Latvia by Juris Dreifelds and Valts Kalnin‚ Š
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Riga Municipality Annual Report 2003 Riga Municipality Annual Report 2003 Contents
Riga Municipality Annual Report 2003 Riga Municipality Annual Report 2003 Contents The Report of Riga City Council Chairman 4 The Report of Riga City Council Finance Department Director 5 Structure and Function of the Riga City Council 6 Riga City: Review and Development 7 History and Geographical Location 7 Inhabitants 8 Description of the Economy of the City 10 Education and Sport 11 Social Assistance and Services 12 Housing and Municipal Services, Environmental Protection 13 Culture 14 Transport and Communications 15 Health Care 16 Order and Security 16 Implementation of the City Development Plan and Community Consultation 17 Initiatives Promoting the Awareness of the Community and their Involvement in Public Debate 18 Participation in International Collaborative Projects 19 Initiatives to Improve Management of Municipal Organizations and Enterprises 20 The Economic Development of the City of Riga 22 Branch Industry Structure 22 City of Riga Financial and Budget Policy 25 Investment Profile 27 Property Profile 29 Riga Municipality Financial Report 32 Auditors Report 32 Condensed Annual Accounts 34 Cash Flow Statement 35 Income Statement (Basic Budget) 35 Income Statement (Special Purpose Budget) 36 Investment 37 Lending to Associated Enterprises 38 Receivables 38 Cash 38 Liabilities 39 Derivatives 39 Income Statement (Basic Budget) 39 Income Statement (Special Purpose Budget) 41 Income Statement on Donations and Endowments 42 Terms for the Composition of Annual Accounts 43 Budget Performance, year 2003 45 Riga Municipality Budget, year 2004 55 IISBN 97489-45-10 © Riga Municipality, 2004 This Annual Report contains photographs of Riga City Council initiatives. © Leons Balodis, Andris Krievi¿‰, IlmÇrs Znoti¿‰, Raitis Puri¿‰, Kristaps Kalns 2 Riga Municipality Annual Report 2003 The inhabitants of Riga are the City’s most important economic, social and cultural development potential. -
Media Audience Development in Latvia (2004–2012)
ISSN 2029-865X 144 doi://10.7220/2029-865X.06.06 MEDIA AUDIENCE DEVELOPMENT IN LATVIA (2004–2012) Anda ROŽUKALNE [email protected] PhD, Head of the Department of Communication Studies Faculty of Communication Riga Stradiņš University Riga, Latvia ABSTRACT: This article analyses the main development trends in media audience structure and media use in Latvia since its joining the European Union in 2004. To characterize and carry out the analysis quantitative data were mainly used which are regularly provided by TNS Latvia – an agency for market, social and media research. In addition to the information provided by TNS Latvia, this summary also employs a study on broadcasting media audience structure and content priorities commissioned by the National Electronic Media Council and carried out by the Baltic Institute of Social Sciences. In order to describe media usage patterns in different au- dience groups, data from polls and focus group studies were used, carried out by the author. The behavior of media audience is characterized by taking into account media consumption and providing detailed information about press, broadcasting and Internet media usage trends. The data show that Latvian media consumption time and the diversity in media usage is increasing. Due to technological development, some audiences tend to consume less of traditional media, giving preference to Internet media where it is possible to receive all the necessary information. National social networking site draugiem.lv has become increasingly popular in the local media environment, where people are mainly communicating among themselves. Latvian media audi- ence can also be described by a generational gap – people below thirty mainly use Internet media, while those above 30 tend, in their use, to combine both traditional and Internet media. -
Governance and Corruption in Public Health Care Systems by Maureen Lewis
