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1995 Boston University School of Medicine Division of Graduate Medical Sciences: 1995-1996

https://hdl.handle.net/2144/27145 Boston University

CALENDAR 1995/96

Summer! 1995 December The academic calendar is subject to change. 12 Tues Instruction ends. April The University, in scheduling classes on 13 Wed Study period through Thursday, 11 Tue Registration begins. religious holidays, intends that students December 14. observing those holidays be given ample Hay 15 Fri Final exams begin. opportunity to make up work. Faculty 20 Wed Final exams end. 23 Tue Registration ends, instruction members who wish to observe religious begins. holidays will arrange for another faculty 29 Mon Holiday, classes suspended. Semester II 1996 member to meet with their classes or for cancelled classes to be rescheduled. July January The calendars for the School of Law, School 1 Sat End of session. 16 Tue Instruction begins.* of Medicine, and School of Graduate Den• Summer II 1995 February tistry are published separately and are dis• 19 Mon Holiday, classes suspended. tributed by those Schools. Apr 20 Tue Substitute Monday schedule Note: Classes will be held on the Veterans of classes. 11 Tue Registration begins. Day holiday.

July March 2 Sat Spring recess through Sunday, 5 Wed Registration ends, instruction * Information regarding the days and hours March 10. Classes suspended. begins. of registration before the start of classes is 11 Mon Instruction resumes. published in the semester Class Schedule. August 12 Sat End of session. April 9 Tue Registration for Fall 1996. Semester! 1995 15 Mon Holiday, classes suspended. 17 Wed Substitute Monday schedule September of classes. 5 Tues Instruction begins.* May October 1 Wed Instruction ends. 9 Mon Holiday, classes suspended. 2 Thu Study period through Friday, 10 Tues Substitute Monday schedule of May 3. classes. 6 Mon Final exams begin. 14 Sat Homecoming/Parents 14 Tue Final exams end. Weekend through Sunday, 19 Sun Commencement. October 15.

November 14 Tue Registration begins for Spring 1996. 22 Wed Fall recess through Sunday, November 26. Classes suspended. 27 Mon Instruction resumes. BOSTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE DIVISION OF GRADUATE MEDICAL SCIENCES

1995/96 CONTENTS

Message from the Associate Dean and Molecular and Cell Biology / 45 Special Academic Units of the Director of Graduate Medical University / 77 Sciences / 3 Neuroscience / 47 Resources and Services / 80 Program in Interdisciplinary Graduate Departments and Degree Housing / 86 Programs / 5 Studies / 49

Administration and Faculty / 51 Student Activities / 87 Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology / 15 Academic Policies and The City of Boston / 89

Department of Biochemistry / 17 Procedures / 61 Corporation and Administration / 90

Department of Biophysics / 21 Financial Information / 67 Maps / 94

Department of Microbiology / 23 The University / 73 Application / 97

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine / 25

Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics / 28

Department of Physiology / 31

Doctor of Philosophy Program in Behavioral Neuroscience / 33

MD/PhD Dual Degree Program / 37

Master of Arts in Medical Sciences / 38

Interdepartmental Research and Training Programs

Biomolecular Pharmacology / 39

Human Genetics / 41

Immunology / 43

Dr. Douglas Cotanche and Ken Lee at the scanning electron microscope. A MESSAGE FROM THE ASSOCIATE DEAN AND DIRECTOR

t Boston University Medical Center, clinical and basic scientists along with graduate students are creating the foundation for 21st-century science. From molecular biology to clinical trials, from computer models to pharmaceutical products, the research teams at the School of Medicine, Division of Graduate Medical Sciences, the School of Public Health, and the Goldman School of Graduate Dentistry are continually harnessing the technology of the future. Boston University School of Medicine ranks between the 85th and 90th percentile nationally in research grants and contracts per faculty; the school ranks in the 90th per• centile for ratio of basic science graduate stu• dents per basic science faculty. These superb indicators of strength in research resulted from a decision 20 years ago to expand vig• orously a network of centers and institutes at our Genter. The Boston University Medical Genter Gampus is now home to a Pulmo• nary Genter, an Arthritis Genter, a Gardio- vascular Institute, a Gancer Genter, a Genter for Human Genetics, a Gerontology Center, as well as the Mallory Institute of Pathology, the Thorndike Memorial Laboratory, the Maxwell Finland Laboratory for Infectious Diseases, and the Sloan Epidemiology Unit. To accommodate the growth in these areas and in research emanating from the basic science departments, significant addi• tions to the School's physical plant have been made. A new 35,000 square foot Dermatol• ogy Research Facility opened in 1991 at 609 Albany Street, and the Center for Advanced Biomedical Research, with 180,000 square feet of research space, was opened in 1993. In 1995, the new state-of-the-art McNary Learning Center will be opened and opera• ble. It will contain lecture halls, seminar rooms, and a highly sophisticated computer• ment conducive to integrated inquiry tion, discovery, and development of unusual ized teaching lab. between basic scientists and clinical inves• research programs. tigators. Indeed, the prevalence ofjoint These new additions to research and Carl Franzblau, PhD appointments between basic science and teaching space will be fortified with an Associate Dean and Director clinical departments attests to the high level impressive modernization program of our Graduate Biomedical Science Studies existing research facilities. These changes of cooperation between clinical and basic will surely help to perpetuate an environ• scientists and clinicians in the conceptualiza•

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GRADUATE DEPARTMENTS AND DEGREE PROGRAMS

tudents in the Division of Graduate Part of each course number is an alphabet• Not offered means the course is not offered Medical Sciences (GMS)—the focus ical prefix that indicates the University during the current academic year but may be S of graduate education in the biomedi• School, College, or program (first three let• offered in the future. In many cases, these cal sciences at Boston University Medical ters) and the department or division (next courses are offered every other year. Center—are provided with the opportunity two letters) in which the course originates. Offered irregularly means the course will of undertaking study and research in the For example, GMS AN 808 indicates a be offered if there is sufficient demand. well-equipped laboratory facilities of the course in the Division of Graduate Medical Courses carry 4 credits per semester unless preclinical departments that make up the Sciences Department of Anatomy and Neu• specified otherwise. Division. PhD degree study is available in robiology. The alphabetical prefixes that Abbreviations Used in Course Numbers anatomy and neurobiology, behavioral neu• appear in this bulletin are explained in the Division of Graduate Medical table below. roscience, biochemistry, biophysics, micro• Sciences biology, pathology, pharmacology, and The course number indicates the course's AN Anatomy and Neurobiology pathology. MA degree study is available in level of difficulty. Courses at the 500 and 600 BI Biochemistry medical sciences and all of the above areas level are open to both undergraduate and BN Behavioral Neuroscience except behavioral neuroscience and pathol• graduate students; those listed in this bulletin BT Biomedical Technology Program ogy. Interdepartmental training and research are approved for MA and PhD credit. Grad• CP Medical Sciences Certificate programs in molecular and cellular biology, uate students in these courses are often Programs immunology, human genetics, and neuro• expected to complete extra work in the form CT Computer Technology science are also available. Dual degree pro• of special projects. Students should consult Program grams with the School of Medicine, the the course instructor about any special DM Department of Dermatology School of Public Health, the College of requirements. HG Human Genetics ID Infectious Disease Engineering, and the School of Manage• Other course levels are as follows: IS Interdisciplinary Studies ment are an ever-expanding aspect of cur• 700—899 Primarily for graduate students MI Microbiology rent multi-dimensional biomedical research 900—999 For graduate students only MS Division of Graduate Medical and education. Specific requirements and Science research opportunities in these various areas An X after a course number indicates that the OT Ophthalmic Technology are outlined elsewhere. course is given off campus. Program Course descriptions usually offer a brief PA Pathology and Clinical To accommodate the growth in these outline of the content of the course, any pre• Medicine areas and in research emanating from the requisites or corequisites, the instructor, and PH Physiology basic science departments, significant addi• PM Pharmacology and Experi• the semester the course is offered. tions to the School's physical plant have been mental Therapeutics made and more are underway. The following abbreviations are fre• quently used: These additions to research space will help prereq prerequisite Accreditations and Memberships to perpetuate an environment conducive to coreq corequisite Boston University is accredited by the New integrated inquiry between basic scientists cr credits England Association of Schools and Col• and clinical investigators. Indeed, the preva• sem. semester leges, Inc., is recognized by the University of lence ofjoint appointments between basic the State of New York, and is a member of sciences and clinical departments attests to the following agencies: the American Soci• the high level of cooperation between scien• ety of Composers, Authors and Publishers; tists and clinicians in the conceptualization, the American Council of Learned Societies; discovery, development, and testing of new Universities Research Association; EDU- therapeutic methods and pharmacological COM Interuniversity Communications products. Council; and the National Association of Schools and Colleges of the United Method• Abbreviations and Symbols ist Church. A system of abbreviations and symbols is used in the course listings that appear in this bulletin.

— 5 — Graduate Departments and Degree Programs

GMS MS 781 Introduction to Human Genet• cial programs may he arranged between the GRADUATE MEDICAL SCIENCES COURSES ics Prereq: general biology, genetics, bio• Division of Graduate Medical Sciences in the chemistry, cell biology, molecular genetics School of Medicine and the School of Public or the equivalent, and consent of instructor. In addition to the courses offered hy each Health in the School of Medicine; the department, the following are courses Teaches the basic principles and research meth• ods of human genetics, including the study of Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Medi• offered through the Division hy faculty from genes at the molecular, chromosomal, organis• cal Centers; the Departments of Biology, multiple cooperating departments. mal, and population levels. Emphasis is on clas• Chemistry, and Psychology on the Charles GMSCT50I introduction to Personal sical genetic examples in human disease. River Campus; the School of Management; Computers Prereq: consent of instructor. Applications of the technology in gene identifi• and the College of Engineering. Informa• cation, genetic testing, and forensic science are Designed to introduce language and applica• tion about all programs and specific research tions of microcomputers in medical and public presented. Farrer. 1st sem. interests of the faculty members involved health settings. Provides working knowledge GMS MS 782 The Biology of the Visual System of operating systems, hard disk management may he obtained hy writing to the Division in Health and Disease Principles of cell biol• and word processing. Lotus 1-2-3 and its vari• of Graduate Medical Sciences, Boston Uni• ogy as applicable to the eye and visual system in ous applications; spreadsheets, databases, and versity School of Medicine, 80 East Concord normal and diseased states and the mechanisms graphics. Nicastro. 2 cr, either sem. or processes unique to this system. Each basic Street, Boston, MA 02118. GMS CT 552 Computers in Medicine Com• science lecture outlining the relationship Both MA and PhD degrees (except where puter applications and programs encountered between basic and clinical science. Leihowitz. noted otherwise below) are offered hy the in the course of a medical career. Lectures and 2 cr, 2nd sem. Division in each of the following depart• hands-on work in computer laboratory. Appli• GMS MS 783. 784 Molecular Basis of Neuro• ments and programs. cations/programs: databases, bibliographic logic Diseases Molecular mechanisms of searches, statistics, and expert systems. Nicastro, stroke, multiple sclerosis, Huntington's disease, Ward. 2nd sem. Alzheimer's disease, amyotropic lateral sclero• Anatomy and Neurobiology GMS MS 502 Pharmacology: Drug Actions sis, muscular dystrophy, and neoplasia are con• Graduate instruction in the Department of and Reactions Prereq: biology and chemis• sidered. Fundamentals and current research Anatomy and Neurobiology is offered in try; consent of instructor. Basic concepts and of molecular biology are reviewed. Current gross human anatomy, microscopic anatomy, principles of the interactions of chemicals and publication seminar discussion is held with stu• and neuroscience, in addition to several living organisms, exemplified by drugs that are dent participation. Keynote lectures are given courses designed specifically for graduate in wide usage, and the physiological and bio• monthly by distinguished guest speakers. Abra• students. Current areas of graduate research chemical principles needed to understand phar• ham, Kowall. 2 cr each sem., year course. macologic actions. Levinc. 2nd sem. include: examination of connections, neu- rocytology, and immunocytochemistry of GMS MS 504 Human and Clinical Nutrition various parts of the nervous system, such as Prereq: biology, chemistry, or equivalent, and MAJOR FIELDS AND the cerebral cortex, auditory system, facial consent of instructor. Integration of biochemi• AREAS OF SPECIALIZATION cal and physiological factors in human nutri• nucleus, hippocampus, spinal cord, and basal tion. Nutritional requirements and methods of ganglia; development of visual cortex and Graduate students in the Division of Gradu• meeting nutritional needs examined in the retina; aging in various parts of the nervous ate Medical Sciences utilize the facilities of light of current research. Emphasis on analysis system; sensory cell regeneration in the of the rationale of current nutritional practices the basic science and clinical departments, cochlea; neurohiological basis of memory; as they relate to human disease. Vitale. 2nd sem. research laboratories, and centers of the Bos• neurobiology of cell signaling; molecular ton University School of Medicine and the GMS MS 703 Neuroscience Prereq: consent innervation of the lung; and cell biology of of instructor. Integrated treatment of anatomy affiliated hospitals of the Boston University collagen. and physiology of the nervous system. In anat• Medical Center (BUMC). In addition, spe• omy classes, brains and spinal cords are dis• sected and microscopic slides examined to study cytology and projections of neurons. Other practical classes and demonstrations cover physiology, neurology, ophthalmology School of Medicine Division of Graduate Medical Sciences and otolaryngology. Feldman. 2nd sem. MA Programs PhD Programs GMS MS 748 Endocrinology Prereq: bio• chemistry or physiology, and consent of Anatomy Anatomy instructor. Integrated treatment of human Biochemistry Behavioral Neuroscience endocrinology, biosynthesis of hormones, their Medical Sciences Biochemistry receptor interactions, and their physiological Microbiology Biophysics effects. Head. 2nd sem. Pharmacology Interdisciplinary Studies GMS MS 753 Cell Biology Prereq: consent of Physiology Microbiology instructor. Morphology of organelles, bio• Joint MA/MPH with School of Pharmacology chemical consideration of receptors, responses Public Health Physiology to extracellular matrices, vesicles within the Joint MA/MBA with School of Joint MD/PhD cell, and secretion; regulation of gene expres• Management Joint MD/PhD with Biomedical sion. Behavior of cells in culture and the cell Joint MA/MD with School of Engineering cycle. Cellular differentiation, embryogenesis, Medicine biochemistry of fertilization, cell movement, and control of cell differentiation. Fine. 4 cr, 1st sem.

— 6 — Graduate Departments and Degree Programs

Behavioral Neuroscience The program in behavioral neuroscience awards the PhD degree only; the MA degree is not offered. The program offers opportu• nities for research related to human brain dysfunction. Principal research interests of the current core faculty include language disorders; disorders of purposeful move• ment; pathology of learning and memory; drugs and behavior; dementias; brain mech• anisms of reinforcement; psychoneuroim- munology; visuospatial and other perceptual disorders; affective disorders; and develop• mental disorders. The methods employed in the study of human brain disorders include neuropsychological, neurological, and behavioral assessment procedures; dichotic listening; visual half-field and bimanual stimulation; instrumental and classical con• ditioning; brain imaging techniques; psy- chopharmacology; and electrophysiology. The department maintains a close affiliation with the Boston VA Medical Center, where students are encouraged to attend seminars, coUoquia, and hospital rounds in the psy• chology and neurology services.

Biochemistry The major research interests of the faculty in the Department of Biochemistry are in the areas of molecular and cellular biochemistry. More specifically, research projects include: (1) regulation of gene expression in response to development, tissue specificity, growth and differentiation, interaction with envi• ronmental factors, and various disease states; cules. Of particular interest is the study of romolecular complexes down to 10 to 20 A (2) vesicle trafficking; (3) signal transduction the three-dimensional structure of proteins, resolution, whereas X-ray crystallography hy peptide hormones, growth factors, and lipids, and complex carbohydrates and their and 2D NMR allow structures of the com• cytokines; (4) plant molecular biology; (5) function in cellular membranes, cellular ponents to he determined at atomic gene expression, biosynthesis, response to organelles, serum lipoproteins, adipose tis• resolution. exogenous factors, degradation, metabo• sue, nerve and brain tissue, and such patho• logical deposits as atherosclerotic plaques, lism, and enzymology of the extracellular Medical Sciences gallstones, Alzheimer's disease, and amyloid matrix; (6) cell cycle; (7) molecular immu• The program in medical sciences awards the plaques and abnormal lipoproteins. The nology; (8) neurohiochemistry; (9) struc• MA degree only; the PhD degree is not techniques of modern cell biology and bio• ture/function relationships of lipoproteins, offered. The program provides the essential chemistry and techniques used in structural lipoprotein genes, and their influence on cell background for the pursuit of training in biology, particularly high-resolution cryo- function; and (10) mechanism of action of various health professions. Special programs electron microscopy and image reconstruc• steroid hormones. In addition to many basic combining the MA in Medical Sciences with tion, protein and lipid X-ray diffraction, 2D science projects, a variety of clinically related programs in the School of Medicine, the and classical NMR spectroscopy, coupled studies in the fields of cardiovascular disease School of Public Health, and the School of with classical physical chemical techniques and hypertension, pulmonary disease and Management are also available. The program such as microcalorimetry, circular dichroic fibrosis, aging, Alzheimer's disease, repro• consists of the equivalent of two semesters of duction, obesity, inflammation, cancer, and fluorescence spectroscopy, ultra-centrif- fundamental coursework and two semesters thrombosis, and diabetes are also in progress. ugation and immunochemistry make it pos• of directly supervised research; the latter two sible to study thermodynamic and kinetic semesters can he completed during two sum• processes as structure changes during func• Biophysics mers. Students wishing to complete the pro• tion. Supporting these systems is a modern The research interests of the faculty of the gram in 12 months must register full time computer laboratory for image analysis and Department of Biophysics range from cell (12—16 credits) in the fall and spring semes• reconstruction and molecular modeling. and structural biology to traditional physical ters and for at least two credits in both sum• Classic and cryoelectron microscopy allow chemical studies of small and macro-mole• mer semesters or pay the continuing student the determination of the structures of mac-

— 7 — Graduate Departments and Degree Programs

regulation of neurotransmitter receptors at the cellular and genomic levels, mechanisms of signal transduction, developmental neu• robiology, and the pharmacology of behav• ior. Training emphasizes a multidisciplinary approach to fundamental problems in neuro• G science. Trainees become conversant with a variety of approaches to the study of the ner• vous system, including molecular biology, electrophysiology, biochemistry, anatomy, and behavior. Modern approaches to drug design include the use of recombinant DNA technology.

Physiology The Department of Physiology offers gradu• ate training in cellular and molecular physi• ology. Research opportunities exist for Dr. Kathy Svoboda and Michelle Hirsch review their poster presentation. studying the function of the human body in fee for each of the two summer semesters. Pathology and Laboratory Medicine health and disease at all levels, ranging from The required research thesis is carried out hy The Department of Pathology and Labora• the atomic resolution of protein molecules the candidate under direct supervision of a tory Medicine awards the PhD degree only; to the function of organ systems. Studies in member of the graduate faculty. The the MA degree is not offered. The curricu• structural biology include x-ray crystallog• research project may involve only library lum comprises two tracks: experimental raphy of calcium regulatory and membrane research, or a combination of library and pathology and immunology. Integration of hound proteins and a number of enzymes; laboratory research. Completion of all results of basic research with knowledge of electron microscopy, cryoelectron micros• requirements of the MA in Medical Sci• pathophysiology in humans and laboratory copy, and 3-D image reconstructionof mus• ences, including the thesis, is mandatory animals is a major goal of the training pro• cle proteins. Research in electrophysiology before a student in this program can matric• gram and is achieved hy the close affiliations includes single channel recording, measure• ulate in any doctoral program at Boston Uni• maintained with the Pathology Departments ment of ion fluxes hy microelectrode and hy versity. Students in the MA program in at Boston City Hospital, University Hospital optical imaging of intracellular probes, as Medical Science do not have to complete its (Mallory Institute of Pathology), and Boston well as spectrophotometric measurements requirements, however, before admission to Veterans Administration Hospital. Research of individual photopigments. Techniques one of its dual degree options described interests of the faculty include the following: in molecular biology are being utilized for below. mechanisms of chemical carcinogenesis and sequence determination and expression of mutagenesis; pathogenesis of atherosclerotic cDNAs to produce proteins and characterize and other vascular diseases; humoral and cel• Microbiology them hy mutational analysis. Particular areas lular immunology and immunologically of interest in the Department to which these The research interests of the faculty of the based cancer therapy; human somatic cell, various techniques are being applied include; Department of Microbiology range from molecular, and cancer genetics; nutritional signal transduction through calcium regula• studies of gene expression and function to effects on toxicity and carcinogenicity of tion of intracellular processes, membrane bacteriology, virology, and immunology. chemicals; neurochemistry; and ophthalmo- transport and ion channel properties, ex• PhD training is available in microbiology logical diseases. Methods of investigation and through the interdepartmental program pression of channels during neuronal devel• include morphologic procedures used in in immunology. Specific research areas opment, phototransduction, motility in classical pathology as well as molecular and include: regulation of gene expression in microtubule and actomyosin based systems, immunologic morphologic procedures; in pathogenic and sporulating bacteria, mecha• and mechanisms of enzyme action. nisms of drug resistance in bacteria, eukary- vitro culture and study of bacterial and otic cell growth control and carcinogenesis, mammalian cells; immunological manipula• tion of animals and cells and identification of mechanisms of eukaryotic cell injury, patho• GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR cell components or products; and identifica• genesis of acquired immune deficiency syn• THE MA DEGREE drome, protein structure/function analysis, tion of genetic and other biological markers. regulation of humoral and cell mediated immunity, signal transduction and gene Pharmacology and Experimental Course Requirements Candidates for the MA degree are required expression in lymphocytes, dysregulation of Therapeutics lymphocyte function in autoimmunity, to complete a minimum of 32 credits or the Research and training in molecular and cel• interactions between the neuroendocrine equivalent at the graduate level, of which at lular neuroscience represent a major focus and immune systems. least 16 credits must he in formal course- of the Department of Pharmacology and work. At least 16 credits must he in the major Experimental Therapeutics. Research inter• field. Normally, no more than 16 credits may ests of the faculty include modulation and he taken concurrently. Each student must

— 8 — Graduate Departments and Degree Programs

register for at least 4 credits each semester requirements: biochemistry, physiology, until completion of all degree course experimental design and biometrics; and the MA/MPH DUAL DEGREE PROGRAM requirements unless the student obtains an equivalent of at least 8 credits from a selected authorized leave of absence. The number of list of graduate courses. The MA/MPH dual degree program com• courses that may he transferred to an MA bines studies in the School of Medicine and the School of Public Health. This program program is explained in more detail in the Research Thesis or Comprehensive "Transfer of Credit" section of this bulletin. reduces the time and the number of courses Examination that would otherwise he required to com• A research thesis or comprehensive exami• plete separately the requirements of two Continuing Registration nation is required. The choice of this degrees. The Master of Public Health, taken See "Continuing Students" and "Leave of requirement rests with the major department as a separate degree, requires completion of Absence" sections of this bulletin. or program. The thesis is to he based on a 48 credits. The Master of Arts in Medical research project carried out hy the candidate. Sciences, taken separately, requires the com• Residency Requirement A laboratory thesis is recommended and is pletion of 32 credits. The combined MA/ Students must he registered in both the required hy certain departments. A library MPH, however, is awarded upon completion semester in which they complete degree thesis is accepted hy certain programs. Reg• of 64 credits and thus can he completed in requirements and in the preceding semester. ulations regarding the thesis are available at two calendar years (two academic years and the Division of Graduate Medical Sciences. one summer). Time Limit The program must he completed within three years after the first registration for study leading to the MA degree.

MA DEGREE PROGRAMS

The program for the MA in anatomy and neurobiology, biochemistry, biophysics, microbiology, pharmacology, or physiology consists of approximately one year of funda• mental coursework and one year of super• vised research work. The program for the MA in Medical Sciences requires two semes• ters of fundamental coursework and two semesters of library or laboratory research which can he completed during two sum• mer sessions.

Fields of Specialization A candidate selects a major from the following: anatomy and neurobiology, bio• chemistry, biophysics, medical sciences, microbiology, pharmacology and experi• mental therapeutics, and physiology. The candidate selects, in consultation with the appropriate graduate committee, a major advisor who is a member of the faculty of the selected department or program.

Course Requirements and Selection Candidates plan their courses in consultation with the major advisor and in accordance with the requirements of their major field. Coursework may he in formal courses, seminars, and research in proportion to the particular needs and backgrounds of the can• didates as worked out in consultation with the major advisor. Candidates for the MA in Medical Sci• ences Program only must fulfill the following

— 9 Graduate Departments and Degree Programs

Applications SMG electives. For the MA in Medical Sci• MA/MBA DUAL DEGREE PROGRAM Applicants must apply by completing an ences, students must complete 14 credits of application to the Division of Graduate core courses and at least 8 credits from The MA/MBA dual degree program offers Medical Sciences and an application to the selected electives. Any remaining credits an opportunity to combine a hroad-hased School of Public Health, indicating on each may he taken in either the School of Medi• program in the medical sciences with profes• that admission to the combined degree pro• cine or the School of Management. Up to 8 sional study in health care management and gram is desired. Letters of recommendation, elective credits may he taken as directed administration. The combined degree pro• test scores, and transcripts must accompany study or research courses in the School of gram reduces what would otherwise he three one of the applications and are shared hy Management. Core and elective course years of study for two graduate degrees to both admissions committees. Applications requirements may vary slightly depending two years, including two summer sessions. may he obtained from the School of Public upon the individual student's academic hack- The MBA with concentration in health Health and from the Division of Graduate ground and selection of courses. Medical Sciences. Applicants already care management taken as a separate degree enrolled in either program who decide to requires completion of 64 credits. The Thesis pursue a joint degree may, with the counsel MA in Medical Sciences, taken separately, A thesis is required. The thesis is to he based of their advisor, apply for formal admission requires the completion of 32 credits. The on research carried out hy the candidate to the other School. Upon acceptance, the joint MA/MBA, however, is awarded upon under direct supervision of a member of the director of the combined program reviews completion of 80 credits, distributed as graduate faculty selected hy the candidate the applicant's transcript and advises what described below. from the Division of Graduate Medical Sci• courses must he taken to complete the Applicants to the MA/MBA program ences or the School of Management. The requirements. must meet the requirements for admission to an MA program in the Division of Gradu• research project may involve library research ate Medical Sciences. In addition, special only or a combination of library and labora• Course Requirements requirements for the School of Management tory (field) research. The thesis must he Candidates normally register for two semes• include: submission of the official scores on defended in an oral examination before a ters in the Division and two semesters in the Graduate Management Admissions Test joint medical science/management faculty the School of Public Health, hut may cross- and completion of undergraduate, introduc• committee. The paper may he developed register and take courses in both schools tory studies in the humanities and social from a course paper with approval. If the during any semester. For the MPH degree, sciences. course instructor serves on the examining students must successfully complete 16 cred• committee, a third member should he added. its of core courses in the School of Public Health and a minimum of four courses in Applications Students apply hy completing an application one of the selected concentrations: environ• MA/MD DUAL DEGREE PROGRAM mental health, health law, health services, to the Division of Graduate Medical Sci• ences and an application to the School of and social and behavioral sciences. For spe• The program leading to the combined Management, indicating on each form that cific concentration course requirements, see degrees of Doctor of Medicine and Master of admission to the joint degree program is the School of Public Health Bulletin. Arts in Medical Sciences was established to desired. Letters of recommendation, test For the MA in Medical Sciences/MPH provide students motivated toward research scores, and transcripts must accompany one degree, students must complete 16 credits of and academic careers with the opportunity of the applications and are shared hy both core courses and at least 8 credits from for integrated scientific and medical training. admissions committees. selected electives. Any remaining credits The goal of the combined MA/MD pro• Students already enrolled in either pro• may he taken in either the Division of Grad• gram is to prepare its graduates for produc• gram who decide to pursue a joint degree uate Medical Sciences or the School of Pub• tive careers in both basic research and clinical may, with the counsel of their advisor, apply lic Health. Up to 8 elective credits may he medicine. Consequently, the program for formal admission to the other School. taken as directed study or research courses in requires a laboratory research thesis. The Upon acceptance, the director of the joint either program. Core and elective course dual degree program requires a minimum program reviews the applicant's transcript requirements may vary slightly depending five years of study and leads to both the Doc• and advises what courses may he taken to upon the individual student's academic hack- tor of Medicine and the Master of Arts in complete the combined dual degree ground and selection of courses. Please con• Medical Sciences degrees. sult MPH and MA program catalogues for requirements. further details concerning transfer of credit Admission and waiver of courses. Degree Requirements The applicant must meet the requirements Candidates usually register for two semesters for admission to the School of Medicine as a in the Division of Graduate Medical Sciences Thesis candidate for the MD degree and as a candi• (GMS) and two semesters in the School of A thesis is required. The thesis is to he based date for the MA degree. The minimum Management (SMG), hut may cross-register on research carried out hy the candidate entrance requirements and the prerequisite and take courses in both schools in any under direct supervision of a member of the courses for the MD degree are the same as semester. For the MBA degrees, students graduate faculty selected hy the candidate in those for the MA degree except that appli• must complete successfully nine core courses consultation with the program director. The cants for the combined MA/MD program (32 credits), three special courses in health research project may involve only library are required to submit the results of the care management, and 8 credits taken as research or a combination of library and lab• Medical College Admission Test only instead oratory (field) research.

— 10 — Graduate Departments and Degree Programs

of the Graduate Record Examination, credits required for the MA degree can, Posthachelor's PhD which is normally required for admission therefore, he fulfilled through directed study Candidates without a master's degree or its to the MA degree program. and research credits. The curriculum as a equivalent are required to complete 64 cred• It is anticipated that most of the applicants whole is designed to provide at least a one- its or the equivalent, of which a minimum of will apply directly for admission to the pro• year research concentration in a specific area 24 credits must he in formal coursework. gram as first-year medical students, hut of medical science combined with the usual Specific requirements relative to the selec• applications will he accepted at any time four-year medical curriculum. tion of courses, seminars, and research or from students who are already in residence Students admitted into the MA/MD pro• directed study are determined for each stu• at the School of Medicine. gram begin their training with the first year dent hy the department or program which of the regular medical school curriculum the student enters. Normally, no more than Application and complete the second year of this curricu• 16 credits may he taken concurrently. Each lum before beginning work on the graduate student must register for at least 4 credits Applications for the MA/MD program portion of the program. After these two each semester until completion of all depart• and instructions for submission of complete years, students begin their graduate educa• mental course requirements unless granted credentials are available from the Boston tion and research training in the basic science an authorized leave of absence. The number University School of Medicine, Office of department and/or area of specialization of of courses that may he transferred to a post• Admissions, 80 East Concord Street, Boston, their choice. In this, the third year of the pro• hachelor's program is explained in more MA 02118. Applicants are first screened for gram, which includes the full academic year detail in the "Transfer of Credit" section of their admissibility to the School of Medi• and one summer, the student is expected to this bulletin. cine's MD degree program, using the same devote full time to research and to register procedures and criteria used for students Post-Master's PhD for 32 credits of directed study and/or who apply to the MD degree program only. Candidates with a master's degree or its research. There are no further formal gradu• After determination of acceptability for equivalent are required to complete the ate course requirements, although seminar admission to the MD program, application equivalent of 32 credits. Specific require• attendance is required. for the dual degree program is submitted for ments relative to the selection of courses, processing through the normal channels for seminars, and research or directed study are admission to the MA degree program. Please Thesis determined for each student hy the depart• note that initial action hy the Admissions Candidates are required to submit a written ment or program which the student enters. Office on the MD application implies no dif• thesis based on the research carried out in the Normally, no more than 16 credits may he ferences between the Schools in standards of graduate year enrolled in the Division. This taken concurrently, and each student must acceptance. Rather, it reflects the fact that requirement may he completed during the register for at least 4 credits each semester the first-year class in medicine is limited third and fourth years of medicine. until completion of all departmental course to a finite number. The normal channel of requirements unless granted an authorized admission to the MA program includes leave of absence. Regulations regarding acceptance hy the basic science department GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR transfer of credit to a post-master's program in which the applicant wishes to carry out THE PHD DEGREE are explained in more detail in the "Transfer research. of Credit" section of this bulletin.

Course Requirements Degree Requirements For posthachelor's and post-master's PhD The degree requirements for the MA/MD degree programs are as follows: program are those for the Doctor of Medi• cine and the Master of Arts in the School of Medicine. For the MD degree, the student must he at least 21 years of age; have been enrolled in an accredited medical school for at least four full academic years, two of which must have been spent in the regular third- and fourth-year courses at Boston University School of Medicine; have passed all required courses and examinations; and have discharged all financial obligations to Boston University. For the MA degree, the student must provide evidence of having been enrolled in the Division of Graduate Medical Sciences for at least one full aca• demic year and one summer, attained the specified number of credits, and fulfilled the thesis requirements for the Master of Arts in Medical Sciences. In the MA/MD program, the specific course requirements of the Mas• ter of Arts in Medical Sciences are satisfied hy the regular medical curriculum. The 32

— 11 — Graduate Departments and Degree Programs

PhD Candidacy A student in a PhD program is accepted to PhD candidacy upon successful completion of such qualifying examinations as are desig• nated hy the department. At that time, the department notifies the Division, and the student receives formal acceptance to PhD candidacy from the Division of Graduate Medical Sciences. The maximum period allowable between matriculation and accep• tance to PhD candidacy is established hy the individual department. Once entered, a PhD candidacy expires on its fifth anniversary and after such time is renewed only if the student requalifies for candidacy as determined hy the department and the Division. In no instance is a student who is not a PhD candi• date allowed to defend a completed PhD dissertation.

Dissertation Advisory Committee After successful completion of coursework and the qualifying examinations, a student selects a dissertation topic. An Advisory Committee, consisting of a minimum of three faculty members (at least two of whom are from the major department) will meet with the student once per year, with a mini• mum of three advisory committee members in attendance. The committee's membership must he approved hy the student's depart• Continuing Registration Qualifying Examination ment. The first and second readers of the stu• dent's dissertation must he members of this See "Continuing Students" and "Leave of A PhD candidate must pass both an oral Advisory Committee. Some programs Absence" sections of this bulletin. and a written qualifying examination in the require three readers. The dissertation out• major field (and, if the department or pro• line should he completed and approved hy gram requires, in a minor field) administered Residency Requirement this committee before the more extensive according to the guidelines of the individual Each student must satisfy a residency phase of dissertation research is undertaken. department or program. Both oral and writ• requirement of a minimum of two consecu• Students are responsible for filing the outline ten portions of the exam must he passed tive regular semesters of full-time graduate in the Division Office. (See "Calendar" for in order to remain in the PhD candidacy. study at Boston University after completion due dates.) Performance in the research Failure to pass either the oral or the written of the first 32 credits. Full-time study in this component of the PhD program will he sections after two attempts results in termi• context is full-time commitment to the dis• assessed hy the Advisory Committee. Failure nation of the PhD candidacy. Written per• cipline as determined hy the department. to maintain an acceptable research program mission to retake either exam must he This commitment permits access to libraries, will result in a recommendation to terminate obtained from the major department and/or laboratories, instructional staff, and other the PhD candidacy. This recommendation program. Both examinations should nor• academic facilities of the University, includ• will he presented to the Student Affairs mally he completed no later than the end ing the department of concentration. In Committee of the department. Followed hy of the second year or within six months of order to graduate, students must he regis• submission to the Associate Dean of Gradu• completion of the academic courses required tered as part- or full-time in the semester in ate Medical Sciences. hy the candidate's program or department. A which they complete degree requirements minimum of five faculty members serve on and in the preceding semester. the oral qualifying examination committee; Dissertation Examination at least three must he from the major depart• and Seminar Time Limit ment or program, and the remaining mem• Students undergo a final oral examination The posthachelor's PhD program must he bers must he from within Boston University. in which they defend their dissertations as completed within seven years after the first All parts of the qualifying examination must valuable contributions to knowledge in their registration for doctoral study. The post• he passed before the dissertation outline will fields and demonstrate mastery of their fields master's PhD program must he completed he accepted hy the Division of Graduate of specialization in relation to their within five years after the first registration for Medical Sciences. dissertations. the doctoral program.

