pales Park, Rockford, Rockton, Food Plant.—A single Illinois specimen Rosiclare, St. Joseph, Seymour, Shawnee- was collected on milkweed {Asclepias sp.). town. Starved Rock State Park, Teheran, Known Distribution.—Colorado, Illi- Urbana, Ware, Warren, West Pullman, nois, Iowa, Minnesota, North Dakota, Willow Springs, York. Texas. Illinois Records.—One male and 17 fe- Hadronema Uhler males, taken March 8 to Aug. 17, are from Bloomington, Champaign, Dubois, Galena, No Illinois species; Hadronema militare Galesburg, Teheran, Urbana. Uhler is known from Colorado, Kansas, Michigan, New York, South Dakota and Ilnacora stalii Reuter westward.

Ilnacora stalii Reuter (1876, p. 86). Male.—Length 5.20, width 1.60. Head Lopidea Uhler width 0.95, vertex 0.49. Rostrum, length 1.30, just attaining apices of middle coxae, KEY TO SPECIES pale, with apical segment black. Antennae, 1. of with a pair of first segment, length 0.54, exceeding width Apex abdomen all characters in of vertex, pale, apical half and ring at base claspers (males); couplets 2-14 are illustrated in fig. black; second, 1.95, dusky, more fuscous on 121 2 apex; third, 1.60, black; fourth, 0.65, black. Apex of abdomen without claspers Pronotum, length 0.82, width at base 1.34. (female?) 15 General coloration pale or whitish; hem- 2. Left clasper with a plainly visible, elytra and legs tinged with greenish ; mem-

brane pale; veins greenish. Dorsum clothed baso-mesal, flat-hooked tooth. . . . with erect, pale hairs sparsely intermixed staphyleae, p. 90 with patches of black, deciduous scalelike Left clasper without such a tooth. ... 3 hairs; a round, black spot behind each cal- 3. Tip of right clasper short, large and losity and a median basal spot on scutellum somewhat rounded, with a short, formed by black, deciduous hairs. Male serrate, dorsal tooth just before genital claspers distinctive, right clasper apex media, p. 89 terminating in a slender, dorsally projecting Tip of right clasper without such a dor-

~~point, fig. 120. sal tooth at apex 4~~

Female.—Length 5.40, width 1.80. More 4. Base of right clasper produced into a robust than male, but very similar in pubes- long, dorsal, curved arm cence and color. robiniae, p. 89 Food Plants. — Breeds on cocklebur Base of right clasper without a long, {Xanthium sp.), sunflower {Helianthus basal, dorsal projection 5 sp.), artichoke (//. tuberosus) and perhaps 5. Right clasper ending in a curved tooth on other weeds. A single specimen was col- which is either long, e.g., instabilis lected on wild grape {Vitis sp.). or blunt, e.g., lathvri 6 Known Distribution.—Colorado, Mon- Right clasper ending in a serrate lobe, tana, Texas, eastward to District of Colum- e.g., amorphae-sail CIS 8 bia, New York, North Carolina. 6. Right clasper with a preapical hook Illinois Records. — Ninety-eight males which may be reduced to a small and 146 females, taken May 23 to Sept. 22, swelling instabilis, p. 91 September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 85

Fig. 121.— Male genital claspers of Lopidea. A, left clasper, dorsal aspect; B, right clasper, dorsal aspect; C, right clasper, caudal aspect; D, left clasper, caudal aspect; £, right clasper, mesal aspect; F, right clasper, lateral aspect. 86 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1

~~Right clasper with a preapical en- segment tapering apically to be- largement which is somewhat rec- come more slender than first seg- tanguhir and produced into an ment 17~~

~~apical point, e.g., incurva, lathyri . . 7 Base of second antennal segment not thick as first 7. Apical hook of right clasper long and so base of 18~~

~~sharp, fig. 1 21 incurva, p. 88 17. Length of second antennal segment Apical hook of right clasper shorter approximately twice width of head and with tip slightly serrate across eyes; length 5.80~~

~~lathyri, p. 91 instabilis, p. 91~~

~~8. Right clasper with base bulbous, cen- Length of second antennal segment ter constricted and apex expanded distinctly greater than twice width~~

~~into an upturned, serrate lobe, e.g., of head across eyes; length 6.70. . . . amorphae, reuteri 9 reuteri, p. 91~~

Right clasper otherwise, without an 18. Corium bearing both simple and seri- upturned, apical lobe, e.g., minor- ceous pubescence; pronotal disk salicis 10 with erect, stifle, black hairs; general 9. Serrate margin of apical lobe more color yellowish to orange; scutellum irregular and truncate and inner half of corium and clavus amorphae, p. 90 blackish; length 6.40

Serrate margin of apical lobe regular, robiniae, p. 89 curving back on to inner curve of Corium with only simple pubescence; lobe reuteri, p. 91 or, if a few minute, sericeous hairs 10. Apex of right clasper obliquely trun- present, pronotal disk without cate, flat and serrate, e.g., minor. .11 erect hairs 19

Apex of right clasper pointed or ir- 19. Length of second antennal segment regular, with a second row of serra- more than twice width of head tions on dorsal or mesal side, e.g., across eyes; length 7.00 cuneatasalicis 13 staphyleae, p. 90

11. Left clasper with dorsal tooth small. . Length of second antennal segment minor, p. 88 less than twice width of head across Left clasper with dorsal tooth large, eyes 20 e.g., davisi 12 20. Scutellum with a few black, bristle- 12. Right clasper with both dorsal and like hairs; juga red; dorsum also ventral corners expanded and sharp with a broad, reddish area; length

davisi, p. 87 5.20-5.40 media, p. 89 Right clasper with ventral corner Scutellum with minute, soft pubes- round and not expanded cence only; juga pale 21 confluenta, p. 87 21. Second antennal segment clothed 13. Right clasper with apex rounded and with very short, recumbent, golden

curved ventrad cuneata, p. 89 pubescence cuneata, p. 89 Right clasper with apex horizontal Second antennal segment clothed with and pointed, e.g., salicis 14 prominent, semierect, black, bristle- 14. Apex of right clasper with a double like hairs salicis, p. 89 row of dorsal serrations 22. Second antennal segment thickened, heidemanni, p. 88 diameter near base equal to that of Apex of right clasper with second row first segment although tapering of dorsal serrations separated mesad apically to become more slender. . as a definite lobe salicis, p. 89 reuteri, p. 91 15. Length of first antennal segment Second antennal segment slender, its equal to or greater than width of greatest thickness not approaching vertex between eyes 16 that of first segment 23 Length of first antennal segment less 23. Length of second antennal segment than width of vertex between eyes. 22 equal to twice width of head across 16. Bases of first and second antennal seg- eyes; length 6.50 ments equal in thickness, second confluenta, p. 87 September 1941 J Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 87

Length of persimmon second antennal segment {Diospyros virginiana) , willow less than twice width of head across {Salix sp.), snowberry {Symphoricarpos or- eyes biculatus) 24 , locust {Robinia pseudoacacia) 24. Corium with outer half bearing suberect, black hairs 25 Corium with outer half bearing pale hairs; or, if dark, pubescence minute and closely appressed 26

~~25. Corium bearing simple pubescence intermixed with more closely appressed, sericeous pubescence~~

~~heidemanni, p. 88 Corium bearing only suberect, bristly~~

~~pubescence davisi, p. 87 26. Length not over 5.20 27 Length 5.60 or more 28~~

~~27. Corium infuscated across its full width; pubescence very short, appressed; length 5.00-5.20~~

~~incurva, p. 88 Corium reddish on its outer half; pubescence suberect, pale in color; length 4.20-4.30 minor, p. 88 28. Outer half of corium fuscous to black~~

~~cuneata, p. 89~~

Outer half of corium orange to red. . .29 29. Pubescence on dorsum minute, closely appressed; embolium never pale, yellowish to red like outer half of Fig. 122.— Lopidea confluenta, 9. corium amorphae, p. 90 Pubescence on dorsum suberect; em- and cypress {Taxodium distichum) . Several bolium usually pale or white of these plants undoubtedly are not hosts lathyri, p. 91 of this mirid. Known Distribution.—Widely distrib- Lopidea confluenta (Say) uted in the eastern United States, but more abundant in the upper Mississippi valley. Capjus confliientus Say (1832, p. 23; 1859, Illinois p. 341). Records. — Ninety-four males and 97 females, taken 10 Male.—Length 6.30, width 2.10. Yel- June to Aug. 21, are from lowish orange, tinged with reddish; broad Anna, Beardstown, Bloomington, Dolson, Dubois, Elizabethtown, area on either side of commissure, entire Ernst, Galesburg, Golconda, Grafton, membrane, scutellum, and variable area on Grand Tower, Grantsburg, Grayville, Havana, pronotal disk, fuscous; antennae, tylus, ros- Herod, Kansas, Lawrenceville, Monticello, trum, base of head, and a stripe each side Muncie, Palos Park, Pike, Pulaski, of front, black; legs mostly blackish, with Shaw- neetown. Starved Rock State Park, trochanters and apices of coxae yellowish; Urbana, Walnut Prairie, White Heath, Willow genital claspers, fig. 121, distinctive for species. Springs.

Female.—Fig. 122. Length 6.50, width 2.40; more robust than male, but very sim- Lopidea davisi Knight ilar in coloration. Phlox Plant Bug Food Plants.—Leafcup {Polymnia uvedalia and probably P. canadensis) ; in Illi- Lopidea davisi Knight (1917^, p. 458.) nois specimens were collected also on sweet Male.—Length 5.50, width 2.00. Yel- William {Phlox sp.), daisy {Chrysanthe- lowish orange to reddish; antennae, legs, mum sp.), red clover {Trifolium pratense), front of head, and rostrum, black; calli, base .

88 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1 of pronotum, scutellum, clavus, inner half Lopidea incurva Knight of corium, and membrane, fuscous; genital Lopidea incurva Knight (1918^, p. 214). claspers, fig. 121, distinctive for species. Male.—Length 5.00, width 1 60. Second f^EMALE. Length 5.60, width 2.10; more — antennal segment slightly thickened at mid- robust than male, but very similar in color dle and tapering toward base and apex. and pubescence. Dorsum fuscous, with only exterior margins Food Plants.—When the original de- of corium, pronotum and cuneus reddish; scription appeared the food plant of this membrane, antennae, eyes, rostrum and species was unknown, but as early as 1925 most of face fuscous. Legs mostly pale fus- the insect had appeared as a serious pest of cous; coxae and basal half of femora pale cultivated phlox in Arkansas, Missouri, to yellowish and pink; tarsi fuscous to black. Minnesota and West Virginia. This insect Clothed with minute, closely appressed, fus- breeds on the wild species of phlox and may cous pubescence. Genital claspers as in fig. fly to the cultivated varieties within reach. 121. The bug overwinters as an egg in the dead Female.—Length 5.00-5.20, width 1.80, stems of phlox; it hatches in the spring and slightly more robust than male, but very crawls upon the new growth to suck nourish- similar in color and pubescence. ment from the leaves. The feeding punc- Host Plant.—Honey locust {Gleditsia tures cause brown spots to develop; the triacanthos). leaves curl, dry out and finally drop. Con- Known Distribution. — Illinois, Indi- trol of this pest may be obtained by destroy- ana, Iowa, Missouri, Nebraska, Ohio. ing all dead plant tops before spring, when Illinois Records.—Ten males and 35 fe- the eggs would hatch. Toward the end of males, taken July 3 to July 30, are from the season, this species is often found on a Alton, Champaign, Darwin, Dubois, Foun- wide range of herbs, but it does not breed tain Bluf¥, Galesburg, Grafton, Kansas, on them. Monticello, Muncie, Paxton, Urbana. Illinois Records.—One hundred thirty- seven males and 117 females, taken June 3 to Sept. 30, are from Ashland, Beach, Lopidea heidemanni Knight

Champaign, Charleston, Cobden, Dolson, Lopidea heidemanni Knight (1917^, p. 456). Eichorn, Eldorado, Equality, Galena, Male.—Length 6.70, width 2.14. Dark Grandview, Herod, Jacksonville, Jersey- red, \vith more fuscous on pronotum and ville, Norris City, Oak Lawn, Oakwood, scutellum than in media (Say) ; larger and Quincy, St. Anne, Schuyler County, Tolono, more elongate than media. Hemelytra of Urbana, Waterman, Watseka, Waukegan. dry specimens always having a strong tend- ency to shrivel and wrinkle longitudinally. Lopidea minor Knight Dorsum clothed with simple, black hairs

Lopidea minor Knight (1918^, p. 213). sparsely intermixed with more closely ap- Male.—Length 4.50, width 1.60. Fus- pressed, silvery, sericeous pubescence. Geni- cous; exterior half of corium, cuneus, sides tal claspers distinctive, fig. 121, right clasper of body and head, reddish; embolium paler; showing a close relationship with cuneata clothed with fine, suberect, pale pubescence, Van Duzee and salicis Knight. a few hairs brownish on darker areas. Gen- Female.—Length 6.20, width 2.08 ; slight- ital claspers distinctive for species, fig. 121 ly more robust than male, otherwise very ; showing a close relationship to davisi Knight, similar. Costal margins of hemelytra fre- which species is, however, much larger. quently pale, as in media; in certain color Female.—Length 4.20, width 1.60. More phases, becoming dull orange red with fus- robust than male, but very similar in color cous. Head width 1.08, vertex 0.65. An- and pubescence. tennae, length of first segment, 0.56; second, Host Plant.—Prairie clover {Petaloste- 1.90. mum purpureum) Food Plants. sp.) — Elm (Ulmus ; Known Distribution.—Alberta, Colo- nymphs have been reared from common rado, Illinois, Iowa, Mississippi, New York, yarrow {Achillea millefolium). Occasional North Dakota. specimens were collected in Illinois on honey Illinois Record.—Oak Lawn: Sept. 6, locust {Gleditsia triacanthos), willow 1935, T. H. Frison, 3 ^ , 1 $ . {Salix sp.), snowberry {Symphoricarpos .

~~September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or IVIiridae, of Illinois 89~~

orbiculatus) and bedstraw {Galium apa- with closely appressed, silvery, sericeous pu- rine) bescence intermixed with simple, erect hairs; Known Distribution.—Iowa and Min- setae on pronotal disk stiff and prominent; nesota to Connecticut and southward to dark-colored areas provided with dark pu- North Carolina. bescence. Structures of male genital claspers Illinois Records.—Eighty-two males and distinctive for species, fig. 121. 121 females, taken May 6 to July 3, are Female.—Length 6.40, width 2.10; slight- from Aldridge, Carlinville, Charleston, Dol- ly more robust than male, but very similar son, Dongola, Dubois, Elizabethtown, Foun- in pubescence and coloration. tain Bluff, Galesburg, Golconda, Goreville, Food Plant. — Black locust {Robinia Grayslake, Hardin, Harvard, Herod, Ho- pseudoacacia). Also, two Illinois specimens mer, Jacksonville, Jonesboro, Kampsville, were collected on peach {Prunus persica). Keithsburg, Makanda, Muncie, Murphys- Known Distribution.—Commonly dis- boro, Oakwood, Ozark, Palos Park, Pulaski, tributed in the eastern United States nearly Rock Island, St. Joseph, Seymour, Shawnee- everywhere the black locust grows. town, Urbana, Vienna, West Union, Zeig- Illinois Records.—Eighty-four males and ler. 105 females, taken June 10 to Aug. 30, are from Algonquin, Alton, Anna, Antioch, Lopidea cuneata Van Duzee Bishop, Bluff Springs, Bridgewater, Browns, Carbondale, Effingham, Elizabethtown, Ga- Lopidea cur.eata Van Duzee (1910, p. 79). lena, Galesburg, Havana, McClure, Monti- Male.—Length 5.80, width 2.00. Dor- cello, Mound City, Normal, Rosiclare, sum dark fuscous on a background of orange Shawneetown, Springfield, Stonefort, Union red; cuneus, embolium and base of radial Grove, Villa Ridge, West Union. vein more strongly reddish; pronotum dark fuscous, lateral margin of disk pale to red- Lopidea salicis Knight dish; antennae, head and legs chiefly black; mark along front margin of eyes, juga, Lopidea salicis Knight (1917c/, p. 457). genae, trochanters, and apices of coxae, pale; Male.—Length 5.70, width 2.00. Mostly propleura, except area surrounding coxal black; propleura and basal angles of pro- cleft, pale reddish; venter reddish, darkened notal disk orange; embolium and cuneus, with fuscous; genital segment blackish; geni- except inner apical margin, yellowish to tal claspers, rig. 121, distinctive for species. orange. Genital claspers, tig. 121, distinc- Female.—Length 6.00, width 2.10; simi- tive for species. lar to male, but reddish coloration replaced Female.—Length 6.20, width 2.10. Very chiefly by pale, frequently inner margin and similar to male in size and coloration, some- apical angles of corium becoming pale. times slightly more robust. Food Plants.—Poplars {Populus del- Food Plant.— Black willow {Salix nig- toid es, P. balsamifera). ra); a single specimen was taken in Illinois

~~Known Distribution.—New York, Illi- on elm (Ulmus), but it probably had not nois, Minnesota. fed there.~~

~~Illinois Records.—Galesburg: Sept. 2, Known Distribution. — Illinois, Iowa,~~

~~1892, Stromberg, 1 9. Harvard: July 17, Kansas, Minnesota, New York.~~

~~1936, C. O. Mohr, 1 $. Pike: June 28, Illinois Records.—Illinois: Stromberg,~~

~~1934, DeLong & Ross, 1 9 . 39. Elizabethtown: May 27-31, 1932,~~

~~H. L. Dozier, 1 $ . Galena: June 30, 1932,~~

~~Lopidea robiniae (Uhler) on elm, Dozier & Mohr, 1 9 . Oquawka:~~

June 13, 1932, H. L. Dozier, 1 9 • Capsus robiniae Uhler (1861, p. 24). Male.—Length 6.30, width 2.10. Gen- (Say) eral color usually orange yellow, rarely red- Lopidea media dish; scutellum, apical area of clavus, inner Capsus rnedius Sav (1832, p. 22; 1859, half of corium, broad central area on pro- p. 341j. notal disk, inner halves of calli, and mem- Male.—Length 5.60, width 1.70. Orange brane, fuscous to black; antennae, tylus, red to bright red, scutellum and rather rostrum, tibiae, and tarsi, black; femora broad area either side of commissure more fuscous, coxae partly yellowish. Clothed or less darkened with fuscous, reddish color .

90 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1 always showing through this infuscation; of vertex. Head width 1.29, vertex 0.78. legs fusco-brownish to blackish; femora Antennae, length of first segment, 0.81 ; sec- exhibiting one or two rows of darker spots ond, 2.64. both above and below. Clothed with short, Specimens in which the orange yellow red constitute var. sangu'tnea pale pubescence ; a few stiff, black hairs on areas become scutellum. Genital claspers very distinctive Knight (1917^, p. 461), taken in Illinois for species, fig. 121. chiefly in northern localities. Female.—Length 5.70, width 1.80; usu- Food Plant. — American bladder nut ally colored very similarly to male, but {Staphylea trifolia) ; a single Illinois speci- sometimes with embolium and outer edge of men was collected on willow {Salix sp.), cuneus pale or white as in heidemanni but that tree was probably not its host. Knight. Known Distribution.—Connecticut, Food Plants.—Goldenrod {Solidago ru- Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Maryland, Massa- ffosa) and several other plants. Illinois chusetts, Minnesota, New York, Oklahoma, specimens were collected on spiderwort South Carolina, Virginia. {Tradescantia sp.), hazelnut {Corylus sp.), Illinois Records.—Thirty-two males and willow {Salix sp.), ash {Fraxinus sp.) and 47 females, taken June 2 to Aug. 22, are red birch {Betula nigra). from Apple River Canyon State Park, Known Distribution.—A common and Bloomington, Decatur, Dolson, Glendon widely distributed species east of the Rocky Park, Grafton, Grand Tower, Hardin, Mountains. Havana, Homer Park, Kampsville, Karnak, Illinois Records. — One hundred four Monticello, Parker, Seymour, Urbana, Wil- males and 104 females, taken May 25 to low Springs. July 24, are from Champaign, Dixon Springs, Galena, Geff, Golconda, Grand De- Lopidea amorphae Knight tour, Grand Tower, Hardin, Harrisburg, Lopidea amorphae Knight (1923c, p. 65). Havana, Homer Park, Kankakee, Keiths- Male.—Length 5.90, width 2.00. Head burg, Lilly, Muncie, Oakwood, Oquawka, width 1.10, vertex 0.34. Antennae, length Oregon, Palos Park, Princeton, Pulaski, of first segment, 0.60; second, 2.09, thickness Shawneetown, Starved Rock State Park, tapering to become more slender on Urbana. 0.11, apical half; third, length 1.20; fourth, length 0.40. Pronotum, width at base 1.84. Hem- Lopidea staphyleae Knight elytra with red areas bearing fine, yellowish Lopidea staphyleae Knight (1917^, p. 460). pubescence, while in reuteri Knight these Male.—Length 6.50, width 2.05. An- areas bear black pubescence. Smaller than tennae, first segment, length 0.71, thickness reuteri and more yellowish in color, majority 0.15; second, 2.48, thickness 0.10, tapering of specimens more yellowish than red. Geni- to become slightly smaller on apical half; tal claspers, fig. 121, indicate a close rela- third, 1.82, slender and almost linear; fourth, tionship with reuteri, but in the large series 0.52. General color mostly orange yellow, examined distal portion of right clasper with calli, narrow area at base of pronotum, shows constant differences. scutellum, apical two-thirds of clavus, inner Female.—Length 6.30, width 2.30; very half of corium, and membrane, fuscous; similar to male in form, pubescence and antennae, tylus, two bars on front, base of coloration. head, rostrum, and legs, black; fuscous Food Plant.—False indigo {Amorpha shading on dorsum much paler than in fruticosa) ; a single specimen was also taken robiniae (Uhler) genital ; claspers, fig. 121, in Illinois on red clover (Trifolium pra- distinctive for species. tense) Female.— Length 6.80, width 2.20. Simi- Known Distribution. — Illinois, Iowa, lar to male in structure and coloration, but Kansas, Minnesota, Nebraska, South Da- usually slightly larger; sometimes very simi- kota, but may be expected from other states lar in size and coloration to female of con- where the host plant grows in abundance. fluenta (Say), but length of first antennal Illinois Records.—Anna: July 17, 1883, segment in confluenta is shorter than width 1 9- Beardstown: June 10, 1932, Ross & of vertex, while in staphyleae its length is Mohr, 1 $ . Grand Tower: June 27, 1906, as great as, or slightly greater than, width 3 9 ; June 30, 1909, sweeping from grass,

~~1 I . .~~

~~September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 91~~

similar to female of caesar, which 1 1, 1913, 1 9 • Oquawka: also very \ i , 9 ; June species rarely has calli darkened and usually June 13, 1932, H. L. Dozier, 1 9 • Savan- Head na: July 21, 1892, from sweet clover, Mc- has less fuscous shading on scutellum. width 1.17, vertex 0.71. Antennae, length Elfresh, 1 9 • of first segment 0.74, thickness 0.17; second, Lopidea lathyri Knight. Emended name. length 2.62, greatest thickness 0.17. Food Plant.—Witchhazel {Hamamelis lathyrae Knight (1923f, p. 66). Lopidea virginiana). Length 5.90, width 1.90. Head Male.— Known Distribution.—Illinois, Massa- 0.65. Antennae, length of width 1.11, vertex chusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, second, 2.00, cylindrical. iirst segment, 0.65; Pennsylvania, Virginia. West Virginia. width at base 1.71. Size, form Pronotum, Illinois Records.—Grand Tower: June and color very suggestive of confluenta 27, 1906, 1 9 . pro- (Say) ; mostly deep red; legs, antennae, notal disk (except lateral and anterior mar- Lopidea instabilis (Reuter) gins), scutellum, broad stripe on either side of commissure, and membrane, black; Lomatopleura instabilis Reuter (1909, p. 72). clothed with fine, yellowish pubescence on Male.—Length 5.40, width 2.02. Anten- red areas, but pubescence black over dark nae black, two basal segments clothed with surface, with a few sericeous, yellowish moderately short, black hairs; first segment, hairs about margins of calli. Genital clasp- length 0.58, thickness 0.08; second, 1.80, ers, fig. 121, distinctive for species. thickness 0.07 at middle, tapering to become Female.—Length 6.20, width 2.20; very smaller at either end; third, length 1.19, similar to male, but with embolium and slender; fourth, length 0.52. General color outer half of cuneus pale. bright red, apical half of clavus and inner Food Plant.—Vetchling (Lathyrus ve- half of corium darkened with fuscous; mem- nosus). In Minnesota I found this species brane uniformly blackish; tibiae blackish, so abundant that its host plants were largely becoming reddish at base; genital claspers

killed. This mirid may be regarded as a po- distinctive, fig. 121. tenial pest of cultivated vetches. Female.—Length 6.00, width 2.40; simi- Known Distribution.— Illinois, Mani- lar to male in coloration, pubescence and in toba, Minnesota, North Dakota, Oklahoma, structure of antennae. Head width, 1.10, Saskatchewan. vertex 0.65. Antennae, first segment, length Illinois Records.—Palos Park: July 10, 0.66, thickness 0.17; second, length 2.12,

~~1912, A. B. Wolcott, 3 (5 , 3 9 , fm; July 2, greatest thickness 0.17.~~

~~1916, Gerhard, 1 , 1918, plant {Amorpha ca- W. J. $ fm ; July 4, P'oOD Plant.—Lead~~

W. J. Gerhard, 1 9 , fm. nescens) Known Distribution.—Missouri, Ne- Lopidea reuteri Knight braska, North Dakota, South Dakota, eastward to Connecticut, southward to Missis- Lopidea reuteri Knight (1917^, p. 459). sippi, Alabama. Length 7.10, width 2.54. Gen- Male.— Illinois Records.—Northern Illinois: eral color a vivid carmine red, with fuscous \ $ . La Rue: July 11, 1935, DeLong & on calli, scutellum and areas bordering com- Ross, 4 9 . Savanna: July 24. 1892, along missure. Very similar to caesar (Reuter), bluf?, C. A. Hart, 1 9 • but with fuscous areas on corium and cu-

neus narrower; genital claspers, fig. 121, Diaphnidia Uhler distinctive for species. Antennae, length of first segment, 0.65, thickness 0.17; second, KEY TO SPPXIES length 2.42, greatest thickness 0.16, taper-

ing from middle to become more slender at 1 Head black, first antenna! segment very apex; third, length 1.60, linear and slender; dark capitata, p. 92 fourth, length 0.60; black, first two seg- Head pale 2

ments clothed with prominent, coarse hairs; 2. Second antennal segment pale almost identical in structure with caesar. pellucida, p. 92 Female.—Length 6.90, width 2.50. Struc- Second antennal segment tuscous to turally and in color very similar to male; black provancheri, p. 92 .

~~92 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. I~~

Diaphnidia pellucida Uhler vana, Kansas, Marshall, Monticello, Mun- cie, Oalcwood, Shawneetown, Urbana, Vien- Diaphuidia pellucida Uhler (1895, p. 44). na, White Heath, White Pines Forest State Adults.—Fig. 123. Length 4.30, width Park. 1.40. General color uniformly pellucid, greenish white, including antennae ; eyes and Diaphnidia provancheri (Burque) tips of tarsi fuscous; pubescence simple, pale.

~~Malacocoris provancheri Burque (18 P- 144). Adults.—Length 4.80, width 1.40. Gen- eral color pellucid greenish yellow, more green on hemelytra than elsewhere, tibiae~~

~~lightly inf uscated ; second antennal segment~~

fuscous to black ; following segments fuscous. Host Plant.—White oak {Quercus alba) and probably other plants. Known Distribution.—District of Co- lumbia, Illinois, Minnesota, New Hamp- shire, New York, Quebec. Illinois Records.—Monticello: June 28, 1914, 1,?. Urbana: Aug. 26, 1932,

~~Harper & Park, 6 c? ; Sept. 16, 1935, De-~~

~~Long & Ross, 1 $ .~~

~~Diaphnidia capitata Van Duzee~~

~~Diaphnidia capitata Van Duzee (1912, p. 490). Adults.—Length 3.00. General color pale; distinguished by its black head and fuscous to black first antennal segment;~~

sometimes second antennal segment is also infuscated, beginning on base and apex. Host Plant.—Witchhazel {Harnajnelis virginiana) Known Distribution.—District of Co- lumbia, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Ontario. Illinois Records.—De Soto: July 28, Fig. 123.— Diaphnidia pellucida, cf. 1930, Knight & Ross, 2 $ . Dongola: Aug.

3, 1916, 1 (? . Elizabethtown: Aug. 4, Host Plants. — Hawthorn {Crataegus 1932, H. L. Dozier, 1 $ . Metropolis: July sp.), apple {Pyrus malus), hop hornbeam 26, 1930, Knight k Ross, 1 $ . Monti- (Ostrya virginiana) and several other trees; cello: June 11, 1934, Frison & DeLong, Illinois specimens were taken also on cotton- 2$. Oakwood: June 14, 1930, on iron- wood {Populus deltoides), locust {Robinia wood, T. H. Frison, 1 $ . pseudoacacia), oak {Quercus sp.), maple (Acer sp.), elm {Ulmus sp.), walnut {Jug- Reuteria Futon laris nigra), willow {Salix sp.) and alder {Alnus sp.). KEY TO SPECIES Known Distribution.—Throughout the eastern United States and Canada. 1. First antennal segment with inner Illinois Records. Sixty-one — males and black line indistinct on basal half; 121 females, taken June 5 to Sept. 20: Dan- transverse apical portion with outer ville, Eichorn, Fairfield, Galena, Galesburg, black line forming a letter J Geff, Grafton, Grand Detour, Hardin, Ha- platani, p. 95 September. 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 93

First antennal segment with inner Reuteria irrorata (Say) black line complete, nearly parallel Caps us irroratus Say (1832, p. 25). with outer line and both joined api- Male.—Length 4.20, width 1.30. Head cally on ventral side - width 0.69, vertex 0.35. Rostrum, length 2. Second antennal segment with a broad 1.18, nearly attaining posterior margins of fuscous to black area middle coxae. Antennae, first segment, fuscicornis, p. 94 length 0.38, thicker on basal half and taper- Second antennal segment pale, a black ing apically, yellowish green, a heavy black annulus at base; at most the black longitudinal line on inner and one on outer color not occupying more than basal side, these tw'o lines connected apically one-fourth of segment 3 across ventral aspect; second, 1.41, yellow- 3. Corium, clavus and dorsal aspect ot ish, a narrow black annulus at base; third, hind femora conspicuously marked 0.91, yellowish; fourth, 0.56, dusky yellow. with green spots irrorata, p. 93 Pronotum, length 0.56, width at base 1.10. Corium and femora without well-de- Clothed with moderately long, simple, white fined green blotches or spots 4 pubescence, longest on pronotum and base of

4. Second antennal segment with a rather hemelytra, more recumbent and partly seri- broad, fuscous area at base, linear ceous on clavus; a tuft of fuscous hairs at extent of dark color greater than tip of clavus and inner basal angle of cuneus.

width of first segment. . querci, p. 95 General coloration pale to white; hemelytra Second antennal segment with a narrow somewhat translucent; blotches and spots on black annulus at base, width of this corium and clavus; edge of clavus bordering annulus scarcely exceeding diameter scutellum, edges of cuneus, and veins in of first segment 5 membrane, bluish green; membrane clear, apex of larger 5. Membrane with a sharply defined, a fuscous mark bordering fuscous mark bordering larger areole areole. Legs pale to yellowish green, hind green spots pollicaris, p. 95 femora usually with one or two Membrane without tuscous mark bor- on dorsal aspect. Male genital claspers dis- dering larger areole tinctive, fig. 124. bifurcata, p. 94 Female.—Length 3.80, width 1.47. Head

~~POLLICARIS~~

~~BiruRCA TA FUSCICORNIS QUERCI~~

~~Fig. 124.— Male genital claspers of Reuteria. A, left clasper, lateral aspect; C, right clasper, lateral aspect. 94 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1~~

width 0.67, vertex 0.36. Antennae, first seg- line on inner and one on outer margin, the ment, length 0.39; second 0.95; marked as in two lines connected apically across ventral male. Slightly more robust than male, but aspect; second, 1.53, blackish at base, shad- very similar in pubescence and coloration. ing to fuscous on basal half or more, yel- Host Plants.—Chiefly on elm {Ulmus lowish apically; third, 1.17, yellowish;

airiericana) ; also, two Illinois specimens were taken on cypress {Taxodium distich- urn). Known Distribution. — Illinois, Indi- ana, Iowa, Minnesota. New York. Illinois Records.—Twenty males and 34 females, taken June 24 to Aug. 11, are from Aldridge, Algonquin, Ashley, Cham- paign. Dubois, Galesburg, Grafton, Harris- burg, Kansas, Karnak, Monticello, Pulaski, Rockford, Starved Rock State Park. Ur- bana.

~~Reuteria bifurcata Knight~~

Reuteria bifurcata Knight (1939^, p. 130). This is distinguished from allied species by the bifurcate form of the male genital claspers, fig. 124; it differs in color from irrorata (Say) and fuscicornis Knight in the absence of green dots on the clavus and the corium. Male.—Length 4.80, width 1.60. Head width 0.75, vertex 0.36. Rostrum, length 1.30, reaching to middle of intermediate coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 0.44, black marks typical for genus; second. 1.69, yellowish, a distinct black ring at base; third, 1.21, yellowish to dusky; fourth, 0.69, dusky yellow. Pronotum, length 0.62, width at base 1.25. Clothed with pale, simple Fig. 125.— Reuteria fuscicornis, cf. pubescence as in irrorata.

Female.—Length 4.30, width 1.65. Color fourth, 0.56, dusky. Pronotum, length 0.52, and pubescence not differing from those of width at base 1.12. Clothed with simple male. pale pubescence, hairs longer on pronotum, Known Distribution. embolium — Illinois, Mary- and vertex of head ; a few^ fuscous land, New York, Oklahoma. hairs at the tip of clavus; pubescence more Illinois Record.— Shawneetown: June recumbent and silky on clavus and corium. 27, 1936, DeLong Coloration & Mohr, 1 $ . pale to whitish, hemelytra more translucent; apex and outer basal angle of cuneus, Reuteria fuscicornis Knight veins at tip of membrane cells, blotch on corium near tip of clavus, bluish Reuteria fuscicornis Knight (1939;^, p. 129). green. This differs from irrorata in hav- This species is distinguished from irrorata ing much less green on the hemelytra and (Say) by the structure of the male genital femora. Ventral surface and legs pale; claspers, fig. 124, and the fuscous coloration femora sometimes shaded with greenish but of the second antennal segment. not forming distinct spots; tibiae with a Male.—Fig. 125. Length 4.30, width black point at base. 1.30. Head width 0.65, vertex 0.55. Ros- Female. Length 4.30. Color and pubes- trum, — length 1.21, reaching to apices of cence not differing greatly from those of the middle coxae. Antennae, first segment, male. length 0.43, pale, a heavj-, black, longitudinal Host Plants.—Hop hornbeam {Ostrya . . .

September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 95 virginiana) and water beech (Carpinus 1.42, reaching to middle of hind coxae. An- caroliniana) tennae, first segment, length 0.43, white, Known Distribution. — Illinois, Iowa, inner black line indistinct on basal half, con- Minnesota, New York, Ontario. necting portion distinct, black lines forming second, 1.77, white, a Illinois Records. — Harrisburg: June a distinct letter J ; 25, 1932, Ross, Dozier & Park, $$,99- narrow black annulus at base; third, 1.12, Karnak: June 23, 1932, Ross, Dozier & pale; fourth, 0.65, pale. Pronotum, length

\ 1 . 0.60, width at base 1.16. Clothed with Park, i , $ rather long, white pubescence, longest on Reuteria querci Knight thorax, head and base of hemelytra, a tuft of fuscous hairs at tip of clavus and inner Reuteria querci Knight (1939/^, p. 131). angle of paracuneus. General coloration

This species is allied to irrorata (Say), pale to white, hemelytra semitranslucent, but is distinguished by the structure of the devoid of green blotches, cuneus tinged with male genital claspers, fig. 124; the females greenish, but without spots; membrane clear, of querci and irrorata may be separated by veins opaque whitish. Legs pale; femora the absence in querci of well-formed green tinged with greenish, but without spots; spot blotches on the corium and the presence of on bases of hind tibiae and at tips of tarsi paler veins in the membrane. black. Male.—Length 4.30, width 1.40. Head Host Plant.—Sycamore {Platanus oc- width 0.71, vertex 0.35. Rostrum, length cidentalis) 1.17, reaching to near hind margins of mid- Holo type, female. —Snyder, 111.: July dle coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 23, 1932, on sycamore, Dozier & Park. 0.43, marked with black, as typical for Paratype. —Same data as for holotype, genus; second, 1.51, yellowish, black at base; 19. third, 0.95, yellowish; fourth, 0.56, dusky yellow. Pronotum, length 0.56, width at Reuteria pollicaris Knight base 1.14. Clothed with pale, simple pubes-

cence, clavus and corium with somewhat Reuteria pollicaris Rnight (1939^, p. 131j. sericeous pubescence, a tuft of fuscous hairs Not taken in Illinois; described from Mis- at tip of clavus. sissippi. Male genital claspers as in fig. 124. Female.—Length 4.40, width 1.50. Col- oration and pubescence similar to those of Mecomma Fieber male. Host Plant.—Bur oak {Quercus macro- No Illinois species; JMecomma gilvipes

~~carpa) (Stal) is known from Michigan, New York, Known Distribution. — Illinois, Iowa, Ontario. Maryland, Minnesota, New York, Virginia. Illinois Records. — Alton: June 23, Cyrtorhinus Fieber~~

~~1934, DeLong & Ross, 1 $ . Dixon species; Cyrtorhinus caricis Springs: June 23, 1932, Ross, Dozier & No Illinois (Fallen) is known from Minnesota. Park, 1 $ . Golconda: June 22, Ross,~~

~~Dozier & Park, 1 $. Karnak: June 23, 1932, on Quercus sp., Ross, Dozier & Park, Melanotrichus Reuter~~

~~2 (? . 2 9 . Rockford: July 5, 1932, Dozier KEY TO SPECIES & Mohr, 3 c5 . Urbana: June 27, 1932, on~~

oak, Prison & Ross, 1 $ . White Heath: 1. Dorsum with black, scalelike pubes- July 4, 1933, H. H. Ross, 2 $ . cence, fig. 152; color chiefly deep apple green; veins green; membrane Reuteria platan! new species including larger areoles fuscous

~~This is distinguished from other species althaeae, p. 96 of the genus by the indistinct inner black Dorsum with pale, silky, glossy pubes- line on the first antennal segment, this black cence 2~~

line forming a letter J on the ventral aspect. 2. Hemelytra and scutellum dusky in Female.—Length 4.90, width 1.64. Head color; length of second antennal seg- width 0.73, vertex 0.41. Rostrum, length ment less than width of pronotum Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1 96 Illinois Natural History Survey

son, Dongola, Elizabeth, Elizabethtown, at posterior margin. . . catulus, p. 97 Hemelytra and scutellum greenish; Fairmount, Forest City, Galena, Gales- length of second antennal segment burg, Grafton, Grand Detour, Grand greater than width of pronotum at Tower, Grandview, Hatton, Havana, posterior margin; membrane dusky; Kampsville, Kankakee, Karnak, Keithsburg, veins and areoles green Meredosia, Momence, Monticello, Mount flavosparsus, p. 96 Carroll, Quincy, Rising, St. Anne, St. Joseph, Savanna, Starved Rock State Park, Melanotrichus flavosparsus (Sahlberg) Tremont, Urbana, York, Zion.

Phytocoris flavosparsus Sahlberg (1842, p. althaeae (Hussey) 411). Melanotrichus Male.—Length 4.00, width 1.30. Head Hollyhock Plant Bug width 0.69, vertex 0.55. Antennae, first segment, length 0.28; second, 1.21. Pronotum, Orthotylus {Psallus) delicatus Cook (1891> p. 10). Preoccupied. Orthotylus althaeae Hussey (1924, p. 165). FLAVOSPARSUS Male.—Length 4.10, width 1.30. Head cO width 0.75, vertex 0.39. Antennae, first segment, length 0.44; second, 1.51. Pronotum, length 0.61, width at base 1.14. General color deep apple green; calli, head and ventral surface yellowish; membrane, including areoles, fuscous; veins green. Clothed with CATULUS simple, erect, pale pubescence intermixed with deciduous, black, sericeous or scalelike Fig. 126.— Male genital claspers of Melan- pubescence. otrichus. .y, left clasper; C, right clasper. Female.—Fig. 127. Length 3.80, width length 0.45, width at base 0.95. General 1.34. Color and pubescence similar to those color clear green, becoming yellowish on of male. callosities, head and ventral surface; mem- Host Plant.—Cultivated hollyhock {Al- brane dusky; areoles and veins green. Clothed with simple, erect, bristlelike, fuscous pubescence, intermixed with spots of silvery, sericeous pubescence. Genital clasp-

ers as in fig. 126. Female.—Length 4.00, width 1.50. Head width 0.80, vertex 0.43. Antennae, first segment, length 0.30; second, 1.25. Pronotum, length 0.56, width at base 1.21. Color and pubescence similar to those of male. Food Plants.—Lamb's quarter, known likewise as pigweed {Chenopodium album) ; also, Illinois specimens were collected on hawthorn {Crataegus sp.), beet {Beta vulgaris), willow {Salix sp.), cypress {Taxo-

dium distichum) , spruce {Picea sp.) and sunflower {Helianthus sp.). Some of these records are undoubtedly accidental. Known Distribution. — Common over the eastern United States. Illinois Records. — One hundred forty males and 174 females, taken May 12 to Oct. 9, are from Algonquin, Alton, Alto Pass, Anna, Antioch, Areola, Beardstown, Bloomington, Champaign, Chicago, Clayton, Colona, Delavan. Des Plaines, Dixon, Dol- Fig. 127.—Melanotrichus althaeae., 9. September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 97

thaea rosea), where it is often a pest. The little beyond middle; pubescence nymphs and adults feed on the leaves, caus- fuscous chlorionis, p. 98 ing white spots to appear where the chloro- Rostrum attaining or surpassing pos- phyll is removed; with severe infestation the terior margin of mesosternum 4 out. In leaves may turn yellow and dry 4. Length of second antennal segment Colorado the author found this bug breed- less than three times width of ver- ing on a wild species of Althaea. In Illinois tex between eyes. . .robiniae, p. 100 it was found breeding also on mallow Length of second antennal segment

{Malva rotuiidifolia) , a very near relative equal to or more than three times of the hollyhock. width of vertex 5 Known Distribution. Colorado, Illi- — 5. Length ot third antennal segment nois, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Wyo- three-fourths length of second seg- ming. ment; hemelytra with soft, simple Illinois Sixty-three males and Records.— pubescence intermixed with a limit- 58 females, taken May 31 to Sept. 30, are ed number ot minute, golden, silky from Algonquin, Decatur, Galena, La hairs ulmi, p. 100 Harpe, Montitello, Urbana. Length of third antennal segment not more than two-thirds length of Melanotrichus catulus (Van Duzee) second segment; hemelytra with only stiff, simple pubescence 6 Orthotylus catulus Van Duzee (1916/^, p. 106). 6. Length ot second antennal segment Male.—Length 4.50, width 1.60. Head distinctly greater than width of pro- width 0.82, vertex 0.43. Antennae, first seg- notum at posterior margin; hemely- ment, length 0.27; second, 1.00. Pronotum, tra and veins in membrane deep length 0.56, width at base 1.20. General blue green taxodii, p. 101 color whitish to testaceo-grayish ; head and Length of second antennal segment calli tinged with yellowish; hemelytra some- not exceeding width of pronotum times slightly infuscated; membrane fumate. at posterior margin; hemelytra and Clothed with simple, erect, fuscous hairs, veins ot membrane yellowish green, intermixed with recumbent, silvery, glossy veins often pale ramus, p. 100 pubescence. Genital claspers distinctive for 7. Tylus with small tuscous spot at base. 8 species, fig. 126. Tylus without small fuscous spot at Female.—Length 3.90, width 1.50. Color base 9 and pubescence similar to those of male. 8. Membrane pale, darkest specimens Host Plant. Low cudweed {Gnapliali- — pale tuscous; clavus never in- um uliginosum). fuscated viridis, p. 101 Known Distribution.—Connecticut, Membrane uniformly dark tuscous Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Minnesota, New or black; clavus sometimes with a York, Ontario. dusky cloud Illinois Record.—Marshall: May 25, modestus var. immaculatus, p. 104

1928, . T. H. Frison, 2$ , 4 $ 9. Length ot second antennal segment twice width ot head across eyes; Orthotylus Fieher first antennal segment tuscous; length 5.70 basicornis, p. 102 KEY TO SPECIES Length of second antennal segment less than twice width ot head across 1. Ground color green; dark markings, eyes 10 it present, not clouding corium. ... 2 10. Length 5.80-6.10; rostrum extending Ground color pale testaceous to black, upon middle coxae; first antennal sometimes greenish, but, in that segment may be tuscous to black case, hemelytra marked with fus- beneath, but always paler above. . . cous and black areas, fig. 129 11 rossi, p. 102 2. Small, length not over 4.00 3 Length 6.70-7.30; rostrumjust attain- Larger, length 4.50 or more 7 ing posterior margin ot mesoster- 3. Rostrum not reaching posterior mar- num; first antennal segment uni- gin ol mesosternum, extending very formly black notabilis, p. 100 History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1 98 Illinois Natural

ment scarcely equal to twice the 11. Ground color green, apical half of clavus, spoton apical half of corium, width ol head across eyes; for males and broad spot or vitta either side see figure of genital claspers, fig. 128 of pronotal disk behind calli, black; lateralis, p. 104 length 6.70-7.00 (male) 18. Length of second antennal segment notabilis, p. 100 less than twice width of head across Ground color not green, or, if so, eyes 19 then length less than 6.50 12 Length of second antennal segment twice width of head across eyes .... 20 12. Pronotal disk partly orange colored; sometimes hemelytra also partly 19. Legs green or yellowish, not in- orange 13 fuscated; light-colored areas of Pronotal disk without orange color- dorsum greenish or fading to yellow- ing 14 ish, never tinged with salmon

. . .modestus var. modestus, p. 104 13. Hemelytra chiefly orange or salmon Legs pale to greenish, but hind colored; black either side of com- femora fuscous on apical half; missure and on embolium light-colored areas of dorsum tinged submarginatus, p. 103 with salmon ornatus, 103 Hemelytra black; a broad, pale stripe p. 20. Female calli with outer half black; extending full length of corium and connecting with pale cuneus; legs male genital claspers as in fig. 128 . . fulvous; apical halves of hind serus, p. 102 Female calli, at least the outer half, femora black knighti, p. 102 pallid; for males see figures of geni- 14. General color pale yellow brown, hem- tal claspers 21 elytra translucent and with fuscous 21. black; smaller, length 5.20 markings very faint or nearly lack- Juga dorsalis, p. 100 ing in female; median line of head

yellowish; larger, length 5.80. . . and scutellum, lateral margins of Juga neglectus, 105 pronotum, and sides of body, black; p. antennae black; membrane slightly infuscated, veins brown Orthotylus chlorionis (Say) candidatus, p. 102 Capsus chlorionis Say (1832, p. 25; 1859, p. Ground color sometimes pale greenish 346).

or yellowish, but dark markings of This species is distinguished by its small hemelytra distinct; other markings size, short rostrum, green color and simple, not as above 15 fuscous pubescence. 15. Cuneus black, slightly translucent at Male.—Length 3.70, width 1.25. Ros- base; dorsum blackish; slender, trum, extending very slightly beyond middle pale areas present only at base of of mesosternum, green, apex black. Anten- corium and of embolium; pale me- nae, greenish yellow, last two segments dian line present on pronotal disk, dusky to fuscous. General color green, this line sometimes continued upon head and ventral surface yellowish; mem- scutellum; length 6.80 brane pale, veins green. Clothed with sim- necopinus, p. 103 ple, short, fuscous pubescence, this paler on Cuneus pale, or fuscous on inner half embolium. Male genital claspers distinctive, only; length not over 6.00 16 fig. 128. 16. Lateral margins of pronotal disk and Female.—Length 3.80, width 1.40. Head propleura, except ventral margin, width 0.73, vertex 0.38. Antennae, first seg- black; median area of disk and ment, length 0.30; second, 1.04; third, 0.90; scutellum pale 17 fourth, 0.31. Pronotum, length 0.51, width Pronotum with different coloring. ... 18 at base 1.12. More robust than male, but 17. Length of female second antennal seg- very similar in color and pubescence. _ ment slightly greater than twice Host Plants.—Honey locust {Gleditsia I the width of head across eyes; for triacanthos) and black locust {Robinia pseu- males see figure of genital claspers, doacacia). fig. 128 nyctalis, p. 104 Known Distribution.—Connecticut, Length of female second antennal seg- District of Columbia, Illinois, Indiana,

~~I September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 99~~

~~Fig. 128.— Male genital claspers of Orthotylus. A, left clasper, lateral aspect; C, right clasper, lateral aspect. . —~~

~~100 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1~~

Iowa, Mississippi, Ohio, Texas, Virginia. brane pale to dusky, veins green. Clothed Illinois Records.—E lizabethtown: with simple, pale to yellowish pubescence. May 27-31, 1932, on Rohinia pseudoacacia, Genital claspers distinctive, fig. 128; right 2, clasper forked near apex, forming two short, H. L. Dozier, 24 $ . Mason City: June 1933, C. O. Mohr, 3c?, 9$. Muncie: flattened, acuminate arms curving inward and to near middle of genital seg- June 8, 1917, 1$. Oakwood: June 14, upward the apex of each flattened and with 1930, T. H. Prison, 1 9- White Heath: ment, short, blunt teeth; dorsal margin of genital May 30. 1915. 1 i . segment with a slender chitinous spine projecting postero-ventrally. Orthotylus ramus Knight Female.—Length 3.60, width 1.47. More Orthotyliis ramus Knight (\91'le, p. 178). robust than male, but very similar in color This species is suggestive of chlorionis and pubescence. (Say), but is somewhat larger, with pale Host Plant. — Black locust {Rohinia yellowish pubescence. pseudoacacia) Male.—Length 3.90, width 1.50. Eyes Known Distribution.—Described from and shape of head about as in female of Mississippi and now recorded from Illinois. yellowish green, last clilorionis. Antennae Illinois Records. Eichorn : June 13, General color uniformly segment dusky. 1934, Hicks Branch. DeLong & Ross, 1 $ . pale, green or yellowish green, membrane Fairfield: June 12, 1934, DeLong & Ross, distinctive, veins green. Genital structures 2$. Mason City: June 2, 1933, C. O. clasper forked near base and fig. 128, right Mohr, 1 $ . forming two long, curved, acuminate arms; margin of genital segment with a dorsal Orthotylus notabilis Knight strong chitinous spine projecting posteriorly. Female.—Length 4.10, width 1.54. Very Orthotylus notahilis\Y.n\%\\.x. (1927^, p. 176). similar to male in form, pubescence and Not taken in Illinois; known from Iowa, coloration. Kansas, Minnesota, South Dakota; Sas- Host Plants.—Hickory {Carya sp.) and katchewan. Host unknown. pecan {Carya ilUnoensis) ; according to largely on the Johnston these insects feed Orthotylus ulmi Knight catkins or male flowers and but very little on the pistillate flowers. A single specimen Orthotylus ulmi Knight {\911e, p. 179). was taken in Illinois on wild grape {J'itis Not taken in Illinois; known from Min- sp.), but that record is probably accidental. nesota and New York; breeds on elm Known Distribution.—Georgia, Illi- {Ulmus sp.) and should eventually be found nois, Iowa. Michigan, Mississippi, New in Illinois. York, Texas. Illinois Records.—Danville: June 8. Orthotylus dorsalis (Provancher)

1902, Titus & Kahl, 1 9 • Elizabethtown: LygiiS dorsalis Provancher (1872, p. 104). May 27-31, 1932, H. L. Dozier, 2$ , 5 9- Mason City: June 2. 1933, C. O. Mohr, Male.—Length 4.90, width 1.50. Ros- 5^, 10 9. Monticello: June 11, 1934, trum reaching upon bases of middle coxae. Prison & DeLong. 2$. Mound City: Form elongate, costal margins of hemelytra nearly parallel. General color black. Cu- May 24, 1932, H. L. Dozier, 2$ , 4 9- Mounds: May 23, 1932, on wild grape, neus, embolium, base of corium, and rather broad area along radius, greenish trans- H. L. Dozier, 1 $ . Springfield: June 27, lucent; median line of pronotum frequently 1885, in woods, C. A. Hart, 1 $ . paler; rostrum, except apex, and legs, green; coxae paler; membrane fuscous, veins slight- Orthotylus robiniae Johnston ly paler. Genital claspers as in fig. 128. Orthotylus robiniae Johnston (1935, p. 15). Female.—Fig. 129. Length 5.20, width Male.—Length 3.60, width 1.30. Ros- 1.60. Pale green to greenish yellow; juga, trum slightly surpassing hind margin of arc or spot on either side of front, stripe mesosternum. Antennae yellowish green, either side of median line, stripe extending last two segments dusky. General color from inner basal angles of calli to basal uniformly green or yellowish green; mem- margin of disk, scutellum except median line

~~I . ;~~

~~September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 101~~

(usually), all but base of clavus and large thickness of first; third, 0.54; fourth, 0.30. spot on inner apical angles of corium, dark General color green; with mesoscutum, calli fuscous to black; pale area of corium ex- and vertex yellowish; hemelytra slightly tending along claval suture and thus tending translucent; cuneus uniformly green like co- to separate dark apical area from that of rium; membrane pale fumate, veins green. Clothed with simple, pale yellowish pubescence. Legs yellowish green; tibial spines dark. Genital claspers distinctive for spe-

cies, fig. 128. Female.—Length 3.40, width 1.20. Slight- ly more robust than male, but very similar in color and pubescence. Head width 0.64, vertex 0.34. Antennae, first segment, length 0.27; second, maximum width, 1.14, tapering to become more slender on basal half third, length 0.56; fourth, length 0.37. Pro- notum, length 0.48, width at base 1.00. Host Plant.—Bald cypress {Taxodiujn

~~(list ic hum )~~

~~Holotype, male. —Grantsburg, 111., June 22, 1932, on cypress, Ross, Dozier & Park. Allotype, female.—Same data as for holotype.~~

~~Paratypes. — Illinois. — Same data as~~

~~for holotype, . 1 $ , 36 $ Elizabethtown : June 22-24, 1932, Ross, Dozier & Park, 29. Golconda: June 22, 1932, Ross,~~

~~Dozier & Park, 6$. Karnak: June 14, on cypress, 1934, DeLong & Ross, \2 $ , 269. Shawneetown: June 14, 1934, De-~~

Fig. \29.~Orthotylns dorsalis, 9. Long & Ross, 1 9 . clavus; membrane infuscated, veins distinct- Orthotylus viridis Van Duzee ly paler. Legs green, femora yellowish ; tip Orthotylus viridis Van Duzee (1916i^, p. 103 "i. of rostrum and apices of tarsi blackish. Male.—Length 4.60, width 1.50. Ros- Host Plant. Willow (Salix sp.). — trum reaching to middle of intermediate Known Distribution. Connecticut, — coxae. Antennae dusky yellow, last two seg- Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, ments pale fuscous. General color green; New York, Ohio, Ontario, Quebec. head, pronotum anteriorly, embolium, and Illinois Records.—Northern Illinois: femora, yellowish ; base of tylus with a

4$. Antioch : July 5-7, 1932, Prison small fuscous spot; membrane pale to fu- et al., 1(5, 2$. Freeport: July 2, 1917, mate. Clothed with simple, recumbent, pale 1$. Grandview: June 24, 1932, Prison pubescence. Genital claspers as in fig. 128. & Mohr, 1 $ . Female.—Length 4.80, width 1.55. Slight- ly more robust than male, but very similar Orthotylus taxodii new species in color and pubescence.

This species is allied to robiniae Johnston, Host Plant.— Black willow {Salix ni- but is distinguished by the longer second (jra) and perhaps other willows. antennal segment. Known Distribution.—Connecticut, Male.—Length 3.30, width 1.10. Head District of Columbia, Illinois, Iowa, Mary- width 0.62, vertex 0.30. Rostrum reaching land, Michigan, Mississippi, New York, to bases of hind coxae. Antennae yellowish North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Que-

green, with pale pubescence ; last two seg- bec, Tennessee, Virginia. ments fuscous; length of first segment 0.26; Illinois Records.— Sixty-three males and second, 1.00, cylindrical, nearly equal to 60 females, taken June 14 to Aug. 1, are .

102 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22. Art. 1 from Elizabethtown, Galesburg, Golconda, green; embolium and outer edge of corium Grand Detour, Herod, Kansas, Rockford, yellowish green; membrane pale, veins green. St. Joseph, Savanna, Starved Rock State Clothed with prominent, suberect, rather Park, White Heath. coarse, pale pubescence. Suggestive of viridis Van Duzee, but distinguished by the black, segment and structure of the Orthotylus candidatus Van Duzee first antennal male genital claspers, fig. 128. Orthotylits candidatus Van Duzee (1916i^, p. Female.—Length 5.60, width 1.70. Very 124). similar to male in form, color and pubes- Not taken in Illinois; knovi'n from Min- cence. nesota, New Hampshire, New York; breeds Host Plant. — Sandbar willow {Salix on American aspen {Populus tremuloides). longifolia) fig. 128. Male claspers as in Known Distribution. — Illinois, Indi- ana, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, New Orthotylus knighti Van Duzee York, Quebec, South Dakota. Illinois Records.—Thirty-nine males and Orthotylus knighti Van Duzee {\9\(>b, p. 121). 30 females, taken June 9 to Aug. 24, are taken in Illinois; from Indi- Not known from Antioch, Beardstown, Bureau, Fulton, ana, York, Ohio; breeds on American New Freeport, Galena, Grand Detour, Kamps- aspen {Populus balsamifera) and balm of ville, Keithsburg, McHenry, Normal, Gilead {P. candicans). Male claspers as in Oquawka, Quincy, Savanna, Urbana, fig. 128. Warsaw, Waukegan, West Union.

~~Orthotylus serus Van Duzee Orthotylus rossi new species~~

Orthotylus serus Van Duzee (1921, p. 131). This species is allied to basicornis Knight, Male.—Length 5.30, width 1.58. Gen- but differs in its shorter second antennal eral color black; median line of pronotal segment; the first segment is always paler disk and scutellum pale; embolium, outer or greenish above ; the structure of the male margin of corium and cuneus pale greenish, genital claspers is distinctive, fig. 128. translucent; genae, gula, bucculae, rostrum Orthotylus rossi is also allied to the western except apex, sternum, and legs, greenish species, fuscicornis Knight, but differs in yellow; membrane and veins uniformly dark being larger, having a longer first antennal fuscous. Male genital claspers as in fig. segment and short, recumbent pubescence, 128. and in details of the genital claspers. Female.—Length 5.56, width 1.61; very Male.—Length 6.10, width 1.80. Head similar to male in form and coloration; width 1.18, vertex 0.43. Rostrum, length hemelytra with costal margins nearly paral- 1.56, extending slightly beyond middle of lel; sometimes the pronotal disk, vertex and intermediate coxae. Antennae, first segment, front bordering eyes with broader pale length 0.56, fuscous to black beneath, yel- mark than in male. lowish to green above; second, 1.95, yellow- Habits.—Breeds on hawthorns {Cratae- ish green, length less than twice width of gus punctata and C. tomentosa). head; third, 1.08, fuscous; fourth, 0.56, Known Distribution. — Illinois, Iowa, fuscous. Pronotum, length 0.99, width at New York. base 1.65. Clothed with rather short, re-

~~Illinois Record.—Frankfort: June 8, cumbent, pale pubescence. General color 1933, on Crataegus tomentosa, Mohr & uniformly yellowish green to clear green;~~

. eyes, first antennal of Townsend, 19 ^ , 32 $ segment beneath, tip rostrum, and tips of tarsi, blackish; membrane pale, Orthotylus basicornis Knight veins yellowish to greenish. Genital claspers distinctive, right clasper Orthotylus basicornis Knight (1923^, p. 515). differs from that of basicornis by having Male.—Length 5.60, width 1.66. Ros- a broad, truncated apex. trum reaching to middle of intermediate Female.—Length 6.30, width 2.16. Head coxae. Antennae with first segment black, width 1.12, vertex 0.56. Antennae, first seg- second yellowish to pale fuscous, third pale ment, length 0.54, fuscous to blackish be- fuscous, fourth fuscous. General color neath; second, 1.86; third, 1.08; fourth, . .

~~September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 103~~

0.56. Pronotum, length 1.08, width at base scutellum, rather broad area on either side 1.78. More robust than male, but very of commissure, embolium, area at apex of similar in color and pubescence. corium, apex of cuneus, and membrane, Host Plant.—Willow {Salix sp.). blackish or black; rostrum, except apex,

Holotype, male. —Warsaw, 111.: June pale ; legs mostly pale, with hind femora 9, 1932, on Salix sp., Ross & Mohr. dusky and tibiae almost black. Genital Allotype, female. —Same data as for claspers as in fig. 128. holotype. P'emale.—Length 4.80, width 1.44; very Paratypes. — Illinois. — Same data as similar to male, but salmon yellow areas more broad above; venter white with dorso- for holotype, 5 $ , 5 $ . Champaign: June lateral margins black; ostiolar peritreme 15, 1888, at light, C. A. Hart, 1 9 . Grand Tower: June 27, 1906, on willow, C. A. fuscous, epimera and sternum blackish. Host Plant. — Black locust {Robinia Hart, 7$, 13 9. Kampsville : June 25, pseudoacacia) 1932, Prison, Betten & Ross, 2 S • Keiths- Distribution. Connecticut, burg: June 8, 1932, on Salix sp., Ross & Known — Mohr, 2$. Savanna: July 23, 1892, on Illinois, Indiana, Maryland, Missouri, New sandbar in Mississippi River, McElfresh, York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia. Illinois Records.— Springs: I Bluff June Hart & Forbes, $ , 2 9- Iowa.—Ames: Aug., 1940, I9. Coun- 10. 1932, Ross & Mohr, 1 9- McClure:

~~June 25, 1931, Prison, Betten & Ross, 1 9 . cil Bluffs: July 16, 1940, 1 <5 . Daven- port: June 27, 1940, 3 S . Dubuque: June~~

~~1 1 1 . 27, S ; July 5, 5 ; July 9, 1940, $ Orthotylus ornatus Van Duzee~~

Muscatine: July 27, 1940, trap light, 1 S . Orthotylus Duzee All Iowa paratypes, KC. ornatus Van (1916/^, p. 122). Male.—Length 5.60, width 1.78. Ros- Orthotylus necopinus Van Duzee trum extending to bases of middle coxae. Body clothed with moderately short, recum- Orthotylus necopinus Van Duzee (1916/^, p. 125). bent, simple, pale yellowish pubescence. General color black or very dark brown; Male.—Length 6.60, width 2.11. Gen- eral color brownish black; juga, vertex, area tip of scutellum, basal angles of corium, and cuneus, pale pale translucent; membrane extending along front of eyes, median line to spot on middle of apical of pronotal disk and frequently anterior fuscous, veins and half slightly paler; legs pale to dusky, front part of median line of scutellum, base of middle femora very dark brown, poste- embolium, slender area at base of radius, and rior pair darker. Genital claspers as in fig. areas bordering cuneal fracture, pale to 128. pale translucent; basal half of venter, and Female. Length 6.00, width 2.05. Gen- coxae, pale; femora and tibiae testaceous to — eral color chiefly pale, tinged with reddish, fuscous; genital claspers, fig. 128, distinctive varied with fuscous. Base of tylus and spot for species. just above, sometimes an arc on front, basal Female.—Length 6.80, width 2.20; very margins of calli, pronotal disk, except median similar to male, but frequently with pale line and lateral margins, basal angles of scu- areas broader. tellum, apical half of corium, and part of Host Plant.—Yellow birch {Betula lu- clavus, fuscous to blackish ; antennae pale tea) in cool, damp, shaded situations. fusco-brownish, first segment darker; hind Known Distribution. — Illinois, New femora very dark brown. Sometimes this Hampshire, New York, Ontario. sex may have blackish areas broader and Illinois Record. — Northern Illinois, paler parts not at all tinged with reddish. ui. Host Plant.—Crack willow {Salix fra-

ffilis ) Orthotylus submarginatus (Say) Known Distribution.—Colorado, Con- Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Minnesota, CapsHS submarginatus Say (1832, p. 23; necticut, 1859, p. 244). New York, Ohio, Ontario, South Dakota, Male.—Length 4.60, width 1.33. Dor- Texas. and 11 sum pale salmon to orange ; antennae, front Illinois Records.—Eight males of head, lateral margins of pronotal disk. females, taken May 14 to July 8, are from 104 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Fol. 22, Art. 1

Algonquin, Antioch, Apple River Canyon neus pale translucent. Membrane and veins State Park, Dubois, Elizabeth, Galena, pale fuscous, central area paler. Body be- Meredosia, Muncie, Oregon, Valley City. neath pale to yellowish; sides of thorax and venter dark fuscous. Dorsum clothed with Orthotylus nyctalis Knight simple, suberect, pale to dusky pubescence. Legs pale greenish; apical half of hind Orthotylus nyctalis Knight (1927^, p. 181). femora fuscous; tibiae dusky; tarsi fuscous.

This species is very similar to lateralis Female.—Length 4.80, width 1.50. More Van Duzee in color, but its form is more robust than the male; similar in color but slender; the two differ chiefly in the struc- pallid areas more extensive. ture of the male genital claspers. Known Distribution.—Described from Male.—Length 5.10, width 1.40. Ros- Colorado and since recognized from Illinois, trum extending slightly beyond middle of Iowa, Minnesota and Oklahoma. intermediate coxae. Antennae very dark Illinois Records.—Galesburg: July 16, fuscous, with second segment uniformly 1892, on "cottonwood," Stromberg, 3 9 • dusky yellow. Coloration nearly as in late- Monticello: June 28, 1914, C. A. Hart, ralis, but darker. Clothed with simple, sub- 19. erect, bristly, pale hairs. Ground color pale, with lateral margins of pronotal disk, dorsal Orthotylus modestus Van Duzee halves of propleura, and all but narrow area

:.r apex of first antennal segment, black; Orthotylus modestus Van Duzee (1916/5', p. outer half of corium, base of clavus, apical 109). half of cuneus, episterna, and dorso-lateral Male.—Length 4.40, width 1.44. Ros- margins of venter, fuscous to blackish; mem- trum reaching to middle of intermediate brane pale fuscous with veins and narrow coxae. Antennae fusco-brownish, first seg- areas of membrane bordering veins, clear. ment darker. General color fuscous to

Genital claspers as in fig. 128. blackish. Head and paler parts of hem- Female.—Length 4.80, width 1.64. An- elytra tinged with yellowish; embolium pale, tennae dusky yellow, third segment pale to base of corium, rather broad area along dusky, fourth dusky. More robust than radius, and cuneus, greenish yellow; mem- male, but very similar in color and pubes- brane uniformly infuscated, veins scarcely cence. paler. Body clothed with moderately prom- Known Distribution. — Illinois, Iowa, inent, simple, pale yellowish pubescence. Minnesota, New York, Wisconsin. Genital claspers distinctive for species, fig.

Illinois Records. — Oakwood: July 5, 128. Female. Length 4.50, width 1.47. Gen- 1936, Mohr & Burks, 1 $ . Willow — eral color pale greenish. Legs darker; dor- Springs: July 21, 1912, on poplar, W. J.