Working Paper Number 78 January 2006 Governance and Corruption in Public Health Care Systems By Maureen Lewis Abstract What factors affect health care delivery in the developing world? Anecdotal evidence of lives cut tragically short and the loss of productivity due to avoidable diseases is an area of salient concern in global health and international development. This working paper looks at factual evidence to describe the main challenges facing health care delivery in developing countries, including absenteeism, corruption, informal payments, and mismanagement. The author concludes that good governance is important in ensuring effective health care delivery, and that returns to investments in health are low where governance issues are not addressed. The Center for Global Development is an independent think tank that works to reduce global poverty and inequality through rigorous research and active engagement with the policy community. This Working Paper was made possible in part by funding from the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation. Use and dissemination of this Working Paper is encouraged, however reproduced copies may not be used for commercial purposes. Further usage is permitted under the terms of the Creative Commons License. The views expressed in this paper are those of the author and should not be attributed to the directors or funders of the Center for Global Development. www.cgdev.org 1 Governance and Corruption in Public Health Care Systems Maureen Lewis* Senior Fellow Center for Global Development January 2006 * I am grateful to William Savedoff for extensive peer review comments and suggestions, and to James Habyarimana, John Hicklin, Randi Ryterman, Julian Schweitzer, Peter Heller and Adam Wagstaff for helpful comments on earlier drafts. -
A Case Study of Riga Municipality Sigita Struberga and Aleksandra Kjakste*
SJPA National Minorities’ Inclusion and Representation in 22(1) Local Government Policy-Making in Latvia: A Case Study of Riga Municipality Sigita Struberga and Aleksandra Kjakste* Abstract Sigita Struberga The aim of this article is to assess the extent of cooperation between municipalities and University of Latvia Latvia’s Russian-speaking minority towards the goal of securing its inclusion in the local [email protected] governance of the nation. The research is split into two main parts. First, an analytical Aleksandra Kjakste framework is established using governance theories, with a particular focus on the criteria University of Latvia of fairness and competences. Second, an empirical framework analyses various determi- [email protected] nants on the basis of a case study of the Riga city municipality. The authors conclude that there is notable progress in the creation of formal frameworks fostering inclusiveness, in particular in public administration and legislation. However, several disadvantages are still observed when the attempts at inclusion encounter the two aforementioned criteria. As a result, the overall forms and initiatives towards cooperation fail to engender an environment that would foster new competencies or values for the general public or par- ticular stakeholders. Introduction Keywords: Public participation in administration is highly valued in contemporary demo- Russian-speaking minority Local government cratic societies (Cooper, Bryer & Meek, 2006; Yang & Pandey, 2011; Quick, Inclusion Bryson, Slotterback & Crosby 2013; Quick & Bryson, 2016), giving rise to Policy-making questions of how to best achieve a holistic representation of the various layers of Latvia society. For several decades, one of the greatest challenges in this context has stemmed from the increasing ethnic and linguistic diversity in European socie- ties (Eelbode, 2010; Bell, 2010). -
Bachelor Theses 1996 - 2020
Bachelor Theses 1996 - 2020 ID Title Name Surname Year Supervisor Pages Notes Year 2020 Are individual stock prices more efficient than Jānis Beikmanis 2020 SSE Riga Student Research market-wide prices? Evidence on the evolution of 2020 Tālis Putniņš 49 01 Papers 2020 : 3 (225) Samuelson’s Dictum Pauls Sīlis 2020 Assessment of the Current Practices in the Justs Patmalnieks 2020 Viesturs Sosars 50 02 Magnetic Latvia Business Incubator Programs Kristaps Volks 2020 Banking business model development in Latvia Janis Cirulis 2020 Dmitrijs Kravceno 36 03 between 2014 and 2018 2020 Betting Markets and Market Efficiency: Evidence Laurynas Janusonis 2020 Tarass Buka 55 04 from Latvian Higher Football League Andrius