~ 12 — Graduate Departments and Degree Programs

The Advisory Committee will, in most in the Division of Graduate Medical Sciences Course Requirements, Selection, cases, become members of the Dissertation at Boston University School of Medicine. A and Fields of Specialization Committee. The Dissertation Examination student must he enrolled for at least 4 credits The PhD candidate's outline of study for Committee must consist of at least five fac• each semester until completion of the credit courses of instruction should he developed ulty members, one of whom must he outside requirements. After completion of all credit in the light of individual needs and hack- the major department. All five members requirements, the student must he enrolled ground, as worked out in consultation with must he present for the dissertation examina• as a continuing student each regular semester the major advisor, and approved hy the tion. If any member of the Dissertation until all requirements for the degree have chairman or director of the major depart• Committee is not a faculty member at Bos• been met, except under conditions of ment or program of the Division of Graduate ton University a special faculty appointment authorized leave of absence. (See the "Gen• Medical Sciences. in the Division of Graduate Medical Sciences eral Requirements for the PhD" section in In addition to the general requirements of must he obtained. Students must obtain this bulletin.) the Division, each candidate must fulfill the written approval of the dissertation hy the first and second readers prior to scheduling the final Divisional seminar and dissertation defense. This approval and distribution of the dissertation to the committee must occur at least two weeks prior to the defense. In addition, prior to scheduling the oral defense, the dissertation abstract and its approval form must he submitted. The approval form for the dissertation abstract can he obtained from the Division Office and must he signed hy the thesis advisor, the chairman or graduate coordinator of the major department or program, and the Asso• ciate Dean of Graduate Medical Sciences. The abstract, which cannot exceed 350 words in length, describes the dissertation's thesis, methods, and general content. Final departmental approval of the abstract can he given only after the dissertation has been successfully defended. Abstracts are subject to review hy the Associate Dean of Graduate Biomedical Sciences. Each graduating candidate presents a Divisional seminar which is open to the aca• demic community. Immediately following the seminar, the Examination Committee meets with the candidate for the final disser• tation defense.

PHD DEGREE PROGRAMS

The program for the PhD degree consists of the equivalent of two years of formal course- work and satisfactory completion of a labo• ratory research project, the results of which are to he incorporated in a dissertation. The candidate need not he in residence at Boston University during the time of preparation of the PhD dissertation. The program of study for the PhD must include the equivalent of 64 credits of graduate-level courses and research. Formal coursework must consist of at least 24 credits. Half of these total credits (32) may he satisfied hy the MA degree, or its equivalent. In this case, a minimum of 8 credits in formal coursework must he taken

— 13 — Graduate Departments and Degree Programs

following minimum requirements corres• toward an education and a career in both which they were originally accepted. Stu• ponding to the major area of specialization. medicine and research. The purpose of the dents are required to submit a letter from program is to provide students with the the thesis or major advisor, which has been Anatomy and Neurobiology Required opportunity to obtain advanced education countersigned by the chairman of the courses: gross anatomy, microscopic anat• and research training in one of the medical department or program in which they are omy, neuroscience, cell hiology, plus three sciences, while providing exposure to and concentrating, approving of their applica• additional departmental graduate courses. training in clinical medicine. The program tion. Evidence of completion of all the grad• Attendance at departmental and graduate requires six to seven years of study and leads uate degree requirements must be submitted student seminars is also required. to both the MD and PhD degrees. before matriculation into the Medical Behavioral Neuroscience Prerequisites: School. hiology, introductory psychology, experi• Application mental psychology, physiological psychol• The applicant must meet the requirements Degree Requirements ogy, abnormal psychology, and statistics. for admission both to the Medical School as The degree requirements for the combined Required courses: neuropsychology seminar a candidate for the MD degree and as a can• MD/PhD program are the separate degree (one year), neuropsychological assessment, didate for the PhD degree, as outlined above. requirements for the Doctor of Medicine and basic neuroscience. The minimum entrance requirements and and the Doctor of Philosophy in the School the prerequisite courses for the MD degree of Medicine. For the MD degree, the student Biochemistry Prerequisites: hiology and are the same as those for the PhD degree. must be at least 21 years of age; have been general and organic chemistry. Required Applicants for the MD/PhD Combined enrolled in the School of Medicine for at courses: biochemistry, cell hiology, four Degree Program are required to submit the least four full academic years; have passed all courses in advanced biochemistry or related results of the Medical College Admission required courses and examinations; and have fields and biochemistry seminar. Test only and not those of the Graduate discharged all financial obligations to Boston Biophysics Prerequisite: physical chemistry. Record Examination, which are normally University. For the PhD degree, the student Required courses: biophysics of macromo- required for admission to the PhD program. must have fulfilled all the requirements for lecular assemblies and biophysics seminar. The applicant must also have completed the admission to the Division of Graduate Medi• special prerequisites of the major department cal Sciences and have been enrobed in the Microbiology Required courses: biochemis• or program. The latter prerequisite courses Division for the equivalent of at least two full try; microbiology, cell hiology or basic may he completed while the candidate is in academic years. In addition, the candidate immunology; virology/parasitology; genet• residence as a graduate student hut may not must have fulfilled all the requirements for ics of microorganisms; and microbiology he presented for graduate credit. Applicants major (and in some cases minor fields of spe• seminar. Three courses in advanced micro• must also have carried out research during cialization), qualifying examination, and biology, immunology, or related fields their undergraduate program or have dissertation, as described above. Interdisci• Pathology and Laboratory Medicine research experience. Most applicants apply plinary programs, such as the MD/PhD pro• Required courses: biochemistry, molecular for admission to enter the program as first- gram in Biomedical Engineering can also be hiology, experimental pathology, biostatis• year students, hut applications are accepted arranged. Students enrolled in the combined tics, laboratory in experimental pathology, from students who are already in residence in MD/PhD program must complete the special topics in pathology; and pathology the School of Medicine. requirements for both degrees before any degree will he awarded, with the following and laboratory medicine seminar. Applicants must apply simultaneously to exception: a student admitted into the com• the School of Medicine (via American Med• Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeu• bined degree program on entering Boston ical College Application Service, 1776 Mas• tics Required courses: general medical University may withdraw from the com• sachusetts Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC pharmacology or molecular neurobiology bined degree program and elect to receive 20036) and the Division of Graduate Medi• and pharmacology and the equivalent of at one or the other degree upon completion of cal Sciences. The applicant is also asked to least four 2-credit courses in advanced top• the appropriate requirements. notify the School of Medicine, Boston Uni• ics; attendance at and participation in sched• versity Medical Center, 80 East Concord uled conferences and pharmacology Street, Boston, MA 02118, in writing, that seminars. the student has completed both applications Physiology Prerequisites: General physics, and is applying for the combined MD/PhD chemistry courses, and mathematics (one degree program. year of calculus). Required courses: physiol• The information on application proce• ogy; celJuJar physiology; physiology semi• dures given above applies only to applicants nar; and experimental methods. for the combined MD/PhD degree. There are special eligibility requirements for stu• dents who are enrolled in graduate programs MD/PHD DUAL DEGREE PROGRAM and who wish to apply to the Medical School as candidates for the MD degree only. Stu• The combined degree program is conducted dents currently enrolled in a graduate pro• under the auspices of the School of Medicine gram may apply to the Medical School in the and is designed for and open to highly quali• terminal year of the graduate program for fied individuals who are strongly motivated

— 14 — DEPARTMENT OF ANATOMY AND NEUROBIOLOGY

Chairman Alan Peters The Department of Anatomy and Neurobi• of the cochlea; neurohiological basis of Director of Graduate Studies Mark B. Moss ology has consistently been ranked among memory; pulmonary cell hiology includ• the top-funded departments of anatomy ing neuroendocrine regulation of lung nationally. The relatively small size of the development and innervation of the lungs; Faculty department ensures close contact between the developmental hiology of macrophages; Martin L. Feldman, PhD, Professor graduate students and their advisors. The development of the retina; and the neuro• department specializes in the neurosciences, hiological basis of normal aging and age- Deepak N. Pandya, MD, Professor aging, development, and cell and molecular related disorders including Alzheimer's Sergei P. Sorokin, MD, Research Professor hiology. Specific areas of research include: disease, Parkinson's disease and cerebrovas• examination of connections and immunocy• cular dementia. Courses are offered in Douglas A. Cotanche, PhD, Associate Professor tochemistry of specific parts of the nervous human gross anatomy, microscopic anatomy, system such as the cerebral cortex, temporal neurosciences, cell hiology, techniques in Richard F. Hoyt, jr., PhD, Associate Professor lobe, basal forehrain, auditory system, and neuroscience, neural development and plas• Mark B. Moss, PhD, Associate Professor facial motor system; development of the ticity, neurobiology of aging, neurohiologic visual cortex; development and regeneration basis of neurologic disease, neurobiology of Bertram R. Payne, PhD, Associate Professor

Alan Peters, PhD, Professor

Douglas L. Rosene, PhD, Associate Professor

Kathy K. Svoboda, PhD, Associate Professor

Deborah W. Yaughan, PhD, Associate Professor

Alan F. Wiechmann, PhD, Associate Professor

Lawrence C. Zoller, PhD, Associate Professor

Gene J. Blatt, PhD, Assistant Professor

Julie H. Sandell, PhD, Assistant Professor

Celeste R. Wirsig-VYeichmann, PhD, Assistant Professor

Joint Faculty

Thomas L. Kemper, MD, Professor (Professor of Neurology)

Eric L. Schwartz, PhD, Professor (Professor of Cognitive and Neural Systems and Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering)

Mary C. Williams, PhD, Professor (Professor of Pulmonary Medicine)

Helen Barbas, PhD, Assistant Professor (Asso• ciate Professor of Health Sciences)

Thomas F. Freddo, OD, PhD, Associate Professor (Associate Professor of Ophthalmology)

Dr. Thomas Kemper and Muhammad Ramzan examine new tissue preparations.

— 15 — Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology

memory, and special topics in anatomy and Students usually choose a research advisor reviews the current data concerning neuro- neurobiology. at the end of the first year and begin their imaging in aging and dementia, and the fourth research experience during the first summer. part covers future directions in the study of normal aging. Moss. 2 cr, 2nd sem. Admission Procedures GMS AN 709 Neural Development and Plas• The procedures for admission to the gradu• ticity Prereq: CMS MS 703 and consent of COURSES ate programs in anatomy and neurobiology instructor. Lectures, discussion, and readings are described in the section of this bulletin on current issues relating to neural changes on admissions procedures of the Division of GMS AN 500 Microscopic Anatomy Prereq: during development and how the nervous sys• Graduate Medical Sciences. Interviews are CLA BI 203 and consent of instructor. Mor• tem is modified hy interactions of the organism recommended for Graduates to the MA and phological and functional histology of tissues with the environment, and how the nervous system responds to injury. Emphasis on cellular PhD programs and are required for appli• and organs. Lectures and coordinated labora• tory study. Microscopes required. Loan collec• and systems levels of organization. Cotanche, cants to the MD/PhD program. Admissions tion of slides provided. Staff. 4 cr, 2nd sem. Payne, staff. 2 cr, 2nd sem. and other matters relating to graduate study GMS AN 801, 802 Seminar: Research Collo• are reviewed hy the Graduate Advisory GMSAN500S Microscopic Anatomy Prereq: CLA BI 203 and consent of instructor. Mor• quium Oral presentation and discussion by Committee of the department. phological and functional histology of tissues students and staff members of topics of interest and organs. Lectures and coordinated labora• in anatomy and allied fields. Feldman, Sandell. Core Course Requirements tory study. Microscopes required. Loan collec• 2 cr each, 1st & 2nd sem. tion of slides provided. Staff. 4 cr. Summer sem. Most students entering the program are GMS AN 803, 804 Special Topics In Anat• expected to take Cross Anatomy, Micro• GMS AN 701 Gross Anatomy Prereq: con• omy Presentation of problems of current interest in anatomical science offered to small scopic Anatomy, Neuroscience and Cell sent of instructor. Human anatomy in three groups of students at the instigation of either Biology during the first two years of study, units: locomotion, which includes arms, legs, and back; head and neck; thorax, abdomen, and interested faculty or students. Examples of top• although students may he excused from pelvis. Graduate students may elect one or all of ics that might he discussed are: differentiation; taking one or more of these courses if it is the units. Blatt, staff. Variable cr (up to 8 cr), aging in specific areas of the brain; electron deemed that an equivalent course has been 1st sem. microscopy; fine structure of neurons; biology successfully completed in the preceding of the lung; and retinal biology. Staff. 1st & GMS AN 702 Neurobiology of Learning and five years. 2nd sem. Memory Prereq: consent of instructor. This course covers the neurohiological bases of GMS AN 807 Neurobiology of tbe Visual Sys• tem Prereq: CMS MS 703 or consent of Additional Course Requirements learning and memory from the cellular to the systems level. Initial sessions cover the behav• instructor. This is a seminar for graduate stu• In addition to the core courses, doctoral ioral aspects of learning and memory—how it dents in all departments who have had a basic students must enroll in at least three other is operationally defined and what are the differ• neuroscience course and are interested in the graduate courses offered hy members of the ent theoretical concepts from cognitive psy• anatomical and physiological substrates of faculty of the department. Also, student chology that are current. Subsequent sessions vision. Study of the visual system progresses from the retina through the thalamus and attendance at all departmental and student investigate the neurophysiological, neuroana- tomical, and neurochemical mechanisms of brainstem to cortical visual areas and associated seminars (research colloquia) is required. memory at the cellular level and then move on structures such as the hippocampus, amygdala, to the study of systems that function at the level and basal ganglia. Students present primary of the whole organism. Concentration is on journal articles and occasional reviews with studies in mammals, particularly primates. guidance from faculty who are presently Moss, Rosene. 2 cr, 2nd sem. engaged in research involving the structures under discussion. Payne, Sandell. 2 cr, 2nd sem. GMS AN 70S, 706 Microscopic Anatomy of Tissues and Organs Prereq: consent of GMS AN 808 Neuroanatomical Basis of instructor. Lecture and laboratory study of Neurologic Disorders Prereq: Medical Neu• tissue and organ functional histology, with roscience course or equivalent, and consent emphasis on both light and electron micros• of instructor. Localization of specific anatomi• copy. Loan collection of slides provided. cal changes in the brain in such disorders as Vaughan. 6 cr, 1st sem. autism, dyslexia, schizophrenia, olivopontocer• ebellar atrophy and selected neurodegenerative GMS AN 707 Neurobiology of Aging Prereq: diseases such as Alzheimer's and ALS. Develop• consent of instructor. With growing awareness mental mechanisms leading to neuroanatomi• of an accelerating increase in the size of the cal alterations are discussed when appropriate. elderly population, there has been increasing Lectures, discussion of classical and current lit• interest in the neuropsychology of normal erature, and guest speakers. Blatt, Kemper. 2 cr, aging. Similarly, since aging is a major risk-fac• 2nd sem. tor for many dementia states, interest has also focused on the neuropsychology of age-related GMS AN 901, 902 Anatomy Research disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkin• Variable cr son's disease and the Dementias of the frontal GMS AN 904 Research Practicum Prereq: lobe type. This course attempts to summarize consent of instructor. Designed primarily for what is known about cognitive and related departmental graduate students to offer them changes associated with normal aging and age- first hand familiarity with a variety of modern related disease. The course is divided into four experimental techniques. Involves both partic• major sections. The first considers the cogni• ipation in, and observation of, the techniques tive changes associated with normal aging; the together with discussion and readings. Feldman. second deals with the most common causes of 2 cr, 2nd sem. cognitive decline seen in the elderly; the third

— 16 — DEPARTMENT OF BIOCHEMISTRY

Chairman Carl Franzblau Karl Schmid, PhD, Professor Emeritus Paul A. Toselli, MD/PhD, Associate Professor Associate Chairman and Director of Graduate Barbara M. Schreiber, PhD, Assistant Ahdulmaged M. Traish, PhD, Associate Studies Ellen Berkowitz Research Professor Professor

Elizabeth R. Simons, PhD, Professor Robert F. Troxler, PhD, Professor Faculty F. Marott Sinex, PhD, Professor Emeritus Leslie Wolfe, PhD, Instructor Ellen M. L Berkowitz, PhD, Associate Professor Jean D. Sipe, PhD, Research Professor Herbert H. Wotiz, PhD, Professor Emeritus

Peter M. Brecher, PhD, Professor Barbara Smith, PhD, Professor Yassiiis I. Zannis, PhD, Professor

Theresa Davies, PhD, Assistant Research Gail Sonenshein, PhD, Professor Professor Joint Faculty Phillip J. Stone, PhD, Professor Deborah E. Dobson, PhD, Assistant Professor Carmela Abraham, PhD, Associate Research Linda Taylor, PhD, Assistant Research Professor (Associate Professor of Medicine) Barbara A. Paris, Assistant Research Professor Professor David Atkinson, PhD, Research Professor Keith Tornheim, PhD, Associate Professor Stephen R. Farmer, PhD, Professor (Professor of Biophysics) Richard E. Fine, PhD, Professor

Judith A. Foster, PhD, Professor

Carl Franzblau, PhD, Professor

Stephen Gacberu, PhD, Assistant Research Professor

Wayne A. Gonnerman, PhD, Assistant Professor

Robin Johnson, PhD, Assistant Research Professor

Herbert M. Kagan, PhD, Professor

Konstantin Kandror, PhD, Assistant Research Professor

Crystal Leslie, PhD, Assistant Research Professor

Bernice M. Martin, PhD, Assistant Research Professor

Edward J. Modest, PhD, Research Professor

Shirley Morris, PhD, Assistant Research Professor

Matthew Nugent, PhD, Assistant Professor

Constance Phillips, MPH, Assistant Research Professor (Biotechnology)

Paul F. Pilch, PhD, Professor

Peter Polgar, PhD, Professor

Katya Ravid, PhD, Assistant Professor

V. B. Reddy, PhD, Associate Research Dr. Judith Foster and two graduate students review data. Professor — 17 — Department of Biochemistry

Hugues J. P. Ryser, MD, Professor (Professor of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine)

David Sassoon, PhD, Adjunct Assistant Pro• fessor (Assistant Professor of Molecular Biol• ogy, Mt. Sinai Medical Center)

Jacqueline Sharon, PhD, Associate Research Professor (Professor of Pathology and Labora• tory Medicine)

Michael Shia, PhD, Assistant Research Profes• sor (Assistant Professor of Medicine)

G. Graham Shipley, PhD, Professor (Professor of Biophysics)

Donald Small, MD, Professor (Professor of Biophysics)

Gordon Snider, MD, Associate Professor (Professor of Medicine)

Philip C. Trackman, PhD, Assistant Research Professor (Assistant Professor of Periodontol• Dr. Barbara Schreiber in the laboratory. ogy and Oral Biology)

Vickery Trinkaus-Randall, PhD, Associate Clinton Baldwin, PhD, Assistant Research William Hollander, MD, Professor (Professor Research Professor (Associate Professor of Professor (Assistant Research Professor of of Medicine) Ophthalmology) Pediatrics) Bruce Jackson, PhiA Adjunct Assistant Mary Walsh, PhD, Research Instructor (Assis• Peter Bergethon, MD, Assistant Research Research Professor tant Professor of Biophysics) Professor (Research Instructor of Medicine) Maria A. Kukuruzinska, PhD, Assistant Qiang Yu, PhD, Assistant Research Professor Jerome Brody, MD, Associate Research Pro• Research Professor (Assistant Professor of (Assistant Professor of Medicine) fessor (Professor of Medicine) Periodontology and Oral Biology) Ken Zaner, MD/PhD, Assistant Research Pro• David Center, MD, Research Professor Joseph Korn, MD, Research Professor (Profes• fessor (Associate Professor of Medicine) (Professor of Medicine) sor of Medicine) Raphael Zoeller, PhD, Assistant Research Pro• Sat! C. Chattoraj, PhD, Professor (Professor Wayne LaMorte, MD, PhD, Assistant fessor (Assistant Research Professor of of Obstetrics and Gynecology) Research Professor (Assistant Professor of Biophysics) Surgery) Barbara Corkey, PhD, Associate Research The Department of Biochemistry includes Professor (Associate Research Professor of Joseph Loscaizo, MD, PhD, Research Profes• 38 full-time faculty members, 12 postdoc• Medicine) sor (Professor of Medicine) toral fellows, and 70 graduate students, all Daniel Deykin, MD, Professor (Professor of Richard Mandel, PhD, Assistant Research Pro• of whom participate in a variety of active Medicine) fessor (Associate Professor of Pathology and research and training programs. The Laboratory Medicine) research in the department is included Richard Diamond, MD, Research Professor within the broad spectrum of biomedical (Professor of Medicine) S. Alex Mitsialis, PhD, Assistant Research Pro• research programs. Overall, these efforts fessor (Assistant Professor of Medicine) Douglas Faller, PhD, Research Professor address fundamental mechanisms of life pro• (Professor of Medicine) Mary J. Murnane, PhD, Assistant Research cesses, with emphasis on the underlying Professor (Associate Professor of Pathology and bases of human disease. The department Matthew J. Fenton, PhD, Assistant Research Laboratory Medicine) Professor (Assistant Research Professor of is housed in a modern, well-equipped facil• Medicine) John R. Murphy, PhD, Research Professor ity within the Boston University Medical (Research Professor of Medicine) Center. Members of the Department of Alan Fine, MD, Assistant Research Professor Biochemistry are actively involved in collab• (Assistant Professor of Medicine) Gwynneth D. Offner, PhD, Assistant Research orative efforts both within the department Professor (Associate Professor of Medicine) Balz Frei, PhD, Assistant Research Professor and with other researchers throughout the (Assistant Research Professor of Medicine) Frank Oppenheim, DMD, PhD, Associate various basic and clinical science depart• Professor (Professor of Periodontology and ments at the Medical Center. The major Ronald Goldstein, MD, Associate Research Oral Biology) Professor (Professor of Medicine) focus of the biochemistry research in the Hee Young Park, PhD, Assistant Research department is on the fields of molecular and Dana Graves, DOS, DMSc, Associate Professor cellular biology. Specific research interests Research Professor (Professor of Periodontol- include extracellular matrix biochemistry ogy and Oral Biology) Charalahos Pothoulakis, MD, Research Instructor and molecular biology, regulation of gene James Hamilton, PhD, Associate Research expression in eukaryotic cells, develop• Professor (Professor of Biophysics) Nadia Rosenthal, PhD, Adjunct Associate mental biochemistry, vesicle trafficking and Professor (Associate Professor in Medicine, signal transduction, protein structure and Gerhard Heinrich, MD, Assistant Research Harvard Medical School) Professor (Associate Professor of Medicine)

— 18 — Department of Biochemistry

function, mechanisms of catalysis, porphyrin Programs of Study credits of formal coursework. The particular biochemistry, protein-membrane interac• Each new student consults with an assigned courses and the number of credits depend tions, growth control and cell cycle, neuro• advisor during the orientation period prior upon the student's previous graduate studies. hiochemistry, mechanism of action of steroid to the start of the fall semester to plan the first Seminar and research requirements are the hormones, and mechanisms of oncogenesis. year's program. During the first year the same as those for the post-bachelor's PhD. Research activities are well supported by a PhD candidate also participates in four labo• variety of interdisciplinary research program ratory rotations to facilitate the choice of a Qualifying Examination project grants, graduate student training research advisor. The MA student is required Candidates for the doctoral degree must pass grants, and individual research grants. to complete two laboratory rotations in the both a written qualifying examination taken first semester of the first year. Specific course The Department of Biochemistry pro• at the end of the first year of graduate study requirements (except for research) may be vides research training to graduate, post• and an oral qualifying examination taken at waived for students who present evidence of doctoral, medical, and allied health sciences the end of the second year. (See the "Aca• equivalent preparation, although the limita• students. Graduate-level courses are pre• demic Policies and Procedures" section in tions on transfer of credit set by the Division sented covering the major subdisciplines this bulletin for further details.) of biochemistry, cell biology and molecular of Graduate Medical Sciences still pertain. biology by faculty with particular expertise The general rules and regulations in the in these areas. These advanced courses Division of Graduate Medical Sciences con• Dissertation Advisory Committee emphasize recent findings as well as rele• cerning graduate students are presented else• Candidates are expected to discuss their vant fundamental background information. where in this bulletin and should be research progress with a five-member Seminar programs within the department consulted. dissertation Advisory Committee annually, and in the surrounding biomedical commu• beginning in their first post-qualifying nity provide students with an opportunity to examination year. (See information in the "Academic Policies and Procedures" actively participate in discussions on the MA IN BIOCHEMISTRY most recent advances in the field of biomo• section) lecular sciences. A brochure describing the special interests Course Requirements Residency Requirements, of faculty members in the Department of Eight semester courses (32 credits); includ• Dissertation Examination Biochemistry may be obtained by writing to ing (1) general biochemistry (CMS BI 755 and Seminar the Chairman, Boston University School of and 756 or the equivalent); (2) two courses in See "Academic Policies and Procedures" Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, 80 advanced biochemistry or a related field (see section in this bulletin. East Concord Street, Boston, MA 02118 or listing below); (3) one biochemistry seminar by calling 617/638-4135. (CMS BI 854); and (4) a maximum of 16 credits in research. COURSES Requirements for Admission Students who have completed an under• Thesis or Comprehensive GMS BI 555. 556 Biochemistry A, B Prereq: graduate degree usually with a major in bio• Examination organic chemistry or equivalent, and consent of chemistry, biology, or chemistry and have Normally, all candidates submit a written instructor. This two-semester course provides taken courses in general biology, general the biochemical foundation for advanced stud• thesis based upon their laboratory research. chemistry, organic chemistry, physical ies in basic and clinical sciences. Topics pre• Under special circumstances a comprehen• chemistry, and calculus may apply for either sented in the first semester include the structure sive examination or a library thesis may be an MA or a PhD in biochemistry. Course- and function of macromolecules, the mecha• substituted for the research thesis at the dis• nisms of enzyme action, the metabolism of car• work in biochemistry is also recommended. cretion of the Committee on Graduate Stu• bohydrates and lipids, as well as bioenergetics. Students who have completed an MA degree dent Affairs. The second semester continues with the in biochemistry or a closely related field can metabolism of lipids, amino acids and nucleo• apply for a post-master's PhD. MD/PhD stu• tides, the control of metabolic processes, the dents are also eligible for admission. function of hormones, biochemical genetics, PhD IN BIOCHEMISTRY and transcriptional and translational events. A part-time MA program is available to Pilch, Fanner. 4 cr, 1st & 2nd sem. qualified applicants who are employees of the Boston University School of Medicine GMS BI 751 Biochemistry Prereq: consent Course Requirements for of instructor. Basic principles and concepts of (contact the director of Graduate Studies for Posthachelor's PhD graduate-level biochemistry in a one-semester further information). A student presently course. Instruction includes protein structure Sixteen semester courses (64 credits) includ• enrolled in an MA program in biochemistry and function; mechanisms of enzyme action; may apply for the PhD program if he/she has ing (1) general biochemistry (CMS BI 755 carbohydrate and lipid metabolism; bioener• completed 12 or more graduate credits in and 756 or the equivalent); (2) CMS MS 753 getics; metabolism of amino acids and nucleo• biochemistry (including CMS MS 753, BI Cell Biology; (3) a minimum of four courses tides; DNA and RNA synthesis, structure and function; and regulation of gene expression. 755, BI 756, and excluding student seminar) in advanced biochemistry or a related field; Berkowitz. 6 cr, 1st sem. and has obtained a CPA of 3.25 or better. In (4) one biochemistry seminar (CMS BI addition, the student must have taken and 854); and (5) research totaling approximately GMS BI 753 Biochemical Aspects of Clinical and Research Problems Prereq: GMS BI successfully passed the Written Qualifying 32 credits. 751, which must be taken concurrently, or con• Examination in biochemistry. Post-master's PhD and MD/PhD students sent of instructor. Presents biochemical aspects need to complete 32 credits including 12-16 of clinical case studies and laboratory research

— 19 — Department of Biochemistry

problems and technology in coordination with mation. Emphasis is also placed on relevant molecular mechanisms involved in regulation the concepts taught in GMS BI 751. Berkowitz. research techniques. Topics include structure of cell proliferation, differentiation, and devel• 2 cr, 1st sem. and function of nucleic acids, recombinant opment. Control of the cell cycle and regula• DNA research, molecular biology of impor• tion of the expression of differentiated function GMS BI 755, 756 General Biochemistry tant cellular processes, and regulation of gene are discussed. The role of extracellular growth Prereq: consent of instructor. The overall goal expression emphasizing control mechanisms factors and nuclear transcriptional regulatory of this two-semester course is to provide a in eukaryotic cells. Offered alternate years. proteins are explored. Students present and comprehensive in-depth view of the principles, Berkowitz, Farmer. 2 cr, 2nd sem. actively discuss recent primary research arti• concepts, and methodology underlying the cles. Offered alternate years. 2 cr, 1st sem. field of biochemistry. The first semester lec• GMS BI 783 Structure and Function of ture/session schedule is integrated with GMS Proteins Prereq (or may be taken simulta• GMS 81788 Enzyme Catalysis Prereq: CMS MS 753 Cell Biochemistry so students study neously): GMS BI 755 and 756 or equivalent BI 755, 756 or equivalent and consent of basic biochemical concepts within the context and consent of instructor. This course corre• instructor. Advanced aspects of chemical, ther• of the cell and its various compartments and lates the structure of proteins with their func• modynamic and kinetic principles of catalytic stages of cellular differentiation and growth. tion. It considers the universality of certain mechanisms. Topics include genetic, kinetic, Emphasis is placed on experimental approaches regions, such as zinc fingers, calcium binding and chemical methods of analysis of enzyme to the characterization of macromolecular and regions, DNA liganding sequences, in terms of mechanisms; transition state and mechanism- molecular structure function relationships and their three dimensional structure, and considers based inhibitors in the control of metabolic the regulation of gene expression. The second the effect of site specific mutations in these reactions; allosteric regulation; enzymes as semester concentrates on an in-depth discus• regions on the function of the protein con• chemotherapeutic targets in human disease. sion of specific classes of biological molecules, taining them. Apoproteins, apolipoproteins, Offered alternate years. Kagart. 2 cr, 2nd sem. their metabolism, and their cellular and organ• glycoproteins, structural proteins, and adhesion GMS BI 789 Physical Biochemistry Prereq: ismal roles. Foster, Brecher. 4 cr, 1 st and 2nd sem. molecules are used as examples of the correla• consent of instructor. Considers the role played tion between structure and function of these GMS BI 766 Techniques in Biochemistry by the universal biochemical solvent, water, in entities. Alternates with CMS BI789. Simons. cellular functions. The structure of water, its Not offered 1994/95 2 cr, 1st sem. role in protein or nucleic acid folding, as well as GMS BI 778 Mechanisms of Cardiovascular GMS BI 784 Lipid Biochemistry Not offered the part played by water or by its exclusion in Disease Not offered 1994/95 1994/95 biochemical reactions, forms the basis of the GMS BI 780 Control of Metabolic Processes course. The role of uncharged vs. charged sol• GMS BI 785 Steroid Biochemistry Not Prereq: GMS BI 755, 756 or equivalent and utes, and the effect of enclosure of aqueous offered 1994/95 consent of instructor. Detailed consideration of solutions of macromolecules in semipermeable metabolic pathways and major sites of meta• GMS BI 786 Biochemical Mechanisms of membranes (i.e., modeling of a cell, as well as of bolic regulation. Catalytic properties, cofac- Aging Prereq: consent of instructor. Current the protein solutions within it) are also consid• tors, and methods of regulation functioning in issues and key research advances in the under• ered. Simons, Bergethon. 2 cr, 1st sem. the pathways of intermediary metabolism are standing of the biochemical processes involved GMS BI 790 Receptors and Signal Transduc• studied. Topics include: carbohydrate and lipid in aging of mammals are discussed. Theories tion Prereq: CMS BI 755, 756 or equivalent metabolism, alternate pathways, photosynthe• on aging are analyzed, and age-related changes and consent of instructor. The goal of this sis, and amino acid metabolism. Offered alter• in gene structure and expression are presented. course is to provide an in-depth description of nate years. Brecher, Troxler. 2 cr, 2nd sem. Alterations in the function of the neuroendo• the molecular mechanisms of ligand-receptor crine and immune systems with aging are also GMS BI 781 Basic Pulmonary Science Not binding and signal transduction. Emphasis is discussed. Offered alternate years. Polgar. 2 cr, placed on the mechanism of action of hor• offered 1994/95 2nd sem. mones, neurotransmitters, and growth factors. GMS 81 782 Molecular Biology Prereq: GMS BI 787 Molecular Mechanisms of Individual components of receptor-induced CMS BI 755, 756 or equivalent and consent Growth and Development Prereq: CMS BI signaling pathways are investigated in detail of instructor. Advanced molecular biology 755, 756 or equivalent and consent of instruc• and integrated into models of cellular control. using the current literature as a source of infor• tor. Examines the most recent advances in the Relies heavily on current literature and student directed discussion. Offered alternate years. Pilch, Traish. 2 cr, 2nd seni.