1 sum marked with blackish; spot at base of Gerhard, $ , kc. tylus, transverse mark across bases of calli, mark paralleling basal margin of pronotal Orthotylus lateralis Van Duzee disk which approaches but does not attain

Orthotylus lateralis Van Duzee (1916i^, p. lateral angles, basal angles and median spot 120). at base of scutellum, all but basal angles of Male.—Length 4.60, width 1.47. Head clavus, and spot on inner apical angle of pale yellowish, frons and tylus blackish. corium, fuscous to black; membrane uni- Rostrum, length 1.30, extending upon tips of formly dark fuscous. middle coxae, yellowish, apex black. An- The black markings vary greatly in extent tennae with first segment black; second and intensity, in some cases being indistinct cylindrical, black, clothed with fine, short, or absent. The uniformly green-colored dusky pubescence; third and fourth black. specimens of this species constitute the va-

Pronotum black; ventral margins of pro- riety iminaculatus Knight (1923^, p. 520). pleura pallid; disk behind calli and the an- Host Plants.—Willows {Salix fragilis terior margin, pale to yellowish; calli brown- and 5. nigra). ish to black. Scutellum pallid, lateral mar- Known Distribution.—Connecticut, gins narrowly fuscous ; mesoscutum yellow- District of Columbia, Illinois, Indiana, ish to fuscous. Hemelytra dark fuscous; Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, New Jersey, base of corium, embolium and base of cu- New York, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania. September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs^ or Miridae, of Illinois 105

Illinois Records.—Eighty-nine males and .'\nterior margin of pronotum and calli 106 females, taken May 22 to Aug. 1, are slightly arched, raised above flat, from Alton, Antioch, Beardstown, Bureau, central area of disk allii, p. 105 Danville, Decatur, Elizabethtown, Freeport, Galena, Galesburg, Golconda, Grand De- Labopidea planifrons Knight tour, Grand Tower, Hardin, Havana, Herod, Homer, Keithsburg, Mahomet, Labopidea planifrons Knight (1928rf, p. 234). Marshall, Monticello, Mount Carmel, Not taken in Illinois; known from Iowa Oquawka, Oregon, Quincy, Quiver Lake, and South Dakota. Rockford, St. Joseph, Savanna, Seymour, Springfield, Urbana, Warsaw, White Heath. Labopidea ainsliei Knight

~~Labopidea ainsliei Knight j. Orthotylus neglectus Knight (1928^, p. 235 This species is allied to allii Knight, but~~

Orthotylus neglectus Knight (\92id, p. 515). differs in having a wider vertex, shorter Male.—Length 5.40, width 1.75. In color pubescence and pale yellowish green color; pattern similar to dorsalis (Provancher), but ainsliei is also distinguished by the form of genital claspers, fig. 128, indicate it is more the male genital claspers. closely related to basicornis Knight and Male.—Length 3.50, width 1.15. Anten- knighti Van Duzee. Color black, rostrum nae, greenish yellow, last two segments except apex, slender lateral margin of pro- brownish. Body clothed with very short, notal disk, cuneus, embolium, and outer fine, pale pubescence; a few silvery, silky margin of corium, greenish; legs greenish, hairs also evident on pronotum. General darkened at bases of coxae and tips of tarsi; color greenish yellow, hemelytra more green, membrane and veins uniformly blackish. but not blue green as in perfect specimens

Rarely, pale forms may occur having median of allii; membrane and veins evenly shaded line of pronotum and scutellum pale. with pale fumate. Genital claspers distinc- Female.—Length 5.80, width 1.90; more tive, left clasper more slender than in allii, robust than the male, usually pale areas basal lobe produced aoove to form an acu- more extensive. minate spine; right clasper slender, widened Food Plant.—Black willow {Salix ni- at base to form a dorsal, subtriangular gra). lobe; apical half slender, incurved and acu- Known Distribution.—Connecticut, minate. Illinois, New York, Nova Scotia. Female.—Length 3.50, width 1.34. More Illinois Record. — Antioch: June 12, robust than male, but very similar in color

1936, Ross & Burks, 1 i . and pubescence. Host Plants.—Wild onion {Allium cer- Noctuocoris Knight nuum) and cultivated onions in Iowa. Known Distribution. — Illinois and No Illinois species; Noctuocoris fumidus Iowa. (Van Duzee) occurs from Colorado east- Illinois Records. — Fountain Bluff: ward to New York and Massachusetts. It May 15, 1932, Prison, Ross & Mohr, 1 $ . will likely be found in Illinois eventually. Giant City State Park: May 21, 1932,

~~H. L. Dozier, 1 $ . Muncie: June 10,~~

~~Labopidea Uhler 1919, 1 $ .~~

~~KEY TO SPECIES Labopidea allii Knight~~

~~1. Pubescence very short, recumbent, Onion Plant Bug with just a few odd, erect, fuscous hairs scattered over pronotum and Labopidea allii Knight (1923^, p. 31).~~

mesoscutum ainsliei, p. 105 This is a small, blue green species with Pubescence prominent, dorsum clothed fine, erect, simple, pale pubescence, figs. 130, with erect, pale hairs 2 131. 2. Anterior margin of pronotum not Male.—Length 4.00, width 1.28. Head raised above flat surface of the disk. width 0.86, vertex 0.49. Rostrum, length planifrons, p. 105 0.75, scarcely reaching to middle of sternum. 106 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22. Art. 1

Antennae, first segment, length 0.34; second, about smaller areole green; tip of rostrum 1.05, yellowish brown, green at base; third, black. Male genital claspers distinctive for 1.01, dusky brown; fourth, 0.43, fuscous. species, fig. 132. Pronotum, length 0.48, width at base 1.08; Female.—Length 4.10, width 1.48. More disk rather flat, anterior margin and calli robust than male, but very similar in color and pubescence. Brachypterous females are at hand from Iowa; in these the last two segments of abdomen are exposed, cuneus short and membrane lacking. Host Plants.—Wild garlic {Allium can-

~~adense) and wild onion {Allium cernuum) ;~~

Fig. 130.— Labopidea allii, the lone-winged Fig. 131. -Labopidea allii, the short-winged form. form. slightly arched. Body clothed with fine, this species often migrates to cultivated erect, simple, pale hairs, this pubescence onions, where it becomes exceedingly abun- longest on clavus, base of embolium, mar- dant, often killing the plants. In southern gins of pronotum, and frons; on pronotum Missouri from 1934 to 1936, many plantings and hemelytra minute, silvery, sericeous of Bermuda onions were destroyed. La- hairs which shine in certain lights also bopidea alia is also reported as a pest in present. General color a pale blue green; southern Iowa and eastern Kansas. The antennae, except first segment, brownish; bug winters as an egg in old onion stems. membrane uniformly pale fumate, veins Destroying the old onion tops and eradicat- I September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 107

~~ing the nearby stands of the wild host should keep the pest under control. Known Distribution. — Illinois, Indi- ana, Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma.~~

~~Fig. 132.— Male genital claspers of f.abopidea alia.~~

Illinois Records.—Sixteen males and 15 females, taken May 7 to October, are from Green County, Alto Pass, Anna, Cache, Fig. 133.— Heterocordylus malinus, 9. Cobden, Dongola, Elizabethtown, Fountain Bluff, Grand Tower, Olney, Rattlesnake ties the species migrates and breeds on culti- Ferry, Urbana. vated apple (Pyrus mains). A single Illinois specimen was collected on locust {Robinia Heterocordylus Fieber pseudoacacia). Known as a pest of apple in New York where the nymphs have been Heterocordylus malinus Reuter observed to puncture the small fruits; this species is not, however, so serious a pest as Heterocordylus malinus Reuter (1909, p. 71). Lygidea mendax Reuter. Male.—Length 6.20, width 2.20. Head Known Distribution. — Illinois, Indi- width 1.12, vertex 0.58. Antennae, first seg- ana, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Missis- ment, length 0.47; second, 1.80, maximum sippi, Missouri, New Hampshire, New thickness equal to that of first segment, York, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania, Wiscon-

pubescence prominent, black; third, length sin. 0.73, moderately slender; fourth, length Illinois Records. — Twenty-one males 0.52, slender. Pronotum, length 1.12, widtii and ii females and 7 nymphs, taken May at base 1.95. General color black, usually 23 to June 27, are from Eldorado, Eliza- with a patch of red on basal angles of pro- beth, Galena, Galesburg, Glen Ellyn, Mani-

notum and hemelytra. Clothed with very to, Pegrim, Willow Springs. fine, yellowish to dusky, simple pubescence, intermixed with rather sparsely placed tufts CERATOCAPSINI of white, deciduous, tomentose pubescence. Female.— Fig. 133. Length 6.20, width KEY TO GENERA 2.40. Antennae with second segment nearly as thick as first segment but more slender on Pronotum anterior to middle nearly cylin- basal half. Red areas often broader than drical, rather abruptly flaring behind those of male; usually with basal half of middle, basal half of disk strongly con- pronotum, embolium, inner half of corium, vex; emboliar margins sulcata on basal base and exterior margin of clavus, and cu- half Pamillia, p. 108 neus, red; more rarely entirely black, as Pronotum regularly narrowed anteriorly, in male. Pubescence as in male. its sides not constricted at middle; em-

~~Food Plants. — Hawthorn {Crataegus boliar margins not sulcate, fig. 197. . . . sp.) is the original host, but in many locali- Ceratocapsus, p. 108 1~~

~~108 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin To/. 22. Art. 1~~

Pamillia Uhler equal to not more than three-fourths width of vertex in male, in female No Illinois species; Pamillia davisi Knight less than three-fourths; male is known from New Jersey. slender, length of second antennal segment only slightly exceeding Ceratocapsus Renter width of head; female brachypterous, disk of corium swollen, convex KEY TO SPECIES camelus, p. 1 14 Length of first antennal segment ap-

1. Clothed only with simple pubescence, proximately equal to width of ver- although sometimes also with prom- tex 10 pilose hairs 2 inent, long, 10. Second antennal segment fuscous at Clothed with two types of pubescence; apex; male best distinguished by either or less closely bearing more structure of genital claspers, fig. 134 appressed, silky, tomentose pubes- husseyi, p. 113 cence, or scalelike pubescence, and Second antennal segment uniformly intermixed, erect in addition more pale yellowish; male best distin- pubescence 6 guished by structure of genital 2. Head and antennae chiefly red; dor- claspers, fig.134 sericus, p. 113 uniformly yellowish 3 sum 11. Length of third antennal segment not and antennae not distinctly red; Head equal to width of vertex plus dorsal dorsum more or less darkened 4 width of one eye; color uniformly 3. Antennae entirely red yellowish, antennae brownish rubricornis, p. 109 apically luteus, p. Ill Antennae with first segment and basal Length of third antennal segment part ot second yellowish greater than width of vertex plus lutescens, p. 1 11 dorsal width of one eye 12

4. Dorsum dark brown, a broad pale or 12. Length of second antennal segment yellowish mark extending across approximately equal to or greater hemelytra just beyond tip of scutel- than width of pronotum at base; lum fasciatus, p. 109 color very dark brown, almost Dorsum without transverse pale fascia 5 Ill black; length 4.50. . .nigellus, p. 5. Robust; head and thorax not, or Length of second antennal segment

~~scarcely, darker than hemelytra, less than width ofpronotum at base. . 13~~

which are very dark brown with 13. Third and fourth antennal segments basal half frequently paler; length approximately equal in length; 4.30 modestus, 1 1 .- Ill p. total length 3.10. . . .taxodii, p. Slender; head and thorax black, hem- Third antennal segment distinctly elytra yellowish with a fuscous cloud longer than fourth; total length on corium; sometimes brachypter- 3.40 vicinus, p. 112 ous; length 4.50 14. Length of third antennal segment nigrocephalus, 1 1 p. greater than width of vertex plus 6. Dorsum dark brown, a broad, pale dorsal width of one eye 15 mark extending across hemelytra Length of third antennal segment just beyond tip of scutellum; this equal to or less than width of vertex pale area in cuticula, not formed by plus dorsal width of one eye 17 pubescence pilosulus, 109 p. 15. Length of third antennal segment Dorsum without transverse pale 7 mark equal to width of head; fem.ale 7. Pronotum impunctate, sometimes ovate, brachypterous, length 2.50; with vague, minute cracks 8 115 male length 3.10. . . .setosus, p. Pronotum punctate, these punctures Length of third antennal segment less sometimes rather minute, but than width of head 16 always distinctly present 14 16. Pronotum with a fuscous spot behind 8. Clavus bearing long, pilose hairs. ... 9 each callus; scutellum and clavus Clavus without long, pilose hairs. . . .11 bearing a few long, pilose hairs. . . . 9. Length of first antennal segment complicatus, p. 114 .

~~September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 109~~

~~Pronotum with calli and anterior area sissippi, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, of disk dark fuscous to black; Virginia. scutellum and clavus rather thickly Illinois Records.—Illinois: July 16,~~

~~1 clothed with suberect, yellowish 1892, <5 ; 1 c? , 2 $ . Argo: Aug. 13, 1916,~~

pubescence, but without long, pilose 1 W. J. Gerhard, $ , fm. Dubois: July 2, hairs pumilus, p. 112 1909, beating from tree, 1 $ . Galesburg: 17. Length of second antennal segment June 27, 1892, 29- Palos Park: July 27.

~~1913, on hickory, 1 greater than width of head plus W. J. Gerhard, $ , fm. dorsal width of one eye incisus, p. 113 Ceratocapsus rubricornis Knight Length ot second antennal segment~~

not exceeding width of head plus Ceratocapsus rubricornis Knight (1927f, p. dorsal width of one eye 18 145). 18. Membrane uniformly pale, darkest Male.—Length 4.30, width 1.70. Anten- specimens with membrane slightly nae deep red, last two segments somewhat smoky; length 2.80 darker red. Clothed with simple, yellowish pubescence; a few longer, more nearly erect quadrispiculus, p. 114 Membrane dark 19 hairs on base of clavus, scutellum and disk of pronotum. Color uniformly pale yellow- 19. Second and third antennal segments

ish ; antennae, head, propleura above middle uniformly pale yellowish of coxal cleft, and hind tibiae, bright red. uniformis, p. 1 13 Genital claspers distinctive, fig. differ Third antennal segment dark or red- 134; from those of lutescens dish brown 20 Reuter by long, de- curved, sickle-shaped apical half of right 20. Dorsum densely clothed with erect, clasper and by broader basal spine. rather bristly pubescence Female.—Length 4.40, width 1.90. In digitulus, p. 115 coloration and pubescence similar to male. Dorsum more sparsely clothed with Food Plants.—Collected on linden {Tilia semierect pubescence 21 americana) 21. Membrane uniformly fuscous Known Distribution.—District of Co- decurvatus, p. 116 lumbia, Illinois, Mississippi. Membrane pale, fuscous on apical one- Illinois Record.—Galesburg: August, third only fuscinus, p. 115 on linden, 1 9 •

~~Ceratocapsus fasciatus (Uhler) Ceratocapsus pilosulus Knight~~

Megacoelum Jasciatum Uhler (1877, p. 421). Ceratocapsus pilosus Knight (\92id, p. 526). Male.—Length 3.00, width 1.30. Head Preoccupied. width 0.65, vertex 0.28. Antennae, first seg- Ceratocapsus pilosulus Knight (1930f, p. ment, length 0.26; second, 0.91; third, 0.60; 198). fourth, 0.48. Pronotum, length 0.56, width This species is very similar to fasciatus at base 1.04. General color dark chestnut (Uhler) in size and coloration but is readily brown with legs and antennae paler; hem- to be distinguished by the long, pilose hairs elytra with a broad, transverse, pale yellow- on the head and the dorsum, and by the ish band behind tip of scutellum; clothed claspers, fig. 134. only with fine recumbent, yellowish pubes- Male.—Length 3.40, width 1.30. Pront cence. Genital claspers as in fig. 134. beset with several prominent, erect hairs. Female.—Length 3.10, width 1.40. Head Rostrum attaining hind margins of posterior width 0.67, vertex 0.33. Antennae, first seg- coxae. Antennae with second segment be- ment, length 0.29; second, 0.99; third, 0.61 coming gradually thicker from base to apex, ; fourth, 0.52. Pronotum, length 0.56, width yellowish brown; third brownish; fourth at base 0.67. Very similar to male in color dark brown. Pronotum clothed with fine, and pubescence. yellowish pubescence, margins of disk beset Host Plant.— Hickory {Gary a sp.). with prominent pilose hairs. General color Known Distribution.—District of Co- dark brown; hemelytra with a broad, trans- lumbia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maryland, verse, pale yellowish fascia just behind apex Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mis- of scutellum. Hemelytra clothed with very —

~~no Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22. Art. 1~~

fine, closely appressed, sericeous pubescence, beam {Ostrya virginiana) , bur oak (Quer- intermixed with longer recumbent pubes- cus niacrocarpa) and hazelnut {Corylus cence and sparsely set, erect, pilose hairs, americana). pubescence taking color of surface beneath. Known Distribution.— Illinois, Iowa, Female.—Length 3.60, width 1.60. More Massachusetts, Minnesota, New York. robust than male, but very similar in color Illinois Records. Northern Illinois:

~~1 1 1 . and pubescence. July, $ ; 5 , 9 Algonquin: June 10, F"oon Plants.—Collected on hop horn- 1896, 2$, 1$. Galena: June 30, 1932,~~

~~Fig. 134.— Male genital claspers of Ceratocapsiis. A, left clasper, lateral aspect; C, right clasper, lateral aspect. September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 111~~

~~Dozier & Mohr. on Corylus sp., 9~~

~~1 , 2 , 26. 1904, of Gerhard, <5 $ fm ; June W corium clothed with closely appressed,~~

~~1 , scalelike J. Gerhard,~~

~~Gerhard. 1$, fm ; July 18, 1909. A. B with simple pubescence. General color very~~

Wolcott. 1 i . fm. dark brown, almost black; cuneus frequently more reddish brown; tibiae yellowish brown. Ceratocapsus lutescens Renter Membrane and veins uniformly fuscous, area bordering apex of cuneus slightly paler. Ceratocapsus lutescens Reuter (1876, p. 87). Genital claspers as in hg. 134. Not taken in Illinois; known from Flor- Female.—Length 4.60, width 1.84. Yery ida. Kansas, Long Island, New York. Texas. similar to male in color and pubescence. Habits.—Collected on hickory (Carya Ceratocapsus nigrocephalus Knight sp.), the nymphs frequently found on the trunk and larger limbs of the trees; perhaps Ceratocapsus nigrocephalus Knight (1923^, predacious. p. 534). Known Distribution. — Georgia, Illi- Not taken in Illinois; known from Iowa. nois, Iowa, Maryland, Minnesota, New Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Ontario, Quehec. South Dakota. Virginia. Illinois Records.—Nineteen males and Ceratocapsus modestus (Uhler) 22 females, taken June 11 to Aug. 9, are from Galena, Galesburg, La Rue, Monti- Melinna modesta Uhler (1887f, p. 69). cello, Oakwood, Round Lake, Shawneetown, Male.—Length 4.00. width 1.40. Gen- Urbana, Waukegan, White Pines Forest eral color yellowish brown to dark fuscous State Park, Zion. brown. Dorsum impunctate, surface very finely alutaceous; scutellum. clavus and Ceratocapsus luteus Knight inner apical margin of corium beset with a few long erect hairs, but devoid of closely Ceratocapsus luteus Knight (1923^, p. 527). appressed, sericeous pubescence. Genital Male.—Length 3.80, width 1.46. Anten- claspers as in fig. 134. nae with first segment yellowish, second Female.—Length 4.40, width 1.70. Simi- yellowish, brownish on apical half, third lar to male in general color. fusco-brownish, fourth very dark brown. Food Plants. — Occurs on basswood Pronotum impunctate, somewhat alutaceous.

{Tilia americana) , oak (Quercus sp.), alder Dorsum clothed M^ith very fine, simple, yel- {Alnus rugosa) and grape {Vitis sp.). lowish pubescence, intermixed with closely Known Distribution.— Extensive over appressed, silvery, scalelike pubescence on the eastern United States. scutellum, clavus and inner half of corium. Illinois Records.—Thirty males and 22 General color uniformly yellowish, tinged females, taken June 24 to Sept. 4, are from with brownish ; membrane uniformly pale Algonquin. Antioch, Argo, Cary, Chicago, fumate, veins tinged with yellowish. Clasp-

De Soto, Eichorn. Fox Lake, Galesburg. ers as in fig. 134. Glen Ellyn, Havana. Pulaski, Starved Rock Female.—Length 4.00, width 1.64. Very State Park, Urbana, Waukegan, West Pull- similar to male in color and pubescence. man, Willow Springs. Known Distribution. — Illinois, New York, West Virginia. Ceratocapsus nigellus Knight Illinois Record.— Beach: Aug. 7, 1935,

\ 1 . DeLong & Ross, i , $ Ceratocapsus nigellus Knight (1923d, p. 528). This resembles the dark forms of mo- Ceratocapsus taxodii Knight destus (Uhler), but is readily distinguished by the pubescence of the scutellum. Ceratocapsus taxodii Knight (1927f, p. 143). Male.—Length 4.50, width 1.70. Anten- This species is allied to luteus Knight but nae clothed with short, closely set pubes- is distinguished by its smaller size, longer

~~cence ; dark reddish brown to blackish. Pro- second antennal segment, and yellow anten- notum alutaceous, finely and sparsely pu- nae with a reddish fourth segment. .~~

~~Bulletin Fol. 22, Art. 1 112 Illinois Natural History Survey~~

Extensive over Male.—Length 3.20, width 1.30. Anten- Known Distribution.— States and Canada. nae with all segments nearly equal in thick- the eastern United hundred one ness; all but fourth yellow; the fourth seg- Illinois Records. — One ment reddish. Pronotum impunctate, alu- males and 81 females, taken June 10 to Sept. taceous. Dorsum clothed with fine, simple, 20, are from Algonquin, Alton, Antioch, yellowish pubescence, intermixed on scutel- Apple River Canyon State Park, Beards- ium, clavus and inner half of corium with town, Browns, Carbondale, Des Plaines, closely appressed, silvery, scalelike pubes- Dolson, Eichorn, Elizabethtown, Galesburg, cence. General color light reddish; hemely- Golconda, Hardin, Harrisburg, Herod, Ho- tra more or less translucent, old specimens mer Park, Kampsville, Kankakee, Kansas, may become brownish red; membrane pale fuscous, becoming gradually paler toward base. Genital claspers distinctive, fig. 134. Female.—Length 3.10, width 1.30. Very similar to male in pubescence and coloration. Food Plant.—Cypress {Taxodium distich um) Known Distribution. — Florida, Illi- nois, Louisiana, Mississippi, Tennessee.

~~Illinois Records.—Cairo : July 27, 1930, on Taxodium distichum, Knight & Ross,~~

~~. 25, 1930, 4 c$ , 2 $ Elizabethtown: July on Taxodium distichum, Knight k Ross,~~

~~. Lake: 11, 1935, 1 (5 , 8 9 Horseshoe July~~

~~DeLong & Ross, 1 1 <5 , 22$. Jonesboro:~~

~~Aug. 2, 1932, on Taxodium distichum, H. L. Dozier. 2^,6$. Karnak: July 26, 1930, on Taxodimn distichum, Knight & Ross, 1932, Ross, Dozier & 4^ , 13 9 ; June 23,~~

~~Park, 1 $ .~~

~~Ceratocapsus pumilus (Uhler)~~

Melinna pumila Uhler (1887r, p. 69). Male.—Length 3.70, width 1.50. Anten- Fig. 135.— Ceratocapsus pumilus, 9. nae with first segment yellowish, a red mark Metropolis, Monticello, Muncie, Pike, Put-

present near base ; second yellowish, third nam, Savanna, Seymour, Starved Rock State yellowish, apical half reddish brown ; fourth Park, Topeka, Vienna, Walnut Prairie, brownish. Dorsum with fine, black punc- West Union, White Heath, York. tures; thickly clothed with prominent, simple, yellowish pubescence intermixed with Ceratocapsus vicinus Knight shorter, closely appressed, silvery yellow, sericeous pubescence. General color yellow- Ceratocapsus vicinus Knight (1923^, p. 529) ish brown to dark brown, calli and anterior Male.—Length 3.40, width 1.40. An- third of pronotum almost black; dark speci- tennae with first segment yellowish, fre- mens with the whole dorsum very dark quently a red mark on ventral surface;

brown, almost black; membrane fuscous, second yellowish, brownish at apex ; third paler on basal half. Genital claspers dis- reddish brown; fourth reddish brown. Pro- tinctive, fig. 134. notum impunctate, alutaceous, sparsely Female.—Fig. 135. Length 3.90, width clothed with fine, yellowish pubescence. Scu- 1.70. More robust than male, but very tellum, clavus and basal half of corium similar in color, pubescence and punctura- covered with closely appressed, silvery, tion. scalelike pubescence. General color fulvous Food Plants.—Occurs most frequently to reddish; scutellum and apical half of

on grape {Fit is sp.) and willow ; legs {Salix sp.) ; hemelytra dark brownish to blackish also taken on red birch {Betula nigra). yellowish; membrane pale, apical half fus- September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 113

cous. Genital claspers distinctive, fig. 134. lar to male in pubescence and coloration. Female.—Length 3.60, width 1.60. More Food Plants.—Occurs on willow {Salix robust than male, but very similar in color sp.), alder {Alnus rugosa) and hornbeam and pubescence. {Carpinus caroUniana). Known Distribution. — Illinois, New- Known Distribution. — Illinois, Iowa, Jersey, New York. New York, Ohio. Illinois Records. — Ashley: Aug. 7, Illinois Records.—Northern Illinois:

1917, 1 . Meredosia: Aug. 22, 1 . 9 1917, sand 9 EiCHORN : June 24, 1932, Hicks pit. 1 $ . Branch, on Alnus rugosa, Ross, Dozier & Park, 1$. Elizabethtown : June 22-24, Ceratocapsus sericus Knight 1932, Ross, Dozier & Park, 2^,29. Har- RISBURG: June 25, 1932, on Carpinus caro- Ceratocapsus sericus Knight (1923^, p. 530). Uniana, Ross, Dozier Park, & 6 $ , 7 9- Male.—Length 3.90, width 1.56. Dor- Karnak: June 14, 1934, DeLong & Ross, sum clothed with rather sparsely set, erect, yellowish, pilose hairs; scutellum, clavus and inner half of corium covered with closely appressed, sericeous or scalelike pubescence. Ceratocapsus husseyi Knight General color very dark brown; legs and Ceratocapsus husseyi Knight (1930(r, p. 196). antennae yellowish; third and fourth an- Male.—Length 4.00, width 1.57. Anten- tennal segments dark reddish brown. Mem- nae with second segment yellowish, fuscous brane and veins uniformly pale fuscous, a on apical one-third; third fuscous with a small clear spot bordering ape.x of cuneus. narrow yellowish area at base; fourth fus- Genital claspers distinctive, fig. 134. cous. Pronotum impunctate, alutaceous. Female. Length 4.10, width 1.66. — Very Dorsum clothed with two types of pubes- similar to male in color and pubescence. cence; sparsely set with rather long, erect Distribution.— Illinois, Known Michi- hairs; and scutellum, clavus and corium also gan, Jersey, York, Pennsylvania, New New bearing closely appressed, silvery, scalelike Wisconsin. hairs. General color very dark brown; Illinois Records. — Galesburg: 1

~~114 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1~~

brown; darker at anterior half of pronotum length 0.65, width at base 0.67; disk strong- and somewhat paler at basal margin. Mem- ly convex, base strongly depressed below brane and veins uniformly fuscous, a pale level of anterior margin, sides rounded and spot present near apex of cuneus. Genital slightly sinuate, coxal clefts visible from claspers distinctive, fig. 134. above. Scutellum depressed, small, triangu- Female.—Length 3.00, width 1.50. Simi- lar, mesoscutum visible, sharply declivent. lar to male in punctation, pubescence and Hemelytra abbreviated, reaching to middle coloration. of abdomen, depressed at base, corium Food Plant.—Collected on walnut {Ju- tumidly convex on apical area, shining, apical glans nigra). and inner margins thickly clothed with sil- Known Distribution.—District of Co- very, sericeous pubescence and also beset lumbia, Illinois, Maryland, Mississippi, with several erect, fine, long hairs; cuneus Missouri, Ohio, Virginia, West Virginia. and membrane absent. Basal abdominal Illinois Records. — De Soto: July 28, sternite with a frosted spot just posterior

1930, Knight & Ross, 1 $ . Grafton: July to each hind coxa. 20, 1932, on Juglans nigra, Ross & Dozier, Known Distribution.—Illinois. 2$, 29. Metropolis: July 26, 1930, Illinois Records. ^Algonquin: July 17,

~~Knight & Ross, 1 9 . 1896, 1 specimen. Urbana: Aug. 21, 1926,~~

~~1 1 . Vera Smith, ^ , 9 Ceratocapsus camelus Knight~~

Ceratocapsus camelus Knight (1930c, p. 187). Ceratocapsus complicatus Knight Male.—Length 3.80, width 1.08. Form Ceratocapsus complicatus Knight (1927f, p. slender. Head width 0.73 ; vertex 0.38, con- 148). vexly rounded, basal edge thin, slightly over- Male.—Length 3.80, width 1.50. Anten- lapping collar. Pronotum, length 0.82, width nae with first segment yellowish, a red at base 1.08; nearly campanulate in form, mark near base ; second yellowish ; third red- lateral margins sulcate, coxal clefts visible ish brown; fourth dark reddish. General from above; disk strongly convex, smooth, color and punctation nearly as in pumilus shining; calli scarcely evident. General color (Uhler), but dorsum is clothed with silvery, dark brown to almost black; pronotal disk sericeous pubescence sparsely intermixed with and cuneus darker and shining; ostiolar long, erect, pilose hairs and usually has two peritreme white, somewhat protruding later- fuscous spots visible on the pronotal disk, one ally. Hemelytra dark brown, translucent, behind each callus. Craspers as in fig. 134. strongly shining, emboliar margins sinuate; Female.—Length 3.10, width 1.40. Very a silvery, sericeous, pubescent band extend- similar to male in pubescence, puncturation ing across middle of corium and clavus near and coloration. apex ; also with similar pubescence at base Known Distribution.—Florida, Illinois, of clavus and across middle of scutellum Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, Texas, scutellum, clavus and inner angle of corium Virginia. beset with several erect, moderately long, Illinois Records. — Harrisburg: June yellowish, bristlelike hairs; cuneus scarcely 15, 1934, DeLong & Ross, 1 9. Havana: deflexed, uniformly very dark brown. Mem- Aug. 30, 1917, 1 $ . Herod: Aug. 4, 1934, brane uniformly dark fuscous, area border- DeLong & Ross, 1 $ . Quincy: Aug. 11, ing cuneus, and spaces between and within 1889, C. A. Hart, 2 $ . larger areoles, pale. Genital structures distinctive, right clasper bifurcate, each half Ceratocapsus quadrispiculus Knight curving in a semicircle, tips nearly in contact, fig. 134. Ceratocapsus quadrispiculus Knight (1927c, Female. — Length 2.80; brachypterous, p. 148).

~~width across abdomen 1.12. Head width This species is allied to uniformis Knight,~~

~~0.80, vertex 0.52; large, eyes rather small, and is very similar to it in size and colora- frons, vertex and tylus forming an arcuate tion, but differs in having strongly arcuate~~

line as viewed from side. Antennae, first emboliar margins, a somewhat shorter ros- j segment, length 0.22, pale brownish; second, trum and a uniformly pale, smoky mem- I 1.77, becoming progressively larger from brane ; the genital claspers are distinctive,

~~base to apex, very dark brown. Pronotum, fig. 134. . ; ;~~

~~September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 115~~

Male.—Length 2.90, width 1.50. Anten- Illinois Records.—Dubois: July 2, 1909, nae yellowish; first segment with red mark beating from trees, 1 $ . Vienna: June 14, near base; fourth segment reddish. Dorsum 1934, DeLong & Ross, 2 i . with irregular, fine, black punctations clothed with prominent, erect, pale hairs Ceratocapsus setosus Reuter intermixed with appressed, silvery, sericeous Ceratocapsus pubescence that appears to arise from punc- setosus Reuter (1909, p. 70). tures on hemelytra and scutellum. General Male.—Length 2.80, width 1.10. Anten- color dark reddish brown, more blackish on nae with first segment yellowish, a red mark scutellum and on anterior portion of pro- near base; second yellowish; third fuscous, punctures black; legs uniformly yel- paler at base; fourth fuscous. Pronotum notum ; lowish; membrane and veins uniformly pale with disk finely punctate. Dorsum clothed dusky. with sparsely set, erect, pilose hairs, intermixed on hemelytra Female.—Length 3.20, width 1.50. More and scutellum with robust than male, but very similar in pubes- closely appressed, silvery, sericeous pubescence and coloration. cence. General color dark brownish, shin- Food Plant. — Collected on hornbeam ing; head paler; legs yellowish. Genital {Carpinus caroUniana) claspers distinctive, fig. 134. Known Distribution.— Illinois, Louisi- Female.—Length 2.60, width 1.43; bra- ana, Texas. chypterous, ovate. Hemelytra rounded at apex, membrane absent only a Illinois Records. — Dongola: July 2, or mere trace of it remaining at anal angle. Color, punc- 1916, 1 $ . Herod: July 24, 1930, on Car- turation and pubescence similar to those of pinus sp., Knight & Ross, 2^,3$. male. Macropterous females occur in south- Ceratocapsus digitulus Knight ern states, but appear rarer farther north. Food Plants. — Occurs frequently on Ceratocapsus digitulus Knitjht (1923^, p. ferns. 533). Known Distribution.—District of Co- Male.—Length 3.40, width 1.60. An- lumbia, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, tennae with first segment yellowish; second Maryland, Mississippi, New Jersey, Ohio, yellowish, thickened on apical half, but not Pennsylvania, Virginia. attaining thickness of first segment; third Illinois Records.— Eleven males and two scarcely equal in thickness to second seg- females, taken May 19 to Aug. 23, are from ment, yellowish, apical half brownish; fourth Anna, Bluff Springs, Danville, Dongola, brownish. Pronotum punctate, dark brown- Elizabeth, Hardin, Herod, Muncie, Rock- ish, almost black on calli. Dorsum rather ton, Union County State Forest, Urbana. densely clothed with erect, somewhat bristly pubescence, intermixed on scutellum and Ceratocapsus fuscinus Knight hemelytra with closely appressed, silvery, scalelike pubescence. General color dark Ceratocapsus fuscinus Knight (1923d', p. 531). 1.61. brown with a reddish tinge ; cuneus reddish Male.—Length 3.70, width Anten- brown, embolium translucent yellowish; nae with first segment yellow, a red spot on

legs greenish or yellowish ; membrane uni- inner side at base; second slender at base formly fusco-brownish, scarcely paler on and becoming gradually thicker apically, at- areas bordering cuneus. Genital claspers taining thickness of first segment, yellowish;

distinctive, fig. 134. third yellowish, becoming fuscous on apical Female.—Length 3.50, width 1.70. An- half; fourth equal in thickness to third seg- tennae with second segment slender, grad- ment, fusco-brownish. Dorsum punctate, ually thickened apically; third nearly equal clothed with suberect, yellowish pubescence, in thickness to that of apex of second seg- this pubescence longer and more prominent ment, yellowish to brownish; fourth brown- than in pumilus (Uhler) and intermixed ish. Hemelytra more arcuate than in male, with closely appressed, silvery, sericeous pu- but pubescence, punctation and coloration bescence. General color yellowish brown to very similar. very dark brown, almost black; calli and Known Distribution.— Illinois, Mary- anterior portion of pronotum usually black-

~~land, Massachusetts, New York, North ish ; hemelytra yellowish brown, often in-~~

~~Carolina, Ontario, Virginia. f uscated ; cuneus reddish. Legs yellowish ;~~

~~116 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1~~

femora reddish on apical half; membrane SYSTELLONOTINI pale fumate, a distinct fuscous cloud occupying middle of apical half. Genital claspers KEY TO GENERA distinctive, fig. 134, both right and left clasp- Scutellum conically produced, fig. 137; ers composed of three prongs each. hemelytra with a transverse white Female.—Length 3.60, width 1.60. Very fascia across middle of clavus and base similar to male in pubescence and punctation, of corium Cyrtopeltocoris, 117 but emboliar margins more strongly arcuate p. pronotum yellowish, only calli and a ray Scutellum only moderately convex, fig. across top of coxal cleft blackish; venter 136; hemelytra with a pale spot on cla- reddish to brownish. vus, or white spot at base of corium, but, Habits.—Occurs on willows {Salix nigra in either case, these white marks not

forming a complete transverse fascia. . . and S. amygdaloides). Evidently predacious Sericophanes, 116 in habits. p. Known Distribution.—District of Co- lumbia, Illinois, Iowa, Louisiana, Maryland, Sericophanes Reuter Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, New Sericophanes heidemanni Poppius York, Ohio. Illinois Records.—Forty males, 49 fe- Sericophanes ocellatus Osborn (1898, p. 238) not Reuter. males and 1 nymph, taken May 25 to Aug. Sericophanes heidemanni Poppius (1914^, 30, are from Algonquin, Alton, Antioch, p. 260). Eichorn, Galesburg, Golconda, Grand De- Sericophanes noctiians Knight (1917rt, p. 4). tour, Grand Tower, Havana, Homer Park, Male.—Length 3.40, width 1.00. Gen- Kampsville, Lawrenceville, Meredosia, Me- eral color dark chestnut to black. Legs yel- tropolis, Monticello, Muncie, Paxton, Put- lowish brown; tibiae darker, posterior coxae nam, Quincy, St. Joseph, Savanna, Topeka, pale; antennae yellowish brown, darker on Urbana, West Union. third and fourth segments, fourth segment slightly compressed. Hemelytra velvety Ceratocapsus decurvatus Knight brown, darker at base of clavus; two trans-

Ceratocapsus decurvatus Knight (1930c, p. 194). Male.—Length 3.70, width 1.64. Anten- nae pale yellowish, segments three and four reddish. Dorsum punctate, clothed with prominent, nearly erect, yellowish pubescence intermixed on scutellum and hemelytra with silvery, sericeous pubescence; more strongly pubescent than pumilus (Uhler), although fuscous punctures on dorsum are Fig. 136.— Sericophanes heidemanni. very similar. General color yellowish to brownish, calli and propleura dark brown; verse, irregular, silvery bars over brown; cuneus reddish, except on outer margin; legs a cream-colored round spot on clavus just uniformly yellowish; membrane uniformly beyond scutellum ; membrane light smoky, fuscous. Genital claspers distinctive for spe- pale areas bordering apical third of cuneus. cies, fig. 134. Female.— Brachypterous. Length 3.10, Female.—Length 3.80, width 0.88. Very width of abdomen 0.97. Antlike in form. similar to male in pubescence, punctation General color yellowish brown. Prothorax and coloration. subglobose ; hemelytra much reduced, reach- Habits.—Predacious; collected on alder ing only base of third abdominal tergite; {Alnus rugosa). cream-colored spot present just beyond scu- Known Distribution.—Illinois, Mary- tellum; abdomen subglobose, pleural mar- land, New York, Pennsylvania. gins prominent, fourth to seventh segments Illinois Records.—Eichorn: June 24, dark brownish to piceous ; sternites paler on 1932, on Alnus rugosa, Ross, Dozier & Park, areas bordering ovipositor.

~~3 , June 13, ^ 19; 1934, DeLong & Ross, Habits.—This species, fig. 136, has been 6^, 12. found to occur on grassy ridges. Males are~~

~~i ;~~

~~September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 117~~

frequently collected at light. In New York, brown. Pronotum, length 0.73, width at base Dr. C. P. Alexander in letter reports this 0.95, disk strongly convex on basal half, species as flying up in large numbers from collar distinctly narrowed, not equal to the grass after sundown. In Iowa I found width of vertex. Scutellum remarkably de- this species abundant in closely cropped veloped into a vertical cone with an acumi- pasture land where the little brown ants nate point, mesoscutum broadly exposed and Lasius alienus var. americanus Emery were sloping downward to base of scutellum. abundant. General color medium brown to dark brown, Known Distribution. — Connecticut, smooth or only very minutely punctate, mod- Illinois, Iowa, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsyl- vania, South Dakota, Utah, Washington, Wyoming. Illinois Records.—Seventeen males, taken May 10 to Aug. 22, are from Algonquin, Chicago, Oak Lawn, Palos Park, Urbana, Willow Springs.

~~Cyrtopeltccoris Renter~~

~~Cyrtopeltocoris illini new species~~

~~This species is to be distinguished from allied species by the pointed, conical develop-~~

ment of the scutellum, fig. 137. Male.—Fig. 137. Length 3.60, width 0.91. Head width 0.75, vertex 0.52; eyes scarcely raised above contour of frons, a sharp carina at base of vertex. Rostrum, length 1.40, reaching to middle of hind coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 0.28, pale to white; second, 1.25, nearly cylindrical, fuscous brown, with fine, pale pubescence third. 0.86, equal in thickness to second segment, dark brown; fourth, 0.60, thickness equal to that of preceding segments, dark

~~Fig. Wl .-- Cyrtopeltocoris illini, dorsal and lateral aspects. 118 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin' Vol. 22, Art. 1~~

erately shining; with sparse and very fine, toward apex; width of head less than pale pubescence. Hemelytra slightly con- width of posterior margin of pro- stricted near middle, dark brown, strongly notum, fig. 141 3

~~shining; clavus paler brown on basal half, 3. Lateral margins of hemelytra slightly crossed on apical half by a clear white band constricted and recurved ventrad,~~

~~that becomes wider on corium and reaches bearing white pubescent bands, fig.~~

~~costal margin; a white spot present on cori- 141 Pilophorus, p. 119 Lateral margins of hemelytra slightlv arcuate, bearing silvery pubescence, but this pubescence not forming dis-~~

~~tinct bands Alepidiella, p. 119~~

~~Pseudoxenetus Reuter~~

~~KEY TO SPECIES~~

~~Fig. 138.— Cyrlopeltocoris illini, male claspers. Entire pronotum and presternum dark~~

~~brown or black scutellatus, p. 118~~

cuneus ; membrane um bordering base of Disk of pronotum and presternum uniformly fuscous, slightly paler at tip of orange or reddish regalis, p. 119 Luneus. Legs mostly medium brown to dark brown ; coxae white, middle pair reddish Pseudoxenetus scutellatus (Uhler) brown at base ; apex of hind femora and base of tibiae pale; tibiae paler on apical one- Xenetus scutellatus Uhler (1890, p. 81). third. Genital segment distinctive, fig. 138. Adults.—Fig. 139. Length 6.50, width Holo type, male — Dolson, 111., Rocky 1.20. Black; scutellum yellow, except for Branch: June 25, 1932, Prison & Mohr.

~~Paratypes.—Illinois.—Geff: June 12,~~

~~1934. DeLong & Ross, 1 $ . Morton: July~~

~~22. 1928. A. R. Park, 1 $ . Urbaxa: July~~

~~10. 1940. in building, C. O. Mohr, 1 $ . Missouri.—St. Louis: June 25, 1939,~~

~~R. C. Froeschner, 1 $ .~~

~~PILOPHORINI~~

~~KEY TO GENERA~~

~~1. Vertex not compressed posteriorlv, fig. 139; length of first antennal segment nearly equaling width of head; anterior half of pronotum constricted, its sides at that point nearlv parallel~~

Pseudoxenetus, p. 118 Vertex compressed posteriorly, slightly overlapping anterior edge of pronotum, fig. 140; length of first antennal segment not exceeding width of vertex 2 2. Second antennal segment scarcely thickened toward apex; width of head across eyes equal to or greater than posterior width of pronotum, fig. 140; hemelytra with emboliar

~~margins parallel. .. .Alepidia, p. 119 Second antennal segment thickened Fig. 139.— Pseudoxenetus scutellatus. . 1 .~~

~~September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 119~~

narrow area at base; cuneus with white A single female of this spceies from translucent band at base; posterior coxae Galena shows a greater development of pale, legs mostly dark brownish, anterior spots of silver pubescence on the hemelytra and middle tibiae yellowish. and is referable to the varietv squamosa Food Plants.—Oaks {Quercus muhlen- Knight (1926^, p. 26). Distribution. Colo- bergii, Q. rubra and Q. alba) ; occasionally Known —Alabama, ash {Fraxinus sp.). A single specimen was rado, District of Columbia, Florida, Geor- taken on apple in Illinois. Known Distribution. — Connecticut, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minne- sota, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania, Virginia. Illinois Records.—Thirty-nine males and 38 females, taken May 9 to July 8, are from Antioch, Bluff Springs, Champaign, Don- gola, Dubois, Elizabeth, Fox Lake, Gales- burg, Glen Ellyn, Grand Detour, Havana, Keithsburg, Meredosia, Muncie, Oregon, St. Anne, Summerfield, Urbana, Willow Springs.

~~Pseudoxenetus regalis (Uhler)~~

Xenetus regalis Uhler (1890, p. 80). Adults.—Length 6.50, width 2.00. Gen- eral color black; very similar to sciitellatus (Uhler), but with basal half of pronotum, sternum and pleura largely red. Food Plants.—Usually live oak {Quer-

cus virginiana) ; collected also on other oaks {Q. alba, Q. rubra and Q. marilandica) in Illinois. Fig. 140. — Jlepidia gracilis. Known Distribution.— Florida, Geor- gia, Illinois, Maryland, Mississippi, North gia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maryland, Mas- Carolina, Oklahoma. sachusetts, New Jersey, New York, West Virginia. Illinois Records.—Ten males and 1 females, taken May 15 to June 15, are from Illinois Records. — Galena: June 30, Dubois, Galesburg, Havana, Keithsburg, 1932, on Austrian pine, Dozier & Mohr, Meredosia, St. Anne. I9. Galesburg: July 23, 1893, Scotch pine. 6?. Urbana: July 20, 1889, sweep-

~~1 21, Alepidia Renter ings, Hart & Terrill, 5 <5 , $ ; July~~

~~1889, sweepings in forest, C. A. Hart, 2 $ , Alepidia gracilis (Uhler) 1$.~~

Pilophorus gracilis Uhler (1895, p. 42). Adults.— Fig. 140. Length 4.20, width Alepidiella Poppius 1.30. (general color black, slightly shining; No Illinois species; Alepidiella heidemanni hemelytra ferruginous black, membrane pale Poppius is known from District of Colum- fuscous; a darker spot on either side cover- bia, Maryland, Oklahoma; occurs on scrub ing apex of brachium ; pale area present pine {Pinus virginiana) bordering cuneus; antennae and legs pale yellowish; femora sometimes darkened; abdomen with a patch of silvery scales on Pilophorus Westwood either side near base. KEY TO SPECIES Host Plants.—Red pine {Pinus resi-

nosa), Scotch pine (P. sylvestris) and Aus- 1. Hemelytra polished over entire width trian pine {P. nigra var. austriaca) behind posterior silvery line 2 120 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1

~~Hemelytra behind posterior silvery straight, transverse line with claval line polished on area exterior to band 10 radial vein only 8 10. Hemelytra clothed with fine, soft, re-~~

2. Hemelytra with erect, short, black cumbent pubescence only 11 bristles 3 Hemelytra bearing sparsely set, erect, Hemelytra clothed only with fine, re- short, stiff hairs intermixed with cumbent pubescence, this pubes- soft, recumbent pubescence 12 cence sometimes black, but not 11. Length of second antennal segment erect and bristlelike 4 less than distance between tip of tylus and posterior margin of pro- 3. Third antennal segment black, nearly length 3.50. 123 as thick as first segment notum; .walshii, p. Length of second antennal segment vanduzeei, p. 120 Third antennal segment pale, with equal to or slightly greater than dis- apical half infuscated, slender, tance between tip of tylus and pos- scarcely thicker than fourth seg- terior margin of pronotum; length 4.00 brunneus, 123 ment uhleri, p. 122 p. 12. Length of second antennal segment 4. Pronotum with silvery, silky and to- distinctly greater than distance be- mentose pubescence; length 5.00. . . tween tip of tylus and posterior mar- strobicola, p. 122 gin of pronotum; clavus with a dis- Pronotum without silvery, silky and tinctly darker area bordering scutel- tomentose pubescence 5 lum and commissure; length 4.50- 5. Length 4.50; posterior silverv line not 5.00 clavatus, p. 124 interrupted on corium, but slightly Length of second antennal segment dislocated at claval suture; second equal to or only slightly greater antennal segment gradually thick- than distance between tip of tylus ened toward apex, .amoenus, p. 122 and posterior margin of pronotum; Length not exceeding 3.90; posterior clavus same brown color as corium; silvery line interrupted on corium length 3.70-3.90 setiger, p. 124 but not dislocated at claval suture. 6

~~6. Second antennal segment strongly Pilophorus vanduzeei Knight clavate on apical one-third~~

laetus, p. 121 Pilophorus vanduzeei Knight (1923^, p. 540). Second antennal segment gradually Male.—Length 5.00, width 1.66. Head thickened from middle to apex. ... 7 width 1.25, vertex 0.66, from tip of tylus basal 7. Third antennal segment dark brown; to basal margin of head 1.11; sharp margin of vertex beset with six black fourth segment pale. . taxodii, p. 121 Third antennal segment pale with bristles, front sparsely clothed with silvery, apex darkened; fourth segment deciduous and scalelike hairs, which are

fuscous juniperi, p. 123 interspersed with erect bristles. Rostrum, length 2.27, scarcely attaining hind margin 8. Transverse silvery line of clavus and of coxae. first segment, corium continuous and straight, middle Antennae, that of clavus bent slightly forward length 0.44, thickness 0.11; second, length but never disconnected 2.22, gradually thickened from base toward apex thick), brownish black, perplexus, p. 121 (0.15 dark Transverse silvery line of clavus and clothed with short black pubescence ; third, corium dislocated at claval suture length 0.80, thickness 0.08, uniformly black; or on corium at radial vein 9 fourth, length 0.72, pale, infuscated apically. 9. Posterior silvery band widely dislo- Pronotum, length 0.94, width at base 1.53, anterior angles 0.83 half of disk cated at radial vein, inner portion ; anterior set forward and forming a straight, sparsely clothed with silvery, deciduous pu- transverse line with that on clavus; bescence quite similar to that on front of length 3.20 geminus, p. 122 head. Scutellum with apical half and slen- Posterior silvery band not widely dis- der lateral margins flat, abruptly convex located on corium at radial vein, on basal half but flattened basally, flattened often sloping forward to join band apical half more or less covered with silvery, on clavus, but not forming a scalelike pubescence. Hemelytra, dark fus- — .

~~September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 121~~

co-brownish, opaque anterior to posterior first segment, length 0.30, yellowish brown; silvery line, basal half with a silvery sheen second, 1.25, yellowish brown, darker on apparent in certain lights; beset with erect, apex, clothed with fine, short, black pubes- short, black bristles; posterior silvery line cence; third, 0.47, uniformly brown; fourth, nearly straight, slender, behind this distinct- 0.52, pale. Pronotum, length 0.74, width at ly polished, apex of clavus included. Mem- base 1.12, very dark brown, paler on anterior brane uniformly darkened with fuscous, an half, finely rugulose. Mesoscutum and opaque black cloud bordering apex of larger scutellum very dark brown, disk of scutel-

areole. Legs uniformly brownish black, a lum strongly convex ; bordered with silvery, pale spot on anterior aspect of front coxae scalelike pubescence. Hemelytra fulvous near base; hind tibiae strongly flattened and to brown, but black behind posterior sil- distinctly curved. Venter with a patch ot silvery, scalelike pubescence laterally on third segment. Female.—Length 5.30, width 1.80; very similar to the male, but third antennal segment perceptibly thicker (0.10 thick), nearly equal to thickness of first segment. Habits.—Occurs on pines {Pin us syl- I'estris and P. resinosa) Known Distribution. — Alabama, Illi- nois, Iowa, Maryland, Massachusetts, Min- nesota, New Jersey, New York, Pennsyl- vania.

~~Illinois Records. Antioch : July 5-7,~~

~~1932, T. H. Prison, et al., 1 $ . Grand Detour: July 2, 1932, Castle Rock, Dozier~~

~~& Mohr, 1 i . Starved Rock State Park: July 14, 1932, on Scotch pine, Dozier &~~

~~Park, 3 c5 . Urbana: June 20, 1932, T. H.~~

~~Prison, 1 9 •~~

~~Pilophorus laetus Van Duzee~~

~~Pilophorus laetus Van Duzee (1918, p. 294). Not taken in Illinois; breeds on scrub~~

~~pine {Pinus virginiana) . Known from Ala- bama, District of Columbia, Maryland, Massachusetts, New York, Tennessee, Vir- Fig. 141.— Pilophorus taxodii. ginia.~~

very line; clothed with fine, short, recum- Pilophorus perplexus Douglas & Scott bent, black pubescence; posterior silvery line transverse, nearly straight, not interrupted; Pilophorus perplexus Dout^las & Scott (1875, basal silvery line restricted to corium and p. 101). embolium; surface behind posterior silvery Not taken in Illinois; known from Con- polished, black; pubescence fine, black, necticut, New York, Nova Scotia, Ontario. line cuneus very similar; membrane pale fuscous, an opaque, dull, very dark brown spot cov- Pilophorus taxodii new species ering larger areole and an equal area ex-

~~This species is allied to juniperi Knight, tending toward middle of membrane. Legs~~

but is distinguished by the dark third anten- yellowish brown; hind tibiae dark brown, nal segment and pale fourth segment. strongly compressed, edges carinate, spines Male.— Fig. 141. Length 3.70, width rather short; tarsi fuscous. Venter very 1.30. Head width 1.03, vertex 0.52. Ros- dark brown, polished, fulvous brown at base trum, length 1.56, dark brown, reaching to and with a patch of silvery scales on either posterior margin of middle coxae. Antennae, side at margin of dark color. . — .

~~122 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1~~

Female.—Length 3.90, width 1.30. Slight- Pines Forest State Park: July 4, 1932, strobus, Dozier Mohr, 29 ly more robust than male, but very similar on Pinus & $ , 15 12, 1934, DeLong & Ross, 5 in color and pubescence. $ ; July $ , Host Plant.—Cypress {Taxodium dis- 8$. tich um) Holotype, male.—Karnak, 111.: June 23, Pilophorus amoenus Uhler 1932, on cypress, Ross, Dozier & Park. Pilophorus amoenus Uhler (1887^, p. 30). Allotype, female.—Same data as for Male.—Length 5.00, width 1.64. Anten- holotype. nae, first segment, length 0.39, fuscous; Paratypes. —Illinois.—Same data as for second, 1.83, greatest thickness 0.12, gradu- holotype, 7 , 2 $ . Horseshoe Lake: July <5 ally thickened from base to apex, black,

11, 1935, on cypress, DeLong & Ross, 3 $ , fusco-brownish on basal half; third, length 49. 0.72, slender, pale; fourth, length 0.64, pale, dusky on apical half. Hemelytra anterior Pilophorus geminus Knight to posterior silvery line cinnamon fulvous in color; distad of this, polished and piceous; Pilophorus geminus Knight {\926d, p. 22). line straight, Not taken in Illinois; knovi^n only from posterior silvery nearly not Minnesota and Wisconsin. interrupted on corium. Hind tibiae distinctly compressed. Pilophorus strobicola Knight Female.—Length 4.80, width 1.70; very similar to male in structure and coloration. Pilophorus strobicola Knight ({926d, p. 19). Host Plant.—Scrub pine {Pinus vir- Male.—Length 5.10. Head width 1.06, giniana) vertex 0.50. Antennae, first segment, length Known Distribution.—District of Co- 0.39; second, 1.94, gradually thickened lumbia, Georgia, Illinois, Maryland, Mas- apically thick), dark fusco-brownish, (0.13 sachusetts, New Jersey, New York, North apical half black; third, 0.66, pale fuscous Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia. at apex; fourth, pale fuscous. P^ront 0.61, Illinois Record.— Illinois: 1$. of head and pronotum clothed with fine, silvery pubescence, that on hemelytra more Pilophorus uhleri Knight nearly golden; scutellum clothed with silvery, scalelike pubescence, this pubescence Pilophorus uhleri Knight (1923^, p. 541). denser at basal angles and apex; hemelytra Male.—Length 5.00, width 1.90. Head polished behind posterior silvery line, but width 1.14, vertex 0.53. Rostrum, length rather thickly clothed with recumbent golden 1.80, nearly attaining hind margins of mid- pubescence; posterior tibiae distinctly com- dle coxae. Antennae, first segment, length pressed ; venter with an oblique patch of 0.38; second, 1.86, gradually thickened api- silvery, scalelike pubescence on either side cally (0.14 thick), brownish to black; third, of third to sixth sternites. 0.66, thickness 0.06, pale, apical half infus- Female. — Length 5.00, width 1.61. cated, sometimes tinged with pink; fourth, Length of second antennal segment, 2.19, 0.61, pale, apex dusky. Pronotum, length greatest thickness 0.17, more distinctly thick- 0.83, width at base 1.44, uniformly black, ened on apical one-third than in male. bearing a few short, erect bristles. Scutel- Host Plants.—White pine {Pinus stro- lum covered with silvery, scalelike pubes- bus) and Scotch pine {P. sylvestris), but cence on sides and base. Hemelytra dark may be in part predacious. brown; black and polished behind posterior Known Distribution. — Illinois, Iowa, silvery line ; beset with erect, short, black Minnesota, New Hampshire, New York, bristles, posterior silvery line transverse, North Carolina, Ohio. broader than in vanduzeei Knight; mem-

~~Illinois Records. Beach: Aug. 7, 1935, brane fusco-brownish, a darker, cloudlike DeLong & Ross, 1^, 1$. Galesburg: spot covering larger areole and surrounding~~

July 23, 1893, on Scotch 1 pine, ^ , 3 $ . area. Quincy: Aug. 13, 1889, in street, 1^. Female.—Length 4.80, width 1.77; very Urbana: July 20, 1889, sweepings, Hart similar to male in color and pubescence.

~~& Terrill, 1 $ ; June 20, 1892, swept from Habits.—Occurs on larch {Larix lari- bluegrass, F. McElfresh, 1 $ . White cina) and Scotch pine {Pinus sylvestris).~~

~~I September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 123~~

~~Known Distribution. — Illinois, Iowa, third, 0.35, mostly pale, apex fuscous; New Jersey, New York, Ontario. fourth, 0.32, fuscous. Pronotum, length~~

~~Illinois Records.—Antioch : 5-7, 0.64, width at 1.05 July base ; from tip of tylus to~~

~~1932, on Larix sp., T. H. Frison et al., 6 $ . basal margin of pronotal disk, 1.14. General~~

VoLO: Auk. 24, 1935, DeLong & Ross, 1 $ . color dark brown; hemelytra lighter brown; corium behind posterior silvery band and Pilophorus juniper! Knight exterior to radial vein dark brown and polished; membrane pale fuscous, a brown Pilophorns juniperi Knight (1923^, p. 543). cloud covering larger areole and area just This species is allied to laetus Van Duzee, behind. Dorsum clothed with short, soft hut is in it differs in the darker coloration; pubescence except for bands; posterior sil- shorter and more gradually thickened sec- very band slightly irregular, widely discon- ond antennal segment; also in the narrower nected at claval suture, that portion on head. clavus set well forward but transverse in Male.—Length 3.70, width 1.30. Head position; basal band thick, just opposite tip width 0.91, vertex 0.49. Rostrum, length of scutellum, extending from costal edge to 1.06, attaining middle of intermediate coxae. claval suture; sides of venter with arcuate Antennae, first segment, length 0.28, brown- band of dense, silvery pubescence extending ish ; second, 1.11, gradually thickened from from second to sixth sternites; paracuneus middle toward apex (0.10 thick), length not with two spots of silvery pubescence. equal to distance between tip of tylus and Female.—Length 3.70, width 1.30. More base of pronotum, brown, apical half black; robust than male, but very similar in color third, length 0.44, pale, infuscated apically; and pubescence. fourth, length 0.42, infuscated. Pronotum, Habits.—Breeds on honey locust {Gle- length 0.71, width at base 1.11; very dark ditsia triacanthos), but may be in part pre- brown, sides more gradually sulcate than in dacious. A single, probably accidental, spec- laetus. General color very dark brown, al- imen was taken in Illinois on apple. most black; hemelytra nearly as in laetus, Known Distribution.—District of Co- but darker; membrane blackish on basal lumbia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maryland, half, pale fuscous on apical half and on area Missouri, Ohio, Virginia. bordering cuneus; legs fusco-brownish, ven- Illinois Records.— Nineteen males and ter very dark brown, a patch of silvery hairs 31 females, taken June 22 to Sept. 24, are present on either side of third to fifth ster- from Darwin, Dubois, Elizabethtown, nites. Galesburg, Kansas, Lawrenceville, Metrop- Female.—Length 3.50, width 1.12. Very olis, Monticello, Murphysboro, Paxton, similar to male in structure and coloration. Pike, Quincy, Rock Island, Savanna, Starved Habits.—Breeds on red cedar {Junip- Rock State Park, Urbana, White Heath, er us virginiana) and may be predacious in Willow Springs. Blatchley {\92bb, p. 815) habits. records it also from Palos Park. Known Distribution.—District of Co- lumbia, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, Pilophorus brunneus Poppius Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, South Dakota. Pilophorus brunneus Poppius (1914^, p. Illinois Record.—Starved Rock State 244). Male. Length 4.00, width 1.40; from Park: July 14, 1932, on Juniper us virgini- — ana. tip of tylus to basal margin of pronotum, Dozier & Park, 27 (? , 57 $ . 1.38. Antennae, first segment, length 0.28, fusco-brownish; second, 1.47, dark brown- Pilophorus walshii Uhler ish, more nearly black at apex; third, 0.61,

Pilophorus walshii Uhler (1887^, p. 30). fuscous, basal one-fourth pale; fourth, 0.61, Male.—Length 3.20, width 1.17; head fuscous, narrow pale area at base. Prono- width 0.82, vertex 0.41. Rostrum, length tum, length 0.73, width at base 1.21. 0.95, reaching only to near posterior margin Female.—Length 3.80, width 1.51; from of mesosternum. Antennae, first segment, tip of tylus to basal margin of pronotum, length 0.22, pale, brownish above; second, 1.33; more robust than male but very simi- 0.97, cylindrical, slightly more slender bas- lar in pubescence and coloration. Second an- ally, mostly brown; blackish on apical third; tennal segment, length 1.33, slightly thicker 124 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1

toward apex but scarcely exceeding thick- first segment, length 0.30, yellowish brown; ness of first segment. second, 1.34, yellowish, apical one-fourth Habits.—Occurs on willow (Salix sp.). very dark brown, slender, slightly thicker Known Distribution.—Illinois, Indi- apically; third, 0.48, pale, apical half fus- ana. Iowa, Maryland, Minnesota, Missouri, cous; fourth, 0.39, fuscous. Pronotum, New York, Ohio, Ontario. length 0.73, width at base 1.23; from tip of Illinois Records.—Ten males and 16 fe- tylus to basal margin of pronotum 1.38. males, taken May 29 to Aug. 23, are from Dorsum clothed with fine, simple, yellowish Algonquin, Alton, Antioch, Byron, Cham- pubescence intermixed with sparsely set, sub- paign, Dubois, Eichorn, Kankakee, Mere- erect, bristlelike hairs; posterior silvery dosia, Savanna, Urbana, Waukegan. band dislocated at claval suture, but still making contact with that part on clavus; Pilophorus clavatus (Linnaeus) basal band thick, extending from costal edge to claval suture at a point very slightly be- Cimex clavatus Linnaeus (1767, p. 729). hind tip of scutellum; paracuneus with two Male. Length 4.60, width 1.53; from — silvery patches. General color dark brown tip of tylus to basal margin of pronotum, to almost black, hemelytra brown, corium 1.50. Rostrum, length 1.73, reaching to mid- dark brown and shining on area behind pos- dle of hind coxae. Antennae, first segment, terior silvery line and exterior to radial vein, length 0.33, fusco-brownish; second, 1.75, cuneus also dark brown and shining; mem- gradually thickened from base toward apex, brane pale fuscous, a large brown cloud cov- greatest thickness 0.11, slightly greater than ering larger areole and central area of mem- thickness of first segment, dark brownish brane; legs brown; coxae partly paler; hind black, more nearly black on apical half; tibiae very slightly curved. third, length 0.66, fuscous, pale on basal Female.—Length 3.90, width 1.50. Very half; fourth, length 0.39, fuscous, paler at similar to male in general proportions, color base. Pronotum, length 0.73, width at base and pubescence. 1.40. General color very dark brown, Holotype, male.—Kings Bluff, Winona almost black ; hemelytra brown ; clavus dark- County, Minn.: June 30, 1922, H. H. er than corium except for area bordering Knight, KC. claval suture; polished only behind posterior Allotype, female. —Same data as for silvery line exterior to radial vein. Dor- holotype, KC. sum clothed with fine, short, golden and — Paratypes. Illinois.—Galena : yellowish pubescence intermixed with short, June 30, 1932, Dozier & Mohr, 2 10, erect, stiff bristles; posterior silvery line dis- 9 ; July

1934, DeLong Ross, 1 . located at claval suture, but not disconnected & $ Palos Park: with portion on clavus. May 31, 1914, W. J. Gerhard, 1 9 • Wil- low Springs: June 9, 1912, 1 June 28, Female.—Length 4.60, width 1.67; from, $ ; 1903, 1 Sept. tip of tylus to basal margin of pronotum, 9 ; 4, 1904, W. J. Ger-

~~hard, 1 , FM. 1.55; very similar to male in form, color 9 and pubescence. South Dakota.—Trail County: Aug.~~

19, 1923, A. A. Nichol, 1 , kc. Habits.—Occurs on oaks {Quercus spp.). 5 Known Distribution.—This is a Euro- pean species known in America from Brit- MIRINAE ish Columbia, Colorado, Illinois, Iowa, KEY TO GENERA Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, North Dakota, Ontario. 1. Pronotum distinctly swollen at middle Illinois — as wide as or wider than hind margin, Records. Illinois: 2 $ . Cary: fig. 142 2 Aug. 27, 1905, on oak, W. Gerhard, 1 J. $ , Pronotum widest at hind margin, not 2 9 > FM. Kankakee: Aug. 1, 1933, Ross & noticeably swollen at fig. Mohr, 1 9 . middle, 145 3 2. Length of first antennal segment less Pilophorus setiger new species than width of vertex; pronotum not extending back to "basal angles of Male.—Length 3.90, width 1.50. Head hemelytra; base of scutellum poorly width 0.91, vertex 0.45. Rostrum, length defined Pithanus, p. 125 1.51, reaching base of hind coxae. Antennae, Length of first antennal segment September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae. of Illinois 125

greater than width of vertex, fig. 142; European species which has been recognized pronotum extending back to basal in British Columbia, Idaho, Iowa, Ontario, angles ot hemelvtra, and hemelytra Wisconsin. It has not as yet been collected

usually depressed near base and tip in Illinois, but most likely it will be found of scutellum, arched over middle of here eventually. abdomen Mimoceps, p. 125 3. strongly exserted with Head eyes Pithanus I'ieber placed near middle, thus far removed Illinois from anterior ot pronotum, fig. 143. No species; Pithanus maerkelii (Herrich-Schaeffer) Collaria, p. 126 is known from British Head not or only slightly exserted; Columbia, Maine, New York, Washington. eyes in contact with pronotum or nearly so, fig. 144 4 Mimoceps LHiier

4. Pronotum impunctate or nearly so. . . . 5 Pronotum coarselv and deeplv punc- Mimoceps insignis Lhler tured 8 Mimoceps insignis Uhler (1890, p. 84). 5. Antennal segments thickly covered Male.—Length 3.50, width 0.91. Head with long, erect, black hairs, fig. 144; width 0.82, vertex 0.43. Rostrum, length body covered with fine, long, erect 1.25, reaching to base of middle coxae. An- pubescence; eyes slightly removed tennae, first segment, length 0.60, pale, black

~~from anterior angles of pronotum. . . on base; second, 1.70, pale; third, 1.21, fus- Miris, p. 127 cous; fourth, 0.95, fuscous. Pronotum, Antennal segments clothed with very~~

length 0.78, width at base 0.73 ; calli large, short pubescence, fig. 145; body convex, smooth, occupying middle of disk. nearly glabrous, at most with very short pubescence 6 6. Head short and greatly flattened, front scarcely protruding beyond bases ot antennae, fig. 145; head with a broad and shallow median basin; first antennal segment slender and curved, thickest near base, tapering to become slender at middle, then becoming slightly enlarged at apex

~~Teratocoris, p. 12X Head long and pointed, front projecting sharply beyond bases ot anten-~~

~~nae, compare fig. 144; first antennal segment not formed as above 7 7. Rostrum not extending behind middle coxae Trigonotylus, p. 129 Rostrum extending to base of abdomen~~

Megaloceroea, p. 125 8. First antennal segment with verv short pubescence, practically glabrous; pronotum and scutellum sparsely covered with deep punctures Mesotniris, p. 131 First antennal segment thickly covered with long pubescence; punctures of pronotum and scutellum deep and

~~closely placed. . . .Stenodema, p. 130~~

~~Megaloceroea Fieber~~

~~No Illinois species; Megaloceroea recti- p. 149- Mimoceps insignis, brachypter- cortiis (Geoffrey) is apparently an imported ousl?. 1;~~

~~Bulletin- To/. 22. Art. 1 126 Illinois Natural History Survey~~

Hemclytra short, membrane absent, apices first segment, length 0.78, yellowish brown, rounded, covering three-fourths of abdo- base blackish; second, 4.11, black; third, men, depressed at base, apical half more 2.64; fourth, 1.56. Pronotum, length 0.99, convex; dorsum glabrous, shining. General width at base 1.17; calli strongly convex, color black; white spot present on either nearly as high as base of pronotum ; basal side at base of hemelytra; legs pale, femora

reddish except at base ; coxae fuscous at bases; rostrum pale, except at base and apex. Female.—Brachypterous: Fig. 142. Length 4.50, width 1.30. Head width 0.95, vertex 0.52. Antennae, first segment, length 0.61; second, 1.77. Pronotum, length 0.91, width at base 0.82. Form of hemelytra and coloration similar to male. Macropterous: Length 4.80, width 1.34. Head width 0.82, vertex 0.43. Antennae,

first segment, length 0.61 ; second, 1.78. Pro- notum, length 0.82, width at base 1.08. Hem- elytra with membrane developed, fuscous hrachium distinct; cuneus large, outer margin arcuated. Color black; basal half of clavus and corium pale yellowish; legs and rostrum as in male. The macropterous

~~form is rare. Paler specimens of this species, in which the hemelytra are almost entirely creamy white, belong to the variety gracilis Uhler~~

~~(1890, p. 85). Food Plants.—Sedges. Known Distribution.—Colorado, Ida- ho, Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Montana, 143.— Collaria meilleurii, 9. New Mexico, New York, North Dakota, Fig.~~

Ohio, Ontario, Utah, Wisconsin. half of disk with an opaque black spot on Illinois 1 Records.—Four males and either side near basal angle, these spots in- females, taken June 10 to Aug. 26, are from conspicuous on the black background. Gen- Algonquin, Argo, Beach, Champaign, Fox eral color black; front of head shining; legs Lake, Galesburg, Grayslake, Palos Park, yellowish brown ; femora with small, black Rock Island, Volo, Zion. spots ; hemelytra translucent, yellowish ; clavus and irregular area on apical half of CoUaria Provancher corium, fuscous to black. Female.—Fig. 143. More robust than KEY TO SPECIES male, but very similar in color and scarcity of pubescence. Pronotal disk brown to fuscous, conspicu- Host Plants.—Bluejoint grass {Cala- ous black spot present on either side of rnagrostis canadensis) and other grasses in basal half ef disk oculata, p. 127 damp situations. Pronotal disk black, black spots obscure Known Distribution.—Alberta, Con- meilleurii, p. 126 necticut, Illinois, Indiana, Maine, Massa- chusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Collaria meilleurii Provancher Brunswick, New Hampshire, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania,

CoUaria meilleurii Provancher fl872, p. 79; West Virginia, Wisconsin, Vermont. 1886, p. 102j. Illinois Records. — Twenty-four males Male.—Length 6.00-7.00, width 1.70. and 16 females, taken June 14 to Aug. 4, Head width 1.08, vertex 0.48. Antennae, are from Algonquin, Antioch, Browns, Ce- .