Radiul 2020 Building a Roadmap for Candidate Experience in Jelizaveta Lebedeva 2020 Inga Gleizdane 53 05 the Recruitment Process Madara Osīte Company financial performance after receiving Ernests Pulks 2020 non-banking financing: Evidence from the Baltic 2020 Anete Pajuste 44 06 market Patriks Simsons Emīls Saulītis 2020 Consumer behavior change due to the emergence 2020 Aivars Timofejevs 41 07 of the free-floating car-sharing services in Riga Vitolds Škutāns 2020 Content Marketing in Latvian Tech Startups Dana Zueva 2020 Aivars Timofejevs 64 08 Corporate Social Responsibility: An Analysis of Laura Ramza 2020 Companies’ CSR Activities Relationship with Their 2020 Anete Pajuste 48 09 Financial Performance in the Baltic States Santa Usenko 2020 Determinants of default probabilities: Evidence Illia Hryzhenku 2020 Kārlis Vilerts 40 10 from -
23. Baltic Perspectives on the European Security and Defence Policy
23. Baltic perspectives on the European Security and Defence Policy Elzbieta Tromer I. Introduction Given the choice between the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and the Euro- pean Security and Defence Policy as providers of their national security, the Baltic states—Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania—look to the USA. One reason is their perception of Russia as a source of instability. Another is their lack of con- fidence in the ability of the ESDP to deal with present-day threats. Although these three states are eager to be ‘normal’ members of the European Union and thus to join in its initiatives, their enthusiasm for the EU’s development of its own military muscle is lukewarm. An EU with some military capability but without the USA’s military strength and leadership holds little promise for them. Since the ESDP vehicle is already on the move, the Baltic states see their main function as ensuring coordination between the ESDP and NATO. Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania want to be ‘Atlanticists from within the ESDP’.1 The Baltic states see themselves as exposed to challenges similar to those confronting the Nordic countries: notably the challenge of the new transatlantic dynamic, which makes it almost impossible to avoid taking sides between the US and Europe on an increasing range of global and specific issues. Being torn in this way is bound to be especially painful for Scandinavian [and Baltic] societies which have strong ties of history, culture and values with both sides of the Atlantic, and which in strategic terms are relatively dependent both on American military and European economic strength.2 The Nordic countries are seen by the Baltic states as allies in this context. -
EUROPEAN COMMISSION Brussels, 30.9.2020 SWD(2020) 313 Final COMMISSION STAFF WORKING DOCUMENT 2020 Rule of Law Report Country C
EUROPEAN COMMISSION Brussels, 30.9.2020 SWD(2020) 313 final COMMISSION STAFF WORKING DOCUMENT 2020 Rule of Law Report Country Chapter on the rule of law situation in Latvia Accompanying the document COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT, THE COUNCIL, THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE AND THE COMMITTEE OF THE REGIONS 2020 Rule of Law Report The rule of law situation in the European Union {COM(2020) 580 final} - {SWD(2020) 300 final} - {SWD(2020) 301 final} - {SWD(2020) 302 final} - {SWD(2020) 303 final} - {SWD(2020) 304 final} - {SWD(2020) 305 final} - {SWD(2020) 306 final} - {SWD(2020) 307 final} - {SWD(2020) 308 final} - {SWD(2020) 309 final} - {SWD(2020) 310 final} - {SWD(2020) 311 final} - {SWD(2020) 312 final} - {SWD(2020) 314 final} - {SWD(2020) 315 final} - {SWD(2020) 316 final} - {SWD(2020) 317 final} - {SWD(2020) 318 final} - {SWD(2020) 319 final} - {SWD(2020) 320 final} - {SWD(2020) 321 final} - {SWD(2020) 322 final} - {SWD(2020) 323 final} - {SWD(2020) 324 final} - {SWD(2020) 325 final} - {SWD(2020) 326 final} EN EN ABSTRACT The Latvian justice system has been continuously improving its quality and efficiency, notably through a number of measures, among them training and consecutive judicial map reforms. The Information and Communication System in courts and the Prosecution Office is at an advanced level and is being further developed. The independence of the justice system has been strengthened by reinforcing the role of the judiciary in the selection of candidate judges and the Prosecutor General, as well as in the appointment of court presidents. -