GMS BI 851, 852 Special Topics in Biochemis• try Prereq: CMS BI 755, 756 or equivalent and consent of instructor. GMS Bi 854 Biochemistry Seminar Required for all first- and second-year post- bachelor's PhD biochemistry students and for all first-year MA, post-master's PhD, and MD/ PhD biochemistry students. Students present seminars on current topics in biochemistry. The emphasis of this course is on effective use of the biochemical literature and methods of improving oral presentations. Dobson. 2 cr, 2nd sem. (Register only in final semester of attendance.) GMS Bi 951 Research in Biochemistry Variable cr

Dr. Stephen Farmer collects data from a tissue culture experiment. DEPARTMENT OF BIOPHYSICS

Chairman Donald M. Small organelles, serum lipoproteins, adipose tis• biological rationale and techniques has Chairman, Student Affairs and Admissions sue, nerve and hrain tissue, and such patho• helped the medical profession understand Committee fames A. Hamilton logical deposits as atherosclerotic plaques, more fully the structure of the nuclear pore gallstones, Alzheimer's disease, and amyloid complex, receptor-ligand complexes, mem• plaques and abnormal lipoproteins. The brane structure, lipoprotein structure and, in Faculty techniques of modern cell hiology and bio• pathology, the structure of the lipid lesions of Christopher W. Akey, PhD, Assistant Professor chemistry and techniques used in structural atherosclerosis, gallstones, and abnormal hiology, particularly high resolution cry• lipoproteins. David Atkinson, PhD, Professor oelectron microscopy and image reconstruc• James A. Hamilton, PhD, Professor tion, protein and lipid X-ray diffraction, 2D Admission and classical NMR spectroscopy, are coupled G. Graham Shipley, PhD, DSc, Professor Students who have completed an undergrad• with classical physical chemical techniques uate degree usually with a major in the bio• Donald M. Small, MD, Professor such as microcalorimetry, circular dichroic logical, chemical, or physical sciences can and fluorescence spectroscopy, ultra-centrif- Mary T. Walsh, PhD, Assistant Professor enter either the MA program or the PhD ugation, and immunochemistry make it pos• program, depending on their achievements. Raphael A. Zoeller, PhD, Assistant Professor sible to study thermodynamic and kinetic Students with a master's degree can enter the processes as structure changes during func• PhD program. Students in the MD/PhD tion. Supporting these systems is a modern Joint Faculty program also qualify for admission. Post- computer laboratory for image analysis and MD students are eligible for the PhD degree Peter Brecher, PhD, Research Professor (Pro• reconstruction and molecular modeling. fessor of Biochemistry) program only. Classic and cryoelectron microscopy allow M. Carter Cornwall PhD, Research Professor the determination of the structures of mac• (Professor of Physiology) romolecular complexes down to 10 to 20 A Course Requirements resolution, whereas X-ray crystallography For the MA program, graduates with Paul F. Pilch, PhD, Research Professor (Pro• and 2D NMR allow structures of the com• fessor of Biochemistry) degrees in the biological or physical sciences ponents to he determined at atomic resolu• will complete 32 credits of coursework Elizabeth R. Simons, PhD, Research Professor tion. Applying biophysical and structural including the required course CMS BY 771 (Professor of Biochemistry)

The Graduate Program The Department of Biophysics at the School of Medicine offers an MA/PhD program in biophysics. The program seeks students with backgrounds in the life and basic sciences. Particular emphasis is placed on students with undergraduate training in the biologi• cal or chemical sciences, with the aim of training them in modern biophysical approaches and methodologies that empha• size structural hiology. The research interests of the faculty of the Department of Biophysics range from cell and structural hiology to traditional physical chemical studies of small and macro-mole• cules. Of particular interest is the study of the three-dimensional structure of proteins, lipids, and complex carbohydrates and their function in cellular membranes, cellular Department of Biophysics

Biophysics of the Macromolecular Assem• Microbiology 5. The candidate submits a written thesis blies. A written thesis summarizing research GMS MI 513 Basic Immunology describing original research and demonstra• carried out under the direction of a member GMS MI 718 Virology ting an ability for independent creative scholarship. of the Biophysics Program faculty will com• Physiology plete the requirements. GMS PH 843 Cellular Physiology I 6. The candidate defends his or her thesis at For the PhD program, students will com• GMS PH 844 Cellular Physiology 11 a final oral examination. The student must plete 64 credits of coursework, including the demonstrate mastery of the chosen field of Biology required courses GMS BY 771 Biophysics of specialization and show that the research CLA BI 552 Molecular Biology I Macromolecular Assemblies and GMS BY contributes significantly to the body of sci• CLA BI 553 Molecular Biology II 871, 872 Biophysics Seminar. Students with entific knowledge. The oral examination is GRS BI 645 Neurobiology conducted hy a committee composed of at a strong background in the biological sci• GRS BI 650 Biophysics ences will take courses designed to improve GRS BI 711 Biological Transport least five members of the Division faculty. In their knowledge of the biophysical sciences. Mechanisms some cases, at the discretion of the Dean of Post-master's degree students will complete Graduate Medical Sciences, one of the five Chemistry 32 course credits. The PhD program will committee members may he appointed from GRS CH 551 Chemical Dynamics also he available to qualified MD/PhD stu• outside the graduate faculty of Boston GRS CH 553, Molecular Structure dents after completion of two preclinical University. 554 Determination years of medical school. All students will GRSCH 651, Molecular Quantum Mechanics submit a written thesis describing their 652 research carried out under the direction of a GRS CH 722 Protein Chemistry COURSES member of the Biophysics Program faculty. GRS CH 723 Physical Chemistry of Biological Macromolecules GMS BY 771 Biophysics of Macromolecular GRS CH 724 Special Topics in Biochemistry Assemblies Prereq: MFD MF 763, GRS CH GRS CH 751 Advanced Topics in Physical CURRICULUM 713, CLA CH 535, CH 536, or MFD MF 751, Chemistry and consent of instructor. Advanced course. Assembly of hiomacromolecules, their struc• Physics ture and stabilizing forces; biological function GRS PY 771 Biophysics Required Courses as related to structure, with examples drawn GRS PY 897, Special Topics in Fxperimental The course curriculum consists of the fol• from assemblies of proteins, lipids, lipoprotein 898 Physics lowing required core didactic courses, plus systems, and membranes. Atkinson, Shipley, supplementary courses selected from the fol• Small.\st sem. lowing list of graduate school courses: Language Requirements GMS BY 772 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance GMS BY 771 Biophysics of Macromolecular The candidate must complete a written or Spectroscopy In Biology and Biochemistry Assemblies (4 cr) oral examination in French or German. In Prereq: consent of instructor. An introduction GMS BY 871, Biophysics Seminar (2 cr) special cases, the candidate may substitute to the basic theory and the fundamental mea• 872 another language. surements of NMR spectroscopy using the GMS BY 945, iUsearch in Department of predominant biological nuclei, IH, 2H, 13C, 946 Biophysics and 31P, and applications to structure and Graduation Requirements metabolism; NMR studies of pathological pro• 1. All candidates must pass a comprehen• cesses and NMR imaging. Hamilton. 2 cr, 2nd sem. Elective Courses sive/ qualifying examination hy the end of their second year in the program. The exam• GMS BY 774 Metabolism and Cellular Biophysics ination will consist of both written and oral Function of Complex Lipids Prereq: consent GMS BY 772 NMR Spectroscopy in Biology parts. of instructor. In-depth description of selected areas of lipid nietaholism. Fmphasis on func• and Biochemistry 2. The student must achieve passing grades GMS BY 774 Metabolism and Cellular tional roles of specific lipid species in cellular in the required courses and maintain a B Functions of Complex Lipids processes (e.g., cell activation, protein transport average in all courses. and function). Use of timely articles to discuss Medical and Dental Sciences 3. The candidate must pass a language newly developed techniques and concepts. GMS MS 703 Neuroscience examination. Zoeller. 2 cr, 2nd sem. GMS MS 753 Cell Biology 4. During the first year, students meet with GMS BY 871, 872 Biophysics Seminar A individual faculty members of the Biophysics program combining seminars by the faculty, Biochemistry Program and perform laboratory research student presentations of current research, and GMS BI 555 Biochemistry A rotations with program faculty. The student in-depth research lectures by visiting scientists. GMS BI 556 Biochemistry B Small. 2 cr, 1st & 2nd seni. GMS BI 751 Biochemistry must select a PhD research topic and GMS BI 782 Molecular Biology research advisor hy the end of his or her first GMS BY 945, 946 Research Biophysics GMS BI 763 Structure and Function of year in the program. Thesis research must he Variable cr Proteins conducted under the guidance of the GMS BI 766 Techniques in Biochemistry research advisor who is a member of the Bio• GMSBI 851, Special Topics in Biochemistry physics Program faculty. In consultation 852 with the advisor, the student selects a com• GMS BI 789 Physical Biochemistry mittee of four faculty members to act as a GMS BI 790 Receptors and Signal Transduction thesis committee.

— 22 — DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY

Chairman Ronald B. Corley Programs of Study and carcinogenesis, mechanisms of eukaryo• Director of Graduate Studies Ann Marshak- The Department of Microbiology of the tic cell injury, regulation of gene expression Rothstein Boston University School of Medicine offers in pathogenic and sporulating bacteria, PhD and MA programs in the fields of cell mechanisms of drug resistance in bacteria, and molecular hiology, bacteriology, virol• protein structure/function analysis, patho• Faculty ogy, immunology, and tumor cell hiology. genesis of acquired immune deficiency syn• Paul H. Black, MD, Professor Students in the graduate program participate drome, regulation of humoral and cell in formal coursework, seminars, and mediated immunity, dysregulation of lym• Selwyn A. Broltman, PhD, Professor directed research. Participant may also take phocyte function in autoimmunity, signal ilh-Nan (George) Chou, PhD, Professor courses within other basic science depart• transduction and gene expression in lym• ments of the Medical School as well as at phocytes, interactions between the neuroen• Ronald B. Corley, PhD, Professor Boston University's Charles River Campus. docrine and immune systems. Susan H. Fisher, PhD, Associate Professor Students are also encouraged to attend addi• tional seminars and classes offered hy the Eva R. Kashket, PhD, Professor universities in the Boston area. IMMUNOLOGY TRAINING Herbert Z. Kupchik, PhD, Professor The research interests of the faculty in PROGRAM Elinor M. Levy, PhD, Associate Professor the Department of Microbiology range from studies of bacteriology, virology, and Several members of the Department of Ann Marshak-Rothstein, PhD, Professor immunology to those of gene expression and Microbiology participate with faculty in the Frederick L. Moolten, PhD, Associate function. PhD training is available in micro• Departments of Pathology, Biochemistry, Professor biology and through the interdepartmental and Medicine in an Interdepartmental program in immunology. Specific research Glen B. Zamansky, PhD, Associate Professor Immunology Training Crant Program. The areas include: eukaryotic cell growth control program consists of training both pre- and post-doctoral students. Pre-doctoral students Joint Faculty are prepared for a career in immunological Robert D. Arbeit, MD, Associate Professor research and teaching through formal (Associate Professor of Medicine) coursework, seminars, and laboratory research. David I. Beller, PhD, Associate Research Pro• fessor (Associate Research Professor of Medicine) Conventional Microbiology Track

Donald E. Craven, MD, Professor (Professor Required Courses of Medicine) GMS BI 753^ Cell Biology*, 4 cr Douglas T. Goienbock, MD, Assistant Profes• GMS BI 755 / General Biochemistry I, 4 cr sor (Assistant Professor of Medicine) GMSBI 756 / General Biochemistry II, 4 cr CLA AH 520 Microbiology, 4 cr Stuart M. Levltz, MD, Associate Professor GMS MI 513 Basic Immunology*, 4 cr (Associate Professor of Medicine) GMS MI 518 Virology, 4 cr Joel Maslow, MD, Assistant Professor (Assis• GMS MI 714 Genetics ofMicroorganisms, 4 cr tant Professor of Medicine) GMS MI 812 Microbiology Seminar, 2 cr GMS MI 911, Research, var cr John R. Murphy, PhD, Research Professor 912 (Research Professor of Medicine) Seminars in Ethics in Biomedical Research Peter A. Rice, MD, Associate Professor (Asso• ciate Professor of Medicine) •Either GMS MI 513 or GMS MI 753 are Thomas L. Rothstein, MD, PhD, Professor required. (Professor of Medicine) Dr. Eva Kashket and graduate student Hul Zhou examine the alcohol produced by Chostridium (using a gas chromatograph).

— 23 — Department of Microbiology

GMS Ml 518 Virology and Parasitology Prereq: consent of instructor. The structure, replicative cycles, human immune response, and pathogenesis of medically important viruses and parasites are presented. Zamansky, staff. 2nd sem. GMS Ml 71! Microbiology Prereq: consent of instructor. A medical microbiology course consisting of a brief introduction to bacterial physiology, bacterial genetics, and principles of immunology; a survey of medically important bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses. A clinical perspective is offered hy infectious disease spe• cialists. Kupchik. 6 cr, 1st sem.

GMS Ml 714 Genetics of Microorganisms Prereq: biochemistry and consent of instructor. Genetics and biochemical methodology for studying control of gene expression. Theory of operon and regulatory genes. Genetic transfer of chromosomal DNA and plasmids hy conju• gation, transformation, and transduction. Use of recombinant DNA technology to study gene expression. Fisher. 2nd sem.

GMS Ml 715 Advanced Immunology—Cellu• lar Aspects Prereq: consent of instructor. Analysis of the roles played hy T and B lympho• cytes and hy antigen-presenting cells, in the development of the immune response, with emphasis on the in-class discussion of primary research papers. Marshak-Rothstein. 2nd sem. GMS Ml 716 Bacterial Physiology Prereq: consent of instructor. Advanced topics in microbial physiology, bioenergetics, and mem• brane function and regulation. Seminar for• mat. Kashket. 1st sem. Dr. David Panka and graduate student Padma Channavajhala analyze changes in gene expression in lymphocyte subsets by RT-PCR. GMS Ml 717 Growth Control and Cell Trans• formation Prereq: one biochemistry course Elective Courses Elective Courses or consent of instructor. Lectures and student presentation of topics in: growth of animal cells Choose three of the following: Choose eight credits of the following: in culture, serum and other growth factors, GMS MI 715 Advanced Immunology— GMS BI 782 Molecular Biology, 4 cr oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, Cellular Aspects, 2 cr GMS BI 852 Special Topics in Biochemistry, cytoskeleton, mechanisms of growth regula• CMS MI 716 Bacterial Physiology, 4 cr 2cr tion, cellular and molecular basis of transfor• GMS MI 717 Growth Control and Cell GMS MI 717 Growth Control and Cell mation and the biochemistry of transformed Transformation, 4 cr Transformation, 4 cr cells, biological response modifiers, tumorige- GMS MI 718 Advanced Virology, 4 cr GMS MI 718 Advanced Virology, 4 cr nicity, multiple drug resistance, and metastasis. GMS PA 726 Host Defenses in Pathogenesis, GMS MS 753 Cell Biology, 4 cr Chou. 1st sem. 2cr GMS PA 823 Special Topics in Pathology, 2 cr GMS PH 843 Cellular Physiology, 4 cr GMS Ml 718 Virology Prereq: consent of SPH EB 702 Biostatistics—Introduction to instructor. Current topics in virology are dis• cussed. An emphasis is placed on the molecular Immunology/Microbiology Track Statistical Computing, 2 cr mechanisms hy which viral gene transcription SPH EB 703 Intermediate Biostatistics, 3 cr Required Courses is regulated. Black, Zamansky. 2nd sem. GMS BI 755 General Biochemistry I, 4 cr GMS Ml 719 Clinical Microbiology Not GMS BI 756 General Biochemistry II, 4 cr offered 1994/95 GMS MI 511 Microbiology, 4 cr COURSES GMS MI 513 Basic Immunology, 4 cr GMS Ml 812 Microbiology Seminar Presen• GMS MI 518 Virology (recommended), 4 cr tation and discussion of problems of current GMS MI 714 Genetics ofMicroorganisms, 4 cr GMS Ml 5II Medical Microbiology Prereq: interest. Kupchik. 2 cr, 2nd sem. consent of instructor. Introduction to the GMS MI 715 Advanced Immunology— GMS Ml 813 Immunobiology of Cancer Not structure, physiology, genetics, and mecha• Cellular Aspects, 2 cr offered 1994/95 nisms of disease production by bacteria and GMS MI 812 Microbiology Seminar, 2 cr fungi of medical importance. Introduction to GMS Mi 814 Radiation Biology Not offered GMS MI 911 Research, var cr virology. Three lectures and three hours of lab 1994/95 GMS PA 725 Advanced Immunology — per week. Kashct, staff. 1st sem. Molecular Aspects, 2 cr GMSMi9i 1,912 Research Microbiology Seminars in Ethics in Biomedical Research GMS Ml 513 Basicimmunology Prereq: Variable cr consent of instructor. Introduction to immu• nologic principles and applications. Levy. 1st sem.

— 24 — DEPARTMENT OF PATHOLOGY AND LABORATORY MEDICINE

Chairman Leonard S. Gottleib Shyr-Te Ju, PhD, Associate Research Profes• ciples with knowledge of pathophysiology in Associate Chairman and Director of sor (Medicine) humans and laboratory animals is a major Graduate Studies Adrianne E. Rogers Thomas L. Kemper, MD, Professor goal of the training program and is achieved (Neurology) hy the close affiliations with the pathology departments at Boston City Hospital and Faculty Hardy Kornfeld, MD, Associate Professor University Hospital (Mallory Institute of (Medicine) Charles F. Arkin, MD, Professor Pathology) and Boston Veterans Administra• Ann Marshak-Rothstein, PhD, Professor tion Medical Center. Jan K. Blusztajn, PhD, Associate Professor (Microbiology) Understanding the predisposing factors Steve Bogen, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor Aubrey Milunsky, MD, Professor (Pediatrics) and pathological processes leading to disease, Nancy L. R. Bucher, MD, Research Professor at the molecular, cellular, organ, and whole David J. Salant, MD, Professor (Medicine) body levels, should ultimately lead to better Bohdana F. Burke, MD, Assistant Professor David H. Sherr, PhD, Professor (Environmen• strategies for prevention and therapy of dis• Thomas Christensen, PhD, Associate tal Health) ease. For example, areas of great interest in Professor current research are the mechanisms that Alfred 1. Tauber, MD, Professor (Medicine) underlie normal development and develop• Leonard S. Gottleib, MD, Professor ment of cancer and degenerative diseases, the John Hayes, MD, PhD, Professor Programs of Study workings of the immune system in defense The Department of Pathology and Labora• against disease, and the genetic bases of David Larson, PhD, Assistant Professor tory Medicine offers a doctoral program in many diseases. Richard Mandel, PhD, Associate Professor pathology and also in a pathology-immunol• The research interests of the faculty ogy track for students with a strong interest Mary J. Murnane, PhD, Associate Professor include the following: mechanisms of chem• in immunology. The doctoral program is ical carcinogenesis and mutagenesis and of Michael J. O'Brien, MD, Professor broadly based, offers research training in tumor cell responses to drugs; molecular and both clinical and basic investigations of dis• Adrianne E. Rogers, MD, Professor cellular immunology, including structure- ease and encourages students to integrate the function analysis and engineering of model Hugues J.-P. Ryser, MD, Professor two areas where appropriate in their doctoral and therapeutic antibodies and T cell recep• research. Integration of basic research prin• Lucia Schuger, MD, Assistant Professor tors, characterization and study of factors

Jacqueline Sharon, PhD, Professor

Joseph J. YItale, ScD, Professor

Joint Faculty

David I. Beller, PhD, Associate Research Professor (Medicine)

Selwyn A. Broitman, PhD, Professor (Microbiology)

Ilh-Nan (George) Chou, PhD, Professor (Microbiology)

Douglas V. Faller, MD, PhD, Professor (Medicine)

Patricia L. Foster, PhD, Assistant Professor (Environmental Health)

Thomas F. Freddo, PhD, Associate Professor (Ophthalmology)

Drs. Leonard Gottleib and Adrianne Rogers discuss curriculum.

— 25 — Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

that determine lymphocyte migration and activity and immunotoxicology; human somatic cell, molecular and cancer genetics; cancer of the gastrointestinal tract; nutri• tional effects on toxicity and carcinogenicity of chemicals; mechanisms of cell signalling; roles of growth factors and extracellular matrix in growth and differentiation of tis• sues; neurochemistry; pathogenesis of ath• erosclerotic and other vascular diseases; ophthalmological diseases; and development of animal models of human disease. Methods of investigation, in addition to morphologic procedures used in classical pathology and ultrastructural studies, include culture and study of bacterial and mammalian cells and tissues; biochemical and molecular analyses of cell constituents; recombinant DNA tech• nologies; immunological manipulation of animals; immunological and other methods for identification of cell components and of genetic and other biological markers.

Curriculum and Requirements for the PhD Degree The curriculum comprises study in formal courses and laboratory experience extending over one to two years, followed hy a compre• hensive written and oral qualifying exami• nation, taken within one semester after completion of required coursework. Within the following year a proposal for dissertation methods. Offered alternate years. Sharon. 2 cr, research is prepared and presented to the stu• COURSES 2nd sem. dent's individual dissertation committee. GMS PA 703 Host Defenses in Pathogenesis: The research is then performed under the GMS PA 500 Introduction to Pathology Infectious Disease and Neoplasia Prereq: guidance of the major advisor with the help Lectures and discussion sessions presenting the microbiology, MLD ML 511, or equivalent, and advice of the committee over the ensu• basic morphologic and functional changes of and consent of instructor. Host defense mecha• ing one or more years. Ultimately the stu• major disease processes: cell injury and death, nisms in infectious diseases and neoplasia and dent writes and defends a dissertation based inflammation, cell and tissue response to basic chemotherapeutic approaches to these upon the research performed. microbial organisms, atherosclerosis, cancer, diseases are considered in lectures and class dis• etc. Pathology faculty. 4 cr, 2nd sem. cussions. The role of nutrition in both patho• The required courses are listed in the table genesis of and protection against these disease is below. The track chosen (pathology or GMS PA 700 Basic and Experimental Pathol• presented. Broitman. 2 cr, 2nd sem. pathology-immunology) and the degree ogy Prereq: MLD ML 755, 756 or equiva• lent, and status of PhD candidate or higher. GMS PA 800 Pathology Seminar Weekly program (PhD or MD/PhD) determine the Basic principles of pathology and immunology research seminar presented by faculty, students, specific curriculum. Laboratory rotations are are presented through lectures. Related and guests. Blusztajn, Murnane. 2 cr, 1st & performed as early as possible in the course of research articles and basic histology are dis• 2nd sem. studies to: (1) acquaint the students with cussed in small group sessions that complement GMS PA 801 Special Topics in Pathology research opportunities in the program; (2) the lectures. Note: The immunology require• Detailed examination of one specific area of ment is satisfied prior to registration by the teach a variety of approaches to research; (3) research each term, presented in readings, dis• medical immunology lecture series and exami• teach specific research methods; and (4) per• cussions, and lectures. Presents significant nation (2nd sem.), or an equivalency examina• background information, current knowledge, mit choice of an area for dissertation tion offered by the instructor, or MLD ML research approaches, and laboratory methodol• research. Rotations can he taken in the sum• 513. Sharon. 6 cr, 1st sem. ogy in each area. Pathology faculty. 2 cr, 1st & mer before beginning formal coursework, GMS PA 701 Advanced immunology—Molec• 2nd sem. during the first year of study, or the follow• ular Aspects Prereq: MLD ML 755,756 or ing summer. The dissertation research advi• equivalent. An examination of molecules of sor should he chosen and preliminary work immunological interest through discussion of Directed Study or Research in the area of research begun early in the sec• research articles and occasional lectures. Topics GMS PA 900 Laboratory Rotations in ond year of study. include gene structure, control of gene expres• Pathology sion, and the structure-function relationship of these molecules. Lmphasis is placed on the use GMS PA 901 Research in Pathology of recombinant DNA and immunological

— 26 — Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Graduate School Course Requirements for PhD and MD/PhD Students

Course Credit PhD Students MD/PhD Students

Pathology Pathology- Pathology Pathology- Track immunology Track Immunology Track Track

General Biochemistry I and II 8 required' required fulfilled by medic;i l school courses

Basic and Experimental Pathology 6 required required Biostatistics—Introduction to Statistical 4 required required required required Computing or Intermediate Biostatistics Special Topics/Pathology 2 required'^ required" required- required*

Basic Immunology 4 required fulfilled by medical school courses Advanced Immunology—Molecular 2 elective required elective required Aspects Advanced Immunology—Cellular Aspects 4 required required Pathology Seminar 2 required^ required-* required* required*

Pathology Laboratory Rotations 2 per required'* required'* required'* required'* rotation

Pathology Research variable required required required required Seminars in Ethics in Biomedical Research — required'' required" required* required" Human Genetics 4 elective elective Cell Biology 4 elective elective elective elective Nucleic Acids 4 elective elective elective elective Pathobiochemistry 2 elective elective Special Topics/Biochemistry 2 elective elective Growth Control and Cell Transformation 4 elective elective Advanced Virology 4 elective elective Genetics of Microorganisms 4 elective elective Cellular Physiology 2 elective elective

' GMS BI 555 and BI 556 (Biochemistry A and B, each 4 credits) can be substituted. J The Special Topics course is required in three of the first four semesters in the conventional track and for one semester in the immunology track. -* Attendance at departmental seminars is required through all terms of study and research. J Three rotations for PhD students and two rotations for MD/PhD students. ' Presented by the Medical Center and the Division of Graduate Medical Sciences.

— 27 — DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS

Chairman David H. Farb S. Alex Mitsialis, PhD, Assistant Research Pro• SIrir K. Sengupta, PhD, Associate Research fessor (Assistant Professor ot Medicine) Professor (Associate Research Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology) Faculty Susan P. Perrine, MD, Professor (Professor of Pediatrics) Cassandra L. Smith, PhD, Professor (Professor Mark Alexander, PhD, Assistant Professor of Biomedical Engineering) Hugues J.-P. Ryser, MD, Professor (Professor Norman D. Boyd, PhD, Associate Professor of Pathology) Temple F. Smith, PhD, Professor (Professor of Biomedical Engineering) J. Worth Estes, MD, Professor

David H. Farb, PhD, Professor

Terrell T. Gibbs, PhD, Assistant Professor

Tohru Ikuta, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor

Kevin A. Jarre!!, PhD, Assistant Professor

Conan Kornetsky, PhD, Professor

Susan E. Leeman, PhD, Professor

Ruth R. Levine, PhD, Professor Emerita (Uni• versity l^rofessor)

Isabelle M. Mintz, PhD, Assistant Professor

L. Bruce Pearce, PhD, Assistant Professor

Edward W. Pelikan, MD, Professor

SheUey ). Kussek, PhD, Instructor

Ladislav Volicer, MD, PhD, Professor

Carol T. Walsh, PhD, Associate Professor

Joint Appointments

Thomas R. Browne, III, MD, Associate Profes• sor (Professor of Neurology)

Charles R. Cantor, PhD, Professor (Professor of Biomedical Engineering)

Alan S. Cohen, MD, Professor (Professor of Medicine)

Robert G. Feldman, MD, Professor (Professor of Neurology)

Gladys Friedler, PhD, Associate Professor (Associate Professor of Psychiatry)

Benjamin Gerson, MD, Professor (Professor of Pathology)

Judith K. Marquis, PhD, Adjunct Associate Professor (Director, Preclinical Development, Procept, Inc.) Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics

general and advanced pharmacology covered Carl E. Rosow, MD, PhD, Adjunct Associate are required for applicants to the MD/PhD in the courses taken by the student. Students Professor (Associate Professor of Anesthesia, program. Admissions and other matters are urged to complete the comprehensive Harvard Medical School) relating to graduate programs are reviewed examination by the end of the second cur- by the Graduate Education Committee of Steven M. Paul, MD, Adjunct Professor (Vice ricular year. President for CNS Research and Clinical the department. Investigation, Lilly Research Laboratories)

W. Mark Yogel, PhD, Adjunct Associate Research Assignment PHD DEGREE PROGRAI^ Professor (Research Scientist, Hoffman- As soon after admission into the program as LaRoche, Inc.) possible, students should choose an area of research interest and select an appropriate Curriculum faculty member as supervisor of their Programs of Study The curriculum for PhD candidates is research training. The chairman of the The Department of Pharmacology and , designed to provide a broad-based founda• Graduate Education Committee serves as Experimental Therapeutics at Boston Uni• tion in pharmacology, as well as flexible advisor until a research supervisor is selected. versity School of Medicine offers graduate opportunities to individually tailor a pro• During the first year of study, students who training programs that lead to the MA, PhD gram that meets the individual student's have not chosen a research area should famil• and MD/PhD degrees in pharmacology. background and research interests. Students iarize themselves with research projects of The training program is directed toward are expected to consult with their advisors the faculty through laboratory rotations. preparing students for future careers in phar• to plan a sequence of coursework that best macologic research in academic, industrial, suits their needs. Specific departmental and governmental settings. Advanced requirements include regular attendance at research in pharmacology requires an under• MA DEGREE PROGRAM departmental seminars and the satisfactory standing of the principles of a broad range of completion of four advanced courses (800- disciplines. Tbe curriculum encompasses the level courses). A minimum of twenty-six interdisciplinary nature of this field and pre• Curriculum credits of formal coursework is required of pares students to study chemical interactions MA candidates are required to take GMS BI all PhD candidates. Courses offered by other with biological systems on multiple levels, 755, 756 General Biochemistry I and 11, departments of Boston University may be from tbe behavior of atoms in macromole• GMS BI 753 Cell Biology, and GMS PM substituted for advanced Department of cules to tbe effect of molecules on tbe behav• 700 Molecular Neurobiology and Pharma• Pharmacology courses with the permission ior of organisms. A major focus of research cology. Students may elect to take GMS PH of the student's advisor and the Graduate training is in areas of molecular, cellular, and 740 Physiology and GMS PM 720 General Education Committee. Students concentrat• behavioral neuroscience. Newly renovated Medical Pharmacology rather than Molecu• ing in Biomolecular Pharmacology are espe• and expanded research facilities provide stu• lar Neurobiology and Pharmacology. In cially encouraged to consider curricular dents with state-of-the-art opportunities for addition, students are required to attend offerings of the Department of Biochemis• training in molecular genetics, molecular departmental seminars and to satisfactorily try, Biophysics, and the College of Biomedi• modeling, electrophysiology, biophysical complete two advanced courses offered by cal Engineering. methods, psychophysical methods, and other the department (800 level courses, see Most PhD candidates enroll in basic tools for elucidating the interaction of drugs below). The Graduate Education Commit• courses in biochemistry, cell biology, neuro• with biological targets. Current research tee considers written requests from students science, biostatistics, physiology, and phar• projects include: gene therapy; functional to substitute or place out of courses. MA macology (700 level). Usually, the specific and structural mapping of receptors; regula• candidates who already possess a doctoral- courses for a specialization in Neuropharma• tion of receptor gene expression; theoretical level degree (e.g., the MD) should plan cur• cology include GMS PM 755, 756 General analysis of ligand binding; computer-based ricula suited to their needs in consultation Biochemistry I and II, GMS PM 753 Cell structure analysis; neurotransmitter release with their advisors and the Graduate Educa• Biology, GMS PM 703 Neuroscience, and mechanisms; transcriptional regulation of tion Committee. After satisfactory comple• GMS PM 700 Molecular Neurobiology and gene expression in development and aging; tion of the first-year curriculum with a CPA Pharmacology. Students are also encouraged peptides in neuroendocrine and inflamma• of B (3.0) or higher, an MA candidate may to register for a course in biostatistics such as tory processes; excitotoxicity in aging and submit a request for transfer into the PhD SPH EB 700 Beginning Statistics or CLA disease; protein engineering of microbial program to the Graduate Education MA 614 Statistical Methods 11. These toxins; neural substrates of drug abuse and Committee. courses provide both the necessary back• analgesia; ribozyme mechanisms and func• ground study in the basic sciences and an tion; and optical imaging of synaptic introduction to the discipline of pharmacol• activity. Thesis or Comprehensive Examination ogy. This subject matter is generally a pre• requisite to more in-depth study in the The MA degree requirements include advanced courses listed below. For MD/PhD Admission Procedures either: (1) A thesis prepared under the super• candidates this introductory sequence is sati• The procedures for admission to the gradu• vision of first and second readers or, (2) A sfied by the first and second year medical cur• ate programs in pharmacology are described comprehensive written and oral examina• riculum; students are encouraged however in the section of this bulletin on admissions tion. The written portion requires the stu• procedures of the Division of Graduate dent to prepare a critical synthesis of the to take GMS PM 700 Molecular Neurobiol• Medical Sciences. Interviews are encouraged research literature on a pharmacological sub• ogy and Pharmacology. MD/PhD students for applicants to the MA/PhD programs and ject. The oral portion of the exam covers the are required to take three advanced (800-

— 29 — Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics

level) courses. Students enrolled in the PhD the PhD candidate arranges for the formal macologic basis of drug action in the central program in pharmacology are expected to dissertation defense, which begins with a nervous system, stressing aspects of behavioral pharmacology and problems of drug addiction. maintain a GPA of B (3.0) or higher. seminar presentation and is followed hy a Kornetsky. 2 cr, 1st sem. discussion of the work with the committee members. GMS PM 830 Principles of Pharmacokinet• Qualifying Examination ics Prereq: consent of instructor. Lectures The qualifying examination for PhD candi• and discussion on basic factors determining dates consists of a written and oral examina• absorption, distribution, biotransformation, tion. Students are expected to take the COURSES and excretion of drugs. Includes methods of qualifying exam no later than the end of the analysis and interpretation of pharmacokinetic data. Walsh. 2 cr, 2nd sem. third curricular year. Preparation for the GMS PM 700 Molecular Neurobiology and examination should he made in close consul• Pharmacology Prereq: consent of instructor. GMS PM 840 Neuroendocrine Pharmacol• tation with the candidate's advisor, the four Examines a spectrum of topics ranging from ogy Prereq: consent of instructor. Covers the other members of the examining committee, the regulation of gene expression in the ner• basic principles of neuroendocrinology with vous system to the structure and function of special emphasis on pharmacologic aspects. and the committee chairman. The written receptors and ion channels. Emphasis is placed Topics include the biochemistry, physiology, portion of the qualifying examination tests a on theoretical foundations of pharmacological and pharmacology of the neural hormones student's understanding of the fundamental methods in neurobiology. Farb, staff. 4 cr, 2nd which regulate anterior and posterior pituitary principles of pharmacology and covers sub• sem. function, as well as selected other peptides such ject matter presented in the recommended as substance P, neurotensin, and some cyto• GMS PM 710 Laboratory Techniques In Mod• kines. Leeman. 2 cr, 1st sem. curriculum for PhD students. The oral ern Pharmacology Prereq: consent of examination, usually taken within two instructor. Supervised laboratory rotation GMS PM 850 Biochemical Aspects of weeks of passing the written, is designed to emphasizing modern research techniques in Neurotransmitters and Chemical Mediators assess the student's ability to synthesize and molecular, cellular, and behavioral pharmacol• Prereq: consent of instructor. Lectures and correlate information, develop hypotheses ogy. Problems of collection, summary, and discussions on biosynthesis, inactivation, interpretation of data are addressed. Farb, staff. 2 receptors, and signaling mechanisms of and design experiments to solve research- cr, either sem. neurotransmitters and chemical mediators related problems in the pharmacological including acetylcholine, catecholamines, GMS PM 720 General Medical Pharmacol• sciences. purines, peptides, prostaglandins, histamines, ogy Prereq: GMS BI 751, GMS PH 740, and other autacoids. Pearce. 2 cr, 2nd sem. GMS MS 703 or equivalent, and consent of Dissertation instructor. Pharmacologic principles and prop• GMS PM 860 Principles of Chemical Toxicol• ogy Prereq: consent of instructor. Lectures Each PhD candidate chooses a Boston erties of chemical agents of interest to human medicine are presented in lectures and work• and discussions of events occurring at the University faculty member as advisor for the shops. Lectures provide a complete survey of molecular level when toxic compunds interact dissertation project, preferably before the drug classes affecting organ systems such as the with living organisms, including the uptake, second curricular year. The student and nervous system, as well as antimicrobial and distribution, biotransformation, sites of action, advisor designate a five-person dissertation cancer chemotherapeutic agents. Workshops and excretion of toxicants; a "first" course in committee (which includes the advisor) with emphasize interpretation of pharmacologic toxicology that builds on basic biochemical the approval of the department chairman. At data and patient-oriented problem solving. knowledge. Walsh. 2 cr, 2nd sem. Walsh, staff. 8 cr, 1st sem. least three members of the committee must GMS PM 870 Clinical Pharmacology Prereq: have primary appointments in the depart• GMS PM 730 Introduction to Medical Phar• GMS PM 720. Lecures and discussions on the ment. The committee must include at least macology Prereq: Premedical courses in the properties of drugs in humans with emphasis one member from outside the department sciences. Principles of pharmacology are cov• on therapeutic applications. Special attention ered and several major classes of therapeutic to problems in drug therapy and clinical stud• or Boston University. PhD candidates are agents, with attention to their mechanisms of ies. Estes, staff. 2 cr, 2nd sem. expected to prepare a ten-page progress action. Issues of current and future concern in GMS PM 880 Gene Regulation and Pharma• report and thesis proposal on the dissertation medical pharmacology are addressed including cology Prereq: consent of instructor. Focuses project and present a departmental seminar problems of drug abuse, the ethics of human on fundamental aspects on gene control with experimentation, the pricing of new drugs, approximately one year before the disserta• emphasis on the dual role of RNA as both an tion defense. Following the seminar, the stu• and new biotechnological approaches to drug informational and a catalytic molecule. Topics dent meets with committee members to design and development. Walsh, Staff. 4 cr, range from discussions of gene transcription 1st sem. discuss the research progress. and RNA splicing, to discussions of ribozymes as therapeutic agents. The relevance of these The PhD candidate prepares a dissertation GMS PM 800 Advanced General Pharmacol• ogy Prereq: consent of instructor. Lectures topics to the understanding, and potential treat• that documents the accomplishment of orig• and discussions on the major classes of pharma• ment, of disorders that result from altered pat• inal independent research of significance to cologic agents, with special attention to molec• terns of gene expression is stressed. Jarrell, staff. the pharmacological sciences. The research ular, cellular, and physiological mechanisms of 2 cr, 1st sem. therapeutic effects. Walsh, staff. 2 cr, 1st sem. is expected to meet publication standards of GMS PM 890 Seminar In Pharmacology and peer-reviewed journals in the candidate's GMS PM 810 Current Topics in Pharmacologi• Society Prereq: consent of instructor. Case area of specialization. A draft of the disserta• cal Sciences Prereq: consent of instructor. histories in pharmacology and medicine and in tion, approved hy the advisor, is submitted to Given in conjunction with the weekly seminar social aspects of drug use and abuse, to provide the second reader and, after revision, to all program of the department. Students present insight into causes and consequences of past and and discuss research papers with the visiting future changes and problems in pharmacology committee members. A committee meeting scientist working on the cutting edge of phar• and medicine. Estes. 2 cr, 1st sem. with the student is held no sooner than two macology. Gibhs. 2 cr, 2nd sem. weeks after distribution of the dissertation GMS PM 931, 932 Research Pharmacology GMS PM 820 Behavioral Pharmacology for recommendations regarding final revi• Prereq: consent of instructor. Emphasizes phar• sions. With the approval of the committee.