~~September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 127~~

dar Lake, Dug Hill, Homer Park, Oak- p. 16). These and the lighter specimens wood, Urbana, V'olo, West Union. occur together in Illinois. Food Plants.—Bluegrass {Poa praten- Collaria oculata (Reuter) sis), timothy (Phleum pratense) and frequently other grasses. A series of specimens Trachelomiris ociilatus Reuter 61). (1876, p. was taken in this state on spiderwort {Tra- Male.—Length 6.00, width 1.50. Head descantia sp.). These bugs puncture grass width 0.93, vertex 0.39. Antennae, first seg- stems, causing the tops of the plants to ment, length 0.95; second, 2.84; third, 1.94; wilt. clothed with long, pilose hairs. Pronotum, Known Distribution.—This is a com- length 0.99, width at base 1.30; disk brown- mon European species which is now widely ish, a large opaque, black spot each side distributed in the eastern United States and near basal angle ; calli only moderately convex. General color brownish with fuscous; hemelytra chiefly brown ; legs pale to brownish yellow; hind femora with seriate fuscous spots on anterior aspect. Fem.ale.—Length 6.75, width 1.75. More robust than the male but very similar in general form and color. Host Plants.—Occurs on grasses in dry sandy meadows; this species found breeding on panic grass {Panicum huachucae) in Virginia. Known Distribution.—Common in the southern United States and known from as far north as Connecticut, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, New York, Ohio. Illinois Records.—Thirty-two males and 54 females, taken May 15 to Sept. 30, are from Ashley, Carbondale, Chautauqua Bluff, Clay City, Dixon Springs, Dolson, Dongola, Dubois, Elizabethtown, Fulton, Herod, Mahomet, Meredosia, Murphys- boro, Norris City, Odin, Palos Park, Pulas- ki, St. Anne, Saratoga, Shawneetown, Thebes, Waukegan.

~~Miris Fabricius~~

~~Miris dolabratus (Linnaeus)~~

IVIeadow Plant Bug Fig. 144.— Miris dolabratus, cf Cimex dolabratus Linnaeus (1758, p. 449). Adults.—Fig. 144. Length 7.30-8.50, Canada. The fact that this bug is not width 2.40. General color pale greenish evenly distributed through the states where with fuscous and black markings; pronotum it occurs lends evidence to the view that it with two black stripes that run over the may have arrived here after the advent scutellum ; clothed with fine, long, erect pu- of white men. bescence. Brachypterous females common. Illinois Records.—One hundred forty- Females have the second antennal segment nine males, 122 females and 2 nymphs, uniformly slender, which distinguishes them taken May 18 to July 11, are from Algon- from ferrugatiis Fallen. quin, Amboy, Antioch, Aurora, Custer Park, Darker males of this species, in which the Danvers, Dixon, East Dubuque, Erie, Free- hemelytra are tawny brown, are referable port. Galena, Glendon Park, Grand Detour, to the variety aurantiacus Reuter (1875, Grandview, Hamilton, Hardin, Harvard, —

~~128 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1~~

Joliet, Keithsburg, Lyndon, Mahomet, Ma- with fuscous and black areas; basal angles rengo, Mount Carroll, Muncie, Oakwood, of pronotum, base of hemelytra, and full Oregon. Palos Park, Peoria, Putnam, length of embolium, pale or greenish; legs Quincy. Rock Island, Rockton, St. Anne, reddish, bases of femora and tips of coxae St. Joseph, Savanna. Seaton. Seymour, Shel- paler. don. Urbana. Watseka. Waukegan. White Female.—Fig. 145. Length 5.60, width Heath, White Pines Forest State Park, Wil- 1.64. More robust than male, hemelytra low Springs. Zion. and venter much paler in color; usually only slightly fuscous along claval suture and in- Teratccoris Fieber ner angles of corium, sometimes tinged with reddish. KEY TO SPECIES Host Plants.—Occurs on sedges (Scir- pus and Carex). Frequently collected at

Scutellum and clavus fuscous to black. . . . lights. discolor, 128 p. Known Distribution.—Colorado, Illi- Scutellum and clavus unitormly green. . . . nois. Indiana, Iowa, Massachusetts, Michi- 128 paludum, p. gan. IVIissouri. Ohio, Ontario, Quebec, South Dakota. Utah. Teratocoris discolor Uhler Illinois Records.—Eleven males and 42 females, taken May 30 to Sept. 8, are from Teratocoris discolor Uhler (1887f, p. 68). Champaign. Chicago, Galena, Grayslake, Male.—Length 4.80. width 1.25. Head Havana, Momence, Odin, Urbana. width 0.86, vertex 0.38. Rostrum, length 1.17. reaching slightly beyond middle of Teratocoris paludum J. Sahlberg

Teratocoris pallidum J. Sahlberg (1871, p. 291). Male.—Length 5.40, width 1.21. Head width 0.78, vertex 0.39. Rostrum, length 1.17, just reaching middle of sternum. An- tennae, first segment, length 1.43, thicker on basal half, reddish; second, 2.81, reddish; third, 1.47, fuscous; fourth, 1.08, black. Pronotum, length 0.74, width at base 1.02. General color light green, yellowish on head

and mesoscutum ; legs green; hind tibiae and tips of femora bright red; hind tibiae with long, pilose hairs. Female.—Length 5.80, width 1.34. More robust than male, but very similar in coloration. Host Plant.—Occurs on sedge {Carex I'esicaria), which probably is the plant on which this species breeds. Frequently collected at lights. Known Distribution.— Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, New York, Ontario, South Da-

~~kota ; Finland.~~

~~Fig. 145.— Teratocoris discolor, 9. Illinois Records. Chicago: May 23,~~

~~W. Gerhard, 3 , fm June 13, W. J. ; J. sternum. Antennae, first segment, length 1 Gerhard. $ , fm ; Mav 25, 1906, at light, 1.04, thicker on basal half, reddish, blackish 1 ; W. J. Gerhard. 3~~

~~September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 129~~

Trigonotylus Fieber medium green to bright green; apices of posterior tibiae, and tarsi, black; antennae KEY TO SPECIES pink to reddish on apical half; membrane pale, veins green. ot posterior 1 Posterior tarsi and apices Female.—Length 6.30, width 1.51. More tibiae black tarsalis, p. 129 robust than male, but very similar in form Posterior tarsi and apices ot posterior and coloration. tibiae pale or reddish 2 Food Plant. — Slough grass {Spartina

2. Length of first antennal segment less michauxiana) than width of head across eyes Known Distribution.—C onnecticut, brevipes, p. 129 Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Manitoba, Massa- Length of first antennal segment ex- chusetts, Minnesota, New Hampshire,

~~ceeding width of head across eyes. . . 3 North Dakota, South Dakota, Texas, ^Vis-~~

~~3. Clavus and corium roseate; second an- consin.~~

tennal segment pale to yellowish. . . Illinois Records.—Fifty-five males and pulcher, p. 129 122 females, taken May 15 to Oct. 1, are Clavus and corium pale to dusky or from AUerton, Antioch, Argo, Beach, Bond- greenish; antennae reddish ville. Champaign, Chicago, Grayslake, Mo- ruficornis, p. 130 line, Momence, Oak Lawn, Ogden, St. Anne, Savanna, Seymour, Urbana, Watseka, Wau- Trigonotylus pulcher Reuter kegan, Zion.

Trigonotylus pulcher Reuter (1876, p. 59). Trigonotylus brevipes Jakovlev Male.—Length 4.50, width 0.99. Head width 0.62, vertex 0.31. Rostrum, length Trigonotylus brevipes Jakovlev (1880, p. 215). 1.38, reaching to near apices of middle coxae. Male.—Length 4.10, width 0.95. Head length Antennae, first segment, length 0.64, thick- width 0.60, vertex 0.28. Rostrum, ness 0.15, pale, tinged with roseate; second, 1.25, reaching to near tips of middle coxae. thick- length 1.49, pale; third, length 1.31, pale; Antennae, first segment, length 0.51, fourth, length 0.65, brownish. Pronotum, ness 0.13, usually greenish yellow, some- length 0.52, width at base 0.86. General times pink, clothed with short fuscous pu- color pale, clavus and corium tinged with bescence; second, length 1.51, cylindrical, roseate; two brown, longitudinal lines on 0.07 thick, usually pale yellowish, sometimes middle of pronotum and scutellum; a roseate pink, clothed with very short, minute pu- to fuscous line present on either side of bescence; third, length 1.30, pallid to dusky; head along inner margin of eye and ex- fourth, length 0.47, fuscous. Pronotum, tending to basal margin of pronotum. length 0.47, width at base 0.82, basal mar- Female.—Length 5.40, width 1.25. More gin broadly concave ; disk minutely rugulose, robust than male, but very similar in color- median line slightly elevated, pallid, dusky

ation. on each side ; calli distinct, a foveate punc- Known Distribution.—Recorded from ture on each inner angle. Dorsal surface Minnesota south to Texas and eastward. nearly glabrous, claval vein and brachium on Illinois Record.—Anna: Oct. 11, 1933, corium, distinctly elevated. General color pallid to greenish yellow; hemelytra sub- Prison & Ross, 1 9 • translucent; cuneus nearly clear; membrane sometimes dusky, veins pale to greenish. Trigonotylus tarsalis (Reuter) Female.—Length 4.85, width 0.96. Slight- Callimiris tarsalis Reuter (1876, p. 60). ly larger than the male but very similar in Male.—Length 5.40, width 1.12. Head form and coloration. width 0.75, vertex 0.43. Rostrum, length Food Pl.ants.—Bermuda grass {Cy no- 1.38, reaching nearly to posterior margin of tion dactyloii) and perhaps related grasses. sternum. Antennae, first segment, length Known Distribution.—Alabama, Ari- 0.80, green; second, 2.34, green, apical half zona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, pink; third, 2.60, pink; fourth, 0.95, pink. Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Kentucky, Mary- Pronotum, length 0.65, width at base 0.97. land, New York (coastal), North Carolina, Pubescence very short, dorsum nearly gla- South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Ltah, brous; tibial spines weak. General color Virginia; also Cuba and Mexico. ;

~~Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1 130 Illinois Natural History Survey~~

pale antennae Illinois Records.—Metropolis: Aug. 17, with short, pubescence; with 1916, C. prom.inent pale hairs, first segment more 1891, Shiga & Hart, 2 $ ; Aug. 20, thickly clothed. Pronotum thickly and rath- • A. Hart, 1 c5 , 1 $ er coarsely punctate; median line raised into Trigonotylus ruficornis (Geoffroy)

Cimex ruficornis Geoffroy (1785, p. 209). Male.—Length 5.30, width 1.17. Head width 0.69, vertex 0.36. Rostrum, length Fig. 146.— Stenodema trispinosum, hind femur. 1.56, reaching to middle of intermediate red, first segment often coxae. Antennae a callus. Posterior margin of hind femora

pale ; first segment, length 0.73 more or less with three spines, one of them much re- third, 1.95; fourth, 0.56. Pro- second, 2.31; duced in size. length 0.65, width at base 0.95. Pu- notum, Food Plants. — Occurs on grasses in and legs; dorsum bescence short on antennae moist meadows; adults hibernate. General color pale practically glabrous. Known Distribution. — A Holarctic yellowish green to green; pronotum with species that is widely distributed in the fuscous stripes, median four longitudinal, northern United States and Canada. apex of scutellum and pair extending to Illinois Records.—Fifty-one males and separated by a slender, pale line; membrane 37 females, taken April 15 to Oct. 6, are pale to dusky, veins green. from Algonquin, AUerton, Alto Pass, Anna, 1.34. More Female.—Length 6.00, width Antioch, Apple River Canyon State Park, similar in form robust than male, but very Carbondale, Carmi, Champaign, Chicago, coloration. and Dubois, Elizabethtown, Fern Cliff, Foun- Cultivated oats {Avena Food Plants.— tain Bluff, Golconda, Grand Tower, Herod, sativa) and closely related wild grasses. Jonesboro, Kampsville, Lawrenceville, Ma- Known Distribution.—This is a Hol- homet, Mount Carmel, Muncie, Palos Park, the arctic species, widely distributed in Parker, Pulaski, Quincy, Robinson, Shaw- States Canada, most abundant United and neetown, Snyder, Springfield, Thebes, Ur- in the Boreal region. bana, Vienna, Waukegan. Illinois Records. — Twenty-two males and 64 females, taken May 22 to Aug. 28, are from Amboy, Antioch, Chicago, Eliza- Stenodema vicinum (Provancher) beth, Frankfort, Galena, Grand Detour, Miris vicinus Provancher (1872, p. 77). Havana, Hoopeston, Macomb, Orangeville, Adults.—Length 7.00-7.50, width 1.70. St. Anne, Savanna, Starved Rock State Park, Femora devoid of spines; pronotum and Urbana, Warren, White Pines Forest State scutellum coarsely and closely punctate, a Park, Zion. callous median line evident; first antennal segment thickly clothed with long pubes- Stenodema Laporte cence, second segment with short pubescence only. General color yellowish to KEY TO SPECIES greenish with fuscous markings; dorsum with a median pale stripe and fuscous areas Hind femora with three strong spines on on either side extending from tylus back apical half of posterior margin, fig. 146. over pronotum, scutellum and hemelytra; trispinosum, p. 130 clavus and inner half of corium dark fuscous Hind femora without spines

to blackish in male ; antennae reddish, in vicinum, p. 130 dark specimens dusky red. Food Plants. Occurs on grasses in — Stenodema trispinosum Reuter — moist meadows; adults hibernate. S Stenodema trispinosum Reuter (1904, pp. 4, Known Distribution.—This is a com- 8). mon species in the eastern United States and Adults.—Length 7.00-7.50, width 1.70. Canada. General color pale yellowish to greenish; Illinois Records.—Fifty-two males, 35 hemelytra sometimes bright green; mem- females and 2 nymphs, taken April 26 to brane pale, veins green. Dorsum clothed Nov. 26, are from Algonquin, Amboy, Apple September, 1941 KxiGHT: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 131

River Canyon State Park, Argo, Bowman- Ostiolar peritreme prominent, fig. 148, ville, Chicago, Elizabeth, Fort Sheridan, its dorsal margin extending well Galesburg, Geneseo, Ingleside, Lake Villa, above ventral margin of mesepime- Normal, Oquawka, Palos Park, Port Byron, ron; dorsum frequently punctate; Riverside, Roby, Rockford, Savanna, Ur- pronotal collar not so broad and

~~bana, Waukegan, White Pines Forest State prominent as above. . .Capsini, p. 136 Park. RESTHENINI Mesomiris Reuter KEY TO GENERA No Illinois species; Alesomiris curtulus~~

Reuter is known from Colorado eastward Stricture of pronotal collar joining base of to Pennsylvania and Connecticut. It has coxal cleft, fig. 147; head oblique as not yet been collected in Illinois, but should viewed from side; gula rather long, ob- be found here eventually. lique Opistheuria, p. 131 Stricture of pronotal collar interrupted at CAPSINAE side, not joining directly with base of coxal cleft, fig. 149; head short, vertical; KEY TO TRIBES gula short, scarcely apparent Platytylellus, p. 132

1. Elongate antlike species, figs. 180, 181; abdomen constricted at base; lateral Opistheuria Reuter margins of pronotum indistinct, more or less sinuate; emboliar margins of Opistheuria clandestina Van Duzee hemelytra recurved ventrad Opistheuria clandestina Van Duzee (1915, Myrmecorini, p. 209 p. 110 j. Not antlike, figs. 154, 155; abdomen Male.—Length 7.00, width 2.80. Head not distinctly constricted at base; width 1.30, vertex 0.61. Rostrum, length pronotum with lateral margins dis- 1.90, reaching to middle of intermediate tinct, frequently finely carinate; coxae. Antennae black; first segment, length hemelytra with emboliar margins 1.08, slender, 0.13 thick, clothed with long, straight or slightly arcuate, not re- suberect, fuscous hairs; second, length 2.20, curved ventrad 2 cylindrical; third, 1.70; fourth, 1.08. Pro- notum, length 1.43, width at base 2.20. Em- boliar margins distinctly arcuate on apical half. Clothed with erect, rather short, pale pubescence, longer and more fuscous on legs and antennae. Color orange red; antennae, front and tylus, all but central area of disk 148 PER/TREMC LARGE ^^.^'^^i'^^ALMOST of scutellum, all but outer margins of hem- 147 elytra, and genital segment, black; legs Fig, 147.—Thorax of black; coxae reddish; femora more or less Opistheuria clandestina. pale at base. Fig. 148.—Thorax of Female.—Length 7.10, width 3.00. More LygHS oblineatiis. robust than male, but very similar in color Fig. 149.—Pro tho- and pubescence. rax ot Platytylellus fra- 149 terniis. All our Illinois specimens but one have the pronotal disk variously marked with black and are referable to the variety dor- 2. Ostiolar peritreme small, indistinct, fig. salis Knight (1918^, p. the exception 147, its dorsal margin scarcely ex- 115); tending dorsad as tar as ventral mar- is the single female from West Pullman gin of mesepimeron; body impunc- which has the venter more or less fuscous tate; pronotal collar broad, strongly or black and belongs to the varietv ventralis convex, mesal length of collar usually Knight (1918./, p. 115). as great as width of calli Habits.—Occurs on willow {Salix sp.) Resthenini, p. 131 and beans {Phaseolus spp.). History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. I 132 Illinois Natural

Known Distribution.—Florida, Illinois, black spreads to cover all but nar- Louisiana, Minnesota, New York, North row area along lateral margins; lat- Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Ontario, Wis- teral margins of hemelytra frequent- consin. ly red or pale 8 Illinois Records.—Golconda: June 22, Male without tubercle near base of genital clasper; both sexes usu- 1932, on Salix sp., Ross, Dozier & Park, left \$. Grand Detour: June 27, 1906, on ally with pronotal disk black; fre- 30, 1909, sweeping quently pronotal disk red and with willow, 1 <5 , 2 5 ; June black, but, in that case, red color 24, 1905, 2 ^ : Aug. 26, grass, 1 $ ; July present along median line, thus 1889, C. A. Hart, 2$. West Pullman: fm. leaving a black ray present on either July 10, 1910, A. B. Wolcott, 1 $ , side; these rays may be reduced to spots near basal margin; lateral mar- Platytylellus Reuter gins of hemelytra sometimes red, case, median line KEY TO SPECIES but, in that of pronotum red with a black vitta on either side 11 1. Length of first antennal segment less than width of vertex 2 8. Hemelytra uniformly black

~~Length of first antennal segment equal . . .fraternus var. fraternus, p. 134~~

to or greater than width of vertex . . 4 Hemelytra with lateral margins pale or red 9 2. Pronotal disk without median red vitta; length of first antennal seg- 9. Scutellum uniformly bright red ment twice lateral width of an eye. fraternus var. regalis, p. 134 nigricollis, p. 133 Scutellum black 10

~~Pronotal disk with median red vitta 10. CalH black frater- area on that extends to join red nus var. rubromarginatus, p. 134 scutellum 3 Calli red~~

~~3. Hemelytra uniformly black; scutellum fraternus var. discifer, p. 134~~

red; 'length 5.00-5.30 11. Hemelytra with red lateral margins; rubrovittatus, p. 133 pronotal disk red at median line, Hemelytra with lateral margins pale thus leaving a black or fuscous vitta to orange colored; commissure pale; at either side; vitta sometimes re- scutellum black with a broad, red duced to a black spot near basal line; length 6.20-6.60 median margin circumcinctus, p. 135 zonatus, p. 133 Hemelytra uniformly black 12

4. Pronotum yellow to orange yellow. . . 5 12. Length of first antennal segment Pronotum red, or red with black, or equal to width of vertex plus one- chiefly black 7 third dorsal width of an eye; length 5. Scutellum black; male genital seg- 7.90 rubellicollis, p. 136 ment with a prominent tubercle at Length of first antennal segment only

base of each clasper, as in fig. 150. . slightly greater than width of ver- nigroscutellatus, p. 134 tex, less than width of vertex plus Scutellum orange yellow; male genital one-third dorsal width of an eye; segment without tubercles 6 length 7.70, or less 13

6. Width of pronotal collar slightly 13. Head black, basal margin of vertex greater than width of head; length with a narrow red line; pronotal 8.70 insitivus var. insitivus, p. 133 collar red, with usually a black area Width of pronotal collar less than above; base of venter red beneath;

width of head; length 6.80-8.00. . . gula never red; surface coarsely insitivus var. angusticoUis, p. 133 granulate borealis, p. 136 7. Male with a prominent lateral tuber- Head red, tylus and variable areas on cle near base of left genital clasper, juga and lora black; surface very fig. 150; both sexes with pronotal finely granulate 14 disk uniformly red, or red and black; 14. Venter black, with not more than a in latter case, black always present red tinge at base; scutellum red, along median line, but sometimes lateral margins black; pronotal disk —

~~September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 133~~

cept tylus, collar, xyphus, and sides of pro- with a broad central red area, this area not forming a clearly defined notum, scutellum except basal angles, ster- vitta; length 6.70-7.50 num except cloud on either side of median line, pleura, venter except beneath genital insignis, p. 135 on Venter red; scutellum black; basal segment, red; legs black; coxae and basal half of pronotal disk black; length one-third of hind femora pale to red. 5.10-5.80 fraterculus, p. 136 Female.—Length 6.40, width 2.60; very similar to male in color, pubescence and Platytylellus rubrovittatus (Stal) surface granulation. Known Distributio n.—Connecticut, Resthenia rubrovittata Stal (1862, p. 318). Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Massachusetts, New Male.—Length 5.00, width 1.70; embo- Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, liar margins moderately arcuate; surface Ontario, Pennsylvania, Texas, Virginia. distinctly granulate. Head width 1.08, ver- Illinois Records. Antioch : July 5-7, tex 0.51. Antennae, first segment, length 1932, T. H. Frison et al.. 1

color black ; head except tylus and eyes, basal Platytylellus zonatus Knight segment of rostrum, pronotum except a flaring ray extending from callus to basal Platytylellus zonatus Knight (1926/?, p. 254). margin on either side of disk, scutellum, Male.—Length 6.20, width 2.40. Head mesoscutum except outer angles, sternum width 1.26, vertex 0.68. Rostrum, length except cloud on either side, pleura, venter 2.20, just attaining bases of hind coxae. except vagina exterior, coxae, femora ex- Antennae, first segment, length 0.58; second, area at base and apical one- cept narrow 2.00; third, 1.46; fourth, 0.77. Pronotum, third, red or orange red. length 1.31, width at base 2.10. General Female.—Length 5.30, width 2.00; very color black; vertex except for lunate marks, similar to in coloration; second an- male lower half of face except tylus and apex of tennal segment slightly more slender and lora, collar, lateral margins and median line less cylindrical. of pronotum, and median one-third of scutel- Host Plant.—Collected on willow lum, orange red ; embolium and narrow out- {Salix sp.). er margin of corium, outer half of cuneus, Distribution. Originally de- Known — and commissure of hemelytra, orange col- scribed a single specimen with from male ored. Variable areas on pleura and sides of the locality given as "boreal America." Now venter orange obscured with blackish. Fe- known from Nova Scotia southward to mora yellowish to orange, with anterior and Florida to and westward Texas. posterior faces obscured with fuscous. Body Illinois Records.—Aldridge: Aug. 11, surface covered with fine granules, and 1891, sweepings, Mississippi bottoms, Hart thickly clothed with fine, short, yellowish to & Shiga, 1 i . Golconda: June 22, 1932, fuscous pubescence. Genital segment with- on Salix sp., Ross, Park, Dozier & 5^,3$. out tubercles. Grand Tower: July 12, 1909, on willow, Female.—Length 6.60, width 2.60. Slight- 1^. Karnak: 10, 1935, DeLong & July ly more robust than male, but very similar

Ross, 1 . Urbana: Aug. 17, 1916, 1 . S S in coloration and pubescence. Known Distribution.— Illinois, Mani- Platytylellus nigricollis (Reuter) toba, Michigan, Minnesota, North Dakota, Wisconsin. Resthenia nigricollis Reuter (1876, p. 65). Illinois Records.—Antioch: July 5-7, Male.—Length 6.00, width 2.30. Head 1932, T. H. Frison et al.. 3 i . width 1.14. vertex 0.66, lateral width of eye 0.28. Rostrum, length 2.20, reaching to middle of hind coxae. Antennae, first seg- Platytylellus insitivus (Say) ment, length 0.58; second, 1.76; third, 1.14; Capsus insitivus Say (1832, p. 21; 1859, p. fourth, 0.90. Pronotum, length 1.04, width 340). at base 1.82. Surface rather coarsely and Male.—Length 8.70, width 3.60. Gen- thickly granulate, clothed with short, black eral color black, pronotum and scutellum pubescence. General color black; head ex- orange yellow; surface very finely granulate, —

~~134 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22. Art. 1~~

of opaque, with short pubescence ; width of inent hairs, length many hairs exceeding collar greater than width of head. Head thickness of segment; spines not evident. width 1.36. vertex 0.81. Width of collar Venter black, with a velvety luster; clothed 1.40. Rostrum, length 2.40, attaining tips with erect, fine, dusky pubescence. of middle coxae. Antennae, first segment Female.—Length 9.70, width 3.50. Very length 1.07; second, 3.00, nearly cylindrical, similar to male in form and color. length of hairs not equal to thickness of Known Distribution.—Illinois, Michi- segment; third, 1.98; fourth, 0.94. Prono- gan, New York, North Carolina, Pennsyl- tum, length 1.73, width at base 2.77 vania. Female.—Length 8.70, width 3.50; very Illinois Record.—Heyworth: Aug. 14,

1 similar to male in form and coloration. 1909, A. B. Wolcott, 9 , fm. The single male from Palos Park, listed below, which is smaller in size and has the Platytylellus fraternus Knight width of the head greater than the width of the collar, belongs to the variety angusti- Platytylellus fraternus Knight (1923//, p. 557). collis Knight (1923J, p. 556). It may prove The color pattern of this form is sugges- to be biologically distinct from the typical tive of that of confraternus (Uhler), but form. Known Distribution. — Connecticut, this is larger, and the length of the first antennal segment is equal to the width of the Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, New Jer- vertex plus one-half the dorsal width of an ""Cy, New York, Ontario, Pennsylvania. eye. Illinois Records. Galena: June 27, Male.—Length 9.40, width 3.50. Head 1 1928, T. H. Prison, $ ; June 30, 1932, Dozier & Mohr, 2$. Galesburg: June width 1.56, vertex 0.86; red, with tylus, front and vertex chiefly black. Rostrum, 21, 1892, Stromberg, 2$ ; June 27, 1893, length 2.85, reaching to middle of hind Stromberg, 2 $ . Hardin : June 5-9, 1932, coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 1.06; H. L. Dozier, 2 (? , 2 $ . Palos Park: June second, 3.23, thickest near base and tap- 19, 1933, Ross & Mohr, 1 £ . Rock Island: ering to become more slender at apex, 1880, 1 2 . Willow Springs: July 12, 1903, clothed with short, stiff, black hairs and 1 W. J. Gerhard, $ , FM. fine pubescence, length of longest hairs not exceeding thickness of segment; third, 1.71; Platytylellus nigroscutellatus Knight fourth, 1.28. Pronotum, length 1.74, width

Platytylellus nigroscutellatus Knight (1923d, at base 2.92, collar 1.31 ; surface very 557)'. p. slightly shining, thickly clothed with short, Male.—Length 9.20, width 3.70. Head pale pubescence; red, with dorsal area of width 1.71, vertex 0.94; black with gula, collar, calli except at outer angles, and a genae, bucculae, and margins of lora and broad band extending to basal margin of juga, orange yellow. Rostrum black, length disk, black. Scutellum black; sternum 3.10, extending slightly beyond hind margins blackish, median line red; pleura red or of middle coxae. Antennae black ; first seg- becoming dusky. Hemelytra with emboliar ment, length 1.19, clothed with erect, al- margins only slightly arcuate ; black, opaque, most pilose hairs, length of hairs not ex- surface somewhat scabriculous, clothed with ceeding thickness of segment; second, 3.43, cylindrical, strongly pubescent, a few erect hairs near base as long as thickness of segment; third, 1.66; fourth, 0.94. Pronotum, length 1.89, width at base 2.94, collar 1.36; uniformly orange yellow, finely granulate, clothed with short, erect, pale pubescence. Scutellum black; sternum blackish; pleura orange yellow, becoming fuscous on central area of metepisternum. Hemelytra, emboliar margins very slightly arcuate for most of their length; black, faintly shining, clothed with very fine, short pubescence. Fig, 150.— Male genitalia of Platytylellus Legs black; tibiae clothed with erect, prom- fraternus. — .

~~September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 135~~

~~short, dusky pubescence, hairs somewhat de- City: June 6, 1905, 1 i . Hardin: June 5-9, cumbent on apical half. Legs black, thickly 1932, H. L. Dozier, 2$. Havana: June~~

~~erect hairs. 1 clothed with prominent, Venter 3, 1918, 9 ; June 8, 1905, Devil's Hole,~~

black ; a red ; genital segment becoming 2 S ; June 23, 1926, Devil's Hole, Frison large, prominent, erect tubercle present just & Hayes, 22^, 12$. Keithsburg: June 15, 1932, on Rhus aromatica, H. L. Dozier, 22 5, 7$. Makanda: June 26, 1909,

~~sweepings, 1 $ . Normal: 1 i .~~

~~Platytylellus circumcinctus (Say)~~

Capsus circumcinctus Sav (1832, p. 23; 1859, p. 343). Male.—Length 7.10, width 2.70. Head width 1.28, vertex 0.71. Antennae, first segment, length 0.77; second, 2.34; third, 1.54; fourth, 0.95. Head red, with front and tylus blackish and juga and lora more or less black; pronotum red; calli blackish, a flaring black ray located behind each callus and extending to basal margin of disk; scutellum and mososcutum red, basal angles black; pleura red; sternum reddish, but becoming blackish on either side of median line; hemelytra black; embolium, outer margin of corium and cuneus red; legs black, tinged with reddish near bases of femora; venter chiefly red with genital segment and variable areas at sides black. Female.—Length 7.40, width 2.70. More Fig. 151.— Platytylellus Jraternus, 9. robust than male, but very similar in coloration. above base of left genital clasper, and an- Known Distribution.—Originally de- other, smaller tubercle directed distad from scribed from Indiana, and now known from near base of right clasper, fig. 150. District of Columbia, Illinois, Maine, Mas- Female.—Fig. 151. Length 9.10, width sachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, 3.50. Pronotum, length 1.52, width at base New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, 2.64. Similar to male in form and color. Virginia. This species varies greatly in color, and Illinois Records. — Dolson : June 25, many color combinations have been given 1932, Rocky Branch, Frison & Mohr, 1 $ . varietal names. typical form va- The and Oakwood: June 16, 1925, T. H. Frison, riety rubromarginatus Knight (1923^/, p. u. 558) have been recognized in Illinois material; varieties regalis Knight {\92id, p. Platytylellus insignis (Say) 559) and discifer Knight {\92id, p. 559) have not. Capsus insignis Sav (1832, p. 22; 1859, p. Host Plant.—Apparently breeds on su- 342). mach {Rhus aromatica) Male.—Length 6.70, width 2.60. Head Known Distribution. — Connecticut, width 1.19, vertex 0.67. Antennae, first seg- District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, ment, length 0.74; second, 2.20; third, 1.54; Illinois, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, fourth, 0.97. General color black, opaque; New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, finely granulate; head red, tylus and vari- North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, able areas on juga and lora blackish; pro- Virginia, West Virginia. notum red, basal half of disk largely black- Illinois Records. Bishop: June 23, ish, but broad central area of disk red, this

~~1 1 . not forming a clearly defined vitta; 1906, 5 , $ Bluff Springs: June 10, red area~~

~~lateral margins blackish ; ven- 1932, Ross & Mohr, A$ , 10 $ . Forest scutellum red, 136 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1~~

ter black with not more than a red tinge CAPSINI at base. Female.—Length 7.60, width 2.80. Larg- KEY TO GENERA er and more robust than male, but very 1. Pronotum punctate, sometimes only similar in coloration. Known Distribution.—Common over very finely punctate but usually distinctly so; strongly shining, calli the eastern United States.

~~usually prominent, figs. 152, 153. . 2 Illinois Record.—West Pullman: July Pronotum impunctate, or with fine 13, 1902, W. J. Gerhard, 1 9 , fm. aciculate punctures only 11~~

~~Platytylellus fraterculus Knight~~

Platytylelliis insi^riis Jraterculus Knight (1923^; p. 554). Male.—Length 5.10, width 1.90. Head width 1.00, vertex 0.51; red, tylus blackish. Rostrum, length 1.69, black, basal segment red. Antennae, first segment, length 0.51; second, 1.90; third, 1.43; fourth, 0.80. Pro- notum, length 0.90, width at base 1.60; bright red; disk black from just behind calli to basal margin and with a very slight in- 1525 dication of median vitta. Scutellum black; Fig. 152.— J, head and pronotum of Neoly- sternum and pleura red. Hemelytra black, gus invitus; B, head and pronotum of Lygus very slightly shining; thickly clothed with oblineatus. fine dusky pubescence, hairs recumbent on Fig. 153.—Head and pronotum of Neoborus glaber. apical half. Legs black with red coxae. Venter uniformly red and genital claspers 2. Second antennal segment clavate, fig. black. 154; juga tumidly convex; vertex Female. Length 5.60, width 2.00. Slight- — broad, transversely striolate on ly larger and more robust than male, but either side near eyes; short oval, similar in coloration. convex, chiefly black species Known Distribution. — Illinois, Indi- Capsus, p. 138 ana, Michigan, Minnesota, Ontario, Penn- Second antennal segment linear or sylvania, Wisconsin. practically so, fig. 155 3 Illinois Record.—Northern Illinois: 3. Pronotum punctate between calli and Bolter, 1 $ . posterior to collar 4 Pronotum impunctate between calli Platytylellus borealis Knight and posterior to collar 6 4. Lateral margins of pronotum not cari- Platytylellus borealis Knight (1923^, 553). p. nate; form more elongate and sub- Not taken in Illinois; known from Al- parallel Xenoborus, p. 143 berta, Maine, Manitoba, Michigan, Min- Lateral margins of pronotum carinate nesota, New York, North Dakota, Ontario, or at least with a calloused line; Vermont. form ovoid 5

5. First antennal segment distinctly Platytylellus rubellicollis Knight thicker than second segment and both segments black; body color Platytylellus rubellicollis Knight~ (1923^, ^p. red and black 555). Tropidosteptes, p. 139 Not taken in Illinois; known from Brit- First antennal segment slender, ish Columbia, Maine, Michigan, Minne- scarcely equaling thickness of sec- sota, Nebraska. Nymphs and adults of this ond segment at apex; if body col- species have been collected on the figwort ored reddish, first and second an- {Scrophularia leporella), but it has not been tennal segments pale or yellowish. . proved that this plant is normally their host. Neoborus p. 139 September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 137

~~6. First and second antennal segments Second antennal segment linear, or thickly clothed with heavy black only very slightly thickened at tip,~~

~~pubescence, fig. 155; large red fig.'l68.! 14~~

~~species, length 8.00 14. Hind femora long, extending much be- Coccobaphes, p. 138 yond tip of abdomen, and flattened, First antennal segment more sparsely broadest before middle and more~~

clothed with pale pubescence, fig. slender at apex, fig. 177 7 156; size less than 7.50 Phytocoris, p. 184 7. Pronotum with lateral margins sharp- Hind femora shorter, not or scarcely ly angulate, carinate near posterior extending beyond tip of abdomen,

~~.' angle; body red and black, fig. 159. fig. 169 15~~

~~Neocapsus, p. 147 15. First segment of hind tarsus dis- Pronotum with lateral margins round- tinctly longer than third~~

~~ed or angulate, but not carinate. . . 8 Stenotus, p. 175 8. Rostrum extending to fourth or filth First segment of hind tarsus shorter abdominal sternite; dorsum glab- than third 16~~

~~rous Platylygus, p. 147 16. Dorsal surface distinctly pubescent,~~

~~' Rostrum rarely extending beyond tips dull, fig. 166 17 of hind coxae; if so, then dorsum Dorsal surface glabrous, highly pol-~~

~~distinctly pubescent 9 ished, fig. 167 20~~

9. Pronotum very finely punctate, fig. 17. Body above and below clothed with \S1A\ body integument more thinly silky or woolly pubescence chitinized, more fragile Polymerus, p. 166 Neolygus, p. 154 Body clothed only with simple pubes- Pronotum coarsely, or at least dis- cence, never woolly 18 tinctly punctate, fig. 1525; body 18. Head broad, eyes practically in con- integument heavily chitinized 10 tact with pronotal angles, hind 10. Second antennal segment distinctly margins of eyes somewhat flattened more slender at base, fig. 162; lat- and forming an arcuate line with eral margins of pronotum angulate. base of vertex, fig. 166 Lygus, p. 148 Dichrooscytus, p. 165 Second antennal segment cylindrical, Head not unusually broad, eyes con- scarcely more slender at base, fig. vex behind and well removed from 158; lateral margins ot pronotum pronotal angles, fig. 168 19 rounded Lygidea, p. 145 19. Thickness of fourth antennal segment 11. First antennal segment thickened, almost equal to that of base of clothed with numerous flattened second segment; mesal length of hairs, fig. 172. .Neurocolpus, p. 181 collar subequal to thickness of First antennal segment devoid of fourth antennal segment, fig. 168. . flattened hairs, fig. 170 12 Adeiphocoris, p. 174 12. Pronotum with two subexcavated, Fourth antennal segment distinctly dull, black spots situated behind thinner than base of second seg-

~~the callosities, fig. 170; first anten- ment; mesal length of collar dis- nal segment clothed with long black tinctly greater than thickness of~~

. 137 hairs and setae fourth segment. . .Calocoris, p. Paracalocoris, p. 176 20. Rostrum short, scarcely surpassing Pronotum without black spots, or anterior coxae with only superficial ones, and with Poecilocapsus, p. 172 first antennal segment without Rostrum longer, at least reaching prominent, long, black setae; length posterior margins of middle coxae. . of hairs on first antennal segment Horcias, p. 172 rarely exceeding thickness of segment 13 Calocoris Fieber 13. Second antennal segment thickened;

~~somewhat spindle shaped, fig. 171 No Illinois species; Calocoris norvegicus Garganus, p. 181 (Gmelin) is a European species now known .~~

~~138 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1~~

from Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, coarsely, punctate ; clothed with pale to yel- New Jersey, New York, Nova Scotia, Que- lowish pubescence. bec, where it occurs on grasses. Female.—Fig. 154. Length 5.80, width 3.10. Very similar to male in color, pubes- Capsus Fabricius cence and punctation. The typical form of this species has KEY TO SPECIES black legs, variety tyrannus (Fabricius) (1794, p. 177) has yellow brown or reddish Second antennal segment strongly clavate legs, and variety semiflavus (Linnaeus) on apical half, thickness nearly twice (1767, p. 725) has the legs, head and pro- that of first segment, fig. 154 notum reddish. All three forms and their ater, p. 138 intergrades have been taken together in Second antennal segment only moderately Illinois. All Illinois specimens with the red- clavate on apical half, thickness only dish head and pronotum are females. slightly greater than that of first seg- Food Plants.—Canada bluegrass {Poa ment simulans, p. 138 compressa) , couch grass {Agropyron rep-

~~ens) ; occasionally other grasses, such as Capsus ater (Linnaeus) timothy {Phleiim pratense)~~

Cimex ater Linnaeus (1758, p. 447). Known Distribution.—This European Male.—Length 5.70, width 2.60. Head species is common throughout the eastern width 1.43, vertex 0.75. Antennae, first seg- United States and Canada. ment, length 0.65, thickness 0.13; second. Illinois Records.—One hundred fifteen males, 67 females and 1 nymph, taken May 13 to Aug. 12, are from Algonquin, Amboy, Antioch, Aurora, Bloomington, Chicago, Des Plaines, East Dubuque, Edgebrook, Eliza- beth, Erie, Fort Sheridan, Frankfort, Free- port, Galena, Galesburg, Glendon Park, Glen EUyn, Grayslake, Harvard, Havana, Joliet, Monticello, Normal, Oregon, Palos Park, Pecatonica, Rock Island, Savanna, Starved Rock State Park, Urbana, Willow Springs.

~~Capsus simulans (Stal)~~

~~Deraeocoris simulans Stal (1858, p. 186).~~

~~This species is distinguished from ater~~

~~(Linnaeus) by its more slender second an-~~

tennal segment. It is a palearctic form that feeds on brome grass (Bromus inermis) and has been found in Alaska, Alberta, Iowa, Minnesota, Montana, South Dakota, Wyoming. Not as yet found in Illinois, but

~~it should be taken here eventually.~~

~~Coccobaphes Uhler~~

~~Coccobaphes sanguinareus Uhler~~

Fig. \S^.— Capsus ater, 9. Coccobaphes sanguinareus Uhler (1878, p. 401). L86, strongly clavate, greatest thickness Adults.—Fig. 155. Length 7.50, width 0.22; third, 0.73, slender; fourth, 0.91. Pro- 3.40. General color bright red with a dusky notum, length 1.21, width at base 2.03. Head space either side of hemelytral commissure; and body uniformly black, moderately shin- membrane, first two segments of antennae, ing; the pronotum shallowly, but rather tibiae, and apices of tarsi, black; third an- September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 139

tennal segment pale ; fourth segment fuscous. of ash; occurs most frequently on young Food Plants.—Sugar maple {Acer sac- trees. tharurn) and occasionally red maple {A. Known Distribution. — Connecticut, Florida, Illinois, Iowa, Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania, Texas, Vermont. Illinois Records.—Dubois: May 14,

~~1916, 1 $ ; May 15, 1916, 2$ ; May 21,~~

~~1917, , ; May 23, 1917, 1 , a 59 <5 2$ ;~~

~~May 24, 1917, 1 $ . Frankfort: June 8,~~

~~1933, Mohr & Townsend, 4~~

~~May 29, 1936, Ross & Mohr, 1 9 • Urbana:~~

~~June 3, 1906, on elder, 1 9 .~~

~~Neoborus Renter~~

~~KEY TO SPECIES~~

~~1. Dorsum practically glabrous 2 Dorsum strongly pubescent 8~~

2. Rostrum attaining hind margins of middle coxae; a black line bordering outer margin of radius and curving mesad across apical area of corium palmeri, p. 141 Rostrum not extending beyond posterior margin of mesosternum 3

3. Antennae very dark brown; scutellum Fig. 155.— Coccobaphes sangninareHS. dark brown, basal angles pale; hemelytra dark brown to pitch black, rubrum) ; breeds most abundantly on sec- pale or yellowish at base of corium ond growth or young trees. and embolium and on areas extend- Known Distribution. — Connecticut, ing along radius glaber, p. 140 Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maine, Massachu- First antennal segment pale, rarely setts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hamp- somewhat dusky 4 shire, New Jersey, New York, North Caro- 4. Dorsum uniformly black with cuneus lina, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania, Tennes- pale, except apically, and mem- see, Vermont, Wisconsin. brane black; sometimes with a Illinois Records.—Nine males and 7 fe- small pale spot at base of corium. . males, taken May 24 to Aug. 9, are from geminus, p. 140 Carbondale, Champaign, Elizabethtown, Dorsum more or less pale, frequently Hardin, Herod, Makanda, Urbana. marked with red; scutellum usually with some pale or yellow, but, if Tropidosteptes Uhler black, then membrane and cuneus pale 5 Tropidosteptes cardinalis Uhler 5. Chiefly pale, with apical area ot corium reddish Tropidosteptes cardinalis Uhler (1878, p.

404). . . . amoenus var. amoenus, p. 140 Adults.—Length 5.50, width 2.60; gen- Chiefly black or very dark brown, eral color bright red with antennae, tylus, almost black 6 legs except apices of front and middle fem- 6. Membrane slightly smoky, paler on

~~ora, space on either side of commissure area bordering apex of cuneus. . . .~~

of hemelytra, and membrane, black. . . amoenus var. scutellaris, p. 140 Food Plant.—White ash {Fraxinus Membrane entirely pale 7 americana) and occasionally other species 7. Very dark brown, almost black; lateral ,

~~140 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Fol. 22, Art. 1 — and median vittae on pronotal disk, Illinois Records. Galesburg: June 8,~~

1893, 1 . Shawneetown: May 27, 1928, all of scutellum except basal angles 9 and median line at base, and cor- T. H. Frison, 1 $ . ium, more or less pale amoenus var. signatus, p. 140 Neoborus amoenus (Reuter) Black; only cuneus and membrane Tropidosteptes amoenus Reuter (1909, p. 48). pale 140 Adults.—Length 4.30-5.00, width 2.00. . . amoenus var. atriscutis, p. General color pale yellowish, marked with 8. First antennal segment black 9 reddish and fuscous, and sometimes with First antennal segment pale 11 black pronotum with five to seven fuscous ; very dark brown on either 9. Scutellum or reddish rays, clavus and apical area of side of median line, basal angles corium marked with bright red, sometimes paler; hemelytra translucent red- tinged with fuscous ; apex of second antennal dish brown; cuneus colored similarly segment and sometimes third and fourth to corium rufusculus, p. 143 fuscous. Scutellum testaceous, sometimes The typical form of this species is mostly brownish on middle at base, never pale; darker specimens may be designated black with median line paler 10 by varietal names. Of these, amoenus sig- 10. Second antennal segment yellowish natus (Reuter) (1909, p. 49) and scutellaris brown, sometimes black near base; (Reuter) (1909, p. 49) and intergrading cuneus translucent yellowish to forms have been taken together in Illinois; brownish canadensis, p. 141 variety atriscutis Knight (1929c P- 10) has Second antennal segment uniformly not yet been taken in the state. black; cuneus clear and translucent Food Plants. — White ash {Fraxinus popiili, p. 142 americana) and red ash (F. pennsylvanica) uniformly black, cuneus 11. Dorsum especially the latter. Nymphs occur on the clear, legs pale tricolor, 143 p. trees from May to September; there are more or less pale, scutellum Dorsum apparently two broods per year. always partly yellowish 12 Known Distribution.—Common from 12. Scutellum with a median black line Texas and Kansas northward to North Da- extending from base to apex; female kota and eastward to the Atlantic Coast. with embolium and outer margin of Illinois Records.— Ninety-six males, 107 corium black and inner apical angle females and 2 nymphs, taken May 24 to of corium dull yellow brown Oct. 2, are from Antioch, Chicago, De Soto, vittiscutis, 142 p. Dubois, Elizabeth, Elizabethtown, Evanston, Scutellum yellow, sometimes dark at Gibsonia, Glen EUyn, Golconda, Harris- middle of base, but never with a burg, Havana, Iroquois, Kappa, Keithsburg, median black line; female with Monticello, Mound City, Normal, Oregon, inner apical angle of corium black Pinkstaff, Quincy, St. Joseph, Savanna, and embolium chiefly pale Shawneetown, Starved Rock State Park, pubescens, p. 141 Ullin, Urbana.

Neoborus geminus (Say) Neoborus glaber Knight Capsus geminus Say (1832, p. 24; 1859, p. 344). Neoborus glaber Knight (1923i, p. 563). Adults.—Length 4.80-5.30, width 2.20. Male.—Length 4.60, width 1.90. Prono- General color deep black, shining; legs, first tum grabrous, shining, coarsely punctate, antennal segment and base of second, and lateral margins sharply defined, but not cuneus except apex, pale; front of head prominently carinate; yellowish testaceous usually with pale marks. with a large, flaring, dark brown ray ex- Food Plant.—White ash {Fraxinus tending from each callus to posterior margin. americana). Usually occurs with amoenus Hemelytra with emboliar margin slightly (Reuter) during June. sinuate, widest behind middle; very dark Known Distribution.—Described from brown to piceous, shining, coarsely and rath- Indiana and since recognized from Illinois, er closely punctate, glabrous or with only a Ohio, Ontario, New York. minute hair set in pit of coarse punctures; September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 141

~~area at base of corium and embolium, and Aug. 1920, \ 2, W. J. Gerhard, $ , fm. areas extending for a space along radius, Elizabeth: July 7, 1917, 1 $ . Freeport:~~

yellowish ; testaceous cuneus yellowish July 4, 1917, 1 $. translucent, apical half and area extending along inner margin to basal angle, fusco- Neoborus pubescens Knight brownish. Membrane and veins uniformly

fuscous, a small pale spot bordering apex Neoborus pubescens Knight (1917f, p. 81). of cuneus. Legs pale yellowish ; femora Adults.—Length 4.60, width 1.70. Gen- with two subapical brownish bands, these eral color very dark brown marked with bands lacking on front pair. Venter yel- pale; clothed with prominent, erect pubes- lowish, two subdorsal lateral lines dark cence; more coarsely punctured than in brownish, genital segment brownish; fine, amoenus (Reuter). Pronotum, lateral mar- pale pubescence present on venter, hairs gins distinctly carinate only on anterior half; more prominent on genital segment. black with top of collar, rather wide me- Female.—Length 4.80, width 2.20. More dian stripe on disk, one and sometimes robust than male and usually with pale areas two rays behind each callus, pale yellow. broader; basal half of corium and more than Scutellum yellow, black at middle of base; basal half of cuneus yellowish. mesoscutum black; sternum and pleura Food Plant.—White ash {Fraxinus black; ostiolar peritreme pale; hemelytra

americana) ; often found associated with pale; inner half of clavus, area along claval amoenus (Reuter). A single Illinois speci- suture, large apical spot on corium and men was taken on hickory {Carya sp.). small area at edge of embolium, black; Known Distribution. — Connecticut, membrane mostly pale; in female, dark Illinois, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, New fuscous to black within cells and on areas York, North Dakota, Ohio, Ontario, South margining veins; in male, dark fuscous ex- Dakota. tending to include middle of membrane; Illinois Records.—Northern Illinois: venter black, sometimes less dark in female. \$. Champaign: June 9, 1888, at light, Food Plant.—White ash {Fraxinus

~~1 . C. A. Hart, $ Frankfort: June 8, 1933, americana) ; found developing only on~~

Mohr 1 1 . & Townsend, 2 <$ , $ Oquawka: young plants growing in the shade. June 13, 1932, on Carya sp., H. L. Dozier, Known Distribution.— Illinois, Massa- 19. Rago: May 6, 1932, swamp, H. L. chusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Dozier, \$. Urbana: May 16, 1887, C. York, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania, Quebec.

~~A. Hart, 1 $ . Illinois Record.—Palos Park: July 4,~~

1 1910, W. J. Gerhard, S , fm. Neoborus palmeri Reuter Neoborus canadensis (Van Duzee) Neoborus amoenus palmeri Reuter in Van Duzee (1908, p. 112). Tropidosteptes canadensis Van Duzee (1912, Adults.—Length 5.70, width 2.40. Gen- p. 486). eral color pale yellowish with a brown Male.—Length 4.70, width 2.00. Head shellaclike gloss; each callus with a trans- width 1.08, vertex 0.41. Antennae with first verse mark; line along lateral margin of segment black; second fusco-brownish, more pronotal disk, and usually a second one nearly black at base, pubescence dusky, cylin- parallel to it, line along outer margin of drical, constricted at base, nearly attaining radius which widens apically and crosses the thickness of first segment; third fuscous; corium to inner angle of cuneus, fuscous fourth fuscous. General color yellowish tes- to black; in pale specimens, black color taceous; clavus, apical area of corium, two showing only on corium; sides of pleura subapical bands on hind femora, and calli, frequently black ; apex of second anten- very dark brown; pronotal disk obscure nal segment and entire third and fourth brownish to fuscous on either side of me- segments fuscous to black. dian line; base of scutellum at middle Food Plant.—White ash (Fraxinus brownish, brown color somewhat notched by americana) and probably other ash trees. paler on median line; dorsum coarsely and Known Distribution.— Illinois, Minne- rather closely punctate, clothed with erect, sota, New York, South Dakota. yellowish pubescence. Illinois Records. — Beverly Hills: Female.—Length 5.30, width 2.40; more . — —

~~142 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin' J'ol. 22, Art. 1~~

robust than male; dark color more brown- and more prominent than in pubescens ish than black. Knight. General color pale to yellowish, Food Plant.—White ash {Fraxinus shaded with black; scutellum yellow, with- americana) out vitta; calli, mesoscutum, inner apical Known Distribution.— Illinois, Iowa, half of clavus, all except apex of embolium, Michifjan, Minnesota, Ohio, Pennsylvania, outer margin of corium exterior to radial Quebec, South Dakota, Texas. vein, line extending across apical area of Illinois Records. Northern Illinois: corium to inner angles, pleura, and sternum, June, 3$. Frankfort: June 8, 1933, on black. Cuneus clear; membrane and veins

Fraxinus sp., Mohr & Townsend, 7 ^ , 35 $ . very dark, almost black. Legs yellowish, Palos Park: June 19, 1909, A. B. Wolcott, apical halves of hind femora and bases of tibiae almost black. 1 i , FM. Rockford: June 11, 1933, Mohr & becoming Townsend, I9. Urbana: June 1, 1889, Female.—Fig. 156. Length 4.60, width 1

~~Neoborus populi Knight what reduced ; hind femora each with two~~

incomplete, subapical black annuli ; mem- Neoborus populi Knight {1929f, 4). p. brane fuscous to almost black. Male.—Length 4.20, width 1.70. Head Food Plant. — Cottonwood {Populus yellowish ; tylus, spot above each antennal sp.). socket, and mark either side of median line Known Distribution.—Illinois. of frons, black. Rostrum, length 1.06, nearly Illinois Records. Illinois: 1^, 3$. attaining hind margin of sternum, yellowish, . Galesburg: July 16, 1892, 2

~~apex black ; antennae pale except second~~

segment, which is reddish or dusky apically. Pronotum coarsely punctate, with an erect, pale hair arising from each puncture; black, shining, spot on median line, an indistinct ray behind each callus, and carinate lateral margin, pale. Scutellum pale with a narrow, black area at base and a median black line, median line more slender apically; mesoscutum black, clothed with pale pubes-

cence ; sternum and pleura black. Hemely- tra with emboliar margins slightly sinuate; black, shining, coarsely punctate, slightly paler and somewhat translucent along claval veins at a spot near base of corium; cuneus pale translucent, apex with a narrow fuscous area. Membrane uniformly fuscous, scarcely paler near apex of cuneus. Legs uniformly pale. Female.—Length 5.00, width 2.30. An- tennae pale. Pronotal disk yellowish testaceous with a black line bordering lateral

~~Fig. 156.— Neoborus populi, 9. carina and an indistinct, fuscous line be- — —~~

September. 1941 Kxight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 143 hind outer margin of callus. Scutellum ly and rather closely punctate, shining, colored similarly to that of male, median clothed with erect, pale yellowish pubes- black line broader near base. Hemelytra cence; brownish black; collar, median line pale testaceous with embolium and outer of disk that narrows near basal margin, margin of corium exterior to radial vein spot behind outer angle of each callus, and black and tip of embolium pale; membrane slender basal margin, yellowish testaceous; pale, areoles except small spot near basal carinate lateral margins of disk only mod- angle of cuneus, veins, and area bordering erately distinct, slightly more sulcate than areoles, dark fuscous. Alore robust than in canadensis (Van Duzee). Scutellum male and with pale areas broader. coarsely punctate, clothed with erect, yellowish Food Plant.—Ash {Fraxinus sp.). pubescence ; brownish black, median line Known Distribution.—District of Co- and basal angles paler; mesoscutum brown- lumbia, Illinois, Maryland, Mississippi, ish with prominent pubescence. Sternum Missouri, Virginia. brownish black, median line yellowish, Illinois Records.—Darwin: July 23, pleura blackish, clothed with prominent pu- 1932, on Fraxinus americana, Dozier & bescence; ostiolar peritreme pale. Hemely-

~~Park, 1 9. Elizabethtown : June 22-24, tra, emboliar margins nearly straight, but~~

1932, on Fraxinus americana, Ross, Dozier curved at each end ; reddish brown, trans & Park, 15,29. Hardin: June 5-9, 1932, lucent, darker on clavus bordering scutellum and on Fraxinus americana, H. L. Dozier, 5 $ , commissure; rather coarsely and closely 39. Harrisburg: June 25, 1932, on punctate, shining, clothed with prominent,

Fraxinus americana, Ross, Dozier & Park, erect, yellowish pubescence ; cuneus reddish 19. Karnak: June 23, 1932, on Fraxi- brown, translucent, scarcely paler at base. nus americana, Ross, Dozier & Park, 2 9 . Membrane and veins fusco-brownish, a Lilly: June 11. 1914, Mackinaw River, small pale spot bordering apex of cuneus. 15,19. Willow Springs: June 27, 1909, Legs yellowish; apical half of hind femora,

~~1 somewhat A. B. Wolcott, i , FM. on apex of middle pair, base of tibiae and somewhat on middle of hind Neoborus tricolor (Van Duzee) pair, blackish; apices of tarsi fuscous. Ven-~~

ter blackish ; ventral surface except on geni- Tropidosteptes tricolor Van Duzee (1912, tal segment, yellowish pubescence ; pale. p. 487j. Food Plant.—Ash {Fraxinus ameri- Adults.—Length 5.70, width 2.80. An- cana). tennae pale, second segment pale with apex Known Distribution.— Illinois, Minne- fuscous. Dorsum rather coarsely punc- sota, Mississippi, New York, Texas. tured, with an erect, prominent, pale hair Illinois Record. White Pines For- arising from each puncture. General color est State Park: June 4, 1933, Ross & black with rostrum except apex, legs, ostio- Townsend, 1 $ . lar peritreme, and cuneus, pale; front of head reddish to brownish. Xenoborus Renter Known Distribution.—Described from New Jersey, and since recognized only from KEY TO SPECIES Illinois, Indiana, Mississippi, Missouri.

~~Illinois Records. Urbana: Aug. 9, 1. Membrane pale or, if fuscous, paler on~~

~~1920, J. R. Malloch, 1 $ . Vienna: June middle 2~~

~~14, 1934, DeLong & Ross, 1 9 . Membrane uniformly fuscous or black . 3~~

2. Dorsum uniformly pale greenish yellow, Neoborus rufusculus Knight fuscous along commissure of hemelytra; length 6.40 Neoborus rufusculus Knight (\923d, p. 564). commissuralis, p. 144 Adults.—Length 4.60, width 1.86. Gen- Dorsum with black areas broader; calli, eral color of head yellowish; tylus, median spot either side of median line on line of front and joining arc above, and pronotal disk, clavus except along juga except sutural margins, blackish. An- claval vein, and spot on apical area tennae, first segment black; second fusco- of corium, very dark fuscous, almost blackish ; third and fourth fuscous. Prono- black; membrane fuscous, with an tum, length 0.94, width at base 1.69; coarse- oval spot on middle of apical halt; —

~~Art. 1 144 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Fol. 22,~~

within areoles, distinctly paler; Xenoborus neglectus Knight length 5.00 plagifer, p. 144 Xenoborus neglectus Knight (191 7f, p. 82). uniformly pale; femora 3. Posterior tibiae Male.—Length 5.40, width 2.10. Gen- rarely near apex; pale or only dusky eral color black with pale areas; antennae basal half of corium embolium and almost black, paler on base of first segment;

. .neglectus, 144 pale in both sexes. p. head with lower half of face fuscous; front Posterior tibiae fuscous, almost black pale, flecked with reddish; carina and a near base; posterior femora black small median dash at middle of vertex al- apically or with dark color forming most black. Pronotum not carinate, punc- two bands; embolium and basal halt tation and pubescence nearly as in plagifer of corium pale in some female speci- (Reuter); collar and large median spot mens pettiti, p. 145 or ray on disk white or pale yellow; pale ray extending from outer angle of callus Xenoborus commissuralis Reuter

Xenoborus commissuralis Reuter in Van Duzee (1908, p. 112j. Adults.—Length 6.40, width 2.30. Gen- eral color uniformly pale greenish, becoming yellowish after death ; antennae, a narrow streak along commissure of hemelytra, tips of tarsi, and tip of rostrum, very dark fuscous, almost black; membrane pale translucent; brachium and a streak beyond apex of larger areole dusky. Food Plant.—Black ash {Fraxinus nigra) ; occurs during July and August. Known Distribution.— Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, New York, Nova Scotia, On- tario, Quebec. Illinois Records. Northern Illinois: NEGLECTUS

1 6 . 4 $ . Galesburg: July 16, 1892, 2 $ . Fig. 157.— Male left genital claspers of Xenoborus. Xenoborus plagifer (Reuter) along lateral margin of disk to basal angle: Tropidosteptes plagifer Reuter (1909, p. 51). scutellum pale yellowish, mesocutum almost Adults.—Length 5.00, width 1.90. Gen- black. Hemelytra very dark brown, almost eral color pale yellowish testaceous; anten- black; embolium, basal angle of corium and nae, calli, male usually with a spot either cuneus, pale translucent; membrane uni- side of median line on pronotal disk, clavus formly fuscous. Legs pale yellowish; hind except claval vein, and spot on apical area femora sometimes dusky near apices, but of corium, very dark brown, almost black; never distinctly banded. Claspers as in fig. scutellum yellow; membrane fuscous, with 157. an oval spot on middle of apical half, Female.—Membrane slightly paler on and area within areoles, distinctly paler; middle; a black ray present behind each female with pale areas broader, infuscation callus; lateral margin and basal angle of on apical half of membrane forming a ray disk remaining yellowish. at either side behind areoles. Male clas- Food Plants.—Occurs during June and pers as in fig. 157. probably breeds on black ash {Fraxinus Food Plant.—Black ash (Fraxinus ni- nigra). Found on pignut {Carya glabra) gra) ; occurs during August and September. in Illinois. Known Distribution.—Illinois, Minne- Known Distribution.—Illinois, Michi- sota, New York. Ontario, Wisconsin. gan, New- York, Ohio, Ontario. Illinois Records. Northern Illinois: Illinois Record.—East Dubuque: June

~~2 <^ , 6 9 . Galesburg: Sept. 12, 1888, 2 i , 1, 1933, on Carva glabra, Ross & Townsend, 29. 2^.89. . . .~~

~~September, 1941 Kxight: Plaxt Bugs, or IVIiridae, of Illinois 145~~

Xenoborus pettiti (Reuter) 4. Color orange red with basal margin of pronotum and variable areas of Tropidosleptes pettiti Reuter 50). (1909, p. outer margins of hemelytra fuscous Adults. Length 5.70, width 2.10. Gen- — to almost black mendax, p. 146 eral color black; scutellum yellow; some- Color chiefly tuscous to almost black times with emboHum, basal half of corium, with ground color pale to greenish, and all of cuneus except apex, pale; front never reddish obscura, p. 145 of head and pronotal disk sometimes red-

dish ; lateral margins and basal angles of Lygidea rosacea Renter disk never so pale as median line, except in teneral specimens killed before any black Lygidea riibeciila rosacea Reuter (1909, p. 46).' color develops on pronotum ; legs pale, with posterior femora almost black apically, or IVIale.—Length 6.70, width 2.00. Head with dark color forming two subapical width 1.26, vertex 0.63. Rostrum, length bands. Male claspers as in fig. 157. 1.85, reaching to middle of intermediate Food Plant.—White ash {Fraxinus coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 0.60; second, 2.10, pubescence dense and inter- americana) ; occurs during May and June. Known Distribution.—Iowa, Kansas, mixed with several erect hairs which in Minnesota and eastward. length exceed thickness of segment; third, Illinois Records.—Northern Illinois: 0.88; fourth, 0.57. Hemelytra densely clothed with closely appressed, golden yel- 1 . Algonquin: 12, 1897, 1 i June 9 ; June 29, 1907, W. A. Nason, 1^,1$. Chicago: low pubescence ; clavus and apical half of

light, 1 corium fuscous to black, basal half of corium June 5, 1908, at W. J. Gerhard, i , FM. Frankfort: June 8, 1933, Mohr & and embolium yellowish translucent. Cuneus Townsend, 4$. Palos Park: June 20, red with a yellowish area at base and ex- at light, tending to middle along outer margin. 1909, W. J. Gerhard, 4 cj , fm. Female.—Length 6.50, width 2.60. Head Urbana: May 19, 1889, C. A. Hart, 1 $ ; width 1.34, vertex 0.68. Antennae, first seg- May 31, 1889, C. A. Hart, 1 $. White third, Pines Forest State Park: June 4, 1933, ment, length 0.60; second, 1.90; 0.80; fourth, 0.60. Dorsum chiefly red, although Ross & Townsend, 1 9 • in dark forms clavus and apical half of corium becoming infuscated. Lygidea Reuter Food Plant.—Sandbar willow {Salix KFA' TO SPECIES I'jngifoUa) Known Distribution. — Illinois, Iowa,

~~1 Rostrum scarcely attaining posterior Minnesota, Ohio, South Dakota. margin of intermediate coxae 2 Illinois Records.— Fifteen males and 32~~

~~Rostrum reaching to near apices of hind females, taken June 1 to July 7, are from coxae 4 Champaign, Chicago, Elizabethtown, Free-~~

2. 1-ength of first antennal segment equal port, Grand Tower, Grayslake, Iroquois, to width of vertex plus one-halt dor- Kampsville, Keithsburg, New Milford, Pike, sal width ot an eye; hemelytra with Prophetstown, Savanna, Urbana, V^ienna, pubescence chiefly suberect, set Willow Springs. moderately close; cuneus chiefly pale, red only along inner margin and at Lygidea viburni Knight apex viburni, p. 145 Length ot first antennal segment less Lygidea viburni Knight (1923d', p. 569). than or scarcely greater than width No Illinois specimens; known from ot vertex 3 Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New 3 Second antennal segment provided York. Breeds on nannyberry {Fiburnum with several erect hairs that in length lentago) exceed thickness of segment; length 6.00-6.30 rosacea, p. 145 Lygidea obscura Renter Second antennal segment provided only with short hairs that in length are Lygidea rubecula obscura Reuter (1909, p. 46). less than thickness of segment; Male.—Length 6.00, width 2.20. Smaller length 5.60-5.90 salicis, p. 146 and darker colored than rubecula (Uhler). 1; . —

~~145 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Fol. 22, Art. 1~~

General color dark fuscous to black with area bordering apex of cuneus; veins pale. ijenae, apices of juga, median line on frons, Clavus and corium clothed with pale to sil- median line and slender area along basal very, somewhat silky pubescence. Ventral margin of pronotum, lateral margins and surface white to yellowish; a broad, lateral, apical two-thirds of median line of scutel- longitudinal stripe on thoracic pleura and lum, thoracic sternum, and lower half of sides of venter, reddish brown to black. Legs abdominal venter except on genital segment, pale; hind femora with two subapical red- coxae, basal halves of femora, and tibiae ex- dish brown annuli ; tibial spines yellowish; cept base and apex, pale to yellowish ; cuneus apical segment of each tarsus fuscous. pale translucent, inner half reddish, apex Female.—Length 5.90, width 2.30. Very dark red to almost black. similar to male in color and pubescence, but Female.—Length 6.00, width 2.40; very pale area on disk of pronotum broader. similar to male, but with dark areas smaller. Food Plant.—Peach-leaved willow {Sa- General color yellowish to brownish, dark- lix amygdaloides) ened with fuscous; head yellowish with Known Distribution.— Illinois, Michi- bases of juga, and broad mark on frons gan, Minnesota, Ontario. either side of median line, black; pronotum Illinois Record. Galena: June 30,

1 1 . brownish, a broad black line at either lateral 1932, Dozier & Mohr, ^ , 9 margin and a black ray behind callus on either side of pale median line; hemelytra Lygidea mendax Reuter rather uniformly fusco-brownish ; hind femora with very dark brown bands before Apple Redbug, fig. 158. apices, anterior face more or less black on apical half. Lygidea mendax Reuter (1909, p. 47). Food Plant.—^Black willow {Salix While not as yet collected in Illinois, this nigra). bright, orange red species undoubtedly will Known Distribution.— Illinois, Michi- be found along the Rock River and vicinity. gan, New York, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Pennsylvania.

