Art & Culture September 3, 2017 3 This Day in History (September 3) Iranian Firefighters Join Fire

Today is Sunday; 12th of the Iranian month of Shahrivar 1396 solar hijri; corresponding to 12th of the Islamic month of Zil-Hijjah 1438 lunar hijri; and September 3, 2017, of the Christian Gregorian Calendar. Extinguishing Operations in 1302 lunar years ago, on this day in 136 AH Abu’l-Abbas as-Saffah, the first self-styled caliph of the usurper Abbasid regime, died after a 4-year rule. He claimed descent from BAKU (IRNA) - A 15-member Iranian firefighters Abbas, an uncle of Prophet Mohammad (SAWA). Though he returned the vast orchard of Fadak to the Prophet’s progeny, from whom it had been seized by the first and second teams equipped with two helicopters joined fire extin- caliphs, he usurped political power of the state, despite the deceptive slogan of his guishing operations in Georgia, it was announced on political-military campaign to return to the Ahl al-Bayt the rule of the Islamic realm. He mass massacred the Omayyads, whose male members he exterminated, almost to the last Saturday. single person, except for a youth called Abdur-Rahman, who managed to flee Syria to The Iranian fire fighting squad and two choppers Spain. He also dug up the Omayyad graves including that of their founder, Mu’awiyah ibn Abu Sufyan, and burned their bones and skeletons. are to help Georgia to quell widespread fire in Abas- 1154 solar years ago, on this day in 863 AD, Amr bin Abdullah al-Aqta (One-Handed), tomani forests some 220 kilometers away from west the Emir of Malatya (in southeastern Turkey), was killed in the Battle of Lalakaon against a huge Byzantine army that encircled his force of 8,000 Muslims. He was a thorn in the Tbilisi. Byzantine side for over three decades, opening the way for the spread of Islam in Anatolia, Fire fighters from Turkey, Ukraine, Republic of and had participated in the victorious Battle of Dazimon in 838 under the Iranian Abbasid general, Afshin. In the 840s, he provided shelter to survivors of the Paulician sect of and the Islamic Republic of have Christianity fleeing persecution from the Greek Orthodox Church. In the 850s, he often joined the operation in Georgia. joined forces with Ali IbnYayha al-Armani, the Emir of Tarsus and decisively defeated Byzantine Emperor Michael III. Over 100 hectares of land in Georgian forests were 758 solar years ago, on this day in 1260 AD, the Mamluks of Egypt decisively defeated destroyed due to wildfire. the Iran-based Ilkhanid Mongols of Hulagu Khan at the Battle of Ain Jalout in Palestine, thus turning the tide against these savage invaders from Central Asia. The victory over Hulagu’s famous Christian Turkish general, Kitbuqa Noyan, ended the threat to Egypt and North Africa, a few years after the Mongol sack of Baghdad and the subjugation of Iran, S Korea Sign Contract on 1st Int’l Film Co-Production Syria, which included the turning of Omayyad Mosque of Damascus into a cathedral. (MNA) – Iran and The film which narrates a his- 498 lunar years ago, on this day in 940 AH, the great religious scholar, Shaikh Ali ibn South Korea have signed a contract Abdul-Aal al-Ameli, known as Mohaqqeq Karaki, passed away. Born in the Jabal Amel torical and mythical story revolv- region of Lebanon, he moved to the holy cities of Karbala and Najaf in Iraq for higher for an international co-production ing around the culture of the two studies. He was invited to Iran for his wisdom and erudite knowledge by Tahmasp of a motion picture for the very first countries is to be produced by Safavi. He established seminaries in the then Iranian capital, Qazvin, and other cities of time. Iranian producer Ali Nuri Oskouei Iran. He groomed many scholars both in Iran and his homeland Lebanon, including the The contract on production of and Suk Sun-Ju from South Ko- celebrated Zain ad-Din al-Ameli, known as Shaheed Thani (Second Martyr). He wrote the Korean-Iranian film has been rea. Kim Hyun-Jun will be direct- several books that are taught to this day. signed in the presence of a repre- ing the film. 359 solar years ago, on this day in 1658 AD, Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector of England, Wales, Scotland, and Ireland, died, and was succeeded by his son, Richard, who sentative from Iran’s vice presi- Lately, Iran’s cinema industry resigned nine months later and fled to Europe in the face of royalist advances to restore the dency for science and technology has been more active in the inter- monarchy. Oliver Cromwell was relatively obscure for the first 40 years of his life. After and deputy culture minister of Ko- national scene. About two weeks undergoing a religious conversion he became an independent puritan, and was elected