— 30 ^ DEPARTMENT OF PHYSIOLOGY

Chairman Benjamin Kaminer fessor (Senior Scientist, Marine Biological Lab• Kenneth J. Rothschild, PhD, Professor (Pro• oratory, Woods Hole, MA) fessor of Physics)

Faculty Michael F. Holick, PhD, MD, Professor (Pro• Neil B. Ruderman, MD, Professor (Professor fessor of Medicine) of Medicine) Karen N. Allen, PhD, Assistant Professor Andrew C. Jackson, PhD, Associate Research Inigo Saenz de Tejade, MD, Associate M. Carter Cornwall, PhD, Professor Professor (Professor of Biomedical Research Professor (Associate Professor of Engineering) Urology) Alvin Essig, MD, Professor Emeritus (Research Professor of Medicine) Ronald A. Laing, PhD, Associate Professor Osamu Shimomura, PhD, Adjunct Professor (Research Professor of Ophthalmology) (Senior Scientist, Marine Biological Labora• J. Fernando Garcia-Diaz, PhD, Associate tory, Woods Hole, MA) Professor Norman G. Levinsky, MD, Professor (Chair• man and Professor of Medicine) H. Eugene Stanley, PhD, Professor (University James F. Head, PhD, Professor Professor and Professor of Physics) James C. Melhy, MD, Professor (Professor of Gregor Jones, PhD, Assistant Professor Medicine) Ete Szuts, PhD, Adjunct Associate Professor Benjamin Kaminer, MB, BCh, Professor (Senior Scientist, Medisense, Waltham, MA) Rohert B. Moreland, PhD, Assistant Research William J. Lehman, PhD, Professor Professor (Assistant Professor of Urology) William C. Ullrick, PhD, Professor Emeritus

Simon Levy, PhD, Associate Professor Rahul Ray, PhD, Assistant Research Professor (Assistant Professor of Medicine) Programs of Study Hector Lucero, PhD, Assistant Professor Graduate studies in the Department of Edward F. MacNIchoi, Jr., PhD, Professor Physiology provide the student with oppor• tunities to be trained in interdisciplinary Enrico Nasi, PhD, Associate Professor approaches in molecular and cellular physi• Paul M, O'Bryan, PhD, Associate Professor ology. The principal goal of the Department of Physiology is to understand, at the cellular Judith Dana Saide, PhD, Associate Professor and molecular levels, the normal and dis• Barhara Seaton, PhD, Associate Professor eased-state functioning of the organ systems of the human body. The major areas being Raymond E. Stephens, PhD, Professor addressed and the technologies being Douglas L. Tillotson, PhD, Associate Professor employed by the faculty are as follows: Calcium regulation of molecular and cellular processes is investigated by using a Joint Faculty variety of experimental techniques such as Edward Alexander, MD, Research Professor electrical recording of single channels, opti• (Professor of Medicine) cal imaging, and X-ray diffraction. Calcium regulation is being approached through Carl S. Apstein, MD, Research Professor (Pro• fessor of Medicine) studies of the endoplasmic reticulum, an intracellular communication network which Rama Bansll, PhD, Associate Professor (Asso• both sequesters and releases calcium, of ciate Professor of Physics) cytoplasmic calcium-binding modulator Victoria Bolotina, PhD, Assistant Research proteins, of proteins binding phospholipids Professor (Assistant Research Professor of in membranes, and of regulatory proteins in Medicine) muscle thin filaments and in epithelial cilia Stuart R. Chipkin, MD, Assistant Research and sperm flagella. Physiological mecha• Professor (Assistant Professor of Medicine) nisms are being elucidated in a variety of cell types through studies on the excitation- Richard A. Cohen, MD, Research Professor secretion coupling process in adrenal cells, (Professor of Medicine) on the excitation and adaptation of photo- Dr. James Head and student Debbie Ferenc 1. Harosi, PhD, Adjunct Associate Pro• McDermott evaluate an HPLC run.

— 31 — Department of Physiology

receptors, and on the modulation of ion are being determined by X-ray crystallogra• tems. Integrative aspects of human physiology channel behavior and second messenger phy to identify the molecular modifications include topics in environmental physiology. responses. Precise spatial and temporal mea• related to changes in physiological states. Saide. 4 cr, 1st sem. surements of calcium levels in single nerve Molecular biological techniques are being GMS PH 543 Human Physiology B Prereq: and adrenal cells are being carried out by used to better understand the functions of consent of instructor. See MED ME 542 optical imaging, using both fluorescent physiologically relevant proteins. Examples Human Physiology I. Saide. 4 cr, 2nd sem. probes and the genetically-engineered pho- are the cloning, sequencing, and expression GMS PH 740 Physiology Lectures cover toprotein aequorin, and also with calcium- of a calcium storage protein from the endo• functional activity of various organ systems, sensitive microelectrodes. plasmic reticulum, the cloning and expres• excepting endocrine and central nervous sys• tems. Emphasis on regulatory homeostatic Another major emphasis concerns visual sion of Z-band proteins in Drosophila mechanisms. Selected laboratory exercises as mutants, the differential expression and reg• transduction mechanisms, combining electro• introduction to experimental approach for physiology, microspectrophotometric, and ulation of tubulin and microtubule-associ- study of physiological mechanisms. O'Bryan, imaging technologies. The photochemistry ated protein genes during ciliogenesis, the staff. 6 cr, 2nd sem. of light and dark adaptation of vertebrate expression of mRNAs for various ion chan• GMS PH 741 Experimental Methods in Physi• nels and rhodopsin in frog oocytes, and the rods and cones is being approached from the ology A Prereq: consent of instructor. A prac• viewpoint of intracellular second messengers bacterial expression of mammalian struc• tical approach to electrophysiology techniques. and their modulation of ion channel func• tural proteins, calcium regulatory proteins, Garcia-Diaz, staff. 2 cr, 2rid sem. and a number of enzymes. tion. The molecular basis for color vision is GMS PH 742 Experimental Methods in Physi• being explored through microspectrophoto• Additional strengths are represented by ology B Prereq: MED ME 751 and consent of metric analysis of the characteristic pigments faculty with joint appointments in other instructor. Current research methods in cellu• of single vertebrate photoreceptors and also departments. These areas include; the physi• lar and molecular physiology, as applied to the study of macromolecular function, motility, through biophysical studies of isolated retinal cal properties of biopolymers; vitamin D ligand binding phenomena, and membrane pigments and reconstituted membranes, function and metabolism; glucose transport function. Develops problem-solving skills and using a variety of spectroscopic methods. At and insulin action; cardiac function and the awareness of current approaches to research an integrative level, neuron-glial interac• control of coronary vessels and erectile tis• problems. Seaton, staff. 2 cr, 1st sem. tions, peptidergic neurons, and comparative sue; renal function; and respiratory system GMS PH 745, 746 Special Topics in Physiol• phototransduction mechanisms are being mechanics and modeling. ogy Prereq: consent of instructor. Current studied in several systems. The department has a flexible program and classical papers in a given area of physiology Membrane transport and ion channel studies that takes into account the background and are assigned for reading and later discussion focus on the application of nonequilibrium special interests of individual students. Typi• with students. Topics include mechanics of muscle, cell motility, membrane transport, sen• thermodynamics to ion channel function cal coursework in the first year consists of sory physiology, and instrumentation in physi• and reaction-diffusion systems, approached two semesters each of human physiology, ological research. Variable cr, 1st & 2nd sem. from a theoretical viewpoint, while other experimental methods in physiology, and GMS PH 841, 842 Physiology Seminar Stu• studies deal with the expression of ionic biochemistry. In the second year, one semes• dents present seminars on their research and/or channels in developing cochlear neurons and ter courses in cell biology, cell physiology, review literature related to their research. Stu• their regulation by growth factors such as biostatistics, and various electives are taken. dents attend the seminars presented by staffand neurotrophins. Students also register for one semester of other students. Levy, staff. 2 cr each, 1st & 2nd Structural biological research, combining Physiology Seminar each year. During this sem. time, MA students fulfill 3 months of labora• biochemical, electron microscopic, and X- GMS PH 843, 844 Cellular Physiology I and ray diffraction approaches, is aimed at under• tory research while PhD students fulfill 6 II Prereq: consent of instructor. Lectures standing diverse physiological processes at months, each consisting of 6—8 week rota• and discussion on: (1) membrane transport, the angstrom level. The organization of Z- tions. MA students complete their require• thermodynamic and kinetic analysis; (2) elec• trophysiology of cell membranes, excitable band proteins in muscle is being established ments with either a thesis or a comprehensive membrane properties, electrical coupling, syn• by monoclonal antibody localization to exam. PhD students take a qualifying exam aptic transmission; and (3) cell motility, molec• at the end of the second year, at which point determine assembly mechanisms for myofi• ular mechanism, and regulation of contraction brillar proteins in normal muscles and in an advisory committee is appointed to aid of muscle and other cells; mechanisms of trans• mutants with abnormal myofibrils. The spe• the student in outlining a thesis project and duction of photoreceptors. Garcia-Diaz, staff. cific arrangement of calcium regulatory pro• to monitor the student's progress. Upon sat• 4 cr, 1st & 2nd sem. isfactory completion of the project, a thesis is teins on skeletal and smooth muscle thin GMS Ml 941, 942 Research Physiology filaments is being elucidated by 3-dimen• submitted to the committee and a final oral Variable cr sional image reconstruction to compare examination is held. regulation in different muscle types. The structure of the annexins (a class of calcium- dependent phospholipid membrane binding COURSES proteins) and the structures of a variety of ligand binding proteins, protein-peptide GMS PH 542 Human Physiology A Prereq: complexes (such as calmodulin-target pep• consent of instructor. Cellular and organ physi• tides) and enzymes (such as ornithine trans- ology. Lectures, laboratories, and discussions carbamylase and acetoacetate decarboxylase) examine function and regulation of organ sys-

— 32 — DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY PROGRAM IN BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE

Program Director Marlene Oscar Berman Joint Faculty Bernard Fox, PhD, Professor of Psychiatry

Marilyn Albert, PhD, Associate Professor of David Gansler, PhD, Assistant Professor of Faculty Neurology and Psychiatry (Harvard Medical Psychiatry (Behavioral Neuroscience) School) Martin L. Albert, MD, PhD, Professor of Stephen Heisel, MD, Associate Professor of Neurology Sanford H. Auerbach, MD, Associate Profes• Psychiatry sor of Neurology Marlene Oscar Berman, PhD, Professor of Gary Kamen, PhD, Associate Professor of Psychiatry, Professor of Neurology, and Direc• Helen Barbas, PhD, Associate Professor of Physical Therapy and Health Sciences (Boston tor, PhD Program in Behavioral Neuroscience Anatomy and Neurobiology University)

Hiram Brownell, PhD, Adjunct Associate Jane Holmes Bernstein, PhD, Assistant Clini• Richard F. Kaplan, PhD, Adjunct Assistant Research Professor of Neurology cal Professor of Psychiatry (Harvard Medical Professor of Neurology (Neuropsychology) School) Laird Cermak, PhD, Professor of Neurology Marcel Kinsbourne, MD, Adjunct Professor Michael Biber, MD, Medical Director and of Neurology Raymon Durso, MD, Associate Professor of Neurologist, Neurocare Inc., Brookline, MA Neurology Francesca LaVecchio, PhD, Adjunct Assistant Paul Black, MD, Professor of Microbiology Professor of Psychiatry Deborah Fein, PhD, Associate Professor of and Medicine Psychiatry Charles Levy, PhD, Professor of Biology (Bos• Gene Blatt, PhD, Research Assistant Professor ton University) Robert G. Feldman, MD, Professor of of Anatomy and Neurobiology Neurology Elinor Levy, PhD, Associate Professor of Cynthia Chase, PhD, Assistant Professor of Physiology Gladys Friedler, PhD, Professor of Psychiatry and Pediatrics Pharmacology Simon Levy, PhD, Associate Professor of Helen Denison, PhD, Assistant Professor of Physiology Janina R. Galler, MD, Professor of Psychiatry Psychiatry (Psychology) Jacqueline Liederman, PhD, Associate Profes• Harold Goodglass, PhD, Professor of Richard Fine, PhD, Professor of Biochemistry sor of Psychology (Boston University) Neurology and Neurology

Nancy Helm-Estabrooks, ScD, Professor of Neurology

Davis H. Howes, PhD, Professor of Neurology

Edith Kaplan, PhD, Associate Professor of Neurology and Psychiatry

Conan Kornetsky, PhD, Professor of Pharmacology

Margaret Naeser, PhD, Associate Research Professor of Neurology

Penny Prather, PhD, Assistant Professor of Neurology

Louis Vachon, MD, Professor and Chairman, Department of Psychiatry

Mieke H. Yerfaellle, PhD, Assistant Professor of Neurology (Neuropsychology)

Roberta F. White, PhD, Associate Professor of Neurology (Neuropsychology)

Dr. Marlene Berman discusses brain functions with PhD students.

— 33 — Doctor of Philosophy Program in Behavioral Neuroscience

Raymond Maciewicz, MD, PhD, Associate linguistic, affective, and behavioral disorders fer the number of courses corresponding to Professor of Neurology (Harvard Medical observed in neurological disease, as these that required in excess of the eight. Nor• School) disorders contribute to an understanding of mally no more than four courses may be taken concurrently, and students register for Barbara Morse, PhD, Associate Professor of normal brain function and its modification Psychiatry by pathology, both structural and metabolic. at least one course each semester until com• The subject matter derives chiefly, but not pletion of all departmental course require• Neal McGrath, PhD, Neuropsychologist (Pri• exclusively, from clinical populations with ments unless granted an authorized leave of vate Practice) neurological disorders affecting higher pro• absence. Specific course requirements are Mark Moss, PhD, Associate Professor of Anat• cesses, particularly from the study of syn• determined on an individual basis by the stu• omy and Neurobiology dromes involving selective impairment of dent's faculty advisor with the approval of the Behavioral Neuroscience Doctoral Loraine Obler, PhD, Adjunct Professor of functional systems such as memory, lan• Neurology guage, or purposeful movement. In addi• Committee administering the program tion, nonhuman animal models are applied (see the "Administration" section). Clare O'Callaghan, RN, EdD, Assistant toward understanding brain mechanisms of In addition to the general requirements of Professor of Psychiatry, and Associate Clinical reinforcement, developmental anomalies, Professor of Nursing the Division of Graduate Medical Sciences, and intracerebral neuroanatomical connec• each candidate must fulfill the minimum Merle M. Orren, PhD, Research Instructor of tions. Current methods of clinical assess• requirements corresponding to the major Psychiatry (Neuropsychology) and Neurology ment, cognitive psychology, experimental area of specialization: CMS BN 775, 6 James Otis, MD, Assistant Professor of design, and the neuroscience are integrated Human Neuropsychology I and II; CMS Neurology into a broad program of clinical and basic BN 796 Neuropsychological Assessment; research leading to the PhD degree. CMS BN 779 Basic Neuroscience; statistics; Deepak Pandya , MD, Professor of Neurology and CMS BN 991, 92 Research in Behav• Richard C, Pillard, MD, Professor of ioral Neuroscience. Psychiatry Admission The student, working with an advisor, Only the doctoral program is offered (no develops a plan of coursework tailored to the Whitney Powers, PhD, Professor of Health master's degree). Students entering the doc• Sciences (Boston University) student's background experience and ulti• toral program are expected to have met the mate career goals. The intent of the course Oscar Resnick, PhD, Professor of Psychiatry requirements for the baccalaureate degree, requirements is to provide students with a and to have completed the courses required Douglas L Rosene, PhD, Associate Professor firm foundation in basic principles and for admission to the Division. Entering stu• of Anatomy and Neurobiology methods of experimental neuropsychology. dents are also expected to have completed Students also display in-depth preparation Larry Seldman, PhD, Associate Professor of special course requirements for the Behav• (see the "Qualifying Examination" section) Psychiatry (Psychology) ioral Neuroscience Program. These courses in at least five areas, of which the following Daniel Shaw, MD, Assistant Professor of (or their equivalents) are: biology (one year); are examples: language disorders; disorders Psychiatry introductory psychology (one year); experi• of purposeful movement; pathology of mental psychology (one year); physiological Paul Spiers, PhD, Adjunct Assistant Professor learning and memory; dementias; visuospa• psychology or neuropsychology (one semes• of Neurology tial and other perceptual problems; affective ter) ; abnormal psychology (one semester); disorders; developmental disorders; neuro• Babette Stanton, PhD, Associate Research and statistics (one semester). Prerequisite psychology of alcohol abuse and alcoholism; Professor of Psychiatry courses not completed before registration neuropharmacology; and behavioral Robert A. Stern, PhD, Adjunct Assistant Pro• may be completed while the candidate is in pharmacology. fessor of Behavioral Neuroscience residence at Boston University School of Medicine, but may not be presented for The student, working with an advisor, Joseph Tecce, PhD, Professor of Psychology graduate credit. must design a plan that meets these course (Boston College) requirements. The curriculum plan is sub• John Tonkiss, PhD, Assistant Professor of ject to the approval of the Behavioral Neuro• Psychiatry Degree Requirements science Doctoral Committee. The program of study for the PhD degree The program is not, by itself, designed Udlslav Volicer, MD, PhD, Professor of Phar• includes the equivalent of a minimum of six• macology and Psychiatry, and Assistant Profes• to meet requirements for certification as to teen semester courses (64 credits) at the sor of Medicine clinical competence in psychology nor in any graduate level, of which half may be satisfied discipline having a certification procedure, by the MA degree or its equivalent and half or requiring licensing. However, it accepts Program of Study of which must come from the Department of students enrolled elsewhere in clinical pro• The PhD program in behavioral neurosci• Behavioral Neuroscience and other graduate grams to take some or all of the offerings. ence at Boston University School of Medi• course offerings at the School of Medicine cine is administered by faculty members of (including GMS BN 991, 92 Research in the Department of Neurology and/or the Behavioral Neuroscience). Candidates with Qualifying Examination Division of Psychiatry (many of whom hold a master's degree or its equivalent in psychol• As one of the requirements for admission to joint appointments at the Department of ogy are required to complete the equivalent degree candidacy, the student, upon nearing Veterans Affairs [VA] Medical Centers in of a minimum of eight graduate-level completion of coursework, must satisfacto• Boston and Bedford, Massachusetts). semester courses (32 credits). If a student's rily pass a written and an oral examination The focus of the program is on the delinea• background requires more than the mini• demonstrating proficiency in basic princi• tion and analysis of perceptual, cognitive. mum of eight courses, the student may trans- ples and methods of human experimental neuropsychology and in five areas such as — 34 — Doctor of Philosophy Program in Behavioral Neuroscience

those listed above. The examination is pre• pared by five faculty members (each repre• senting one of the five required areas). At least two of the faculty giving questions in the qualifying examination must be from the Links Between Clinical and Division of Graduate Medical Sciences. Experimental Neuropsychology Dissertation Proposal Before embarking on his/her dissertation research (usually in the third year), the stu• dent must develop a dissertation proposal Medical and Experimental Analyses Clinical Problems outlining clearly and distinctly the nature of Technological Links and Research Problems the research to be undertaken. The disserta• tion proposal should include a background and introduction, brief review of the perti• nent literature, specific aims, methods of Amnesias Acupuncture Brain Function-Structure procedure, and an assessment of the impor• Relationships tance of the research when completed. The student proposes a principal disserta• tion advisor and may suggest possible readers Brain Stimulation & Classification and Subtyping Aphasias for the dissertation (the principal dissertation Neurosurgery of Disorders advisor may be the same or different from the student's academic advisor). The dissertation proposal is reviewed by the Behavioral Neu• roscience Doctoral Committee, and an oral Autisms ECT Mechanisms of Memory and Other Cognitive Functions defense of the proposal may be required by the committee. When the proposed research involves human participants, the proposal also is submitted to the Institutional Review Dementias of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's Diseases, Electrophysiological Neurotransmitter Systems Boards of all cooperating institutions for Alcoholism, Huntington's Techniques their approval. The principal advisor and the Disease, etc. two readers become the student's disserta• I tion committee. Experimental/Behavioral Phycholinguistics; Endogenous Depressions Paradigms (eg. Comparative Nonlinguistic Communication Neuropsychology) Dissertation The dissertation must, in general, provide I documentation of a student's creative schol• Phychoparmacological arship and ability to design, conduct, and Head Injury Seizure Elicitation and Agents report on independent research in behavioral Sequelae neuroscience. The completed dissertation will approximate (but not be substituted by) research papers meeting current standards of publication in refereed journals (e.g., Neu- ropsychologia, Cortex, Neuropsychology, Brain Curriculum and Cognition, Archives of Neurology, and The purpose of the final oral defense is to The curriculum for the doctoral program Behavioral Neuroscience). The dissertation demonstrate the student's abilities: to design consists mainly of existing courses in neuro• research involves collection, processing, and and execute an original research project, the psychology within the Division of Graduate analyses of original data. results of which must signal progress in a sig• nificant area of behavioral neuroscience; to Medical Sciences. These courses are: BN describe this dissertation research clearly and 775 Human Neuropsychology Seminar I; Oral Defense succinctly in oral and written contexts; to BN 776 Human Neuropsychology Seminar Subsequent to approval of the dissertation by exercise mastery of methods in defending the 11; BN 796 Neuropsychological Assessment; the student's dissertation committee, the stu• methodological approaches employed; and BN 793 Neuropsychology of Language; BN dent must present an oral defense of the dis• to place in perspective the advance in knowl• 794 Brain Asymmetry: Functional and sertation to the Behavioral Neuroscience edge achieved by the dissertation research. Structural Differences Between Hemi• Doctoral Committee in accordance with the As a final goal, the defense of the dissertation spheres; BN 795 Neuropsychology of Per• rules of the Division of the Graduate Medi• and the dissertation itself serve as an indicator ception and Memory; BN 798 Functional cal Sciences. The student's oral defense com• of the student's ability to embark on a career Neuroanatomy in Neuropsychology; BN mittee must consist of the dissertation as an experimental neuropsychologist and 821 Seminar in Neuroimaging; BN 891 advisor, the two readers, and two additional behavioral neuroscientist. Case Studies in Neuropsychology (Sections persons to be appointed by the Behavioral A, B, and C); BN 893 Child Clinical Neuro- Neuroscience Doctoral Committee. 35 — Doctor of Philosophy Program in Behavioral Neuroscience

psychology; and BN 778 (and 779) Basic cellular and physiological levels are related to GMS BN 893 Child Clinical Neuropsychol• Neuroscience (and Beginning Basic known central nervous system dysfunction. ogy Prereq: consent of instructor. Covers general theoretical issues, e.g., intrauterine and Neuroscience). Oscar-Berman, staff. 1st sem. postnatal development of the brain, handedness GMS BN 793 Neuropsychology of Language The first three courses listed above are and lateralization of function, and recovery of Prereq: consent of instructor. The phenomena required for all incoming students in the pro• function and neurobehavioral plasticity; diag• of aphasia, alexia, and associated disorders of gram. Another course, BN 778 Basic Neu• nostic entities, e.g., attention deficit disorder, language are considered in relation to theories roscience, is required for incoming PhD effect of early brain damage, developmental of the storage and processing of verbal informa• language disorders, dyslexia, and effects of mal• students. tion. Relevant models dealing with phonology, nutrition; and assessment and treatment. Fein, An important feature of the program is a word selection, syntax, and semantics are dis• Kinsbourne. 2nd sem. research apprenticeship with a core faculty cussed. Helm-Estahrooks, Howes. 1st sem. GMS BN 991, 992 Research in Behavioral member, and course credits are offered as GMS BN 794 Brain Asymmetry: Functional Neuroscience variable cr Research in Behavioral Neuroscience. This and Structural Differences Between Hemi• arrangement is intended as preparation for spheres Prereq: consent of instructor. The independent research careers. Students also distinctive roles of the left and right hemi• Administration spheres are reviewed; first by examining alter• have the opportunity to assist resident and The individuals with overall responsibility ations in language and nonverbal behavior staff neurologists/psychiatrists in providing for the program are Dr. Marlene Oscar Ber• under conditions of brain damage; and second, consultative services, to participate in daily by examining techniques used to investigate man, Director of the Laboratory of Neuro• and grand rounds, and to attend didactic functional asymmetry in the normally intact psychology, Division of Psychiatry and seminars and hospital lectures at Boston brain. Goodglass. 1st sem. Department of Neurology: Dr. Harold University School of Medicine and the Bos• Goodglass, Director of the Aphasia Research GMS BN 795 Neuropsychology of Perception ton and Bedford VA Medical Centers. and Memory Prereq: consent of instructor. Center; Dr. Edith Kaplan, Boston Neuro• With permission of the major advisor The study of normal and abnormal perception psychological Foundation; Dr. Martin and/or program director, other graduate- and memory is related to brain structure and Albert, Director of Behavioral Neurosci• level courses from the Division of Graduate function. Cermak, Verfaellie. 2nd sem. ence, Boston VA Medical Center. Medical Sciences may be selected for credit GMS BN 796 Neuropsychological Assessment All core faculty hold appointments in the in the proposed doctoral program, as well as I Prereq: consent of instructor. Overview of Medical School of Boston University, and courses offered in the Graduate School (e.g., structure and function of the central nervous many are senior research or clinical staff system. Emphasis on quantitative and qualita• the Departments of Mathematics, Psychol• members of the psychology, neurology, psy• tive analysis of standardized and experimental ogy, and Cognitive and Neural Systems) and tests of cognitive functions useful in differential chiatry, or research services of the Boston or in the Sargent College of Allied Health diagnosis of neurological syndromes. Kaplan. Bedford VA Medical Centers: Drs. Albert, Professions. 1st sem. Berman, Brownell, Cermak, Durso, Fein, Feldman, Friedler, Galler, Goodglass, GMS BN 797 Neuropsychological Assessment Courses II Continuation of GMS BN 796 Neuropsy• Helm-Estabrooks, Howes, Kaplan, Kornet• chological Assessment I. Kaplan. 2nd sem. sky, Naeser, Prather, Vachon, Verfaellie, and GMS BN 775 Human Neuropsychology I White. Prereq: consent of instructor. Relationship of GMS BN 798 Functional Neuroanatomy in the field of neuropsychology to other medical Neuropsychology Prereq: consent of instruc• and scientific disciplines. Includes electrical tor. Overview of central nervous system, struc• External Accreditation activity of the brain, the study of consciousness ture and function; basic understanding of The program is not designed to meet and emotions, cerebral dominance, and the neurobehavioral symptoms and their relation• requirements for accreditation as to clinical pathologies of language. Oscar-Berman, staff. ship to neuropathology, including vascular 1st sem. infections, and congenital, degenerative, and competence in psychology nor in any disci• toxic insults to the central nervous system. pline which has a certification procedure. It GMS BN 776 Human Neuropsychology II Appropriate for psychologists, speech patholo• does, however, accept students in the MD/ Prereq: consent of instructor. Relationship of gists, or other students in the behavioral sci• PhD program at Boston University School the field of neuropsychology to other medical ences. La Vecchio. either sem. and scientific disciplines. Includes psychiatric of Medicine, or other students enrolled else• aspects of neurological disease and the patholo• GMS BN 82! Seminar in Neuroimaging. where in related programs (including the gies of memory, intelligence, perception, and Prereq: consent of instructor. Overview of Master of Medical Sciences Program), to neuroimaging techniques available as adjuncts motor function. Oscar-Berman, staff. 2nd sem. take some or all of the offerings. Boston to neuropsychological measures of human University School of Medicine is an accred• GMS BN 778 Basic Neuroscience Survey brain damage. Oscar-Berman, staff. 1st sem. Prereq: consent of instructor. Overview to ited institution. Behavioral Neuroscience is a include neurophysiology, neurochemistry, neu• GMS BN 891, 892 Case Studies In Neuropsy• degree-granting program having the same roanatomy, neurobehavior, and neuropsycho- chology Prereq: consent of instructor. Indi• representation as other PhD-granting pharmacology. Processes occurring at the vidual patients with perceptual/cognitive/ cellular and physiological levels are related to affective symptomatology concommitant Departments in the Division of Graduate known central nervous system dysfunction. with brain damage are examined intensively Medical Sciences. May not be taken concurrently with MED ME through the use of a variety of behavioral 779. Oscar-Berman, staff. 1st sem. assessment procedures. Test results are reviewed for the differential diagnosis of neurological GMS BN 779 Beginning Basic Neuroscience syndromes. Emphasis on qualitative and quan• Prereq: consent of instructor. Overview to titative analyses of standardized and experimen• include neurophysiology, neurochemistry, neu• tal tests. Albert, Cermak, White. 2 cr, 1st & roanatomy, neurobehavior, and neuropsycho- 2nd sem. pharmacology. Processes occurring at the

— 36 — MD/PHD DUAL DEGREE PROGRAM

Coordinating Committee: instances applications are accepted from stu• Degree Requirements Carl Franzblau dents who are already in residence in the The degree requirements for the combined Selwyn A. Broitman School of Medicine. MD/PhD program are the separate degree David Farb Applicants must apply simultaneously to requirements for the Doctor of Medicine the School of Medicine (via American Med• and the Doctor of Philosophy in the School Program of Study ical College Application Service, 1776 Mas• of Medicine. For the MD degree, the student sachusetts Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC must be at least 21 years of age; have been The combined degree program is conducted 20036) and the Division of Graduate Medi• enrolled in the School of Medicine for at under the auspices of the School of Medicine cal Sciences. The applicant is also asked to least four full academic years; have passed all and is designed for and open to highly quali• notify the School of Medicine, Boston Uni• required courses and examinations; and have fied individuals who are strongly motivated versity Medical Center, 80 East Concord discharged all financial obligations to Boston toward an education and a career in both Street, Boston, MA 02118, in writing, that University. For the PhD degree, the student medicine and research. The purpose of the the student has completed both applications must have fulfilled all the requirements for program is to provide students with the and is applying for the combined MD/PhD admission to the Division of Graduate Medi• opportunity to obtain advanced education degree program. cal Sciences and have been enrolled in the and research training in one of the medical Division for the equivalent of at least two full sciences, while providing exposure to and academic years. In addition, the candidate training in clinical medicine. The program must have fulfilled all the requirements for requires six to seven years of study and leads the major (and in some cases minor) fields of to both the MD and PhD degrees. specialization, qualifying examination, and dissertation, as described above. Interdisci• Application plinary programs, such as the MD/PhD pro• The applicant must meet the requirements gram in Biomedical Engineering can also for admission both to the Medical School as be arranged. Students enrolled in the com• a candidate for the MD degree and as a can• bined MD/PhD program must complete the didate for the PhD degree, as outlined above. requirements for both degrees before any The minimum entrance requirements and degree will be awarded. Upon petition, a the prerequisite courses for the MD degree student admitted into the combined degree are the same as those for the PhD degree. program on entering Boston University may Applicants for the MD/ PhD Combined drop out of the combined degree program Degree Program are required to submit the and elect to receive one or the other degree results of the Medical College Admission upon completion of the appropriate Test only and not those of the Graduate requirements. Record Examination, which are normally For further information contact the required for admission to the PhD program. Division of Graduate Medical Sciences, The applicant must also have completed the Boston University School of Medicine, 80 special prerequisites of the major department East Concord Street, Boston, MA 02118; or program. The latter prerequisite courses 617/638-5120. may be completed while the candidate is in residence as a graduate student but may not be presented for graduate credit. Applicants must also have carried out research during their undergraduate program or have research experience.