~~Illinois Records.—Eleven males and 1 females, taken June 3 to July 5, are from Champaign, Chicago, Grand Detour, Homer, Kampsville, Keithsburg, Mount Carmel, Rockford, Urbana, Warsaw, White Heath.~~

~~Lygidea salicis Knight~~

Lygidea salicis Knight (1939^, p. 22). Male.—Length 5.60, width 2.20. Ros- trum pale, apex black. Antennae with first segment black, slender apex pale ; second fusco-brownish, basal one-fourth black, pubescence rather short and recumbent; third fuscous; fourth almost black. Pronotum with disk punctate, transversely rugulose black, collar except behind eyes, median line of disk, two blotches behind outer halves of calli, disks of calli, narrow area along basal margin, and dorsal margin, pale; ventral one-third of propleura pale. Scutellum pale with a wedge-shaped, very dark brown mark on either side of median line, mesoscutum black. Hemelytra very dark brown, embolium except apically, cuneus except reddish spot on apex, pale translucent. Mem- brane uniformly dark fuscous, less dark on Fig. 158,— Lygidea mendax, 9. — —

~~September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or IVIiridae, of Illinois 147~~

~~This assumption is based on the fact that tum, except calli and basal angles, femora,~~

mendax has been collected near Davenport and sometimes cuneus, red ; head yellowish and Bentonsport, Iowa. Occurs on haw- to red; tylus usually darker. thorn {Crataegus sp.). American crabapple Female.—Fig. 159. Length 5.60, width

(Pyrus coronaria) , cultivated apple (Pyrus 2.80. More robust than male and usually malus) and to some extent on cultivated with red areas broader; pronotum, scutel- quince {Cydonia oblonga). This insect is lum, cuneus, femora and ventral surface of

now regarded as a serious pest on apples body orange to red ; basal area of corium us- in New York, Pennsylvania and Michigan. ually pale ; tibiae and second antennal seg- Known from Connecticut, Indiana, Iowa, ment largely pale. Maine, Michigan, New York, Nova Scotia, Food Plant.—Post oak {Quercus siel Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania. lata), according to Dr. H. G. Johnston. Known Distribution. — Arizona, Illi- Neocapsus Distant nois, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Texas; Mexico. Neocapsus cuneatus Distant Illinois Records. Dubois: May 15,

1 1 1917, i ; May 22, 1917, $ ; May 23, Neocapsus cuneatus Distant (1893, p. 438). 1917,2 6 . 7$ ; May 24, 1917, 4 ^ ,3$. Male.—Length 4.80, width 2.60. Head width 1.17, vertex 0.52. Rostrum, length Platylygus Van Duzee 1.73, reaching to apices of middle coxae.

~~Platylygus luridus (Reuter)~~

~~Lygidea rubecula var. lurida Reuter (1909, p. 46). Male.— Fig. 160. Length 6.50, width 2.40. Minutely pubescent; dorsum practi-~~

~~Fig. 159. — Neocapsus cuneatus, 9.~~

Antennae very short, black, with fine pubescence; first segment, length 0.47; second 1.38, cylindrical, slightly more slender near base; third, 0.56; fourth, 0.35. Pronotum, length 1.25, width at base 2.25; finely, shallowly punctate. Scutellum transversely rugulose, orange red, rarely partly black. Dorsum practically glabrous; hemelytra with minute pubescence in some of the shallow punctures. General color black ; prono- Fig. 160. Platylygus luridus, cT. ;

~~148 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1~~

cally glabrous. General color pale yellow- 6. Tibiae uniformly pale greenish, with- ish brown; hemelytra translucent; collar out bands at base; eyes large; color and tip of scutellum pale to white ; apex and of body chiefly green . . apicalis, p. 1 54 inner half of cuneus, brachium, disk of Tibiae spotted, often with red and scutellum, apices of femora, and area on black bands at base 7 venter, somewhat reddish; third and fourth 7. Rostrum almost, but not quite, reach- antennal segments inf uscated ; apex of ros- ing tips of hind coxae; abdomen uni- trum piceous ; membrane fumate or pale formly green; area along claval vein brownish. and spot on apical area of corium Female.—Length 7.00, width 2.70; more fuscous elisus, p. 152 robust than male, but otherwise very simi- Rostrum attaining or slightlv exceed- lar in structure and coloration. ing apices of hind coxae; abdomen Food Plant.—White pine {Pinus stro- marked with black; hemelytra of bus). The nymphs are yellowish with a female uniformly pale, of male tinge of brownish, and thus very closely darkened with red and black match the color of the bud scales of their hesperus, p. 151 host plant. 8. Hemelytra black and irregularly mot- Known Distribution. — Illinois, New tled with greenish yellow; head and Hampshire, New York. anterior part of pronotum yellowish Illinois Record. — Northern Illinois: green, usually with two black rays behind each callus 1 9. plagiatus, p. 153 Hemelytra sometimes dark but not Lygus Hahn mottled with pale spots; head and pronotum not colored as above. ... 9 KEY TO SPECIES 9. Length 6.50-7.30; nearly glabrous,

strongly shining. . vanduzeei, p. 150 1. Length of second antennal segment Length 4.80-6.30; distinctly pubes- less than width of head; body cent 10 ovate, robust, yellowish brown to dark reddish brown, darkened with 10. Second antennal segment three times as long as first segment; frons uni- fuscous rubicundus, p. 153 Length of second antennal segment formly yellowish, without black greater than width of head 2 lines; length 6.00-6.30. .frisoni, p. 151 Second antennal segment less than 2. Basal carina of vertex lacking in mid- three times as long as first segment; dle, visible only at corners of eyes: frons with median line dark; length green or greenish yellow, preserved 5.00-5.50 oblineatus, p. 148 specimens fading to dull yellowish; Y-shaped fuscous mark formed by anal areas of membranes; usually Lygus oblineatus (Say) with a longitudinal cloud distad of Tarnished Plant Bug areoles pabulinus, p. 153 Basal carina of vertex entire; various- Capsus oblineatus Say (1832, p. 21). ly colored 3 This species has passed in American liter- 3. Rostrum just attaining posterior mar- ature under the name Lygus pratensis (Lin- gins of middle coxae; scutellum naeus) for many years. It differs, however, bright yellow or green from the European pratensis in the struc-

~~campestris, p. 1 54 ture of the right genital clasper, fig. 161~~

~~Rostrum reaching to or slightly be- oblineatus is darker in color and has def- yond hind coxae 4 inite stripes. 4. Hind tibiae deep black Adults.—Fig. 162. Length 4.90-5.50,~~

atritibialis, p. 152 width 2.50; ovate. General color shining, Hind tibiae more or less pale 5 yellowish brown with more or less blackish 5. Color chiefly pale or green, sometimes marking, or reddish brown and fuscous with darker markings 6 areas; pronotum with yellowish and blackish Color yellowish brown to black, or rays; scutellum margined with blackish reddish g leaving a Y- or heart-shaped yellowish September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or AIiridae, of Illinois 149

~~ATRITIBIALIS HESPERUS ELISUS~~

~~PRATENSIS VANDUZEEI PLAG IATUS RUB/CUNDUS~~

~~OBLINEATUS PA BULINUS CAMPESTRIS APICALIS~~

~~Fig. 161.— Male genital claspers of Lygits. A, left clasper, lateral aspect; ?, left clasper, dorsal aspect; C, right clasper, mesal aspect.~~

central area; hemelytra reddish brown or chiefly under leaves on the ground; many blackish, streaked with yellowish or gray. also hibernate in mullein rosettes. The amount of black on the dorsum varies Illinois Records.— Five hundred eighty- greatly. five males and 453 females, taken Jan. 24 to The very dark extremes in which the Nov. 13, are from Albion, Algonquin, Al- black predominates belong to the variety lerton, Alton, Alto Pass, Amboy, Antioch,

strigulatus (Walker) (1873, p. 94). Both Apple River Canyon State Park, Auburn extremes and their intergrades have been Park, Beach, Beardstown, Beverly Hills, collected together throughout Illinois. Bloom ington. Bluff Springs, Borton, Known Distribution.—This is the com- Browns, Bureau, Cache, Calvin, Carbon- monest species of the family Miridae in the dale, Carthage, Cary, Champaign, Charles-

eastern United States and is found every- ton, Chester, Chicago, Custer Park, Cy- where frequenting many kinds of plants. It press, Danville, Darwin, Decatur, Delavan, is a pest on nursery stock, ornamental plants De Soto, Dixon, Dolson, Dubois, East Cape and cultivated crops. The adults hibernate Girardeau, East Dubuque, Effingham, Ei- 150 Illinois Natuv.al History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1 chorn, Elizabeth, Elizabethtown, Erie, Forest State Park, Willow Springs, Wood- Ernst, Evanston, Fairmount, Farmer City, stock, York, Zion. Fountain Bluff, Fox Lake, Frankfort, Ful- ton, Galena, Galesburg, Georgetown, Giant Lygus vanduzeei Knight Glencoe, Glen Ellyn, Glen- City State Park, Lygus vanduzeei Knight (1917^, p. 565). Detour, Grand view, Golconda, Grand Male.—Length 7.10, width 3.30. Head width 1.25, vertex 0.50. Rostrum, length 2.93, just attaining posterior margins of hind coxae, yellowish brown, apex blackish. Antennae, first segment, length 0.85, reddish brown to black; second, 2.22, reddish brown, apex blackish; third, 1.31, blackish, narrow pale area at base; fourth, 1.00,

fuscous ; all segments with fine pubescence. Pronotum, length 1.70, width at base 2.82; nearly glabrous, strongly shining, punctures deep and irregularly placed; a small black spot present behind each callus, usually two in darkest specimens; basal angles with a black spot just inside the narrow, pale margins; in darkest specimens, dark lines extending along lateral margins of disk; a small black spot present just above coxal cleft; dark specimens have dark brown rays behind black spots on disk. Scutellum transversely rugose and sparsely punctate; yellowish brown, with apex and dash on either side at base paler. Hemelytra strongly shining, with minute pubescence, nearly glabrous; punctures coarse and deep, some-

~~what crowded ; color rich dark brown, darker on clavus and at apex of corium; claval Fig. 162.— Lygiis oblineatus. vein and cubitus pale; embolium translucent~~

yellowish except at apex ; cuneus translucent Tower, Grand View, Grayville, Hamilton, yellowish, dark brownish to blackish at Hardin, Harrisburg, Harvard, Hatton, Ha- base and on extreme apex. Membrane vana, Henry, Herod, Hillsboro, Hillsdale, fuliginous, a pale spot present in center and Homer, Horseshoe Lake, Iroquois, Joliet, on either side just behind apex of cuneus; Kampsville, Kankakee, Kansas, Kappa, Kar- veins at apices of cells and in area border- nak, Keithsburg, Lawrenceville, Lima, ing apex of cuneus also pale. Legs yellow- Litchfield, Mahomet, Makanda, Marshall, ish brown, apical halves of posterior femora Mason City, Maywood, McClure, Metrop- brownish to blackish, with two pale rings olis, Milford, Monmouth, Monticello, near each apex ; tibiae greenish yellow, eath Mounds, Mount Carmel, Mount Carroll, apex and spines dark brownish, a dark spot Muncie, New Columbia, New Milford, on base and, in some cases, a dark stripe; Normal, Oak Lawn, Oakwood, Olive tarsi dark brownish, tips blackish. Venter Branch, Ozark, Palmer, Palos Park, Paris, yellowish brown, a dark brownish, longi- Parker, Patoka, Pekin, Philadelphia, Pu- tudinal stripe on either side; some speci- laski, Quincy, Riverdale, River Forest, mens brownish beneath, thus forming a Rockford, Rock Island, Rockton, St. Anne, pale stripe beneath dark lateral one. Genital

Savanna, Savoy, Seymour, Shawneetown, claspers, fig. 161, typical for this group, but Sheldon, Sherman, Sparland, Springfield, shape of claw on right clasper and internal Starved Rock State Park, Temple Hill, Un- arm on left distinguishes this species. ion County State Forest, Urbana, Vienna, Female.—Length 6.70; width 3.40; more Ware, Warsaw, Watseka, Waukegan, robust than male, but very similar in color West Union, White Heath, White Pines and general structural characters. September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 151

Food Plant.—Goldenrod {Solidago can- dark brown, with three rather irregular, adensis and perhaps other species of the pale fasciae on anterior aspect; tibiae pale; genus). The adults hibernate and come spot at base and elongate mark just beneath forth in early spring to feed on the tender black. Genital claspers rather similar to goldenrod plants. The eggs are doubtless those of vanduzeei. inserted in the goldenrod stems where the Holotype, male. —Urbana, 111.: Sept. nymphs appear and feed during July. In 1932, T. H. Frison. New York, most of the adults mature by Paratype. —Same data as for holotvpe, the middle of August, and continue to feed u. until the cool September nights make them seek hibernation quarters. Lygus hesperus Knight Known Distribution.—Illinois, Iowa, Legume Bug Minnesota, Ontario, Wyoming and eastward, perhaps everywhere its host plant Lygus elisus hesperus Knight (1917^, p. 575)'. grows freely. Male. Length 6.50. Head width 1.22, Illinois Records.—Northern Illinois: — vertex 0.45. Rostrum, length 2.68, slightly 1 $ . Apple River Canyon State Park : exceeding posterior margin of hind coxae. July 11, 1934, DeLong & Ross, \ $ , 2 9- Antennae, first segment, length 0.65, pale Galesburg: Sept. 13, 1888, l9- Rock reddish brown, fuscous on ventral side; sec- Island: May 19, 1934, Ross & Mohr, 1 $ . ond, 2.11, reddish, apex and ventral side at Savanna: June 13, 1917, I9. White brown; third, 1.00, dark red- Pines Forest State Park: July 12, 1934, base very dark dish brown to fuscous; fourth, 0.63, fuscous. DeLong & Ross, 1 $ . Pronotum, length 1.34, width at base 2.30; Lygus frisoni new species yellowish; outer half of calli and a small round spot behind each inner margin, a spot This is to be distinguished from oblineatits within basal and anterior angles of disk, and (Say) by its larger size and longer second a small spot behind coxal cleft, black. Hem- antennal segment; it is smaller than vandu-

elytra more pallid than yellowish ; apex of zeei Knight, but the second antennal segment clavus and suture, apical half of corium, is relatively longer than in that species. and tip of embolium, reddish or marked Male.—Length 6.10, width 3.00. Head with red; cuneus with inner margin and width, 1.18, vertex 0.48; yellowish without pale, faintly dark marks, collum black. Rostrum, length apex reddish. Membrane areas bordering 2.60, extending to tips of hind coxae, yellow- shaded with brownish in at inner apical angles ish, apex black. Antennae, first segment, veins, a darker mark length 0.73, yellowish brown, becoming of larger areoles. Legs yellowish, more or blackish beneath; second, 2.20, brownish, less shaded with reddish; two annuli present femur; tibiae yellowish, apical one-fourth black ; third, 1.04, black; near apex of each fourth, 0.91, black. Pronotum, length 1.38, apices reddish, spines black. Venter fuscous width at base 2.38; disk rather coarsely beneath, sides yellowish. Genital claspers punctate; yellowish brown; two small spots as in fig. 161. present behind each callus, large spot at Female.—Length 6.40. More uniformly either basal angle, and ray behind top of yellowish than male, pronotum entirely yel- coxal cleft, black. Scutellum pale to yellow- low except for a small black dot behind ish, darker on median line at base; coarsely inner margin of each callus; hemelytra uni- punctate; transversely rugulose. Hemelytra formly pallid, without reddish; markings on punctate, with rather fine pubescence, this femora more reduced than in male; venter pubescence more distinct than in vanduzeei; yellow. Rostrum attaining or slightly ex- pale translucent yellow; apical area of co- ceeding posterior margins of hind coxae. rium and area on middle of clavus fuscous Food Plants.—This species is an im- to black. Cuneus pale, translucent; extreme portant pest of beans and alfalfa in Idaho tip black. Membrane dark fuscous, veins and Utah and on cotton in Arizona. Shull yellowish ; marginal spot beyond tip of cu- (1933) has published a work on the biology neus and basal half of cells clear. Venter and economic status of this species and has very dark brown with a broad lateral, lon- it name "legume bug." gitudinal, yellowish stripe. Legs yellowish given the common brown; apical half of each hind femur very Known Distribution.—This is a west- .

152 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1 ern species that finds its eastern limits of lucent; outer margin yellowish, but not distribution in Illinois, Iowa, Michigan and darker on apex. Membrane pale fuscous, Minnesota. veins pale. Dorsum clothed with fine, short, Illinois Record. — Northern Illinois: pale pubescence. Ventral surface uniformly 19. yellow. Legs mostly yellowish, but hind femora with two subapical black annuli; atritibialis new species Lygus hind tibiae black; middle and front pairs

This species is allied to hesperus Knight pale, fuscous at apices and each one with a and related western species, but is easily- to black ring at base, spines black; tarsi fus- be distinguished by its uniformly black an- cous, apices and claws very dark brown. tennae and posterior tibiae, fig. 163. Genital claspers as in fig. 161. Male.—Length 5.40, width 2.50. Head Female.—Length 5.20, width 2.50. Head width 1.17, vertex 0.45; yellow, collum width 1.17, vertex 0.52. Antennae, first black. Rostrum, length 2.30, extending segment, length 0.49; second, 1.51. Slightly slightly beyond hind coxae, yellow, apex very more robust than male, but very similar in dark brown. Antennae uniformly black; coloration; black marks on pronotum usually first segment, length 0.52; second, 1.56; more reduced. third, 0.87; fourth, 0.65. Pronotum, length Food Plant.—Apparently breeds on 1.25, width at base 2.16; yellow; a lateral, wormwood (Artemisia canadensis) submarginal line joining outer half of callus, Holotype, male. —Oregon, 111.: July 4, two rays behind each callus (in dark spec- 1932, on Artemisia canadensis, Mohr & imens these rays joining to form a submar- Dozier. ginal line), and ray behind top of coxal cleft, Allotype, female. —Same data as for black. Scutellum yellow; a geminate mark holotype. — on middle of base, lateral edges and meso- Paratypes. Illinois.—Oregon : Same

~~scutum, black. Hemelytra pale, translucent data as for holotype, 32~~

~~yellowish ; middle of clavus and outer apical June 11, 1933, Mohr & Townsend, 2$.~~

~~angle of corium fuscous. Cuneus pale, trans- ZiON : July 6, 1932, T. H. Frison et al., 1 $ . Michigan.—Pentwater: July 17, 1916,~~

~~E. Liljeblad, 1 S . Minnesota.—St. Paul: St. Anthony Park, June 18, 1921, at light, H. H. Knight,~~

~~1 $ , KC.~~

~~Lygus elisus Van Duzee Pale Legume Bug~~

Lygus pratensis elisus Van Duzee (1914, p. 20 j.' Male.—Length 4.80-5.80. Head width 1.20, vertex 0.45. Rostrum, length 2.11, scarcely attaining posterior margins of hind coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 0.52, pale yellowish to brown, very dark brown on ventral surface; second, 1.98, dusky brown, lower side at base and extreme apex darker; third, 0.85. brownish, apex

~~fuscous ; fourth, 0.60, dusky brown. Prono- tum, length 1.40, width at base 2.20; coarse-~~

ly, deeply and closely punctate, with minute, pale pubescence. General color pale greenish with pronotum and scutellum bright green, a small black spot present behind each callus. Scutellum bright green, two

~~black dashes in middle at base ; roughly,~~

~~Fig. 163.— Lygus atritibialis, 9. transversely rugose. Mesoscutum black, —~~

~~September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae. of Illinois 153~~

scarcely exposed. Hemelytra pale, trans- Dubuque, East St. Louis, Elizabeth, Eliza- lucent; clavus with a dusky cloud in middle, bethtown. Forest City, Fountain Bluff, divided by pale claval vein ; apex of corium Freeport, Galena, Galesburg, Grand with two small, fuscous patches; cuneus Tower, Harvard, Havana, Hillsboro, Hills- pale, extreme tip fuscous; membrane clear, dale, Homer Park, Kansas, Kappa, Keiths- veins pale. Legs pale yellowish ; femora burg. Lawrenceville, Mahomet, Monticello, with a wide, fuscous band in middle on ven- Mounds, Muncie, Murphysboro, Niota, tral side, also with two annuli near each Oakwood, Oquawka, Oregon, Palos Park, apex ; tibiae with a spot on knee and a ring Parker, Pekin, Philadelphia, Prophetstown, just below, fuscous; spines very dark brown. Quincy, Rock Island, Rockford, Rockton, St. Venter yellowish green; genital claspers dis- Francisville, St. Joseph, Sherman, Starved tinctive, fig. 161. Rock State Park, Springfield, Urbana, War- Food Plants.—This species is an im- saw, Waukegan, West Pullman, White portant pest on beans and aitalfa in Idaho, Heath, White Pines Forest State Park, Utah and Arizona and perhaps other west- Willow Springs, York. ern states. Shull (IQi.-?) has discussed the biological and economic status of this spe- Lygus rubicundus (Fallen) cies and has given it the common name "pale Phytocoris rubicundus P'allen 92). legume bug." (1829, p. Male. Length 4.50, width 2.14. Ovate, Known Distribution.—This is a west- — tern species which migrated eastward dur- robust. General color dark reddish brown ing the drought years of 1930 to 1936. It is to fuscous; second antennal segment shorter now known from Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota than width of head; genital claspers dis- and all the states westward. tinctive for species, fig. 161.

~~Illinois Record. Illinois: 1 9 . Female.—Very similar to male in structure, but usually not so darkly colored. Lygus plagiatus Uhler Host Plants.— Peach-leaved willow~~

(Salix amygdaloides) ; occurs also to some Lygus plagiatiis Uhler (1895, p. 35). willows. Male.—Length 5.30, width 2.80. More extent on other robust than oblineatus (Say). General color Known Distribution.—A c o m m o n, black with greenish yellow mottling; head Holarctic species. and anterior part of pronotum yellowish or Illinois Records.—Seventy-four males olive green, hemelytra irregularly mottled and 70 females, taken April 15 to Nov. 15, Beardstown, with black and less dark spots. Right are from Alton, Antioch, Carbondale, genital clasper distinctive, fig. 161. Bloomington, Browns, Cairo, Female.—Slightly more robust than male Chicago, Dongola, Elizabeth, Elizabeth- Geff, and usually not so dark in color; second town, Freeport, Galena, Galesburg, antennal segment shorter; pronotum yel- Golconda, Grafton, Grand Detour, Grand lowish, black rays behind calli frequently not Tower. Harrisburg, Hatton, Havana, Her- reaching black basal margin; venter green- od, Hopedale, Kankakee, Lilly, Marshall, Monticello, Mount Carmel, ish yellow, blackish on the vagina exterior, Meredosia, Quincy, Rock- dark specimens with black more extended. Oquawka, Oregon, Putnam, Food Plants.—Giant ragweed {Ambro- ford, Savanna, Springfield, Starved Rock State Park, Thebes, Urbana, Volo, West sia trifida) ; a few Illinois specimens were Pines Forest State Park, collected on fleabane {Erigeron sp.), smart- Union, White York. weed {Frjlygonum sp. ) , wiUow {Salix sp. ) and hickory {Carya glabra). The last is Lygus pabulinus (Linnaeus) undoubtedly a "sitting" record. Illinois Records.—One hundred thirty- Cimex pabulinus Linnaeus (1761, p. 253). one males and 107 females, taken Feb. 12 Male.—Length 5.50, width 2.00; body pale green or to Dec. 1, are from Algonquin, AUerton, elongate. General color Alton, Anna, Antioch, Apple River Canyon greenish yellow, frequently fading to dull State Park, Ashley, Beardstown, Bloom- yellowish; carina of vertex indistinct in ington, Borton, Browns, Calvin, Carbon- middle; a fuscous Y-shaped mark formed dale, Champaign, Charleston, Danville. at extreme anal area of membrane; usually Darwin, Decatur, De Soto, Dubois, East a spot present within apices of areoles, and Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1 154 Illinois Natural History Survey

the identity of the species and its synonymy a longitudinal cloud extending beyond areoles to tip of membrane. Genital claspers with apicalis Fieber. 4.50-5.00, as in fig. 161. Male.—Length width 2.00; Female. — Length 6.10, width 2.22; body oblong; head broad, width 1.12, vertex slightly larger and more robust than male, 0.29, eyes unusually large. General color but not differing in coloration. greenish, dark green, or yellowish green; Host Plant.—Touch-me-not {Impatiens membrane, and, in some cases, corium, biflora). marked with fuscous; genital claspers dis- Known Distribution. — Europe and tinctive for species, fig. 161.

Boreal America; apparently Holarctic in Female.—Length 4.60, width 2.05 ; width distribution. of head 1.05, vertex 0.37; uniformly green Illinois Records.—Eight males and 11 or greenish yellow; eyes dark brown; tip females, taken May 7 to Oct. 6, are from of tarsi and apex of rostrum very dark Antioch, Bloomington, Bowmanville, Du- brown. bois, Elizabethtown, Evanston, Fountain Host Plant.—Fleabane {Erigeron cana- Bluff, Herod, Karnak. densis). Known Distribution.—Throughout the Lygus campestris (Linnaeus) eastern United States, and known also from Europe, Mexico, Central America and is- Cimex campestris Linnaeus (1758, p. 448). lands of the Pacific. Male.—Length 4.10, width 1.77. Ovate, Illinois Records. — Twenty-seven males rather small. General color greenish brown and 32 females, taken June 24 to Nov. 11, or brownish yellow with fuscous areas; are from Cypress, Grand Tower, Hardin, scutellum bright yellow or green; genital Lawrenceville, McClure, Monticello, claspers, fig. 161, distinctive for species. Mounds, Quincy, Shawneetown, Ullin, Ur- Female.—Slightly more robust than bana, Villa Ridge, Ware. male; second antennal segment more slender; very similar to male in coloration. Food Plants.—Poison hemlock {Conium Neolygus Knight maculatum) and other plants of the family

Umbelliferae ; Illinois specimens have been KEY TO SPECIES collected on wild parsnip {Pastinaca sativa) 1. Pronotal disk greenish, or yellowish and cow parsnip {Heracleum lanatum). Re- to brownish, but without distinct ported in Massachusetts and New Bruns- dark rays 2 wick as a pest on celery plants. Pronotal disk black or marked with Known Distribution. Common in the — dark rays 23 northern states and Canada; Holarctic in 2. Color chiefly greenish, old specimens distribution. frequently fading to yellowish; Illinois Records. — Seventy-one males sometimes darkened on clavus and and 83 females, taken April 12 to Oct. 9, at tip of corium, but ground color are from Algonquin, Allerton, Antioch, green 3 Browns, Champaign, Elizabeth, Lawrence- Color distinctly yellowish or brownish, ville, Oregon, Palos Park, St. Sey- Joseph, more brownish than green 9 mour, Spring Grove, Urbana, Waukegan, 3. Tibial spines with fuscous spots at Willow Springs, Worth. base; corium never infuscated, but inner half faintly bronzed; clavus Lygus apicalis Fieber and basal half of pronotum usually Lygus apicalis Fieber (1861, p. 275). bronzed alni, p. 157 Lygus Carolinae Reuter (1876, p. 71). Tibial spines without fuscous spots at Lygus carolinae Reuter has remained an base 4 enigma to American Hemipterists up to the 4. Dorsum uniformly greenish, with a present time. Mr. W. L. McAtee visited small, fuscous mark beginning at the Stockholm museum in 1927 and at the inner apical angles of corium and writer's request examined the type of caro- extending transversely across anal linae and drew the genital claspers. These area of membrane; length 5.20- distinctive structures leave no doubt about 5.70 neglectus, p. 162 .

~~SeptemberJ 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 155~~

Dorsum partly brownish; apical area 12. Hind femora without two distinct of corium and usually clavus dis- bands near apices; when dark, paler tinctly brownish, sometimes dark only at tip; second antennal seg- brown or even fuscous 5 ment rarely darkened, if so, bands

5. Membrane with apical half infuscated on femora indistinct 13 along median line, this darkened Hind femora with distinct dark or area forming a distinct, longitudinal light bands near apices; second an- ray which may be widened apicallv; tennal segment darkened apically. .21 corium with a triangular dark 13. Scutellum dark, with a pale, median brownish spot just before apex, stripe on apical half; dorsum dark clavus usually brownish; length greenish brown to almost black, a

5.60-6.00 belfragii, p. 162 lateral, dark fuscous stripe extend- Membrane never forming a median, ing full length of body; femora dark longitudinal luscous ray; smaller with pale tips invitus, p. 157 forms 6 Scutellum sometimes dark, but with-

6. Apical one-filth of second antennal out any indication of a pale median segment infuscated line 14 canadensis var. canadensis, p. 164 14. Color distinctly reddish; head, pro- Second antennal segment uniformly notum, femora and veins ol mem- colored 7 brane red tinctus, p. 157

7. Scutellum partly fuscous; clavus also Color not reddish 15 more or less darkened; corium with 15. Hemelytra uniformly rich brownish, a triangular dark patch before apex or brownish pink; clavus and apical tiliae, p. 161 half of hemelytra not appreciably Scutellum pale; clavus and apex of darker 16 corium usually darkened 8 Hemelytra not uniformly colored;

8. Area of clavus bordering scutellum clavus and apical half of corium dark brown; apical half of membrane darker than scutellum and basal clear, a fuscous spot at margin half of corium 18 either side of middle, a spot also 16. Hemelytra and femora brownish pink;

~~bordering tip of cuneus membrane distinctly darkened. . . .~~

inconspicuus, p. 161 .....'..... fagi, p. 161 Area of clavus bordering commissure Hemelytra reddish yellow brown to as well as along scutellum dark black, or uniformly rich brownish; brown; apical half of membrane membrane darkened, or uniformly rather uniformly infuscated yellowish 17

clavigenitalis, p. 163 17. Dorsal prongs of left genital clasper 9. Rostrum scarcely attaining apices of parallel or converging at tips, fig. intermediate coxae; color rich yel- 164 hirticulus, p. 163 lowish brown, darker on clavus and Dorsal prongs of left genital clasper apex of corium 10 divergent at tips, fig. 164 Rostrum extending beyond apices of geminus, p. 163

intermediate coxae 11 18. Second antennal segment darkened 10. Second antennal segment darkened apically 19 at apex, its length greater than Second antennal segment uniformly width of pronotum at basal margin colored, never distinctly darkened viburni, p. 159 apically 20

Second antennal segment not in- 19. Length 4.70-5.00; female vertex dis- fuscated, its length less than width tinctly wider than dorsal width ol of pronotum at base, .nyssae, p. 164 an eye; male left genital clasper

1 1 Apical half of tylus black; two reddish with basal spine shorter and more bands present near apices of hind slender than posterior spine, fig. 164 femora; sides of body red carpini, p. 164 atri tylus, p. 157 Length 5.50-6.00; female vertex nar- Tylus not black, or, if so, then body rower than dorsal width of an eye; and bands on femora not reddish. .12 male left genital clasper with basal 156 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1

~~spine longer and stouter than pos- uniformly dark brown terior spine, fig. 164. .ostryae, p. 164 hirti cuius, p. 163~~

20. Length of second antennal segment 27. Hind femora with two dark brown or scarcely exceeding width of poster- pale bands near apices 28 ior margin of pronotum; rostrum Apical halves of hind lemora dark scarcely attaining apices of hind brown to black, but without two coxae; hemelytra greenish yellow distinct bands, pale only at apices. 32 with apical spot on corium and 28. First and second antennal segments margins of clavus dark brown- inner black; embolium, outer half of ish to almost black corium and cuneus, pale and trans- clavigenitalis, p. 163 lucent johnsoni, p. 162 of second antennal segment Length First antennal segment pale or only much exceeding width of posterior slightly brownish; apex of embol- margin of pronotum; rostrum ex- ium and outer half of corium dark- tending slightly beyond apices of ened; if not, then first antennal seg- hind coxae; clavus and corium dark ment distinctly pale 29 brownish geneseensis, p. 159 29. Sides of body and usually hind femora 21. Pale greenish yellow; clavus and large

~~distinctly reddish. . communis, p. 159 spot on apical half of corium very~~

Sides of body and femora not reddish . 30 dark brown; femora greenish yellow, with faint, iuscous bands near 30. Embolium and basal half of corium apices pale, a large black spot on apical half of corium; clavus and a nearly canadensis var. canadensis, p. 164 quadrate spot behind each callus Color yellowish to brownish; apical black; calli and areas just anterior half of corium brownish, but this to them not black colored area not forming a definite canadensis var. binotatus, p. 164 spot; femora brownish or reddish. .22 Embolium usually darkened apically; 22. Femora and, usually, sides of body if not, then calli and areas just an- distinctly reddish; hind femora with terior to them black 31

~~dark reddish bands before apices. .~~

31 . Apex of median line of scutellum and quercalbae, p. 160 all but cuneus of hemelytra dark Femora and sides of body dark brown brown to black to fuscous; hind femora with dark caryae var. caryae, 161 brown bands before apices p. Scutellum and basal half of corium omnivagus, p. 163 and embolium distinctly pale 23. Pronotal disk dark, but without dis- caryae var. subfuscus, p. 161 tinct rays 24 Pronotal disk with distinct, dark rays 32. Scutellum with a darkened median or spots behind calli 27 line; apex and inner margin of cuneus, femora and variable areas 24. Sides of body and hind femora dis- on sides of body, reddish tinctly reddish; femora with pale and dark red univittatus, p. 160 bands near apices. . . . Scutellum never with a dark brown quercalbae, p. 160 Sides of median line 33 body and femora not reddish . 25 25. Hind femora black, with paler bands 33. Pronotal disk with small fuscous mark near apices; hemelytra black, costal behind each callus; venter dark

~~margin scarcely paler, cuneus clear, brown, with a pale, lateral stripe. . . apex dark semivittatus, p. 163~~

caryae var. caryae, p. 161 Pronotal disk with distinct black ray Hind femora greenish to brownish, or spot behind each callus; venter without subapical bands 26 without pale, lateral stripe 34 26. Embolium greenish, clavus and inner 34. Pronotal disk with two conspicuous, half of corium dark fuscous to al- nearly square black spots, one be- most black tiliae, p. 161 hind each callus; ground color yel- Embolium scarcely paler than corium, lowish brown; hind femora black hemelytra and whole dorsum nearly except at tips. . . atrinotatus, p. 162 — .

~~September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 157~~

A black stripe traversing outer half hypodermis. Hemelytra reddish to fuscous, ot each callus and extending to with clavus and apical half of corium dis- posterior margin of pronotal disk; tinctly fuscous; cuneus pale, flecked with ground color pale yellowish, with red about margins; membrane pale, with red clavus apices ot corium and and veins and with areas within areoles and

~~embolium black. . .vitticollis, 162 p. along margin behind cuneus fuscous. Dor- sum clothed with fine, yellowish, recumbent Neolygus invitus (Say) pubescence; pronotum and scutellum mi-~~

Capsus invitus Say (1832, p. 24). nutely regulose, as in allied species. Venter Male.—Length 5.00, width 2.00. Gen- of body pale yellowish, tinged with reddish eral color dark greenish with fuscous or and shaded with fuscous; sides of thorax black areas; a lateral, fuscous stripe ex- dusky. Legs yellowish green, hypodermis of tending full length of body, including genital femora rather uniformly colored with bright red; segment; apical half of scutellum with a tarsi darkened. Genital claspers distinctive, fig. 164; form nearest to invitus, pale, median vitta; disk of pronotum dark but left clasper thicker at base and right clasper brown or black, but never with two distinct with a much more prominent, protuberant rays, as in communis Knight; genital clasp- shoulder at middle. ers distinctive for species, fig. 164. Female.—Length 4.63, width 2.20. Head Female.—Length 5.10, width 2.20; slight- with frons, tylus and juga bright red. An- ly more robust than male, very similar in tennae yellowish, first segment becoming coloration, but in general lighter colored, reddish at apex, third and fourth segments with pale vitta on scutellum longer. dusky; first segment, length 0.47; second, Food Plant.—American elm {Ulmus 1.47; third, 0.82; fourth, 0.34. More robust americana) ; a single specimen was collected than male, and very similar in coloration, in Illinois on hickory {Carya sp.). although with less fuscous shading on prono- Know n Distri b ution . Connecticut, tum and hemelytra. Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New York, Holotype, male. — Morgan Count y, Ohio, Vermont. Ind.: June 10, 1933, on Gleditsia triacan- tlios, P. O. Musgrave, KC. Illinois Records.—Illinois: June 21, Allotype, female. Illinois. 1892, 29. Dubois: May 21, 1917, 1^. — — Ei- Elizabethtown: May 27-31, 1932, on elm, CHORN, Hick's Branch: June 13, 1934, DeLong & Ross. H. L. Dozier, 10 5 , 6 9 • Frankfort: June

8, 1933, Mohr k Townsend, 2$ , 9 $ Mount Carmel: May 27, 1884, on leaves Neolygus atritylus Knight of Carya sp., 1 9- Muncie: June 8, 1917, Ly^us {Neolygus) atritylus Knight (1917/^, 1 1 9 Savanna: June 1, 1917, 9 ; Tune 12, p. 606). 1917, 3^,19. No Illinois specimens; known from Colo- rado, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Neolygus tinctus new species York, Vermont. Feeds on willow {Salix This species is distinguished from allied sp.). ones by its smaller size and reddish coloration; it apparently is most closely related to Neolygus alni Knight invitus (Say). Lygus (Neolygus) alni Knight (1917;^, p. Male.—Length 4.76, width 2.00. Head 607)". width 0.99, vertex 0.30. Rostrum yellowish, Male.—Length 5.50-6.00, width 2.00. apex reddish brown, length 1.56, extending Head width 1.00, vertex 0.33. Rostrum, slightly beyond middle of hind coxae. An- length 1.88, just attaining posterior margins tennae, first segment, length 0.44, yellowish of hind coxae. Antennae, first segment, brown; second, 1.56, yellowish, becoming length 0.64; second, 2.02, yellowish to

dusky at apex. Pronotum reddish; basal half brownish, its apex not strongly inf uscated ; of disk fuscous; calli dusky brown; median third, 1.04; fourth, 0.74. Pronotum, length line of side of pronotum paler just behind 0.86, width at base 1.57. Color medium calli. Propleuron pale about coxal cleft. green to light green, fading to yellowish in Scutellum yellowish, with many red flecks in old specimens; clavus, scutellum and basal History Survey Bulletin To/. 22, Art. 1 158 Illinois Natural

~~Fig. 164.— Male genital claspers of Neolygus. A, left clasper, lateral aspect; 5, left clasper, dorsal aspect; C, right clasper, ventral aspect. ,~~

~~September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 159~~

half of pronotal disk usually distinctly Knight, but is smaller and more yellow- bronzed. Membrane slightly smoky, with ish brown than that species. It also is closely apical part of cells and a narrow transverse related to geneseensis Knight, but is more spot at apex of cuneus darker, veins pale to robust and has a shorter rostrum; the apical dusky. Legs greenish, each tibial spine with half of the second antennal segment is dark- fuscous spot at base. Venter bright green ened, and the general coloration is a richer to yellowish green. Genital claspers, fig. 164, yellowish brown. Claspers, fig. 164, distinc- distinctive for species. tive for species. 5.30, width very Female.—Length 5.50, width 1.95. Form, Female.—Length 2.28; color and pubescence very similar to those similar to male in coloration, but usually of male. not so dark. Host Plant.—Alder {Alnus incaita). Food Plant.—Sheepberry {J^iburnum Known Distribution.— Illinois, Minne- lentago). In New York state this bug often occurs in such numbers that foliage of its sota, New Hampshire, New York, Nova Scotia, Quebec. host is badly injured.

Distri bution. o n e c t i c u Illinois Record.—Herod: June 20, 1935, Known — C n t Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, DeLong & Ross, 1 ^ . Ohio, Pennsylvania. Illinois Records.—Galena: June 30, Neolygus geneseensis Knight I 1 1932, Dozier & Mohr, S , $ . Gales- {\9\lb, L\gus (Neolygus) geneseensis Knight burg: July 16, 1892, 2 9 . p. 609). Male.—Length 5.00, width 2.05. General Neolygus communis Knight color yellowish brown to dark brown and Pear Plant Bug fuscous. Allied to viburni Knight, having much the same color, but differs in being Lygus [Neohgus) communis Knight {\9\6a, slightly smaller, having a longer rostrum p. 346). and dif^erentlv shaped genital claspers, fig. This species, fig. 165, is suggestive of 164. invitus (Say), but may easily be distin- Female.—Length 4.90, width 2.10; very guished from it by the two black rays on the similar to male, but more uniformly yellow- disk of the pronotum, the reddish lateral stripe on the body and the larger size. ish brown ; distinguished from viburni by having uniformly yellowish antennae, and Male.—Length 5.50, width 2.30. Anten- to by the rostrum, which extends to posterior nae with second segment dark brownish margins of hind coxae. fuscous, sometimes with basal half paler; Food Plants.—White oak {Quercus third dark brown; fourth fuscous. Prono- darkened with brown on alba) and post oak {Q. stellata). tum greenish, basal half; two black rays on disk, one be- Known Distribution. — Georgia, Illi- in the darkest speci- nois, Iowa, Maryland, Massachusetts, hind each callus and, behind Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, New mens, extending across calli, widened York, Pennsylvania, Virginia. and nearly reaching hind margin. Scutellum

greenish, darkened with brown ; rarely with Illinois Records.—Fifteen males and 13 a longitudinal, median, fuscous line. Hem- females, taken May 25 to July 4, are from brown to fuscous, darker on Beach, Charleston, Elizabethtown, Frank- elytra dark apical half of corium and across tip of em- fort, Galena, Geff, Grand Detour, Harvard, cuneus clear, tinged with yellow, Marshall, Oakwood, Palos Park, St. Joseph, bolium; darkened; White Heath, White Pines Forest State extreme tip sometimes slightly Park. membrane darkened. Legs greenish to yellowish, posterior femora and often interme- Neolygus viburni Knight diate femora with two reddish annulations apical apex ; frequently entire Lvgus {Neoh?,us) viburni Knitjht {\9\lb, near each p. 609). halves reddish. Venter pale greenish with a Male.—Length 5.20, width 2.08; width broad, lateral band and the genital segment genital claspers dis- of head 1.03, vertex 0.38. Rostrum short, its dark brownish red; apex scarcely attaining posterior margins tinctive for species, fig. 164. of mesocoxae. Similar to omnivagus Female.—Length 5.40, width 2.40. More 160 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1

robust than male, but very similar in color in one place six eggs were found deposited and pubescence. in a mass. Most of the males die by the Food Plants and Habits.—Breeds on middle of July, but many females live until dogwoods {Cornus stolonifera, C. paniculate the end of that month. There is only one and C. alternifolia) and cultivated pear brood annually; the winter is passed in the

{Pyrus communis) ; also reared from win- egg stage and the nymphs appear again in terberry {Ilex verticillata) . The nymphs the spring at the time the leaves unfold. In hatch when the leaves unfold and they feed Nova Scotia a smaller, more slender form,

variety novascotiensis Knight (1916fl, p. 349), is an important pest on apple fruit. Known Distribution.—Colorado and Idaho northward to Alberta and Minnesota, eastward to Ontario and Maine and southward to North Carolina.— Illinois Records. Antioch : Aug. 1,

~~1924, T. H. Prison, 1 5-7, $ ; July 1932, T.~~

~~Prison, verticillata, . H. on Ilex ^ $ , 20 $ Prankfort: June 8, 1933, Mohr & Town-~~

~~send, 3 $ . Quincy: June 11-30, 1883, low- lands, 1$. St. Joseph: June 17, 1932,~~

~~T. H. Prison, 1 ? .~~

~~Neolygus univittatus Knight~~

~~Lygus {Neolygus) univittatus Knight (1917^, p. 623). Known only from New York, but intensive collecting on its host plant, hawthorn~~

~~{Crataegus sp.), should extend its recorded range.~~

~~Neolygus quercalbae Knight~~

Fig. 165.— Neolygus communis, 9. Lygus {Neolygus) quercalbae Knight {\9\.lh, p. 624). on this tender foliage. On pears, the nymphs Male.—Length 5.70, width 2.40. Re- attack the young fruit as soon as it forms sembles omnivagus Knight, but is deeper and continue to feed on it in preference reddish brown, more robust, and has a pale to the leaves. All pears thus punctured be- stripe on either side of venter; similar to come knotty and scarred to such an extent semivittatus Knight in coloration of venter, that the fruit is unsalable. The nymphs are but does not have distinct, fuscous spots be- green, closely matching the color of the hind calli and is more red in color; genital young fruit; this makes it difficult to see claspers, fig. 164, distinctive. them. The nymphs mature in about 24 days, Pemale.—Length 5.60, width 2.60; more or, usually, by the middle of June in central robust than male, but very similar in colora- Illinois. adults, The likewise, prefer to tion ; larger and more reddish than omni- feed on the pears and contribute further to vagus and semivittatus; distinguished from the destruction of the fruit. In New York, them by the distinctly reddish hind femora the author observed that the adult bugs were and sides of body. active agents in distributing pear blight Food Plant.—^White oak {Quercus among the trees, the blight developing about alba) on which it is often very abundant. feeding punctures made by the bugs. Ovi- This species has been collected on peach position occurs during the last week of June trees and hickory {Carya ovata) along with and up to the middle of July in New York, N. caryae Knight, but breeds only on white a few individuals probably laying after that oak so far as the writer has been able to de- date. The eggs are inserted under the bark termine. The nymphs hatch with the burst- of the new cambium layer (Knight ing of the buds and feed thereafter on the 1915) ; . — .

~~September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 161~~

tender foliage. In times of rain or cold Food Plant.—Muscadine grape {J'itis weather the nymphs retreat under the bud rotundifolia). scales which remain on the trees. Up to the Known Distribution. — Connecticut, fourth instar the nymphs are greenish yel- Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maryland. low, but later they become tinged with Michigan, Minnesota, New York, North

~~pink ; in the last instar the wing pads be- Carolina, Oklahoma, Virginia. come brownish while the body is pink. In Illinois Records. Northern Illinois:~~

~~western New York the nymphs are develop- June, 1 9. Aldridge: May 8, 1932, H. L.~~

ing during and usually begin maturing Dozier, 1 . May 9 Elizabeth: July 6, 1917, 1 $ . during the first of the adults week June; F'reeport: July 4, 1917, 1 $ . Oregon: June may remain on the trees up to the middle of June 11, 1933, Mohr & Townsend, I9. Eggs are laid mostly in late July. June and Willow Springs: July 3, 1904, W. J. Ger-

early in the oak twigs; there they pass hard, 1 July 9 > FM. the winter, and the nymphs come forth with the bursting of the buds the following Neolygus tiliae Knight spring. Known Distribution. — Connecticut, Lygus {Neolygus) tiliae Knight {\9\lb, p. 613). Illinois, Iowa, Maryland, Massachusetts, Male. Length 4.60, width 1.74; Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New York, — rather small, scarcely as large as Ontario, Virginia, Wisconsin. invitus (Say). General color greenish yellow, with base Illinois Records.—Twenty males and 18 of pronotum darker, and scutellum, clavus and females, taken May 9 to July 6, are from corium Algonquin, Antioch, Beach, Cedar Lake, dark fuscous to black. Genital Dongola, Dubois, Elizabeth, Frankfort, Ga- claspers distinctive, fig. 164. lena, Glen Ellyn, Goreville, Grand Detour, Female.—L e n g t h 5.00, width 2.00. Lighter colored than Harvard, Meredosia, Oregon, St. Anne, Sa- male and usually vanna, Urbana, Willow Springs, Zion. slightly larger; pronotum yellowish, scutellum and clavus only slightly darkened, apex of corium with a triangular dark patch, Neolygus fagi Knight much resembling belfragii (Reuter) in this Lygus {Neolygus) fagi Knight i\9\lb, p. respect; similar in size and general appear- 603)'. ance to inconspicuus Knight and clavigeni- Not as yet collected in Illinois; known talis Knight; distinguished from inconspi- from Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New cuus by having front of head more conic York, Ohio, Vermont. Feeds on beech and scutellum darker; clavigenitalis differs {Fagus grandifolia) and birch {Betula from this species in being generally more lutea) brownish with a paler scutellum. Food Plant.—Linden {Tilia americana) Neolygus inconspicuus Knight Known Distribution. — Connecticut, Lygus {Neolygus) inconspicuus Knight Illinois, Iowa, Massachusetts, Minnesota, (191'?^, p. 612). New York, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania, Male.—Length 4.50, width 2.08. Gen- Vermont. eral color pale greenish; a transverse brown- Illinois Records.—Sixty-seven males and ish spot at apex of corium and on area of 53 females, taken June 8 to July 19, are

clavus bordering scutellum ; in general ap- from Algonquin, Antioch, Elizabeth, Frank- pearance, resembling tiliae Knight and cla- fort, Freeport, Galena, Galesburg, Kamps- vigenitalis Knight, but differing greatly from ville, Monticello, Oregon, Urbana, Wauke- those species in form of genital claspers, gan. fig. 164.

Female.—Length 4.80, width 2.25 ; very Neolygus caryae Knight similar to male in size and coloration; simi- Lygus {Neolygus) caryae Knight {\9\lb, p. lar in size and general appearance to cla- 615). vigenitalis and tiliae ; distinguished from the Male.—Length 4.80-5.70, width 2.10. latter by the pale scutellum, and from the General color varying from dark brown or former by being more greenish with a paler black to yellowish brown with more promi- scutellum. nent dark areas on pronotum and apex of .. . C

~~162 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin J'ol. 22, Art. 1~~

hemelytra. Paler brown forms suggest its large size and distinct black markings. omnivagus Knight. Genital claspers distinc- General color pale yellowish, with two rays on pronotum; clavus, apical halves of poste- tive, fig. 164. Female.—Length 5.00-6.30, width 2.30; rior femora, and apices of corium and of

; rostrum reaching only in- more robust than male, frequently with embolium, black brownish yellow areas between the calli and termediate coxae; genital claspers, fig. 164, distinctive. over posterior part of disk. Female. More robust than male, but Specimens which are towards the pale end — not differing in coloration. of the series with a more or less prominently Food Plants.—Sugar maple {Acer sac- banded effect represent the variety subfuscus om- charum), red maple {A. rubrum) and sil- Knight {\9nb, p. 616) ; they resemble ver maple {A. saccharinum) nivagus in coloration. Specimens that show Known Distribution. — onnecticut, all ranges of color have been taken in Illi- Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Minne- nois, frequently both extremes and the inter- sota, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, On- grades together on the same tree. tario. In the original description Reuter Food Plants.— Hickory {Carya ovata) gave Texas as the type locality for vitticollis, Illi- and pecan (C. illinoensis) . Also, single but Mr. W. L. McAtee examined the type nois specimens were taken on locust {Robi- in the Stockholm Museum in 1927 and re- nia pseudoacacia), oak {Quercus sp.) and ported that it was labeled "N. Y." red cedar {Juniper us virginiana). There is Illinois Records. Twenty-four males no evidence that they fed on these hosts. — and 37 females, taken May 11 to July 1, are Of recent years this species has been re- from Algonquin, Antioch, Carlinville, Mere- ported several times as causing "cat-facing" dosia, Mount Carmel, Normal, Oakwood, on peaches in New York and Ohio. The Oquawka, Savanna, Urbana, White Heath. species may breed on nearby hickory trees and, when mature, fly to the peach trees where they puncture and feed upon the Neolygus neglectus Knight young fruits. — Lygus {Neolygus) neglectus Knight (1917^, Known Distribution. Connecticut, p. 619). Illinois, Iowa, Massachusetts, Michigan, Known from Alabama nortliward to Minnesota, Mississippi, New Hampshire, Maine and westerly from Louisiana, Missis- Ontario, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, sippi, Ohio. This species has not as yet been

Texas. taken in Illinois, but it should be found here Illinois Records.—Sixty-two males and eventually. Feeds on American hornbeam 58 females, taken May 15 to July 6, are {Carpinus caroliniana) from Antioch, Bluff Springs, Dubois, Eliza- Fox Lake, Frankfort, Freeport, bethtown, Neolygus johnsoni Knight Galena, Galesburg, Glen Ellyn, Goreville, Grand Detour, Grayslake, Hardin, Har- Lygus {Neolygus) johnsoni Knight (1917^, vard, Havana, Kampsville, Manito, Mere- p. 629). dosia, Oquawka, Rockford, Savanna, Sey- No Illinois specimens; known from New mour, Urbana, Waukegan, White Pines York, Ohio, Virginia. Feeds on hornbeam Poorest State Park, Zion. {Carpinus caroliniana)

~~Neolygus atrinotatus Knight Neolygus belfragii (Reuter)~~

Lygus {Neolygus) atrinotatus Knight (1917^, Lygus belfragii Reuter (1876, p. 71). p. 617). Male.—Length 5.80, width 2.30; elon- Known from District of Columbia, North gate. General color green or greenish yel- Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania; not yet col- low^; clavus brownish, tinged with fuscous lected in Illinois. and bronze ; apex of corium with a triangular fuscous or blackish patch, mem- Neolygus vitticollis (Reuter) brane with a median, longitudinal, fuscous

Lygus vitticollis Reuter (1876, p. 71). area; genital claspers distinctive, fig. 164. Male.—Length 5.80, width 2.48; elon- Female.—Length 5.50-5.80; similar to gate, easily separated from other species by male in coloration, but more robust. —

~~September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or JVIiridae, of Illinois 163~~

Host Plants.—Breeds on Acer spicatum North Carolina, Ontario, Pennsylvania, and J iburnurn acerifolitim. Quebec, Rhode Island, Vermont, Virginia, Known Distribution.— Illinois. Maine, Wisconsin. Minnesota, New York, Ontario, Pennsyl- Illinois Records.—Eleven males and 25 vania, Wisconsin. females, taken June 4 to July 31, are from

~~Illinois Record.—Dolson : July 18, Dolson, Galena, Glen Ellyn, Grand Detour,~~

1934, Rocky Branch, DeLong & Ross, 1 $ . Keithsburg, Lilly, Marshall, McHenry, Monticello, Mount Carroll, Oregon, Rock- Neolygus clavigenitalis Knight ford, St. Anne, Savanna, White Pines For- est State Park, Willow Springs. Lygus {Neolygus) clavigenitalis Knight {\mb, p. 632)." Known from Connecticut, Maine, Mary- Neolygus hirticulus (Van Duzee) land, Massachusetts, Ohio, but not yet col- Lygus tenellus Van Duzee (1912, p. 484), not lected in Illinois. Has been collected on Hahn. smooth alder {Alnus rugosa). Lygus hirticulus Van Duzee (1916^, p. 41). Male.—Length 4.80, width 2.28. General Neolygus semivittatus Knight color dark ferrugino-testaceous, sometimes entirely dark fuscous or black, except for Ly^us (Neolygus) semivittatus Knight (1917;^, the legs and antennae; genital claspers dis- 626). p. tinctive, fig. 164. Not yet taken in Illinois, but it should be Female.—Length 5.30, width 2.30. Slight- found here eventually. Known from Ala- ly larger and more robust than male. Uni- bama, Florida, Minnesota, Mississippi, New formly colored with yellowish brown or, York, Pennsylvania, Texas, Virginia; feeds in some cases, dark brown; hemelytra rarely on white oak {Quercus alba). much darker than pronotum; easily confused

with fagi Knight, but membrane is uni- Neolygus omnivagus Knight formly and faintly tinged with fuliginous color, never dark as in fagi. Lygus (Neolygus) omnivagus Knight (1917^, Food Plants.—Chestnut {Castanea sp.), p. 627). sugar maple {Acer saccharum) , beech Male.—Length 5.40, width 2.20. Yellow- (Fagus sp.), ash {Fraxinus sp.), Cottonwood ish brown with apex of corium dark brown {Populus deltoides) and woodbine {Psedera to fuscous; clavus dark brown or black; sp.). very much resembling forms of semivittatus Known Distribution. — Connecticut, Knight and quercalbae Knight; also similar Illinois, Iowa, Maryland, Massachusetts, in color to caryae subfuscus Knight, but Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, genital claspers distinctive, fig. 164. New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Ontario, Female. Length 5.40, width 2.50. Usu- — Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont. Al- ally paler than male, more yellowish brown; ways rare. never reddish, as in quercalbae, nor with It.linois: 1 Illinois Records. $ ; July fuscous marks on pronotum as in semivit- 1 1 9, 1892, 9 ; July 16, 1892, 9 Dubois: tatus or caryae subfuscus ; very similar to June 3. 1919, 1^. Frankfort: June 8, canadensis Knight, but that species has apical 1933, on Fraxinus sp., Mohr & Townsend, one-third of second antennal segment dis- 3 S . Urbana: June 30, 1889, woods above tinctly black, spot of the cor- fuscous on apex 1 1917, 1 lake, i ; July 20, cottonwoods, i ; ium smaller and embolium entirely without July 27, 1917, Cottonwood grove, 1 9 • fuscous. Willow Springs: July 8, 1906, W. J. Ger-

Food Plants. White oak {Quercus 1 — hard, 9 , FM. alba), red oak {Q. rubra), scarlet oak {Q. cQccinea) and probably other oaks; breeds Neolygus geminus new species occasionally on dogwood (Cornus sp.),

~~chestnut {Castanea sp.) and arrow-wood This is closely allied to hirticulus (Van~~

( Viburnum sp.). Duzee), as individuals of the two species are Known Distribution. — Connecticut, similar in size and coloration, but the males Illinois, Iowa, Massachusetts, Michigan, are readily distinguished by the structure Minnesota, New Hampshire, New York, of the genital claspers, fig. 164. 164 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1

Male.—Length 4.80, width 2.20. Head ray behind each callus extending nearly to width 0.91, vertex 0.34. Rostrum, length the hind margin of the pronotum and 1.81, almost attaining posterior margins of would, thus, be referable to the variety hino- hind coxae. Antennae, first segment, length tatus Knight (1917^, p. 635). 0.58, pale; second, 1.98, pale to yellowish Male.—Length 5.50, width 2.08. Second brown; third, 1.17, dusky yellow; fourth, antennal segment, length 2.05, pale yellow- 1.21, dusky. Pronotum, length 0.95, width ish, apical one-third fuscous to black. Mar- at base 1.70. Color dusky brown, hemelytra gins of scutellum usually brownish; cuneus slightly darker; cuneus pale, translucent; pale; legs greenish yellow; hind femora with membrane pale to smoky, veins yellowish. two pale, fuscous annuli near apices; genital

Legs pale to yellowish ; femora tending to claspers distinctive, fig. 164. yellowish brown. Venter yellowish to Known Distribution.—Illinois, Minne- brown, darker on sides; genital claspers dis- sota, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, On- tinctive. tario, Wisconsin. Female.—Length 5.00, width 2.30. Head Illinois Record.—Northern Illinois: first width 0.95, vertex 0.39; antennae, seg- July, 1 5 . ment, length 0.60; second, 1.94; third, 1.17. Pronotum, length 1.08, width at base 1.77. Neolygus ostryae Knight Slightly more robust than male and more yellowish brown in color. Cannot at present Lygus {Neolygus) ostryae Knight (1917^', be separated from female of hirticulus. p. 635). Male.—Length 5.80, width 2.36. Head Holotype, male. —Elizabethtown, 111.: May 27-31, 1932, H. L. Dozier. width 1.05, vertex 0.37. Rostrum, length 2.08, reaching posterior margins of hind Allotype, female. —Same data as for holotype. coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 0.74; second, 2.25, yellowish, apex fuscous; third, Paratypes. —Illinois. — Same data as 1.25, yellowish with apical half slightly in- for holotype, 4^, 1$. Golconda: June fuscated; fourth, 0.71, infuscated. Prono- 22, 1932, on Trifolium pratense, Ross, tum, length 1.00, width at base 1.85. Deep Dozier & Park, 1 $ . yellowish brown in color; embolium and basal half of corium pale yellowish; clavus Neolygus nyssae Knight and apical half of corium light brown to

Lygus {Neolygus) nyssae Kniehr flQlSc, dark brown; cuneus almost colorless, tinged p. 43). with yellowish. Genital claspers as in fig. Male.—Length 5.50, width 2.50; slightly 164. more robust, but in general structure simi- Female.—Length 6.00, width 2.40; similar to quercalbae Knight; pronotum and lar to male in coloration, but slightly larger scutellum evenly shaded with rich brown; and more robust. clavus and corium darker brown; genital Host Plant.—Hop hornbeam {Ostrya claspers distinctive for species, fig. 164. virginiana). Female.—Length 5.60, width 2.57; very Known Distribution.—Illinois, Massa- similar to male in size and coloration. chusetts, New York, Ontario, Vermont. Food Plant.—Sour gum {Nyssa sp.). Illinois Record. — North Evanston:

Known 1 Distribution.—Alabama, Con- Aug. 20, 1905, Gerhard & Wolcott, $ , fm. necticut, Illinois, Mississippi, Ohio, Pennsyl- vania. Neolygus carpini Knight Illinois Record.—Dixon Springs: June 24, 1936, Neolygus carpini Knight (1939rt, p. 21). DeLong & Ross, 1 $ . Male.—Length 4.70, width 2.00. Head width 0.99, vertex 0.35. Rostrum yellowish, Neolygus canadensis Knight apex brownish, length 1.90, extending slight- Lygus {Neolygus) canadensis Knight (1917^, ly beyond hind margins of posterior coxae. p. 634). Antennae with first segment pale, second This species is allied to omnivagus Knight, pale with apical one-third black, third yel- but is more greenish yellow in color and has lowish, fuscous apically, fourth fuscous. a distinct, dark spot on the corium. The Pronotum yellowish green, tinged with only specimen seen from Illinois has a black brown, without definite streaks or vittae. . ; —

~~September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 165~~

Scutellum yellowish brown, scarcely darker 1.36; third, 0.50; fourth, 0.42. Pronotum, at sides. Hemelytra translucent, yellowish, length 0.64, width at base, 1.18. Body with clavus evenly shaded with brownish clothed with soft, brownish, simple pubes- apical area of corium dark brown; cuneus cence ; on embolium and legs pubescence pale uniformly translucent, scarcely tinged with brown or yellowish. General coloration yel- yellow; membrane and veins rather uni- lowish green, more distinctly green on pro-

formly fuscous brown. Venter of body pale notum and tibiae ; corium, clavus, and inner to yellowish, a fuscous band along lateral apical half of cuneus, reddish; base and out- margins. Fuscous band also extending er margin of cuneus paler. Membrane uni- across pleura of thorax. Legs yellowish to formly light fuscous, veins reddish; an brown; femora uniformly brownish, with- opaque, white, callous mark bordering api- out bands, apices paler; tibiae pale yellowish, cal angle of larger areole. spines brown; tarsi brownish, apices fuscous. Female.—Length 3.60, width 1.60. Slight- Female.—Length 5.00, width 2.16. More ly more robust than male, but very similar robust than male but very similar in color in pubescence and coloration. and pubescence. Host Plants.—Red cedar {Juniper us Host Pl.ant. — Hornbeam {Carpinus virginiana) and arbor vitae {Thuja Occi- caroliniana) dent alls) . Known Distribution.— Illinois, Iowa, Known Distribution.—District of Co- Minnesota. lumbia, Georgia, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas,

~~Illinois Record. — Dolson : June 14, Maryland, Minnesota, Mississippi, New~~

~~1933, Frison iS: Ross, 1 $ . Jersey, New York, Ohio, Virginia. Illinois Records. Cave-in-Rock: Oct. Dichrooscytus Fieber 2, 1934, Frison & Ross, 1^,3$. Muncie:~~

Sept. 20, 1935, Frison & Mohr, 1 9 • KEY TO SPECIES Dichrooscytus viridicans Knight 1. Length less than 4.00 2 Length 4.80 or greater 3 Dichrooscytus viridicans Knisjht (1918^/, p. 114). 2. Width of vertex greater than length of Male.—Length 3.20, width 1.25. Head first antennal segment; hemelytra width 0.75, vertex 0.26. Rostrum, length reddish; length 3.50-3.70 0.95, just attaining posterior margins of hind tinctipennis, p. 165 Vertex narrower, its width less than length of first antennal segment; dorsum uniformly green; length 3.20- 3.40 viridicans, p. 165

~~3. Paracuneus pale to white; length of first antennal segment less than~~

~~width of vertex; length 4.80-5.30. . .~~

~~suspectus, p. 166 Paracuneus reddish; length of first antennal segment equal to or greater than width of vertex; length 5.50- 5.80 rufipennis, p. 166~~

~~Dichrooscytus tinctipennis Knight~~

Dichrooscytus elegans Knight (1923^/, p. 597), not Uhler. Dichrooscytus tinctipennis Knight (1927^, p. 15). Male.—Length 3.70, width 1.50. Head width 0.83, vertex 0.36. Rostrum, length 1.18, scarcely attaining posterior margins of hind coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 0.33, less than width of vertex ; second Fig. 166.— Dichrooscytus viridicans, 9. . . 1

166 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Fol. 22. Art. 1 coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 0.32; Rostrum reaching slightly beyond second, 1.22; third, 0.56; fourth, 0.38. Pro- posterior coxae; body yellowish notum, length 0.56, width at base 1.03, with brown, with darkened areas; cuneus black, conspicuous pubescence. General color usually red, rarely paler 3 bright green; head, coxae and femora often 3. Hemelytra mostly yellowish becoming pale to brownish; cuneus green, basalis var. basalis, p. 167 apical halves of margins reddish ; membrane Hemelytra mostly very dark brown, fuscous, cell veins sometimes reddish. almost black Female. Fig. 166. Length 3.30, width — basalis var. fuscatus, p. 167 1.40; slightly more robust than male, but 4. Rostrum reaching beyond anterior not differing in coloration. margins of middle coxae Host Plants.—Red cedar {Juniperus 5 Rostrum not reaching posterior mar- vlrfflniana) and arbor vitae {Thuja occiden- gin of mesosternum 6 taiis ) Kxowx Distribution.—District of Co- 5. Rostrum attaining hind margins of lumbia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Minnesota, middle coxae; dorsum black, nar- Mississippi, New York, Ohio. row area at apex of cuneus and slen- Illinois Records. — Seventy-one males der line on either side of fracture and 101 females, taken May 27 to Aug. 28, pale; tibiae uniformly black are from Antioch, Apple River Canyon State proximus, p. 168 Park, Elizabethtown, Ernst, Freeport, Ga- Rostrum just attaining middle of intermediate coxae; black '.ena, Golconda, Grandview, Grayville, dorsum and Hillsboro, Kampsville, Keithsburg, Lake pale brown; tip of scutellum and angle of pale; Villa, Monticello, Oquawka, Starved Rock basal corium cuneus State Park, Urbana, White Pines Forest yellowish, red and black State Park. unifasciatus var. lateralis, p. 167

6. Rostrum nearly attaining posterior Dichrooscytus suspectus Reuter margin of mesosternum 7 Rostrum not reaching beyond middle Dichrooscytus suspectus Reuter (1909, p. 37). of mesosternum 8 Not yet collected in Illinois, but should 7. Legs rather uniformly reddish yellow, occur here. Known from Connecticut, Colo- but hind femora with a small group rado, District of Columbia, Indiana, Maine, of fuscous points on anterior face at Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, middle of apical half; cuneus with New York. Its host plants are pines {Pinus outer edge pale brown resinosa and P. virginiana) punctipes, p. 169 Tibiae black, femora black on apical Dichrooscytus rufipennis (Fallen) half of dorsal aspect; cuneus uniformly red orange illini, p. 168 Lygaeus rufipennis Fallen (1807, p. 84). 8. Tibiae reddish yellow or with broad, A European species known from New pale areas 9 York; may have been imported with the Tibiae black, rarely with some yellow- Scotch pine (Pinus syhestris), on which it ish 12 feeds. Not yet taken in Illinois. 9. Legs mostly red, with apical one-third Polymerus Hahn of femora black; tibiae yellowish, with apices and variable basal area KEY TO SPECIES black; second antennal segment yellowish with apex very dark 1. Rostrum reaching hind coxae, or brown venustus, p. 170 slightly beyond 2 Legs orange yellow or fulvous 10 Rostrum not reaching hind coxae .... 4 10. Hemelytra uniformly black; length of 2. Rostrum scarcely attaining hind mar- second antennal segment equal to gins of posterior coxae; dorsum width of pronotum at posterior black and pale brown; femora with margin riubilipes, p. 170 apical halves fulvous, tibiae pale. . . Cuneus and embolium of hemelytra nigropallidus, p. 167 pale or fulvous 1 ;

~~September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 167~~

11. Pubescence on dorsum deep golden; form of this species, variety fuscatus Knight Illi- . in . taken tibiae without black spot at base . (1926/, p. 167), has not been fulvipes, p. 170 nois. Pubescence on dorsum silvery white; Food Plants.—Dog fennel {Anthemis

tibiae with black spot at base cotula) ; Illinois specimens were collected severini, p. 170 also on plantain {Plantago aristata), daisy {Chrysanthemum sp.), sunflower {Helian- 12. Rostrum scarcely attaining hind margins of front coxae 13 thus sp.), oakiQuercus sp.), tickw'eed {Co- reopsis sp.) the record certainly a Rostrum reaching behind posterior ; oak was margins of front coxae, or nearly "sitting" record. to middle ot mesosternum 14 Known Distribution.—Common in the eastern United States. 13. Hemelytra uniformly black; dorsum Illinois Records. Two hundred ten clothed with silvery, silky pubes- — males and 176 females, taken May 18 to cence gerhardi, p. 171 Oct. 12, are from Albion, Algonquin, Alton, Hemelvtra with embolium and edge Antioch, Bloomington, Champaign, Chicago, of cuneus pale; dorsum clothed with Darwin, Delavan, Dubois, Elizabethtown, golden, silky pubescence Elmira, Farmer City, Freeport, Galesburg, brevirostris, p. 170 Grand Tower, Grayville, Herod, Karnak, 14. Cuneus black; second antennal seg- Lawrenceville, M c H e n r y , Metropolis, ment of male as thick as first seg- Monticello, Mount Carmel, Muncie, Pax- ment; coxae yellow in both sexes; ton, Rockton, Savanna, Seymour, Shawnee- dorsum black with scutellum and town, Springfield, Starved Rock State Park, hemelytra clothed chiefly with black Urbana, West Union. pubescence opacus, p. 170 Cuneus yellowish or red 15 Polymerus nigropallidus Knight 15. Embolium black; cuneus orange;

coxae of male black, of female yel- Polymerus nigropallidus Knight (1923d', p. low; dorsum clothed with silvery, 599). silky pubescence, .venaticus, p. 169 Known only from New Jersey. Embolium pale brown to red 16 16. Femora deep red, only narrow band Polymerus unifasciatus (Fabricius) at apices black; tarsi black; embolium and cuneus deep red Lygaeus unijascialus Fabricius (1794, p. 178)'. chrysopsis, p. 171 Length 5.60, width 2.60. Head Femora deep yellow, apical one-third Male.— width 1.04, vertex 0.47. Rostrum, length black, a pale fascia showing on 1.56, reaching to middle of intermediate anterior aspect; tarsi mostly yellow, Antennae, first segment, length 0.56; with apical segment and claws coxae. black, wnth basal half dusky black; embolium pale brown to second, 2.08, Pronotum, yellow; cuneus orange brown; third, 0.82; fourth, 0.78. length 1.04, width at base 1.86. Clothed flavocostatus, p. 168 with golden, sericeous, tomentose pubescence, intermixed with blackish hairs. Polymerus basalis (Reuter) Ground color black; apex of scutellum,

Poeciloscytus basalis Reuter (1876, p. 73). basal angle of corium, anal ridge and area Adults.—Length 3.70-4.80, width 1.70- at inner angle of corium, apex of embolium 2.30. General color pale brown to yellowish, and area of corium bordering cuneus, base darkened with fuscous and black; hemelytra and apex of cuneus, tibiae, apical one-third mostly yellowish, with clavus and apical half of front and middle femora, pale to testa- inner half red, outer of corium chiefly fuscous ; scutellum black, ceous; cuneus with variable area at apex not so dark; cuneus margin black except at base and apex red; sometimes embolium and legs tinged membrane fuscous, veins and central area with reddish; posterior femora with two less dark; a small clear spot bordering apex subapical fuscous bands; dorsum clothed of cuneus.