to rea. Eshragh Cinema Institute and ago, American actor Val Kilmer the parliament. He entered the English Civil War on the side of the parliamentarians, and Documentary and Experimental signed on to star in ‘1st Born’, a was quickly promoted as a principal commander of the army that defeated the royalists. Film Center will collaborate with comedy by Iranian director, Ali He was a signatory to the death warrant against King Charles I. As a member of the Rump a Korean company to produce this Atshani. This is the first joint pro- Parliament (1649–53), he dominated the short-lived Commonwealth of England. On 20 April 1653 he dismissed the Rump Parliament and was given absolute powers as Lord motion picture whose script has duction between Iran and Holly- Protector. He was buried in Westminster Abbey, but after the royalists returned to power recently been completed. wood. they dug out his corpse, hung it in chains, and beheaded. 269 solar years ago, on this day in 1748 AD, the 3rd ruler of the , Mohammad Ibrahim Khan, was deposed by Afshar’s grandson, Shahrukh Afshar, less than two months after he had usurped the throne of Iran from his brother, Food Preservatives May Promote Obesity Adel Shah, the elder nephew and successor of Nader Shah. Shahrukh, who made London Film his capital, was deposed and blinded a year later by Mir Seyyed Mohammad foods to protect nutrients and keep fats from turning Mar’ashi – a grandson (daughter’s son) of Shah Suleiman I Safavi and caretaker of the Festival Hosts rancid; perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a polymer Holy Shrines of Qom and Mashhad – who ascended the throne as Shah Suleiman II, found in some cookware, carpeting and other products; but a few months later was dethroned, blinded and replaced by the blind Shahrukh. and tributyltin (TBT) is a compound in paints that can The eastern parts of Khorasan seceded from Iran during Shahrukh’s rule to become the Five Iranian make its way into water and accumulate in seafood. new country of Afghanistan, while Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar seized Mazandaran The investigators used hormone-producing tissues on the Caspian Sea, and Karim Khan Zand of Shiraz took over most of the country. In 1796, after exterminating the Zands and founding the , Agha Mohammad Films grown from human stem cells to demonstrate how Khan tortured Shahrukh to death, thus ending all vestiges of the dynasty founded by the chronic exposure to these chemicals can interfere with adventurer Nader Shah, who on liberating Iran from Afghan occupation had crowned TEHRAN (ISNA) – Five Iranian signals sent from the digestive system to the brain that himself king. films will take part in the 61st Lon- let people know when they are “full” during meals. 265 solar years ago, on this day in 1752 AD, “September 3” never happened, nor the don International Film Festival. When this signaling system breaks down, people often next ten dates ever occurred in Britain and its colonies, including what later became the According to the official website may continue eating, causing them to gain weight. USA. The Roman era Julian calendar had become 11 days out of step from the solar cycle, LOS ANGELES (Dispatches) - Growing evidence “We discovered that each of these chemicals damaged making Britain adopt the Gregorian calendar, which moved this day’s date up from Sep 3 of the London International Film to Sep 14. People rioted in the streets thinking the government stole 11 days of their lives. Festival, this year Majid Majidi’s from animal experiments suggests that chemicals added hormones that communicate between the gut and the Instituted in 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII on the model of Iranian solar hijri calendar, the newest film entitled “Beyond the to everyday products may make you obese. brain,” said Dhruv Sareen, PhD, assistant professor of 365-day Gregorian calendar has an extra day every four years (the leap year) and keeps Clouds” is one of 12 films in the A new study published in Nature Communications de- Biomedical Sciences and director of the Induced Plu- track of the equinoxes. Russia adopted the Gregorian calendar only in 1918 (31 Jan 1918 competitive section of this event tails how Cedars-Sinai investigators developed a novel ripotent Stem Cell Core Facility at the Cedars-Sinai was the last Julian date, followed the next day by 14 Feb 1918). Greece was the last platform and protocol for testing the effects of chemi- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute. country to do it in 1922. and the most important represen- cals known as endocrine disruptors on humans. “When we tested the three together, the combined 234 solar years ago, on this day in 1783 AD, the American war of independence ended tative of Iranian cinema. The three chemicals tested in this study are abundant stress was more robust.” after seven years of fighting with the signing of the Treaty of Paris by Britain and the In the other sections of this fes- new country called the “United States of America” made up of the 13 rebellious New in modern life. Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) is an anti- Of the three chemicals tested, BHT produced some of England colonies. tival, which will be hosting 242 oxidant commonly added to breakfast cereals and other the strongest detrimental effects, Sareen said. 162 solar years ago, on this day in 1855 AD, US soldiers brutally massacred over a feature films, documentaries and hundred men, women and children of the Sioux Amerindian tribe in Nebraska. The US short films from nearly 50 coun- has a sordid record of genocide and has almost exterminated the native Amerindian tries, the Iranian films “Esrafil” people. 134 solar years ago, on this day in 1883 AD, Russian novelist Ivan Turgenev, died in directed by Ida Panahandeh in the self-exile in France. His first major publication was the short story collection entitled“A Love section will be shown on Sportsman’s Sketches” (1852). His novel “Fathers and Sons” (1862) is regarded as one screen along with the other Iranian of the major works of 19th-century fiction. short film “Retouche” directed by 126 lunar years ago, on this day in 1312 AD, renowned Iranian calligraphist, scholar, Kaveh Mazaheri. poet, physician, and mathematician, Abu’l-Fazl Majd od-Din Mohammad bin Fazlollah Savoji, passed away. He was a master of various styles of calligraphy, such as “”ta’liq”, The other Iranian short film nasta’liq”, “shikasta” and “naskh”, in addition to authoring books and treatises on entitled “Lunch Time” directed medicine and mathematics. Among his immortal works are the calligraphic plaques on by Alireza Ghassemi will be the the walls of the holy shrine of Imamzadah Seyyed Abdul-Azim al-Hassani in Rayy. guest of the travel section of this 102 solar years ago, on this day in 1915 AD, the leader of the anti-colonial movement in southern Iran, Raees Ali Delvari, was martyred by British invaders, at Tangestan near international festival. Bushehr, after seven years of resistance. Delvari and his courageous comrades foiled the “24 Frames”, the last achieve- attacks of well-equipped British troops for occupation of the Port of Bushehr, before their ment of the late Abbas Kiarosta- martyrdom. mi will participate in the Creation 46 solar years ago, on this day in 1971 AD, the small Qatar Peninsula, jutting into the Persian Gulf from mainland Arabia, emerged as an independent country after 55 years section of the London Internation- of colonial rule by the British, who had seized on pretext of ending Ottoman hegemony. al Film Festival. Before the Ottomans, Qatar was until 1868 under occupation of Bahrain’s Aal-e Khalifa A documentary entitled “Chou- pirate-rulers, which had seized this area on the weakening of Iranian power in the Persian ka, please tell me what time is it?” Gulf in the late 18th century. 25 solar years ago, on this day in 1992 AD, “Father of Modern Physics in Iran” Prof directed by two Iranians, Arash Seyyed Mahmoud Hessabi, passed away in Geneva, Switzerland and was laid to rest, Kamali Sarvestani and Behrouz according to his will, in his ancestral town Tafresh near Tehran. An outstanding scientist, Bochani, which is the joint prod- he completed civil engineering while working as a draftsman in Beirut, Lebanon, before uct of the Netherlands, Australia shifting to the Paris-based Ecole Superieure d’Electricite. He continued his research in physics at the Sorbonne University and obtained PhD. He was the only Iranian student of and New Guinea, is also one of 12 the German-American genius, Albert Einstein, and wrote a treatise on his teacher’s death films in the competitive section of in 1955. Hessabi was fluent in five living languages: Persian, Arabic, French, English, and the festival. German. He was also familiar with Sanskrit, Latin, Greek, Pahlavi, and Avestan, as well The 61st edition of the London as Turkish and Italian, which he used for etymological studies. In 1947, he published his classic paper on “Continuous Particles”. In 1957, he proposed his model of “Infinitely International Film Festival will be Kalmakareh Cave is located 20km southwest of Pol Dokhtar in the western province of Lorestan. It is Extended Particles”. held from 4 to 15 October in the situated in a historical and ancient valley known as Darreh Bagh on the heights of Kouh Mahalleh. (Courtesy: IRIB English Radio – http://parstoday.com/en) United Kingdom. Courtesy: Tasnim News Agency