Most applicants apply for admission to enter the program as first-year students, without any previous medical school or graduate school experience. In certain MASTER OF ARTS IN MEDICAL SCIENCES

Program Chairman Ruth R. Levine Admissions Test or the Graduate Record continuing student fee for each of the two Program Co-Chairmen Selwyn A. Broitman Examination General Test (in some cases the summer semesters. and Carl Franzblau Advanced Test in either chemistry or Biol• The program features a structured set of ogy may be required); and (2) have met the course requirements and several groups of requirements for the baccalaureate degree, courses from which electives may be chosen. Program of Study including the following courses: general The core courses required of all students in The Master of Arts in Medical Sciences chemistry, organic chemistry, biology, and the program are medical biochemistry, med• Degree Program of the Division of Graduate physics. ical physiology, and biometrics. Medical Sciences of Boston University Students who have completed one or School of Medicine responds to the recog• more of the required courses may substitute nized need for generalist graduate study in Degree Requirements one or more electives. The equivalent of at the medical sciences to provide students with Candidates are required to complete the least two courses (8 credits) of electives must the background essential for the pursuit of a equivalent of a minimum of eight semester be taken and a candidate for the MA in Med• variety of careers in the health professions. courses (32 credits) at the graduate level. ical Sciences may register for not more than a The program is conducted at the School of Students wishing to complete all the total of three semester courses (12 credits) in Medicine. requirements of the program in 12 months directed study/research. Although the MA in Medical Sciences is a must register full-time (12-16 credits) in the The thesis that is required must be based broad-based program, opportunities to spe• fall and spring semesters and for at least two on research carried out by the candidate cialize at an advanced level are available: (1) credits in both summer semesters, or pay the under direct supervision of a member of through combined programs in such areas as the faculty selected by the candidate. The public health, health care administration, research project must be well-conceived and and science or medical reporting; or (2) by mm I li the thesis of modest scope. The research preparing the way to doctoral programs in project may involve only library research, research and clinical medicine. or a combination of library and laboratory The MA in Medical Sciences Degree research. The completed thesis must be Program consists of the equivalent of approved by the major advisor and a second two semesters of fundamental coursework reader who is a faculty member. and two semesters of directly supervised The following core courses are required research. Since the latter two semesters can of all students in the MA in Medical Sci• be taken during the summer, the program ences Program: can be completed within a 12-month period. Boston University School of Medicine GMS BI 751 Biochemistry 6 cr, either sem. conducts the required and elective courses GMS BI 753 Biochemical Aspects of Clinical of the program and awards the MA degree and Research Problems 2 cr GMS PH 740 Physiology 6 cr, 2nd sem. in Medical Sciences. SPH EB 701 Elementary Biostatistics 2 cr, Boston University School of Medicine either sem. faculty from the Departments of Anatomy, Biochemistry, Biophysics, Microbiology, Pathology, Pharmacology, and Physiology Elective Courses serve as advisors to students in the program. This program does not offer its own courses but does accept as electives any graduate courses of the Division of Graduate Medical Admission Sciences or of other Schools and Colleges of The requirements for admission to the MA Boston University which are taken with the in Medical Sciences are the same as those for consent of the course instructor and after admission to the other MA programs of the consultation with the student's major Division of Graduate Medical Sciences. All advisor. applicants for admission are required to: (1) submit the results of the Medical College RESEARCH AND TRAINING PROGRAM IN BIOMOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY

Program Director David H. Farb Shelley J. Russek, PhD, Instructor of al aspects of pharmacology with novel Pharmacology approaches drawn from other disciplines, Faculty G. Graham Shipley, PhD, Professor of such as biophysics, biomedical engineering, Biophysics and molecular genetics. Mark Alexander, PhD, Assistant Professor of The predoctoral training program in Cassandra L. Smith, PhD, Professor of Pharmacology Biomolecular Pharmacology is based on Biomedical Engineering (Professor of a training partnership among faculty in David Atkinson, PhD, Professor of Biophysics Pharmacology) the Departments of Pharmacology, Anat• Norman D. Boyd, PhD, Associate Professor of Temple F. Smith, PhD, Professor of Biomedi• omy, Biochemistry, Biophysics, Pathology, Pharmacology cal Engineering (Professor of Pharmacology) Physiology, Microbiology, Biomedical Engi• Charles R. Cantor, PhD, Professor of Biomedi• Carol T. Walsh, PhD, Associate Professor of neering, and the Section of Biomolecular cal Engineering (Professor of Pharmacology) Pharmacology Medicine. The curriculum formalizes inter• disciplinary predoctoral training in molecu• Charles De LIsi, PhD, Professor, Department of Biomedical Engineering Program of Study lar pharmacology. Students receive formal training in the principles of molecular phar• Pharmacology has historically been an inter• J. Worth Estes, MD, Professor of macology, as well as in molecular genetic, Pharmacology disciplinary field, positioned at the point of biophysical, and structural approaches to the convergence of physiology, biochemistry, David H. Farb, PhD, Professor and Chairman, study of drug-receptor interactions. A major organic chemistry, behavioral science, and Department of Pharmacology benefit of the program is to expand opportu• medicine. The pharmacology of the next nities for students to carry out research in Richard Fine, PhD, Professor of Biochemistry century will bring together an even wider these areas. range of disciplines, combining tradition- Terrell T. GIbbs, PhD, Assistant Professor of Oversight and coordination is provided by Pharmacology a Program Advisory Committee composed James A. Hamilton, PhD, Professor of of faculty representatives from the partici• k Biophysics pating components in the School of Medi• cine and the College of Engineering. The Gerhard Heinrich, MD, Associate Professor of structure of the program catalyzes continued Medicine and expanded collaborations among the par• Tohru ikuta, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of ticipating faculty, and fosters interactions Pharmacology among students and faculty of the participat• Kevin A. Jarrell, PhD, Assistant Professor of ing components. This program produces sci• Pharmacology entists who have an understanding of and firsthand experience with a broad range of Conan Kornetsky, PhD, Professor of Pharma• technologies at the cutting edge of research cology and Psychiatry in molecular pharmacology. Susan E. Leeman, PhD, Professor of Pharmacology

isabelle M. Mintz, PhD, Assistant Professor of TRAINING Pharmacology

S. Alex Mitsialis, PhD, Assistant Professor of Medicine and Pharmacology Overall Structure A major component of the training program John R. Murphy, PhD, Professor of Medicine for PhD candidates is basic research. The L. Bruce Pearce, PhD, Assistant Professor of average tenure of PhD candidates is five Pharmacology years. Although the emphasis is on didactic Susan P. Perrine, MD, Professor of Pediatrics coursework for the first year, students in the

Douglas Rosene, PhD, Associate Professor of Anatomy and Neurobiology

— 39 — Research and Training Program in Biomolecular Pharmacology

Biomolecular Pharmacology Training Pro• GMS BI 755 General Biocbemistry I (4 cr) Seminars gram are expected to do four laboratory GMS BI 756 General Biocbemistry II (4 cr) The Biomolecular Pharmacology sem• rotations during the first year. The labora• GMS BY 771 Biopbysics of Macromolecular inar program has been expanded recently Assemblies (4 cr) tory rotations provide students with the through support provided by the endowed GMS PM 800 Advanced General opportunity to investigate potential areas for Sterling Drug Visiting Professorship, and an Pbarmacology (2 cr) their dissertation research, while enhancing award from the Burroughs Wellcome Foun• GMS PM 810 Current Topics in dation. All students are expected to attend the breadth of their training. During the Pbarmacological Sciences (2 cr) last three years in the program, the major programmatic seminars given by highly dis• emphasis is on dissertation research. Students Program electives (6 credits minimum) tinguished speakers from around the world. are also required to complete advanced level CLA CN 510 Principles and Metbods of In addition, students register for one semes• coursework, report on their dissertation Cognitive and Neural Modeling ter of Current Topics in Pharmacological (4 cr) research, and participate in activities consis• Sciences. In this course, the guest lecturer CLA MA 614 Statistical Metbods II (4 cr) tent with their development as future scien• attends student presentations of research ENG BE 500 Genome Analysis (2 cr) tists. Details of these activities are provided paper(s) related to the lecturer's research. LNG BE 560 Biomolecular Arcbitecture and This course has proved to be highly success• below. Graduates from the program will Design (4 cr) have received essential training in pharma• GMS MS 703 Neuroscience (4 cr) ful in providing students with essential back• cology with special emphasis on molecular GMS MS 753 Cell Biology (4 cr) ground to the seminar speaker's work and pharmacology. The training program builds GMS AN 709 Neural Development and thereby preparing the students to participate on current graduate programs in pharmacol• Plasticity (2 cr) actively in the department seminar. Trainees ogy, biophysics, biomedical engineering, GMS PM 720 General Medical Pbarmacology are also given a list of seminars in all partici• biochemistry, pathology, anatomy, and (8 cr) pating departments and encouraged to microbiology. GMS PM 820 Bebavioral Pbarmacology (2 cr) attend those seminars relating to their area GMS PM 830 Principles of Pbarmacokinetics Students may be accepted into the pro• of research. (2 cr) gram through any of the Medical School GMS PM 850 Biocbemical Aspects of basic science departments or through the Neurotransmitters and Cbemical Presentation of Research Findings Department of Biomedical Engineering. Mediators (2 cr) It is expected that trainees will present their Each of these PhD programs requires 64 GMS BI 782 Molecular Biology (4 cr) research findings at national research meet• credit hours for completion plus a qualifying GMS BI 783 Proteins (2 cr) ings. Although graduate students tend to examination, a dissertation, and a successful GMS BI 789 Pbysical Biocbemistry (2 cr) prefer the poster mode of presentation at oral defense. Each of the programs has spe• GMS BI 790 Receptors and Signal meetings, all trainees are encouraged to give cific requirements, and individual programs Transduction (2 cr) GMS BY 772 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance at least one slide presentation at a national of study for the PhD degree are determined Spectroscopy in Biology and meeting. They are also encouraged to pre• by each student in consultation with a fac• Biocbemistry (2 cr) sent research findings at regional and local ulty advisor and the Program Advisory GMS PH 843 Cellular Pbysiology I (4 cr) meetings, such as the Boston Area Neuro• Committee. Students complete the follow• GMS PH 844 Cellular Pbysiology II (2 cr) science Croup (BANC), the Boston Area ing core courses: GMS PM 755, 756 General Graduate Student Symposium, the New Biochemistry 1 and II, GMS PM 700 Molec• Seminar Courses (2 credits minimum) England Pharmacologists meetings, and the ular Neurobiology and Pharmacology, GMS GMS BY 871, Biopbysics Seminar (2 cr) Boston University Graduate Student Science PM 710 Laboratory Techniques in Modern 872 GMS PM 810 Current Topics in Day. These are yearly meetings at which Pharmacology, GMS PM 800 Advanced Pbarmacological Sciences (2 cr) there are, in addition to plenary speakers, General Pharmacology, GMS PM 810 Cur• both oral and poster presentations. rent Topics in Pharmacological Sciences, GMS BY 771 Biophysics of Macromolecular Laboratory Rotations Assemblies, and three advanced electives. During the first year, predoctoral trainees Group Meeting Presentations The proposed training plan has been ap• complete four laboratory rotations of about Both faculty and trainees meet every other proved by the participating departments as eight weeks each. This provides exposure to month to discuss ongoing projects. At these fulfilling their requirements. Students gener• a variety of experimental approaches to the meetings trainees give informal presenta• ally spend summers engaged in full-time study of pharmacology. Trainees are encour• tions of their current research and discuss research. aged to select rotations in laboratories that results of recent papers from the literature. approach problems from different perspec• This forum also gives trainees the opportu• tives, in keeping with the fundamental goal nity to discuss with faculty issues related to Course Requirements of providing them with a broad and more the training, as well as suggestions for Core Courses (24 credits) complete understanding of research strate• improvement in the program. GMS PM 700 Molecular Neurobiology and gies that have been developed to address Pbarmacology (4 cr) questions of pharmacological importance. GMS PM 710 Laboratory Tecbniques in Each student submits a paper summarizing Modern Pbarmacology (2 cr)* his or her research experience. The Graduate Education Committee reviews papers, pro• *Two semesters required in the first year; students vides evaluations to students, and maintains may elect to complete additional laboratory feedback to the faculty. rotations during tbe summer of tbe first year.

— 40 — RESEARCH AND TRAINING PROGRAM IN HUMAN GENETICS

Director, Center for Human Genetics spans all basic sciences and virtually all the netics, biochemical genetics, cytogenetics, Aubrey Milunsky clinical disciplines. Dramatic advances have immunogenetics, genetic epidemiology, already occurred through the Human pharmacogenetics, and somatic cell genetics. Faculty Genome Project through which an escalat• Thesis work in all these subject areas will ing number of genes causing specific serious equip successful candidates with knowledge, Chris T. Amemiya, PhD, Research Assistant genetic diseases have already been cloned. training, and experience suitable for major Professor of Pediatrics Expectations are that the vast majority of careers in medicine, science, industry, and jean A. Amos, PhD, Assistant Professor of defective genes causing serious genetic dis• government. Pathology and Laboratory Medicine ease will have been cloned by the turn of the century. Over 3,5()() specific monogenic Clinton T. Baldwin, PhD, Research Assistant Program In Human Genetics diseases have been catalogued. As a conse• Professor of Pediatrics and Biochemistry The interdisciplinary program in Human quence of these continuing advances, new Genetics has been established primarily for Christine E. Briggs, PhD, Research Assistant precise DNA-based diagnostic methods the graduate student who seeks a career pre• Professor of Pediatrics have emerged and are in use in the Center for senting diverse opportunities in academe, Human Genetics. Detection of gene carri• Lindsay A. Farrer, PhD, Associate Professor of industry, or government in which teaching, ers, presymptomatic or predictive diagnosis Neurology- research, diagnostics, industrial production, and prenatal diagnosis have all assumed key Marc F. Hansen, PhD, Associate Professor of and regulatory affairs figure most promi• roles in the application of new knowledge in Pediatrics nently. This course of study prepares students human genetics. Advances in genetic bio• for careers in industry or, through postdoc• Richard H. Meyers, PhD, Associate Professor technology will facilitate determination of toral programs, in a whole range of special• of Neurology genetic predisposition and susceptibility to ties and opportunities within the vast arena disease and have already facilitated the devel• Aubrey Milunsky, MD, Professor of Pediatrics encompassed by human genetics. For exam• opment of gene therapy. and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine ple, the Center for Human Genetics at the The interdisciplinary program in human Devaki N. Sadhu, PhD, Research Assistant School of Medicine is accredited by the genetics provides a wide ranging perspective Professor of Pediatrics American Board of Medical Genetics for on human genetic disease and the science postdoctoral training and board certification Faina Schwartz, PhD, Research Assistant Pro• and technology used to map and clone for PhDs in human genetics in the specialties fessor of Pediatrics genes. As a prerequisite to understanding of medical genetics, clinical cytogenetics, Herman E. Wyandt, jr., PhD, Associate Pro• the molecular analysis of DNA, course and clinical molecular genetics. These certi• fessor of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine selections focus on the development of a fications lead to careers in academe, gene- thorough understanding of molecular ge• Genes control the basis of all life, govern the development of all species, influence the response or susceptibility to all disease, affect the body's response to all environmental agents (e.g., drugs, microorganisms, toxins), and are causally related to, modulate or influ• ence all the common diseases of man, and, when defective, cause a major disease burden for society. The advent of the "New Genetics" has brought heretofore undreamt of horizons to science and medicine. Remarkable advances in genetics have affected diverse scientific fields including agriculture, farming, ento• mology, the pharmaceutical industry, engi• neering, computer science, informatics, and medicine. Human genetics is at the vortex of Graduate student John Michle (left) and Cris Amemiya, PhD, discuss DNA results with this ever-widening circle of discovery and DNA Diagnostic Laboratory Director Jean Amos, PhD.

— 41 — Research and Training in Human Genetics

tics research, diagnostic laboratories, and industry. Students in the Human Genetics program who enter with a bachelor's degree may choose from new courses in human genetics. The intent of these courses is to provide a firm foundation in molecular biology, molecular genetics, and biostatistics.

Courses in Human Genetics The following are full-semester 4-credit courses required for all candidates for the PhD in Human Genetics: GMS HG 781 Introduction to Human Genetics GMS HG 881 Human Genetics I GMS HG 882 Human Genetics II GMS HG 850 Human Genetics Seminar (2 cr) GMS HG Research in Human Genetics 901,902 ENG BE 565 Introduction to Biochemical and Genetic Engineering

COURSES

GMS HG 781 Introduction to Human Genetics Prereq: general biology, genetics, biochemistry, cell biology, molecular genetics or the equivalent, and consent of instructor. The basic principles and research methods of human genetics, including the study of genes at the molecular, chromosomal, organismal, and population levels. Emphasis is on classical genetic examples of human disease. Applica• tions of the technology in gene identification, genetic testing, and forensic science are pre• sented. Farrer. 1st sem.

GMS HG 881, 882 Human Genetics I and II Prereq: MED HG 781 or consent of the instructor. Explores strategies for gene map• ping, sequencing and cloning, and includes detailed consideration of genetic and physical mapping, aspects of immunogenetics, and the basic principles that underpin the development of gene therapy. Key additional aspects covered include gene organization and expression, genetic recombination, mutation, genotype and phenotype association, cytogenetics, genetic epidemiology, advanced topics in human genetics, forensic genetics, evolution• ary genetics, the biochemical basis of genetic disease, and the basics of DNA diagnostics. Amos, Milunsky. 8 cr, 1st and 2nd sem.

GMS HG 850 Human Genetics Seminar Prereq: (MED ME 781) Introduction to Human Genetics and consent of instructor. Students are required to attend weekly semi• nars in human genetics and to present two seminars in a semester. Staff. 2 cr. GMS HG 901. 902 Research in Human Genetics Provide students with opportunities to undertake independent or directed research in subjects on human genetics approved by the appropriate faculty member and program Aubrey Milunsky, MD, DSc, Center Director, discusses DNA sequence results with Clinton committee. 4 cr. Baldwin, PhD, and Faina Schwartz, PhD.

— 42 — RESEARCH AND TRAINING PROGRAMS IN IMMUNOLOGY

Program Director David I. Beller departmental and immunology coursework, Adrianne Rogers (pathology) or Dr. Glen Program Codirector Ann Marshak- students select from supplemental offerings Zamansky (microbiology). Rothstein in related disciplines. Full-time research in Students are required to (1) undertake Program CoJirerforJacqueline Sharon the laboratory of one of the training faculty three laboratory rotations (2 cr each), at least is the principal mechanism to develop and two of which must be with Immunology enhance creative research skills for those Faculty Training Program faculty; (2) take a qualify• trainees who have completed formal course- ing examination with both written and oral David I. Beller, PhD, Associate Research work and passed their qualifying exams. The components, and (3) select a PhD thesis Professor of Medicine program stresses prior research accomplish• advisor from among the program faculty Steven A. Bogen, MD, PhD, Assistant Profes• ment as an important attribute in selecting (this choice is not restricted by departmental sor of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine candidates. affiliation). All students are required to par• ticipate in the Pathology or Microbiology David Center, MD, Professor of Medicine Departmental Affiliation and General Seminar (depending on their department), the Immunology Seminar, and Immunology Ronald B. Corley, PhD, Professor of Requirements Microbiology journal Club. Students in pathology without Students who wish to study immunology a background in histology or pathology are Douglas V. Faller, PhD, MD, Professor of at the Boston University Medical Center required to take a six-week, non-credit Medicine are accepted for admission by one of the course in those subjects. Matthew J. Fenton, PhD, Assistant Professor two participating basic science departments of Medicine (microbiology or pathology). Each de• partment offers a special curriculum for Course Requirements Dana Graves, DDS, MD, Associate Professor Immunology Training Program trainees GMS BI 755, Biochemistry I and II 8 cr, of Periodontology and Oral Biology (described below). Prospective students 756 lst&2ndsem. Shyr-Te ju, PhD, Professor of Medicine should select a department based on their GMS MI 713 Microbiology 4 cr, 1st sem. or own background and interests. More de• Joseph H. Korn, MD, Professor of Medicine GMS FA 722 Special Pathology 4 cr, 1 st sem. tailed information about requirements in Hardy Kornfeld, MD, Assistant Professor of each department may be obtained from Dr. Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Ann Marshak-Rothstein, PhD, Professor of Microbiology

John R. Murphy, PhD, Research Professor of Medicine

Thomas L. Rothstein, PhD, MD, Professor of Medicine

Jacqueline Sharon, PhD, Professor of Pathol• ogy and Laboratory Medicine

David Sherr, PhD, Professor of Environmen• tal Health

Gail E. Sonenshein, PhD, Professor of Biochemistry

Objectives of the Program The Research and Training Program in Immunology offers predoctoral candidates coursework, seminars in contemporary immunology, and research training suitable Dr. Ann Marshak-Rothstein reviews a FAC scan profile with Alex Monro/ and Dr. Cheryl to prepare them for careers in immunology research. In addition to their required Chancellor-Freeiand.

— 43 — Research and Training Programs in Immunology

GMS MI 513 Introductory Immunology Second year lence, including: autoimmunity (Beller, 4 cr, 1st sem. Fall semester: Fenton, Ju, Marshak-Rothstein, Murphy, GMS MI 715 Advanced Immunology— Special Pathology or Microbiology Rothstein); j^cuc regulation (Beller, Corley, Cellular Aspects up to 12 credits of electives/research Fenton, Korn, Murphy, Rothstein, Offered alternate years. 4 cr Sonenshein); human disease/animal models of Spring semester: GMS MI 812 Microbiology Seminar* 2 cr disease (Beller, Center, Faller, Korn, Korn• or Pathology or Microbiology Seminar feld, Marshak-Rothstein, Murphy); cell GMS PA 821, Pathology Seminar 2 cr Advanced Immunology adhesion (Beller, Center, Faller, Graves, 822 up to 12 credits of electives/research Korn, Kornfeld); and cancer biology/lympho• GMS PA 725 Advanced Immunology— Molecular Aspects cyte transformation (Faller, Rothstein, Offered alternate years. 2 cr Principal Research Directions in the Sonenshein). These foci foster interaction Program within the program and provide valuable An additional 8 elective credits are chosen As the focus of immunology at Boston Uni• training opportunities for students interested from the following list: versity Medical Center, the Immunology in these areas. SPH EB 702 Biostatistics—Introduction to Training Program has fostered the develop• Statistical Computing** 4 cr ment of specific areas of interest and excel•

SPH EB 703 Intermediate Biostatistics 4 cr GMS MS 753 Gell Biology 4 cr, 1st sem. GMS BI 872 Molecular Biology Offered alternate years. 4 cr, 2nd sem. GMS BI 823, Special Topics in Pathology** 824 (one semester is required) 2 cr GMS BI 788 Enzyme Mechanisms Offered alternate years. 2 cr, 2nd sem. GMS BY 771 Biophysics of Macromolecular Assemblies Offered alternate years. 4 cr, 1st sem. GMS MI 714 Genetics ofMicroorganisms Offered alternate years. 4 cr, 2nd sem. GMS MI 717 Growth Control Offered alternate years. 4 cr, 2nd sem. GMS MI 718 Virology Offered alternate years. 4 cr, 1st sem. GMS MI 813 Immunobiology of Cancer Offered alternate years. 4 cr, 2nd sem. GMS PH 843, Cellular Physiology I, II 844 Offered alternate years. 4 cr, 1st sem.

Suggested Schedule

First year Fall semester: Biochemistry Introductory Immunology up to 8 credits of electives/research

Spring semester: Advanced Immunology up to 8 credits of electives/research Lab rotations (research)

*Required of microbiology students.

^Required of pathology students.

— 44 — RESEARCH AND TRAINING PROGRAM IN MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY

Program Director Ellen Berkowitz physics, microbiology, pathology and MA degree are required to complete 32 laboratory medicine, pharmacology and credits at the graduate level, of which at least The Graduate Program experimental therapeutics, and physiology). 16 credits must be in formal coursework, and A list of these faculty members along with a laboratory research thesis. Posthachelor's The interdisciplinary program in Molecular their research interests may be obtained from PhD candidates must complete 64 credits of and Cellular Biology takes advantage of the the program chairman or from the Division graduate work, of which a minimum of 24 individual resources of seven academic Office. credits must be in formal coursework. Post• departments in the Division of Graduate master's PhD candidates and MD/PhD can• Medical Sciences at the Boston University didates must complete 32 credits, with a School of Medicine. This program focuses Requirements for Admission minimum of 8 credits in formal coursework. on basic scientific as well as clinical issues Applicants for either MA or PhD training in Masters students are required to participate related to molecular and cellular biology. molecular and cellular biology should have a in two laboratory rotations and doctoral stu• The participation of over 75 faculty mem• bachelor's degree with emphasis in the bio• dents must complete four laboratory rota• bers offers a diversity of research opportuni• chemical, biological, or chemical sciences. tions prior to selecting a research advisor. All ties and a wealth of productive interactions. Post-master's graduate students and MD/ PhD degree students are required to submit Areas of expertise include molecular mecha• PhD students also qualify for admission. a dissertation which demonstrates their abil• nisms regulating gene expression and devel• Acceptance into the Program in Molecular ities for independent study, original research, opmental programs, cell structure/function and Cellular Biology requires acceptance and creative scholarship. The Dissertation relationships, molecular characterization of into one of the basic science departments Advisory Committee will consist of five fac• receptors and signal transduction processes, which are the degree granting entities in the ulty members and will represent at least two structural analyses of macromolecules, and Division of Graduate Medical Sciences. (2) departments of the Division. Please refer the impact of health and disease on all of to the "Academic Policies and Procedures" these areas. The availability of core facilities Programs of Study section of this bulletin for details relating to (i.e., FAGS cell sorter, confocal microscope, Students entering the Program of Molecular programs of study. microscopic imaging, transgenic mouse col• and Cellular Biology select the basic science ony, university-wide computer network) department and coursework which best suit allows for the state-of-the-art technological their needs and interests. Candidates for the approaches to address critical research issues. Students are simultaneously admitted to this program and a participating basic science department. Each student, in consultation with his/her thesis advisor and advisory committee, designs an individual program of specialized coursework built upon a core program of molecular and cellular biology. Financial support is available in the form of federally funded traineeships and fellowships and University fellowships. There are cur• rently 90 students enrolled in the fields of molecular and cellular biology in the Divi• sion of Graduate Medical Sciences.

Faculty Participating as research advisors and teach• 4. ers in the Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology are over 75 faculty members each with a primary or secondary appointment in one of the basic science departments (anat• omy and neurobiology, biochemistry, bio• Dr. Deborah Dobson.

— 45 — Research and Training Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology

Medical and Dental Sciences GMS MS 781 Introduction to Human Genetics 4 cr

Anatomy and Neurobiology GMS AN 709 Neural Development and Plasticity 2 cr GMS AN 808 Quantitative Methods for Biological Investigations 2 cr

Biochemistry GMS BI 782 Molecular Biology 2 cr (if not taken as a required course) GMS BI 787 Molecular Mechanisms of Growth and Development 2 cr GMS BI 790 Receptors and Signal Transduction 2 cr

Biophysics GMS BY 771 Biophysics of Macromolecular Assemblies 4 cr GMS BY 774 Metabolism and Cellular Function of Complex Lipids 2cr

Microbiology GMS MI 714 Genetics ofMicroorganisms 4 cr (if not taken as a required course) GMS MI 717 Growth Control and Cell Transformation 4 cr GMS MI 718 Virology 4 cr

Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics GMS PM 700 Molecular Neurobiology and Pharmacology 2 cr

Physiology GMS PH 742 Experimental Methods in Physiology B 2 cr GMS PH 843, Cellular Physiology I and II 844 4 cr

Seminar Each student is expected to fulfill the seminar Students in the laboratory of Dr. Gail Sonenshein. requirements of the specific basic science department. Curriculum (Students choosing GMS BI 782 as a required course may take GMS MI 714 as an elective. The Each student participating in the Program in Research Molecular and Cellular Biology must satisfy opposite also applies.) All students register for research credits using the course requirements and qualifying the research course numbers for the basic examinations established by the student's Elective Courses science department in which they are basic science department and the program. Elective requirements of the student's basic enrolled. The precise number of research The following courses form the Core Cur• science department and the program must credits depends on the student's needs and riculum and are required for all students in be completed. Often, courses taken to fulfill background. the program (total of 16 credits). the elective requirements of the program can also be used to fulfill the department Additional PhD Requirements Required Courses requirements. MA students must complete Information concerning qualifying exami• GMS MS 753 Cell Biology 4 cr a minimum of one 2-credit course chosen nations, the Dissertation Advisory Commit• GMS BI 755, General Biochemistry 4 cr from the following list of electives. PhD stu• 756 each dents must complete a minimum of 8 addi• tee, dissertations, the final oral dissertation (GMS BI 555, 556 Biochemistry A and B or GMS tional credits from the following course defense, and seminars can be found in the BI 751 Biochemistry may be substituted) options. These courses are frequently con• "Academic Policies and Procedures" section GMS BI 782 Molecular Biology 2 cr ducted as seminars which stress critical and in this bulletin. or creative thinking and active participation in GMS MI 714 Genetics ofMicroorganisms class discussion. 4cr

— 46 — RESEARCH AND TRAINING PROGRAM IN NEUROSCIENCE

Program Codirector Susan E. Leeman Richard Fine, PhD, Professor of G. J. Jones, PhD, Assistant Professor of Program Codirector Carmela R. Abraham Biochemistry Physiology Janina Galler, MD, Professor of Psychiatry Thomas L Kemper, MD, Professor of Neurology Faculty J. Fernando Garcia-Diaz, PhD, Associate Pro• Carmela R. Abraham, PhD, Associate Profes• fessor of Physiology Conan Kornetsky, PhD, Professor of Pharmacology sor of Medicine and Biochemistry Haralambos Gavras, MD, Professor of Martin L. Albert, MD, Professor of Neurology Medicine Neil W. Kowall, Associate Professor of Neu• rology and Pathology Mark Alexander, PhD, Assistant Professor of Terrell Gibbs, PhD, Assistant Professor of Pharmacology Pharmacology Susan E. Leeman, PhD, Professor of Pharmacology Sanford H. Auerbach, MD, Assistant Professor Ferenc I. Harosi, PhD, Adjunct Associate Pro• of Neurology and Psychiatry fessor of Physiology Simon Levy, PhD, Associate Professor of Physiology Clinton Baldwin, PhD, Assistant Professor of James F. Head, PhD, Professor of Physiology Pediatrics and Biochemistry Edward F. Macnichol, Jr., PhD, Professor of Gerhard Heinrich, MD, Associate Professor Physiology Paul H. Black, MD, Professor of Microbiology of Medicine Aubrey Milunsky, MD, DSc, Professor of Gene J. Blatt, PhD, Assistant Research Profes• Nancy Helm-Estabrooks, ScD, Professor of Human Genetics, Pediatrics, Obstetrics, and sor of Anatomy and Neurobiology Neurology (Speech Pathology) Gynecology, Pathology and Biology

Jan Krzysztof Blusztajn, PhD, Associate Pro• Robin Johnson, PhD, Assistant Research Mark B. Moss, PhD, Associate Professor of fessor of Pathology Professor of Biochemistry Anatomy and Neurobiology

Norman D. Boyd, PhD, Associate Professor of Pharmacology

Thomas R. Browne, MD, Professor and Vice- Chairman of Neurobiology

Laird S. Cermak, PhD, Professor of Neurology

Douglas A. Cotanche, PhD, Associate Profes• sor of Anatomy and Neurobiology

Theresa A. Davies, PhD, Assistant Research Professor of Biochemistry

Raymon Durso, MD, Associate Professor of Neurology

Ross B. Edwards, PhD, Associate Professor of Ophthalmology

David H. Farb, PhD, Professor and Chairman of Pharmacology

Lindsay A. Farrer, PhD, Associate Professor of Neurology and Public Health

Deborah Fein, PhD, Associate Professor of Psychiatry; Professor of Psychology

Martin L. Feldman, PhD, Professor of Anat• omy and Neurobiology

Robert G. Feldman, MD, Professor and Dr. Carmela Abraham in her office. Chairman of Neurology

— 47 — Research and Training Program in Neuroscience

mental requirements in a basic science department at the medical school. In order to I receive a Ph.D. with a concentration in neu• roscience each student will be expected to complete 12 credits in the area of neurosci• ence. Two required courses (8 credits) are: GMS MS 703 Neuroscience Integrated treat• ment of anatomy and physiology of the nervous system. In anatomy classes, brains and spinal cords are dissected and microscopic slides examined to study cytology and projection of neurons. Other practical classes and demon• strations cover physiology, neurology, ophthal• mology, and otolaryngology. Five-week course. 4 cr, 2nd sem.

GMS PM 700 Molecular Neurobiology and Pharmacology Examines a spectrum of top• ics ranging from the regulation of gene expres• sion in the nervous system to the structure and function of receptors and ion channels. Empha• sis is placed on theoretical foundations of phar• macology and neurobiology and the use of molecular and pharmacological methods in neurobiology. 4 cr, 2nd sem. Another recommended course is:

GMS MS 783, 784 Molecular Basis of Neu• rologic Diseases Molecular mechanisms of stroke, multiple sclerosis, Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease, amyotropic lateral sclero• sis, muscular dystrophy, and neoplasia are con• sidered. Fundamentals and current research of molecular biology are reviewed. Current publication seminar discussion is held with stu• Richard H. Myers, PhD, Associate Professor Donald M. Small, MD, Professor of Biophys• dent participation. Keynote lectures are given of Neurology ics, Medicine, and Biochemistry monthly by distinguished guest speakers. 2 cr each, 1st & 2nd sem. Margaret Naeser, PhD, Associate Research Raymond E. Stephens, PhD, Professor of Professor of Neurology Physiology It is also recommended that students attend the biweekly Neuroscience Seminar Enrico Nasi, Associate Professor of Physiology Ete Z. Szuts, PhD, Adjunct Associate Profes• Series. sor of Physiology Marlene Oscar Berman, PhD, Professor of At least two faculty members from the Neurology Ahdulmaged M. Traish, PhD, Associate Pro• Neuroscience Program must participate in fessor of Biochemistry Deepak N. Pandya, MD, Professor of the qualifying examination of each student. Anatomy and Neurology Mieke Verfaellie, PhD, Assistant Professor of See section on "Academic Policies" for spe• Neurology cifics on the qualifying examination. The Bertram Payne, PhD, Associate Professor of Anatomy and Neurobiology Ladislav Volicer, MD, PhD, Professor of Phar• participation of a mentor as an examiner at macology and Psychiatry the qualifying exams is at the discretion of Alan Peters, PhD, Chairman and Professor of the department. Anatomy and Neurobiology Roberta F. White, PhD, Associate Professor Anyone interested in applying please of Neurology Charalahos Pothoulakis, MD, Research contact the Division of Graduate Medical Associate Professor of Medicine and Neuroscience is a broad discipline that Sciences, Boston University School of Med• Biochemistry encompasses many experimental approaches icine, 80 East Concord Street, Boston, MA toward understanding the functions of the Penny Prather, PhD, Research Assistant 02118; (617) 638-5120. For specific infor• Professor nervous system. There are many investiga• mation please feel free to contact Dr. Susan tors in the basic sciences at Boston University E. Leeman, at (617) 638-4364, Dr. Carmela Douglas L. Rosene, PhD, Associate Professor School of Medicine who can serve as men• of Anatomy and Neurobiology Abraham at (617) 638-4308 or the individ• tors to students who wish to specialize in ual investigators. Julie H. Sandell, PhD, Assistant Professor of neuroscience. A directory is available upon Anatomy and Neurobiology request that lists these faculty members and includes a brief summary of their research Elizabeth R. Simons, PhD, Professor of Biochemistry interests and selected publications. Students who participate in the Interdepartmental F. Marott Sinex, PhD, Professor of Neuroscience Program must fulfill depart• Biochemistry

~ 48 — PROGRAM IN INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIES

Program Director Carl Franzblau Program Authority and Advising The Associ• and provide advice on general matters of pol• ate Dean of the Division acts as the coordina• icy, particularly on issues relating to admis• The Graduate Program tor for the Interdisciplinary PhD Program sions. Each student arranges for direct and is assisted hy members of the Division The PhD Program in Interdisciplinary Stud• supervision throughout the course of study graduate faculty who serve on the supervi• ies is designed to give a small number of hy an advisory committee of three or more sory committees of enrolled students. Other qualified students the opportunity to pursue faculty members, one of whom is the major faculty members act in a consultative role doctoral-level studies in areas that are not advisor. Admission to the program is, in part. available in the existing departments or pro• grams of the Division of Graduate Medical Sciences. There is no Master of Arts pro• gram. The individualized programs of study combine the academic resources of two or more departments in the Division and require a scholarly focus that cannot be achieved within a single discipline. Because an advanced level of competence in at least one discipline is necessary for interdisciplin• ary study, the student is normally expected to possess a relevant master's degree or to demonstrate a command of one discipline by completing the equivalent of one year of graduate-level work in an appropriate department. In any event, the student should be prepared to do graduate-level work in all areas selected for study. The student is expected to fulfill all Division requirements for the PhD degree described in the "Gen• eral Requirements for the PhD" section of this bulletin.

In choosing an interdisciplinary program of study, students must realize they are not members of any one department and, there• fore, may relinquish the close association with fellow students and the support of departmental affiliation and normal depart• ment-based sources of graduate aid. The nature of the program requires that its stu• dents possess a great degree of clarity of intellectual purpose, maturity, and motiva• tion. The admission standards for the pro• gram are very high. Students considering an interdisciplinary program shoud be aware that the nontraditional character of their studies may place them at a disadvantage when seeking postdoctoral employment. Further information is available from the Division Office at 80 East Concord Street, Room L 317, Boston, MA 02118; 617/ 638-5120. — 49 Program in Interdisciplinary Studies

4. a list of specific Division (and other Boston University) courses to be included in the program 5. if the applicant does not hold a relevant master's degree, a proposal for fulfill• ment of the master's equivalency requirement, described below

The completed application must be submit• ted to the Division of Graduate Medical Sci• ences, Boston University School of Medicine, 80 East Concord, Room L 317, Boston, MA 02118. The deadline for sub• mission of applications for September admis• sion is March 1. All inquiries and requests for application forms should be addressed to the Division of Graduate Medical Sciences, Boston Univer• sity School of Medicine, 80 East Concord Street, Room L 317, Boston MA 02118.

Course Requirements Students with a rele• vant master's degree must complete eight semester courses (32 credits). Students with a bachelor's degree must complete 16 semester courses (64 credits). The general plan for coursework must be proposed as part of the application (see the previous section on "Admission and Prerequisites"), and this plan should be reviewed and approved by the advisory committee each semester.