Latvia by Juris Dreifelds
Latvia by Juris Dreifelds Capital: Riga Population: 2.1 million GNI/capita, PPP: US$19,090 Source: The data above are drawn from the World Bank’sWorld Development Indicators 2013. Nations in Transit Ratings and Averaged Scores 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Electoral Process 1.75 1.75 1.75 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 1.75 1.75 1.75 Civil Society 2.00 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 Independent Media 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 Governance* 2.25 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a National Democratic Governance n/a 2.25 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.50 2.50 2.25 2.25 2.25 Local Democratic Governance n/a 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.25 2.25 2.25 2.25 2.25 2.25 Judicial Framework and Independence 2.00 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 Corruption 3.50 3.50 3.25 3.00 3.00 3.25 3.25 3.50 3.25 3.00 Democracy Score 2.17 2.14 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.18 2.18 2.14 2.11 2.07 * Starting with the 2005 edition, Freedom House introduced separate analysis and ratings for national democratic governance and local democratic governance to provide readers with more detailed and nuanced analysis of these two important subjects. -
ESS9 Appendix A3 Political Parties Ed
APPENDIX A3 POLITICAL PARTIES, ESS9 - 2018 ed. 3.0 Austria 2 Belgium 4 Bulgaria 7 Croatia 8 Cyprus 10 Czechia 12 Denmark 14 Estonia 15 Finland 17 France 19 Germany 20 Hungary 21 Iceland 23 Ireland 25 Italy 26 Latvia 28 Lithuania 31 Montenegro 34 Netherlands 36 Norway 38 Poland 40 Portugal 44 Serbia 47 Slovakia 52 Slovenia 53 Spain 54 Sweden 57 Switzerland 58 United Kingdom 61 Version Notes, ESS9 Appendix A3 POLITICAL PARTIES ESS9 edition 3.0 (published 10.12.20): Changes from previous edition: Additional countries: Denmark, Iceland. ESS9 edition 2.0 (published 15.06.20): Changes from previous edition: Additional countries: Croatia, Latvia, Lithuania, Montenegro, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden. Austria 1. Political parties Language used in data file: German Year of last election: 2017 Official party names, English 1. Sozialdemokratische Partei Österreichs (SPÖ) - Social Democratic Party of Austria - 26.9 % names/translation, and size in last 2. Österreichische Volkspartei (ÖVP) - Austrian People's Party - 31.5 % election: 3. Freiheitliche Partei Österreichs (FPÖ) - Freedom Party of Austria - 26.0 % 4. Liste Peter Pilz (PILZ) - PILZ - 4.4 % 5. Die Grünen – Die Grüne Alternative (Grüne) - The Greens – The Green Alternative - 3.8 % 6. Kommunistische Partei Österreichs (KPÖ) - Communist Party of Austria - 0.8 % 7. NEOS – Das Neue Österreich und Liberales Forum (NEOS) - NEOS – The New Austria and Liberal Forum - 5.3 % 8. G!LT - Verein zur Förderung der Offenen Demokratie (GILT) - My Vote Counts! - 1.0 % Description of political parties listed 1. The Social Democratic Party (Sozialdemokratische Partei Österreichs, or SPÖ) is a social above democratic/center-left political party that was founded in 1888 as the Social Democratic Worker's Party (Sozialdemokratische Arbeiterpartei, or SDAP), when Victor Adler managed to unite the various opposing factions. -
GENERAL ELECTIONS in LATVIA 17Th September 2011
GENERAL ELECTIONS IN LATVIA 17th September 2011 European Elections monitor The opposition party, Harmony Centre, comes out ahead in from Corinne Deloy the general elections Translated by Helen Levy On 17th September a leftwing party came out ahead in the general elections in Latvia for the first time since 1991, the year in which the country recovered independence. Harmony Centre (SC) won 28.37% of the vote and 31 seats in parliament (+ 2 in comparison with the previous election on 2nd RESULTS October 2010). Harmony Centre took the lead over the Zatlers’s Reform Party (ZRP), a rightwing group founded by former President of the Republic (2007-2011) Valdis Zatlers, which won 20.82% of the vote and 22 seats and Unity (V), the party of outgoing Prime Minister Valdis Dombrovskis, which won 