~~with silvery, silky pubescence that appears Female.—Length 5.20, width 2.65 ; very golden yellow in certain lights. A very dark similar to male in color and pubescence. . —~~

~~168 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. I~~

All North American specimens of this Male.—Length 4.85, width 2.50. Head species are referable to the variety lateralis width 1.18, vertex 0.44; black, a glabrous, Hahn (1834, p. 85). The typical unifascia- pale spot either side of vertex. Rostrum, tus has the pale areas broader than does uni- length 1.43, just attaining posterior margin

fasciatus lateralis ; the embolium and corium of mesosternum. Antennae black with last of this variety are pale brown except for two segments yellow; first segment, length a small fuscous patch on the apical area of 0.44, thickness 0.15; second, length 2.29, the corium. thickness 0.15, cylindrical; third, length Food Plant.—Northern bedstraw {Ga- 0.65; fourth, 0.62. Pronotum, length 1.17, lium b ore ale) width at base 2.03 ; black, narrow basal Known Distribution.—This is a Eu- and ventral edge pale. Clothed with silvery, ropean species, now known from Alberta, sericeous pubescence intermixed on hemely- British Columbia, Colorado, Illinois, Iowa, tra with simple, black pubescence. General Maine, Minnesota, New York, North Da- color black, embolium pale, cuneus and tip kota, Nova Scotia, Quebec. Blatchley of embolium orange colored; membrane

~~{\92(yb, p. 737) records this from Cham- black, narrow pale area bordering cuneus; paign, 111., June 14, at light, under the name veins yellowish. Tibiae black, slightly pale~~

Polymer us unifasciatus (Fabricius). Speci- near base ; femora orange colored, apical mens of the typical form from North Amer- half black on dorsal aspect, dark color ica have not been seen by the writer. broken by an incomplete annulus of orange which does not cross dorsal surface; coxae Polymerus flavocostatus Knight pale to orange, infuscated at base; tarsi yellow, apical segment and claws black. Polymerus flavocostatus Knight (1926/, p. Female.—Length 5.50, width 2.77. Head 165). width 1.22, vertex 0.56. Antennae, first seg- Female. Length 5.00, width 2.30. — Head ment, length 0.45, width 0.16; second, 2.08, width 1.06, vertex 0.54. Rostrum, length thickness 0.10; third, 0.77; fourth, 0.78. Pro- 1.11, extending slightly beyond anterior notum, length 1.21, width at base 2.25. coxae, or to middle of mesosternum; first More robust than male, but very similar in and second segments chiefly yellow. Anten- coloration and pubescence. nae black, with third segment yellowish; Holotype, male, —Oak Lawn, 111.: July first segment, length 0.51; second, 1.80; 1, 1935, DeLong & Ross. third, 0.86. Pronotum, length 1.02, width at Allotype, female. —Onarga, 111.: June base 1.70. 8, 1933, Mohr & Townsend. Male.—Length 5.70, width 2.30. Head Paratypes. Illinois.—Same data as width 1.06, vertex 0.46. Antennae, first seg- for holotype, 1 $ ; Northern Illinois: ment, length 0.53; second, 1.86. Hemelytra 15. colored as in female; coxae orange yellow, 2$, or dusky only at base, similar to female. Polymerus proximus Knight Food Plant.—Goldenrod {Solidago sp.). Known Distribution.— Illinois, Iowa, Polymerus proximus Knight (1923^, p. 601). Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota. This is closely related to nigritus Illinois Records. — Champaign: June (Fallen), but may be distinguished from it

~~15, 1888, C. A. Hart, l^- Galesburg: by the uniformly dark tibiae ; the length of the June 18, 1893, 1~~

~~1930, T. H. Frison, on Solidago sp., 1 width of the vertex, while in nigritus the $ ,~~

~~1 9 • Urbana: June 17, 1889, Marten, 1 length of the first segment is less than the $ ;~~

~~June 19, 1889, C. A. Hart, 1 $ . West width of the vertex.~~

~~Pullman: July 30, 1905, W. J. Gerhard, Male.—Length 5.30, width 2.70. Head~~

1 $ , FM. mostly black with a yellow spot on either side of vertex near eye. Rostrum barely attaining hind margins of middle coxae. An- Polymerus illini new species tennae, first segment black; second very This differs from flavocostatus Knight by dark brown, black at base; third dark the longer rostrum, and from punctipes brown; fourth black. Pronotum with pos- Knight by the black tibiae, the partly black terior half of disk strongly convex, trans- femora and the red orange cuneus. versely wrinkled, uniformly black, slightly . . — . ;

September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs^ or Miridae, of Illinois 169 shining; clothed with yellowish, sericeous Illinois Records.—Eleven males and 24 pubescence. Scutellum deep black, slender females, taken May 17 to July 4, are from area at apex yellowish. Sternum and pleura Antioch, Champaign, Cypress, Elizabeth- black; ostiolar peritreme pale brown to yel- town, Freeport, Galena, Oakwood, Odin, lowish. Hemelytra black; slender area at Palos Park, St. Anne, Urbana. tip of embolium, and narrow areas at base and apex of cuneus, pale ; slightly shining, Polymerus punctipes Knight clothed with intermixed yellowish and black Pnlyinerus punctipes Knight (1923(7', p. 602j. pubescence ; membrane and veins uniformly Male.—Length 4.60, width 2.00. Head dark fuscous. Legs usually uniformly black;

width 0.97, vertex 0.47 ; head black, with a in paler forms, tibiae uniformly very dark yellow spot on either side of vertex at bor- brown, but never with indication of annula- der of eye; pubescence yellowish. Rostrum, tions. Venter uniformly black, clothed with length 1.23, almost attaining hind margin pale brown to yellowish pubescence. of mesosternum, yellowish, apex black. An- Female.—Length 5.30, width 2.80; em- tennae, first segment, length 0.51, black, boliar margins more strongly arcuate than narrow yellowish area at base; second, 1.85, in male, but general coloration similar. nearly cylindrical, slightly thicker at middle, Host Plant.—Bedstraw {Galium apar- nearly equal in thickness to first segment, ine) black, clothed with mixed black and pale Known Distribution.— Illinois, Iowa, pubescence ; third, 0.66, yellowish, with Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, dusky tinge; fourth, 0.80, dusky. Pronotum, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania. length 1.00, width at base 1.70; black, slight- Illinois Record. Rock City: May 30, ly shining, disk transversely rugulose 1938, Mohr & Burks, 2 $ . clothed with pale and yellowish, sericeous pubescence. Scutellum black, transversely Polymerus venaticus (Uhler) rugulose ; clothed with yellowish pubescence,

Poeciloscytiis venaticus Uhler (1872, p. 414). more sericeous on basal angles. Sternum Male.—Length 5.90. width 2.30. Head and pleura black; ostiolar peritreme yellow, width 1.04, vertex 0.46. Rostrum, length becoming dusky on anterior lobe. Hemely- 1.09, just attaining middle of sternum; pice- tra, with emboliar margins slightly arcuate ous, only slightly paler at joints. Antennae, on apical half; black; embolium and outer second segment, length 2.31, cylindrical, not margin of cuneus yellowish or fulvous; sur- equal in thickness to first segment. Hemely- face scabriculous, slightly shining, clothed tra elongate, tip of abdomen attaining mid- with golden, sericeous pubescence intermixed dle of cuneus, emboliar margins very slightly with darker hairs. Membrane rather uni- arcuate; black, moderately shining; thickly formly fusco-brownish, a small, nearly clear clothed with sericeous, pale pubescence, a spot bordering apex of cuneus, veins yellow- few black hairs on embolium and cuneus; ish. Legs fulvous, with spot at apices of fe- cuneus fulvous or reddish. Legs black, with mora and apical segment of each tarsus basal halves of hind and middle femora, an- black; hind femora with a group of from terior face of front femora except at apex, two to five fuscous points on anterior face and two basal segments of tarsi, yellow. at middle of apical half, a prominent hair Female.—Length 5.00, width 2.57; em- rising from each of the two lower points; boliar margins strongly arcuate ; shorter, pubescence pale brown to yellowish, black

more ovate and robust than male ; coloration on apical halves of femora. Venter black, very similar to that of male, but coxae al- clothed with pale brown to yellowish pubes- ways yellowish except for spot at base. cense. Host Plant.—Goldenrod {Solidago al- Female.—Length 5.20, width 2.40; em- tissima ) boliar margins strongly arcuate on apical Known Distribution.—Alberta, British half; pubescence and color similar to those Columbia, Colorado, Connecticut, District of male. Rostrum, length 1.31, nearly at- of Columbia, Idaho, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, taining hind margin of sternum. Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Min- Food Plant.—Loosestrife (Lysimachia nesota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New quadrifolia) York, North Dakota, Ohio, Ontario, Penn- Known Distribution.— District of Co- sylvania, Quebec, Vermont. lumbia, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Iowa, 170 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Fol. 22. Art. 1

Maine. [Maryland, Minnesota, New York, on pronotal disk. Sternum and pleura black; Ohio, Ontario, Quebec. ostiolar peritreme yellowish to reddish. Illinois Records.—Twelve males and 19 Hemelytra with emboliar margins moder- females, taken May 21 to June 24, are from ately arcuate ; black, opaque, surface rather Dolson, Dubois, Elizabethtown, Golconda, irregularly roughened, somewhat scabricu- Herod, Mound City, Mount Carmel, Oak- lous; clothed with golden and dusky seri- wood, Pulaski. ceous pubescence. Membrane uniformly dark fuscous; area bordering apex of cuneus Polymerus fulvipes Knight slightly paler, veins yellowish. Legs with coxae and basal half of femora deep, trans-

Polymerus Juhipes Knight (1923^, p. 603). lucent red ; lateral areas of coxae, with apex Known from Connecticut, Massachusetts, of front pair also, becoming fuscous; apical New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania. one-half to one-third of femora black, Not yet collected in Illinois. blackish cloud formed on anterior face of

front pair near base ; tibiae yellowish to ful- Polymerus severini Knight vous, basal one-third and apices black; tarsi yellowish, apical half of third segment fus- Polymerus severini Knight (1925, p. 247). cous. Venter black, clothed with sericeous, No Illinois specimens; known from Al- silvery pubescence ; genital segment with berta, Minnesota, South Dakota. simple, dusky yellowish hairs. Female.—Length 5.70, width 2.60. Em- Polymerus nubilipes Knight boliar margins more strongly arcuate apically. More robust than male, but very simi- nubilipes Polymerus Knight (1925, p. 248). lar in coloration. First antennal segment as Known only from Minnesota and Wis- thick as that of male, but second segment consin; not yet taken in Illinois. slightly more slender. Habits.—Collected on willow {Salix sp.). Polymerus opacus Knight Known Distribution. — Florida, Illi- nois, Michigan, North Carolina, Ohio, South Polymerus opacus Knight {\922>d, p. 604). Carolina, Virginia. Not taken in Illinois; known from Maine, Illinois Records.—Golconda: June 22, Ontario, New York, Vermont. Feeds on 1932, on Salix sp., Ross, Dozier & Park, 1 $ , aster {Aster umbellatus). 1$. Pulaski: May 28, 1909, cypress

~~swamp, 1 S . Polymerus venustus Knight Polymerus brevirostris Knight Polymerus venustus Knight (1923^, p. 605).~~

Male.—Length 5.20, width 2.30. Head Polymerus brevirostris Knight (1925, p. 246). width 1.01, vertex 0.38; head black; a yel- Male.—Length 4.50, width 2.20. Head low spot on either side of vertex bordering width 0.97, vertex 0.43. Rostrum, length eye; lower margin of jugum and upper mar- 0.88, not reaching hind margins of front gin of lorum red; clothed with sericeous, coxae, reddish to fuscous. Antennae, first pale pubescence. Rostrum, length 1.14, segment, length 0.46, thickness 0.14, black; scarcely exceeding posterior margins of second, 1.74, thickness 0.11, cylindrical, front coxae, piceous, paler at joints. An- slightly constricted near base, black; third, tennae, first segment, length 0.81, black, un- 0.71, orange yellow, fuscous apically; fourth, usually long and thick (0.15 thick) ; second, 0.93, fuscous, yellowish at base. Pronotum, 2.06, cylindrical, thickness 0.07, yellowish, length 0.96, width at base 1.80; basal mar- apical one-third black, pubescence same gin with a slender yellowish area; xyphus color as surface beneath; third, 1.02, slender, reddish. Body clothed with golden yellow, yellowish to fuscous, darker apically; fourth, sericeous pubescence, silvery beneath, this 1.03, blackish. Pronotum, length 1.03, width pubescence intermixed with pale and fus- 1.74; surface minutely granulate and trans- cous, simple hairs; femora with pale pu- versely wrinkled; clothed with yellowish to bescence. General color black; embolium golden, silky pubescence; black, lower and usually slender outer margin of cuneus pleural margin with a slender reddish area. yellowish ; membrane black, veins yellowish. Scutellum black, surface and pubescence as Legs orange to red ; tibiae, tarsi and apices . ;

~~September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 171~~

of femora black ; hind femora with indica- in the leaf axil of the golden aster. Many tion of a subapical, fuscous band on anter- other mirids are so colored as to be simi- ior aspect. larly inconspicuous when they are on their Female.—Length 5.03, width 2.60. Very normal host plants. similar to male in pubescence and colora- Known Distribution.— Illinois, Iowa, tion. Manitoba, Minnesota, North Dakota, South Known Distribution.— Illinois, Mani- Dakota. toba, Michigan, Minnesota, North Dakota, Illinois Record.—Aldridge: May 8,

~~South Dakota, Wisconsin. 1932, H. L. Dozier, 1 $ . Illinois Record.—Galesburg: June 28,~~

~~1893, U , 2 9 . Polymerus gerhardi Knight~~

Polymerus gerhardi Knight {\923d, p. 606). Polymerus chrysopsis Knight Female.—Length 6.40, width 2.80. Head Po/y merits chrvsopsis Knight (1925, p. 245). width 1.16, vertex 0.51; head black, vertex Male.—Length 5.70, width 3.60. Head pale on either side; clothed with sericeous, width 1.17, vertex 0.48; head black, with a white pubescence. Rostrum, length 1.08, not rounded, yellowish spot on either side of attaining hind margins of front coxae, pice- vertex near eye. Rostrum, length 1.24, ous, basal segment and joints reddish. An- reaching slightly beyond middle of mesoster- tennae, first segment, length 0.64, thickness num ; blackish ; first and second segments 0.14, black; second, 2.03, thickness 0.09, cy- more or less reddish. Antennae black, lindrical, black, with rather closely set, clothed with short, mixed pale and fuscous black pubescence; third, 0.96, fusco-brown- pubescence; first segment, length 0.45, thick- ish; fourth, 0.88, fuscous. Pronotum, length ness 0.14; second, length 2.06, cylindrical, 1.24, width at base 2.14; black, scarcely thickness 0.12; third, length 0.66; fourth, shining, rather irregularly rugulose ; thickly length 0.63. Pronotum, length 1.17, width clothed with sericeous, white pubescence; at base 2.06. Body clothed with silvery margins of xyphus, and narrow area along white pubescence intermixed with suberect, lower margins of pleura, yellowish. Scutel- pale yellowish pubescence. General color lum black, pubescent as on pronotal disk. black, moderately shining, with embolium Sternum and pleura black; ostiolar peri- and variable area at apex of corium and treme yellowish. Emboliar margins moder- cuneus, blood red; coxae and femora red; ately arcuate. Hemelytra black, thickly apices of femora and tibiae black; trochan- clothed with sericeous, white pubescence in- ters and extreme bases of coxae sometimes termixed with m.ore erect, simple, black fuscous; posterior femora often with a black hairs. Membrane and veins uniformly very patch on dorsal surface before black apex, dark brown, slightly paler bordering apex also two small dots of black on ventral as- of cuneus. Legs with femora deep red pect. coxae tending toward yellowish or orange; Female.—Length 5.50, width 2.80. Very tips of femora, tibiae, and tarsi, black; tibiae similar to male in pubescence and coloration. unusually thick, 0.17; spines and pubescence Antennae black, last two segments dark also black. Venter black, thickly clothed brownish. with sericeous, white pubescence intermixed Host Plant.—Golden aster {Chrysopsis with more nearly erect, dark hairs. villosa) Male.—Length 4.70, width 2.00. Anten-

This is the most beautiful species of nae, first segment, length 0.52; second. 2.03, Polymerus, the bright red of the embolium, thickness 0.13; third, length 0.82; fourth, cuneus and femora, standing in brilliant con- length 0.86. Smaller than female, but very trast with the black body. Strange to say, similar in pubescence and coloration. the contrasting red and black colors make Known Distribution.—Described orig- the insect difficult to see when it is on its inally from specimens from Lake County, host plant. When disturbed, the adult bug Indiana, and Texas. Since being described, usually rushes to the base of a leaf petiole, this species has also been collected in Illi- where it clasps its legs about the reddish nois, Mississippi, Oklahoma. stem of the plant in such a way that the Illinois Records. — Ashley: Aug. 7,

~~black body with its covering of silvery pu- 1917, 1~~

~~172 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1~~

Poecilocapsus Reuter Golconda, Grand Detour, Hardin, Havana, Joliet, Kankakee, Karnak, Manito, Morton Poecilocapsus lineatus (Fabricius) Grove, Mount Carmel, Oakwood, Odin, Palos Park, Quincy, Rockford, Rockton, Four-Lined Plant Bug Urbana, Vienna, Villa Ridge, Volo, War- Lygaeus lineatus Fabricius (1798, p. 541). saw, Waukegan, Willow Springs. Adult. — Fig. 167. Length 7.00-7.50, width 3.50. General color yellow or green Horcias Distant yellow, with four black lines on the dor- KEY TO SPECIES

1. Second antenna! segment clavate, its maximum diameter exceeding diameter of first segment; embolium white, cuneus rose colored; see frontispiece mini, p. 172 Second antennal segment slightly clavate, but its maximum diameter less than diameter of first segment 2

2. Rostrum not surpassing posterior margins of middle coxae; color black with scutellum frequently red fallax, p. 173 Rostrum extending nearly to posterior margins of hind coxae; color variable dislocatus, p. 173

~~Horcias illini ne\ species~~

~~This species is allied to dislocatus (Say),~~

~~but differs from it in being smaller, and in having a narrower vertex and more strongly clavate second antennal segment; in color,~~

~~it is very similar to dislocatus flavidus Knight, but the cuneus, calli and head are distinctly reddish; the color pattern appar-~~

ently is not variable. Fig. 167.— Poecilocapsus lineatus. Male.—Frontispiece. Length 5.20, width sum; certain specimens have the yellow of 2.70. Head width 1.12, vertex 0.43. Ros- the hemeleytra replaced by bright green. trum, length 1.95, nearly attaining hind mar- Host Plants.—A large number of her- gins of middle coxae. Antennae, first seg- baceous plants, especially dock {Rumex sp.) ment, black; ; length 0.74, thickness 0.14, occasionally becomes a pest on currant second, 1.86, thickness 0.15, slender at base bushes {Ribes sp.). Large numbers of speci- (0.07 thick), gradually enlarging to clavate mens were collected in Illinois on potato on apical half (0.15 thick), black, densely foliage {Solanum tuberosum) clothed with short, velvety, yellowish pu- Known Distribution. — Throughout bescence; third, length 0.82, basal one-fourth most of the eastern states and Canada. widened and pale brown, distal part slender Illinois Records.—Sixty-eight males, 129 and black; fourth, length 1.04, slender, black, females and 16 nymphs, taken May 7 to Sep- with narrow, tan area at base. Pronotum, tember, are from Algonquin, Anna, Antioch, length 1.21, width at base 2.04. Surface of Beach, Bishop, Bluff Springs, Carbondale, body smooth and shining; dorsum with Carlinville, Champaign, Chicago, Clarks- sparse and very fine pubescence. General ville. Cypress, Danville, Edgebrook, Eliza- coloration black and white with lighter areas bethtown. Fountain Bluff, Frankfort, Free- tinged with reddish. Head yellowish to red- port, Galena, Galesburg, Giant City State dish brown, frons with transverse reddish Park, Makanda, Glendon Park, Glen Ellyn, lines on either side. Pronotum white, a large ;

September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 173 quadrate, black area on either side behind tirely black. A large number of color com- calli, leaving median line, lateral margins of binations of this species have been given disk, and narrow area at basal edge, white varietal names. The Illinois material con- calli and area extending along lateral mar- tains representatives of the following in ad- gins of disk irregularly marked with red- dition to the typical form: rubellus Knight dish; propleura with two reddish rays ex- (1923^, p. 608), goniphoriis (Say) (1832, p. tending parallel to margins of disk. Meso- 21 ), gradus Knight ( 1923^/, p. 609), res id u us scutum and scutellum black, median line Van Duzee (1912, p. 484), coccineus (Em- white. Hemelytra black, broad white area mons) (1854, pi. 30, fig. 2), limbatellus along claval vein; claval suture black only (Walker) (1873. p. 93), affinis (Reuter) on basal half; embolium, narrow area along (1876. p. 74), flavidus Knight (1923^, p. radial vein, and wedge-shaped area on inner 609), scutatus Knight (1923^, p. 609), pal- apical area of corium, white; cuneus red- lipes Van Duzee (1912, p. 484), and nigritus dish, apex blackish, outer basal angle pale. Reuter (1909, p. 41). Two other varieties, Membrane uniformly dark brown. Ventral nigriclavus Knight (1923^, p. 609) and mar- surface reddish brown to black, a white line ginalis (Reuter) (1876, p. 75) have not been formed on either side of venter; also white recognized in the material collected here. mark extending across dorsal half of ostiolar Food Plants. — False Solomon's seal peritreme and side of sternum. Legs pale to {Smilacina racemosa), wild geranium {Ger- dark brown; coxae reddish brown; femora anium maculatum), figwort {Scrophularia paler on apical half, annulated with yellow- leporella) and occasionally papoose root

ish ; tibiae pale, tips and brown near apices {Caulophyllum thalictroides) . A few Illi- and knees dark, spines black; tarsi mostly nois specimens were collected also on clover pale, black apically. {Melilotus sp. and Trifolium sp.), oak Female.—Length 5.80, width 3.10. Head {Quercus sp.) and fleur-de-lis {Iris sp.). width 1.25, vertex 0.49. Antennae, first The different color varieties of this species segment, length 0.82; second, 2.12, greatest may occur on any of these food plants. thickness 0.15, clavate as in male; third, Known Distribution.—Known in its length 0.86. Pronotum, length 1.38, width various color forms from Maine westward at base 2.42. IVIore robust than male, but to Minnesota and southward to Pennsyl- very similar in color and pubescence. vania and Texas. Holotype, male. — Dongola, 111.: Mav Illinois Records. — One hundred forty 12, 1916. males, 155 females and 4 nymphs, collected Allotype, female. — Same data as for May 21 to June 30, are from Algonquin, holotype. Antioch, Beach, Bloomington, Castle Rock, Para types. —Illinois.—Dongola: May Champaign, Danville, Dubois, Elizabeth, Frankfort, Freeport, Galesburg, 9, 1 1 Glendon 1916, i ; Mav 12, 1916, i ; Mav 13, Park, 1 1 Glen EUyn, Grand Detour, Herod, 1916, c5 , $. The apparently restricted distribution of Homer, Joliet, Keithsburg, Le Roy, Manito, this beautiful new species seems worthy of Monticello, Mount Carmel, Muncie, Oak- remark. Future collections of specimens will wood, Oregon, Palos Park, Pecatonica, Riv- be received with great interest. erdale, St. Joseph, Springfield, Stratford, Urbana, Waukegan, White Heath, White Pines Horcias dislocatus (Say) Forest State Park, Willow Springs, Zion. Caps us dislocatus Say (1832, p. 21). Adults.—Length 6.20, width 3.00. Gen- Horcias fallax Reuter eral color of typical form pale rufo-sangui- neous. First and second antennal segments, Horcias Jallax Reuter fl909, p. 42). tylus, juga, base of vertex, two wedge- Male.—Length 5.10, width 2.10. Head shaped approximate spots on basal half of width 1.08, vertex 0.41. Rostrum, length pronotal disk, scutellum except median line, 1.86, just attaining posterior margins of inner half of clavus, inner apical angles of middle coxae. Antennae, first segment, corium, membrane, pleura, middle and hind length 0.60, thickness 0.12; second, 1.99, coxae, and the venter, black. thickness 0.11; third, length 0.80; fourth, This species varies in color from yellow length 0.95. Pronotum, length 1.08, width and brown, through red and black, to en- at base 1.86. General color black, shining, 174 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. I nearly glabrous; scutellum either red or is replaced by superbus Uhler, a quite vari- black. Propleura yellowish; rarely anterior able species. half of pronotum yellowish. Legs mostly Illinois Records.—Two hundred forty- yellowish with basal halves of middle and two males, 253 females and 1 nymph, col- hind coxae, tips of tibiae, and apical seg- lected May 15 to Nov. 4, are from Albion, ment of each tarsus, black; hind femora Algonquin, Allerton, Alton, Anna, Antioch, often with two fuscous annulations just before apex ; membrane and veins uniformly dark fuscous or black. Female.—Length 5.40, width 2.43. Some- what more robust than male, but very similar in coloration. Host Plants.—A good series of nymphs and adults were taken on wild gooseberry {Ribes oxyacanthoides) in Iowa, May 18 to 25 ; a few Illinois specimens were collected on willow {Salix sp.) and oak {Quer- cus sp.). Known Distribution.—Illinois, Indi- ana, Iowa, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin. Illinois Records.—Five males and 12 females, taken May 9 to June 30, are from Algonquin, Dongola, Galesburg, Glen Ellyn, Urbana, White Heath, Willow Springs.

~~Adelphocoris Reuter~~

~~KEY TO SPECIES~~

~~Hemelytra dark brown, broad pale area at costal margin, fig. 168; scutellum uniformly dark brown, leng h 6.80-7.40. . .~~

rapidus, p. 174 Hemelytra pale, costal edge black; scutellum light with two dark longitudinal lines; usually apical area of corium darkened, fig. 169; length 8.00 Fig. 168.— Adelphocoris rapidus. lineolatus, p. 175 Areola, Aurora, Beardstown, Beach, Bloom- Adelphocoris rapidus (Say) ington. Blue Island, Bluff Springs, Borton, Browns, Bushnell, Carbondale, Champaign, Capsus rapidus Say (1832, p. 20). Chicago, Darwin, Delavan, Dixon, Dolson, Adults.—Fig. 168. Length 6.80-7.40. Dubois, Last St. Louis, Elgin, Elizabeth- General color dark brown. Embolium and town, Erie, Fairmount, Farmer City, Foun- outer margin of cuneus light brown; prono- tain Bluff, Freeport, Galena, Galesburg, tum yellowish brown, basal half of disk us- Giant City State Park, Makanda, Glencoe, ually with two black spots; these spots some- Glen Ellyn, Golconda, Grand Detour, times fuse to form a transverse black mark. Grand Tower, Grand View, Hamilton, Host Plants.—Ordinarily breeds on Hardin, Hartsburg, Havana, Herod, Hilli- dock {Rumex sp.) in the northern states, ary, Hinsdale, Homer Park, Iroquois, but may breed on several other plants; Illi- Jonesboro, Kankakee, Karnak, Keithsburg, nois specimens have been collected on clover Lawrenceville, Mahomet, Marshall, Mason {TrifoUum sp. and Melilotus sp.) and yar- City, Metropolis, Milford, Monticello, row {Achillea sp.). Mound City, Mount Carroll, Muncie, Known Distribution.—A common spe- Normal, Oak Lawn, Oakwood, Ogden, cies in the eastern states and those west- Oquawka, Oregon, Palos Park, Pecatonica, ward to the 100th meridan; farther west it Princeton, Pulaski, Rockford, Rockton, St. September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 175

Anne, St. Joseph, Savanna, Seaton, Sey- yellowish ; membrane fuscous. Antennae mour, Shawneetown, Sparta, Springfield, yellowish to brown, apical half darker and Starved Rock State Park, Sun Lake, To- usually reddish brown. Legs yellowish; fem- peka, Ullin, Urbana, Vandalia, Vienna, ora with many black dots, anterior aspect Virginia, Volo, Ware, Waterman, Watseka, with two rows of somewhat larger spots; Waukegan, West Union, Willow Springs, tibial spines black, without distinct spots York, Zion. at bases. Body clothed with simple, pale yellowish pubescence, legs provided with black pubescence. Adelphocoris lineolatus (Goeze) Female.—Fig. 169. Length 7.50, width Alfalfa Plant Bug 2.90. More robust than male and usually somewhat paler in color, but otherwise very Cimex lineolatus Goeze (1778, p. 267). similar in form and coloration. Male.—Length 8.00, width 2.80. Head Host Plants.—Alfalfa {Medieago sa- width 1.36, vertex 0.42. Antennae, first seg- iiva) and sweet clover {Melilotus sp.) ; oc- ment, length 0.98; second, 2.87; third, 2.20; curs in limited numbers on other leguminous fourth, 1.30. Pronotum, length 1.30, width plants; also on many other succulent, herba- at base 2.25. General coloration pale yel- ceous plants. The bugs prefer to feed on lowish with a tinge of brown and dusky. flower buds and newly formed seeds, and Scutellum with two fine, longitudinal fus- may prove a pest where alfalfa and sweet cous marks on middle; corium usually with clover are grown for seed. a triangular fuscous area on apical half; a Known Distribution. — A European fine line along costal edge black; cuneus species first recorded from North America at Cape Breton, Nova Scotia (Knight 1922a), and later from Ames, Iowa, where adults were first collected June 18, 1929. They were probably imported as eggs in seeds, as about 700 samples were imported and grown at the agronomy farm at Ames in 1926 and 1927. The spread of this foreign

species to surrounding states is indicated to a certain extent by the collection dates placed in parentheses following the names of these states: Iowa (1929), Minnesota (1934), Il- linois (1935), Missouri (1935), South Da- kota (1935), Nebraska (1936), Wisconsin (1936), Kansas (1939), Manitoba (1939). Illinois Records. — Freeport: June 28, 1935, DeLong & Ross, 2$. Richmond:

~~June 25, 1938, at light, Ross & Burks, 1 i . Savanna: June 29, 1935, DeLong & Ross,~~

~~Stenotus Jakovlev~~

~~Stenotus binotatus (Fabricius)~~

Lygaeus binotatus Fabricius (1794, p. 172). Male.—Length 6.00, width 2.00. Chiefly yellowish green below; pronotum with two broad black rays; hemelytra yellowish orange, with two broad, irregular, longitudinal black stripes. Female.—Length 7.00, width 2.40; yellowish green, pronotum with two prominent black spots on disk, one behind each callus;

~~Fig. 169.— Adelphocoris lineolatus. corium with a longitudinal fuscous stripe. 176 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin FoL 22, Art. 1~~

Host Plants.—Orchard grass (Dacty- First antennal segment more pallid lis glomerata) and, to some extent, other than brown; gula and genae pallid Illinois specimens been col- grasses; have . pallidulus var. albigulus, p. 178 lected on orchard grass and timothy 6. Length of first antennal segment equal (Plileum pratense). to or greater than width of head ... 7 Known Distribution. — A European Length of first antennal segment less species now known from British Columbia, than width of head 9 Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Massachusetts, 7. Pronotum and scutellum with three Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New distinct yellowish stripes; first an- Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North tennal segment black, with few, if Carolina, Ohio, Ontario, Oregon, Pennsyl- any, pale spots trivittis, p. 178 vania, Quebec, Tennessee, Wisconsin. Pronotum and scutellum without dis- Illinois Records. —One hundred twenty- tinct stripes; first antennal seg- six males and 158 females, taken June 1 to ment pallid, marked with brown, or July 14, are from Antioch, Apple River brown with pallid marks 8 Canyon State Park. Bureau, Elizabeth, Ga- 8. Apical half of second antennal seg- lena, Hamilton, Hardin, Karnak, ^Marshall, ment black or very dark brown; Mason City, Monticello, Palos Park, Plain- scutellum with narrow, median, view, Putnam, Urbana, Warsaw, Wauke- yellowish line, this line sometimes gan, Zion.

obscured by brownish coloration. . evonymi, p. 178 Paracalocoris Distant Second antennal segment rather uniformly yellowish brown, in darkest KEY TO SPECIES specimens with black but only at apex; scutellum with light color 1. Hind tibiae thickly clothed with long, irregularly distributed; brown erect hairs which obscure tibial largely broken by minute, light- spines and are easily confused with colored spots salicis, p. 177 them scrupeus, p. 177 9. Dorsum dark brown, with several Hind tibiae with shorter and more large yellow patches: on apical half appressed hairs, especially on inner of scutellum, apex of clavus, middle side; hairs not easily confused with of corium, apex of embolium and true spines 2 outer half of corium, and three 2. Length of first antennal segment as areas on pronotum great as or greater than maximum multisignatus, p. 180 dorsal length of pronotum 3 Ground color dark brown, light- First antennal segment shorter than colored areas taking the form of pronotum 6 fine lines and small dots 10 3. Length of first antennal segment less 10. Basal half of second antennal segment than width of head plus dorsal width yellowish brown, but without nar- of an eye; length 6.00-6.50 row white annulus at middle or hawleyi, 178 p. base castus, p. 178 Length of first antennal segment equal Second antennal segment with a nar- to width of head plus dorsal width row white annulus near the middle of an eye, or greater 4 which separates black area on apical 4. Second antennal segment uniformly half from brownish basal half 11 Wack limbus, 178 p. 1 1 . Rostrum extending beyond hind coxae Second antennal segment i pale yellow- celtidis, p. 179 ish to brown, sometimes dark Rostrum not extending beyond hind brown, but never black; general coxae 12 coloration brownish, with minute 12. Second antennal segment dark, with pale spots 5 pale annulus at middle only; femora First 5. antennal segment reddish brown, dark at base, apical half with one with pallid spots; gula and genae large and several smaller white dark brown spots gleditsiae, p. 180 pallidulus var. pallidulus, p. 178 Second antennal segment with pale September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 177

annulus both near base and at mid- notum, length 1.35, width at base 2.06. Dor- dle; femora with broad, light-colored sum clothed with short, yellowish pubes- areas at base and middle cence, more golden on clavus, and with a few colon, p. 180 sericeous hairs on scutellum and clavus. Ground color pale yellowish, more or less Paracalocoris scrupeus (Say) clouded with dark brown; pronotal disk brown with several small, pale spots, some Capsus scrupeus Say (1832, p. 23). Male.—Length 6.00, width 2.50. Head, width 1.10, vertex 0.52. Rostrum, length 2.38, reaching to middle of hind coxae. An- tennae, first segment, length 1.25; second, 1.95; third, 0.82; fourth, 0.91. Pronotum, length 1.34, width at base 2.08. Varying in color from orange and black, through yellow and brown, to almost uniformly brown or tan. A large number of color combinations of this species have been given varietal names. Of these, besides the typical form, the following varieties, all described by McAtee (1916), have been taken in Illinois: delta, ardens, cunealis, par, sordidus, bidens, nubiliis, varius, compar, lucid us, percursiis, rubidus and triops. Host Plants.—Most frequently wild grape {litis sp.), but may occur on cultivated varieties of grape and, occasionally, on other woody plants. Illinois specimens were collected on grape, box elder {Acer negundo) , willow {Salix sp.), hop tree

{Ptelea trifoliaia) , hickory {Carya sp.), hawthorn {Crataegus sp.), dogbane {Apo- cynurn sp.) and dogwood {Cornus sp.). Illinois Records.—One hundred males and 150 females, taken 30 to May July 12, Fig. 170.— Paracalocoris salicis, 9. are from Algonquin, Antioch, Bureau, Dixon, Dolson, Elizabeth, Elizabethtown, of which coalesce behind outer margin of Frankfort, Freeport, Galena, Galesburg, each callus to suggest a ray; pale yellow- Grand Detour, Harvard, Havana, Joliet, ish median line of pronotum continued on Kampsville, Kankakee, Keithsburg, Kings- scutellum, where irregular dark color on ton, Monticello, Oakwood, Oquawka, Ore- either side of it is composed of aggregated gon, Palos Park, Putnam, Riverside, Sa- small dots. Hemelytra medium brown to vanna, Urbana, West Union, White Heath, dark brown, marked with pale dots in longi- Willow Springs, Zion. tudinal series, one row along middle of corium, another along radial vein; apex of

Paracalocoris salicis Knight embolium and inner apical angle of corium with broad, pale areas; clavus with a more Paracalocoris salicis Knight (1926;', p. 367). or less broad, pale mark along claval vein. Male.—Length 6.00, width 2.50. Head Cuneus very light yellow, with inner basal width 1.15, vertex 0.50. Rostrum, length angle, apex, and area extending back along 2.36, nearly attaining hind margins of pos- margin of membrane, brownish. Membrane terior coxae. Antennae, first segment, yellowish to brownish, darker at apex and length 1.18, slightly greater than width of areoles; veins white, brown around smaller head; second, 2.22, rather uniformly yellow- areole. Legs tan to yellowish, darkened with ish brown, somewhat darker at apex; third, brown, this dark color broken by numerous 0.89. black, narrow pale area at base. Pro- pale dots; basal third of tibiae, band at mid- . —

~~178 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1~~

die, and narrow band at apex, dark brown. 2.08, yellowish brown, apical two-fifths and Venter yellowish, sides with three indistinct, narrow area at base dark brown, without longitudinal, dark lines separated by three any indication of white annuli; third, 0.75, indistinct yellow ones. yellowish, apical half black; fourth, 1.03, Female.—Fig. 170. Length 6.40, width fuscous. Pronotum, length 1.21, width at 2.60. Head width 1.14, vertex 0.50. An- base 1.90. General color dark brown, with tennae, first segment, length 1.24; second, a few yellow spots on pronotum, apical area 2.22; third, 1.00; fourth, 0.98. Very similar of corium and on cuneus; scutellum with a to male in pubescence and coloration. slender, median yellowish line. Membrane Host Plant. — Sandbar willow {Salix fuscous, with a yellowish spot near tip of longifolia). cuneus; veins fuscous, pale at apex of larger Known Distribution.—Colorado, Illi- areole. Dorsum clothed with yellowish to nois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, golden, sericeous pubescence intermixed with Nebraska, Pennsylvania, South Dakota. a lesser amount of simple pubescence. Legs Illinois Records. — Twenty-two males dark brown; femora with rows of small and 31 females, taken May 27 to July 26, yellowish spots, hind femora each with a are from Alton, Bureau, Elizabethtown, large yellowish spot dorsally near middle Freeport, Golconda, Herod, Kampsville, of apical half; each tibia with a broad, yel- Lilly, Monticello, Oquawka, Oregon, Palos lowish band at middle and just before apex; Park, Pulaski, Rockford, St. Joseph, Sa- tarsi brown to fuscous. vanna, Seymour, West Union, Willow Female.—Length 5.40, width 2.60. Head bprings, York. width 1.11, vertex 0.51. Antennae, first segment, length 1.03; second, 1.99; third,

Paracalocoris hawleyi Knight 0.91 ; fourth, 1.12. Pronotum, length 1.38, width at base 2.12. More robust than male, Paracalocoris hawleyi Knight (1916^, p. 377). but very similar in pubescence and colora- Not taken in Illinois; known from Mas- tion. sachusetts, New York, Ohio. Occurs on Host Plant.—Virginia creeper {Psedera cultivated hop {Hamulus japonicus). quinquefolia) Known Distribution.—District of Co- Paracalocoris limbus McAtee lumbia, Florida, Illinois, Iowa, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Paracalocoris limbus McAtee (1916, p. 380). Jersey, New York, Ohio, Vermont. Not taken in Illinois; known from Geor- Illinois Records. Algonquin: June 24, gia, Maryland, Massachusetts, New York, 1894, 1 $ . Antioch: July 5-7, 1932, T. H. Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia. \ 1 Frison, $ , $ . Havana: July 12, 1932,

Dozier & Park, 1 9 . White Pines Forest Paracalocoris pallidulus McAtee State Park: July 4, 1932, Dozier & Mohr, \$. Paracalocoris hawleyi var. pallidulus McAtee (1916, p. 380). Paracalocoris trivittis Knight Not taken in Illinois; known from Minne- sota, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, On- Paracalocoris trivittatus Knight (1926y, p. tario; feeds on apple (Pyrus mains) and 371). Preoccupied. Paracalocoris trivittis Knight (1930^, p. hawthorn {Crataegus sp.). The variety al- 812). bigulus Knight {\9ZQd, p. 823) is generally Known only from Mississippi. lighter in color than the typical form.

Paracalocoris evonymi Knight Paracalocoris castus McAtee Paracalocoris evonymi Knight (1930^, p. Paracalocoris colon var. castus McAtee (1916, 812). p. 382). Male.—Length 6.10, width 2.70. Head Male.—Length 5.40, width 2.30. Head width 1.13, vertex 0.54. Rostrum, length width 1.04, vertex 0.45. Rostrum, length 2.25, reaching to middle of .hind coxae, yel- 1.95, just reaching to middle of hind coxae. low with apex black. Antennae, first seg- Antennae, first segment, length 0.88, dark ment, length 1.25, pale, with reticulated brown with a few yellowish spots; second. brown marks and spots; second, 2.25, nar- .

~~September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 179~~

row area at base black, bordered by a pale Illinois Records. — Elizabethtown : annulus, then yellowish brown to middle, May 27-31, 1932, on redbud, H. L. Dozier, where a slightly paler annulus separates this 3 $ . Oquawka: June 13, 1932, on Acer from the black on apical half; third, 0.97, negundo, H. L. Dozier, 1 9 . pale, distal half black; fourth, 1.12, blackish, paler at base. Pronotum, length 1.38, Paracalocoris celtidis Knight width at base 2.12; dark brown; disk with a few pale spots ; median line pale although it Paracalocoris celtidis Knight (1930^, p. 810). may be indistinct near basal margin, basal Male.—Length 5.70, width 2.60. Head edge yellowish; discal spots black, inner and width 1.14, vertex 0.56. Rostrum, length outer margins bordered by yellow. Scutel- 2.70, extending to fifth abdominal segment, lum dark brown, median line with a slender tan to yellowish pale mark; small spot near each basal angle, with last two segments black. Antennae, and a few even smaller dots near middle first segment, length 1.00, and apex, yellow. Hemelytra dark brown dark brown to black, with several small, to black; area at inner half of clavus bor- white, glabrous spots and set with several dering scutellum black; corium with a few erect, black setae; second, 2.25, black, with vague, yellowish spots; radial vein yellow pale annulus at middle; third, 0.91, fuscous on basal half. Cuneus mostly dark brown, to black, yellowish at base; fourth, 0.95, with outer edge and area extending across black, with a narrow yellowish area at base. Pronotum, length 1.30, width at base 2.00; middle yellowish ; light-colored area on disk appearing more as spots than as uniform disk dark brown to black, with pale spots; color. Membrane dark fuscous to black; a calli and areas surrounding discal spots yel- rather large, yellowish spot on margin near low to yellowish brown ; area between calli apex of cuneus and a smaller one on middle white, this color extending back along me- of larger areole; vein at apex of larger dian line to base as a white line, basal half areole yellowish. Legs tan, with bases of of line apparently produced by the joining coxae more or less fuscous and apical halves of several spots. Scutellum brown, with of femora spotted with brown, this colora- yellowish, more or less confluent spots; tion on apical third of hind femora inter- median line yellowish, except at apex, but rupted by a few minute, yellow spots; tibiae this line joined by so many spots that each with two brown bands, apices only its outline is largely obscured. Hem- slightly darkened; tarsi pale, apices black. elytra black and brown, with minute yel- Venter of thorax dark brown, darker at lowish spots, these more prominent along sides; ventral surface of abdomen yellowish radial vein and near apex of embolium. on basal half, sides rather uniformly very Cuneus largely white due to the numerous dark brown, except on second, or first visible, and confluent white spots; apex and para- segment, where two more or less indistinct cuneus black. Membrane dark fuscous or pale marks occur. Dorsum clothed with yel- black, with disk of larger areole, apical half lowish to golden, recumbent, sericeous pu- of membrane except large spot bordering bescence intermixed with a few obscure, apex of larger areole, and spot at middle of simple hairs. outer margin, yellowish. Legs yellow, P'emale. 5.80, —Length width 2.80. Head marked with brown ; distal half of femora width 1.16, vertex 0.56. Antennae, first seg- with black ground color, which is cut into ment, length 1.21; second, 2.20; third, 1.00; small areas by numerous white spots; hind fourth, 1.12. Pronotum, length 1.35, width femora with one much larger white spot at base 2.16. Slightly more robust than on middle of dorsal aspect; tibiae with apex, male, but very similar in pubescence and band at middle, and a broader band at base, coloration. brown, the last somewhat broken by white Host Plant.—Waahoo or burning bush spots; tarsi pale, apices black. Venter dark

{Evonymus atropurpureus) ; a single speci- brown, varied with white and yellowish men was taken in this state on box elder marks; sides tending toward black, with three rows of obliquely placed, yellow {Acer negundo) ; others were taken on redbud {Cercis canadensis) dashes. Dorsum clothed with recumbent, Known Distribution.— Illinois, Iowa, pale to golden yellow, sericeous pubescence, Ohio, western New York. intermixed with less prominent, simple, fus- . — — .

180 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1 cous hairs; femora with several prominent, lines. Legs reddish brown, irregularly bristlelike white hairs, much as in gledit- marked with white dots; femora much a siae Knight; tibiae with several yellowish, darker at bases; hind pair with large setose hairs which may be longer than true white spot on dorsal aspect beginning at spines, but these spines much thicker and middle; tibiae with white band at middle. brown in color. Female.—Length 5.80, width 2.70. Head Female.—Length 6.00, width 2.60. Head width 1.12, vertex 0.54. Antennae, first seg- width 1.14, vertex 0.56. Antennae, first ment, length 0.99; second, 1.92; third, 0.75; segment, length 1.04; second, 2.03; third, fourth, 0.78. Pronotum, length 1.30, width 0.95; fourth, 1.29. Pronotum, length 1.34, at base 2.04. Very similar to male in pu- width at base 2.12. Slightly more robust bescence and coloration. than male, but very similar in pubescence Host Plant.—Honey locust {Gleditsia and coloration. triacantbos) ; also collected on black locust Host Plant.—Hackberry trees {Celtis {Robinia pseudoacacia). occidentalis) Known Distribution. — Illinois, Indi- Known Distribution. — Illinois and ana, Iowa, Ohio. Iowa. Illinois Records. Danville: June 8,

~~1 . : Illinois Records. Illinois: 1 9 • Ur- 1902, Titus & Kahl, $ Elizabethtown bana: July 16, 1932, C. O. Mohr, 1 ? . May 27-31, 1932, on Robinia pseudoacacia, H. L. Dozier, \ $, 4$. New Holland:~~

Burks, 3 , 4 . St. Paracalocoris gleditsiae Knight May 28, 1936, Mohr & ^ $ Joseph: June 17, 1932, T. H. Frison, 1 $ . Paracalocoris gleditsiae Knight (19267, p. 370). Paracalocoris multisignatus Reuter This is allied to colon (Say) by key Paracalocoris multisignatus Reuter (1909, characters and it is distinguished from p. 40). colon by having several prominent, erect, Known from District of Columbia, bristlelike hairs on the hind femora; the Georgia, Indiana, Maryland, Mississippi, length of each of these hairs is greater than New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Okla- the thickness of a tibia. homa, Texas, Virginia. It should eventually Male.—Length 5.40, width 2.20. Head be found in southern Illinois. Breeds on width 1.05, vertex 0.47. Rostrum, length wild grape {litis rotundifolia) 2.04, reaching to middle of hind coxae. An- tennae, first segment, length 0.89, dark red- Paracalocoris colon (Say) dish brown with a few small white dots; second, 1.90, dark brown, with a pale an- Capsus colon Say (1832, p. 25). nulus at the middle and a somewhat lightei Adults.—Length 5.80, width 2.50; length brown area before annulus; third, 0.81, dark of pronotum 1.33. Antennae, first segment, brown to fuscous, paler at base; fourth, length 1.10, brownish, spotted with yellow, 0.83, fuscous, a narrow yellowish area at spots more or less confluent, clothed with base. Pronotum, length 1.20, width at base black semierect hairs which are hardly as

1.86; dark brown, basal half of disk black, long as segment is thick; second, 2.22, nar- slender area at base yellowish, and with row area at base and apical one-third black, seven or eight pale spots on sub-basal mar- area betAveen brownish, but with pale an- gin, area bordering outer margin of black nulus bordering black, pubescence fine; third, discal spots, and four short, longitudinal 0.97, pale to fuscous, becoming darker at marks between, yellow to white. Scutellum apex; fourth, 1.08, pale fuscous, darker at dark brown, with slender line and irregu- apex. Dorsum pale yellowish to grayish or lar marks on either side near apex pale. dark brown, spotted with yellow, in paler Hemelytra dark brown, somewhat paler at specimens brown forming large spots; base of corium and apex of clavus ; embo- clothed with pale yellowish to golden pu- lium, corium and cuneus with several small, bescence ; membrane fuscous, with a spot yellowish or white dots. Membrane infus- at middle and on either side near tip of cu- cated, veins about apex of larger areole neus yellowish. Ventral surface brownish, white. Venter with sides dark brown, each each segment with two or three longitudinal, segment with three yellow marks which, yellow marks on sides. Legs yellow^ish ; api- taken together, suggest broken, longitudinal cal third of femora and two bands on tibiae September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 181

brownish, this color spotted with yellow; in slightly flattened, black hairs; third, 0.99, dark specimens, hind femora developing a slender, black, yellowish at base; fourth, brownish patch on basal half. 1.00, black. Pronotum, length 0.78, width Food Plant.—Collected on gooseberry at base 1.22. General color black; collar, {Ribes sp.) in Illinois. broad area on median line of scutellum, Known Distribution.—District of Co- inner margin of clavus, embolium, and lumbia, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, New- outer margin of cuneus, yellowish to white; Jersey, New York. legs and venter, except genital segment, Illinois Records.— Eleven males and 8 orange colored. females, taken May 29 to July 14, are from Female.—Length 5.40, width 1.81. Head Anna, Forest City, Hardin, Havana, Keiths- width 0.91, vertex 0.36. Antennae, first seg- burg, Manito, Palos Park, Quincy, White ment, length 0.86, yellow to orange; second, Heath, White Pines Forest State Park. 1.77, fusiform, greatest thickness 0.17; third, 1.00; fourth, 1.08. Pronotum, length 0.86, Garganus Stal width at base 1.35. More robust than male, but very similar in pubescence and colora- Garganus fusiformis (Say) tion. Host Plants. — Coltsfoot {Tussilago Capsiis Jusijormis Say (1832, p. 24).

farfara) ; Illinois specimens were taken also Male.—Fig. 171. Length 5.10, width on smartweed {Polygonum sp.). 1.60. Head width 0.86, vertex 0.30. Rostrum, Known Distribution. Alabama, Con- length 1.86, slightly exceeding posterior mar- — necticut, District of Columbia, Florida, gins of hind coxae. Antennae, first segment, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Mary- length 0.95, orange colored and with short, land, Massachusetts, Missouri, North Caro- fuscous pubescence; second, 1.86, fusiform, lina, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Ontario, thickness 0.13, black, thickly clothed with Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia. Illinois Records.—Sixty-six males, 46 fe-

males and 1 nymph, taken June 14 to Oct. 6, are from Algonquin, Alto Pass, Browns, Cairo, Carbondale, Carmi, De Soto, Dixon Springs, Dolson, East St. Louis, Elizabeth, Elizabethtown, Galesburg, Grand Tower, Grandview, Herod, Karnak, Metropolis, Milo, Mount Carmel, Normal, Pulaski, Temple Hill, Urbana, West Pullman.

~~Neurocolpus Renter KEY TO SPECIES~~

~~1. Length of first antennal segment three- fifths or more length ot second segment 2 Length ot first antennal segment not, or only slightly, exceeding one-halt length of second segment 3~~

~~2. Length of first antennal segment nearly three-fourths length of second segment; tip of rostrum surpassing posterior margins of hind coxae~~

~~tiliae, p. 182 Length of first antennal segment not more than two-thirds length of second segment; tip of rostrum reaching posterior margins of hind~~

~~Fig. 171.—Garganus fusiformis^ cf. coxae nubilus, p. 182 ;~~

~~182 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin J'ol. 22, Art. 1~~

Monticello, City, Carmel, 3. Hind femora pale with apical one- Mound Mount fourth black jessiae, p. 183 Muncie, Oakwood, Oregon, Palos Park, Hind femora fuscous or reddish on Parker, Quincy, Savanna, Seymour, Shaw- basal half rubidus, p. 183 neetown, Urbana, Volo, Wauconda, West Union, Winchester, York. Neurocolpus nubilus (Say) Neurocolpus tiliae Knight Capsus nubiliis Say (1832, p. 22).

Male.—Length 6.50, width 2.50. Head Neurocolpus tiliae Knight (1934, p. 162). width 1.12, vertex 0.52. Rostrum, length Male.—Fig. 172. Length 5.70, width 2.70, just attaining posterior margins of 2.30. Head width 1.00, vertex 0.48. Ros- hind coxae. Antennae, first segment, length trum, length 2.55, exceeding posterior mar- 1.34, moderately compressed, width 0.28, gins of hind coxae, extending to fourth ven- pale, with irregular brown marks, clothed tral segment. Antennae, first segment, with prominent, flattened black hairs inter- length 1.43, slightly compressed, greatest mixed with erect, white bristles; second, width 0.24 near middle, clothed with erect, 2.42, yellowish brown, reddish brown to flattened, black hairs, intermixed with erect, black on slightly thickened apical one-third slightly longer, simple, yellowish hairs, third, 0.88, black, pale at base; fourth, 0.86, orange yellow, irregularly marked with red- blackish. Pronotum, length 1.43, width at dish or fuscous dots; second, 2.03, slender, base 2.12; pale greenish yellow; disk with becoming clavate on apical third (width ii regular brownish marks; basal half clothed 0.15), pale, thickened part dark red to black- with erect, slightly flattened black hairs, in- ish; third, 0.78, yellowish, apical third black termixed with pale, simple and a few more with a reddish cast; fourth, 0.74, fuscous. recumbent, sericeous hairs. Scutellum yel- Pronotum, length 1.25, width at base 1.82, lowish, irregularly marked with brown. basal margin distinctly sinuate at middle. Hemelytra brownish to fuscous, the darker Dorsal aspect yellowish to orange red, hem- color broken by minute yellowish dots and elytra with a considerable number of yel- irregular spots; cuneus darker at base and lowish spots which are larger and, in part.

apex ; membrane fuscous with a pale marginal spot behind cuneus; veins brown, yellowish apically. Legs tan; femora showing brownish markings; hind pair with brownish band at middle of apical half; space before band and at apex, yellowish or white; irregular brownish markings usually breaking paler color; tibiae with band at middle and at apex dark brown or fuscous and with another irregular one of same color near base. Female.—Length 7.00, width 2.60. More robust than male, but very similar in pubescence and coloration. Host Plant.—Buttonbush {Cephalan-

thus Occident alls) ; Illinois specimens also were collected on Cottonwood {Populus deltoides), Kentucky coffee tree {Gymnoclad- us dioica) and willow (Salix sp.). Known Distribution.—Common in all the eastern states and southeastern Canada. Illinois Records.—One hundred twenty- six males and 119 females, taken May 24 to Sept. 2, are from Algonquin, Alton, Antioch, Ashley, Browns, Champaign, Chicago, De- catur, Dolson, Dubois, Duncan Mills, East St. Louis, Elizabethtown, Frankfort, Ga- lena, Grand Tower, Havana, Herod,

~~Horseshoe Lake, Karnak, Keithsburg, Lilly, Fig. 172.— Neurocolpus tiliae, c?'. . ;~~

~~September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 183~~

confluent on cuneus; scutellum paler, irre- black; front and middle femora with irregularly marked with dark granulate reticu- gular fuscous areas at apices; tibiae pallid; lations; pronotum yellowish, usually dark- front and middle pairs with bases, apices, ened by hypodermal reddish granulations; and two narrow rings between, fuscous propleura pale; coxal cleft crossed by two hind tibiae with basal one-fourth and broad irregular dark rays. Membrane fuscous, a band just below middle, black; apices fus- rounded spot on either side touching margin; cous; tarsi yellowish, apical segment largely discal spot, and areas bordering cuneus black. within areoles, less dark. Hemelytra clothed Female.—Length 6.50, width 2.30. Very with golden, slightly sericeous, recumbent similar to male in form and coloration. pubescence, intermixed with some simple, Habits.—Nymphs and adults were col- pale to fuscous hairs; pronotum with much lected "from panicles of elder fruit" at Ur- longer hairs. Body beneath tan to yellow- bana, by C. A. Hart. ish; sides of thorax and abdomen darkened Known Distribution.— Illinois, Iowa, with reddish and fuscous; two paler longi- Massachusetts, Missouri, IVIississippi, New tudinal lines running through dark color. York, Ontario, Texas. Legs tan to yellowish; hind femora darkened Illinois Records.—Northern Illinois:

~~apical half 1 . 1 1 on with reddish and fuscous and $ Galesburg: i ; July 27, 1892, $ ,~~

flattened, 1 I • provided with a few black hairs; 9 ; July 24, 1892, 9 Urbana: July 20, tibiae pale to reddish, not distinctly banded. 1889, from panicles of elder fruit, C. A. 2.30. 11 in forest, Female.—Length 5.60, width Very Hart, c? , 16 9 ; July 21, 1889,

~~in 1 similar to male form and coloration. C. A. Hart, 9 ; July 24, 1889, on elder~~

sp.), • Host Plant.—Basswood {Tilia ameri- {Sambucus C. A. Hart, 2 ,5 , 9 9 cana) Known Distribution.— Illinois, Iowa, Neurocolpus rubidus Knight Aiinnesota, New York, Ontario. Neurocolpus rubidus Knight (1934, p. 164). Illinois Records.—Northern Illinois: Male.—Length 6.00, width 2.10. Head 3o. Algonquin: July 17, 1896, 1$. width 1.00, vertex 0.41. Rostrum, length Frankfort: June 8, 1933. Mohr & Town- 2.30, just attaining posterior margins of hind send, 1 $ . Galesburg: July 24, 1892, 4 9 • coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 1.04, Urbana: July 4, 1915, on tree trunk, 1 9 . compressed, greatest width 0.22 near middle, reddish, irregularly and closely marked with Neurocolpus jessiae Knight yellowish, usually flattened, black hairs

Neurocolpus jessiae Knight (1934, p. 163). abundant, intermixed with somewhat longer, Male.—Length 6.30, width 2.34. Head pale to fuscous, bristlelike hairs; second, width 1.08, vertex 0.43. Rostrum, length 2.16, slender, gradually thickened (width 2.50, extending nearly to hind margins of 0.12) on apical half, yellowish, apical half posterior coxae. Antennae, first segment, reddish; third, 0.82, fuscous, pale at base; length 1.25, slightly compressed, greatest fourth, 0.83, black. Pronotum, length 1.12, width (0.22) near middle, the black scale- width at base 1.73. General coloration red- like hairs only moderately conspicuous, these dish, in dark specimens fuscous appearing on hairs intermixed with a few more nearly hemelytra. Embolium and scutellum with erect, black bristles, this segment very dark several yellowish spots; membrane dark brown, closely and irregularly spotted with fuscous, a pale spot on either side at mar- yellowish; second, 2.64, slender, distal half gin; veins dark; apical curve of cubitus red- gradually tapering to become thicker api- dish. Dorsum clothed with golden, seri- cally, part black, basal half yellowish; third, ceous pubescence intermixed with simple 1.08, black, yellowish at base; fourth, 1.11, yellowish to fuscous hairs; distinct black black. Pronotum, length 1.34, width at base hairs on pronotum. Femora reddish ; hind 1.95. Dorsum chiefly black, with basal half pair with a distinct yellowish spot above, of cuneus, spots on embolium and scutellum, slightly beyond middle; tibiae yellowish, two and more or less broad area on anterior narrow reddish rings on front and middle half of pronotum, tan to yellowish; body be- pair; reddish areas on middle and basal one- neath pallid to yellowish, sides of thorax fourth of hind pair. and venter more or less infuscated. Legs Female.—Length 6.20, width 2.34. Very pallid; apical one-fourth of hind femora similar to male in form and coloration. —

~~184 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1~~

Known Distribution. — Connecticut, 1. Antennae more black or fuscous than Illinois. Kansas, New York, Ohio. pallid; if second segment has a broad, Illinois Record. Northern Illinois: pale area at middle, then dorsum 2c?, 2$. chiefly dark brown to black; general coloration dark brown or black on a less dark background Phytocoris Fallen Group II, p. 191 KEY TO GROUPS Antennae more nearly pale, yellowish or reddish rather than dark brown

1. Wing membrane confusedly sprinkled or black; second segment sometimes with discolored or dark spots, or with partly brown, but with larger pallid numerous, minute, pale spots; me- than brown areas; general coloration dian lobe of male genital structure usually yellowish to reddish on a

~~provided with a flagellum that lacks paler background. . .Group IV, p. 201~~

~~1 distinct teeth, fig. 1 75 . Group I, p. 84 Group I KEY TO SPECIE3~~

~~1. First antennal segment greatly thickened; thickness nearly equal to dor-~~

~~sal width of an eye, fig. 173 2 First antennal segment more slender; thickness distinctly less than dorsal~~

~~width of an eye, fig. 174 3~~

~~2. Basal three-fou ths of second antennal segment yellowish, apical one-fourth black or very dark brown lasiomerus, p. 185 173 174 Second antennal segment uniformly yellowish, or very slightly dusky~~

Fig. 173.—Head and first antenna! segment only at apex. . . pallidicornis, p. 185 of Phytocoris lasiomerus. 3. Second antennal segment dusky yel- Fig. 174.—Head and first antennal segment low to pale brown, white at base; of Phytocoris conspurcatus. clavus pallid; corium with an oblique, dark brown band on basal Wing membrane marbled, uniformly half that joins a brown area ex- dark brown or uniformly light col- tending along claval suture; length ored, never with many minute spots 3.80-4.00 breviusculus, p. 190 (except perhaps in some forms of Second antennal segment chiefly quercicold)\ margins of dark areas of black, usually with white bands. . . 4 membrane sometimes separating 4. Second antennal segment black at into small specks, but general effect base, with a light-colored band more mottled than spotted; median more distad; length of first antennal lobe of male genital structure with a segment greater than width of pro- flagellum bearing distinct teeth, figs. notum at base; four small, black, 176, 178 2 conical projections, two on either 2. Length of first antennal segment less side of median line, present near than width of head 3 posterior margin of pronotum Length of first antennal segment great- antennalis, p. 185 er than width of head 4 Second antennal segment with a light- 3. First segment of antennae red with colored band at base, black beyond 5 yellow spots Group IV, p. 201 5. Third antennal segment with pale First segment of antennae not red band at base and at middle 6 I with yellow spots, but yellow, yellow Third antennal segment with pale I with dark spots or brown to almost band at base only, or annuli en- \\ black Group III, p. 199 tirely wanting 7 I ;

~~September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 185~~

Dorsum bearing both black and white equal to or greater than width of scalelike hairs, which are turned on pronotum at base, .albifacies p. 186 edge; ventral half ot propleura pal- Length of first antennal segment not lid, but no distinct white line present equal to width of pronotum at base 13 above middle of coxal clett 13. Femora black; hind pair with an ob- conspurcatus, p. 188 lique, subapical white band, usually Dorsum without distinct scalelike a few small pallid dots nearby;

hairs; propleura white with dorsal length 6.50. . . tuberculatus, p. 187 margin black and a clear-cut, black Femora more pallid than black, apical line extending across ventral half half darkened with fuscous and of coxal cleft to basal margin broken by numerous large and small davisi, p. 187 pallid spots; length 6.00 Second antennal segment with a sulcatus p. 190 broad, pale yellowish to dusky area at middle, dark fuscous only at Phytocoris lasiomerus Reuter apex and next to pale band at base; species, 5.10 small, slender length Phytocoris lasiomerus Reuter (1909, p. 34). minutulus, p. 1 88 Known from Colorado, Iowa, Maine, Second antennal segment black with Massachusetts, Minnesota, Montana, New a pale band at base, but, at most, York, Ontario, Quebec, Washington, Wis- only a narrow, pallid band at mid- consin, Wyoming. Not as yet recorded from dle 8 Illinois, but should be found in the northern Corium with a longitudinal black part. vitta on middle ot apical half, set on a grayish background, radius in- Phytocoris pallidicornis Reuter dicated by an interrupted series of Phytocoris pallidicornis Reuter (1876, p. 69). black dots; length of first antennal segment equal to distance between Known from British Columbia, Colorado, tylus and basal margin of pronotum Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minne- second antennal segment with a sota, Montana, New Hampshire, New Dakota, Wisconsin. Not yet light-colored area at base which is York, North interrupted on ventral side by a taken in Illinois, but should be found in the black line vittatus, p. 190 northern part. Corium without a distinct longitudi- Phytocoris antennalis Reuter nal black vitta on a grayish background 9 Phytocoris antennalis Reuter (1909, p. 32). Hind femora very dark brown, apical Male.—Length 5.10, width 1.60. Head

half with small, pale dots only. . . . width 0.90, vertex 0.42 ; testaceous to very fumatus, p. 188 dark brown; tylus white with middle third Hind femora black, with a large light- black. Antennae, first segment, length 1.28, colored band or numerous large, very dark brow-n, inner surface marked with pale spots 10 four or five pale spots; second, 2.56, black, 10. Lower half of head black, or pallid and with a narrow, light-colored annulus slight-

marked with black 11 ly distad of base and a second, broader light Lower half of head white; tylus band slightly beyond middle; third, 1.66, blackish only at base 12 fusco-brownish, pale at base; fourth, 1.44, 11, Second antennal segment with light- fuscous. Pronotum, length 0.79, width at colored band at middle; mesopleura base 1.43, testaceous to brownish and be- uniformly black coming black on area bordering sinuate pale

corticevivens, p. 186 area at posterior margin; two small, coni- Second antennal segment without cal projections on either side of middle near light-colored band at middle; mes- posterior margin; propleura black, a pale opleura with pallid ray appearing ray extending across top of coxal cleft. Scu- as an extension of that on propleura tellum testaceous to fuscous, with a slender, purvus, p. 187 nearly obsolete, pale median line. Hemely-

~~12. Length of first antennal segment tra testaceous to fuscous and clothed with 186 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1~~

segments black. Antennae, first segment, yellowish, black and white pubescence ; embolium with an elevated black spot at apex, length 1.80, black, dorsal aspect with two also with a black area at middle which is smooth, white spots on apical half and four broken by pale marks; cerium with a darker or five smaller spots on basal half, spines area bordering clavus and a dark spot at both fuscous and light colored, short, length middle on outer margin; cuneus reddish to scarcely equal to thickness of segment; sec- black along outer margin and at apex, with ond, 3.30, mostly black, almost colorless at a black tuft of hairs at middle of inner base for a space of 0.23, and a pale annulus margin and a second one near inner basal of equal length beginning at middle; third, angle. Membrane rather densely marbled 1.77, black, paler at base; fourth, 1.31, with fuscous; more uniformly fuscous api- black. Pronotum, length 1.06, width at cally and at base and with a somewhat base 1.69; black, with lower margin of pro- light-colored area near apex of cuneus, this pleura, xyphus, and collar to a point behind spot invaded by fuscous marks; veins fus- lower margin of eye, white; disk more or cous. Coxae white, with small lateral areas less fuscous, basal margin somewhat pale, at base dusky red. Femora black, less dark with two black, elevated spots on either side line. black; at base ; hind pair with light spots on ven- of median Scutellum fuscous to tral aspect and a rather distinct, subapical, basal angles and apex pale. Hemelytra light band on dorsal aspect; front pair black; with several small spots on embolium, mostly pale, with a longitudinal black bar base of cuneus, a triangular spot at apex of on apical half of anterior face. Front tibiae corium and spot near middle, tending to- •.eddish to black, with a pale annulus at ward pale. Membrane mostly very dark middle of apical half, a narrower one near brown with paler areas sprinkled with fus- middle of basal half and a third, nearly cous dots; cubitus almost entirely colorless. Sternum pleura black, margins border- obsolete one, near base ; intermediate tibiae and chiefly light, but marked with dark reddish; ing coxae pale. Venter principally black, hind pair light colored, with variable dark with most of ventral area light except on brown marks; tarsi fuscous. Venter black, last segment. Legs black with almost color- ^ sides irregularly tinged with reddish; geni- less marks much as in corticevivens Knight; ^| tal segment bearing, above base of left femora black, with numerous minute, pale clasper, a broad, erect tubercle with a spots, a somewhat larger, light-colored spot vague apical notch and another smaller indicating an oblique, subapical annulus. tubercle above base of right clasper; clasp- Dorsum clothed with rather short, black, ers distinctive for species. simple pubescence intermixed with silvery Female.—Length 6.20, width 1.90; more and golden, silky pubescence. robust than male, but very similar in color- Male.—Length 6.00, width 2.00. Very ation. similar to female in coloration, although Habits. — Usually collected at lights; generally darker. Genital claspers distinc- probably predacious. tive and indicating a close relationship to Known Distribution.—District of Co- corticevivens. lumbia, Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, Habits.—Occurs on the bark of pecan Mississippi, New York, Oklahoma, Vir- trees where it is probably predacious. ginia. Known Distribution. — Illinois and Illinois Record. — Champaign: June Mississippi.