Master's Equivalency Requirement Every student admitted to the 16-course posthach• elor's program must satisfy both the advisory committee and the coordinating committee contingent upon the agreement of these discussions. The student will he directed to as to competency at the master's level in one three faculty members to serve on the advi• faculty members who may he willing to of his or her program disciplines. The sory committee. Of the three, only one may serve on the advisory committee. After method of satisfying this requirement must he a faculty member of a School at Boston development of the advisory committee, and be proposed as part of the application (see University other than the Division of Grad• with its approval, the student must prepare a "Admissions and Prerequisites" above); the uate Medical Sciences and only one may he a five to seven-page detailed proposal to be advisory committee must report to the coor• junior (nontenured) faculty member. submitted with the formal application for dinating committee when this requirement admission to the Division of Graduate Medi• has been satisfied. PhD in Interdisciplinary Studies cal Sciences. This proposal should include the following: Language Requirement, Qualifying Examina• Admissions and Prerequisites As for all other tion, PhD Candidacy, Residency Requirement, 1. the area of scholarly interest and spe• Division programs, applicants must submit Dissertation Prospectus, Dissertation, and cific Division departments involved results of the Graduate Record Examination Final Oral Examination See "General (usually the advisory committee will General Tests and hold at least a bachelor's Requirements for the PhD" in this bulletin. include a faculty member from each of degree in a relevant discipline. Applicants The prospectus, format, and substance of the these) and the possible topic of the with master's degrees are preferred. The examinations must be approved by both the dissertation application process is more extensive than for advisory and the coordinating committees. 2. a justification for following an interdis• other Division programs, requiring more ciplinary program rather than a tradi• Degree Title The degree is awarded in Inter• consultation and planning. A student inter• tional program of graduate study and a disciplinary Studies with major field speci• ested in applying to the program should pro- statement addressing the long-term fied, "Interdisciplinary Studies (major pare a brief statement of purpose and a goals to be achieved by the program field)." proposed program of study using courses 3. a list of advisory committee members, listed in this bulletin. The director should Courses This program does not offer its own and accompanying letters indicating then he consulted as to the feasibility of the courses but does accept all courses described their formal consent to serve proposal. The director will include coordi• in this bulletin. nating committee members in preliminary

— 50 — ADMINISTRATION AND FACULTY

Richard H. Egdahl, MD Director, Boston Chris T. Amemiya Research Assistant Professor Charles F. Arkin Professor of Pathology and University Medical Center; Academic Vice of Pediatrics. BS, Purdue University; PhD, Laboratory Medicine. BS, MD, Northwestern Texas A & M University University Medical School President for Health Affairs, Boston Univer• sity; Vice Chairman of the Board, Boston Jean A. Amos Assistant Professor of Pathology David Atkinson Professor of Biophysics, University Medical Center Hospital and Laboratory Medicine and Director of Research Professor of Biochemistry. BSci, Aram Chobanian, MD Dean, School of DNA Diagnostic Laboratory. BSc, MSc, PhD, PhD (hon). City University (London); PhD, Ohio State University Council for National Academic Awards Medicine (Lngland) Carl Franzblau, PhD Associate Dean, Gradu• Carl S. Apstein Professor of Medicine and ate Medical Sciences; Director, Division of Research Professor of Physiology. BA, Cornell Sanford H. Auerbach Assistant Professor of Graduate Medical Sciences University; MD, New York University. Neurology. BA, Cornell University; MD, New Selwyn A. Broitman, PhD Programs Contractility and relaxation in isolated cardiac York Medical College. Sleep studies; head muscle during ischemia and reperfusion. trauma. Coordinator Lorraine M. Josof Associate Director for Robert D. Arbeit Associate Professor of George T. Bain Assistant Research Professor Administration Medicine and Microbiology. BA, Williams of Psychiatry. BA, Northeastern University; Sheila A. Welch MD/PhD Program College: MD, Yale University School of PhD, Boston University Medicine. Bacterial pathogenesis and Coordinator population genetics. Mildred M. Agosto Records and Financial Aid Coordinator Michelle A. Hall Admissions Coordinator

Faculty (1993/94)

Carmela R. Abraham Associate Professor of Medicine, Assistant Research Professor of Biochemistry. BSc, Tel Aviv University; PhD, Harvard University. The role of proteases and their inhibitors in Alzheimer's disease.

Christopher W. Akey Assistant Professor of Biophysics. BS, University of Richmond; PhD, Cornell University

Martin L Albert Professor of Neurology. BS, Tufts University; MD, Tufts School of Medicine; Doctorat en Psychologic (Neuropsychologic), University of Paris (France). Language disorders; aging/ developmental disorders; bilingualism.

Edward Alexander Professor of Medicine and Research Professor of Physiology. BA, Rutgers University; MD, Northwestern University. Analysis of the mechanisms that control renal acidification at the cellular level.

Mark |. Alexander Assistant Professor of Pharmacology. BS, Iowa State University; PhD, University of Washington. Regulation of neuropeptide gene expression in neuroendocrine systems.

Karen N. Allen Assistant Professor of Physiology. BS, Tufts University; PhD, Brandeis University. Protein structure and function using techniques of X-ray crystallography and kinetics.

— 51 — Administration and Faculty

Clinton T. Baldwin Assistant Research Technology. Regulation of acetylcholine Tumor markers; immunocytochemistry of Professor of Pediatrics and Biochemistry. BS, synthesis and release; regulation of membrane hormone receptors. University of Connecticut; MS, Northeastern phospholipid turnover. University; PhD, Boston University. Molecular Charles R. Cantor Professor of Pharmacology; basis of Waardenburg Syndrome; examination Steven A. Bogen Assistant Professor of Professor of Biomedical Lngineering; Director, of cDNA and gene structure of proteins Pathology and Laboratory Medicine. BS, Center for Advanced Biotechnology, College expressed in cartilage cells. University of Illinois; PhD, Weizmann of Lngineering. AB, Columbia University; Institute of Science (Israel); MD, University PhD, University of California, Berkeley. Rama Bansll Associate Professor of Physics, of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine. Molecular biophysics and molecular genetics. College of Liberal Arts; Assistant Professor of Antigen-specific lymphocyte migration to Physiology. BSc, MSc, University of Delhi inflammatory or immune sites. David R. Cave Assistant Professor of Medicine. (India); PhD, University of Rochester. MBBS, PhD, University of London (Lngland) Diffusion and structure; biological gels; fluid Victoria Bolotina Assistant Research Professor flow and gelatin in gastric mucus; aggregation of Physiology and Medicine. BSc, PhD, David Center Professor of Medicine and of hiomacromolecules; phase separation and Moscow State University (Russia). Regulation Research Professor of Biochemistry. AB, MD, electrophoresis. of vascular smooth muscle with particular Boston University. Function of CD4; T cell reference to potassium channels. chemotaxis and adhesion. Helen Barbas Associate Professor of Anatomy Laird Cermak Professor of Neurology and Neurobiology; and Associate Professor of Norman D. Boyd Associate Professor of (Neuropsychology); Adjunct Professor of Health Sciences, Sargent College of Allied Pharmacology. BSc, University of Clasgow Occupational Therapy, Sargent College. BA, Health Professions (Scotland); PhD, University of Chicago. Characterization of the substance Preceptor. Ohio Wesleyan University; MA, PhD, Ohio David I. Beller Associate Research Professor of State University. Pathology of learning and Medicine, Pathology, and Laboratory Medicine Peter Brecher Professor of Biochemistry memory; alcoholism. and Microbiology. BA, Wesleyan University; and Research Professor of Biophysics and Cynthia Chase Assistant Professor of MS, PhD, Princeton University. Regulation of Medicine. BS, Ohio University; MA, PhD, Psychiatry and Pediatrics. MA, PhD, cytokine expression and antigen presentation Boston University. Molecular and cellular University of Cincinnati. Studies in aging/ in autoimmunity. aspects of intracellular lipid transport. developmental disorders; AIDS. Peter R. Bergethon Assistant Research Christine E. Briggs Research Assistant SatI C. Chattoraj Professor of Biochemistry, Professor of Biochemistry. BA, Williams Professor of Pediatrics. BA, Boston University; Obstetrics, and Gynecology; Director, College; MD, Jefferson Medical College MA, PhD, Boston University. Research Laboratories, Obstetrics and Ellen Berkowitz Associate Professor of Jerome S. Brody Professor of Medicine and Gynecology; BSc, MSc, University of Calcutta Biochemistry. AB, MS, PhD, New York Associate Professor of Biochemistry. BS, MD, (India); PhD, Boston University. Biochemical University. Regulation of gene expression in University of Illinois aspect of reproductive endocrinology; neural cells during development. infertility, implantation, and parturition. Selwyn A. Broitman Assistant Dean for Marlene Oscar Berman Professor of Admissions; Professor of Microbiology, and Stuart R. Chlpkin Assistant Professor of Neurology (Neuropsychology) and Psychiatry; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; Professor Medicine and Assistant Research Professor of Director, Laboratory of Neuropsychology; of Nutritional Sciences, Coldman School of Physiology. BS, Lmory University: MD, State Director, Program in Behavioral Neuro• Craduate Dentistry. BS, MS, University of University of New York, Downstate Medical science. BA, University of Pennsylvania; MA, Massachusetts, Amherst; PhD, Michigan State Center. Glucose transport in insulin-resistant Bryn Mawr College; PhD, University of University. Nutrition, gastrointestinal flora, states, focusing on cardiovascular tissue. Connecticut. Pathology of learning and diet-regulated cancer. Aram V. Chohanlan Dean; Professor of memory; aging/developmental disorders; Thomas R. Browne III Associate Professor Medicine and Pharmacology. AB, Brown alcoholism. of Pharmacology; Professor and Vice- University; MD, Harvard University. jag Bhawan Professor of Dermatology and Chairman, Department of Neurology. Cardiovascular research. Pathology. MD, Maulana Azad Medical Associate Chief, Neurology Service; Chief, Seizure Unit and LLC Laboratories, Boston Ilh-Nan (George) Chou Professor of College, University of Delhi (India) Veterans Administration Medical Center. AB, Microbiology, Pathology and Laboratory Paul H. Black Professor of Microbiology Princeton University; MD, University of Medicine. BS, National Taiwan University; and Medicine; Research Professor of Surgery. Rochester School of Medicine. Stable isotope PhD, University of Illinois. Cell biology, AB, Dartmouth College; MD, Columbia studies of absorption, distribution, biotrans• cellular and molecular toxicology; cell injury University. Psychoneuroimmunology or the formation, pharmacokinetics and drug by environmental carcinogenic metal mechanisms whereby the brain (mind) affects interaction; efficacy and toxicity of compounds. the immune system; neuromediators/ antiepileptic drugs. Thomas G. Christensen Associate Professor neurohormones/neurotransmitters which of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine. BS, may mediate this effect. Hiram Brownell Adjunct Associate Research Professor of Neurology (Neuropsychology). Rutgers University; PhD, University of Gene j. Blatt Assistant Professor of Anatomy BA, Stanford University; MA, PhD, Johns Vermont. Ultrastructural changes in chronic and Neurobiology. BA, Temple University; Hopkins University inflammatory diseases of the lung; hiology and MS, Bloomsburg University; PhD, Jefferson pathology of secretory cells. Nancy L R. Bucher Research Professor of Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University. Alan S. Cohen Conrad Wesselhoeft Professor Connections and physiological properties of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine. AB, Bryn Mawr College; MD, Johns Hopkins University. of Medicine; Professor of Pharmacology. AB, limbic system neurons, and effects of Harvard College; MD, Boston University. malnutrition on development. Liver regeneration; growth factor effects in hepatocyte cultures; role of extracellular Pathogenesis, genetics, biochemistry, and jan K. Blusztajn Associate Professor of matrix. clinical aspects of amyloid and amyloidosis. Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Richard A. Cohen Professor of Medicine and Psychiatry. MS, University of Warsaw Bohdana Flalova Burke Assistant Professor Associate Research Professsor of Physiology. (Poland); PhD, Massachusetts Institute of of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine. MD, University J.L. Purkinje (Czechoslovakia). AB, Bowdoin College; MD, Johns Hopkins

— 52 — Administration and Faculty

University. Vascular smooth muscle reactivity Wesleyan University; MD, Albany Medical Urhana; PhD, University of California, with focus on the influence endothelium and College. Nosocomial pneumonia and infection Berkeley. Comparative biochemistry, autonomic control mechanisms and their in critical care patients; AIDS in intravenous physiology, and molecular hiology of digestion. alteration with diseases. drug users; AIDS in women; pathogenesis and prevention. Raymon Durso Associate Professor of Theodore Colton Professor of Sociomedical Neurology. BS, State University of New York, Sciences and Community Medicine; Professor Arthur J. Culhert Associate Professor and Stony Brook; MD, State University of New of Public Health (Epidemiology and Associate Chairman, Department of Socio- York, Buffalo. Parkinsonism. Biostatistics), School of Public Health. AB, Medical Sciences and Community Medicine; Brooklyn College; MS, University of North Associate Professor of Social and Behavioral Ross B. Edwards Associate Research Professor Carolina; ScD, Johns Hopkins University Sciences, School of Public Health, School of of Ophthalmology and Biochemistry. BA, Medicine; Director, Early Medical School University of California, Berkeley; PhD, Barhara E. Corkey Associate Professor of Selection Program; Associate Dean for Student University of California, Los Angeles. Syn• Medicine and Associate Research Professor of Affairs and Educational Programs. BA, LaSalle thesis and effects of retinoic acid (RA) and Biochemistry. PhD, University of Pennsylvania College; MS, PhD, Boston University other forms of vitamin A in the nervous system.

Ronald B. Corley Professor and Chairman Theresa Davies Assistant Research Professor AlvIn Esslg Professor Emeritus of Physiology of Microbiology. BS, PhD, Duke University. of Biochemistry. BA, University of Virginia; and Research Professor of Medicine. SB, Regulation of gene expression during B PhD, Boston University. Platelet activation and Harvard College; MD, Ohio State University. lymphocyte differentiation; mechanisms Alzheimer's disease. Application of non-equilihrium thermo• regulating the assembly, secretion, and dynamics to ion channel function and reaction- function of antibodies. Helen Denison Assistant Professor of diffusion systems. Psychiatry (Psychology). MA, University of Melvin C. Cornwall Professor of Physiology. Minnesota; PhD, State University of New j. Worth Estes Professor of Pharmacology BS, PhD, University of Utah. Mechanism of York, Stony Brook. Studies in affective (History of Pharmacology) and Instructor of visual transduction which relate to light disorders; aging/development disorders. Medicine; Associate Professor of Sociomedical adaptation in rods and cones of the vertebrate Science, School of Public Health. AB, Harvard retina. Daniel Deykin Professor of Medicine and College; MA, MD, Boston University. Factors Biochemistry; Professor of Public Health governing drug treatment of the past, espe• Douglas A. Cotanche Associate Professor of (Epidemiology and Biostatistics), School of cially in the eighteenth century; influence of Anatomy and Neurobiology. BA, University of Public Health. AB, Harvard College; MD, federal regulation on introduction of new New Hampshire; PhD, University of North Harvard University drugs since 1950. Carolina, Chapel Hill. Isolation of develop• mental factors that regulate the growth of Richard D. Diamond Professor of Medicine Douglas V. Faller Professor of Medicine, receptor cells in the cerebellum. and Research Professor of Biochemistry. BA, Pediatrics, Pathology, and Laboratory Medicine Brooklyn College; MD, Harvard University and Research Professor of Biochemistry. BS, Donald E. Craven Professor of Medicine and PhD, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Microbiology; Professor of Epidemiology and Dehorah E. Dohson Assistant Professor of MD, Harvard Medical School. Leukocyte Biostatistics, School of Public Health. BA, Biochemistry. BS, University of Illinois, adhesion and cytokine-mediated cell signaling.

— 53 — Administration and Faculty

David H. Farb Chairman, Department of Edward Fischer Associate Professor of J. Fernando Garcla-DIaz Associate Professor Pharmacology; Professor of Pharmacology. Neurosurgery. BS, MD, University of Toronto of Physiology. Licenciado en Ciencias, BA, Long Island University; PhD, Brandeis Universidad de Zaragoza (Spain); Doctor en University. Pharmacology and regulation of Susan H. Fisher Associate Professor of Ciencias, Universidad de Malaga (Spain); MS, gene expression of the GABA/benzodiazepine Microbiology. BA, Washington University; Indiana University. Expression of ion channels receptor in the vertebrate central nervous PhD, Tufts University. Regulation of nitrogen in developing cochlear ganglion neurons; role system; mechanism of action of neuro• metabolism in gram-positive bacteria. of membrane potential and voltage- and receptor-gated ion channels in intracellular modulators, structure, function, and cellular Judith A. Foster Professor of Biochemistry. calcium response to angiotensin dynamics amino acid receptors in the brain and BA, Newton College of the Sacred Heart; II by adrenal cells. spinal cord. PhD, Boston University. Regulation of elastic fiber gene expression in the development and Barbara A. Faris Assistant Research Professor Haralambos P. Gavras Professor of Medicine. repair of pulmonary and cardiovascular tissues. of Biochemistry. AB, Salve Regina College. MD, Athens University Medical School (Greece). Pathogenesis and mechanisms of Regulation of elastin fiber formation and Patricia L Foster Assistant Professor of hypertension. elastin accumulation in the extracellular Environmental Health; Assistant Professor of matrix. Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Benjamin Gerson Professor of Pathology and Medicine. MA, Harvard University; PhD, Stephen R. Farmer Professor of Biochemistry. Pharmacology; Director, Laboratory of Cambridge University (Lngland) BSc, Liverpool University (Lngland); PhD, Analytical Toxicology. BS, Ursinus College; MD, Jefferson Medical College of Thomas National Institute of Medical Research Carl Franzblau Associate Dean, Graduate Jefferson University. Analytic techniques for (Lngland). Expression of the major cytoskeletal Biomedical Science Studies; Chairman, drug detection. protein (i.e., tubulin and actin) genes in Division of Graduate Medical Sciences; mammalian nonmuscle cells, modulation of Chairman, Department of Biochemistry; Terrell T. GIbbs Assistant Professor of these genes hy changes in cell configuration in Professor of Biochemistry. BS, University of normal and transformed cells. Pharmacology. BS, Massachusetts Institute Michigan; PhD, Yeshiva University, Albert of Technology; PhD, Harvard University. Einstein College of Medicine. Chemistry, Lindsay A. Farrer Associate Professor of Regulation and turnover of the GAB A/ biosynthesis, and turnover of extracellular Neurology, School of Medicine and School benzodiazepine receptor; theoretical analysis matrix proteins, including elastin and collagen. of Public Health (Epidemiology and of ligand binding and dose-effect curves. Biostatistics). BA, University of North Thomas F. Freddo Associate Professor of Carolina; PhD, Indiana University School of Douglas T. Goienbock Assistant Professor of Ophthalmology, Anatomy, Neurobiology, Medicine. Genetic risk factors for familial Medicine and Microbiology. BS, University of Pathology, and Laboratory Medicine. BA, neurodegenerative diseases. Michigan; MD, University of Michigan School University of Connecticut; OD, Massachusetts of Medicine. Gram negative bacterial College of Optometry; PhD, Boston Deborah Fein Associate Professor of septicemia; endotoxin receptors and endotoxin University. Ultrastructural and physiological Psychiatry. BA, Cornell University; MS, PhD, receptor inhibitors. investigation of anterior uveitis and glaucoma. Rutgers University. Autism and aging/ developmental disorders. Wayne Gonnerman Assistant Professor of Balz Frel Associate Professor of Medicine; Biochemistry. BA, MA, PhD, University of Martin L Feldman Professor of Anatomy Associate Research Professor of Biochemistry. Missouri, Columbia. Mineral and connective and Neurobiology; Professor of Psychology, PhD, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology tissue metabolism; hormonal and dietary College of Liberal Arts. AB, Brown Uni• (Switzerland) effects on inflammatory diseases. versity; MA, PhD, Boston University. Gladys Friedler Associate Professor of Harold Goodglass Professor of Neurology Morphological changes that affect neurons Psychiatry and Pharmacology. BA, University (Neuropsychology). BA, City University of during aging of the auditory system. of Maine; AM, University of Pennsylvania; New York, City College; MA, New York PhD, Boston University. Effects of paternal Robert G. Feldman Chairman, Department University; PhD, University of Cincinnati. exposure to addictive substances on of Neurology; Professor of Neurology and Language, purposeful movement, visuospatial reproductive outcome. Pharmacology; Professor of Public Health, and perceptual disorders. School of Public Health. AB, MD, University Robert H. Friedman Assistant Research Leonard S. Gottlieb Chairman, Department of of Cincinnati. Aging/developmental disorders; Professor of Neurology. AB, Harvard College; neuropharmacology and neurotoxicology. Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; Professor MD, Stanford University School of Medicine of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; Director, Mallory Institute of Pathology. AB, Matthew j. Fenton Assistant Professor of Stephen Gacberu Assistant Research Professor Bowdoin College; MD, Tufts University; Medicine and Assistant Research Professor of of Biochemistry. BS, Nairobi University MPH, Harvard University. Pathology of Biochemistry. BS, University of Connecticut; (Kenya); PhD, Boston University. gastrointestinal cancer; pathogenesis of PhD, Boston University. Molecular biology Characterization and isolation of human lysyl alcohol-induced liver disease. and immunology of macrophages activation. oxidase promoter.

Alan Fine Assistant Professor of Medicine; Janina R. Galler Professor of Psychiatry; Dana Graves Associate Professor of Assistant Research Professor of Biochemistry; Professor of Public Health (Epidemiology and Periodontology and Oral Biology, Goldman BA, MD, University of Michigan Biostatistics), School of Public Health. BS, School of Graduate Dentistry; Assistant Newcomb College, Tulane University; MD, Research Professor of Biochemistry, School Richard E. Fine Professor of Biochemistry; of Medicine. BA, State University of New Research Professor of Neurology. AB, Albert Einstein College of Medicine. Nutrition and the central nervous system. York, Binghamton; DDS, MD, Harvard University of California, Berkeley; PhD, University. Growth factor and monocyte Brandeis University. Intracellular route of David Gansler Adjunct Assistant Professor of chemoattractants. ceptor trafficking in differentiated cells, Psychiatry (Behavioral Neuroscience). BA, MIklos Gyenes Assistant Research Professor including liver and brain; mechanism of PhD, State University of New York, Albany. calcium mobilization in the brain mediated by Studies in psychiatric disorders and head of Pharmacology. MS, PhD, Moscow State hormones that stimulate phosphoinositide trauma. University (USSR) turnover.

— 54 — Administration and Faculty

James A. Hamilton Professor of Biophysics and Tohru Ikuta Assistant Professor of Eva Kashket Professor of Microbiology. BSc, Associate Research Professor of Medicine and Pharmacology. MD, PhD, Kyushu University MSc, McGill University (Canada); PhD, Biochemistry. BS, Juniata College; PhD, School of Medicine (Japan). Molecular Harvard University. Physiology and regulation Indiana University mechanisms for reactivating y-globin genes of sporulation and solvent production by the with butyrates in human subjects with B- anaerobic bacterium, Clostridium. Marc F. Hansen Associate Professor of thalassemia and sickle cell disease. Pediatrics. BA, Macalester College; MS, Robert B. Katz Assistant Research Professor of University of Wisconsin, Madison; PhD, Kevin A. Jarrell Assistant Professor of Neurology. AB, Brown University; PhD, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Pharmacology. BS, PhD, Ohio State University of Connecticut University. Catalytic RNA. Ferenc I. Harosi Adjunct Associate Professor of Herbert L. Kayne Associate Professor of Physiology. ME, Cooper Union; PhD, Johns Andrew C. Jackson Professor of Biomedical Physiology and Biometrics; Associate Professor Hopkins University. Vertebrate visual pigments Lngineering, College of Lngineering; of Sociomedical Sciences and Community and cone-mediated color vision. Associate Research Professor of Physiology. Medicine and Public Health (Epidemiology BSML, MSML, University of Nevada; PhD, and Biostatistics), School of Public Health. BS, Keven Hartshorn Assistant Professor of University of Mississippi. Mechanical MS, PhD, University of Illinois Medicine. BA, MA, Williams College; MD, properties of the lungs including development Albert Einstein College of Medicine of non-invasive pulmonary function tests. Thomas L. Kemper Professor of Neurology (Neuropathology), Pathology and Laboratory John A. Hayes Professor of Pathology and Bruce Jackson Adjunct Assistant Research Medicine (Neuropathology), and Anatomy and Laboratory Medicine. MB, ChB, MD, Professor of Biochemistry. PhD, University of Neurobiology. BS, Northwestern University; University of Bristol (Lngland); PRC Path, Massachusetts, Lowell. MD, University of Illinois. The effects of aging Royal College of Pathologists (Lngland) and pathological changes on neurons of the Robin Johnson Assistant Research Professor primate brain. James F. Head Professor of Physiology. BS, of Biochemistry and Anatomy. BS, State University of Manchester (Lngland); PhD, University of New York, Stony Brook; PhD, Marcel Kinsbourne Adjunct Professor of University of Birmingham (Lngland). Boston University. Regulation of intracellular Neurology. BA, Oxford University (Lngland); Relationship between protein structure, calcium in neurons. BM, Bch, Oxford University Medical School dynamics and function; regulatory role of high (Lngland); MA, DM, Oxford University affinity intracellular calcium binding proteins. Gregor Jones Assistant Professor of Physiology. (Lngland). Studies in language disorders, BA, Exeter College, Oxford University pathology of learning and memory, and Gerhard Heinrich Associate Professor of (Lngland); PhD, University College, London attention deficit disorder. Medicine and Biochemistry. BA, Oberlin (Lngland). Retinoid transport and the role of College; MD, Case Western Reserve School of interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein Michael D. Klein Associate Professor of Medicine. Genetic mechanisms that regulate during light and dark adaptation. Medicine. AB, Harvard College; MD, New vertebrate development. York University Shyr-Te Ju Associate Professor of Pathology Nancy Helm-Estabrooks Professor of and Laboratory Medicine and Associate Joseph H. Korn Professor of Medicine and Neurology (Speech Pathology and Laboratory Research Professor of Medicine. BS, MS, Biochemistry. BS, City College of New York. Medicine). BA, University of Massachusetts; National Taiwan University; PhD, University MD, Columbia University College of MLd, Northeastern University; ScD, Boston of Illinois. CD4+ cell cytolytic activity. Physicians and Surgeons. Regulation of cell University. Language, purposeful movement, adhesion and cytokine production; visuospatial and perceptual disorders. Herbert M. Kagan Professor of Biochemistry; scleroderma. Research Professor of Medicine. BS, MS, Michael F. Holick Professor of Medicine and University of Massachusetts; PhD, Tufts Conan Kornetsky Professor of Pharmacology Physiology. BS, Seton Hall University; MD, University. Mechanisms of action, regulation, and Psychiatry (Psychology). BA, University of PhD, University of Wisconsin. Biochemistry, and molecular biology of amine oxidases, with Maine; MS, PhD, University of Kentucky. The physiology, and molecular biology of the skin emphasis on connective tissue lysyl oxidase. neural-behavioral bases of the euphoria caused and bone with special emphasis on vitamin D by drugs of abuse, of the antinociceptive effects and peptide hormones. Benjamin Kaminer Chairman, Department of analgesic drugs, and of the behavioral effects of Physiology; Professor of Physiology. MB, of psychotherapeutic drugs; drug-induced William Hollander Professor of Medicine, BCh, University of Witwatersrand (South behavioral alterations elicited by discrete CNS Physiology, and Biochemistry; Professor of Africa). Properties and role of endoplasmic stimulation. Nutrition, Goldman School of Graduate reticulum and constituent proteins as an Dentistry. AB, New York University; MD, intracellular communication network. Hardy Kornfeld Assistant Professor of State University of New York, Downstate Medicine and Pathology and Laboratory Medical Center Konstantin Kandror Assistant Research Medicine. BA, Bennington College; MD, Professor of Biochemistry. BS, Moscow State Boston University School of Medicine. HIV Donna K. Housman Assistant Clinical University (Russia); PhD, USSR Academy of envelope glycoprotein function and mo Professor of Psychiatry. BS, University of Science (Russia). Translocation of glucose microbicidal activity. Massachusetts, Amherst; MLd, CAGS, LdD, transporter containing vesicles to the cell Boston University surface in response to insulin. Nell W. Kowall Associate Professor of Neurology and Pathology. BS, MD, University David H. Howes Research Professor of Edith Kaplan Associate Professor of of British Columbia (Canada). Development Neurology (Neuropsychology). BA, Yale Neurology (Neuropsychology) and Psychiatry, and use of histological methods to study the University; PhD, Harvard University. School of Medicine. BA, Brooklyn College; normal and pathological anatomy of humans. Language and purposeful movement disorders. MA, PhD, Clark University. Language disorders, disorders of purposeful movement, Herbert Z. Kupchik Professor of Microbiology Richard F. Hoyt, Jr. Associate Professor of visuospatial, aging/developmental disorders. and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine. BS, Anatomy and Neurobiology. BS, Bates Bethany College; MS, PhD, Wayne State College; PhD, Harvard University. Richard Kaplan Adjunct Assistant Professor of University. Human tumor development, Development and maturation of cells in the Neurology. BA, PhD, University of identification, and therapy. pulmonary system. Connecticut. Studies in neurophysiology.

— 55 — Administration and Faculty

Ronald A. Laing Associate Professor of William J. Lehman Professor of Physiology. Norman G. Levinsky Chairman, Division of Physiology and Research Professor of BS, State University of New York, Stony Medicine; Wade Professor of Medicine; Ophthalmology. BA, Reed College; MA, PhD, Brook; PhD, Princeton University. Role of Professor of Physiology. AB, Harvard College; Rice University. Blood flow in the retina; calcium regulatory systems in skeletal and MD, Harvard University. Renal physiology. transport across the cornea. smooth muscle; three-dimensional image reconstruction of skeletal and smooth muscle Stuart M. Levltz Associate Professor of John Thomas LaMont Professor of Medicine. thin filaments. Medicine and Microbiology. BA, New York BS, Canisius College; MD, University of University; MD, New York University School Rochester Howard M. Leibowltz Chairman, Depart• of Medicine. ment of Ophthalmology; Professor of Wayne W. LaMorte Assistant Research Ophthalmology. AB, MD, Johns Hopkins Elinor M, Levy Associate Professor of Professor of Biochemistry and Surgery. BA, University Microbiology. AB, Brandeis University; PhD, Rutgers University; MD, College of Medicine Lmory University. Lymphocyte activation and Dentistry of New Jersey; PhD, Boston Robert H. Lerman Assistant Professor of during AIDS. University Medicine. BS, Stevens Institute of Technology; MD, Jefferson Medical College; PhD, Simon Levy Associate Professor of Physiology. David M. Larson Assistant Professor of Massachusetts Institute of Technology LTS, Lcole Technique Superieure de Geneve Pathology and Laboratory Medicine. BS, PhD, (Switzerland); MA, Universite Scientifique et University of Minnesota. Communication and Crystal Leslie Assistant Research Professor Medicale de Grenoble (Prance); PhD, Boston cytoskeletal organization of endothelial and of Biochemistry. BS, Queen's University University. Intracellular calcium; effects of vascular smooth-muscle cells. (Northern Ireland); MS, PhD, London second messengers on internal calcium; neuro• University (United Kingdom). Role of gender glial interactions in invertebrate retina. Francesca LaVecchio Adjunct Assistant in modulating immune function. Professor of Psychiatry. BA, MS, University of Jacqueline Liederman Associate Professor of Rhode Island; PhD, Tufts University. Ruth R. Levine Associate Dean Lmerita for Psychology, College of Liberal Arts and School Assessment and rehabilitation. Graduate Biomedical Science Studies; of Medicine. BA, City University of New Chairman, Program in Medical Sciences; York, Queens College; PhD, University of Susan E. Leeman Professor of Pharmacology. University Professor Lmerita and Professor of Rochester. Visuospatial, perceptual disorders; BA, Goucher College; PhD, Radcliffe Pharmacology Lmerita. BA, City University aging/developmental disorders. College. Physiological effects of the peptides of New York; MA, Columbia University; PhD, substance P and neurotensin; regulation of Tufts University Joseph Loscaizo Director of the Whitaker gene expression of these peptides and their Cardiovascular Institute; Professor of Medicine receptors. and Research Professor of Biochemistry. MD, PhD, University of Pennsylvania.

Hector Alberto Lucero Assistant Professor of Physiology. Lie. Biochem., National University of Rosaria (Argentina); PhD, University of Buenos Aires (Argentina). Molecular biology of a high capacity, low affinity calcium-binding protein in the endoplasmic reticulum.

Ronald P. McCaffrey Professor of Medicine. AB, Boston College; MD, Tufts University

Edward F. MacNIchoi, Jr. Professor of Physiology. AB, Princeton University; PhD, Johns Hopkins University. Microspectro• photometric studies in isolated vertebrate photoreceptors.

Richard Mandel Associate Professor of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Assistant Research Professor of Biochemistry. BA, State University of New York, Binghamton; MS, PhD, University of Chicago. Lnvironmental carcinogenesis and mutagenesis; somatic-cell mutations; genetics.

Ann Marshak-Rothstein Professor of Microbiology and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; Assistant Professor of Public Health (Lnvironmental Health), School of Public Health. BA, Washington University; PhD, University of Pennsylvania. Lymphoid engraftment and autoantibody production in MRL mice.

Judith Marquis Adjunct Associate Professor of Pharmacology. BS, Trinity College; PhD, University of Vermont College of Medicine. Preclinical drug development. Administration and Faculty

Bernice M. Martin Assistant Research Mary Johanna Murnane Associate Professor of Frank Oppenheim Professor of Oral Biology Professor of Biochemistry. BA, City University Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and and Periodontology, Goldman School of of New York; PhD, State University of New Assistant Research Professor of Biochemistry. Graduate Dentistry; Associate Professor of York, Downstate Medical Center BA, College of New Rochelle; MPhil, PhD, Biochemistry. DMD, MS, University of Yale University. Somatic-cell and molecular Zurich (Switzerland); PhD, Boston University Joel Maslow Assistant Professor of Medicine genetics of human proteases; gene structure and Microbiology. BA, LaSalle University; and regulation. Deepak N. Pandya Professor of Anatomy and MS, Drexel University; PhD, University of Neurobiology and Research Professor of Virginia; MD, Jefferson Medical College. John R. Murphy Research Professor of Neurology. MD, Gujarat University (India). Microbial pathogenesis of Medicine, Microbiology and Biochemistry. Investigation of the cortical and subcortical E. coli and M. Avium. BA, MS, PhD, University of Connecticut. connections in the primate brain. Structure and function of cytokine-toxin Robert F. Meenan Professor of Medicine, fusion proteins. Hee Young Park Assistant Research Professor Chairman and Professor of Socio-Medical of Biochemistry. PhD, Massachusetts Institute Sciences; Director of the School of Public Richard Hepworth Myers Associate Professor of Technology Health and Professor of Public Health. AB, of Neurology. BA, University of Kansas; MLd, Harvard College; MD, MBA, Boston MA, PhD, Georgia State University. Genetic Steven M. Paul Adjunct Professor of University; MPH, University of California, component in neurological disorders of mid• Pharmacology; Director, IRP, NIMH, Berkeley life and late life, such as Huntington's disease. Bethesda, MD. BA, MS, MD, Tulane University. Mechanisms of action of centrally James C. Melby Professor of Medicine and Margaret Naeser Associate Research Professor acting pharmacologic agents, neuro• Physiology. BS, MD, University of Minnesota. of Neurology (Psycholinguistics). BA, Smith transmitters, and hormones. Lndocrinology of adrenal cortex and blood College; PhD, University of Wisconsin. pressure regulation. Language disorders and brain imaging. Bertram Payne Associate Professor of Anatomy and Neurobiology. BSc, PhD, Aubrey Milunsky Professor of Pediatrics, Kalldas Nandy Professor of Anatomy and University of Durham (Lngland). Anatomical Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pathology and Neurobiology. MD, University of Calcutta and functional organization of the visual Laboratory Medicine; Director, Center for (India); PhD, Lmory University. Mammalian system. Human Genetics, Boston University Medical aging in vivo and in vitro; neurobiology of Center; Professor of Biology, College of aging; nutritional and pharmacological L. Bruce Pearce Assistant Professor of Liberal Arts. MC, BCh, University of manipulation of the aging process. Pharmacology. BA, University of Witwatersrand (South Africa). Genetic Massachusetts, Boston; PhD, State University disorders of neurological interest. Enrico Nasi Associate Professor of Physiology. of New York, Buffalo. Neuropharmacological BA, Universidad de los Andes (Colombia); and biochemical studies of the mechanisms Isabelle M. Mintz Assistant Professor of MA, PhD, Bryn Mawr College. Light- underlying presynaptic receptor regulation of Pharmacology. PhD, University of Paris dependent ionic channels; role of intracellular neurotransmission in brain, heart, and (Prance). Optical imaging of synaptic activity. calcium in regulation of photoreceptor cells. peripheral nerve preparations.