18.83% of the vote and 20 seats (- 13). The centre-right also emerges strengthened after these elections and should be able to form a government. National Alliance–All for Latvia, a new party that was formed after the merger of the Union for the Fatherland (TB/LNNK) and the far right party, All for Latvia (VL) is the other winner in this election. It has clearly gained ground coming fourth with 13.88% of the vote and 14 seats (+ 6), just ahead of the Greens and Farmers Union (ZSS), a member of the outgoing government coalition, which won 12.22% of the vote and 12 seats (- 9). The other parties, including the People’s Party (TP) led by businessman and former Prime Minister (1995-1997 and 1999-2000) Andris Skele Latvia’s First-Latvia’s Way (LPP-LC), led by Ainars Sle- sers did not manage to rise above the 5% threshold of votes cast, which are vital to be represented in the Saeima, the only chamber of Parliament. -
Latvia Towards Europe: Internal Security Issues
North Atlantic Treaty Organization Andris Runcis LATVIA TOWARDS EUROPE: INTERNAL SECURITY ISSUES Final Report The preparation of this Report was made possible through a NATO Award. Rîga, 1999 1 Content Introduction 3 1. The basic aspects of a country’s security 5 2. Latvia’s security concept 8 3. Corruption 10 4. Unemployment 17 5. Non-governmental organizations 19 6. The Latvian banking system and its crisis 27 7. Citizenship issue 32 Conclusion 46 Appendix 48 2 Introduction The security of small countries has been a difficult problem since ancient times. Now, when the Cold War has ended and Europe has moved from a bipolar to a multipolar system, when the communist system in Eastern Europe has collapsed and the Soviet empire has disintegrated – processes which have led to the appearance of a series of new and mostly small countries in Europe – we are witnessing a renaissance of small countries in the international arena. Since regaining independence Latvia’s general foreign policy orientation has been associated with integration into European economic, political and military structures where full membership in the European Union (EU) is the cornerstone. The issue has been one of the most consolidated and undisputed on the country’s political agenda. Latvian politicians have stressed the country’s wish to become a member state of the European Union. On October 14, 1995, all political parties represented in the Parliament supported the State President’s proposed Declaration on the Policy of Latvian Integration in the European Union. On October 27, Latvia submitted its application for membership to the EU. -
World News Agencies and Their Countries
World News Agencies and their Countries World News Agencies and their Countries Here, you will read about the World News Agencies and their Countries World News Agencies and their Countries 1. Bakhtar News Agency is located in which Country? – Afghanistan 2. Where is the Xinhua (New China News Agency) located? – China 3. Agencia de Noticias Fides (ANF) is the News agency located in which Country? – Bolivia 4. Albanian Telegraphic Agency (ATA) is located in which Country? – Albania 5. Where is the Cuban News Agency (ACN) located? – Cuba 6. Angola Press (Angop) is located in which Country? – Angola 7. Islamic Republic News Agency (IRNA) located in which Country? – Iran 8. Telam is the News agency located in which Country? – Argentina 9. Novinite is the News agency located in which Country? – Bulgaria 10. Armenpress is the News agency located in which Country? – Armenia 11. Agencia Estado is the News agency located in which Country? – Brazil 12. Where is the Agence Djiboutienne d’Information News Agency located? – Djibouti 13. Oe24 News is the News website located in which Country? – Austria 14. Azartac is the News agency located in which Country? – Azerbaijan 15. Mediapool is the News agency located in which Country? – Bulgaria 16. Where is the Agencia Globo Press Agency located? – Brazil 17. Where is the Bahrain News Agency (BNA) located? – Bahrain 18. Where is the Bangladesh Sangbad Sangstha (BSS) News Agency (BNA) located? – Bangladesh 19. Where is the Belta News Agency (BNA) located? – Belarus 20. Where is the Walta Information Centre (WIC) News Agency located? – Ethiopia 21. Where is the Belga Press Agency located? – Belgium 22.