~~13, 1888, C. A. Hart, 1 ^ . Illinois Record. — Harrisburg: June~~

15, 1934, at lights, DeLong & Ross, 1 $ . Phytocoris albifacies Knight Phytocoris corticevivens Knight Phytocoris albifacies Knight (1926^, p. 159). Female.—Length 5.90, width 2.30. Head Phytocoris corticevivens Knight (1920, p. 63, width 1.11, vertex 0.46. Lower half of face, pi. I, fig. 6). or ventrad to a line running through base Male.—Length 6.60, width 2.30. Head of tylus and lower margin of eyes, white; width 1.04, vertex 0.39. Rostrum, length vertex more or less colorless, a curved, white 3.03, reaching fifth abdominal sternite. An- mark touching inner margin of each eye. tennae, first segment, length 1.60, black, Rostrum, length 3.43, attaining base of basal half with five or six small, smooth, ovipositor, white, with third and fourth white spots, each bearing a few erect, short ;

~~September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 187~~

bristles; second, 3.00, very dark brown, pale yellowish, silky hairs. General color uith a pallid band at base and another, nar- fuscous to black; pronotum and scutellum row one at middle; third, 1.69, black, pallid with paler areas; embolium with small pal- only at base; fourth, 1.30, black. Pronotum, lid spots. Membrane fuscous, paler areas length 1.16, width at base 1.90. Dorsum stippled with small fuscous dots. Legs black, clothed with rather short, recumbent, black coxae light colored, hind femora with an pubescence intermixed with yellowish to oblique white band near apex and a few golden, silky hairs. General coloration small, pallid spots an apical half. Genital black, with small, light-colored spots on claspers, flagellum, long tubercle above base embolium, between calli, on apical area of of left clasper, and shorter one above right corium, and a narrow, pale area at base of clasper, distinctive for species, fig. 175. cuneus. Membrane almost colorless, thick- Female.—Length 6.90, width 2.55. More ly and rather uniformly marbled with fusco- robust than male; very similar in coloration, brownish. Legs black; hind femora with a but dorsum often lighter in color. few small, light spots; entire coxae light Habits.—Collected chiefly at lights. colored, except at bases; tibiae with two Known Distribution. — Illinois, Indi- pallid bands, those of hind pair becoming ana, Michigan, Missouri, New York, North obsolete, spots and spines of tibiae almost Carolina, Oklahoma, Texas, Wisconsin. white. Genital claspers distinctive, fig. 175, Illinois Records. — Galesburg: 1^. a small tubercle present above base of each Urbana: June 20, 1909, 1 i . clasper. Female.—Length 6.80, width 2.50. More Phytocoris davisi Knight robust than male, but very similar in color and pubescence. Phytocoris davisi Knight {\92id, p. 624). Habits.—Predacious. In Minnesota, I Not taken in Illinois; known only from collected a series of nymphs and adults on ^ew Jersey and New York. the bark of sugar maple {Acer saccharum) ; both nymphs and adults were well concealed as they crouched in crevices of the bark, ap- Phytocoris purvus Knight parently awaiting their prey. Known Distribution. — Connecticut, Phytocoris purvus Knight (1927^, p. \T). is allied to minutulus Reu- Illinois, Iowa, Maryland, Minnesota, Mis- This species ter, it the shorter first souri, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, On- but differs from in the black anten- tario, Texas, Wisconsin. antennal segment, second Illinois Records.—Northern Illinois: nal segment with a narrow, pale annulus at base only, in the larger eyes and narrow Q 1 . 1 7 ; July, $ Algonquin: $ ; June 5, vertex, the distinctive subapical marks on 1895, 1 i . Fox Lake: June 10, 1936, Ross scutellum, and the structure of the male ^' Burks, 29. Galesburg: June 21, 1892, the genital claspers. 1 i . Urbana: Mav 31, 1889, C. A. Hart, Male.—Length 5.50, width 1.90. Head 1 9. width 1.05, vertex 0.22; eyes large and prominent, vertex chiefly almost colorless, Phytocoris tuberculatus Knight frons with six transverse dark lines, ventral

Phytocoris tuberculatus Knight (1920, p. 64.) area of frons and tylus black, a V-shaped Male.—Length 6.50, width 2.10. Head white mark on basal half of tylus, juga white width 1.10, vertex 0.39; lower half of head with a transverse black mark on dorsal half, on lower white ; very dark brown across base of tylus lora black with a light-colored area frons with oblique dark lines. Rostrum, margin which joins the similarly colored length 3.42, extending to sixth abdominal areas on the much reduced genae and gula. sternite. Antennae, first segment, length Rostrum, length 2.60, extending to fifth ab- 1.51, black, dorsal aspect with several dominal sternite, pale yellowish with apex smooth, white spots; second, 3.12, black, very dark brown. Antennae, first segment, pallid at base, a yellowish annulus at middle, length 1.11, only slightly greater than width this band sometimes nearly obsolete; third, of head, black, with ventral side light, black 1.86, black, pallid at base. Pronotum, length area broken by several white spots, a white 1.16, width at base 1.95. Dorsum clothed seta arising from each spot; second, 2.80, with short, black pubescence intermixed with black, narrow pale area at base; third, 1.45, .

188 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1 black, tiaYrow pale area "at base; fourth, segment brownish. Antennae, first segment, 1.09. black. Pronotum, length 0.83, width length 1.57, equar to distance between pos- at base 1.51; fuscous to black, paler on calli terior margin of pronotum and a line drawn and central area of disk, lower margin of through eyes at a point slightly before propleura almost white. Scutellum pale, middle, black, with pale spots on dorsal side, with a pair of well defined dark brown, two largest spots on apical half; second, 3.10, subapical, marginal spots. Sternurh pale, dark brown with pallid areas on dorsal side sides and pleura black. Dorsum rather uni- at base and middle, areas at middle vague; formly dark fuscous, with light-colored third, 1.79, black with almost white area spots on embolium and a somewhat paler 0.17 wide at base; fourth, 1.30, black. Hem- area at middle of corium. Clothed with fus- elytra fuscous to black; a large yellowish cous, simple pubescence, intermixed with and translucent spot at apex of corium near white, silky hairs in numerous spots. Mem- base of cuneus; embolium irregularly trans- brane almost colorless, speckled with numer- lucent and darkened with fuscous; cuneus ous small brownish to fuscous spots, the very slightly lighter at base, a tuft of black preapical area and margins of areoles more hair on inner margin near base and a simi-

evenly fuscous ; veins fuscous, white areas lar tuft at apex of corium ; pubescence black, present around apices of areoles. Legs intermixed with pale, silky pubescence. black, marked with more or less confluent, Membrane pale, thickly and rather uniform- white spots, these spots forming a well- ly marbled with f usco-brownish ; veins dark, defined preapical white annulus. Genital pale at apex of larger areole. Legs very ciaspers distinctive ; left clasper with inner dark brown, entire coxae light colored- except arm much flattened, right clasper shaped spot near base; trochanters pallid; femora much as in qiiercicola Knight. with numerous, small, pallid spots, a slightly FEMALE.-^Length 5.30, width 2.00. Very larger, nearly colorless spot on anterior as- similar to male in pubescence and colora- pect hear apex, this mark not quite forming

tion. . a subapical band ; front and middle tibiae Habits. Collected chiefly about lights pale at middle and with another, rather dis- — ; a single Illinois specimen was taken on tinct pale band at middle of apical half; cypress {Ta»:odi^m distichum) tarsi fuscous. Venter black, with yellowish Known Distribution.—District of Co- pubescence; genital segment and ciaspers dis- lumbia, Illinois, Iowa, Maryland, South tinctive, fig. 175. Carolina. Female.—Length 7.60, width 2.60; larger Illinois Record. — Karnak: July 28, and more robust than male; very similar to 1930, on Taxodium distichum. Knight & male in coloration, but dorsum lighter col-

1 . ' Ross, 9 ored ; first antennal segment longer than in male, equal to distance between posterior Phytocoris minutulus Reuter margin of pronotum and a line drawn through front margins of eyes. Phytocoris minutulus Reuter (1909, p. 24). Known Distribution. District of Co- Not taken in Illinois; known from Mary- — lumbia, Georgia, Illinois, Massachusetts, land, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New New Jersey, New York, North Carolina. York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Vir-

~~— : ginia. Illinois Record. Champaign July 7,~~

J 1887,C A. Hart, 1 $ . Phytocoris fumatus Reuter "• Phytocoris conspurcatus Knight V Phytocoris fumatus Reuter (1909, p. 25)-. - Male.—Length 7.00, width 2.30. Head Phytocoris conspurcatus Knight (1920, p. 61).

width 1.17, vertex 0.40; front with five ob- This species is distinquished by its dark, lique black lines on either side of median marbled membrane and by the pale band at line and a transverse black area between the middle of the first and second antennal bases of antennae; lower half of face white; segments ; the dorsum is thickly clothed with base of tylus, base of jugum, and spot on black, deciduous, scalelike hairs intermixed dorsal margin at base of lorum, black; a with smair patches of dense, white, woolly rather irregular reddish band extends across hairs. middle of tylus. Rostrum, length 4.20, attain- Male.—Length 5.90, width 2.10. H^a

to that of canadensis V^an Duzee. Rostrum, dark fuscous to black, more or less pallid length 2.60, attaining base of genital seg- on under side at base; genital claspers and ment. Antennae, first segment, length 1.20, long tubercle above base of left clasper, fig. black, with irregular minute, white spots 175, distinctive for species. beset with from 14 to 16 almost colorless Female.—Very similar to male in size setae ; second, 2.50, black, with a light- and coloration. colored annulus at base and a second, simi- Habits.—This is a predacious, bark-in- lar band beginning at middle and extending habiting species, which the author has taken

~~A B CORTICEVIVENS~~

~~B\ \ O CONSPURCATUS^~~

~~SULCATUS~~

Fig. 175.— Male genital claspers of Phytocoris, Group I. J, left clasper, lateral aspect; 5, right clasper, lateral aspect; C, flagellum; D, left clasper, caudal aspect. for a space of 0.30; third, 1.48, pallid at on the boles of linden {Tilia americana), base and at middle; fourth, 1.11, black. elm {Ulmus sp.), walnut {Juglans nigra), Pronotum, length 1.54, width at base 1.70; pear (Pyrus communis), apple (Pyrus ma- form and coloration very similar to those in ins), willow (Salix sp.) and maple (Acer

eximiiis Reuter, but dififering by having sp.) ; frequently attracted to light. black, scalelike hairs; scutellum thickly cov- Known Distribution. — Connecticut, ered with white, woolly pubescence. Hem- District of Columbia, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, elytra rather uniformly darkened, a tri- Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missis- angular pallid spot at tip of corium border- sippi, Missouri, New Hampshire, New ing cuneus ; thickly clothed with black, scale- Jersey, New York, Ontario, Pennsylvania, like hairs intermixed with small patches of South Dakota, Wisconsin. dense, white, woolly hairs. Membrane Illinois Records.—Twenty-three males thickly marbled with dark fuscous; cubital and 23 females, taken May 17 to Septem- vein pallid at apex of larger areole; dark ber, are from Alton, Antioch, Carbondale, spots scattered near apices of cells. Legs Champaign, Darwin, Galesburg, Grafton, marked very much like those of canadensis, Havana, Mahomet, Odin, Palos Park, but pale band near apex of hind femora more Quincy. Shawneetown, Starved Rock State or less interrupted on ventral side. Venter Park. Urbana. ;

~~190 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1~~

Phytocoris vittatus Reuter Illinois Records.—Five males and 7 females, taken May 22 to Aug. 21, are from Phytocoris vittatus Reuter (1909, p. 28). Argo, Beverly Hills, Champaign, Dubois, Not taken in Illinois; known only from Galesburg, Quincy, St. Anne, Urbana. New York; has been collected on prickly gooseberry {Ribes cynosbati). Phytocoris breviusculus Reuter

~~Phytocoris breviusculus Reuter (1876, p. 68). Phytocoris sulcatus Knight Male.—Length 3.90, width 1.60. Head~~

~~Phytocoris sulcatus Knight (1920, p. 64). width 0.84, vertex 0.30; lower face white,~~

In form, this species is very similar to marked with reddish brown. Rostrum, length 1.94, to sixth fumatus Reuter, but the latter is larger; extending abdominal first the pronotum of sulcatus is more distinctly sternite. Antennae, segment, length sulcate at the sides and immediately behind 0.63, reddish brown, marked with four or five white, smooth spots, spines pallid; sec- the calli ; the pallid bands at the base and the middle of the second antennal segment ond, 1.51, dusky yellow, white annulus at are more distinct; the dorsum is distinctly base; third, 1.04, fuscous, pallid at base; paler; and the outer half of the clavus and fourth, 0.78, fuscous. Pronotum, length the inner apical angles of the corium are 0.78, width at base 1.38, disk dusky yellow, very dark brown, almost black. central area more nearly pure yellow, basal Male.—Length 6.00, width 1.80. Head edge white, this white area bordered by an width 1.08, vertex 0.30. Rostrum, length undulating, fuscous line. Dorsum clothed 2.80, extending to fifth abdominal sternite. with simple fuscous hairs thickly intermixed Antennae, first segment, length 1.25, black, with white and yellowish, silky pubescence. with one large and several small white, Hemelytra pale yellowish; broad fuscous smooth spots; second, 2.64, mostly black, area along claval suture; inner apical angles pallid at base and a yellowish band at and a broad, transverse band on basal half middle; third, 1.47, fuscous, pallid at base; of corium fuscous. Cuneus yellowish to fourth, 1.21, dark fuscous. Pronotum, white ; disk with several small brown dots length 0.99, width at base 1.60; lateral mar- apex fuscous. Membrane thickly marbled gins of disk and immediately behind calli dis- with fuscous; two small, white spots on out- tinctly sulcate. Dorsum clothed with sil- er margin of apical half. Legs pale yellow- this very to yellowish, silky pubescence, inter- ish ; hind femora very dark brown, mixed with more nearly erect, short, black dark color broken by numerous pale dots; ^| hairs. General color fuscous to black, with front and middle femora marked with red- ^B paler spots and areas; membrane pallid, dish brown on apical half. Tibiae with three rather thickly and evenly marbled with fus- fuscous bands; hind pair dark fuscous with cous. Femora with a broad pallid area at numerous white dots. Genital claspers dis- base, apical half black with several pallid tinctive, a prominent tubercle above base of left clasper. spots ; hind pair with an irregular, oblique, subapical pallid band. Front and middle Female.—Length 4.10, width 1.64. More tibiae with black and white bands; hind pair robust than male, but very similar in color without distinct white bands. Genital clasp- and pubescence. ers, flagellum and a large, thick tubercle Habits.—A predacious species which may above base of left clasper, fig. 175, distinc- be collected about lights. Reared in Ohio tive for species. on apple branches which were heavily in- Female.—Length 6.00, width 2.03. More fested with San Jose scale. robust than the male but very similar in Known Distribution.—Alabama, Dis- color and pubescence. trict of Columbia, Illinois, Indiana, Missis- Habits.—Occurs on the bark of linden sippi, Ohio, Texas. Common in Texas, but (Tilia americana), on bur oak {Quercus rare east of the Mississippi River. macrocarpa) and elm {Ulmus sp.) Illinois Records. — Albion: July 16, ; probably predacious. 1937, on blackberry, Mohr & Burks, 3 $ . Known Distribution. — Connecticut, Alton: July 19-21, 1932.. on Crataegus. District of Columbia, Illinois, Iowa, Kan- Ross & Dozier, 3^,4$. Fairfield: June sas, Michigan, Minnesota, Pennsylvania, 12. 1934, DeLong & Ross. 1 $ . Jonesboro: South Dakota, Virginia. Aug. 2, 1932, H. L. Dozier, 1 9 • Urbana: September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinc 191

31, 1932, L. Dozier, 1 Sept., July H. $ ; Tip of right clasper curved upward, 1932, T. H. Frison, 15,29- e.g., spicatus 12 11. Base of left clasper convexly rounded Group II buenoi, p. 197 Base of left clasper sinuate

KEY TO SPECIES nigricollis, p. 197 12. Basal shoulder of right clasper with a 1. Apex of abdomen with claspers slender fingerlike process project- (males); couplets 2-17 illustrated ing vertically, e.g., spicatus 13 in fig. 176 2 Basal shoulder of right clasper with a Apex ol abdomen without claspers (fe- more angulate process, e.g., lacunos- males); fully mature, well preserved us 14 specimens necessary for this sec- 13. Basal fingerlike process of right clasper tion of key 18

~~tapering very little on apical half. . 2. Basal shoulder of left clasper with spicatus, p. 196~~

thumblike projection, e.g., . . erectus 3 Basal fingerlike process tapering grad- Basal shoulder of left clasper without ually from base to apex thumblike projection, e.g., husseyi. 5 cortitectus, p. 196 3. Basal projection of left clasper ex- 14. Thumblike process at middle of right tending vertically as a tall, thick clasper sloping away from tip of

~~process bluntly at apex. . . rounded clasper lacunosus, p. 197 erectus, p. 199 Thumblike process at middle of right~~

~~Basal projection of left clasper rather clasper vertical in position, e.g.,~~

slender and acute, e.g., canadensis . . 4 onustus 15 4. Right clasper with dorsal process ex- 15. Wall of genital segment with a promi- tending half the length of ventral nent, blunt tubercle at a point well process canadensis, p. 193 above base of left clasper Right clasper with dorsal process not arundinicola, p. 198 over one-third the length of ventral Wall of genital segment without tu-

~~process brevifurcatus, p. 194 bercle above base of left clasper. . . 16~~

~~5. Basal shoulder of right clasper with- 16. Apical half of right clasper with~~

out angulate projection, e.g., schotti 6 sides parallel to point near apex. . . Basal shoulder of right clasper with a angustulus, p. 197 thumblike or angulate projection, Apical half of right clasper tapering

~~e.g., penipecten 9 gradually from base, e.g., onustus . . 17~~

6. Basal shoulder of right clasper with a 17. Length of right clasper beyond base of dorsal process equal to four rounded hump schotti, p. 197 Basal shoulder of right clasper with- times the width of base at this point onustus, p. 194 out rounded hump, e.g., husseyi. . . 7 Length of right clasper beyond base 7. Genital segment with a distinct tuber- of dorsal process not over two and cle above base of left clasper one-half times the width of base at husseyi, p. 199 this point neglectus, p. 194 Genital segment without tubercle 18. Corium with distinct black or dark above base of left clasper, e.g., fuscous mark across apical area, obtectus 8 this mark extending obliquely from 8. Base of left clasper with angulate radius to inner apical angle of cor- shoulder 199 obtectus, p. ium; dark area never broken with Base of left clasper angulate without numerous, minute, light-colored shoulder salicis, 196 p. spots 19 9. Tip of right clasper hooked downward Corium without distinct black mark penipecten, p. 199 across apical area; sometimes with a Tip of right clasper projecting straight fuscous area, but this dark color or curved upward, e.g., buenoi, spi- broken by numerous, paler spots, catus 10 or, if not, then dark-colored area on

~~10. Tip of right clasper straight, e.g., radius distinctly darker than oblique buenoi 11 infuscation on corium 28 192 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Fol. 22, Art. 1~~

19. Pronotal disk uniformly deep black, light-colored spots near middle .... 25 with a narrow, pale area at basal Hind femora without distinct white margin; scutellum yellowish, with band on apical half; light-colored an oblique, black mark on either spots usually rather small 27 side of median line beginning at 25. Second antennal segment black except middle of disk and extending to at base, dorsal aspect not distinctly margin at a point slightly beyond paler; scutellum and clavus clothed middle nigricollis, p. 197 with erect black hairs intermixed Pronotal disk pale grayish to very with prominent white, silky pubes- deep gray, always paler on middle cence buenoi, p. 197 and never deep black 20 Second antennal segment distinctly 20. Scutellum with distinct black mark on almost white or yellowish on dorsal either side of apical half extending aspect, darker at apex and on area from lateral margin obliquely ceph- bordering light-colored basal an- alad to near middle of disk 21 nulus 26 Scutellum with black spot at margin 26. Propleura mostly black, only lower on either side of apical half, this margin white; tibiae with distinct mark scarcely longer than broad, light-colored and black bands at most not extending more than canadensis, p. 193 halfway to middle of disk 24 Propleura mostly pale, with a longi- 21. Pale areas at lower margins of pro- tudinal, black ray crossing coxal pleura extending upon sides of ster- cleft; tibiae light to dusky, not num; hind femora mostly black ex- banded arundinicola, p. 198 cept at base; pale spots small, 27. Corium with very heavy, triangular largest spot not wider than narrow black mark set obliquely across apex; pale band located slightly beyond hind femora with two or three large middle of apical half white spots on dorsal surface; cun- husseyi, p. 199 eus usually reddish, .erectus, 199 Pale areas at lower margins of pro- p. Corium with light, almost interrupted pleura not extending upon sides of obliquely sternum 22 fuscous mark set across apex; hind femora with small white 22. Hind femora of female with large ir- spots only; cuneus rarely if ever red- regular pale spots on anterior face, dish brevifurcatus, p. 194 these spots connected by a longitudinal, almost colorless bar which 28. Apical half of corium distinctly green- does not attain subapical pale band; ish; second antennal segment black with pale annulus at base length 7.30-7.60. . . .onustus, p. 194 Hind femora of female with small penipecten, p. 199 spots; without distinct, longitudinal No part of corium distinctly green ... 29 pale bar on anterior face 23 29. Hemelytra more brownish than black; 23. Membrane with infuscation on cen- dark color on apical area of corium tral area tending to separate into and on middle of clavus broken into small specks; front of head with small spots 30 black, transverse striations on either Hemelytra sometimes brownish, but side of median line usually black; dark area not dis-

neglectus, p. 194 tinctly broken into small spots. . . .31 Membrane more uniformly infuscated, 30. Second antennal segment uniformly color not separating into small black except for pallid annulus at specks; front of head without dis- base; vertex narrow, its width less tinct, black striations even when than dorsal width of an eye hemelytra are very dark; reddish schotti, p. 197 lines usually evident on frons Second antennal segment chiefly yel- spicatus, 196 p. lowish brown, black at apex and on 24. Hind femora with distinct white band area bordering pallid basal annulus; placed slightly beyond middle of vertex wider, equal to dorsal width

~~apical half, and usually with large. of an eye salieis, p. 196 . ,~~

~~September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 193~~

31. Front and vertex almost colorless to ior angles, hairs taking color of surface yellowish, not distinctly marked from which they arise; propleura black, with black, rarely with short, vague, with lower margins and a mark extending red lines near each eye; scutellum across base of coxal cleft almost white. almost colorless to yellowish; a small Scutellum dull yellow brown, with a black rounded, brown to fuscous spot mark present on either side near apex. located near either margin at middle Hemelytra clothed with prominent yellowish of apical half. . .angustulus, p. 197 pubescence intermixed with groups of Front and vertex marked with trans- white, deciduous woolly hairs, but dark verse black lines 32 hairs arising from dark areas; greenish gray to fuscous; base, middle and a triangular 32. Scutellum chiefly very dark brown, spot just before cuneus of corium, and sev- with irregular paler spots; a median, eral spots on embolium, paler and more or slender, pale line present, this line less translucent. Tip of embolium, an irregularly invaded by the darker oblique, nearly triangular patch lying just color obtectus, p. 199 inside of radius at of corium, area Scutellum chiefly pale to grayish^ but apex and bordering with black mark at either side on apical two-thirds of claval suture, apical half 33 fuscous to black. Cuneus translucent gray, with apex, a small point along inner margin, 33. Corium with a longitudinal pale area and a second near basal angle, black; paler that extends upon base of cuneus parts usually showing some brownish or without interruption; a black line reddish coloration. Membrane fuscous, with paralleling radius but, at apex, a large, almost colorless area just beyond curving outward to fracture small areole and tip of cuneus, this area lacunosus, p» 197 divided by a small fuscous spot which Apical half of corium rather distinctly touches the margin; central area more or darkened with fuscous, scarcely less invaded by a paler streak; cubitus dis- paler than dark marks along radius tinctly pallid at apex of areoles. Legs, coxae cortitectus, p. 196 and bases of femora pallid ; front and intermediate femora with a series of irregular Phytocoris canadensis Van Duzee reddish brown to fuscous marks; posterior femora chiefly black with many large Phytocoris eximius Knight (1920, p. 51) not Reuter. and small, light-colored spots; pale patches Phytocoris canadensis Van Duzee (1920, p. most numerous and tending to coalesce on 346). inner side; an irregular, light-colored an- Male.—Length 5.70, width 2.00. Head nulation located a short space before apex width fre- 0.94, vertex 0.35 ; yellowish, and a second one situated nearer middle, quently tinged with reddish and marked with but latter annulus interrupted on outside. black. Rostrum, length 2.40, attaining basal Tibiae with fuscous and pale annuli; hind margin of genital segment. Antennae, first pair infuscated and with irregular pallid segment, length 1.28, yellowish, with irregu- spots; a broad, pale area on basal one-third; lar fuscous mottling, bearing five or six spines almost colorless to brownish. Genital

long, almost colorless setae ; second, 2.77, claspers and flagellum, fig. 176, distinctive chiefly fuscous, paler at base for a space for species. of 0.17, infuscation distinctly paler on dor- Female.—Length 5.70, width 2.05. Usu- sal aspect of middle third, but becoming ally very similar to male in coloration; im- darker toward either end; third, 1.60, chiefly perfect or poorly colored specimens can dark fuscous, pale at base for a space of never with certainty be distinguished from 0.14, with another very narrow, light- females of closely related species. colored space at apex; fourth, 1.25, black. Habits.—This species occurs on a number Pronotum, length 0.91, width at base 1.60, of plants in various situations; it is largely

disk light yellow brown to fuscous, central if not wholly, predacious. Collected in Illi- area frequently grayish green, paler anter- nois on hornbeam {Carpinus caroliniana) iorly, narrow light-colored area at basal gooseberry {Ribes sp.) and buttonbush occidentalis) margin, and six black points which fre- ( Cephalanthiis quently fuse located near basal margin; Known Distribution. — Connecticut, disk distinctly hairy, longest hairs at anter- Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, low^a, Kansas, ;

~~194 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1~~

Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minne- with several white, smooth spots; second, sota, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, 2.68, black, a narrow white annulus at base; North Carolina, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsyl- third, 1.38, black, white at base; fourth, vania, South Dakota. 1.05, black. Pronotum, length 0.91, width Illinois Records.—Eight males and 15 at base 1.75. Genital claspers and flagellum females, collected June 14 to Sept. 27, are distinctive for species, fig. 176. from Antioch, Argo, Channel Lake, Dan- Female.—Length 6.00, width 2.30. More ville, De Soto, Dolson, Galena, Harrisburg, robust than male, but very similar in color Herod, Karnak, Lawrenceville, Marshall, and pubescence. Rock Island, Seymour, Shawneetown, Vi- Habits.—I have collected this species the most frequently on the bark of apple trees enna. Blatchley ( \926b, p. 720) records species from Maywood under the name where both nymphs and adults fed on exirtiius Reuter. psocids. It has, also, been collected on the bark of other trees and is probably preda- in such Phytocoris brevilurcatus Knight cious on soft-bodied insects living situations. In New York the species was Phytocoris brevifurcatus Knight (1920, p. collected from June to October, which in- 53). dicates two generations for the season. This species is very similar to canadensis Known Distribution. — Illinois, Iowa, Van Duzee, but lacks the heavy, oblique, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minne- fuscous mark at the apex of the corium sota, Mississippi, New Hampshire, New the second antennal segment is darker fus- York, Ontario, South Carolina, South Da- cous on the middle third; the head and pro- kota, Washington. notum are distinctly grayish green on the Illinois Records. — Elizabethtown : paler parts; the posterior femora have May 27-31, 1932, H. L. Dozier, 1 $ . Fair- smaller pale spots and are not distinctly field: June 12, 1934, DeLong & Ross, 1 $ . banded with pale yellow brown. Galena: June 28, 1935, DeLong & Ross, 2.14. Male.—Length 5.80, width Head \$. Keithsburg: June 15, 1932, H. L. width 0.95, vertex 0.34. Rostrum, length Dozier, 1 $ . Shawneetown : June 23, 2.51, reaching to seventh abdominal sternite. 1936, DeLong & Ross, 1 $ . Urbana: June Antennae, first segment, length 1.21; second, 13, 1885, \$ . 2.55; third, 1.47; fourth, 1.34. Pronotum, length 0.91, width at base 1.69. Genital Phytocoris onustus Van Duzee claspers distinctive for species, fig. 176. Female.—Length 5.80, width 2.20. Head Phytocoris onustus Van Duzee (1920, p. 344). width 0.96, vertex 0.41. Antennae, first segment, length 1.36; second, 2.77; third, 1.47; Male.—Length 6.80, width 2.50. Head fourth, 1.21. Pronotum, length 0.91, width width 1.08, vertex 0.35; head pale yellowish; lines at base 1.70. oblique on frons, base and middle of Known Distribution. — Illinois, New tylus, lora, and base of jugum, fuscous to York, Ontario. black. Rostrum, length 3.16, reaching fifth Illinois Record. — Horseshoe Lake: abdominal sternite. Antennae, first segment, length 1.41, black, with four or five white, July 11, 1935, DeLong & Ross, 1 $ . smooth spots and a few yellowish bristles; second, 3.33, black, a narrow white annulus Phytocoris neglectus Knight at base; third, 1.60, black, narrow white Phytocoris neglectus Knight (1920, p. 54). area at base; fourth, 1.29, black. Pronotum, This resembles canadensis Van Duzee, length 1.12, width at base 2.00. Clothed but the second antennal segment is uniformly with erect, short, black hairs intermixed black with a white annulation at the base, with a moderate amount of recumbent, pale the middle tibiae have an apical white band yellowish, silky pubescence. General color and the infuscation at the middle of the fuscous to black over a pale yellowish, membrane tends to form small specks. ground color; propleura, except lower mar- Male.—Length 6.20, width 2.20. Head gin, black; lateral margins and basal band width 0.99, vertex 0.32. Rostrum, length of pronotal disk, black; basal edge white; 2.60, extending to fifth abdominal sternite. scutellum yellowish, a black marginal spot

~~Antennae, first segment, length 1.17, black. on either side on apical half ; hemelytra September. 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 195~~

~~A B~~

~~ONUS TUS ^—^ NEGL EC TUS~~

~~Fig. 176.— Male gential claspers of Phytocoris, Group II. J, left clasper, lateral aspect; B, right clasper, lateral aspect; C, flagellum. —~~

Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1 196 Illinois Natural History Survey shaded with very dark brown spots on em- of apical half ; middle tibiae with an almost middle, and a triangular colorless band at apex. bolium ; an area at 6.20, width 2.16. patch at outer apical angle of corium, pale Female.—Length Head yellowish and translucent; cuneus largely width 1.01, vertex 0.39. Antennae, first black with yellowish spots and a variable segment, length 1.43; second, 3.11; third, yellowish area at base. Membrane fuscous 1.71; fourth, 1.43. Pronotum, length 0.95, robust than male, with a pale marginal spot on either side ex- width at base 1.65. More tending irregularly toward middle. Legs but very similar in color and pubescence. colored almost as in canadensis Van Duzee, Habits.—I collected specimens of this but hind femora with large irregular pallid species only on the trunks of elm trees the spots on anterior face, these spots connected (Ulmus sp.) where adults were well they in crevices of by a longitudinal pale bar which does not concealed as crouched attain subapical pale band. Genital clasp- the bark. ers and flagellum distinctive for species, fig. Known Distribution. — Illinois, New 176. Hampshire, New York, Ontario. Female. — Length 7.10, width 2.64. Illinois Record.—Antioch : July 5-7, Larger and more robust than male, but 1932, T. H. Frison, 1 $ . very similar in coloration. Habits.— I have collected this species Phytocoris spicatus Knight most frequently on the bark of hickory trees Phytocoris spicatus Knight (1920, p. 55). {Gary a sp.) in shaded, humid surroundings. The coloration of this species is very The color of this mirid matches the bark so similar to that of neglectus Knight, but the closely that it is difficult to see when it is membrane is more uniformly infuscated. crouching in crevices on the trunk of the Male.—Length 6.00, width 2.00. Head tree. Predacious habits are indicated. width 1.04, vertex 0.29; frons with reddish Known Distribution. — Georgia, Illi- lines. Rostrum, length 2.81, reaching sixth nois, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hamp- abdominal sternite. Antennae, first seg- shire, New York, Ontario, Pennsylvania. ment, length 1.38, black, with five or six Illinois Record. Northern Illinois: white, smooth spots; second, 2.85, black, a July, 2 ? . narrow white annulus at base; third, 1.56,

black, narrow white area at base ; fourth, Phytocoris cortitectus Knight 1.12, black. Pronotum, length 0.91,-width Phytocoris cortitectus Knight (1920, p. 55). at base 1.73. Clothed with fuscous to black, Male.—Length 6.00, width 2.00. Head simple pubescence intermixed with patches width 1.04, vertex 0.32. Rostrum, length and tufts of silvery and some golden, silky 2.72, reaching to sixth abdominal sternite. pubescence. Genital claspers and flagellum Antennae, first segment, length 1.28, black, distinctive for species, fig. 176. with eight or nine smooth, white spots ; sec- Female.—Length 6.30, width 2.20. More ond, 2.94, fuscous to black, with a yellowish robust than male, but very similar in color dorsal spot and a narrow white annulus at and pubescence. base; third, 1.64, black, yellowish at base; Known Distribution. — Illinois, Iowa, fourth, 1.21, black. Pronotum, length 0.86, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minne- width at base 1.60; calli whitish; disk dusky sota, North Carolina, New York. to fuscous; four black points located near Illinois Record.—Galesburg: 1 $ . posterior margin. Clothed with simple, black pubescence intermixed with tufts of silvery, Phytocoris salicis Knight silky hairs. Hemelytra translucent and slightly darkened, irregularly shaded with Phytocoris salicis Knight (1920, p. 56). fuscous; without a strong, oblique, fuscous Male.—Fig. 177. Length 6.00, width mark across apical area of corium; cuneus 2.12. Head width 0.97, vertex 0.35; head

pale, translucent, with apical half infus- yellowish ; oblique lines on frons and mark cated; membrane fuscous, central area var- on middle of tylus reddish. Rostrum, length ied with lighter color. Legs pallid and dark- 2.73, reaching seventh abdominal sternite. ened with fuscous; femora with numerous, Antennae, first segment, length 1.27, black, small, 'almost colorle§s;.spots, hind pair with with three or four large, white, smooth a well-defined, oblique, pallid bartd atTtiiddle spots'; second, 2.85,1 dusky yellow to black. ; .

September, 1941 KxiGHT: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 197 basal annulus white; third, 1.55, black, brown; second, 2.98, yellowish brown, more pallid at base; fourth, 1.16. Pronotum, fuscous at apex and next to pallid base; length 0.99. width at base 1.73. General third, 1.47, black, pallid at base; fourth, coloration dusky to brownish; spots on base 1.12. black. More robust than male and of pronotal disk, tip of clavus, apex of em- usually lighter in color. bolium and of cuneus, black; fuscous color- Habits.—Breeds on willow (chiefly Sa- lix nigra) where the species appears to be predacious on soft-bodied insects. Known Distribution. — Connecticut, District of Columbia, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Min- nesota, Mississippi, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania, South Dakota. Illinois Records.—Seventeen males and 15 females, taken June 11 to July 9, are from Alton, Antioch, Elizabeth, Galena. Galesburg, Golconda, Monticello, Savanna. Seymour, Waukegan.

~~Phytocoris lacunosus Knight~~

~~Phytocoris lacunosus Knight (1920, p. 56). Not taken in Illinois; known from Minne- sota and New York. Collected on the bark of hornbeam {Carpinns caroliniana)~~

~~Phytocoris angustulus Rcuter~~

~~Phytocoris angustulus Reuter (1909, p. 29). Known from New York, North Carolina, Nova Scotia, Vermont; not yet collected in Illinois.~~

~~Phytocoris buenoi Knight~~

~~Phytocoris buenoi Knight (1920, p. 57).~~

Fig. 177.— Phytocoris salicis, cf. Not taken in Illinois; known from Massa- chusetts, New York, Ontario. Adults and ation of hemelytra interspersed with pallid nymphs have been collected on Norway and brownish marks and dots; membrane spruce {Pice a excelsa). clear, marked with patches of fuscous; cubitus white around apex of larger areole. Legs Phytocoris nigricollis Knight pallid; apical half of femora marked with reddish brown; hind pair chiefly dark brown, Phytocoris nigricollis Knight (1923^, p. 636j. with numerous white spots, a larger white Known only from New Hampshire and spot forming an incomplete subapical band North Carolina. tibiae banded with fuscous; apices of middle pair pallid; hind pair chiefly dark fuscous. Phytocoris schotti Knight Dorsum clothed with pale to brownish, simple pubescence thickly intermixed with sil- Phytocoris schotti Knight (1926^, p. 162j. very to golden yellow, silky hairs. Genital The coloration of this species is suggestive claspers and flagellum distinctive for species, of that of salicis Knight, but the dark areas fig. 176. are black rather than brown; the apical except Female.—Length 6.30, width 2.30. An- half of the corium is largely pallid, tennae, first segment, length 1.34, chiefly ^ear'^the inner'Tnatgin,^and is without an white, irregularly marked with reddish oblique infuscation; the cuneus is almost —

198 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Jol. 22, Art. 1 entirely colorless, but the apex and two ing to sixth abdominal sternite. Antennae, spots on the inner margin are black, while first segment, length 1.16, tapering to be- the outer margin is marked with red. The come more slender on apical half, chiefly membrane is marbled with fuscous, and white, black on anterior aspect, with only the areoles are chiefly dark fuscous, with one or two small, pallid spots cutting into white veins at apices. The legs are marked edge of dark color, setae short, brownish; much as in salicis, but the black color on second. 2.51. chiefly yellowish brown, black the femora is irregularly broken by two or at apex and next to pallid basal annulus; three large, and many small, white spots. third, 1.34, yellowish, fuscous apically; Male.—Length 5.20, width 1.90. Head fourth, 0.73. Pronotum. length 0.88, width width 1.00, vertex 0.26; frons with five or at base 1.60; pale yellowish to dusky; calli six oblique, reddish lines on either side of pallid ; lower margin of propleura and area median line; base of tylus and spot on either on coxal cleft whitish, a black ray crossing side of basal half, dorsal margins of juga lower margin of coxal cleft and flaring out and lora, and slender median line on apical at basal margin ; basal edge of disk white, half of tylus, reddish. Rostrum, length 2.34, bordered by four black points which are extending to fifth abdominal sternite. An- often connected by dark color. Dorsum tennae, first segment, length 0.97, very dark clothed with pale to brownish, simple pubes- brown, with several small, smooth white cence sparsely intermixed with more re- spots on dorsal aspect, spines pale; second, cumbent, silvery, silky pubescence. Scutel- 2.30, black, narrow pallid area at base; lum usually pale yellowish, sometimes •.hird, 1.23, black, pale at base and at ex- dusky; a small fuscous spot indicated on treme tip; fourth. 0.91, black. Pronotum, either margin at middle of apical half. Hem- length 0.84, width at base 1.50; propleura elytra dusky gray, with an irregular black black ; lower margin, and spot at top of area on middle of claval vein and a subtri- coxal cleft, white ; the white of lower mar- angular one on inner apical angle of corium; gin continued as a ray upon black sternum. embolium uniformly yellowish gray, except Clothed with fuscous to black, simple pubes- for darkened extreme tip; cuneus with apex cence intermixed with white, silky pubes- and spot on inner margin, and spot on inner cence ; more yellowish hairs on head and margin of paracuneus. fuscous to black. embolium than black ones. Genital claspers Membrane uniformly pale fuscous, scarcely distinctive for species, fig. 176. paler near apex of cuneus; cubitus white

Known Distribution. — Illinois and around apex of areoles, fuscous where it New Jersey. separates areoles. Legs pale yellowish, Illinois Record. White Heath: Sept. tibiae without dark bands; spines yellowish

10, 1929. C. Goff, ; C. U , Kc. to dark brown hind pair with black micro- setae; femora dark brown to black, with numerous, minute, pallid spots; hind pair Phytocoris arundinicola new species with two rather distinct pallid bands on

This species is distinguished from allied apical half; tarsi fuscous to black. V^enter ones by its general pale gray color, with a almost white to yellowish ; lateral line fus- conspicuous black spot on the inner apical cous; sides of genital segment fuscous. Geni- species, fig. angle of the corium ; it also is distinguished tal claspers distinctive for 176. by the pale and black, unspotted, first an- Female.—Length 5.60, width 2.16. Head tennal segment. The structure of the male width 0.99, vertex 0.41. Antennae, first seg- genital claspers is distinctive, fig. 176; the ment, length 1.21; second, 2.73; third, 1.55; genitalia are apparently nearest in form to fourth, 1.38. Pronotum, length 0.95, width those of buenoi Knight and schotti Knight. at base 1.64. Very similar to male in color Male.—Length 5.60, width 2.16. Head and pubescence, but light areas perhaps width 0.95, vertex 0.35; head white to yel- more extensive. lowish, with incomplete lines on frons; Habits.—Breeds on switch cane {Arun- marks on middle and on median line at apex, dinaria tecta) ; doubtless predacious. basal half of lora, and dorsal half of buc- Holotype, male.—Vienna, 111.: July 10, culae, reddish brown to fuscous; a pair of 1935, DeLong & Ross. marks, beginning on coUum and extending Allotype, female. —Same data as for across collar and between calli, distinctly holotype. red orange. Rostrum, length 2.64, extend- Paratypes. —Illinois.—Vienna: Same September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 199

~~holotypc. \ 3 7 females, 13 to Sept. data as for i , $ ; June 14, and taken June 6,~~

1934, DeLong & Ross, 3 $ . are from Algonquin, Antioch, Browns, Chi- cago, Duquoin, Eichorn, Galesburg, Harris- Phytocoris husseyi Knight burg, Havana, Homer Park, Kankakee, Karnak, Mahomet, Maywood, Metropolis, Phytocoris husseyi Knight {1923d', p. 639j. Monticello, Pekin, Pulaski, Urbana, Vienna, Not taken in Illinois; known only from \Vhite Heath. Minnesota and Ohio. Phytocoris penipecten Knight Phytocoris erectus Van Duzee Phytocoris penipecten Knight (1920, p. 58). Phytocoris erectus Van Duzee 345). (1920, p. Not taken in Illinois; known only from Male.—Length 5.40. width 2.00. Head Alabama, Connecticut, Louisiana, Massa- width 0.94, vertex 0.36. Rostrum, length chusetts. 2.51, extending to fifth abdominal sternite.

~~Antennae, first segment, length 1.16, black, Phytocoris obtectus Knight basal two-thirds with white, smooth spots~~

~~so large that black ground color is reduced Phytocoris obtectus Knight (1920, p. 58).~~

to a network ; second, 2.50, black, dorsal as- Not taken in Illinois; known only from pect partly yellowish brown, white annulus New York and Ohio. at base; third, 1.28, black, pallid at base and extreme tip; fourth, 1.20, black. Pro- Group III notum, length 0.87, width at base 1.56. Dor- sum clothed with simple, fuscous pubes- The species of this group are apparently cence intermixed with a moderate amount all phytophagous. of silvery, silky pubescence. General color nearly white to yellowish, shaded with fus- KEY TO SPECIES cous. Basal submargin of pronotal disk with uniformly the usual four black points; scutellum with 1. Clavus and corium rather 2 oblique black marks on apical half; apical colored corium not uniformly col- area of corium with heavy, very dark brown Clavus and ored; marked with fuscous, or red- subtriangular mark, and a contrasting pal- dish brown to fuscous, with paler lid spot just behind which joins with pallid spots 4 basal half of cuneus; paracuneus reddish; membrane fuscous, with a paler spot near 2. Hemelytra reddish; embolium and cun- tip of cuneus and a smaller one just beyond eus translucent and yellowish 201 on margin; cubitus white about tip of larger mundus, p. fulvous, or areole. Hind femora very dark brown, with Hemelytra yellowish to numerous small and some large white spots translucent and brownish 3 and a rather distinct pallid annulus slightly 3. Hemelytra yellowish to fulvous; femora beyond middle of apical half; tibiae banded dusky yellow with numerous small, with pallid and black, middle pair with pale pale dots fulvus, p. 201 band on apex. Genital claspers and flagel- Hemelytra dusky brown, translucent;

lum distinctive for species, fig. 176. femora reddish brown, with con- Female.—Length 5.30, width 2.10. More spicuous white spots 201 robust than male, but very similar in color uniformis, p. and pubescence. 4. Hemelytra pale to yellowish; corium Habits.—Predacious; Illinois specimens with an oblique, fuscous mark on collected on willow [Salix sp.), cypress basal half and a second one on inner (Taxodium distichiim) and hornbeam (Car- apical angle; cuneus pale, apex and

~~pinus cnroliniana). two spots on inner margin black. . . . Known Distribution.—Alabama, Dis- junipericola, p. 201 trict of Columbia, Illinois, Iowa, Louisiana, Hemelytra marked otherwise 5~~

Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, 5. Pronotal disk with black spots on basal Mississippi, Missouri, New Hampshire, margin; apical area of corium with New York, Ohio, Ontario, Utah. strong fuscous marks Illinois Records.—Twentv-seven males exemplus, d. 201 200 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1

Pronotal disk without black spots. ... 6 Male.—Length 5.00, width 1.70. Head width 0.97, vertex 0.37. Rostrum, length 6. Light-colored dots and spots on hind 2.03, reaching fifth abdominal sternite. An- femora uniting to form a subapical tennae, first segment, length 0.71, greenish band or transverse pale mark 7 yellow, darkened wnth deep brownish, with Dots on hind femora not forming a dis- five or six smooth, w^hite spots on dorsal side, tinct light-colored band or large

and beset with 9 or 10 dark setae ; second, mark 8 2.05, dark fuscous, paler on basal half; third, 7. Cuneus with a narrow white area along 1.05, black; fourth. 0.85, black. Pronotum, outer margin and two black dots on length 0.78, width at base 1.36. Clothed with

this white edge, .angustifrons, p. 201 brownish, simple hairs intermixed with sil- Cuneus with outer margin reddish very, silky pubescence. Head, pronotum and brown and marked with three or four ventral parts greenish to yellowish; base of white 201 dots pinicola, p. pronotum, sides of tylus, dorsal margins of

8. Length ot second antennal segment juga and lora, base of head, indistinct striae twice as great as width of head on front, sternum, and sides of venter, tinged diversus, p. 200 with reddish brown; femora, except at bases, Length of second antennal segment less and tibiae, deep brownish, with many light than twice width of head to white spots; hind femora with rather conspersipes, p. 201 large spots on dorsal aspect. Genital claspers and flagellum distinctive for species, fig. Phytocoris diversus Knight 178. Female.—Length 4.80, width 1.73. Very Pkjitacoris diversus^'Knight (1920,: p. 60). similar to nrale'in' color and pubescence.

The general aspect of this species is sug- Host Plant. — White pine {Pinus gestive of fulvus Knight, but the light, yel- strobus). low brown coloration on the inner apical Known Distribution.—Illinois, Maine, half of the corium and the cuneus is more Minnesota, New Hampshire, New York. distinct. Illinois Records.—Starved Rock State

~~P Fig. 178.—Male genital claspers of Phytocoris, Group III. A J, left clasper, dorsal aspect; B, right clasper, lateral aspect; C, flagellum......~~

~~September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae. of Illinois 201~~

Park: July 14, 1932, on Pinus strobus, Doz- Phytocoris conspersipes Reuter ier & Park, 11 ^ , 19? ; Sept. 17, 1935, De- Phytocoris conspersipes Reuter (1909, p. 22). Long & Ross, 1 $ . White Pines Forest Illinois; District State Park: July 12, 1934, DeLong & Ross, Not taken in known from 2^,3$. of Columbia, Maryland, New Jersey, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Vir- ginia. Feeds on Virginia pine (Pinus virgin- Phytocoris mundus Renter iana )

Phytocoris mundus Reuter (1909, p. 18). Not taken in Illinois; known from Dis- Phytocoris junipericola Knight trict of Columbia. Maryland, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Virginia. Feeds on Virginia Phytocoris junipericola Knight (1927^, p. 16). Indi- pine (Pinus %'irgintana) Known from District of Columbia, ana, Maryland; not yet taken in Illinois. Breeds on red cedar (J unipcrus virgininna) Phytocoris fulviis Knight

Phytocoris fuhus Knight (1920, p. 59). Group IV Not yet taken in Illinois; known from The species of this group are phytophagous. Maine, New York, Ontario, Pennsylvania. Occurs on white pine {Pinus strobus). KEY TO SPECIES

~~1 , Phy tacoris uniformis- ..Kaigh-t- ... .1 It. Pronotal. disliixequently.red hut with-, out foupdistinct, reddish vittae on a~~

~~• Phytocoris unijormis Knight (1923~~

~~4. Hemelvtra rather uniformly tusco- Phytocoris angustifrons Knight reddish to roseate; embolium and~~

outer margin of scutellum paler. . . . Phytocoris an?;itstifrons Knight (1926^, p. taxodii, p. 203 164).' Hemelytra yellow; clavus and basal Not taken in Illinois; known only from one-third of corium dark reddish; Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi. Collected cuneus red with many minute, clear on pine (Pinus sp.). spots luteolus, p. 209

5. Pronotum chiefly red, more area red Phytocoris exemplus Knight than pale or fuscous 6 Pronotum with more area pale or Phytocoris exemplus Knight (1926jf, p. 163). fuscous than red 7 Known at present only from Louisiana,

~~but should be found wherever the cypress 6. Hemelytra with many small, distinct, (Taxodium distichum) grows; that is the white spots; caili darkened with~~

~~tree on which it occurs. fuscous confluens, p. 205 .~~

~~202 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22. Art. 1~~

Hemelvtra with only indistinct, white Phytocoris rubellus Knight spots, nearly uniformly deep orange Phytocoris rubellus Knight (1926^, p. 166). red; calli pale puella, p. 207 Male.—Length 4.80, width 1.54. Head 7. Pronotal disk with base and lateral width 0.86, vertex 0.25. Rostrum, length margins dark fusco-reddish; scutel- 1.94, extending to base of fourth abdominal lum yellow, a red mark at either sternite. Antennae, first segment, length side on apical half but without 0.81, reddish, with three or four large, vittae at middle of base smooth white spots and about the same infuscatus, p. 204 number of small ones, set with six or eight Pronotal disk chiefly pale, not dis- pallid bristles, some of which in length ex- tinctly darkened laterally or at base; ceed thickness of segment; second, base of scutellum with an orange- 2.10, yellowish, sometimes tinged with red, apex colored vitta on either side of median dusky; third, 1.06, yellowish, apex dusky; line, these frequently extending to fourth, 1.00, fuscous. Pronotum, length 0.71, join with orange mark at either side width at base 1.28; reddish to fuscous; me- on apical half olseni, p. 205 dian line and line extending upon vertex, 8. Second antennal segment almost and frequently a line on either side of pro- colorless, with a slender, black line notal disk, pallid. Scutellum reddish, basal on anterior aspect; embolium and angles and apex yellowish. Hemelytra red- outer half of corium green; clavus dish to fuscous; embolium with several ob- greenish to fuscous, with a rather solete pallid marks. Cuneus reddish, and large, irregular, reddish blotch on scarcely darker at apex. Membrane pale middle and a smaller one on basal fuscous, marbled with paler color; veins half tibialis, p. 205 fuscous although pale to reddish at apices Second antennal segment without a of areoles. Legs pale yellowish to reddish slender, black line on anterior as- and marked with paler spots, exhibiting pect; embolium and outer half of more red than in puella Reuter. Clothed corium marked with reddish 9 with pallid to fuscous, simple pubescence 9. Hemelytra with a yellow, triangular intermixed with white, silky pubescence, the area just before cuneus; clavus, latter tending to form spots on hemelytra. basal area of corium and embolium, Female. Length 4.80, width 1.63. Head and cuneus, bright red but with — width 0.86, vertex 0.37. Antennae, first many small, paler markings segment, length 0.86; second, 2.06; third, venustus, p. 206 1.08; fourth, 0.95. Pronotum, length 0.77, Hemelytra and apical area of corium width at base 1.37. Coloration usually a marked with reddish; or, if not, then basal deeper red than in male; hemelytra pallid half of corium not bright red . 10 to red. 10. First antennal segment reddish, with Host Plant. — Sandbar willow {Salix three or four large, smooth white longifolia) spots and three or four small spots Known Distribution. — Illinois, Indi- rubellus, p. 202 ana, Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, South First antennal segment not distinctly Dakota. marked with red and white spots. .11 Illinois Records.—Twenty-six males and 11. Apical area of corium, or area behind 30 females, taken June 1 to Aug. 24, are tip of clavus, without netlike from Alton, Grafton, Grand Tower, Ha- marks; dorsum pale greenish yel- vana, Kankakee, Meredosia, Putnam, Quin- low; markings of hemelytra dusky cy. Savanna, Starved Rock State Park, Wau- • caryae, p. 207 kegan. Apical area of corium with netlike markings of orange or red 12 Phytocoris quercicola Knight 12. Length of first antennal segment greater than width of head and ver- Phytocoris quercicola Knight (1920, p. 60). tex combined puella, p. 207 Male.—Length 4.70, width 1.70. Head Length of first antennal segment less width 0.91, vertex 0.30. Basal half of lora, than width of head and vertex com- spot on either side of tylus, transverse mark bined depictus, p. 208 across front, and four marks on vertex, . .