S. Alex Mitsialis Assistant Professor of Matthew Nugent Assistant Professor of Edward W. Pelikan Professor of Medicine and Pharmacology. AB, Princeton Biochemistry and Ophthalmology. BA, PhD, Pharmacology; Professor of Sociomedical University; MA, PhD, Columbia University. Brandeis University. Regulation of cell Sciences and Community Medicine, School of Transcriptional regulation of development proliferation by growth factors and the Public Health. BS, MS, MD, University of processes and molecular biology of nuclear extracellular matrix. Illinois. Lvaluation of curriculum, and hormone receptors. development and evaluation of teaching Michael J. O'Brien Professor of Pathology and materials; history of the interpretation of dose- Edward J. Modest Research Professor of Laboratory Medicine; Associate Director, effect relationships. Biochemistry. AB, AM, PhD, Harvard Mallory Institute. MB, BCh, BAD, National University University of Ireland, Galway Medical School; Susan P. Perrine Professor of Pediatrics BSc, National University of Ireland; MRC (Boston City Hospital) and Pharmacology. BA, Frederick L. Moolten Associate Professor of (Pathology and Laboratory Medicine), Royal Mills College; SM, Harvard University School Microbiology. AB, Harvard College; MD, College of Pathologists (Lngland). Pathology; of Public Health; MMS, Rutgers University Harvard University. Cancer molecular biology. early detection and progression of Medical School; MD, Tufts University School gastrointestinal malignancy; tumor markers. of Medicine. Development of new drugs for Robert B. Moreland Assistant Professor of treatment of hemoglobinopathies. Urology and Physiology. BS, Southeastern Paul M. O'Bryan Assistant Dean, Health Louisiana University; PhD, University of Science Programs, College of Liberal Arts; Alan Peters Chairman, Department of Tennessee. Kidney function. Associate Professor of Physiology. BS, Brescia Anatomy and Neurobiology; Professor of College; PhD, Tulane University Anatomy and Neurobiology. BSc, PhD, Peter J. Morgane Visiting Professor of University of Bristol (Lngland). Organization Psychiatry (Neurophysiology). BS, Tulane Clare O'Callaghan Assistant Professor of of the neurons in the cerebral cortex and the University; MS, PhD, Northwestern Psychiatry (Nursing). RN, Georgetown effects of aging on these neurons. University University; LdD, Boston University Constance Phillips Research Assistant Shirley Morris Assistant Research Professor of Gwynneth D. Offner Assistant Research Professor (Biotechnology). MPH, Boston Biochemistry. BA, PhD, Boston University Professor of Biochemistry; Associate Research University School of Public Health Professor of Medicine. BA, Wellesley College; Mark B. Moss Associate Professor of Anatomy PhD, Boston University Paul F. Pilch Professor of Biochemistry and and Neurobiology. BS, University of Research Professor of Biophysics. BA, Temple Massachusetts; MA, PhD, Northeastern Jane S. O'Hern Professor of Lducation, School University; PhD, Purdue University. Cell University. Neurohiological basis of memory of Lducation; Associate Professor of Psychiatry biology and biochemistry of growth factor in primates. (Psychology). BS, LdD, Boston University; receptors; cell biology of insulin action. MA, Michigan State University

— 57 — Administration and Faculty

Richard C. Pillard Professor of Psychiatry. BA, Nadia A. Rosenthal Adjunct Associate Karl Schmid Professor Lmeritus of Antioch College; MD, University of Professor of Biochemistry. BA, Harvard Biochemistry. MA, PhD, University of Basel Rochester. Psychiatric and gender disorders. College; PhD, Harvard Medical School (Switzerland)

Peter R. Polgar Professor of Biochemistry. BA, Carl E. Rosow Adjunct Associate Professor of David Sassoon Assistant Professor of University of California, Los Angeles; MS, Pharmacology. AB, Oberlin College; MD, Molecular Biology, Mt. Sinai Medical Center; Tufts University; PhD, Boston University. PhD, Boston University. Clinical evaluation of Adjunct Assistant Professor of Biochemistry. Interaction between effector molecules and opioids. PhD, Columbia University cellular response in terms of phospha- Barbara M. Schreiber Assistant Research tidylinositol turnover and the effect of OTP- Kenneth j. Rothschild Professor of Professor of Biochemistry. BA, State Uni• binding proteins. Physiology; Professor of Physics, College of Liberal Arts. BS, Rensselaer Polytechnic versity of New York, Buffalo; PhD, Boston Charalahos Pothoulakis Assistant Research Institute; PhD, Massachusetts Institute of University. The effect of hyperlipoproteinimic Professor of Medicine; Research Instructor of Technology. Raman spectroscopy; advanced conditions on cultured aortic smooth muscle Biochemistry. MD, Aristotelian University of techniques for selective incorporation of cells. Thessaloniki, (Greece) isotope labels into membrane proteins. Lucia Schuger Assistant Professor of Pathology Penny Prather Assistant Professor of Thomas L Rothstein Associate Professor and Laboratory Medicine. MD, Buenos Aires Neurology (Neuropsychology) and Psychiatry. of Medicine and Assistant Professor of University Medical School (Argentina). AB, Mount Holyoke College; MS, PhD, Tufts Microbiology. MD, PhD, Duke University. Developmental biology; epitheliomes- University. Studies in visuospatial, attention, Molecular mechanisms underlying B cell enchyma organogenesis. and other perceptual disorders; aging/ activation. developmental disorders. Faina Schwartz Research Assistant Professor Nell B. Ruderman Professor of Medicine of Pediatrics. BA, Washington University; Katya RavId Assistant Professor of Bio• and Physiology. BA, Columbia College; MD, PhD, University of Illinois at Chicago chemistry. BS, DSc/PhD, Technion, Israel University of Pittsburgh; DPhil, Oxford Institute of Technology (Israel). Genetic and University (Lngland). Insulin action in John H. Schwartz Assistant Professor of signaling factors regulating the development mammalian tissues and cultured cells; insulin Laboratory Medicine and Medicine. BA, and function of hemopoietic lineages, using action, gene expression, and diacylglycerol Boston University; MD, New York University transgenic mice models. protein kinase C signaling in skeletal muscle. School of Medicine

Rahul Ray Assistant Professor of Medicine Shelley J. Russek Instructor of Pharmacology. Barbara Seaton Associate Professor of and Assistant Research Professor of Physiol• AB, University of California, San Diego; PhD, Physiology. BS, Brooklyn College; PhD, ogy. BSc, Presidency College (India); PhD, Boston University. Transcriptional regulation Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Relationship of macromolecular structure and Washington State University. Structure- of ligand-gated ion channels in the CNS. function studies of molecular interactions cellular function, using X-ray crystallography. between metabolites of vitamin D and Hugues J. P. Ryser Professor of Pathology and Larry Seldman Assistant Professor of respective receptor proteins; vitamin D ana• Laboratory Medicine, Pharmacology, and Psychiatry (Psychology). BA, City College of logs with potential therapeutic applications. Biochemistry; Professor of Sociomedical Sciences and Community Medicine and Public New York; MA, PhD, Boston University. V. B. Reddy Associate Research Professor of Health (Lnvironmental Health), School of Psychiatric disorders. Biochemistry. PhD, Indian Institute of Science Public Health. MD, University of Berne SIsIr S. Sengupta Associate Research Professor (India). Structure function studies of lysyl (Switzerland). In vitro investigation of tumor- of Pharmacology, Obstetrics, and Gynecology. oxidase. cell response to drugs, endocytosis, and BSc, MSc, Calcutta University (India); PhD, processing of macromolecular drug carriers. Oscar Resnick Visiting Professor of Psychiatry Jadavpur University (India). Development of (Neurochemistry). AB, Clark University; MA, Devaki N. Sadhu Research Assistant Professor actinomycin D analogues for chemotherapy. Harvard University; PhD, Boston University. of Pediatrics. BS, MSc, PhD, Osmania Jacqueline Sharon Professor of Pathology and Aging/developmental disorders; nutrition and University Laboratory Medicine. BA, MA, Queens the central nervous system. Inlgo Saenz de Tejada Associate Research College; MPhil, PhD, Columbia University. Peter A. Rice Associate Professor of Medicine Professor of Physiology and Associate Professor Molecular engineering of therapeutic and Microbiology. BA, Yale University; MD, of Medicine. MD, Universidad Autonoma de antibodies and T cell receptors. University of Pennsylvania. Immunologic Madrid (Spain). Renal physiology. Daniel Shaw Associate Clinical Professor of mechanisms of human antibody interactions Psychiatry. BS, City University of New York, with bacterial cell surfaces. Judith Dana Saide Associate Professor of Physiology. AB, Vassar College; PhD, Boston City College; MD, New York University Adrianne E. Rogers Associate Chairman, University. Organization of Z-band proteins in Medical School Department of Pathology and Laboratory Drosophila flight muscle. David Sherr Assistant Professor of Pathology Medicine; Professor of Pathology and and Laboratory Medicine; Assistant Professor Laboratory Medicine and Director, Office of David J. Salant Professor of Medicine and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine. MB, of Public Health (Environmental Health), Medical Lducation; Professor of Public Health School of Public Health. BA, Brandeis (Lnvironmental Health), School of Public BCh, University of Witwatersrand Medical School (South Africa). Cellular and molecular University; PhD, Cornell University. Health. AB, Radcliffe College; MD, Harvard Carcinogens and B cell development. University. Nutritional influence on basis of immunologic glomeruler injury. carcinogenesis and chemical toxicity. Julie H. Sandell Assistant Professor of Anatomy Michael A. ShIa Assistant Professor of Medicine and Assistant Research Professor of Douglas L. Rosene Associate Professor of and Neurobiology. AB, Princeton University; PhD, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Biochemistry. BA, Reed College; PhD, Anatomy and Neurobiology. AB, Stanford Boston University University; PhD, University of Rochester. Anatomy and development of the veterbrate Morphology and connections in the olfactory retina. Osamu Shimomura Adjunct Professor of and limbic system. Physiology. BS, Nagasaki College of Pharmacology (Japan); PhD, Nagoya

— 58 — Administration and Faculty

University (Japan). Aequorins for calcium Barbara Smith Professor of Biochemistry. BS, Sergei P. Sorokin Research Professor of assay; mechanism of bioluminescence. Simmons College; MA, PhD, Boston Anatomy and Neurobiology. AB, Harvard University. Changes in gene expression of College; MD, Harvard University. Cell biology G. Graham Shipley Professor of Biophysics and connective tissue components associated with of the respiratory system with emphasis on Biochemistry. BSc, PhD, DSc, University of transformation and differentiation. morphological and functional connections. Nottingham (England). Structure-function relationships in lipid-containing biological Bernard Smith Associate Professor of H. Eugene Stanley Director, Center for systems, particularly cell membranes, serum Medicine. AB, Fordham University; MD, New Polymer Studies; University Professor; lipoproteins, and arterial and brain tissue. York University Medical School Professor of Physics, College of Liberal Arts; Professor of Physiology, School of Medicine. Elizabeth R. Simons Professor of Biochemistry Cassandra L. Smith Professor of BA, Wesleyan University; PhD, Harvard and Research Professor of Biophysics. BChE, Pharmacology; Professor of Biomedical University. Properties of gels and other systems Cooper Union; MS, PhD, Yale University. Lngineering, Deputy Director, Center for that form molecular networks, using laser Stimulus-response coupling in secretory cells: Advanced Biotechnology, College of Raman spectroscopy, Fournier transform identification of specific receptors and Lngineering. BA, West Virginia University; infrared spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, mechanisms of information transduction in MS, West Virginia University School of microscopy, and measurements of bulk platelets, in phagocytic cells, and in their Medicine; PhD, Texas A & M University. properties such as viscosity. precursor cells; role of platelets and endothelial Gene engineering. cells in the progression of Alzheimer's disease. Raymond E. Stephens Professor of Physiology. Temple F. Smith Professor of Pharmacology; BS, Geneva College; MS, University of F. Marott Sinex Professor of Biochemistry, Professor of Biomedical Lngineering and Pittsburgh; PhD, Dartmouth College. Tubulin BA, DePauw University; AM, Indiana Director of Biomolecular Lngineering and associated proteins in microtubule University; PhD, Harvard University. Research Center (BMLRC), College of assembly and membrane dynamics; neuronal, Environmental factors in early development Lngineering. BS, Purdue University; MS, hormonal, and ionic control of ciliary and that affect incidence of dementia. PhD, University of Colorado. Syntactic and flagellar movement. semantic structure of genetic information in Jean D. SIpe Research Professor of biomolecular sequences, application of Robert A. Stern Adjunct Assistant Professor of Biochemistry. BS, Iowa State University; MS, computer science, and mathematical methods Behavioral Neuroscience. BA, Wesleyan University of Washington; PhD, University of for genome sequencing and analysis. University; PhD, University of Rhode Island. Maryland. Role of the apoSAA acute phase Psychiatric disorders; aging/developmental response proteins in host defense. Gordon L Snider Professor of Medicine and disorders; AIDS. Associate Professor of Biochemistry. MD, Donald M. Small Chairman, Department University of Toronto (Canada) Phillip J. Stone Professor of Biochemistry. BS, of Biophysics; Professor of Biophysics, Swarthmore College; MS, University of Biochemistry, and Medicine. AB, Occidental Gall E. Sonenshein Professor of Biochemistry. Pennsylvania; PhD, Temple University. The College; BA, MA, Oxford University BS, Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute; PhD, connective tissue protein, elastin; its enzymatic (England); MD, University of California, Los Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Role of destruction and repair in vitro and in vivo. Angeles. Physical properties of fats, oils, oncogenes and growth-related genes in control detergents, lipids, proteins, and lipid-protein of cell proliferation; relationship between Alan Sugar Assistant Professor of Medicine. interactions. growth and collagen gene expression in aortic MD, Jefferson Medical College smooth muscle cells.

— 59 — Administration and Faculty

Kathy K. H. Svoboda Associate Professor of Louis Vachon Chairman and Professor, Leslie Wolfe Instructor, Biochemistry. BS, Anatomy and Neurobiology. BS, MS, PhD, Division of Psychiatry. BA, MD, University of PhD, Boston University University of Nebraska. Functional and Montreal (Canada). Psychiatric disorders; Herbert H. WotIz Professor Lmeritus of structural relationships between the basement psychoanalysis; asthma. Biochemistry; Professor of Urology. BSc, membrane, epithelial cytoskeleton, and Deborah W. Vaughan Associate Professor of Providence College; PhD, Yale University. epithelial metabolism. Anatomy and Neurobiology. BA, University of Herman E. Wyandt, Jr. Associate Professor of Ete Szuts Adjunct Associate Professor of Vermont; PhD, Boston University. Effects of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Physiology. BA, Houghton College; MA, aging on the neurons of the motor system. Director, Cytogenetics Laboratory. BA, Columbia University; PhD, Johns Hopkins Western Washington State College; MS, PhD, University. Signal transduction in sensory Mieke H. Verfaellie Assistant Professor of Oregon State University. receptor cells; biophysical properties of Neurology (Neuropsychology). BA, MA, retinoids in aeqeous environment. PhD, University of Lou vain (Belgium). Pathology of learning and memory; QIang Yu Assistant Research Professor of Biochemistry. PhD, Brandeis Alfred 1. Tauber Professor of Medicine and visuospatial and perceptual disorders. Pathology and Laboratory Medicine. BS, MD, Glen B. Zamansky Associate Professor of Tufts University. Biochemical characterization Joseph J. Vitale Professor of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Sociomedical Microbiology. BA, Brandeis University; PhD, of the activated human neutrophil; definition Harvard University. Photobiology/system of pathways of activation. Sciences (Nutrition). BS, Northeastern University; MS, New York University; ScD, lupus erythematosus/virology. Linda Taylor Assistant Research Professor of Harvard University. Infectious disease; Ken Zaner Associate Professor of Medicine; Biochemistry. AB, Brown University; PhD, nutrition and immunology. Assistant Research Professor of Biochemistry. Boston University. Molecular biology of W. Mark Vogel Adjunct Associate Professor of BS, Brooklyn College; MD, PhD, State receptors. Pharmacology and Assistant Professor of University of New York Downstate Medical Center Douglas L. Tillotson Associate Professor of Medicine. BA, Temple University; PhD, Physiology. BA, PhD, University of California, University of Michigan. Pulmonary and Vassllls I. Zannis Professor of Biochemistry Los Angeles. Role of intracellular calcium in cardiovascular pharmacology. and Medicine. BS, University of Athens secretory response of adrenal cortex cells. Ladislav Volicer Professor of Pharmacology (Greece); PhD, University of California, Berkeley. Transcriptional regulation of the Keith Tornheim Associate Professor of and Psychiatry and Assistant Professor of apolipoprotein genes; structure and function of Biochemistry. BS, Antioch College; PhD, Medicine. PhD, Academy of Sciences human apoB and apoA-I; genetic variation and Brandeis University. Regulation of fuel and (Czechoslovakia); MD, Charles University posttranslational modification of energy metabolism. (Czechoslovakia). Neurotoxic effects of free radicals and formation of endogenous apolipoproteins. Paul A. Toselli Associate Professor of neurotoxins by free radical reactions, effects of Raphael A. Zoeller Assistant Professor of Biochemistry. BA, La Salle College; PhD, partially oxidized serotonin, a potent inhibitor Biophysics and Assistant Research Professor of University of Pennsylvania; MD, Hahnemann of GTP-binding proteins; role of neurotoxins Medicine. BS, University of Maine; PhD, School of Medicine. Cellular responses of in normal aging and in pathological conditions Texas A&M University cultured arterial smooth muscle cells to laser such as stroke and Alzheimer's disease. injury, using ultrastructural and biochemical Lawrence C. Zoller Associate Professor of methods. Carol T. Walsh Associate Professor of Anatomy and Neurobiology. BA, University of Pharmacology. AB, Radcliffe College; PhD, Pennsylvania; PhD, Rutgers University. Philip C. Trackman Assistant Research Boston University. Pharmacokinetics, metal Development and modulation of hormonal Professor of Biochemistry; Assistant Professor toxicology. systems. of Periodontology and Oral Biology. BA, College of Wooster; PhD, Boston University Mary T. Walsh Assistant Professor of Biophysics and Research Instructor of Ahdulmaged M. Traish Associate Professor of Biochemistry. BS, Simmons College; PhD, Biochemistry. BSc, University of Tripoli Brown University (Libya); MA, PhD, Boston University. Mechanixm of action of steroid hormones. Roberta F. White Assistant Professor of Neurology (Neuropsychology). BA, Michigan Vickery Trinkaus-Randall Associate Professor State Univesity; MA, PhD, Wayne State of Opthalmology and Associate Research University. Pathology of learning and memory; Professor of Biochemistry. BS, Kenyon visuospatial and perceptual disorders. College; PhD, University of Wisconsin. Synthetic response (i.e., integrins and Allan F. Wiechmann Associate Professor of proteoglycans) of cells in injury and repair. Anatomy and Neurobiology. BS, University of California, Davis; PhD, University of Robert F. Troxler Professor of Biochemistry. California, Los Angeles. Role of the hormone BA, Grinnell College; MS, Pennsylvania State melatonin in the retina and brain. University; PhD, University of Chicago. Structure and function of proteins, including Celeste R. WIrslg-Wlechmann Assistant fatty acid-binding proteins from heart and Professor of Anatomy and Neurobiology. BA, skeletal muscle, phycobiliproteins from Wells College; PhD, University of Florida. photosynthetic eukaryotes, and histidine-rich Relationship between gonadotropin releasing salivary proteins. hormone (GnRH) system and the chemosensory systems. William C. Ullrick Professor Lmeritus of Physiology. BS, Northwestern University; MS, PhD, University of Illinois

— 60 — ACADEMIC POLICIES AND PROCEDURES

The following general regulations concern courses at the option of the major depart• ton, MA 02118. A nonrefundable applica• all graduate students in the Division of Grad• ment. Further information is available from tion fee of $50 must be submitted with each uate Medical Sciences at Boston University the Division of Graduate Medical Sciences, application. Applicants must also submit the School of Medicine. Each student is respon• Boston University School of Medicine, 80 credentials listed below. These materials sible for becoming familiar with the general East Concord Street, Boston, MA 02118; become the property of the University; nei• regulations of the Division and the more 617/638-5120. ther originals nor copies will be returned. specific requirements of the individual Application Applications and instructions 1. Official transcripts or records of each col• departments or programs, which may sup• for submission of complete credentials may lege or university attended. A college plement the Division regulations. be obtained from the Division of Graduate senior should submit an official report Medical Sciences, Boston University School of the work completed through the Admission of Medicine, 80 East Concord Street, Bos• first semester of the senior year as early as possible. Qualifications for Admission Any person who has completed all requirements for a baccalaureate degree from a recognized col• lege or university, or with equivalent educa• tion, may apply for admission to the Division of Graduate Medical Sciences. The student may be required to make up any deficiencies in academic background by completion of specified courses without credit.

Admissions Requirements All applicants for admission to one of the basic science depart• ments are required to submit the results of the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) General Test. The Subject Test in Biochem• istry and Molecular Biology, Biology, Chemistry, or another pertinent subject is also required for PhD applicants. This requirement may be waived only under spe• cial circumstances and only for an applicant with a superior academic record. Other tests may be substituted for the GRE with special permission. The candidate must have met the requirements for a baccalaureate degree with a strong background in the biological and physical sciences (a minimum of 28 credits or the equivalent). A 4-credit course is defined as 4 lecture hours per week for one semester. The candidate must also have com• pleted the special prerequisites of the depart• ment or program in which the student is matriculating. Prerequisite courses not completed before registration may he com• pleted while the candidate is in residence as a graduate student, hut may not he presented for graduate credit. The candidate is subject to examination on any of these prerequisite Academic Policies and Procedures

2. Letters of recommendation from three 4. Certified copies and certified English pleted application and a transcript of the faculty members. translations of all academic achieve• most recent degree awarded should be sub• 3. Official test results of the Graduate ments in each college or university mitted along with the application fee. Record Examination (GRE) (General attended. Results of the Graduate Record Examina• Test and Subject Test where required). 5. The results of the Test of English as tion are not required. Results of the Medical College Admis• a Foreign Language are required for Application for a change from nondegree sions Test (MCAT) may be substituted each student whose native language to degree status must be made before the with prior approval. is not English. The Test of English as admission deadline for the semester of in• a Foreign Language is administered tended enrollment. Except under unusual The GRE is given in October, December, once each month throughout the year. circumstances, no more than 8 credits for an February, April, and June (General Test only) The TOEFL Bulletin of Information and MA degree program or 16 credits for of each year and should be taken no later registration form can be obtained at a PhD degree program may be credited than October for consideration for admis• American embassies and consulates, sion the following fall semester. For GITE toward the degree, and only if the grades offices of the United States Informa• application materials and information, con• received are B or higher. tion Service (USIS), U.S. education tact the Educational Testing Service, P.O. commissions and foundations abroad, Box 6000, Princeton, NJ 08541-6000; 609/ General Policies and Procedures binational centers, and certain private 771-7670. organizations. Applicants who cannot Governing Graduate Study In addition to the above, applicants who obtain a TOEEL Bulletin and registra• Research Advisor A candidate for the MA or have twice been rejected for admission must tion form locally should write for them PhD degree is required to have, as a research submit a letter of approval for application well in advance to TOEFL/TSE Ser• advisor, a full member of the Division of from the current Director of Graduate Stud• vices, P.O. Box 6151, Princeton, NJ Graduate Medical Sciences faculty. This ies for the department or program to which 08541-6151, USA; 609/951-1100. advisor must be a member of the major they seek admission. 6. The results of the Graduate Record department, if the major department so Deadlines All applications and credentials for Examinations (General and Subject requires. The research advisor is always the admission to doctoral degree programs for Test). The Graduate Record Examina• first reader of the MA thesis/PhD disserta• the fall semester should normally be submit• tion is administered in October, tion. Under certain circumstances, a Special ted by March 31. Late applications will be December, February, April, and June Faculty Appointee may serve as first reader. considered with prior approval. Because (General Test only). To take this test, When the first reader/research advisor only applications for admission with financial aid write for information and registration has a Special Faculty Appointment in the are reviewed as they are received, early appli• materials to Graduate Record Exami• Division, then the second reader of the the• cation is recommended. The deadline for nations, Educational Testing Service, sis/dissertation must be, at a minimum, a full masters candidates is normally March 31, P.O. Box 6000, Princeton, NJ 08541- member of the Division, or depending upon except for the MA in Medical Science which 6000, USA; 609/771-7670. departmental requirements, a full member of has no deadline. Contact the Director of the major department or program. International students must provide evi• Graduate Studies for the department or pro• dence of financial resources adequate to Directed Study or Research Students may gram of interest to determine the status of cover travel to and from Boston and for register for directed study or research with the admissions process. For those depart• tuition and living costs for at least one full the approval of the faculty member con• ments that accept new students in the spring year at Boston University. Immigration reg• cerned. The minimum registration is a 2- semester, applications should be submitted ulations prohibit international students from credit course. A candidate for the MA degree by October 15. accepting any employment except Univer• may register for not more than 16 credits in Applicants from Other Countries Application sity appointments during the first year of directed study or research. materials may be obtained from the Division study in the United States. Information and Transfer of Credit Graduate-level courses in of Graduate Medical Sciences, Boston Uni• assistance regarding governmental regula• other accredited graduate schools or in other versity School of Medicine, 80 East Concord tions and University services may be Schools or Golleges of Boston University Street, Boston, MA 02118. A nonrefundable obtained by writing to the International not used toward the awarding of any other application fee of $50 musthe submitted with Students and Scholars Office, 19 Deerfield degree, may be transferred on recommenda• each application. All credentials must be in Street, Boston, MA 02215. For further tion of the major advisor and the chairman of English. The following credentials are advice and assistance in seeking admission, the department with the approval of the required in order to complete an application: international students should consult the Gommittee on Academic Standards of the 1. The completed, signed admissions nearest U.S. embassy, consulate, or informa• Division. Gredit for work to be taken con• application. tion center. currently with studies in the Division must 2. The completed, signed International Nondegree Applicants A person with an be approved before registration for such Student Data Form and a declaration accredited bachelor's degree or its foreign courses; all such courses must be taken for a of financial support including support• equivalent who is qualified for graduate letter grade (not pass/fail). No transfer of ing documentation. work, but who does not wish to enter a credit for courses taken before the senior year 3. At least three letters of recommenda• degree program, may apply to a department of college will be accepted. Forms for trans• tion from faculty members in biomed• or program in the Division of Graduate fer of credit petitions are available from the ical sciences. Medical Sciences for admission as a special Division of Graduate Medical Science. student with nondegree status. The com•

— 62 — Academic Policies and Procedures

MA degree program No more than 8 credits may be transferred from other universities, unless a department or program requires more than 32 credits. A student may transfer additional courses corresponding to that number required in excess of the eight. Posthachelor's PhD program No more than 16 credits may be transferred from other univer• sities. Of these, only 8 credits may be cred• ited toward a master's degree. If a department or program requires more than the mini• mum of 64 credits, a student may transfer an additional number of courses corresponding to that number required in excess of the 64. Post-master's PhD program No courses may be transferred from other universities, unless a department requires more than the mini• mum of 32 credits. A student may transfer the number of courses corresponding to that number required in excess of the 32.

Summer Term Certain courses taken during the summer term at Boston University may be credited toward the MA and PhD degrees if prior approval is obtained from the candi• 1 date's major department or program. The Transfer Between Departments Students Credits Gredit toward a degree will only be number of credits that can be earned in one may, under certain circumstances, transfer obtained from a passing grade. session is limited to 6 credits. Graduate stu• between departments if they (1) are in good dents who do not wish to enroll for courses incomplete Coursework and Falling Grades academic standing, (2) have received written but wish to complete a departmental When the work of a course has not been approval from the chairman or director of requirement such as comprehensive, qualify• completed within the semester of registra• graduate studies in the present department ing, or dissertation examination, or to use tion, the grade of I is used. A grade of I can prior to applying for a transfer, (3) have the University facilities must register for one only be given if a student is doing passing received written approval of the Chairman summer term by paying the Continuing Stu• work. This automatically becomes a perma• or Director of Graduate Studies in the new dent fee. nent 1 (unsatisfactory grade) unless the department, and, (4) have received written coursework is completed within the follow• Continuing Students MA and PhD candi• approval from the Associate Director of the ing calendar year. Grades of 1 and G+ or dates who have completed all departmental Division of Graduate Medical Sciences. lower are interpreted as failures. A student course requirements must register each sub• receiving such grades in total of 8 credit sequent semester as continuing students until Grades The Division of Graduate Medical hours is terminated. A student receiving a all requirements for the degree have been Sciences uses the following system of letter failing grade will not be permitted to take a completed. Payment of the Continuing Stu• grades for evaluation. Graduate courses at make-up examination. dent fee each semester entitles the student to the 900 level will be graded by Pass/Fail appropriate access to and use of the libraries, only. Grade Changes Grades, including incom• research laboratories, academic staff, and Grade Explanation pletes, may not be changed after a period of other academic facilities of the University for A to B- Pass with credit one year from the time the original grade is the purpose of completing such require• G+ or below Considered failure recorded. ments as examinations, research, and thesis P Pass with credit or dissertation work. Continuing students F Fail Suspension or Dismissal Boston University, who are PhD candidates are entitled to audit 1 Incomplete, with additional through its various faculties or appropriate officially one course each semester without work required committees, may suspend or dismiss any stu• further tuition charge. Graduate courses at X Unresolved status dent from the University for reasons of the 900 level may not be audited. A student J Registration in same or unsatisfactory scholarship or conduct. who, in any semester, fails to register and has continuing course in the Petitions In presenting any request to the not been granted an official leave of absence following semester neces• faculty or to its several committees, students will be considered a continuing student and sary (excluding summers) will use the prescribed form, obtainable will be charged the usual fee for such status. AU Audit from the Division of Graduate Medical Failure to register for two consecutive regu• N No credit granted toward a Sciences. lar semesters without having been granted an graduate degree authorized leave of absence may result in ter• W Withdrew after five weeks Leave of Absence Normally, students must mination of degree status. MG Missing grade register for each regular semester until com• pletion of all degree requirements. Upon written petition and for appropriate cause, a student is allowed up to two semesters of — 63 — Academic Policies and Procedures

leave of absence without the necessity of dents will be subject to the rules and regula• submit to the Division of Graduate Medical committee consideration. Leaves of absence tions set forth in the Graduate Bulletin at the Sciences, during the official registration beyond two semesters are granted only in time of readmission; students who have out• period, a completed full-time certification exceptional cases, such as substantiated ill• standing financial obligations to the Univer• form approved by the advisor and depart• ness, one-semester maternity or paternity sity at the time of withdrawal or termination ment chairman or director of graduate leave, or military service. The student should will be required to meet those obligations as studies. petition the Associate Dean of the Division a condition of readmission; at the time of Part-time Students All part-time students of Graduate Medical Sciences with approval readmission, the student must provide a who are candidates for degrees must register of the chairman of the department or pro• detailed schedule of plans for completing each regular semester for no less than 4 cred• gram of concentration. the remaining degree requirements within its until all departmental course require• All requests for leave of absence must be specific time limits. ments are completed. Gontinuing students submitted within the first three weeks in the Payment of Student Accounts A student (see below) may register for less than one semester in which the leave is intended to with an outstanding balance with Student 4-credit course. begin. If leave is granted, a certificate of Accounting Services will not receive a grade authorized leave of absence is issued and a Continuing Students A degree candidate, report, transcript, or diploma until payment copy included in the student's record. after completing all departmental course has been made. The period of authorized leave of absence requirements, must register each regular is counted as a part of the time allowed for semester as a continuing student until all completion of degree requirements. Stu• Registration remaining degree requirements are com• dents may not complete any degree require• An officially registered student is one who pleted. Payment of the fee for this status ments in a semester for which they have been has submitted course selections on a regis• makes available to the student all academic granted leave of absence. Students must be tration form, paid or settled all charges, and facilities of the University and entitles PhD registered in the semester in which the received an approved receipt from the Office candidates to audit officially one course per degree requirements are completed and in of Student Accounting Services. semester. Students may not audit 9()()-level the preceding semester. Gandidates for admission may not register courses. Registration and payment of regular until they receive a formal statement of tuition and fees for at least one course Absence for Religious Reasons According to acceptance. Registration is conducted under exempts the student from the Gontinuing Ghapter 151G of the General Laws, Gom- the direction of the Division of Graduate Student fee. Gontinuing students may qual• monwealth of Massachusetts, any student in Medical Sciences. Graduate students should ify as full time according to the above regula• an educational or vocational training institu• consult the Division Office, 80 East Goncord tions. Normal part- and full-time fees are tion, other than a religious or denomina• Street, for detailed instruction concerning also applicable. tional educational or vocational training the procedure to be followed during the institution, who is unable, because of reli• announced registration period. Students Registration Deadlines The dates of the gious beliefs, to attend classes or to partici• must be registered for any regular semester official registration period are given in pate in any examination, study, or work or summer term during which a degree the semester's Class Schedule. Late fees are requirements on a particular day, shall be requirement is completed or University charged to students who do not register or excused from any such examination or study facilities are used. settle their tuition account during the official or work requirement, and shall be provided period. Students may not register later than Registration must be completed within with an opportunity to make up such exami• one week after the start of classes without the official registration period, the dates for nation, study, or work requirement that may written approval from the Associate Dean which are given in the semester's class have been missed because of such absence on of the Division. Students who are not regis• schedule. any particular day; provided, however, that tered by the deadline will have their financial Students may register by mail or in person, such makeup examination or work shall not assistance offers revoked. in any of the following categories: create an unreasonable burden upon such No students, including those with contin- school. No fees of any kind shall be charged Full-Time Students uing-student status, will be allowed to regis• by the institution for making available to the By enrollment: A student enrolled in 12 to 18 ter after the first week of classes. Students in said students such opportunity. No adverse credits will be considered full-time and will special programs that commence later in a or prejudicial effects shall result to any stu• be charged full tuition and fees. A student semester will not be allowed to register later dents because of their availing themselves of may register for more than 16 credits only than the end of the first week of the the provisions of this section. with approval of the Gommittee on Aca• program. demic Standards. Readmission to a Degree Program Students By certification: A student registered for fewer Cross-Registration Within Boston University: applying for readmission to the Division of than three courses or 12 credits (a minimum A student in an MA degree program nor• Graduate Medical Sciences are subject to the of 4 credits must be taken until all course- mally may elect not more than one gradu• following regulations: a minimum of two work requirements have been completed) ate-level semester course given by a School years must elapse from the time of with• but engaged otherwise in full-time study, or Gollege at Boston University other than drawal or termination before enrollment; research pertinent to the completion of the Division of Graduate Medical Sciences, reapplication must be accompanied by an degree requirements, or gaining competence unless the courses are listed in this bulletin. A application fee; if readmitted, the student in the field of study, may be certified as a full- student in a PhD degree program may elect may be asked to retake examinations or time student. Such a student must pay tuition not more than two such courses. Ah courses demonstrate knowledge in current issues in on a per-course basis and full-time fees. A must be approved by the student's major the field of specialization; readmitted stu• student desiring full-time certification must advisor and department.