~~September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 203~~

red ; front with prominent, nearly colorless nesota, New York, North Carolina, On- hairs. Rostrum, length 2.20, extending to tario, Virginia. base of genital segment. Antennae, first Illinois Records. — Champaign: June segment, length 0.97, pallid, three irregular 27, 1932, on oak. Harper, l9- Dubois:

~~1 marks on dorsal surface, broad, fusco- Aug. 8, 1917, 1 $ . Galesburg: $ ; June~~

~~1 . brownish or reddish band at apex, beset 24, 1892. 9 ; July 27, 1892, 2 $ Glendon~~

~~1 with six or eight prominent, pale spines; Park: Aug. 19, 1903, A. B. Wolcott, i , second, 2.25, pale brownish, pallid annulus FM. Urbana: June 27, 1932, Frison & Ross,~~

1 at base, area next to this and at apex 2 $ , 9 ; Aug. 11, 1932, on Quercus mac- dark fuscous; third, 1.25, fusco-brownish, rocarpa, H. H. Ross, 1 9 ; Sept. 12, 1891, annulus at base and middle, and a narrow C. A. Hart, 1 $ . one at apex, pallid; fourth, 1.04, fuscous. width at base 1.43; Pronotum, length 0.75, Phytocoris taxodii Knight yellowish, outer halves of calli, and broad area extending rearward, fusco-brownish to Phytocoris taxodii Knight (1926^, p. 165). dark fuscous; a basal, submarginal, fuscous This species is allied to rufus Van Duzee, line with two black points on either side of a species known to occur only in Florida, median line; narrow area at basal margin but differs from it in the longer rostrum pallid pubescence yellowish to dusky, long- and longer first antennal segment ; the basal ; est hairs situated anteriorly and on collar. half of the right genital clasper of the male

Scutellum pallid, median line frequently is more slender in taxodii than in rufus. reddish, either side of this an indistinct vitta Male.—Length 5.10. width 1.70. Head composed of small brownish dots. Hemely- width 0.94, vertex 0.26; color of head yel- tra pale yellowish, more or less translu- lowish, sometimes tinged with red. Rostrum, cent; an irregular patch at middle of clavus, length 2.50, attaining base of genital seg- and a larger one just opposite on corium, ment. Antennae, first segment, length 1.03, fusco-brownish, dark color broken by small, slightly thicker at base and apex, a few irregular, light spots ; frequently apex of weak, yellowish setae on basal half, yellow corium with a smaller, dark patch and a to reddish; second, 2.34, yellowish; third, series of fusco-brownish spots bordering 1.30, yellowish to dusky; fourth, 1.05. claval suture; embolium and cuneus with dusky. Pronotum, length 0.80. width at base small spots of reddish in hypodermis. Mem- 1.40; reddish, becoming fusco-reddish near brane pallid; infuscation usually composed base of disk; narrow area at basal margin. of fine irregular spots; a large spot at apex median line on collar, and area between and a smaller one at either side joining calli, paler. Scutellum yellowish or tinged margin, central area and that within are- with reddish. Clothed with golden j'ellow oles more sparsely marked with fuscous to brown, simple pubescence sparsely inter- dots; cubitus pallid, radius infuscated. Front mixed with more recumbent, silvery, silky and middle tibiae pallid, with three fuscous pubescence. Hemelytra yellowish to red- annuli; hind pair with two reddish brown dish; inner apical angles of corium dark red bands on basal half; femora pallid, reticu- to fuscous, but this dark color not extend- lated with reddish brown ; hind pair with ing forward along radial vein; cuneus rose two irregular pallid bands on apical half, red, narrow area along outer margin yel- dark color broken by numerous light-col- low; membrane fusco-brownish, veins red. ored spots. Venter pallid, sides flecked with Ventral surface and legs yellowish; hind reddish. Genital claspers and flagellum dis- femora reddish, except basal one-third, and tinctive for species, fig. 179. with many small, yellowish spots; base of Female.—Length 4.80, width 1.80. Head hind tibiae reddish. Genital claspers dis- width 0.95, vertex 0.36. Antennae, first seg- tinctive, fig. 179. ment, length 1.08; second, 2.25; third, 1.12; Female.—Length 5.30. width 1.80. Head fourth, 1.04. Pronotum, length 0.82, width width 0.91, vertex 0.34. Antennae, first seg- at base 1.56. Very similar to male in color ment, length 1.10; second, 2.40; third. 1.31; and pubescence. fourth, 1.04. Pronotum, length 0.85, width Host Plant.—Bur oak {Quercus macro- at base 1.49. Very similar to male in color carpa) and pubescence. Known Distribution. — Florida, Illi- Host Plant.—Bald cypress {Taxodium nois, Iowa, Maryland, Massachusetts, Min- distichum) —

~~204 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1~~

~~Known Distribution. — Georgia Illi- segment. Antennae, first segment, length nois, Louisiana, Mississippi. 1.08, pale yellowish, fusco-brownish near~~

~~Illinois Records. Elizabethtown : apex, dusky at base, pubescence yellowish to July 25, 1930, on Taxodiurn distichum, dusky, basal half with five or six yellowish~~

~~Ay4 B\':^ CJ B C CONFLUENS DEPICTUS~~

~~^"^B Cr LUTEOLUS~~

~~B B C^ RUBELLUS VENUSTUS~~

~~Fig. 179.—Male genital claspers of Phytocoris, Group IV. J, left clasper, lateral aspect; AA^ left clasper, dorsal aspect; 5, right clasper, lateral aspect; C, flagellum.~~

~~Knight & Ross, 3$. Horseshoe Lake: setae; second, 2.74, uniformly yellowish; July 11, 1935, DeLong & Ross, 1$. third, 1.49, yellowish; fourth, 1.20, yellowish~~

Pulaski: June 28, 1909, 2 $ . to fuscous. Pronotum, length 0.84, width at base 1.50; disk yellowish to fusco-reddish, Phytocoris infuscatus Reuter basal submargin darker; calli and area between them pallid, collar yellowish, a red- Phytocoris infuscatus Reuter (1909, p. 20). dish patch on either side of median line, also Male.—Length 5.30, width 1.94. Head an orange spot just behind inner angle of width 0.88, vertex 0.28; color of head yel- each callus; clothed with rather prominent lowish, dorsal half of juga, basal half of pallid to yellowish pubescence; propleura lora, bucculae in part, and mark between pallid, a fusco-brownish line crossing lower bases of antennae, dark red ; tylus dark red, extremity of coxal cleft and extending to two irregular, yellowish marks on basal half near posterior margin. Scutellum pale yel- separated by small red wedge at base ; front lowish, a reddish spot on margin on either and vertex clothed with prominent yellow- side of apical half, but broad, yellowish line ish hairs; either side of front with indica- at meson. Hemelytra with emboliar mar- tions of transverse reddish lines. Rostrum, gins very slightly arcuate; reddish to fusco- length 2.70, nearly attaining base of genital reddish, with many more or less confluent, September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 205 minute white spots, basal half more fuscous base 1.47; greenish; disk with four longi- than reddish; cuneus red, broken by small, tudinal orange stripes. Hemelytra yellowish translucent spots at middle. Membrane green to green; clavus with a rather large smoky to fusco-brownish, infuscation of reddish blotch on middle and a smaller one areoles somewhat broken into small spots, on basal half; inner half of corium with apical half with slightly darker fuscous area reddish spots and blotches. Apex of cuneus touching margin beyond cuneus. Legs pale and two spots on paracuneus reddish. Mem-

yellowish ; hind femora, except basal one- brane fuscous, with irregular pale and third, black with a red cast, with many, translucent areas behind cuneus and ex- small yellowish spots and larger spots on tending across middle. Legs greenish yel- dorsal aspect at middle, a yellowish band low; front and middle tibiae with very dark slightly beyond middle of apical half; front red-brown line on dorsal aspect; hind fem- tibiae with indistinct brownish band on ora with apical half dark red brown, this middle and near base; hind pair with broad, color area broken by numerous small and reddish band at base. Venter yellowish to large, yellowish spots and a distinct sub- fuscous, darker laterally and on genital seg- apical, pale yellowish annulus. Genital ment. Genital claspers and flagellum dis- claspers distinctive, fig. 179; right clasper tinctive for species, fig. 179. very long. Female.—Length 5.50, width 2.00. Head Female.—-Length 5.50, width 2.00. Head width 0.91, vertex 0.39. Antennae, first width 0.88, vertex 0.36. Antennae, first seg- segment, length 1.23; second, 2.94; third, ment, length 1.12; second, 2.34; third, 1.51; 1.55; fourth, 1.17. Pronotum, length 0.86, fourth, 1.35. Pronotum, length 0.86, width width at base 1.51. More robust than male, at base 1.47. Clothed with yellowish to very similar in coloration, but pale area on fuscous, simple pubescence sparsely inter- apical half of corium broader, and with mixed with yellowish, silky pubescence. Col- pallid and orange rays behind calli. oration very similar to that of male. Host Plant.—Hickory {Garya sp.) Habits.—Breeds among weedy, herba- Known Distribution.—District of Co- ceous plants in damp situations; Illinois lumbia, Georgia, Illinois, Iowa, Massa- specimens collected on mountain mint chusetts, Mississippi, New York, North [PycnanthemuTn sp.). Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania. Known Distribution.—Alabama, Con- Illinois Records. — Illinois: June 26, necticut, District of Columbia, Florida, Illi-

~~1892, 1 i . Bluff Springs: June 10, 1932, nois, Iowa, Maryland, Massachusetts.~~

~~Ross & Mohr, 1 9 . Dubois: July 3, 1909, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, IVIissouri,~~

~~1 9 . Geff: June 12, 1934, DeLong & Ross, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina,~~

1 9 . Quincy: June 15, 1883, 1 $ . Ohio, Ontario, Texas, Virginia, Wisconsin. Illinois Records.—Forty-four males and Phytocoris olseni Knight 23 females, taken June 22 to Oct. 2, are from Albion, Alto Pass, Anna, Browns, Car- Phytocoris olseni Knight (1923d', p. 647). bondale, Cave-in-Rock, Dongola, Dubois, Not taken in Illinois; known from Flor- Fast St. Louis, Elizabethtown, Gibsonia, ida, Mississippi, New Jersey, New York, Golconda, Grand Tower, Havana, Herod, Virginia. Lawrenceville, McClure, Metropolis, Mon- ticello, Newton, Norris City, Olive Branch, Phytocoris tibialis Reuter Pulaski, Rosiclare, Shawneetown, Temple Hill, York. Phytocoris tibialis Reuter (1876, p. 68). Male.—Length 5.10, width 1.90. Head Phytocoris confluens Reuter width 0.88, vertex 0.35. Rostrum, length 2.60, extending to sixth abdominal sternite. Phytocoris ptiella var. confluens Reuter (1909, Antennae, first segment, length 1.08, yel- p. 20). lowish, with four or five reddish brown Male.—Length 4.60, width 1.43. Head marks; second, 2.38, yellowish, a distinct width 0.83, vertex 0.26; head chiefly bright fuscous to black line on anterior aspect, red; geminate mark at base of tylus, apices with white annulus at base; third, 1.47, of juga and lora, and ventral margin of fuscous, pale yellowish at base; fourth, 1.30, bucculae, pallid. Rostrum, length 2.20. fuscous. Pronotum, length 0.86, width at reaching sixth abdominal sternite, pale yel- ;

206 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Fol. 22, Art. 1 lowish, black at apex. Antennae, first seg- burg: June 25, 1932, on Betula nigra, Ross, ment, length 1.00, reddish yellow, pubes- Dozier & Park, 2$. Oakwood: June 14, cence and spines pale yellowish ; second, 1930, T. H. Prison, 1 $ . 2.42, uniformly yellowish; third, 0.91, yellowish; fourth, 1.57, yellowish. Pronotum, Phytocoris venustus Knight length 0.70, width at base 1.00; deep red, becoming almost black at anterior angles Phytocoris venustus Knight (1923^, p. 651). of disk; calli fuscous and red with almost Male.—Length 4.50, width 1.60. Head colorless ray or spots behind each callus, width 0.86, vertex 0.28; head orange colored basal margin with a slender, light colored above; spot on either side of vertex and one area except at basal angles; propleura deep at base, two spots on median line of front, red, lower margins and xyphus pallid; and base of tylus, light colored ; lower half clothed with yellowish to dusky pubescence of head pallid; base of juga, dorsal margin disk also with yellowish, silky pubescence. of lora, and irregular band across middle Scutellum red, basal angles and apex pallid of tylus, bright red. Rostrum, length 2.00, vague, light colored, median line present. reaching sixth abdominal sternite, yellow- Sternum and pleura dark red, ostiolar peri- ish, black at apex. Antennae, first segment, treme, and ventral margin of epimera, white. length 0.97, pale yellowish, darker at apex,

Hemelytra red, with many irregular, small setae pale ; second, 0.80, uniformly yellow- to medium-sized spots; cuneus with pale ish ; third, 1.34, yellowish; fourth, 1.16, yel- spots on inner margin and across middle; lowish. Pronotum, length 0.68, width at hemelytra clothed with yellowish to dusky base, 1.37; pale, with two orange stripes pubescence, intermixed with yellowish, silky behind either callus, outer stripe continued pubescence which may be white over light around callus and extending to anterior spots. Membrane uniformly pale smoky, angle and collar ; small orange spot before veins red. Legs pallid to yellowish; anterior callus; collar orange red; propleura with femora reddish yellow at apices ; tibiae with red ray crossing lower half of coxal cleft, annulations; hind femora red, pallid at but not extending to posterior margin; bases, with rather numerous, small, pallid clothed with moderately prominent, yellow- spots although at times these spots nearly ish pubescence, this more prominent laterally obsolete ; hind tibiae with small red marks and on scutellum and clavus. Scutellum near bases; tips of tarsi fuscous. Venter orange red to deep red; basal angles and me- white beneath, latero-dorsal margin deep dian line more or less pale. Sternum and red; each sternite with small spot of red pleura pallid, red areas on mesosternum and laterally; eighth segment and base of genital metepisternum ; ostiolar peritreme white. segment dark fusco-reddish. Genital clasp- Hemelytra yellow, with clavus and basal ers and flagellum distinctive, fig. 179. half of corium and embolium red, but with Female.—Length 5.50, width 2.03. Head many, pale yellowish spots, these spots form- width 0.90, vertex 0.34. Antennae, first seg- ing a large triangular area before cuneus; ment, length 1.25; second, 3.16; third, 1.51; embolium sometimes with small red flecks fourth, 1.30. Pronotum, length 0.86, width on apical half; cuneus, and part of corium at base 1.60. More robust than male, but extending beyond cuneal fracture, red; out- very similar in color and pubescence. er margin of cuneus with four yellow spots, Habits.—Collected on oak {Quercus these sometimes almost confluent. Mem- sp.) and red birch {Betula nigra). brane smoky to pale fuscous, slightly paler Known Distribution. — Connecticut, on apical half, veins red, usually pale at District of Columbia, Illinois, Kansas, apices of areoles. Legs pale to yellowish, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mississippi, New fore femora with red flecks at apices ; hind Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, femora with netlike, bright red markings, Pennsylvania. these somewhat broken at middle of apical

Illinois Records. — Ashley: Aug. 7, half by a yellowish area; hind tibiae with 1917, 2$. Dolson: June 25, 1932, Rocky reddish spots near base. Venter yellowish, Branch, Prison & Mohr, 1 $ . Dubois: Aug. with red flecks along dorsal margin; genital

8, 1917, 1 $ . Fairfield: June 12, 1934, De- claspers and flagellum distinctive for spe- Long Ross, & 1 $ . Galena: June 30, 1932, cies, fig. 179. on Quercus sp., Dozier & Mohr, 1 $ . Female.—Length 4.70, width 1.90; more Galesburg: June 27, 1893, \$. Harris- robust than male, but very similar in color- September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 207

~~ation. Head width 0.86, vertex 0.36. An- apices of areoles. Legs almost white to yel-~~

tennae, first segment, length 1.04; second, lowish ; apical halves of femora flecked with 2.47; third, 1.38; fourth, 1.17. Pronotum, bright red, larger spots on posterior pair; length 0.74, width at base 1.38. More robust tibial spines fuscous, hind pair with a small, than male, but very similar in color and reddish spot at base of each spine, although pubescence. these spots obscure apically; tips of tarsi Known Distribution.—Alabama, Con- dusky. Venter pale greenish yellow; genital necticut, District of Columbia, Illinois, claspers and flagellum distinctive for spe- Maryland, New York. cies, fig. 179. Illinois Record.—Galesburg: July 24, Female.—Length 5.20, width 1.90. Head 1892, 15,69. width 0.91, vertex 0.36. Antennae, first segment, length 1.21; second, 2.68; third, 1.51; Phytocoris caryae Knight fourth, 1.12. Pronotum, length 0.82, width at base 1.47. More robust than male, but Phytocoris caryae Knight (1923^, p. 652). very similar in color and pubescence. Male.—Length 5.30, width 1.74. Head Host Plant.—Hickory {Carya sp.). yellow, width 0.93, vertex 0.28; small spot Known Distribution. — Illinois and at dorsal margin of each eye, irregular New York. large spot on either side of front, and spot Illinois Records. — Dubois: Aug. 8, on dorsal margin of lora, orange colored; 1 . 1 1917, S Galesburg: June 24, 1892, $ ; front and vertex bearing prominent, pale July 29, 1892, 1^,4$. Monticello: June hairs. Rostrum, length 2.20, reaching fifth

28, 1914, Sangamon River, 1 <5 , 1 9 . Sa- abdominal segment; pale yellowish, very vanna: July 23, 1892, McElfresh, 1 9 • dark brown at apex. Antennae, first segment, length 1.14, yellow, anterior aspect Phytocoris puella Reuter with small orange spots, largest one located near apex, setae pale to dusky; second, 2.46, Phytocoris puella Reuter (1876, p. 69). uniformly pale yellow; third, 1.50, yellow; Female.—Length 4.90, width 1.90. Head fourth, 1.16, yellow, dusky at apex. Prono- width 0.86, vertex 0.36; head pale, with tum, length 0.81, width at base 1.44; green- mark on either side of coUum extending upon ish yellow, with four orange stripes on disk, collar; irregular arc either side of front, these sometimes joining at base; calli pallid, base of lora and dorsal half of bucculae, collar with broad orange spot located on orange colored. Rostrum, length 2.26, ex- either side of median line, these spots extending to fifth ventral segment, pale, black tending posteriorly to calli; propleura with at apex. Antennae, first segment, length small orange ray behind lower half of coxal 1.26, pallid, indistinctly dotted with orange cleft; clothed with pale yellowish pubescence, on anterior aspect; second, 2.80, pale yel- a few dusky hairs at basal margin. Scutellum lowish; third, 1.49, yellowish; fourth, 1.28, greenish yellow, an oblique orange mark on yellowish to dusky. Pronotum, length 0.78, either side of median line. Sternum and width at base 1.40; pale, disk with four pleura pale yellowish. Hemelytra pale to orange stripes, paler forms with stripes greenish yellow, mottled with brown orange broken at middle; anterior angles with ; darker on clavus, with many large, irregu- orange stripe which extends upon collar; lar greenish yellow spots; apical one-fifth propleura with orange ray crossing lower of corium nearly uniformly greenish yel- half of coxal cleft and extending nearly to low; embolium with a few scattering red posterior margin. Scutellum pale, with an orange spots; tip of clavus with a dusky spot oblique orange vitta on either side of apical and beset with prominent black hairs; cu- half. Hemelytra pale, with rather uniform neus yellowish and translucent, apex and orange, netlike markings; cuneus partly pale yellowish margins flecked with reddish; a prominent, red ; hemelytra clothed with dull reddish spot at margin between corium pubescence intermixed with prominent, pubescence. Membrane pale, and membrane ; clothed with yellow pu- white, silky bescence, this darker near apex of corium; areoles infuscated and marbled within apical emboliar margins very slightly arcuate. half, veins yellowish, pale at apex of areoles. Membrane nearly colorless, with pale fus- Legs pallid, front tibiae with two nearly cous marbling, coloring darkest within are- obsolete, orange yellow bands; hind femora oles and at middle; veins dusky yellow at with red. netlike marks on apical half, di- 208 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1

vided at middle of apical half by pallid an- median line and behind eye orange colored; nulus, fuscous hairs arising from red marks. clothed with pale yellowish pubescence, this Venter pallid, tinged with red near each fuscous near basal margin and sparsely in- spiracle. termixed with pale, silky pubescence; pro- Male.—Length 4.80, width 1.51. Head pleura with red mark crossing lower half width 0.85, vertex 0.21. Antennae, first of coxal cleft, this mark diffused behind cleft. segment, length 1.21; second, 2.81; third, Scutellum pallid, with orange mark either 1.56; fourth. 1.21. Pronotum, length 0.73, side of median line extending obliquely to width at base 1.25. Dorsum uniformly lateral margin. Sternum pallid, episternum bright red, sometimes dotted with yellowish •with red mark, epimeron chiefly red, ostiolar spots; calli pale; basal angles of pronotum peritreme white, area just above reddish. and apex of scutellum yellowish to pale Hemelytra with irregular, red, netlike orange. Membrane pale smoky or nearly markings, these produced by thickly placed clear; areoles with rather fine, obscure, pale and more or less confluent pale spots; basal fuscous marks. Legs yellowish; apical half half of corium nearly fusco-reddish; tip of of hind femora with red, netlike markings clavus, and spot near inner basal angle of and bearing fuscous to black hairs; a yellow- cuneus, black with prominent black hairs;

~~ish subapical band present; in this last re- clothed with golden yellow pubescence ; cen- spect very similar to female. Genital clasp- tral area with a few small spots of dense,~~

ers, fig. 179. The sexes of puella exhibit a silvery wool; cuneus bright red and with greater difference in color than do other, many rather small, pallid spots. Membrane closely related species of this group. pale fuscous; areoles and central area with Habits.—Collected on oak {Quercus clear spots; veins pale to fuscous. Legs pale

sp.) and red birch {Betula nigra). to yellowish ; apical two-thirds of hind fem- Known Distribution. — Connecticut, ora dark red, with many large and small District of Columbia, Illinois, Maryland, pallid spots, and an irregular, incomplete, Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, New pallid band at middle of apical half; a few Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, black hairs arising from red area; spines Pennsylvania. on hind tibiae pallid, with reddish spot at Illinois Records.—Eleven males and 20 base of each, except those spines at apex. females, taken June 12 to October, are from Venter pale yellowish, with reddish dots on Anna, Ashley, De Soto, Dubois, Galena, sides; base of genital segment fuscous; Galesburg, Geff, Grand Detour, Harris- genital claspers and flagellum distinctive for

burg, Makanda, Marshall, Oregon, Palos species, fig. 179. Park, Starved Rock State Park, Urbana, Female.—Length 5.10, width 1.77. Head White Pines Forest State Park. Blatchley width 0.86, vertex 0.39. Antennae, first seg- {\92bb, p. 729) records this species from ment, length 1.04; second, 2.55; third, 1.21; Beverly Hills. fourth, 1.04. Pronotum, length 0.85, width at base 1.55. Larger and more robust than Phytocoris depictus Knight male, but very similar in coloration, although dorsum and membrane frequently Phytocoris depictus Knight (1923^, p. 654). with broader, light-colored areas. Male.—Length 4.10, width 1.50. Head Host Plant.—Bur oak {Quercus niacro- width 0.78, vertex 0.27; head marked with carpa) and red oak {Q. rubra). orange and red as in puella Reuter. Ros- Known Distribution.—District of Co- trum, length 1.93, reaching fifth abdominal lumbia, Illinois, Minnesota, New York, sternite, yellowish, black at apex. Antennae, Ohio. first segment, length 0.83, thickest near base Illinois Records.—Beverly Hills: Aug. and tapering to become more slender just 31, 1907, W. J. Gerhard, 2$, fm. Cary: before apex, yellowish, with a few red dots Aug. 27, 1905, W^. J. Gerhard, 2$, fm. on anterior aspect and with seven or eight Fairfield: June 12, 1934, DeLong & Ross, fuscous setae on basal half of dorsal aspect; 1^. Gibsonia: Oct. 2, 1934, Prison & second, 1.97, uniformly pale yellowish; third, Ross, 1 i . Golconda: June 22, 1932, on 0.96, yellowish; fourth, 0.97, yellowish. Pro- oak, Ross, Dozier & ParTc, 1 $ . Keiths- notum, length 0.71 ; width at base 1.23; pale burg: June 15, 1932, on red oak, H. L. Do- testaceous and dusky; calli lighter; disk with zier, 1 $ . Shawneetown: June 23, 1936, four orange stripes; collar either side of DeLong & Ross, 1 $ . .

~~September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 209~~

~~Phytocoris luteolus Knight Known Distribution.—District of Co- lumbia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maryland, Phytocoris luteolus Knight (1923~~

~~14, 1899, McElfresh, 1 9 • Danville: June MYRMECORINI 16, 1930, Prison & Hottes, 1$. Dubois: KEY TO GENERA~~

Length of first antennal segment greater than width of head; scutellum not conically produced, fig. 180; dorsum with fine, short pubescence Paraxenetus, p. 209 Length of first antennal segment much less than width of head, only slightly greater than width of vertex; scutellum conically produced, fig. 181; dorsum, especially pronotum and scutellum, with long, erect hairs Barberiella, p. 209

~~Paraxenetus Reuter~~

~~Paraxenetus guttulatus (Uhler)~~

~~Eucerocoris guttulatus Uhler (1887^', p. 150). Male.—Fig. 180. Length 6.40, width at base of cuneus, 1.33. Head width 1.00, ver-~~

tex 0.27 ; sulcus on median line of vertex. Rostrum, length 2.42, extending slightly beyond posterior coxae or to second abdominal sternite. Antennae, first segment, length 1.46; second, 3.45; third, 2.85; fourth, 0.86; all segments slender, of nearly equal thickness, three basal ones yellowish to dusky brown, last segment reddish brown. Prono- Fig. 180.— Paraxenetus guttulatus, cf tum, length 0.95, width at base 1.34. Em- boliar sulcate, margins strongly or medially July 3, 1909, 1 $ . Grafton: July 20, 1932, coarctate. General color fusco-grayish, on Juglans nigra, Ross & Dozier, 1 $ . Ha- tinged with fulvous, sometimes fulvous areas vana: Aug. 15, 1907, Devil's Hole, 2?.

~~broad; cuneus, veins of membrane, and Herod: July 24, 1930. Knight & Ross, 1 $ .~~

calli, fulvous to reddish ; frequently femora QuiNcv: Aug. 8, 1889, 3 ? ; Aug. 11, 1889, fusco-reddish. Body clothed with recum- 1?. bent, fine yellowish pubescence, femora rather sparsely set with long pilose hairs, Barberiella Poppius these hairs longest on posterior pair. Female.—Length 6.80, width 1.51. Head Barberiella apicalis Knight width 1.08, vertex 0.39. Antennae, first segment, length 1.51; second, 3.30; third, 2.94; Barberiella apicalis Knight (1923^, p. 657). fourth, 0.86. Pronotum, length 1.08, width This species, fig. 181, is more closely re- at base 1.56. Very similar to male in form lated to Fiebrigiella silvestri Poppius, de- and coloration. scribed from Brazil, than to Barberiella Host formicoides Poppius, but differs from the Plant.—Grape vines (Vitis sp.) ; one specimen collected in Illinois on walnut former, at least, in the longer first antennal (Julians nigra). segment and in the shining, brownish and 210 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1 translucent apical area of the corium and above ostiole. Hemelytra with emboliar embolium. The members of this genus are margins strongly constricted at middle, disk good ant mimics, and in their general aspect nearly flat; cuneus strongly declivitous; are very suggestive of the large species of clothed with moderately sparse, golden yel- Pilophorus. low pubescence interspersed with more Male.—Length 5.00, width 1.60. Head nearly erect fine hairs, these more prominent width 1.14, vertex 0.43; head almost verti- on clavus; clavus dull fusco-brownish, a tri- cal; vertex and base of front distinctly im- angular pruinose field extending upon mid- pressed along median line but not grooved; dle from corium ; corium fuscous on basal head very dark brown, clothed with pale half; a transverse pallid spot at middle; pubescence, this more prominent on front. behind this a dark fusco-brownish area ex- Rostrum, length 1.99, reaching bases of hind tending as far as a line drawn transversely coxae, dark brown. Antennae, first segment, through tip of clavus; apical area chiefly

Fig. 181.— Barberiella apicalis, 9. length 0.52, dark brown, with fine and pale brownish, somewhat translucent and dense pubescence and with two or three shining, pruinose bordering the transverse larger, erect hairs near apex, length of these dark band; cuneus uniformly brownish and less than thickness of segment; second, 2.03, translucent; membrane uniformly fusco- cylindrical, slightly thicker than first seg- brownish, veins slightly darker. Legs uni- ment, more slender near base, dark brown, formly dark brown, hind coxae with a pale with fine, dense pubescence; third, 1.11, or yellowish, opaque spot at antero-lateral slender, dark brown; fourth, 0.68, dark angle; femora with coarse, leathery surface, brown. Pronotum, length 1.24, width at base sparsely clothed with erect, pale hairs; hind 1.59; anterior angles 0.84, anterior one-third tibiae compressed, strongly curved, beset nearly cylindrical to a point just behind with yellow, spinelike hairs; tarsi fuscous, calli, from thence flaring to posterior mar- brownish at base. Venter black with a tinge gin, but margin nearly a straight line; disk of brown, moderately shining; strongly con- strongly convex ; calli much reduced and stricted at base, a pale mark on side just with two impressed points between; very beneath that of corium; venter sparsely set dark brown, darker anteriorly; surface with erect, pale hairs. leathery with pale pubescence and sparsely Female.—Length 5.50, width before base interspersed with erect, pilose hairs. Scutel- of cuneus 1.59. Very similar to male in lum conically produced ; point bent over and form and coloration ; abdomen broader at directed to the rear, fig. 181 ; sparsely set apex. Head width 1.32, vertex 0.58. Anten- with long, pilose hairs ; much of mesoscutum nae, first segment, length 0.54; second, 2.10, exposed, sloping downward to base of scu- slender on basal half, clavate at apex (0.11 tellum from which it is not distinctly sep- thick), exceeding thickness of first segment. arated; dark brown, moderately shining. Known Distribution.—Illinois, Missis- Sternum and pleura dark brown; posterior sippi, New York, North Carolina. half of epimeron white; ostiolar peritreme Illinois Record.—Shawneetown : June dark brown, with a protuberant point just 27, 1936, DeLong & Mohr, 1 $ . HOST LIST

Most species of Miridae are restricted to a dacious, at least in part, but are associated with plant single host or to a tew closely related plants. definite plants; these are indicated by a dagger (t). Notable exceptions include the tarnished plant Still other species have been collected on particular bug, Lygus oblineatns (Say), which may be found species of plants in sufficient numbers to make it on almost any plant, and Plagiognathus politus probable that those plants are the food plants of Uhler, which occurs on a great many herbaceous the mirids, but the exact relationship existing plants. Both are so common and so diverse in between the mirids and the plants under which their feeding habits that, to prevent repetition, they are listed has not been demonstrated. Such neither is the various in the included under hosts species are indicated by a double dagger (J). In following list. A number ot mirids are predacious, species ot Miridae not indicated by asterisk or but are associated with definite species of plants; dagger, the host relationship of the mirid and the in this list such mirids are indicated by an asterisk plant species under which it is listed has been (*). Other species are possibly or probably pre- definitely established.

Acer negundo Psallus alnicola Douglas and Scott, 44 XParacalocoris scrupeus (Say), 177 Psallus Juscatus Knight, 44 Plagiognathus negitndinis Knight, H Alnus sp. Acer rubrum \Deraeocoris borealis (Van Duzee), 71 Coccobaphes sanguinareus Uhler, 138 XDiaphnidia pellucida Uhler, 92 Neolygus vitticoliis (Reuter), 162 XPlagiognathus similis Knight, 37 Acer saccharinum Althaea rosea Neolygus vitticoliis (Reuter), 162 Melanotrichus althaeae (Hussey), 96 Acer saccharum Ambrosia trifida Coccobaphes sanguinareus Uhler, 139 Lygus plagiatus Uhler, 153 Microphylellus elongatus Knight, 42 Ambrosia sp. Neolygus hirticulus (Van Duzee), 163 Chlamydatus associatus (Uhler), 25 Neolygus vitticoliis (Reuter), 162 Chlamydatus suavis (Reuter), 26 ^Phytocoris corticevivens (Knight), 186 Ilnacora malina (Uhler), 83 Acer spicatum XPlagiognathus blatchleyi Reuter, 35 Neolygus belfragii (Reuter), 162 Plagiognathus nigronitens Knight, 30 Acer sp. Plagiognathus politus Uhler, 29 *Deraeocoris nebulosus (Uhler), 67 Reuteroscopus ornatus (Reuter), 48 XDiaphnidia pellucida Uhler, 92 Reuteroscopus sulphureus (Reuter), 49 *Phytocoris conspurcatus Knight, 188 Amorpha canescens Achillea millefolium Lopidea instabilis (Reuter), 91 Lopidea heidemanni Knight, 88 Psallus amorphae Knight, 44 Achillea sp. Amorpha fruticosa XAdelphocoris rapidus (Say), 174 Lopidea amorphae Knight, 90 Agropyron repens Psallus amorphae Knight, 44 Capsus ater (Linnaeus), 138 Anthemis cotula Alder; see Alnus Polymerus basalis (Reuter), 167 Alder, smooth; see Alnus rugosa Apium graveolens .Alder, speckled; see Alnus incana Lygus campestris (Linnaeus), 154 Alfalfa; see Medicago sativa Apple; see Pyrus malus Alliutn canadense Arbor vitae; see Thuja occidentalis Labopidea allii Knight, 105 Arrow-wood; see Viburnum Allium cepa Artemisia canadensis Labopidea ainsliei Knight, 105 Lygus atritibialis Knight, 152 Labopidea allii Knight, 105 Psallus bakeri (Bergroth), 45 Allium cernuum Artemisia sp. Labopidea ainsliei Knight, 105 Psallus bakeri (Bergroth), 45 Labopidea allii Knight, 105 Artichoke; see Helianthus tuberosus Alnus incana Arundinaria tecta ]Deraeocoris alnicola Knight, 70 *Phytocoris arundinicola Knight, 198 Neolygus alni Knight, 157 Asclepias sp. Alnus rugosa Xllnacora divisa Reuter, 83 *Ceratocapsus decurvatus Knight, 116 Macrolophus brevicornis Knight, 55 Ceratocapsus incisus Knight, 113 Ash; see Fraxinus Ceratocapsus modestus (Uhler), 111 Ash, black; see Fraxinus nigra *Deraeocoris poecilus (McAtee), 67 Ash, red; see Fraxinus pennsylvanica Neolygus clavigenitalis Knight, 163 Ash, white; see Fraxinus americana Aspen, American; see Populus tremuloia *Mirid predacious, but associated with the plant under Aspidium spinulosum which it is listed. tMirid possibly or probably predacious, but associated Monalocoris filicis (Linnaeus), 58 with the plant under which it is listed. Aster, golden; see Chrysopsis associated with the plant under which JMirid probably Aster macrophyllus it is listed, but exact relationship of plant and mirid not demonstrated. Microphylellus nigricornis Knight, 41 [211] Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1 212 Illinois Natural History

Reuteriafuscicornis Knight, 94 Aster, New England; see Aster novae-angliae Carya illinoensis Aster novae-angliae caryae Knight, 161 Macrotylus amoenus Reuter, 51 Neolygus Orthotylus ramus Knight, 100 Aster, prairie; see Aster sericeus XPhytocoris albifacies Knight, 186 Aster sericeus Plagiognathus caryae Knight, 38 Psallus astericola Knight, 45 Carya ovata Aster umbellatiis caryae Knight, 161 Polymertis opaciis Knight, 170 Neolygus XNeolygus quercalbae Knight, 160 Aster iindulatus Knight, 38 Macrotylus sexguttatus (Provancher), 51 Plagiognathus caryae Carya sp. Aster sp. (Uhler), 109 Dicyphus discrepans Knight, 54 Ceratocapsus fasciatus nigellus Knight, 111 Plagiognathus cuneatus Knight, 34 XCeratocapsus grandis (Uhler), 71 Avena saliva XDeraeocoris venatorius Duzee, 66 Trigonotylus ruficornis (GeoffToy), 130 XEustictus Van modestus Reuter, 41 Balm of Gifead; see Populus candicans XMicrophylellus ramus Knight, 100 Basswood; see Tilia americana Orthotylus scrupeus (Say), 177 Bean; see Phaseolus XParacalocoris caryae Knight, 207 Bedstraw; see Galium aparine Phytocoris 204 Bedstraw, northern; see Galium boreale Phytocoris injuscatus Reuter, onustus Van Duzee, 194 Beech; see Fagus Phytocoris dispar Knight, 39 Beech, blue; see Carpinus caroliniana Plagiognathus politus Uhler, 29 Beech, water; see Carpinus caroliniana XPlagiognathus Beet, cultivated; see Beta vulgaris Castanea sp. hirticulus (Van Duzee), 63 Beet, sugar; see Beta vulgaris Neolygus Knight, 163 Beta vulgaris Neolygus omnivagus XChlamydatus associatus (Uhler), 25 Caulophyllum thalictroides (Say), 173 Betula lutea Horcias dislocatus \Deraeocoris betulae Knight, 70 Cedar, red; see Juniperus virginiana Neolygus fagi Knight, 161 Celery; see Apium graveolens Orthotylus necopinus Van Duzee, 103 Celtis occidentalis Betula nigra Paracalocoris celtidis Knight, 179 XCeratocapsus pumilus (Uhler), 112 Cephalanthus occidentalis *Deraeocoris poecilus (McAtee), 67 Neurocolpus nubilus (Say), 182 XLopidea media (Say), 89 *Phytocoris canadensis Van Duzee, 193 XPhytocoris confluens Reuter, 205 Chenopodium album XPhytocoris puella Reuter, 207 Melanotrichus flavosparsus (Sahlberg), 96 XPlagiognathus atricornis Knight, 35 XReuteroscopus ornatus (Reuter), 48 Plagiognathus similis Knight, 37 XReuteroscopus sulphureus (Reuter), 49 Betula pumila Chestnut; see Castanea Psallus parshleyi Knight, 44 Chrysanthemum leucanthetiium (Wolff), 31 Betula sp. Plagiognathus chrysanthemi XPlagiognathus politus Uhler, 29 Chrysanthemum sp. Birch; see Betula XLopidea confluenta (Say), 87 Birch, red; see Betula nigra XPolymerus basalis (Reuter), 167 Birch, yellow; see Betula lutea XPsallus seriatus (Reuter), 45 Blackberry; see Rubus Chrysepsis villosa Bladder nut, American; see Staphylea trifolia Polymerus chrysopsis Knight, 171 Bluegrass; see Poa pratensis Clematis virginiana Bluegrass, Canada; see Poa compressa Halticus intermedins Uhler, 77 Box elder; see Acer negundo Clover; see Trifolium, Melilotus Brassica nigra Clover, prairie; see Petalostemum purpureum Campylomma verbasci (Meyer), 25 Clover, red; see Trifolium pratense Bromus inermis Clover, sweet; see Melilotus Capsus simulans (Stal), 138 Clover, white; see Trifolium repens Burning bush; see Evonymus atropurpureus Cocklebur; see Xanthium Butternut; see Juglans cinerea Coltsfoot; see Tussilago farfara Buttonbush; sec Cephalanthus occidentatis Conium maculatum Calamagrostis canadensis Lygus campestris (Linnaeus), 154 Collaria meilleurii Provancher, 126 Coralberry; see Symphoricarpos orbiculatus Cane, switch; see Arundinaria tecta Coreopsis sp. Carex vesicaria XPolymerus basalis (Reuter), 167 Teratocoris paludum J. Sahlberg, 128 Cornus alternifolia Carex sp. Neolygus communis Knight, 159 Teratocoris discolor Uhler, 128 Cornus amomum Carpinus caroliniana Plagiognathus cornicola Knight, 38 Ceratocapsus incisus Knight, 113 Cornus paniculata Neolygus carpini, Knight, 164 Neolygus communis Knight, 459 Neolygus johnsoni Knight, 162 Cornus stolonifera *Phytocoris canadensis Van Duzee, 193 Neolygus communis Knight, 159 *Phytocoris erectus Van Duzee, 199 Cornus stricta XPhytocoris lacunosus Knight, 197 Plagiognathus cornicola Knight, 38 September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 213

Cornus sp. Figwort, see Scroplmlaria leporella Neolygus o?nnivagus Knight, 163 Fleabane; see Erigeron XParacalocoris scrupeus (Say), 177 Foxglove, false; see Gerardia pedicidaria Cory Ills americana Fraxinus americana Microphylellus longirostris Knight, 42 Neoborus amoenus (Reuterj, 140 XMicrophylellns modestiis Reuter, 41 Neoborus canadensis (Van Duzee), 141 Corylus sp. Neoborus geminus (Say), 140 XCeratocapsHS pilosiilus Knight, 109 Neoborus glaber Knight, 140 XLopidea media (Say), 89 Neoborus palmeri Reuter, 141 XPlagiognathiis politus Uhler, 29 Neoborus pubescens Knight, 141 Cotton; see Gossypium herbaceum Neoborus rujusculus Knight, 143 Cottonwood; see Popidus Neoborus viltiscutis Knight, 143 Crabapple; see Pyriis coronaria Tropidosteptes cardinalis Uhler, 139 Cranberry; see Vaccinium Xenoborus pettiti (Reuter), 145 Crataegus mollis Fraxinus nigra XMicrophylellus modestus Reuter, 41 Xenoborus commissuralis Reuter, 144 Crataegus punctata Xenoborus negleclus Knight, 144 Orthotylus serus Van Duzee, 102 Xenoborus plagifer (Reuter), 144 Crataegus tomentosa Fraxinus pennsylvanica Orthotylus serus Van Duzee, 102 Neoborus amoenus (Reuter), 140 Crataegus sp. Fraxinus sp. *Deraeocoris fasciolus Knight, 70 XLopidea media (Say), 89 ^Deraeocoris quercicola Knight, 71 Neoborus spp., 139 Diaphnidia pellucida Uhler, 92 Neolygus hirticulus (Van Duzee), 163 Heterocordylus malinus Reuter, 107 XPlagiognathus dispar Knight, 39 Lygidea mendax Reuter, 146 Pseudoxenetus scutellatus (Uhler), 118 Neolygus univittatus Knight, 160 Xenoborus spp., 143 Paracalocoris palUdulus McAtee, 178 Gale, sweet; see Myrica gale Paracalocoris scrupeus (Say), 177 Galium aparine Plagiognathus dispar Knight, 39 Criocoris s aliens (Reuter), 49 Croton capitatus XLopidea heidemanni Knight, 88 Psallus seriatus (Reuter), 45 Polymerus proximus Knight, 168 Croton texensis Galium boreale Psallus seriatus (Reuter), 45 Polymerus unijasciatus (Fabricius), 167 Croton sp. Garlic, wild; see Allium canadense Psallus seriatus (Reuter), 45 Geranium maculatum Cudweed; see Gnaphalium uliginosuni Horcias dislocatus (Say), 173 Cup plant; see Silphium perjoliatum Gerardia pedicularia Currant; see Ribes Macrolophus separatus (Uhler), 55 Cydonia oblonga Gleditsia triacanthos Lygidea mendax Reuter, 146 XLopidea heidemanni Knight, 88 Cynodon dactylon Lopidea incurva Knight, 88 Trigonotylus brevipes Jakovlev, 129 Neolygus tinctus Knight, 157 Cypress, bald; see Taxodium distichum Paracalocoris gleditsiae Knight, 180 Dactylis glomerata Pilophorus walshii Uhler, 123 Stenotus binotatus (Fabricius), 175 Plagiognathus delicatus (Uhlerj, 37 Daisy; see Chrysanthemum Plagiognathus gleditsiae Knight, 37 Daisy, oxeye; see Chrysanthemum leucanthemum Gnaphalium uliginosuni Dock, see Rumex Melanotrichus catulus (Van Duzee), 97 Dog iennel; see Anthemis cotula Goldenrod; see Solidago Dogwood; see Cornus Gooseberry; see Ribes Elder; see Sambucus Gooseberry, prickly; see Ribes cynosbati Elm; see Ulmus Goosegrass; see Galium aparine Elm, American; see Ulmus aynericana Gossypium herbaceum Erigeron canadensis Lygus hesperus Knight, 151 Lygus apicalis Fieber, 154 Psallus seriatus (Reuter), 46 Erigeron sp. Grape; see Vitis XEygus plagiatus Uhler, 153 Grape, muscadine; see Vitis rotundijolia Euphorbia adenoptera Grass, Bermuda; see Cynodon dactylon Semium hirtum Reuter, 75 Grass, bluejoint; see Calamagrostis canadensis Euphorbia humistrata Grass, brome; see Brotnus inerniis Semium hirtum Reuter, 75 Grass, couch; see Agropyron repens Evonymus atropurpureus Grass, orchard; see Dactylis glomerata Paracalocoris evonymi Knight, 178 Grass, panic; see Panicum huachucae Fagus grandifolia Grass, quack; see Agropyron repens Neolygus Jagi Knight, 161 Grass, slough; see Spartina michauxiana Fagus sp. Grasses (undifferentiated) Neolygus hirticulus (Van Duzee), 163 Capsus ater (Linnaeus), 138 Fern, cinnamon; see Osmunda cinnamonea Collaria meilleurii Provancher, 126 Fern, shield, see Aspidium spinulosum Collaria oculata (Reuter), 127 Ferns (undifferentiated) Miris dolabratus (Linnaeus), 127 Ceralocapsus setosus Reuter, 115 Stenodema trispinosum Reuter, 130 214 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1

Stenodema vicitium (Provancher), 130 Locust, black; see Robinia pseudoacacia Trigonotylus ruficornis (Geoffrey), 130 Locust, honey; see Gleditsia triacanthos Gum, black; see Nyssa sylvatica Loosestrife; see Lysimachia quadrijolia Gum, sour; see Nyssa Lycopersicon esculentum Gymnocladus dioica Cyrtopeltis varians (Distant), 53 XNeurocoipus niibilus (Say), 182 Lysimachia quadrijolia Hackberry; see Celtis occidentalis Polymerus punctipes Knight, 169 Hamamelis virginiana Mallow; see Malva rotundijolia Diaphnidia capitata Van Duzee, 92 Malva rotundijolia Lopidea renteri Knight, 91 Melanotrichus althaeae (Hussey), 96 Hamulus japonicus Maple; see Acer Paracalocoris hawleyi Knight, 178 Maple, mountain; see Acer spicatum Hawthorn; see Crataegus Maple, red; see Acer rubrum Hazelnut; see Corylus Maple, silver; see Acer saccharinum Helianthus tuberosus Maple, sugar; see Acer saccharum Ilnacora stalii Reuter, 84 Meadow-sweet; see Spiraea salicijolia XPolymerus basalts (Reuter), 167 Medicago sativa Helianthus sp. Adelphocoris lineolatus (Goeze), 175 Ilnacora stalii Reuter, 84 Lygus elisus Van Duzee, 152 XMelanotrichus- flavosparsus (Sahlberg), 96 Lygus hesperus Knight, 151 Plagiognathus nigronitens Knight, 30 Melilotus sp. Hemlock; see Tsuga canadensis Adelphocoris lineolatus (Goeze), 175 Hemlock, poison; see Conium maculatum Adelphocoris rapidus (Say), 174 Heracleum lanatum Milkweed; see Asclepias sp. %Lygus campestris (Linnaeus), 154 Mint, horse; see Monarda punctata Hickory; see Carya Mint, mountain; see Pycnanthemum sp. Hollyhock; see Althaea rosea Monarda punctata Hop tree; see Ptelea trijoliata XPsallus seriatus (Reuter), 45 Hops; see Hamulus japonicus Mullein; see Verbascum Hornbeam, American; see Carpinus caroliniana Mustard, black; see Brassica nigra Hornbeam, hop; see Ostrya virginiana Myrica gale Horseweed; see Ambrosia trifida Plagiognathus Jiavicornis Knight, 30 Hex verticillata Nannyberry, see Viburnum lentago Neolygus communis Knight, 159 Nyssa sylvatica Impatiens biflora Lepidopsallus nyssae Johnston, 48 Lygus pabulinus (Linnaeus), 153 Nyssa sp. Indigo, false; see AmorphaJruticosa Neolygus nyssae Knight, 164 Juglans cinerea Oak; see ûercus Plagiognathus albatus (Van Duzee), 36 Oak, blackjack; see ûercus marilandica Plagiognathus repletus Knight, 38 Oak, bur; see §uercus macrocarpa "Juglans nigra Oak, live; see ûercus virginiana XCeratocapsus uniformis Knight, 113 Oak, post; see ûercus stellata IDiaphnidia pellucida Uhler, 92 Oak, red; see ûercus rubra *Phytocoris conspurcatus Knight, 188 Oak, scarlet; see ûercus coccinea Plagiognathus albatus (Van Duzee), 36 Oak, white; see ûercus alba Plagiognathus punctatipes Knight, 39 Oak, yellow; see ûercus muhlenbergii Plagiognathus repletus Knight, 38 Oats; see Avena sativa Juncus dudleyi Onion, cultivated; see Allium cepa Lopus decolor (Fallen), 51 Onion, wild; see Allium cernuum Juncus sp. Osmunda cinnamonea Lopus decolor (Fallen), 51 Monalocoris filicis (Linnaeus), 58 Mimoceps insignis Uhler, 125 Ostrya virginiana Juniperus virginiana XCeratocapsus pilosulus Knight, 109 Dichrooscytus tinctipennis Knight, 165 Diaphnidia pellucida Uhler, 92 Dichrooscytus viridicans Knight, 165 Neolygus ostryae Knight, 164 Parthenicus juniperi (Heidemann), 76 ReuteriaJuscicornis Knight, 94 Phytocoris junipericola Knight, 201 Panicum huachucae \Pilophorus juniperi Knight, 123 Collaria oculata (Reuter), 127 Kentucky coffee tree; see Gymnocladus dioica Papoose root; see Caulophyllum thalictroides Lamb's quarter; see Chenopodium album Parsnip; see Pastinaca sativa Larch; see Larix laricina Parsnip, cow; see Heracleum lanatum Larix laricina Pastinaca sativa ^Deraeocoris laricicola Knight, 73 XLygus campestris (Linnaeus), 154 \Pilophorus uhleri Knight, 122 Pea, hoary; see Tephrosia sp. Plagiognathus laricicola Knight, 39 Peach; see Prunus persica Lathyrus venosus Pear; see Pyrus communis Lopidea lathyri Knight, 91 Pecan; see Carya illinoensis Lead plant; see Amorpha canescens Petalostemum purpweum Leafcup; see Polymnia canadensis Lopidea minor Knight, 88 Linden; see Tilia americana Phaseolus sp. Locust; see Robinia pseudoacacia, Gleditsia tri- Halticus bracteatus (Say), 77 acanthos Lygus elisus Van Duzee, 152 September, 1941 KxiGHT: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 215

LygHS hesperns Knight, 151 Capsus ater (Linnaeus), 138 XOpistheuria clandestina \'an Duzee, 131 Poa pratensis Phleiim pratense Miris dolabratus (Linnaeus), 127 Capsus ater (Linnaeus), 138 Polygo n u m m uhlenbergii Miris dolabratus (Linnaeus), 127 ^Deraeocoris histrio (Reuter), 69 XStenotus binotatus (Fabricius), 175 Polygonum sp. Phlox sp. XGarganus fusiformis (Say), 181 XLopidea confliienta (Say), 87 XLygus plagiatus Uhler, 153 Lopidea davisi Knight, 87 Polymnia canadensis Picea excelsa Dicyphus gracilentus Parshley, 54 XPhytocoris buenoi Knight, 197 Lopidea confluenta (Say), 87 Picea mariana Macrolophus tenuicornis BJatchley, 56 Plagiognathiis suffuscipennis Knight, 40 Plagiognathus albifacies Knight, 35 Picea sp. Polymnia uvedalia Psalius piceicola Knight, 44 Lopidea confluenta (Say), 87 Pine; see Pinus Polymnia sp. Pine, Austrian; see Pinus nigra var. austriaca Macrolophus separatus (L^hler), 55 Pine, pitch; see Pinus rigida Poplar; see Populus Pine, red; see Pinus resinosa Poplar, balsam; see Populus balsamijera Pine, Scotch; see Pinus syhestris Populus balsamijera Pine, scrub; see Pinus virginiana Lopidea cuneata Van Duzee, 89 Pine, Virginia; see Pinus virginiana Orthotylus knighti Van Duzee, 102 Pine, white; see Pinus strobus Populus candicans Pine, yellow, see Pinus echinata Orthotylus knighti Van Duzee, 102 Pinus echinata Populus deltoides \Eustictus filicornis (Walker), 66 XDiaphnidia pellucida Uhler, 92 Pinus nigra var. austriaca Lopidea cuneata Van Duzee, 89 Alepidia gracilis (Uhler), 119 Neolygus hirticulus (Van Duzee), 163 Pinus resinosa XNeurocolpus nubilus (Say), 182 Alepidia gracilis (Uhler), 119 Populus tremuloides Dichrooscytus suspectus Reuter, 166 ^Eustictus necopinus Knight, 66 Phytocoris pinicola Knight, 201 Orthotylus candidatus Van Duzee, 102 *Pilophorus vanduzeei Knight, 120 Populus sp. Pinus rigida Neoborus populi Knight, 142 Phytocoris unijormis Knight, 201 Potato; see Solanum tuberosum Pinus strobus Prunus persica \Deraeocoris nubilus Knight, 69 Neolygus caryae Knight, 162 *Deraeocoiis pinicola Knight, 73 XNeolygus quercalbae Knight, 160 Phytocoris diversus Knight, 200 Psedera quinquefolia Phytocoris fulvus Knight, 201 Paracalocoris castus McAtee, 178 \Pilophorus strobicola Knight, 122 Psedera sp. Platylygus luridus (Reuter), 147 Neolygus hirticulus (\'an Duzee), 163 Psallus strobicola Knight, 45 Ptelea trifoliata Pinus syhestris XParacalocoris scrupeus (Say), 177 Alepidia gracilis (Uhler), 119 Pycnanthemum sp. Dichrooscytus rufipennis (Fallen), 166 XPhytocoris tibialis Reuter, 205 Phytocoris pinicola Knight, 201 Pyrus communis \Pilophorus strobicola Knight, 122 Neolygus communis Knight, 159 \Pilophorus uhleri Knight, 122 *Phyiocoris conspurcatus Knight, 188 *Pitophorus vanduzeei Knight, 120 Pyrus coronaria Pinus virginiana Lygidea mendax Reuter, 146 Alepidiella heidemanni Poppius, 119 Pyrus malus \T)eraeocoris nigritulus Knight, 73 Campylomma verbasci (Meyer), 25 Dichrooscytus suspectus Reuter, 166 *Deraeocoris fasciolus Knight, 70 Phytocoris conspersipes Reuter, 201 Diaphnidia pellucida Uhler, 92 Phytocoris mundus Reuter, 201 *Eurychilopterella luridula Reuter, 73 Pilophorus amoenus Uhler, 122 Heterocordylus malinus Reuter, 107 Pilophorus laetus Van Duzee, 121 Lygidea viendax Reuter, 146 Pinus sp. Paracalocoris pallidulus McAtee, 178 Deraeocoris albigulus Knight, 73 *Phytocoris breviusculus Reuter, 190 XLargidea grossa Van Duzee, 63 ^Phytocoris conspurcatus Knight, 188 Phytocoris angustijrons Knight, 201 "Phytocoris neglectus Knight, 194 Plantago aristata Plagiognathus politus Uhler, 29 XLepidopsallus rubidus (Uhler), 47 ^uercus alba XPolymerus basalis (Reuter), 167 ^Deraeocoris quercicola Knight, 71 Plantago lanceolata Diaphnidia provancheri (Burque), 92 Halticus bracteatus (Say), 77 Microphylellus maculipennis Knight, 41 Plantain; see Plantago aristata \Microphylellus modestus Reuter, 41 Platanus occidentalis Neolygus geneseensis Knight, 159 Plagiognathus albatus (Van Duzee), 36 Neolygus omnivagus Knight, 163 Reuteria platani Knight, 95 Neolygus quercalbae Knight, 160 Poa compressa Neolygus semivittatus Knight, 163 216 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin To/. 22, Art. 1

%Peritropis husseyi Knight, 62 Sagebrush; see Artemisia Pseudoxenettis regalis (Uhler), 119 Salix amygdaloides Pseudoxenetus sctitellatus (Uhler), 119 *Ceratocapsus fuscinus Knight, 116 ûercus coccinea Lygidea salicis Knight, 146 Neolygus omnivagHS Knight, 163 Lygus rubicundus (Fallen), 153 Sliiercus macrocarpa Salix jragilis XCeratocapSHS pilosulns Knight, 109 Orthotylus modestus Van Duzee, 104 *Deraeocoris nebidosiis (Uhler), 67 Orthotylus ornatus Van Duzee, 103 ^Deraeocoris qiiercicola Knight, 11 Salix longifolia \HyaHodes brevis Knight, 58 Lygidea rosacea Reuter, 145 Phytocoris depictns Knight, 208 Orthotylus basicornis Knight, 102 Phytocoris quercicola Knight, 203 Paracalocoris salicis Knight, 177 \Phytocoris sulcatus Knight, 190 Phytocoris rubellus Knight, 202 Plagiognathiis nigrolineatits Knight, 35 Plagiognathus flavoscutellatus Knight, 32 Reuteria qiierci Knight, 95 Plagiognathus salicicola Knight, 36 ûerctis marilandica Plagiognathus tinctus Knight, 31 XPseiidoxetietiis regalis (Uhler), 119 Salix nigra ûercus miihlenbergii ^Ceratocapsus fuscinus Knight, 115 Pseudoxenetus scutellatus (Uhler), 118 Lopidea salicis Knight, 89 ûercus rubra Lygidea obscura Reuter, 145 Neolygus omnivagus Knight, 163 Orthotylus modestus Van Duzee, 104 Phytocoris depictus Knight, 208 Orthotylus neglectus Knight, 105 XPseudoxenetus regalis (Uhler), 119 Orthotylus viridis Van Duzee, 101 Pseudoxenetus scutellatus (Uhler), 118 ^Phytocoris salicis Knight, 196 ûercus stellata Salix syrticola Lepidopsallus miniatus Knight, 48 Plagiognathus syrticolae Knight, 31 Neocapsus cuneatus Distant, 147 Salix sp. Neolygus geneseensis Knight, 159 Ceratocapsus incisus Knight, 113 ûercus virginiana Ceratocapsus pumilus (Uhler), 112 Pseudoxenetus regalis (Uhler), 119 XDiaphnidia pellucida Uhler, 92 ûercus sp. \Eustictus salicicola Knight, 66 Ceratocapsus fnodestus (Uhler), 111 Lepidopsallus rubidus (Uhler), 47 \Deraeocoris sayi (Reuter), 73 XLopidea heidemanni Knight, 88 XDiaphnidia pellucida Uhler, 92 XLopidea media (Say), 89 XPhytocoris confluens Reuter, 205 Lygus atritylus Knight, 157 XPhytocoris puella Reuter, 207 XLygus plagiatus Uhler, 153 \Pilophorus clavatus (Linnaeus), 124 Microsynamma bohemanni (Fallen), 42 Plagiognathus guttulosus (Reuter), 40 XNeurocolpus nubilis (Say), 182 XPIagiognathus politus Uhler, 29 XOpistheuria clandestina Van Duzee, 131 Quince; see Cydonia oblonga Orthotylus dorsalis (Provancher), 100 Ragweed; see Ambrosia Orthotylus rossi Knight, 102 Ragweed, giant; see Ambrosia trifida XParacalocoris scrupeus (Say), 177 Raspberry; see Rubus odoratus *Phytocoris conspurcatus Knight, 188 Rhus aromatica *Phytocoris erectus Van Duzee, 199 Platytykllus Jraternus Knight, 134 Pilophorus brunneus Poppius, 123 Ribes cynosbati XPIagiognathus politus Uhler, 29 XPhytocoris vittatus Reuter, 190 XPlatytylellus rubrovittatus (Stal), 133 Ribes oxyacanthoides XPolymerus venustus Knight, 170 Horcias Jallax Reuter, 173 Sambucus sp. Ribes sp. XNeurocolpus jessiae Knight, 183 Paracalocoris colon (Say), 180 Scirpus sp. *Phytocoris canadensis Van Duzee, 193 Teratocoris discolor Uhler, 128 Poecilocapsus lineatus (Fabricius), 172 Scrophularia leporella Robinia pseudoacacia Horcias dislocatus (Say), 173 XDiaphnidia pellucida Uhler, 92 XPlatytylellus rubellicollis Knight, 136 XLepidopsallus rubidus (Uhler), 47 Sedges, see Carex, Juncus, Scirpus Lopidea robiniae (Uhler), 89 Sheepberry; see Viburnum lentago Orthotylus robiniae Johnston, 100 Sida spinosa Orthotylus submarginatus (Say), 103 Reuteroscopus sulphureus (Reuter), 49 Paracalocoris gleditsiae Knight, 180 Silphium perfoliatum XPIagiognathus politus Uhler, 29 Strongylocoris hirtus Knight, 80 Rosa sp. Smartweed; see Polygonum Plagiognathus rosicola Knight, 36 Smilacina racemosa Rubus odoratus Horcias dislocatus (Say), 173 Dicyphus agilis (Uhler), Si Snowberry; see Symphoricarpos orbiculatus Dicyphus Jamelicus (Uhler), 54 Solanum tuberosum Rubus sp. Poecilocapsus lineatus (Fabricius), 172 XPhytocoris breviusculus Reuter, 190 Solidago altissima Rumex sp. Polymerus venaticus (Uhler), 169 Adelphocoris rapidus (Say), 174 Strongylocoris breviatus Knight, 79 Poecilocapsus lineatus (Fabricius), 172 Solidago canadensis Rushes; see Juncus Lygus vanduzeei Knight, 150 September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 217

Solidago rugosa Halticus bracteatus (Say), 77 Lopidea media (Say), 89 Trifolium sp. Solidago sp. XAdelphocoris rapidus (Say), 174 Ilnacora malina (Uhler), 83 Tsuga canadensis Plagiognathus politus Uhler, 29 Microphylellus tsugae Knight, 42 Polymerus flavocostatiis Knight, 168 Tupelo; see Nyssa Strongy/ocoris stygiats (Say), 79 Tussilago farfara Solomon's seal, false; see Smilacina racemosa Garganus fusiformis (Say), 181 Spartina michaiixiana Ulmus americana Trigonotyliis tarsalis (Reuter), 129 Neolygus invitus (Say), 157 Spidervvort; see Tradescantia Reuteria irrorata (Say), 93 Spiraea salicijolia Ulmus sp. Plagiognathus alhonotatits Knight, 31 *Deraeocoris aphidiphagus Knight, 71 Spruce, black; see Picea mariana *Deraeocoris nitenatus Knight, 72 Spruce, Norway; see Picea excelsa XDiaphnidia pellucida Uhler, 92 Spurge; see Euphorbia XLurychilopterella luridula Reuter, 73 Staphylea trifotia Lopidea heidemanni Knight, 88 Lopidea staphyleae Knight, 90 ^Microphylellus modestus Reuter, 41 Sumach; see Rhus aiomalica *Phytocoris conspurcatus Knight, 189

~~Sunflower; see Helianthus "* Phytocoris cortitectus Knight, 196 Sweet William; see Phlox \Phytocoris sulcatus Knight, 190 Sycamore; see Platanus occidentalis Vaccinium sp.~~

Symphoricarpos orbiculatus Plagiognathus repet it us Knight, 40 XLopidea heidemanni Knight, 88 Verbascum sp. XPlagiognathus politus Uhler, 29 Campylomma verbasci (Meyer), 25 XPsallus seriatus (Reuter), 45 Verbena stricta XReuteroscopus sulphureus (Reuter), 49 Campylomma verbasci (Meyer), 25 Tamarack; see Larix laricina \'ervain, hoary; see Verbena stricta Taxodium distichum Vetchling; see Lathyrus venosus Ceratocapsus taxodii Knight, 111 Viburnum acerifolium Orthotylus taxodii Knight, 101 Neolygus belfragii (Reuter), 162 Parthenicus taxodii Knight, 76 Viburnum lentago *Phytocoris erectus \'an Duzee, 199 Lygidea viburni Knight, 145 Phytocoris exemplus Knight, 201 Neolygus viburni Knight, 159 Phytocoris taxodii Knight, 203 Viburnum sp. Pilophorus taxodii Knight, 121 Neolygus omnivagus Knight, 163 XPlagiognathus politus Uhler, 29 Virginia creeper; see Psedera quinquefolia Tephrosia sp. Virgin's bower; see Clematis virginiana Teleorhinus tephrosicola Knight, 52 Vitis rotundifolia Thuja occidentalis Neolygus inconspicuus Knight, 161 Dichrooscytus tinctipennis Knight, 165 Paracalocoris multisignatus Reuter, 180 Dichrooscytus viridicans Knight, 165 Vitis sp. Tickweed; see Coreopsis Ceratocapsus modestus (Uhler), 111 Tilia americana Ceratocapsus pumilus (Uhler), 112 Ceratocapsus modestus (Uhler), 111 *Hyaliodes vitripennis (Say), 56 XCeratocapsus rubricornis Knight, 109 Paracalocoris scrupeus (Say), 177 *Deraeocoris nitenatus Knight, 72 Paraxenetus guttulatus (Uhler), 209 Neolygus tiliae Knight, 161 Waahoo; see Evonymus atropurpureus Neurocolpus tiliae Knight, 182 Walnut; see Juglans ^Phytocoris conspurcatus Knight, 188 Walnut, black; see Juglans nigra \Phytocoris sulcatus Knight, 190 Willow; see Salix Plagiognathus sericeus (Heidemann), 34 Willow, black; see Salix nigra Tilia sp. Willow, crack; see Salix fragilis \Deraeocoris quercicola Knight, 71 Willow, sand; see Salix syrticola Timothy; see Phleuni pratense Willow, sandbar; see Salix longifolia Tomato; see Lycopersicon esculentum Willow, peach-leaved; see Salix amygdaloides Touch-me-not; see Impatiens biflora W' inter berry; see Ilex verticillata Tradescantia sp. Witchhazel; see Hamamelis virginiana XLopidea media (Say), 89 Woodbine; see Psedera XMiris dolabratus (Linnaeus), 127 Wormwood; see Artemisia canadensis Trifolium pratense Xanthium sp. XLopidea confiuenta (Say), 87 Ilnacora stalii Reuter, 84 Trifolium repens Yarrow; see Achillea BIBLIOGRAPHY

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1! Ueber einige amerikanische Capsiden. earumque familiae affines. London. Wiener Entomologische Zeitung 17 iv + 1-16 pp., 1828; 17-186 pp.. 1829. (l):33-5. Fieber, Franz Xavier 1920. List of the Cylapinae, with descrip- 1859. Critirien zur generischen Theilung tions of Philippine forms. Annales de der Phytocoriden (Capsini aut.). la Societe Entomologique de Belgique Wiener Entomologische Monatschrift 60:67-83. 2(10j:289-327; (ll):329-47. 6 pis. Beyer, A. H. 1860-61. Fauna Austriaca, die europaischen 1921. Garden flea-hopper in aUalta and its Hemiptera. Halbflugler (Rhynchota- control. U. S. Dept. Ag. Bui. 964. Heteroptera). Nach der analytischen 27 pp., 14 figs. Methode bearbeitet. Wien. 16 + 108 pp., 2 pis., 1860; 109-444, 1861. Blatchley, W. S. 1926rt. Some new Miridae trom the eastern Fourcroy, Antoine Francois United States. Ent. News 37(6j: 1785. Entomologia Parisiensis. Paris. 2 vols. 163-9. 544 pp. \92()b. Heteroptera or true bugs of eastern Fulton, B. B. North America with especial reference to the faunas of Indiana and 1918. Observations on the life-history and Florida. Nature Publishing Co., habits of Pilophorus walshii Uhler. Indianapolis. 1116 pp. Ent. Soc. Am. Ann. 11:93-6. Brittain, W. H. Geoffrey, Etienne Louis 1917. The green apple bug in Nova Scotia. 1785. New species described in Fourcrov 1785. Nova Scotia Dept. Ag. Bui. 9. 70 pp., 6 pis. Gmelin, Johann Friedrich Burque, F. X. 1790. Caroli a Linne systema naturae, 1887. Descriptions of certain species in thirteenth edition. Lipsiae. Tome 1, Provancher 1886-90. 4:2041-224.

Cook, A. J. Goeze, Johann A. E. 1891. Kerosene emulsions. Mich. Ag. E>Lxp. 1778. Entomologische Beitrage zu des Sta. Bui. 76, p. 10. Ritter Linne Zwolften Ausgabe des Natursystems 2. Leipzig. Distant, W. L. 72+352 pp. 1880-93. Insecta. Rhynchota. Hemiptera- Hahn, C. W., and G. A. W. Herrich-Schaeffer Heteroptera 1. Biologia Centrali- 1831—53. Die Wanzenartigen Insecten. Americana. London. xx-|-462 pp., 39 Niirnberg. Vols. l-3(p.32), 1831-35 pis. by Hahn. Vols. 3(p. 33)-9, 1836-53 Douglas, John W., and John Scott by Herrich-SchaeiTer. 1865. The British Hemiptera 1. Hemiptera- Heidemann, Otto Heteroptera. London, xii+627 pp., 1892. Note on the food-plants of some 21 pis. Capsidae from the vicinity of Wash- 1871. British Hemiptera: additions and cor- ington, D. C. Ent. Soc. Wash. Proc. rections. Entomologist's Monthlv 2:224-6. Magazine 8(1 ) :23-9; (3j:60-3. 1905. A list of Capsids from the state of 1875. British Hemiptera: additions and cor- New York, with the description of a rections. Entomologist's Monthly new species. N. Y. Ent. Soc. Jour. Magazine 12(5):100-2. 13(l):48-50.

Emmons, Ebenezer Hottes, Frederick C, and TJieodore H. Frison 1854. Natural history of New York. Agri- 1931. The plant lice, or Aphiidae, of Illi- culture 5, Insects. Albany. viii-|-272 nois. 111. Nat. Hist. Surv. Bui. pp., 3+47 pis. 19(3j:121-447. 10 pis. [218] September. 1941 KxiGur: Plant Hues, or Miridae, of Illinois 219

Hussey, R. F. (Hemiptera, Miridae). BrookU n 1924. A change of name (Hemiptera, Ent. Soc. Bui. 13(5):lll-6. Miridae). Brooklyn Ent. Soc. Bui. 1920. New and little-known species of Phy- 19(5):165. locoris from the eastern L'nited States (Heteroptera, Mi ridiae). Brook- Jakovlev, B. lyn Ent. Soc. Bui. 15(2-31:49-66. 1 1880. Hemiptera-Heteroptera from Russia pi. and adjacent countries (translated 1921. Monograph of the North American from Russian title). Russkoe ento- species of Deiytencoris (Heteroptera, molouicheskoe obshchestvo 'Irudv Miridae). Minn. State Ent. 18th 11:200-20. Rep. 1920:76-210, pis. 8-9, figs. 2-44. Johnston, Horace G. \922a. Nearctic records for species of 1930. Four new species of Miridae from Miridae known heretofore only from Texas. Brooklyn Ent. Soc. Bui. the Palaearctic region (Heteroptera). 25(5) -.295-300. Can. Ent. 53(12 ):280-8. 1935. Five new species of Miridae. Brook- 1922/'. The North American species of lyn Ent. Soc. Bui. 30(1) -.15-8. Labops (Heteroptera, Miridae). Can. Ent. 54(11 ):258-61. Kirschbaum, C. L. 1923rt. A new Peritrupis from the eastern 1855. Rhynchotographische Beitriige. Die United States (Heteroptera, Miridae). Rhynchoten der Gegend von Wies- Ent. News 34(2):50-2. baden. Erstes Heft, die Capsinen. Jahrbiicher des Vereins fur Natur- 1923/-'. A new species of Labopidea on garlic (Heteroptera, Miridae). Brookhn kunde in Herzogthum Nassau 10: Ent. Soc. Bui. 18(1 ):31. 161-348. .-llso separate, Wiesbaden, 189 pp. 1923f. A fourth paper on the species of Lopidea (Heteroptera, Miridae). Ent. Knight, Harry H. News 34(3):65-72. 2 pis. 1915. Observations on the oviposition of 1923^/. The Miridae (or Capsidae) of Con- certain Capsids. lour. Econ. Ent. necticut. In Bui. 34, Conn. Geol. and 8(2):293-8. Nat. Hist. Surv., pp. 422-658, figs. 1916rt. Remarks on Ly^ns invilns Say, with 47-149. descriptions of a new species and 1925. Descriptions of twelve new species of variety of Lygus. (Hemiptera, Po/vwi';7<5 (Hemiptera, Miridae). Can. Miridae.) Can. Ent. 48(10) :345-9. Ent. 57(10):244-53. 1916^. Paracalocoris hawleyi n. sp., and var. 1926rt. Descriptions of four new species of ancora n. Ent. Soc. Am. Ann. 9(4): Pla^iopiathns from the eastern 377-8. United States (Hemiptera, Miridae). 1917rt. New and noteworthy forms ol North Ent. News 37(1):9-12. American Miridae (Hemiptera). Ent. 1926/'. A new Rhinacloa and three new News 28(l):3-8. species of Lepidopsallus (Hemiptera, V>\lh. A revision of the genus Lygus as it Miridae). Brooklyn Ent. Soc. Bui. occurs in America north of Mexico, 20(5):225-8. (Dated 1925.) with biological data on the species 1926r'. Capsiis simulans (Stall and Labops from New York. N. Y. (Cornell) Ag. burmeisteri Stal recognized from the Exp. Sta. Bui. 391:555-645. 1 pi. Nearctic region. Can. Ent. 58(3): 1917f. Notes on species of Miridae inhabit- 59-60. ing ash trees (Fraxinus) with the 1926

1926/. Descriptions of seven new Paracalo- 1939rt. Three new species of Miridae from coris with keys to the Nearctic species North America (Hemiptera). Bui. and varieties (Hemiptera, Miridae). Brooklyn Ent. Soc. 34(1) -.21-3. Ent. See. Am. Ann. 19(4):367-77. 1939i^. Reuteria Puton: four new species 1921(1. Notes on the distribution and host from the United States (Hemiptera, plants of some North American Miridae). Iowa State Col. Jour. Miridae (Hemiptera). Can. Ent. Sci. 13(2):129-33. 1 pi. 59(2):3-i-44. Knight, H. H., and W. L. McAtee \911b. Descriptions of twelve new species 1929. Bugs of the family Miridae of the of Miridae from the District of District of Columbia and vicinity. Columbia and vicinitv (Hemiptera). U. S. Natl. Mus. Proc. 75:(13). 27 pp. Biol. Soc. Wash. Proc. 40(2):9-18. 1927f. Descriptions of fifteen new species of Leonard, Mortimer D. Ceratocapsus (Hemiptera, Miridae). 1928. A list of the insects of New York. Ohio Jour. Sci. 27(3):143-54. N. Y. (Cornell) Ag. Exp. Sta. Mem. 1927ri. New species and a new genus of 101. 1121 pp. Deraeocorinae from North America Linnaeus, Carl (Hemiptera, Miridae). Brooklyn 1758. Systema naturae, tenth edition. Ent. Soc. Bui. 22(3):136-43. Holmiae. 1. 2+824 pp. 1927.e. Descriptions of seven new species of 1761. Fauna Suecica, second edition. Stock- the genus Orthotylus Fieber (Hemip- holmiae. 46+578 2 pis. tera, Miridae). Can. Ent. 59(8): pp., 176-81. 1767. Systema naturae, twelfth edition. Holmiae. 1(2):533-1327. 1928rt. New species of Labopidea and Ma- croty hides (Hemiptera, Miridae). McAtee, Waldo Lee Cari. Ent. 60(10):233-6. 1916. Key to the Nearctic species of 1928^. List of Miridae and Isometopidae in Paracalocoris (Heteroptera, Miridae). Leonard 1928. Ent. Soc. Am. Ann. 9(4):366-90. \929a. New species of Halticotoma and 1919. Notes on two Miridae, Camptobrochis Sixeonotus (Hemiptera, Miridae). and Paracalocoris (Heteroptera). Ent. Brooklyn Ent. Soc. Bui. 23(5):241-9. News 30(9):246-7. (Dated 1928). Meyer-Diir, L. R. 1929i^. Descriptions of five new species of Plagiognathus from North America 1843. Verzeichniss der in der Schweiz (Hemiptera, Miridae). Ent. News einheimischen Rhynchoten (Hemip- 40(3):69-74. tera Linn.). Heft 1, familie Capsini. Solothurn. x + 115+iv pp., 7 pis. \929c. New species of Neoborus and Xeno- borus (Hemiptera, Miridae). Brook- Osborne, Herbert lyn Ent. Soc. Bui. 24(1) -.1-11. 1898. Additions to the list of Hemiptera of 1929rt'. The fourth paper on new species of Iowa. Iowa Acad. Sci. Pro. 5:232-47. Plagiognathus (Hemiptera, Miridae). Ent. News 40(8):263-8. Oshanin, B. 1930rt. An European plant-bug (Adelpho- 1906—10. Verzeichnis der palaearctischen coris lineolatus Goeze) found in Iowa Hemipteren mit besonderer Beriick- (Hemiptera, Miridae). Ent. News sichtigung ihrer Verteilung im russis- 41(1) :4-6. chen Reiche. Annuaire du Musee 1930^. New species of Psallus Fieber (He Zoologique de I'Academie Imperiale miptera, Miridae). Can. Ent. 62 des Sciences, St. Petersburg, xi-xv (6) -.125-31. (Supplements). Vol. 1. Heteroptera. 1930f. New species of Ceratocapsus (He- Lief. l-.lxxiv-393, 1906; Lief. 2:395- miptera, Miridae). Brooklyn Ent. 586, 1908; Lief. 3: 587-1087, 1910 Soc. Bui. 25(4):187-98. (1909). Vol. 2. Homoptera (1906- 1930^. A new key to Paracalocoris with 08). Vol. 3. Nachtrage und Verbess- descriptions of eight new species (He- erung zum 1 und 2 Bande. xvi+217 miptera, Miridae). Ent. Soc. Am. + 1 pp., 1910. Ann. 23(4) •.810-27. Parshley, Howard Madison 1931. Dacota hesperia Uhler referred to Atractotomus, also descriptions of 1922. Report on a collection of Hemiptera- three new species (Hemiptera, Mi- Heteroptera from South Dakota. ridae). Brooklyn Ent. Soc. Bui. S. D. State Ent. Tech. Bui. 2. 22 pp., 26(l):36-8. 2 figs. 1934. Neurocolpus Reuter: key with five new species (Hemiptera, Miridae). Poppius, B. R. Brooklyn Ent. Soc. Bui. 29(4) -.162-7. 1914rt. Ubersicht der Pilophorus-arten nebst 1938. Strongylocoris Blanchard: six new beschreibung verwandter Gattung species from North America (Hemip- (Hemiptera, Heteroptera). Annales tera, Miridae). Iowa State Col. Jour. de la Societe Entomologique de Sci. 13(1) -.1-7. 1 pi. Belgique 58:237-54. September, 1941 KxiGHT: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 221

~~1914i^. Einige neue Miriden-Gattungen und 1859. Same, reprinted. Le Conte edition. Arten aus Nord-Amerika und Cuba. 1:310-71. Annales de la Societe Entomologit]ue de Belgique 58:255-61. Shull, W. E.~~

Provancher, Abbe Leon 1933. An investigation of the Lygus species which are pests of beans (Hemiptera, 1872. Descriptions de plusieurs Hemipteres Miridae). Idaho Ag. Exp. Sta. Res. nouveaux. Nat. Can. 4(3) -.73-9, Bui. 11. 42 (4):103-8, (10) -.319-20, (ll):350-2, pp. (12):376-9. Stal, Carl 1886-90. Petite faune entomologique du 1858. Beitrag Canada. Vol. 3, Les Hemipteres. zur Hemipteren-Fauna Sibi- rens des russischen Quebec. 354 pp., 5 pis. und Nord- Amerika. Entomologische Zeitung Reuter, Odo Morannal herausgegeben von dem entomolo- Hemiptera gymnocerata Scandina- gischen Vereine zu Stettin 19(4-6): viae et Fenniae disposuit et descrip- 175-98. 1 pi. sit. Pars 1. Cimicidae (Capsina). 1862. Hemiptera Mexicana enumeravit .Acta Societatis pro Fauna et Flora speciesque novas descripsit. Ento- Fennicae 1. 206 pp. mologische Zeitung herausgegeben 1876. Capsinae ex America boreaii in von dem entomologischen Vereine zu Museo Holmiensi asservatae, de- Stettin 23(l-3):8f-118; (4-6):273- scriptae. Ofversigt af Kongliga 81; (7-9j:289-325; (10-12) :437-62. Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar 32(9):59-92. (1875.) XJhler, Philip Reese 1878. Hemiptera Gvmnocerata Europae. 1861. Descriptions of a few new species of Pt. 1. Helsingfors. 187 pp., 8 pis. Hemiptera, and observations upon 1904. Uebersicht der paliiarktischen Sten- some already described. Ent. Soc. odema-arten. Ofversigt af Finska Philadelphia Proc. 1:21-4. Vetenskaps-Societetens Forhandlin- 1872. Notices of the Hemiptera in the west- gar 46(15): 1-21. tern territories of the United States, 1907. Capsidae novae in insula Jamaica chiefly from the surveys of Dr. F". V. mense Aprilis 1906 a D. ¥. P. Van Hayden. In Hayden, U. S. Geol. Duzee collectae. Ofversigt af Finska Surv. Mont. Prelim. Rep., pp. 392- Vetenskaps-Societetens Forhandlin- 423. gar 49(5j:l-27. 1876. List of Hemiptera of the region west

1908. Neoborus ( Xenoborus, n. subg.) cotn- of the Mississippi River. U. S. Geol. missitralis n. sp. Can. Ent. 40(4): Geog. Surv. Terr. Bui. 1:269-361. 112. 1877. Report upon the insects collected by 1909. Bemerkungen iiber nearktische Cap- P. R. Uhler during the explorations siden nebst Beschreibung neuer Ar- of 1875, including monographs of the ten. Acta Societatis Scientarum families Cydnidae and Saldidae, and Fennicae 36(2). i-f86+iii pp. the Hemiptera collected by A. S. 1912rt. Hemipterologische miscellen. Ofver- Packard, Jr. U. S. Geol. Geog. Surv. sigt at Finska \'etenskaps-Societetens Terr. Md. Bui. 3:355-475, 765-801, Forhandlingar 54, A(7):l-76. pis. 27-8.

\9\lb. Zur Kenntnis der Termatophyliden. 1878. Notices of the Hemiptera Heterop- Ofversigt af Finska Vetenskaps- tera in the collection of the late Societetens Forhandlingar 56, A(l): T. W. Harris, M.D. Boston Soc. Nat. 1-17. Hist. Proc. 19:365-446. Sahlberg, John Reinhold 1887(7. Observations on some North Ameri- 1871. Hemiptera Heteroptera samlade un- can Capsidae. Ent. Am. 2(12):229-31.

der en resa i ryska Karelen sommaren 1887i^. Observations on some Capsidae with 1869. Notiser ur Farhandlingar descriptions of a few new species. Sallskapets pro Fauna et Flora No. 2. Ent. Am. 3(2):29-35. Fennicae 11:277-307. 1887f. Observations on North American Sahlberg, Reinhold Ferdinand Capsidae with descriptions of new 1842. Nova species generis Phylocoris (Fal- species. No. 3. Ent. Am. 3(4):67-72. len), ex ordine Hemipterorum de- scripta. Acta Societatis Scientiarum 1887^/. Observations on Capsidae with de- Fennicae 1: 411-2. scriptions of new species. No. 4. Ent. Am. 3(8):149-51. Say, Thomas 1890. Observations on North American 1832. Descriptions of new species of Heter- Capsidae, with descriptions of new opterous Hemiptera of North Amer- species. No. 5. Md. Acad. Sci. ica. New Harmony. 39 pp. Trans. 1:73-88. 1858. Same, reprinted. N. Y. State Ag- Soc. Trans. 17:755-812. 1891. Observations on some remarkable Ill Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin J'ol. 22. Art. 1

t'orms o( Capsidae. Knt. Soc. Wash. 1916^. Monograph of the North American Proc. 2:119-23. species of Orthotylus (Hemiptera). Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc, ser. 4, 6:87- the Hemiptera-Heteroptera of the 1894. On 128. 1 fig. island of Grenada, West Indies. 1916f. Notes on some Hemiptera taken near Zooio2;ical Society of London Pro- Lake Tahoe, California. Calif. Univ. ceedings 1894(11) -.167-224. Ag. Exp. Sta. Tech. Bui. 1:229-49. of new Hemiptera /« 1895. Descriptions 1917. Catalogue of the Hemiptera ot Baker. preliminary Gillette and A America north of Mexico excepting Hemiptera of Colorado. list of the the Aphididae, Coccidae and Aleu- Ag. Exp. Sta. Bui. 31, Tech. Colo. rodidae. Calif. Univ. Pubs. Ent. Sen No. 1. 137 pp. 2. xiv+902 pp. 1899. A new destructive Capsid. Ent. 1918. New species of Hemiptera, chiefly News 10(3) :59. from California. Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc, ser. 4, 8:271-308. 1904. List of Hemiptera-Heteroptera of" Las Vegas Hot Springs, New Mexico. 1920. New Hemipterous insects of the U. S. Natl. Mus. Proc. 27(1360): genera Aradus, Phytocoris and Camp- ;.! 349-64. tobrochys. Calif. Acad. Sci. Proc, ser. 4, '9:33 1-56. Payson Van Duzee, Edward 1921. Characters of some new species ot 1910. Descriptions of some new or un- North American Hemipterous in- familiar North American Hemiptera. sects, with one new genus. Calif. Am. Ent. Soc. Trans. 36(1-2) :73-9. Acad. Sci. Proc, ser. 4, 11:111-34. 1912. Hemipterological Gleanings. Buffalo Walker, Francis Soc. Nat. ScK Bui. 10(2):477-512. 1873. Catalogue of the specimens of 1914. A preliminary list of the Hemiptera Hemiptera Heteroptera in the collec- of San Diego County, California. tion of the British Museum. London. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist. Trans. Part 6. 210 pp. 2(l):l-57~. Wirtner, P. Modeste 1915. New genera and species ot North 1917. A new genus of Bothynotinae, Mi- American Hemiptera. Pomona Jour. ridae (Heteroptera). Ent. News Ent. Zool. 109-21. 7(2): 28(l):33-4. 1916rt. Check list of the Hemiptera (excepting the Aphididae, Aleurodidae and Wolff, Johann Friedrich Coccidae) of America, north of 1804. Icones Cimicum descriptionibus il- Mexico. New York (N. Y. Ent. Soc). lustratae. Pt. 4, pp. 127-66, pis. xi-flll pp. 13-16. INDEX

Adelphocoris, 137, 174 antennalis, Phytocoris, 184, 185 lineolatus, 4, 15, 174, 175 aphidiphagus, Deraeocoris, 4, 68, 70, 71 rapidus, 15, 174 apicalis, Barberiella, 21, 209 superbus, 174 apicaHs, Lygus, 148, 149, 154 affinis, Horcias dislocatus, 173 apicatus, Plagiognathus repletus, 29, 38 Agalliastes associatus, 25 Apocremnus ancorifer, 46 signatus, 45 aptera, Cicada, 77 suavis, 26 apterus, Halticus, 77 agilis, Dicyphus, 19, 53 ardens, Paracalocoris scrupeus, 177 agilis, Idolocoris, 53 areolatus, Sixeonotus, 59, 60 ainsliei, Labopidea, 105 arundinicola, Phytocoris, 191, 192, 195, 198 albatus, Plagiognathus, 36, 37 associatus, Agalliastes, 25 albatus, 28 associatus, Chlamydatus, 21, 25, 26 similis, 37 astericola, Psallus, 43, 45 vittiscutis, 29, 37, 38 ater, Capsus, 138 albatus, Psallus, 36 semiflavus, 138 albifacies, Phytocoris, 185, 186 tyrannus, 138 albifacies, Plagiognathus, 23, 27, 35 ater, Cimex, 138 albigulus, Deraeocoris, 68, 72, 73 Atomoscelis seriatus, 45 albigulus, Paracalocoris pallidulus, 176, 178 Atractotomus, 15, 17, 22, 51 albocuneatus, Plagiognathus obscurus, 28, 33 crataegi, 51 albotasciata, Leucopoecila, 50 magnicornis, 24 albonotatus, Plagiognathus, 31, 32 atricolor, Lepidopsallus rubidus, 47 albonotatus, 28 atricornis, Plagiognathus, 28, 35 compar, 29, 31 atrinotatus, Lygus, 162 tinctus, 31 atrinotatus, Neolygus, 156, 158, 162 alboradialis, Plagiognathus, 28, 31 atriscutis, Neoborus amoenus, 140 Alepidia, 118, ifQ atritibialis, Lygus, 148, 149, 152 gracilis, 119 atri tibialis, Strongylocoris, 78, 80 squamosa, 119 atritylus, Lygus, 157 Alepidiella, 118, 119 atritylus, Neolygus, 155, 157, 158 heidemanni, 119 aurantiacus, Miris dolabratus, 127 allii, Labopidea, 4, 14, 105 alni, Lygus, 157 bakeri, Chlamydatus. 45 alni, Neolygus, 154, 157, 158 bakeri, Psallus, 43, 45 alnicenatus, Psallus, 43, 44 Barberiella, 19, 209 alnicola, Deraeocoris, 68, 70 apicalis, 21, 209 alnicola, Psallus, 43, 44 formicoides, 209 althaeae, Melanotrichus, 14, 15, 95, 96 basalis, Poeciloscytus, 167 althaeae, Orthotylus, 96 basalis, Polymerus, 167 Amblytylus, 24, 51 basalis, 166 nasutus, 51 fuscatus, 166, 167 sexguttatus, 51 basicornis, Orthotylus, 97, 99, 102, 105 ambrosiae, Strongylocoris, 78, 80, 81 belfragii, Lvgus, 162 amoena, Coquillettia, 17, 52 belfragii, Neolygus, 155, 158, 161, 162 amoenus, Macrotylus, 23, 51 betulae, Deraeocoris, 68, 69, 70 amoenus, Neoborus, 4, 13, 140, 141 bidens, Paracalocoris scrupeus, 177 amoenus, 139 bifurcata, Reuteria, 93, 94 atriscutis, 140 binotatus, Lygaeus, 175 palmeri, 141 binotatus, Neolygus canadensis, 156, 164 scutellaris, 139, 140 binotatus, Stenotus, 175 signatus, 140 blatchleyi, Plagiognathus, 24, 35 amoenus, Orectoderus, 52 blatchieyi, 27 amoenus, Pilophorus, 120, 122 nubilus, 27, 36 amoenus, Tropidosteptes, 140 bohemanni, Microsynamma, 21, 24, 42 amorphae, Lopidea, 85, 86, 87, 90 bohemanni, Phytocoris, 42 amorphae, Psallus, 43, 44 borealis, Camptobrochys, 71 ancoritcr, Apocremnus, 46 borealis, Deraeocoris, 68, 69, 70, 71 ancorifer, Psallus, 21, 44, 46 borealis, Platytylellus, 132, 136 angusticollis, Platytylellus insitivus, 132, 134 Bothynotus, 64 angustif'rons, Phytocoris, 200, 201 modestus, 23, 64 angustulus, Phytocoris, 191, 193, 195, 197 bracteatus, Cylapus, 77 annulatus, Plagiognathus, 33, 34 bracteatus, Halticus, 4, 13, 14, 15, 21, 77 annulatus, 27 breviatus, Strongylocoris, 78, 79, 80 cuneatus, 34 brevicornis, Macrolophus, 55 nigrofemoratus, 27, 34 brevifurcatus, Phytocoris, 191, 192, 194, 195

~~[223] 224 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin J'ol. 22. Art. 1~~

brevipes, Trigonotylus, 129 caryae, Lygus, 161 brevirostris, Plagiognathus, 27, 28, 33 caryae, Neolygus, 15, 158, 161 brevirostris, Polymerus, 167, 170 caryae, 156 brevis, Hyaliodes, 56, 58 subfuscus, 156, 162, 163 breviusculus, Phytocoris, 184, 190 caryae, Phytocoris, 202, 204, 207 brunneata, Eurychilopterella, 73, 74 caryae, Plagiognathus, 29, 38 brunneus, Fulvius, 21, 23, 61 castus, Deraeocoris fasciolus, 70 brunneus, Lygus, 61 castus, Paracalocoris, 176, 178 brunneus, Pilophorus, 120, 123 castus, Paracalocoris colon, 178 Brvocorinae, 17, 22, 58 catulus, Melanotrichus, 96, 97 buenoi, Phytocoris, 191, 192, 195, 197, 198 catulus, Orthotylus, 97 celtidis, Paracalocoris, 176, 179 caesar, Lopidea, 91 Ceratocapsini, 75, 107 Callicapsus histrio, 69 Ceratocapsus, 15, 17, 107, 108 Callimiris tarsalis, 129 camelus, 108, 110, 114 Calocoris, 137 complicatus, 108, 110, 114 norvegicus, 137 decurvatus, 109, 110, 116 camelus, Ceratocapsus, 108, 110, 114 digitulus, 109, 110, 115 campestris, Cimex, 154 fasciatus, 108, 109, 110 campestris, Lygus, 4, 148, 149, 154 fuscinus, 109, 110, 115 Camptobrochis, 4, 66 hussevi, 108, 110, 113 grandis, 71 incisus, 109, 110, 113 nebulosus, 67 lutescens, 108, 109, 111 nitens, 72 luteus, 108, 110, 111 poecilus, 67 modestus, 21, 108, 110, 111 Camptobrochys borealis, 71 nigellus, 108, 110, HI Campylomma, 24, 25 nigrocephalus, 108, 111 verbasci, 25 pilosulus, 108, 109, 110 canadensis, Lygus, 164 pilosus, 109 canadensis, Neoborus, 140, 141, 143 pumilus, 109, 110, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116 canadensis, Neolygus, 158, 163, 164 quadrispiculus, 109, 110, 114 binotatus, 156, 164 rubricornis, 108, 109, 110 canadensis, 155, 156 sericus, 108, 110, 113 canadensis, Phytocoris, 189, 191, 192, 193, setosus, 108, 110, 115 194, 195, 196 taxodii, 7, 10, 108, 110, HI canadensis, Tropidosteptes, 141 uniformis, 109, 110, 113, 114 candidatus, Orthotylus, 98, 99, 102 vicinus, 108, 110, 112 capitata, Diaphnidia, 91, 92 Chlamydatus, 24, 25 Capsinae, 17, 18, 19, 20, 131 associatus, 21, 25, 26 Capsini, 131, 136 bakeri, 45 Capsus, 15, 17, 136, 138 pulicarius, 25, 26 ater, 138 suavis, 25, 26 semiflavus, 138 chlorionis, Capsus, 98 tyrannus, 138 chlorionis, Orthotylus, 97, 98, 99, 100 chlorionis, 98 chrysanthemi, Miris, 31 circumcinctus, 135 chrysanthemi, Plagiognathus, 28, 31, 35 colon, 180 chrysopsis, Polymerus, 167, 171 confluentus, 87 Cicada aptera, 77 dislocatus, 173 Cimex ater, 138 filicornis, 66 campestris, 154 tusiformis, 181 clavatus, 124 geminus, 140 dolabratus, 127 imbecilis, 61 filicis, 58 insignis, 135 lineolatus, 175 insitivus, 133 pabulinus, 153 invitus, 157 ruficornis, 130 irroratus, 93 circumcinctus, Capsus, 135 medius, 89 circumcinctus, Platytylellus, 132, 135 nubilus, 182 citri, Rhinacloa, 77 oblineatus, 148 clandestina, Opistheuria, 131 rapidus, 174 dorsalis, 131 robiniae, 89 ventralis, 131 scrupeus, 177 claricornis, Lepidopsallus, 46, 47 simulans, 138 clavatus, Cimex, 124 stygicus, 79 clavatus, Pilophorus, 120, 124 submarginatus, 103 clavigenitalis, Lygus, 163 verbasci, 25 clavigenitalis, Neolygus, 155, 156, 158, 161, 163 vitripennis, 56 Clivinema, 64 cardinalis, Tropidosteptes, 4, 139 villosa, 64 caricis, Cyrtorhinus, 95 Clivineminae, 17, 63 Carohnae, Lygus, 154 Clivinemini, 20, 63, 64 carpini, Neolygus, 155, 158, 164 coccineus, Horcias dislocatus, 173 September. 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 225

Coccobaphes, 137, 138 Deraeocoris, 4, 17, 65, 66 sanguinareus, 138 albigulus, 68, 72, 73 Collaria, 20, 125, 126 alnicola, 68, 70 meilleurii, 126 aphidiphagus, 4, 68, 70, 71 oculata, 126, 127 betulae, 68, 69, 70 colon, Capsus, 180 borealis, 68, 69, 70, 71 colon, Paracalocoris, 3, 177, 180 cuneatus, 67 castus, 178 davisi, 68, 70, 72 commissuralis, Xenoborus, 143, 144 fasciolus, 68, 70 communis, Lygus, 159 castus, 70 communis, Neolygus, 3, 4, 13, 156, 157, 158, fasciolus, 69 159 grandis, 68, 69, 71 novascotiensis, 14, 160 histrio, 4, 66, 68, 69 compar, Paracalocoris scrupeus, 177 laricicoia, 5, 68, 72, 73 compar, Plagiognathus albonotatus, 29, 31 nebulosus, 4, 21, 67, 68 complicatus, Ceratocapsus, 108, 110, 114 nigritulus, 68, 72, 73 confluens, Phytocoris, 201, 204, 205 nitenatus, 4, 68, 70, 71, 72 confluens, Phvtocoris puella, 205 nubilus, 4, 7, 23,67, 68,69 confluenta, Lopidea, 82, 85, 86, 87, 90, 91 ornatus, 67, 68 confluentus, Capsus, 87 pinicola, 4, 6, 21, 68, 72, 73 confraternus, Platytylellus, 134 poecilus, 4, 67, 68 conspersipes, Phytocoris, 200, 201 quercicola, 68, 71, 72 conspurcatus, Phytocoris, 184, 185, 188, 189 pallens, 70, 71 convexicollis, Pvcnoderes, 60 quercicola, 70 Coquillettia, 15', 17, 22, 52 ruber, 21 amoena, 17, 52 sayi, 68, 73 mimetica, 21 costalis, 73 cornicola, Plagiognathus, 27, 29, 38 frontalis, 73 corticevivens, Phytocoris, 185, 186, 189 marginata, 73 cortitectus, Phytocoris, 191, 193, 195, 196 sayi, 73 costalis, Deraeocoris sayi, 73 unicolor, 73 crataegi, Atractotomus, 51 simulans, 138 crataegi, Plagiognathus dispar, 28, 40 Diaphnidia, 82, 91 Criocoris, 22, 49 capitata, 91, 92 saliens, 21, 49 pellucida, 19, 91, 92 cunealis, Paracalocoris scrupeus, 177 provancheri, 91, 92 cuneata, Lopidea, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89 Dichrooscytus, 137, 165 cuneatus, Deraeocoris, 67 elegans, 165 cuneatus, Neocapsus, 147 rufipennis, 165, 166 cuneatus, Plagiognathus, 26, 27, 34 suspectus, 165, 166 cuneatus, Plagiognathus annulatus, 34 tinctipennis, 165 curtulus, Mesomiris, 131 viridicans, 165 Cylapinae, 4, 17, 61 Dicyphinae, 17, 20, 22, 52 Cylapini, 19, 61 Dicyphus, 53 Cylapus, 61 agihs, 19, 53 bracteatus, 77 discrepans, 4, 21, 53, 54 tenuicornis, 4, 19, 21, 61 famelicus, 21, 53, 54 Cyrtopeltis, 52, 53 gracilentus, 10, 53, 54 tenuis, 53 minimus, 53, 54 varians, 53 notatus, 53 Cvrtopeltocoris, 19, 116, 117 separatus, 55 illini, 117 vestitus, 4, 23, 53, 54 Cyrtorhinus, 82, 95 digitulus, Ceratocapsus, 109, 110, 115 caricis 95 dilatatus, Pycnoderes, 21, 60, 61 discifer, Platytylellus fraternus, 132, 135 davisi, Deraeocoris, 68, 70, 72 discoidalis, Hyaliodes vitripennis, 56 davisi, Largidea, 19, 63 discolor, Teratocoris, 12, 128 davisi, Lopidea, 4, 14, 85, 86, 87, 88 discrepans, Dicyphus, 4, 21, 53, 54 davisi, Pamillia, 108 dislocatus, Capsus, 173 davisi, Phytocoris, 185, 187 dislocatus, Horcias, 172, 173 davisi, Plagiognathus, 28, 38 affinis, 173 davisi, Teleorhinus, 19 coccineus, 173 debilis, Plagiognathus tinctus, 28, 32 flavidus, 172, 173 decolor, Lopus, 21, 51 goniphorus, 173 decurvatus, Ceratocapsus, 109, 110, 116 gradus, 173 delicatus, Orthotylus, 96 limbatellus, 173 delicatus, Plagiognathus, 29, 36, 37 marginalis, 173 delicatus, Psallus, 37, 96 nigriclavus, 173 delta, Paracalocoris scrupeus, 177 nigritus, 173 depallens, Plagiognathus salicicola, 29, 36 pallipes, 173 depictus, Phytocoris, 202, 204, 208 residuus, 173 Deraeocorinae, 17, 20, 64 rubellus, 173 22b Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1

scutatus, 173 frisoni, Lygus, 148, 151 dispar, Plagiognathus, 39 frontalis, Deraeocoris sayi, 73 crataegi, 28, 40 fulvidus, Plagiognathus, 27, 37 dispar, 28 Fulviini, 20, 61 dispar, Plagiognathus punctatipes, 39 fulvipes, Polymerus, 167, 170 diversus, Phytocoris, 7, 200 Fulvius, 4, 61 divisa, Ilnacora, 83 brunneus, 21, 23, 61 dolabratus, Cimex, 127 imbecilis, 61 dolabratus, Miris, 12, 15, li, 127 tulvotinctus, Plagiognathus negundinis, 33 aurantiacus, 127 fulvus, Phytocoris, 199, 200, 201 dorsalis, Lygus, 100 fumatus, Phytocoris, 185, 188, 189, 190 dorsalis, Opistheuria clandestina, 131 tumidus, Noctuocoris, 105 dorsalis, Orthotylus, 98, 99, 100, 105 fuscatus, Polymerus basalis, 166, 167 drakei, Psallus, 44, 46 fuscatus, Psallus, 43, 44 drakei, Pycnoderes, 60, 61 fuscatus, Psallus parshleyi, 44 fuscicornis, Microphylellus maculipennis, 40, 41 elegans, Dichrooscvtus, 165 fuscicornis, Orthotylus, 102 elis^us, Lygus, 15, 148, 149, 152 fuscicornis, Reuteria, 93, 94 hesperus, 151 fuscinus, Ceratocapsus, 109, 110, 115 elisus, Lygus pratensis, 152 tusiformis, Capsus, 181 elongatus, Microphylellus, 41, 42 tusiformis, Garganus, 181 Episcopus ornatus, 48 erectus, Phytocoris, 9, 191, 192, 195, 199 Garganus, 137, 181 Euarmosus, 66, 73 tusiformis, 181 sayi, 73 geminus, Capsus, 140 Eucerocoris guttulatus, 209 geminus, Neoborus, 139, 140 Eurychilopterella, 65, 73 geminus, Neolygus, 155, 158, 163 brunneata, 73, 74 geminus, Pilophorus, 120, 122 luridula, 21, 73, 74 geneseensis, Lygus, 159 Eustictus, 64, 65 geneseensis, Neolygus, 156, 158, 159 filicornis, 65, 66 gerhardi, Polymerus, 167, 171 necopinus, 65, 66 gilvipes, Mecomma, 82, 95 salicicola, 65 glaber, Neoborus, 139, 140 venatorius, 21, 65, 66 gleditsiae, Paracalocoris, 176, 179, J80 evonymi, Paracalocoris, 176, 178 gleditsiae, Plagiognathus, 11, 26, 27, 37 exemplus, Phytocoris, 199, 200, 201 goniphorus, Horcias dislocatus, 173 eximius, Phytocoris, 189, 193, 194 gracilentus, Dicyphus, 10, 53, 54 gracilis, Alepidia, 119 fagi, Lvgus, 161 squamosa, 119 fagi, Neolygus, 155, 158, 161, 163 gracilis, Mimoceps insignis, 126 fallax, Horcias, 172, 173 gracilis, Pilophorus, 119 famelicus, Dicyphus, 21, 53, 54 gradus, Horcias dislocatus, 173 famelicus, Idolocoris, 54 grandis, Camptobrochis, 71 tasciatum, Megacoelum, 109 grandis, Deraeocoris, 68, 69, 71 fasciatus, Ceratocapsus, 108, 109, 110 grossa, Largidea, 23, 63 tasciolus, Deraeocoris, 68, 70 grossum, Megacoelum, 66 castus, 70 guttulatus, Eucerocoris, 209 fasciolus, 69 guttulatus, Paraxenetus, 209 ferrugatus, Miris, 127 guttulosus, Plagiognathus, 28, 40 Fiebrigiella silvestri, 209 guttulosus, Psallus, 40 filicis, Cimex, 58 filicis, Monalocoris, 19, 23, 58 Hadronema, 81, 84 filicornis, Capsus, 66 militare, 82, 84 filicornis, Eustictus, 65, 66 Halticini, 75 flaveolus, Plagiognathus politus, 26, 29 Halticus, 17, 75, 77 flavicornis, Plagiognathus, 28, 30, 31 apterus, 77 flavidus, Horcias dislocatus, 172, 173 bracteatus, 4, 13, 14, 15, 21, 77 flavocostatus, Polymerus, 167, 168 intermedius, 21, 77 flavoscutellatus, Plagiognathus, 26, 32 harti, Hyaliodes, 56, 57 flavosparsus, Melanotrichus, 96 hawleyi, Paracalocoris, 4, 15, 176, 178 flavosparsus, Orthotylus, 21 pallidulus, 178 flavosparsus, Phytocoris, 96 heidemanni, Alepidiella, 119 formicoides, Barberiella, 209 heidemanni, Hesperophylum, 19, 74 forticornis, Rhinacloa, 24, 50 heidemanni, Lopidea, 85, 86, 87, 88, 90 fraterculus, Platytylellus, 133, 136 heidemanni, Sericophanes, 15, 116 fraterculus, Platytylellus insignis, 136 Hesperophylum, 20, 64, 74 fraternus, Plagiognathus obscurus, 26, 33, 44 heidemanni, 19, 74 fraternus, Platytylellus, 131, 134 hesperus, Lygus, 15, 148, 149, 151, 152 discifer, 132, 135 hesperus, Lygus elisus, 151 fraternus, 132 Heterocordylus, 82, 107 regalis, 132, 135 malinus, 2, 3, 4, 5, 21, 107 rubromarginatus, 132, 135 hirticulus, Lygus, 163 September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or MiRir)AE, of Illinois 227 hirticulus, Neolygus, 155, 156, 158, 163, 164 johnsoni, Lygus, 162 hirtum, Semium, 19, 75 johnsoni, Neolygus, 4, 156, 158, 162 hirtus, Labops, 19, 21, 81 juniperi, Parthenicus, 76 hirtus, Strongylocoris, 78, 80, 81 juniperi, Pilophorus, 120, 121, 123 histrio, Callicapsus, 69 juniperi, Psallus, 76 histrio, Deraeocoris, 4, 66, 68, 69 iunipericola, Phytocoris, 199, 200, 201 Horcias, 137, 172 dislocatus, 172, 173 knighti, Orthotylus, 98, 99, 102, 105 affinis, 173 coccineus, 173 Labopidea, 82, 105 fiavidus, 172, 173 ainsliei, 105 goniphorus, 173 allii, 4, 14, 105 gradus, 173 planitrons, 105 limbatellus, 173 Labopini, 19, 74, 81 marginalis, 173 Labops, 81 nigriclavus, 173 hirtus, 19, 21, 81 nigritus, 173 lacunosus, Phytocoris, 191, 193, 195, 197 pallipes, 173 laetus, Pilophorus, 120, 121, 123 residuus, 173 Largidea, 63 rubellus, 173 davisi, 19, 63 scutatus, 173 grossa, 23, 63 fallax, 172, 173 Largideini, 20, 63 illini, vi, 172 laricicola, Deraeocoris, 5, 68, 72, 73 husseyi, Ceratocapsus, 108, 110, 113 laricicola, Plagiognathus, 5, 27, 39 husseyi, Peritropis, 62 lasiomerus, Phytocoris, 21, 184, 185 hussevi, Phvtocoris, 191, 192, 195, 199 lateralis, Orthotylus, 98, 99, 104 Hyaliodes, 20, 52, 56 lateralis, Polymerus unifasciatus, 166, 168 brevis, 56, 58 lathyrae, Lopidea, 91 hart:, 56, 57 lathyri, Lopidea, 85, 86, 87, 91 vitripennis, 21, 56, 57, 58 Lepidopsallus, 22, 46 discoidalis, 56 claricornis, 46, 47 vitripennis, 56 miniatus, 47, 48 minusculus, 47 Idolocoris agilis, 53 nyssae, 1 1, 47, 48 famelicus, 54 rostratus, 46, 47 illini, Cyrtopeltocoris, 117 rubidus, 47 illini, Horcias, vi, 172 atricolor, 47 illini, Ilnacora, 83 rubidus, 47 illini, Polymerus, 166, 168 Leucopoecila, 24, 50 Ilnacora, 82 albotasciata, 50 divisa, 83 limbatellus, Horcias dislocatus, 173 illini, 83 limbus, Paracalocoris, 176, 178 malina, 21, 83 lineatus, Lygaeus, 172 stalii, 12, 82, 83,84 lineatus, Poecilocapsus, 13, 172 imbecilis, Capsus, 61 lineolatus, Adelphocoris, 4, 15, 174, 175 imbecilis, Fulvius, 61 lineolatus, Cimex, 175 immaculatus, Orthot>lus modestus, 97, 104 Lomatopleura instabilis, 91 incisus, Ceratocapsus, 109, 110, 113 longirostris, Microphvlellus, 41, 42 inconspicuus, Lygus, 161 Lopidea, 17, 81, 84 inconspicuus, Neolygus, 155, 158, 161 amorphae, 85, 86, 87, 90 incurva, Lopidea, 85^, 86, 87, 88 caesar, 91 incurvus, Pycnoderes, 60 confluenta, 82, 85, 86, 87, 90, 91 intuscatus, Phytocoris, 202, 204 cuneata, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89 insignis, Capsus, 135 davisi, 4, 14, 85, 86, 87, 88 insignis, Mimoceps, 12, 125 incurva, 85, 86, 87, 88 gracilis, 126 instabilis, 84, 85, 86, 91 insignis, Platytylellus, 133, 135 heidemanni, 85, 86, 87, 88, 90 traterculus, 136 lathvrae, 91 insignis, Sixeonotus, 21, 59 lathvri, 85, 86, 87, 91 insitivus, Capsus, 133 media, 84, 85, 86, 88, 89 insitivus, Platytylellus, 21, 133 minor, 85, 86, 87, 88 angusticollis, 132, 134 reuteri, 85, 86, 90, 91 insitivus, 132 robiniae, 84, 85, 86, 89, 90 instabilis, Lomatopleura, 91 salicis, 85, 86, 88, 89 instabilis, Lopidea, 84, 85, 86, 91 staphyleae, 4, 84, 85, 86, 90 intermedius, Halticus, 21, 77 sanguinea, 90 invitus, Capsus, 157 Lopus, 24, 51 invitus, Neolygus, 155, 157, 158, 159, 161 decolor, 21, 51 irrorata, Reuteria, 93, 94, 95 lucidus, Paracalocoris scrupeus, 177 irroratus, Capsus, 93 lurida, Lygidea rubecula, 147 luridula, Eurychilopterella, 21, 73, 74 jessiae, Neurocolpus, 182, 183 luridus, Plat\lygus, 147 228 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1

luteolus, Phytocoris, 201, 204, 209 maculipennis, 40 lutescens, Ceratocapsus, 108, 109, 111 maerkelii, Pithanus, 19, 125 luteus, Ceratocapsus, 108, 110, 111 magnicornis, Atractotomus, 24 Lygaeus binotatus, 175 Malacocoris provancheri, 92 lineatus, 172 malina, llnacora, 21, 83 pulicarius, 26 maHna, Sthenarops, 83 rufipennis, 166 malinus, Heterocordylus, 2, 3, 4, 5, 21, 107 unifasciatus, 167 marginaHs, Horcias dislocatus, 173 Lvgidea, 137, 145 marginata, Deraeocoris sayi, 73 mendax, 3, 4, 5, 13, 145, 146 Mecomma, 82, 95 obscura, 145 gilvipes, 82, 95 rosacea, 145 media, Lopidea, 84, 85, 86, 88, 89 rubecula, 145 medius, Capsus, 89 lurida, 147 medius, Pycnoderes, 60 obscura, 145 Megacoelum fasciatum, 109 rosacea, 145 grossum, 66 salicis, 145, 146 Megaloceroea, 125 viburni, 145 recticornis, 125 Lvgus, 17, 137, 148 meilleurii, Collaria, 126 alni, 157 MelanotricHus, 82, 95 apicalis, 148, 149, 154 althaeae, 14, 15, 95, 96 atrinotatus, 162 catulus, 96, 97 atritibialis, 148, 149, 152 flavosparsus, 96 atritylus, 157 Melinna modesta, 111 belfragii, 162 pumila, 112 brunneus, 61 mendax, Lygidea, 3, 4, 5, 13, 145, 146 campestris, 4, 148, 149, 154 Mesomiris, 125, 131 canadensis, 164 curtulus, 131 Carolinae, 154 Microphylellus, 25, 40 caryae, 161 elongatus, 41, 42 clavigenitalis, 163 longirostris, 41, 42 communis, 159 maculipennis, 41 dorsalis, 100 fuscicornis, 40, 41 elisus, 15, 148, 149, 152 maculipennis, 40 Hesperus, 151 modestus, 21, 24, 41, 42 fagi, 161 nigricornis, 40, 41 frisoni, 148, 151 tsugae, 41, 42 geneseensis, 159 tumidifrons, 41, 42 Hesperus, 15, 148, 149, 151, 152 Microsynamma, 24, 42 Hirticulus, 163 boHemanni, 21, 24, 42 inconspicuus, 161 militare, Hadronema, 82, 84 joHnsoni, 162 mimetica, Coquillettia, 21 neglectus, 162 Mimoceps, 125 nvssae, 164 insignis, 12, 125 obHneatus, 2, 4, 10, 12, 14, 131, 148, 149, gracilis, 126 151, 153 miniatus, Lepidopsallus, 47, 48 strigulatus, 149 minimus, DicypHus, 53, 54 omnivagus, 163 minor, Lopidea, 85, 86, 87, 88 ostrvae, 164 minusculus, Lepidopsallus, 47 pabuHnus, 4, 148, 149, 153 minutulus, PHvtocoris, 185, 187, 188 plagiatus, 4, 148, 149, 153 Mirinae, 12, 17, 18, 20, 23, 124 pratensis, 148, 149 Miris, 125, 127 eHsus, 152 cHrysantHemi, 31 quercalbae, 160 dolabratus, 12, 15, 23, 127 rubicundus, 4, 148, 149, 153 aurantiacus, 127 semivittatus, 163 ferrugatus, 127 tenellus, 163 vicinus, 130 tiHae, 161 modesta, Melinna, 111 univittatus, 160 modestus, BotHynotus, 23, 64 vanduzeei, 4, 16, 21, 148, 149, 150, 151 modestus, Ceratocapsus, 21, 108, 110, 111 viburni, 159 modestus, MicropHylellus, 21, 24, 41, 42 vitticollis, 162 modestus, Neobothynotus, 64 modestus, OrtHotylus, 99, 104 MacrolopHus, 53, 55 immaculatus, 97, 104 brevicornis, 55 modestus, 98 separatus, 21, 53, 55, 56 mohri, Strongylocoris, 78, 81 tenuicornis, 23, 55, 56 Monalocoris, 22, 58 Macrotylus, 22, 51 filicis, 19, 23, 58 amoenus, 23, 51 morrisoni, Psallus, 43, 45 sexguttatus, 21, 51 multisignatus, Paracalocoris, 176, 180 maculipennis, Microphylellus, 41 mundus, PHytocoris, 199, 200, 201 fuscicornis, 40, 41 mutabilis, Orthocephalus, 81 September, 1941 KxiGHT: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 229

Myrmecorini, 131, 209 nigrellus, Parthenicus, 76, 77 nigriclavus, Horcias dislocatus, 173 nasutus, Amblytylus, 51 nigricollis, Platytylellus, 132, 133 nebulosus, Camptobrochis, 67 nigricollis, Phytocoris, 191, 192, 195, 197 nebulosus, Deraeocoris, 4, 21, 67, 68 nigricollis, Resthenia, 133 necopinus, Eustictus, 65, 66 nigricornis, Microphylellus, 40, 41 necopinus, Orthotylus, 98, 99, 103 nigritulus, Deraeocoris, 68, 72, 73 neglectus, Lygus, 162 nigritus, Horcias dislocatus, 173 neglectus, Neolygus, 154, 158, 162 nigritus, Plagiognathus, 27, 34 neglectus, Orthotylus, 98, 99, 105 nigritus, Polymerus, 168 neglectus, Phytocoris, 191, 192, 194, 195, 196 nigrocephalus, Ceratocapsus, 108, 111 neglectus, Xenoborus, 144 nigrofemoratus, Plagiognathus annulatus, 27, negundinis, Plagiognathus, 27, 33 34 fulvotinctus, 33 nigrolineatus, Plagiognathus, 26, 34 Xeoborus, 17, 136, 139 nigronitens, Plagiognathus, 27, 30 amoenus, 4, 13, 140, 141 nigropallidus, Polymerus, 166, 167 amoenus, 139 nigroscutellatus, Platytylellus, 132, 134 atriscutis, 140 nitenatus, Deraeocoris, 4, 68, 70, 71, 72 palmeri, 141 nitens, Camptobrochis, 72 scutellaris, 139, 140 noctuans, Sericophanes, 116 signatus, 140 Noctuocoris, 82, 105 canadensis, 140, 141, 143 fumidus, 105 geminus, 139, 140 norvegicus, Calocoris, 137 glaber, 139, 140 notabilis, Orthotylus, 97, 98, 100 palmeri, 139, 141 notatus, Dicyphus, 53 populi, 140, 142 novascotiensis, Neolygus communis, 14, 160 pubescens, 140, 141, 142 nubilipes, Polymerus, 166, 170 rufusculus, 140, 143 nubilus, Capsus, 182 tricolor, 140, 143 nubilus, Deraeocoris, 4, 7, 23, 67, 68, 69 vittiscutis, 140, 142 nubilus, Neurocolpus, 181, 182 Neobothynotus modestus, 64 nubilus, Paracalocoris scrupeus, 177 Neocapsus, 137, 147 nubilus, Plagiognathus blatchleyi, 27, 36 cuneatus, 147 nyctalis, Orthotylus, 98, 99, 104 Neolvgus, 17, 137, 154 nyssae, Lepidopsallus, 11, 47, 48 alni, 154, 157, 158 nyssae, Lygus, 164 atrinotatus, 156, 158, 162 nyssae, Neolygus, 155, 158, 164 atritvlus, 155, 157, 158 belfragii, 155, 158, 161, 162 oblineatus, Capsus, 148 canadensis, 158, 163, 164 oblineatus, Lygus, 2, 4, 10, 12, 14, 131, 148 binotatus, 156, 164 149, 151, 153 canadensis, 155, 156 strigulatus, 149 carpini, 155, 158, 164 obliquus, Orectoderus, 21, 23, 24, 52 caryae, 15, 158, 161 obscura, Lygidea, 145 caryae, 156 obscura, Lygidea rubecula, 145 subfuscus, 156, 162, 163 obscurus, Plagiognathus, 32 clavigenitalis, 155, 156, 158, 161, 163 albocuneatus, 28, 33 communis, 3, 4, 13, 156, 157, 158, 159 fraternus, 26, 33, 44 novascotiensis, 14, 160 obscurus, 26 fagi, 155, 158, 161, 163 obtectus, Phytocoris, 191, 193, 195, 199 geminus, 155, 158, 163 ocellatus, Sericophanes, 116 geneseensis, 156, 158, 159 oculata, Collaria, 126, 127 hirticulus, 155, 156, 158, 163, 164 oculatus, Trachelomiris, 127 inconspicuus, 155, 158, 161 olseni, Phytocoris, 202, 204, 205 invitus, 155, 157, 158, 159, 161 omnivagus, Lygus, 163 iohnsoni, 4, 156, 158, 162 omnivagus, Neolygus, 156, 158, 159, 160, 162, neglectus, 154, 158, 162 163^, 164 nvssae, 155, 158, 164 onustus, Phytocoris, 191, 192, 194, 195 omnivagus, 156, 158, 159, 160, 162, 163, 164 opacus, Polymerus, 167, 170 ostrvae, 156, 158, 164 Opistheuria, 131 quercalbae, 156, 158, 160, 163, 164 clandestina, 131 semivittatus, 156, 158, 160, 163 dorsalis, 131 tiliae, 155, 156, 158, 161 ventralis, 131 tinctus, 155, 157, 158 Orectoderus, 22, 52 univittatus, 156, 158, 160 amoenus, 52 viburni, 155, 158, 159 obliquus, 21, 23, 24, 52 vitticoUis, 157, 158, 162 ornatus, Deraeocoris, 67, 68 Neurocolpus, 17, 137, 181 ornatus, Episcopus, 48 jessiae, 182, 183 ornatus, Orthotylus, 98, 99, 103 nubilus, 181, 182 ornatus, Reuteroscopus, 21, 48 rubidus, 182, 183 Orthocephalus, 75, 81 tiliae, 181, 182 mutabiiis, 81 nigellus, Ceratocapsus, 108, 110, 111 Orthotylinae, 17, IS, 19, 20, 74 230 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Fol. 22, Art. 1

Orthotvlini, 75, 81 nubilus, 177 Orthotylus, 17, 82,97 par, 177 althaeae, 96 percursus, 177 basicornis, 97, 99, 102, 105 rubidus, 177 candidatus, 98, 99, 102 sordidus, 177 catulus, 97 triops, 177 chlorionis, 97, 98, 99, 100 varius, 177 delicatus, 96 trivittatus, 178 dorsalis, 98, 99, 100, 105 trivittis, 176, 178 flavosparsus, 21 Paraxenetus, 209 tuscicornis, 102 guttulatus, 209 knighti, 98, 99, 102, 105 parshleyi, Psallus, 43, 44 lateralis, 98, 99, 104 fuscatus, 44 modestus, 99, 104 Parthenicus, 75, 76 immaculatus, 97, 104 juniperi, 76 modestus, 98 nigrellus, 76, 77 necopinus, 98, 99, 103 taxodii, 7, 76 nedectus, 98, 99, 105 vaccini, 21 notabilis, 97, 98, 100 pellucida, Diaphnidia, 19, 91, 92 nvctalis, 98, 99, 104 penipecten, Phytocoris, 191, 192, 195, 199 ornatus, 98, 99, 103 percursus, Paracalocoris scrupeus, 177 ramus, 97, 99, 100 Peritropis, 4, 15, 61, 62 robiniae, 97, 99, 100, 101 husseyi, 62 rossi, 97, 99, 102 saldaeformis, 62, 63 serus, 98, 99, 102 saldiformis, 62 submarginatus, 98, 99, 103 perplexus, Pilophorus, 4, 120, 121 taxodii, 7, 97, 99, 101 pettiti, Tropidosteptes, 145 ulmi, 97, 100 pettiti, Xenoborus, 144, 145 viridis, 97, 99, 101, 102 Phylinae, 17, 18, 20, 22 ostryae, Lygus, 164 Phytocoris, 4, 17, 137, 184 ostryae, Neolygus, 156, 158, 164 albifacies, 185, 186 angustifrons, 200, 201 pabulinus, Cimex, 153 angustulus, 191, 193, 195, 197 pabulinus, Lygus, 4, 148, 149, 153 antennalis, 184, 185 pallens, Deraeocoris quercicola, 70, 71 arundinicola, 191, 192, 195, 198 pallidicornis, Phytocoris, 184, 185 bohemanni, 42 pallidicornis, Plagiognathus, 28, 30 brevifurcatus, 191, 192, 194, 195 pallidicornis, Plagiognathus politus, 30 breviusculus, 184, 190 pallidulus, Paracalocoris, 3, 178 buenoi, 191, 192, 195, 197, 198 albigulus, 176, 178 canadensis, 189, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196 pallidulus, 176 caryae, 202, 204, 207 pallidulus, Paracalocoris hawleyi, 178 confluens, 201, 204, 205 pallipes, Horcias dislocatus, 173 conspersipes, 200, 201 pallipes, Strongylocoris, 78, 79, 80 conspurcatus, 184, 185, 188, 189 palmeri, Neoborus, 139, 141 corticevivens, 185, 186, 189 palmeri, Neoborus amoenus, 141 cortitectus, 191, 193, 195, 196 paludum, Teratocoris, 128 davisi, 185, 187 Pamillia, 107, 108 depictus, 202, 204, 208 davisi, 108 diversus, 7, 200 par, Paracalocoris scrupeus, 177 erectus, 9, 191, 192, 195, 199 Paracalocoris, 17, 137, 176 exemplus, 199, 200, 201 castus, 176, 178 eximius, 189, 193, 194 celtidis, 176, 179 flavosparsus, 96 colon, 3, 177, 180 fulvus, 199, 200, 201 castus, 178 fumatus, 185, 188, 189, 190 evonvmi, 176, 178 husseyi, 191, 192, 195, 199 gleditsiae, 176, 179, 180 infuscatus, 202, 204 hawleyi, 4, 15, 176, 178 iunipericola, 199, 200, 201 pallidulus, 178 lacunosus, 191, 193, 195, 197 limbus, 176, 178 lasiomerus, 21, 184, 185 multisignatus, 176, 180 luteolus, 201, 204, 209 pallidulus, 3, 178 minutulus, 185, 187, 188 albigulus, 176, 178 mundus, 199, 200, 201 pallidulus, 176 neglectus, 191, 192, 194, 195, 196 salicis, 176, 177 nigricolHs, 191, 192, 195, 197 scrupeus, 176, 177 obtectus, 191, 193, 195, 199 ardens, 177 olseni, 202, 204, 205

bidens, 177 onustus, 191, 192, 194, 195 . compar, 177 pallidicornis, 184, 185 cunealis, 177 penipecten, 191, 192, 195, 199 delta, 177 pinicola, 200, 201 lucidus, 177 puella, 202, 204, 207, 208 September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 231

confluens, 205 flavoscutellatus, 26, 32 purvus, 185, 187 fulvidus, 27, 37 quercicola, 184, 188, 201, 202, 204 gleditsiae, U, 26, 27, 37 rubellus, 202, 204 guttulosus, 28, 40 rubicundus, 153 laricicola, 5, 27, 39 rufus, 203 negundinis, 27, 33 salicis, 191, 192, 195, 196, 197, 198 tulvotinctus, 33 schotti, 191, 192, 195, 197, 198 nigritus, 27, 34 spicatus, 191, 192, 195, 196 nigrolineatus, 26, 34 sulcatus, 185, 189, 190 nigronitens, 27, 30 taxodii, 7, 201, 203, 204 obscurus, 32 tibialis, 202, 204, 205 albocuneatus, 28, Zi tuberculatus, 185, 187, 189 fraternus, 26, 33, 44 uniformis, 199, 200, 201 obscurus, 26 venustus, 202, 204, 206 pallidicornis, 28, 30 vittatus, 185, 190 politus, 29, 30, 31 piceicola, Psallus, 43, 44 flaveolus, 26, 29 Pilophorini, 74, 118 pallidicornis, 30 Pilophorus, 15, 118, 119 politus, 27 amoenus, 120, 122 punctatipes, 28, 39 brunneus, 120, 123 dispar, 39 clavatus, 120, 124 repetitus, 27, 40 geminus, 120, 122 repletus, 38 gracilis, 119 apicatus, 29, 38 iuniperi, 120, 121, 123 repletus, 29 laetus, 120, 121, 123 rosicola, 28, 36 perplexus, 4, 120, 121 salicicola, 36 setiger, 120, 124 depallens, 29, 36 strobicola, 7, 120, 122 salicicola, 29 taxodii, 7, 120, 121 sericeus, 26, 34 uhleri, 5, 7, 120, 122 similis, 29, 37 vanduzeei, 120, 122 suffuscipennis, 28, 40 walshii, 120, 123 syrticolae, 6, 28, 31 pilosulus, Ceratocapsus, 108, 109, 110 tiliae, 34 pilosus, Ceratocapsus, 109 tinctus, 31 pinicola, Deraeocoris, 4, 6, 21, 68, 72, 73 debilis, 28,32 pinicola, Phvtocoris, 200, 201 tinctus, 28 Pithanus, 124, 125 viridulus, 31 maerkelii, 19, 125 planitrons, Labopidea, 105 plagiatus, Lygus, 4, 148, 149, 153 platani, Reuteria, 92, 95 plagifer, Tropidosteptes, 144 Platylygus, 137, 147 plagifer, Xenoborus, 144 luridus, 147 Plagiognathus, 25, 26 Platytylellus, 131, 132 albatus, 36, 37 borealis, 132, 136 albatus, 28 circumcinctus, 132, 135 similis, 37 contraternus, 134 vittiscutis, 29, 37, 38 fraterculus, 133, 136 albifacies, 23, 27, 35 fraternus, 131, 134 albonotatus, 31, 32 discifer, 132, 135 albonotatus, 28 fraternus, 132 compar, 29, 31 regalis, 132, 135 tinctus, 31 rubromarginatus, 132, 135 alboradialis, 28, 31 insignis, 133, 135

annulatus, 3>3), 34 fraterculus, 136 annulatus, 27 insitivus, 21, 133 cuneatus, 34 angusticoUis, 132, 134 nigrotemoratus, 27, 34 insitivus, 132 atricornis, 28, 35 nigricollis, 132, 133 blatchleyi, 24, 35 nigroscutellatus, 132, 134 blatchleyi, 27 rubellicollis, 132, 136 nubilus, 27, 36 rubrovittatus, 132, 133 brevirostris, 27, 28, 33 zonatus, 132, 133 caryae, 29, 38 Poecilocapsus, 137, 172 chrvsanthemi, 28, 31, 35 lineatus, 13, 172 cornicola, 27, 29, 38 Poeciloscytus basalis, 167 cuneatus, 26, 27, 34 venaticus, 169 davisi, 28, 38 poecilus, Camptobrochis, 67 delicatus, 29, 36, 37 poecilus, Deraeocoris, 4, 67, 68 dispar, 39 politus, Plagiognathus, 29, 30, 31 crataegi, 28, 40 flaveolus, 26, 29 dispar, 28 pallidicornis, 30 flavicornis, 28, 30, 31 politus, 27 232 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Jol. 22, Art. 1

pollicaris, Reuteria, 93, 95 quadrimaculatus, Pycnoderes, 60 Polymerus, 17, 137, 166 quadrispiculus, Ceratocapsus, 109, 110, 114 basalis, 167 quercalbae, Lygus, 160 basalis, 166 quercalbae, Neolygus, 156, 158, 160, 163, 164 fuscatus, 166, 167 querci, Reuteria, 93, 95 brevirostris, 167, 170 quercicola, Deraeocoris, 68, 71, 72 chrysopsis, 167, 171 pallens, 70, 71 flavocostatus, 167, 168 quercicola, 70 tulvipes, 167, 170 quercicola, Phytocoris, 184, 188, 201, 202, 204 uerhardi, 167, 171 niini, 166, 168 ramus, Orthotylus, 97, 99, 100 nigritus, 168 rapidus, Adelphocoris, 15, 174 nigropallidus, 166, 167 rapidus, Capsus, 174 nubilipes, 166, 170 recticornis, Megaloceroea, 125 opacus, 167, 170 regalis, Platytylellus fraternus, 132, 135 proximus, 166, 168 regalis, Pseudoxenetus, 118, 119 punctipes, 166, 168, 169 regalis, Xenetus, 119 severini, 167, 170 repetitus, Plagiognathus, 27, 40 unifasciatus, 167 repletus, Plagiognathus, 38 lateralis, 166, 168 apicatus, 29, 38 venaticus, 167, 169 repletus, 29 venustus, 166, 170 residuus, Horcias dislocatus, 173 populi, Neoborus, 140, 142 Resthenia nigricollis, 133 pratensis, Lygus, 148, 149 rubrovittata, 133 elisus, 152 Resthenini, 131 provancheri, Diaphnidia, 91, 92 reuteri, Lopidea, 85, 86, 90, 91 provancheri, Malacocoris, 92 Reuteria, 82, 92 jToximus, Polvmerus, 166, 168 bifurcata, 93, 94 Psallus, 24, 25, 43 fuscicornis, 93, 94 albatus, 36 irrorata, 93, 94, 95 alnicenatus, 43, 44 platani, 92, 95 alnicola, 43, 44 pollicaris, 93, 95 amorphae, 43, 44 querci, 93, 95 ancorifer, 21, 44, 46 Reuteroscopus, 24, 48 astericola, 43, 45 ornatus, 21, 48 bakeri, 43, 45 sulphureus, 12, 48, 49 delicatus, 37, 96 Rhinacloa, 22, 50 drakei, 44, 46 citri, 77 tuscatus, 43, 44 forticornis, 24, 50 guttulosus, 40 Rhinocapsus, 25, 40 juniperi, 76 vanduzeei, 21, 24, 40 morrisoni, 43, 45 robiniae, Capsus, 89 parshleyi, 43, 44 robiniae, Lopidea, 84, 85, 86, 89, 90 fuscatus, 44 robiniae, Orthotylus, 97, 99, 100, 101 piceicola, 43, 44 rosacea, Lygidea, 145 seriatus, 4, 13, 43, 45 rosacea, Lygidea rubecula, 145 sericeus, 34 rosicola, Plagiognathus, 28, 36 strobicola, 43, 45 rossi, Orthotylus, 97, 99, 102 sulphureus, 49 rostratus, Lepidopsallus, 46, 47 Pseudoxenetus, 118 rubecula, Lygidea, 145 regalis, 118, 119 lurida, 147 scutellatus, 118, 119 obscura, 145 pubescens, Neoborus, 140, 141, 142 rosacea, 145 puella, Phytocoris, 202, 204, 207, 208 rubellicoilis, Platytylellus, 132, 136 confluens, 205 rubellus, Horcias dislocatus, 173 pulcher, Trigonotylus, 129 rubellus, Phytocoris, 202, 204 pulicarius, Chlamydatus, 25, 26 ruber, Deraeocoris, 21 pulicarius, Lygaeus, 26 rubicundus, Lygus, 4, 148, 149, 153 pumila, Melinna, 112 rubicundus, Phytocoris, 153 pumilus, Ceratocapsus, 109, 110, 112, 113, 114, rubidus, Lepidopsallus, 47 115, 116 atricolor, 47 punctatipes, Plagiognathus, 28, 39 rubidus, 47 dispar, 39 rubidus, Neurocolpus, 182, 183 punctipes, Polymerus, 166, 168, 169 rubidus, Paracalocoris scrupeus, 177 purvus, Phytocoris, 185, 187 rubidus, Sthenarus, 47 Pycnoderes, 22, 58, 60 rubricornis, Ceratocapsus, 108, 109, 110 convexicollis, 60 rubromarginatus, Platvtvlellus fraternus, 132. dilatatus, 21, 60, 61 135 drakei, 60, 61 rubrov'ittata, Resthenia, 133 incurvus, 60 rubrovittatus, Platytylellus, 132, 133 medius, 60 ruficornis, Cimex, 130 quadrimaculatus, 60 ruficornis, Trigonotylus, 129, 130 September, 1941 Knight: Plant Bugs, or Mirioae. of Illinois 233

rufipennis, Dichrooscytus, 165, 166 siniilis, Plagiognathus, 29, 37 rufipennis, Lygaeus, 166 similis, Plagiognathus albatus, 37 rufus, Phytocoris, 203 simulans, Capsus, 138 rufusculus, Neoborus, 140, 143 simulans, Deraeocoris, 138 Sixeonotus, 22, 58, 59 saldaeformis, Peritropis, 62, 63 areolatus, 59, 60 saldiformis, Peritropis, 62 insignis, 21, 59 salicicola, Eustictus, 65 unicolor, 59 salicicola, Plagiognathus, 36 sordidus, Paracalocoris scrupeus, 177 depallens, 29, 36 spicatus, Phytocoris, 191, 192, 195, 196 salicicola, 29 squamosa, Alepidia gracilis, 119 salicis, Lopidea, 85, 86, 88, 89 stalii, llnacora, 12, 8'^2, 83,84 salicis, Lygidea, 145, 146 staphyleae, Lopidea, 4, 84, 85, 86, 90 salicis, Paracalocoris, 176, 177 sanguinea, 50 salicis, Phytocoris, 191, 192, 195, 156, 197, 198 Stenodema, 125, 130 saliens, Criocoris, 21, 49 trispinosum, 4, 21, 130 saliens, Strongylotes, 49 vicinum, 4, 130 sanguinareus, Coccobaphes, 138 Stenotus, 137, 175 sanguinea, Lopidea staphyleae, 90 binotatus, 175 sayi, Deraeocoris, 68, 73 Sthenarops malina, 83 costalis, 73 Sthenarus rubidus, 47 frontalis, 73 strigulatus, Lygus oblineatus, 149 marginata, 73 strobicola, Pilophorus, 7, 120, 122 sayir73 strobicola, Psallus, 43, 45 unicolor, 73 Strongylocoris, 75, 78 sayi, Euarmosus, 73 ambrosiae, 78, 80, 81 schotti, Phytocoris, 191, 192, 195, 197, 198 atritibialis, 78, 80 scrupeus, Capsus, 177 breviatus, 78, 79, 80 scrupeus, Paracalocoris, 176, 177 hirtus, 78, 80, 81 ardens, 177 mohri, 78, 81 bidens, 177 pallipes, 78, 79, 80 compar, 177 stygicus, 21, 78,79, 80 cunealis, 177 Strongylotes saliens, 49 delta, 177 stygicus, Capsus, 79 lucidus, 177 stygicus, Strongylocoris, 21, 78, 79, 80 nubilus, 177 suavis, Agalliastes, 26 par, 177 suavis, Chlamydatus, 25, 26 percursus, 177 subfuscus, Neolygus caryae, 156, 162, 163 rubidus, 177 submarginatus, Capsus, 103 sordidus, 177 submarginatus, Orthotylus, 98, 99, 103 triops, 177 suffuscipennis, Plagioa;nathus, 28, 40 varius, 177 sulcatus, Phytocoris, l85, 189, 190 scutatus, Horcias dislocatus, 173 sulphureus, Psallus, 49 scutellaris, Neoborus amoenus, 139, 140 sulphureus, Reuteroscopus, 12, 48, 49 scutellatus, Pseudoxenetus, 118, 119 superbus, Adelphocoris, 174 scutellatus, Xenetus, 118 suspectus, Dichrooscytus, 165, 166 semiflavus, Capsus ater, 138 syrticolae, Plagiognathus, 6, 28, 31 Semiini, 74, 75 Systellonotini, 74, 116 Semium, 19,75 hirtum, 19, 75 semivittatus, Lygus, 163 tarsalis, Callimiris, 129 semivittatus, Neolygus, 156, 158, 160, 163 tarsalis, Triyonotvlus, 129 111 separatus, Dicyphus, 55 taxodii, Ceratocapsus, 7, 10, 108, 110, 101 separatus, Macrolophus, 21, •^i, 55, 56 taxodii, Orthotylus, 7, 97, 99, seriatus, Atomoscelis, 45 taxodii, Parthenicus, 7, 76 204 seriatus, Psallus, 4, 13, 43, 45 taxodii, Phytocoris, 7, 201, 203, sericeus, Plagiognathus, 26, 34 taxodii, Pilophorus, 7, 120, 121 sericeus, Psallus, 34 Teleorhinus, 15, 17, 22, 52 Sericophanes, 15, 17, 116 davisi, 19 heidemanni, 15, 116 tephrosicola, 52 noctuans, 116 tenellus, Lygus, 163 ocellatus, 116 tenuicornis, Cylapus, 4, 19, 21, 61 sericus, Ceratocapsus, 108, 110, 113 tenuicornis, Macrolophus, 23, 55, 56 serus, Orthotylus, 98, 99, 102 tenuis, Cyrtopeltis, Si setiger, Pilophorus, 120, 124 tephrosicola, leleorhinus, 52 setosus, Ceratocapsus, 108, 110, 115 Teratocoris, 125, 128 severini, Polymerus, 167, 170 discolor, 12, 128 sexguttatus, Atnblytylus, 51 paludum, 128 sexguttatus, Macrotjlus, 21, 51 Termatophvlidae, 74 signatus, Agalliastes, 45 tibialis, Phytocoris, 202, 204, 205 signatus, Neoborus amoenus, 140 tiliae, Lva;us, 161 161 silvestri, Fiebrigiella, 209 tiliae, Neolygus, 155, 156, 158, 234 Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin Vol. 22, Art. 1

tiliae, Ncurocolpus, 181, 182 vanduzeei, Lygus, 4, 16, 21, 148, 149, 150, 151 tiliae, Plagiognathus, 34 vanduzeei, Pilophorus, 120, 122 tinctipennis, Dichrooscytus, 165 vanduzeei, Rhinocapsus, 21, 24, 40 tinctus, Neolygus, 155, 157, 158 varians, Cyrtopeltis, 53 rinctus, Plagiognathus, 31 varius, Paracalocoris scrupeus, 177 debilis, 28, 32 venaticus, Poeciloscytus, 169 tinctus, 28 venaticus, Polymerus, 167, 169 tinctus, Plagiognathus albonotatus, 31 venatorius, Eustictus, 21, 65, 66 Trachelomiris oculatus, 127 ventralis, Opistheuria clandestina, 131 tricolor, Neoborus, 140, 143 venustus, Phytocoris, 202, 204, 206 tricolor, Tropidosteptes, 143 venustus, Polymerus, 166, 170 Trigonotylus, 15, 125, 129 verbasci, Campylomma, 25 brevipes, 129 verbasci, Capsus, 25 pulcher, 129 vestitus, Dicyphus, 4, 23, 53, 54 ruficornis, 129, 130 viburni, Lygidea, 145 tarsalis, 129 viburni, Lygus, 159 triops, Paracalocoris scrupeus, 177 viburni, Neolygus, 155, 158, 159 trispinosum, Stenodema, 4, 21, 130 vicinum, Stenodema, 4, 130 trivittatus, Paracalocoris, 178 vicinus, Ceratocapsus, 108, 110, 112 trivittis, Paracalocoris, 176, 178 vicinus, Miris, 130 Tropidosteptes, 136, 139 villosa, Clivinema, 64 amoenus, 140 viridicans, Dichrooscytus, 165 canadensis, 141 viridis, Orthotylus, 97, 99, 101, 102 cardinalis, 4, 139 viridulus, Plagiognathus, 31 pettiti, 145 vitripennis, Capsus, 56 plagiter, 144 vitripennis, Hyaliodes, 21, 56, 57, 58 tricolor, 143 discoidalis, 56 isugae, Microphylellus, 41, 42 vitripennis, 56 tuberculatus, Phytocoris, 185, 187, 189 vittatus, Phytocoris, 185, 190 tumiditrons, Microphylellus, 41, 42 vitticollis, Lygus, 162 tyrannus, Capsus ater, 138 vitticollis, Neolygus, 157, 158, 162 vittiscutis, Neoborus, 140, M2 uhleri, Pilophorus, 5, 7, 120, 122 vittiscutis, Plagiognathus albatus, 29, 37, 38 ulmi, Orthotylus, 97, 100 unicolor, Deraeocoris sayi, 73 walshii, Pilophorus, 120, 123 unicolor, Sixeonotus, 59 unifasciatus, Lygaeus, 167 Xenetus regalis, 119 unifasciatus, Polymerus, 167 scutellatus, 118 lateralis, 166, 168 Xenoborus, 136, 143 uniformis, Ceratocapsus, 109, 110, 113, 114 commissuralis, 143, 144 uniformis, Phytocoris, 199, 200, 201 neglectus, 144 univittatus, Lygus, 160 pettiti, 144, 145 univittatus, Neolygus, 156, 158, 160 plagifer, 144

~~vaccini, Parthenicus, 21 zonatus, Platytylellus, 132, 133~~

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