— 64 — Academic Policies and Procedures

With Other Academic Institutions: Graduate ment exercises are held in May only. Students students who are no longer registered or School students who wish to cross-register planning to receive their degrees at the May who have graduated, legal documentation for a graduate course at another academic commencement must submit diploma appli• (e.g., a marriage license or court order) must institution should obtain a cross-registration cations by February 1. Students must submit be submitted to the Registrar along with the permit from the Division of Graduate Medi• diploma applications by July 1, for Septem• request for the change. Massachusetts resi• cal Sciences. Students must consult with ber graduation, and by November 1, for Jan• dents are required to submit a notarized let• their advisors, receive advisor approval on uary graduation. The diploma application is ter stating the reason for the change, and the the permit, and receive approval from the valid only for the graduation date specified; a old and new legal names. Division. They must then present this permit new application must be filed if the student Address Changes Students must notify the to the graduate school registrar of the host does not graduate as planned. Diploma Division of any local or home address institution. During any academic year, stu• applications and copies of the regulations on changes. To do this, a student should com• dents normally may receive only one regis• the preparation of theses and dissertations are plete a Personal Data Ghange form, available tration permit. Gross-registrants should available in the Division of Graduate Medi• from the Registrar. expect to satisfy all prerequisites and require• cal Sciences. ments for courses as indicated by the host institution. Tuition for such courses is Transcripts To request an academic tran• Administrative Policies Relating script of grades and coursework, a student charged at Boston University rates in the to Federal Guidelines usual manner. should submit a Transcript Request form to the Division of Graduate Medical Sciences. Veterans' Information In cooperation with Adding or Dropping a Course Students wish• Letter requests will be honored if they are the Veterans' Administration, the University ing to change their courses must fill out the signed and give complete information about participates in numerous veterans' benefits appropriate form from the Office of Gradu• attendance, including enrollment dates, Gol- programs, including educational assistance, ate Medical Sciences, obtain their advisor's lege(s) of registration, and degree(s) earned. Work-Study, rehabilitation, deferred pay• signature, and return the completed form to Official transcripts are mailed approximately ment, and tutorial programs. the Division Office. A request for late regis• two weeks after receipt of the request. The Any student who is eligible for veterans' tration in courses ordinarily cannot be transcript fee is $3 per copy, and payment benefits or would like more information granted after the first full week of classes. must accompany the request. For transcripts about VA rules and veterans' programs No course may be added after the first two sent express mail, add $7 per address. The should contact the Boston University Office weeks of class. express mail charge is subject to change of Veterans' Affairs, 881 Gommonwealth A course dropped during the first five depending on the carrier used. Unofficial Avenue, Boston, MA 02215; 617/353-2390. weeks of class will not appear on the student's transcripts for student use may be obtained Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act permanent record. After the first five weeks, from Division of Graduate Medical Sciences a dropped course will appear on the student's on a walk-in basis, Monday through Friday, The Family Educational Rights and Privacy record as W, and the student will be charged 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Act ensures confidentiality of student educa• for the course. Gourses may be dropped up tional records and restricts disclosure to or Identification Cards and Numbers Generally, to three weeks prior to the start of final access by third parties, except as authorized ID numbers are the same as Social Security examinations. After that point, no course by law. Parents of dependent students, as numbers. Students not possessing a Social may be dropped. Students who register for defined in Section 152 of the Internal Reve• Security number are assigned an ID number any course are held responsible for its com• nue Gode of 1954, are accorded full access by by the University. To change an incorrect ID pletion unless they officially withdraw by the the University to their dependents' educa• number, a student should present proof of deadline date or change to the status of audi• tional records, with certain exceptions, and the correct number (e.g., a Social Security tor before mid-semester. they may receive, each semester, copies of Gard or driver's license) to the Division their dependents' grade reports from the Auditing Courses An auditor is a student who Office. Full-time students are issued a photo Office of the University Registrar. The Uni• attends a class to acquire knowledge, but not ID card by the Registrar. Part-time students versity assumes that its undergraduate stu• to earn credits or a grade. Audited courses receive a nonphoto ID from the Registrar. dents are financially dependent unless the do not count toward completing degree Photo ID cards are made during on-campus parent or the student informs the Univer• requirements. A student may not change registration. Paid receipts must be shown sity Access Officer, in the Office of the auditing status after the fifth week of classes. before any card can be issued. A student is University Registrar, that the student is Auditors must attend classes regularly, do entitled to a new card only when there are financially independent. Students may pro• assigned reading, and participate in discus• changes to the information on the card. A vide this notification to the Access Officer sions, but they are excused from fee is charged for replacing a lost card. via the Financially Independent Student examinations. form, a copy of which may be secured from Name Changes or Corrections Misspelled Auditors are admitted to a course on a the Access Officer in the Office of the Uni• names can be corrected simply by presenting space-available basis and in accordance with versity Registrar. a current driver's license or University ID the rules of the School or Gollege offering Students have the right to inspect their card to the Registrar. the course. Auditors are subject to the full educational records, with certain exceptions. Gurrently enrolled students who wish to tuition and fees of the course. If they believe these records are inaccurate, change their names must present sufficient they may request an amendment and, if Graduation MA degrees are awarded in Sep• reason and identification to the Registrar. denied, have the right to a hearing and to tember, January, and May. PhD degrees are Upon approval, the student will be asked to place a letter of disagreement in their file awarded in January and May. Gommence- complete an ID/Name Ghange form. For if the outcome of that hearing is negative.

— 65 — Academic Policies and Procedures

Students are eligible under the Act to file The Student Activities Office (Associate this, the University will continue to imple• a complaint with the U.S. Department of Director, GSU, 775 Commonwealth Ave• ment affirmative action initiatives that pro• Education Family Policy and Regulations nue) and the Athletics Department (Direc• mote equal opportunity for all students, Office, Federal Office Building, Number tor, 285 Babcock Street) may release or applicants, and employees. Inquiries regard• 6, Room 3021, 400 Maryland Ave., S.W., publish personally identifiable information ing the application of this policy should be Washington, DC 20202, if they believe on students who participate in officially rec• addressed to Executive Director, Personnel Boston University failed to comply with ognized activities and sports. If students wish and Affirmative Action, 25 Buick Street, the requirements of the Act. to restrict release and/or publication of this Boston, MA 02215; 617/353-4477. The University's policies and procedures information, they should contact the Student Grievance and Arbitration Procedures under for implementation of this Act are enumer• Activities Office and the Athletics Depart• Title IX Students who believe they have been ated in the Compliance Manual, and copies are ment directly. discriminated against because of their race, available to students at the Office of the Uni• Students are informed of their rights color, creed, religion, ethnic origin, sex, age, versity Registrar, 881 Commonwealth Ave• under this law by the University Registrar. or physical disability may file, in writing, a nue, Second Floor, Boston, MA 02215. The parents of incoming freshmen and formal grievance with the Dean of Students. The University does not release person• transfer students each year are informed of The written statement should be as specific ally identifiable information contained their rights under this law, and how to exer• as possible regarding the action that precipi• in student educational records, except as cise them, by the Provost. tated the grievance: date, place, and people authorized by law. Boston University has Equal Opportunity Policy Boston University involved; efforts made to settle the matter designated certain types of personally iden• prohibits discrimination against any individ• informally; and the remedy sought. tifiable information as "directory informa• ual on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, Within one week of receiving the state• tion." It includes the student's name, local or age, national origin, physical or mental dis• ment, the Dean of Students will send a copy dorm address and telephone number. Col• ability, marital, parental, or veteran status. to the appropriate person. If the complaint lege of registration, degree program and This policy extends to all rights, privileges, raises an academic question, the statement major and minor, dates of attendance, part- programs, and activities, including admis• is sent to the dean of the School or Gollege and full-time status, degrees, honors, and sions, financial assistance, employment, involved; if a nonacademic unit is concerned, awards received, and hometown for press housing, athletics, and educational pro• the statement is sent to the administrative releases. Students may restrict release of this grams. Boston University recognizes that head of that unit. Individuals whose actions information, if they wish, and this data will nondiscrimination does not ensure that or inactions are the subject of the grievance not be released by the University, except as equal opportunity is a reality. Because of receive a copy from their dean or administra• authorized by law. tive head and have an opportunity to respond in writing. The dean or administrative head will try to meet with all concerned parties within two weeks of receiving the statement. He or she may receive both oral and written presentations and may make independent inquiry. Within one week after such a meeting, the dean or administrative head makes a decision as to the merits of the statement and appro• priate resolution of the grievance. Gopies of this decision are sent to the student, the indi• viduals whose actions are the subject of the grievance, the Dean of Students, and the Provost. If dissatisfied with the decision, the student may appeal to the Dean of Students, and from there to the Provost. A record of all formal grievances is kept in the Office of the Vice President and Dean of Students, East Tower of the George Sherman Union, 775 Gommonwealth Avenue, Bos• ton, MA 02215. Gopies of all written state• ments, letters, etc., relating to a grievance should be sent to that office.

Student Retention Information Statistics for the student retention rate at Boston Univer• sity are available on request from the Office of the Registrar, 881 Gommonwealth Ave• nue, in accordance with the Education Amendments of 1976, Section 493A. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

uition, fees, residence and board are any outstanding overdue debts to the insurance, and any special fees, personal charges, and any previous balance University, including, but not limited to, expenses, or other charges the student Tmust be paid in full each semester amounts owed in satisfaction of tuition, loan may incur. Current costs for such items before the official registration deadline. agreements, fees, and charges as well as mon• are given in the pages that follow. Invoices are mailed to preregistered students' ies owed for occupancy in University-owned Part-Time Students (1995-1996) permanent addresses several weeks before or -operated residences and for dining ser• (enrolled for 1/2 to 11 1/2 credits) the start of the semester. Payments made in vice. No student may withdraw from the advance of registration should be directed University in good standing or graduate Tuition: $607 per credit. to the Office of the Comptroller, P.O. Box from the University unless all current obli• Registration Fee: $40 per semester. 4105, Boston, MA 02215, at least three gations to the University are paid in full. weeks before classes start. Full-Time Students (1995-1996) Medical Insurance The University accepts MasterCard, (enrolled for 12 to 18 credits) The 1994/95 cost for full-time students Discover Card, and VISA. Checks must Tuition: $19,420 per year. (U.S. citizens and international) is $509 per be made payable to Boston University. Graduate Program Fee: year. The 1995/96 rate has not been Although the University does not offer Full-time students: $25 per semester. determined. its own deferred payment plan for full-time Part-time students: $10 per semester. Massachusetts law requires all students students, parents may arrange for financing carrying at least 75 percent of the full-time Please note that all students in the MD programs through private agencies. This should be curriculum to be covered under a qualifying are assessed $375 in the fall semester. done well before the start of the academic medical insurance plan. If the student does year. Information on such plans may be In figuring total expense, the student must not wish to participate in the Boston Uni• obtained by contacting Student Accounting add to the above tuition and fees his or versity Medical Insurance plan, he or she Services, 881 Commonwealth Avenue, Bos• her residence and board charges, medical must annually file a Medical Insurance ton, MA 02215; 617/353-2264. The Office of Financial Assistance, 881 Commonwealth Avenue, also provides ihformation on meet• ing college costs in their booklet, Financial Assistance: General Information. Deposits made on acceptance of the Uni• versity's offer of admission are credited to the student's semester bill. The University assumes no liability for failure to provide educational or related ser• vices arising out of or due to causes beyond the reasonable control of the University. The University will exert reasonable efforts to provide comparable or substantially equiva• lent services, but its inability to do so shall not subject it to liability. The Trustees of the University reserve the right to change tuition rates, fees, and residence and board charges at their discretion when it is deemed advisable.

Tuition and Mandatory Fees It has been and remains the policy of Boston University to withhold all diplomas, degrees, official transcripts, and other official recognition of work done at the University from students with respect to whom there Financial Information

Waiver form that certifies coverage under a comparable medical insurance plan. The Medical Insurance Waiver form should be returned to Student Accounting Services, 881 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215-1390. Part-time students are also eligible to pur• chase the medical insurance. For informa• tion, contact Student Accounting Services, 881 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215-1390. The insurance premium is subject to change.

Other Expenses The estimated cost of books and supplies is $775 per year. Approximately $1,025 to $2,725 should be allowed for incidental expenses, which vary with individual circumstances, such as transportation, laundry, clothing, recreation, and mis• cellaneous expenditures. Following are other charges that may form part of the cost of attending Boston University:

Application for Admission: $50.

Late Fee: A minimum late fee of $100 for full-time students and $50 for part-time students may be assessed to those students Room and Board Charges Suite in Shelton Hall: $4,620 per year. who complete their official registration Students assigned to dormitory-style Suite in 1019 Commonwealth Avenue: during the late registration period. residences are provided dining service as $4,620 per year. Transcripts: To request an academic tran• an integral part of the Residence License Single without private bath: $5,420 per year. script of grades and coursework, a student Agreement and are required to select a meal Single with private bath: $5,710 per year. should submit a Transcript Request form plan when signing this agreement. Students Apartment with two or more students: to the Office of the University Registrar. assigned to apartment-style residences have $5,180 per year. Letter requests will be honored if they are the option of contracting for a dining plan. Single room in an apartment (9 months, signed and give complete information about Those students electing this option must single occupancy): $6,270 per year. attendance, including enrollment dates, Col- complete a separate Optional Dining Plan Apartment with one student: $6,970 per year lege(s) of registration, and degree(s) earned. Contract. Payment or proof of payment is (9 months, single occupancy). Official transcripts are mailed approximately required at the time the contract is com• Board Charges—Dining Plans two weeks after receipt of the request. The pleted. Further information on dining (residence or contract) transcript fee is $3 per copy, and payment plans and the dining program is mailed Ultimate—276 Meal Plan must accompany the request. For transcripts to students with the Residence License (63,000 points)*: $2,990 sent express mail, add $7.50 per address. The Agreement. Optional Dining Plan Con• Dynamic Diner—230 Meal Plan express mail charge is subject to change tracts will be available for University apart• (93,000 points)*: $2,990 depending on the carrier used. Unofficial ment residents and off-campus students Flexible Diner—166 Meal Plan transcripts for student use may be obtained during on-campus registration in the fall. (150,000 points)*: $2,990 from the Office of the University Registrar The Trustees of the University reserve the Social Light—10 Meal Plan on a walk-in basis, Monday through Friday, right to change residence and board fees and (50,000 points)*: $2,990 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. to assess students for special services when Square Mealer—14 Meal Plan such action is deemed necessary. Current fees Replacement of Student Identification Cards: (22,000 points)*: $2,990 for the full academic year are listed below. $20; $5 for nonphoto ID cards. Traditional—20 Meal Plan Residence Charges (15,000 points)*: $3,198 Double, triple, and quad room: $4,110 per year. *Points listed for FY-96 only. Multiple-occupancy room in suite: $4,380 per year.

68 — Financial Information

Apartment Rentals not reduce a student's financial obligation University charges. The pro rata refund pol• Following are average monthly rates for pri• or guarantee that a final grade will not be icy permits Boston University to retain the vately owned, unfurnished apartments in the recorded. amount of charges that is proportional to the Boston University area. Generally, no A student who withdraws from the portion of the enrollment period that was utilities are included in the rental rate. University before classes start is eligible completed by the student. The policy is in to receive full credit of tuition and fees, effect for any withdrawal that occurs before Studios: $575-$675. excluding nonrefundable deposits and the the 60 percent point in the semester. One bedroom: $675-$775. application fee. No fees are returned after Two bedroom: $950-$!,300. classes start. Students withdrawing during the first two weeks of classes are eligible to FINANCIAL AID Withdrawals and Refunds receive a credit of 80 percent of their tuition A student who submits a Registration form only; during the third week, 60 percent; dur• Federal regulations restrict all federal funds for a semester and who decides not to attend ing the fourth week, 40 percent; and during to citizens or permanent residents of the must file an official Withdrawal/Leave of the fifth week, 20 percent. After the fifth United States. Boston University therefore Absence form. week of classes, there will be no credit. requires international students applying for Part-time students who reduce their A credit balance (overpayment) result• admission to present evidence of sufficient course loads, but remain registered dur• ing from withdrawal, cash payment, and/ funds to cover all tuition, fees, books, and ing the first five weeks of the fall or spring or other adjustment will be refunded upon living expenses for their study at Boston semester, will have their accounts adjusted written request or a personal visit to Stu• University. International students applying for the difference between the original and dent Accounting Services, 881 Common• to the Graduate School may apply for the reassessed tuition charges. wealth Avenue, Fourth Floor, Boston, MA University funds listed below. Part- and full-time students who find it 02215-1390. Financial aid awarded by Boston Univer• necessary to withdraw completely from the All students with financial aid or student sity may be used for course requirements University must file an official Withdrawal/ loans should contact the Office of Financial toward the degree. It may not be used for Leave of Absence form with the Office of Assistance about their eligibility for a refund. courses taken as corequisites, prerequi• the Dean of Students, 775 Commonwealth Students who received federal funds and who sites, audits, or no credit, withdrawn Avenue, East Tower, within five days of the are attending Boston University for the first with a "W" grade, GSU Fee or Regis• withdrawal. Mere absence from classes does time are eligible for a prorated refund of all tration Fee and may not exceed the cost Financial Information

-ri f

of required tuition and fees. Financial the admission application processing cycle. is then obligated to settle all remaining aid does not cover the Health Services Applicants who wish to be considered charges. Because services are performed by Fee. should, therefore, submit their admissions the student, the University must report the applications well before the January 15 award to the federal government as income. Fellowships, Assistantships, and deadline. The student is then subject to appropriate federal and state tax laws. Scholarships Presidential University Teaching Fellowships The application for admission also serves as These teaching fellowships are awarded to Department Traineeships, Research the application for financial aid when the continuing students who received Presiden• Assistantships, and Research Fellowships "yes" box is checked. Applications for the tial University Graduate Fellowships in their Awards are available in many departments. appointments listed below, with the excep• first year of study and who have been nomi• Duties vary but stipends are generally tions noted, must be received no later than nated by their departments. Recipients pro• comparable to those of teaching fellowships. January 15 for fall, or October 15 for spring. vide teaching support in undergraduate For information, consult the department Applications received after those dates are instruction, and for this service receive a chairman. considered as departmental funds allow. generous stipend and tuition scholarship Martin Luther King Jr. Fellowship This fel• Currently enrolled degree candidates must for up to eight courses. The University is lowship is available to African American stu• submit a separate GRS Financial Aid appli• required to report the stipend portion of the dents who are new to Boston University and cation each year by February 1. Forms are award as income to the federal and state gov• beginning graduate studies in any depart• available in the Graduate School Office. ernment, and the student is subject to appro• ment. It provides a scholarship for full-time priate federal tax laws. Presidential University Graduate Fellowships tuition and fees plus a stipend for living These fellowships provide, for exceptionally Graduate Assistantships Graduate expenses. Students may not apply directly for well-qualified entering PhD students, one assistantships are available in several depart• this fellowship, but are nominated by the full year of support. This award requires no ments and programs. Inquiries regarding the department of admission. To be considered service; it includes a substantial stipend and availability of graduate assistant support may for this fellowship, a student should indicate full tuition scholarship. Students may not be made at the offices of the various depart• in the appropriate place on the application apply directly for these awards. Nominees ments and programs. Duties vary according for admission that he or she is an African are proposed by the Graduate School depart• to the needs of individual departments and American. ments, divisions, and programs, and are require up to 15 hours of service per week. Whitney M. Young, Jr., Fellowship This fel• reviewed by the Graduate School Presiden• Fach assistant receives tuition to a maximum lowship is open to African American citizens tial University Fellowship Committee, of four full courses per semester. In most of the United States. Applicants may be which makes final recommendations for cases, fees are also included with the award, entering and continuing graduate students awards to the Associate Dean of the Graduate which is applied directly to the student's who have displayed academic proficiency in School. Nominations are proposed early in account, less withholding taxes. The student

— 70 — Financial Information

a field related to race relations or urban prob• Many deadlines are in the fall. Department lems. The fellowship provides a stipend for chairmen receive copies of current award living expenses plus a scholarship for full opportunities that are received by the Dean's tuition and fees. Application forms are avail• Office. It is also advisable to consult the able from the Graduate School beginning Grants Register, Annual Register of Grant Sup• November 1. port, and the Foundation Directory.

Fulbrlght-Hays Study Abroad Grants These Loans and Work-Study grants provide funds for study and research Applicants for both Federal Stafford Loans abroad to students with at least a bachelor's and Federal College Work-Study are degree who have not received a PhD. The required to file a Free Application for Federal applicant submits a proposal for study in a Student Aid (FAFSA) with the College foreign country in whose language he or she Scholarship Service or other processor. is proficient. Applicants without prior study abroad are given preference. On a national Federal Stafford Loans Federal Stafford basis, approximately 500 grants are awarded Loans are government subsidized and unsub- annually, providing for study and research in sidized, guaranteed educational loans. Grad• at least 50 countries. Applications, which are uate students may be eligible for up to $8,500 available in mid-August for the October 15 per year in a subsidized loan and up to deadline, may be obtained from the Divi• $10,000 per year in an unsubsidized loan. sion office. However, the annual loan amount cannot exceed a student's calculated need. Total out• National Science Foundation Fellowships The standing Stafford Loans may not exceed NSF Graduate Fellowship and the NSF $138,500 for undergraduate and graduate Minority Graduate Fellowship are three- study. Stafford Loan applications are available year fellowships open to those U.S. citizens from the Boston University Office of Finan• who are at or near the beginning of their cial Assistance, the Graduate School Finan• graduate study in science or engineering. cial Aid Office, or participating These fellowships provide a cost-of-educa- Massachusetts lenders. tion allowance and a stipend for living Annual interest for first-time borrowers expenses. Applications are available from will be a variable rate (T-Bill plus 3.1 per• The Fellowship Office, National Research cent) capped at 8.25 percent. For subsidized Council, 2101 Constitution Avenue, Wash• Federal Stafford Loans, repayment is ington, DC 20418. The deadline is in deferred until six months after the student November. ceases to be enrolled at least half-time. The United Methodist Fund Scholarships rang• Federal government pays the annual interest ing from $500 to $2,500 are provided by for subsidized Federal Stafford Loans while a the Board of Education of the Methodist student is enrolled. Church to those who have been members Federal Work-Study The Federal Work- of that church for three years and who intend Study Program is a government-funded pro• to teach in liberal arts colleges. These awards gram that promotes access to employment are available to qualified students in any for students who demonstrate financial need. department. Application forms are available The Graduate School Financial Aid Office by writing to P.O. Box 871, Nashville, TN selects as many applicants for this program as 37202. funding allows. If you wish additional infor• Methodist Loan Fund The Board of Educa• mation, request a copy of the College Work- tion of the Methodist Church lends financial Study Program brochure from the Division of aid to qualified students on interest-bearing Graduate Medical Sciences. Applications are promissory notes. Descriptive material may available at the Division Office and are due be secured by writing to P.O. Box 871, February 1 for summer Work-Study and Nashville, TN 37202. May 1 for academic year Work-Study.

External Sources of Financial Support In addition to these internal programs, there are many external sources of financial sup• port for which Graduate School students are eligible. Usually these are extremely com• petitive. Because applications must he sub• mitted as much as a year in advance, students should investigate early and plan ahead.

— 71 —

THE UNIVERSITY

oston University, the third-largest in its early years when it opened its doors OTHER SCHOOLS ANO COLLEGES independent university in the United to African Americans and international stu• OF BOSTON UNIVERSITY B States, is a huh of intellectual, scien• dents from all continents. The University's tific, and cultural activity. With more than commitment to the recruitment of minorit• From innovative, two-year, basic study pro• 2,500 faculty memhers and more than ies and women continues today within the grams to its world-famous graduate schools, 29,000 students, it pursues the ideal of a student body and the faculty. Boston University offers a student at any aca• research university—that knowledge is hest The University is a progressive, recog• demic juncture a wide variety of options. acquired in the pursuit of new knowledge, nized innovator in health care, science, engi• The other Schools and Colleges of Boston and that hoth undergraduate and graduate neering, communications, management, University are briefly described below. If students benefit hy learning from individ• and education. The two-year College of you would like further details regarding any uals who are actively engaged in original General Studies introduced the first college program of the University, write to Boston research. program in the country organized around a University Graduate Programs, P.O. Box The University traces its roots to a school team method of instruction. The University 886, or Boston University Undergraduate founded in Vermont in 1839, which moved initiated accelerated programs in liberal arts/ Programs, P.O. Box 887, Boston, MA to Boston in 1867 to become the first Ameri• medical education, liberal arts/dental educa• 02215. can university to he modeled on the Euro• tion, and liberal arts/law education. Numer• ous interdisciplinary programs offer broad pean system. Today the University retains its School for the Arts The School for the Arts possibilities for combining career goals and dual character: Yankee independence com• encompasses the Music Division, Theatre personal interests. bined with a cosmopolitan outlook. Within Arts Division, and Visual Arts Division. the University, 15 Schools and Colleges offer Boston University is accredited by the Fach provides its students with intensive a total of more than 250 degree programs. New England Association of Schools and training for professional careers, teaching, or Academic departments and research insti• Colleges, Inc. Individual Schools and pro• research. Studies are augmented by courses tutes serve as small communities for students grams are accredited by other professional in language, the humanities, and other areas and scholars, who also participate fully in associations. Please see School bulletins for through the various Schools and Colleges the e.xcitement and variety of the larger Uni• information. of the University. Bachelor's and master's versity community. An urban institution from its inception, degrees are awarded in each of the divisions. Boston University is coeducational and Boston University has always recognized that In addition, the Music Division offers the nonsectarian. Its campus extends over 71 its future is linked with the future of its city. Doctor of Musical Arts (MusAD) degree, acres from the historic Back Bay section of The University fosters programs that pro• the Artist Diploma in Performance, and Boston westward along the south bank of mote the well-being of Boston's citizens and the Certificate in Opera. The Theatre Arts the Charles River. From the townhouses improve its environment. Major undertak• Division offers the Certificate Program for of Bay State Road to state-of-the-art labo• ings, such as the Chelsea Schools initiative, Artisans and Technicians. ratories and classrooms, and from peaceful illustrate the University's commitment to parks and esplanades to the city life of Com• the community. College of Communication The College's monwealth Avenue, the University offers undergraduate program leads to the Bache• a clean, safe, and attractive environment in lor of Science (BS) in Broadcasting and Film, which students live and study. A separate Journalism, or Communication. The Master medical campus in the South End of Bos• of Science (MS) is offered in Broadcasting, ton is home to world-renowned medical Broadcast Administration, Broadcast Jour• researchers and teaching physicians. nalism, Business and Economics Journalism, Founded by a group of Methodist lay Film, journalism. Mass Communication, leaders, Boston University has always been and Public Relations. There are two dual degree programs. One leads to the MS in strongly committed to equality in opportu• Broadcast Administration and MBA from nity, without regard to race, color, creed, sex, the School of Management, and the second or national origin. It was the first institution leads to the MS in Mass Communication and of higher education in Massachusetts to Juris Doctor (JD) from the School of Law. grant degrees to women, and it graduated the There is also a joint MA in International first African American woman MD and the Relations and International Communica• first woman PhD. It stood nearly alone tions through the Graduate School. — 73 — The University

School of Education Programs of study dental specialties lead to the Certificate of areas of scholarship at the School: the Morin are offered for the Bachelor of Science Advanced Graduate Study (CAGS). In addi• Center for Banking Law Studies; the Center (BS), Master of Arts in Teaching (MAT), tion, the School offers the Master of Science for Law and Health Sciences; the Center for Master of Education (EdM), Certificate of in Dentistry, the Doctor of Science in Den• Law and Technology; the Institute of Jewish Advanced Graduate Study (CAGS), and the tistry, the Master of Science and Doctor of Law; and the N. Neal Pike Institute on Law Doctor of Education (EdD). Professional Science in Nutritional Sciences, and the and Disability. specialization is available in more than 20 Master of Science in Dental Public Health. College of Liberal Arts The College of areas within four departments: Administra• The Office of Continuing Education pro• Liberal Arts provides BA and, in conjunction tion, Training, and Policy Studies; Curricu• vides short, intensive courses of interest to with the Graduate School, BA/MA pro• lum and Teaching; Developmental Studies general practitioners, dental auxiliaries, and grams in the natural sciences, humanities, and Counseling; and Special Education. specialists in all phases of dental science. and social sciences, offering more than 50 College of Engineering The program of study Graduate School The Graduate School offers concentrations in 23 departments and for the Bachelor of Science (BS) degree pre• Master of Arts (MA) and Doctor of Philoso• numerous interdisciplinary centers. Students pares students not only for a career in engi• phy (PhD) programs in close to 40 fields in in the University's other four-year under• neering but also for further study in other the humanities, social sciences, natural sci• graduate Colleges take their required and areas. Degree programs are accredited by ences, and in interdisciplinary programs. elective liberal arts courses in the College the Engineering Accreditation Commission A joint PhD program is offered with the of Liberal Arts. of the Accreditation Board for Engineering School of Social Work (in Sociology and School of Management Undergraduate and and Technology (ABET) and are available Social Work), and a joint MA in Interna• graduate degree programs prepare individu• in Aerospace, Biomedical, Computer, Elec• tional Relations and International Commu• als for management positions in corpora• trical, Manufacturing, Mechanical, and nications is offered through the College of tions, small businesses, government, health, Systems Engineering. A major in Interdisci• Communication. and nonprofit organizations. The Bachelor plinary Engineering is also available for stu• Dual degree programs with other Schools of Science in Business Administration dent-planned studies. The Cooperative allow students simultaneously to earn the (BSBA) provides students with a core of Education-Professional Practice Program MA in International Relations or Preserva• skills and concepts applicable to management integrates the student's academic studies with tion Studies and the JD from the School of careers. The Master of Business Administra• a paid professional work experience. The Law; the MA in Economics, Economic Pol• tion (MBA) program, which includes con• ENGMEDIC program allows students to icy, or International Relations, and the MBA centrations in Health Care Management, earn a BS in Biomedical Engineering from from the Graduate School of Management; Public Management, and Business Adminis• the College of Engineering and an MD from or the MA in Economics and the MPH from tration and Management, is offered on a the School of Medicine. Programs are also the School of Public Health. part- or full-time basis. There is also an offered leading to the Master of Science School of Law The School of Law offers a executive MBA program offered at Boston (MS) and Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) three-year program of full-time study lead• University's Tyngsboro, Massachusetts, degrees. The MS program in Manufactur• ing to the Juris Doctor (JD) degree. Particu• campus. The MBA curriculum prepares stu• ing Engineering may be combined with lar strengths of the School in Intellectual dents for leadership positions in the manage• the MBA program from the School of Property Law and Health Law allow students ment of business, health, and public-sector Management. to pursue concentrations in those areas. Stu• institutions. Dual degree MBA programs are College of General Studies The College of dents also have a choice of six dual degrees offered with the JD at the School of Law; the General Studies offers a two-year, general with other Schools of Boston University. MA in Economics, the MA in Economic education core curriculum taught through These programs allow students to combine Policy, and the MA in International Rela• a team system of instruction and oriented a JD degree with an MBA; an MBA in tions at the Graduate School; the MS in toward students whose traditional admission Health Care Management; an MS in Mass Manufacturing Engineering at the College credentials, such as scholastic aptitude scores Communication; a Master of Public Health; of Engineering; the MA in Medical Sciences and high school grade averages, may make an MA in Historic Preservation Studies; or at the School of Medicine; and the MS in them ineligible for direct admission into the an MA in International Relations. Students Broadcast Administration at the College of University's four-year programs. Students interested in International Law also have the Communication. The School of Manage• who satisfactorily complete the prescribed opportunity to study abroad for a semester ment's Master of Science in Management 56 credit hours of the general education core under exchange programs with Oxford Information Systems (MSMIS) program curriculum and 8 credit hours of approved University in England and the Universite prepares graduates of accredited undergrad• elective courses are eligible for continuation Jean Moulin-Lyon III in Lyon, France. uate management programs for careers that integrate the needs of management and com• into nearly all of the University's four-year School of Law clinics include hoth puterized information systems capabilities. Schools and Colleges. defender and prosecutor programs, a Legal The Doctor of Business Administration Aid Clinic, a Legal Externship Program, a Goldman School of Graduate Dentistry (DBA) program leads to professional research Judicial Internship Program, a program in The School offers a four-year predoctoral and consulting positions in industry, govern• Legislative Services, and a program aiding program leading to the Doctor of Dental ment, and nonprofit settings. hospitalized and mentally-ill clients. Medicine (DMD). In cooperation with the The School offers two graduate programs: College of Liberal Arts, the School offers the School of Medicine The School of Medicine the Master of Laws (ELM) in Taxation and Seven-Year Liberal Arts/Dental Education offers multiple pathways leading to the MD the Master of Laws in Banking Law Studies. program. Postdoctoral programs in all the degree, including a four-year program. A Five research centers have formed around

— 74 — The University

seven-year program, which began in 1960, leads to the BA and MD degrees; students also have the option of completing this pro• gram in six years. The Modular Medical Integrated Curriculum (MMEDIC), a non• accelerated, eight-year program leading to the BA and MD degrees, began in 1977. It was expanded in 1990 to allow early selec• tion of qualified Biomedical Engineering students (The Engineering/Medical Inte• grated Curriculum-ENGMEDIC). The Early Medical School Selection program offers early admission to candidates at partic• ipating minority colleges and universities to increase the minority physician population. The School of Medicine also provides an alternative curriculum that allows students the option of completing the first year of medical school in two academic years. A program leading to the MD/MPH degree is offered through the School of Medicine and the School of Public Health. The School of Medicine also offers the Master of Arts (MA) in Anatomy, Biochem• istry, Biophysics, Medical Sciences, Micro• biology, Pharmacology, and Physiology. The Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) is offered in Anatomy, Behavioral Neuroscience, Biochemistry, Biophysics, Microbiology, Pathology, Pharmacology, and Physiology. In the fall of 1992, on-campus housing ISchoo l of Public Health, 80 East Concord IS offered in Biology, Biomedical Laboratory became available to medical students in Har• Street, A-4()3, Boston, MA 02118; 617/638- and Clinical Sciences, Computer Science, rison Court, a completely renovated, elegant 4640; Fax:617/638-5299. Economics, Engineering Management, Inter• nineteenth-century structure on Harrison Tlte Program in Biomedical Laboratory and disciplinary Studies, Management Studies, Avenue. Clinical Sciences, offered jointly with Metro• Mathematics, Paralegal Studies, Psychology, The School of Public Health This School, politan College, provides part- and full-time Sociology, and Urban Affairs. The Bachelor within the School of Medicine, offers part- certificate and degree programs that prepare of Liberal Studies (BLS) degree program and full-time programs leading to the Master high school graduates and college students offers a traditional liberal arts education in of Public Health (MPH) degree with con• for positions in clinical or biotechnology Art History, English, History, Interdisciplin• centrations in Environmental Health; Epi• laboratories. A unique Work/Tech program ary Studies, and Philosophy. demiology and Biostatistics; Health Law; provides degree candidates with jobs in Bos• There are two special undergraduate Health Services; and Social and Behavioral ton-area biomedical companies that offer credit programs: an Accelerated Program Sciences. Doctoral (DSc) programs in Epi• both salary and tuition benefits. Call 617/ designed to accelerate the process of ob• demiology and Environmental Health are 541-5622 for details and information on taining a bachelor's degree, and the Science also offered. The School also offers the Doc• other programs offered to high school sci• and Engineering Program, a two-year, full- tor of Philosophy (PhD) and the Master of ence teachers and high school students. time curriculum for students whose prepa• Arts (MA) in Biostatistics jointly with the ration for science and engineering should be Metropolitan College Since 1965, Metro• Mathematics Department in the Graduate enhanced. politan College has been serving working School. Five dual degree programs are avail• Graduate degree programs offered are adults who might not otherwise have the able: MD/MPH, MA (in Economics)/ the Master of Science (MS) in Actuarial opportunity to take courses or earn degrees. MPH, MA (in Medical Sciences)/MPH, Science; MS in Administrative Studies; MS With the exception of the Science and Engi• MSW/MPH, and JD/MPH. A Nurse Mid- in Computer Science; MS in Computer In• neering Program, classes are scheduled for wifery/MPH program has recently been formation Systems; Master of Liberal Arts evening sessions. In addition to the Charles instituted. The School has also established an (MLA) in Interdisciplinary Studies; Master River Campus, some courses are offered MPH program incorporating Peace Corps of Criminal Justice (MCJ); Master of Urban at the Tyngsboro Campus; and other pro• experience. In addition, the School's Center Affairs (MUA); and Master of City Planning grams are offered overseas. for International Health offers several short- (MCP). For more information, write to The Associate of Science (AS) degree is Metropolitan College, 755 Commonwealth term certificate programs in international offered in Accounting, Biomedical Labora• Avenue, Boston, MA 02215; 617/353-6000. health. For further information, call or write tory and Clinical Sciences, Computer Sci• The College also maintains the Corporate the Office of Admissions, Boston University ence, Criminal Justice, and Management Education Center, a 220-acre satellite cam- Studies. The Bachelor of Science (BS) degree

— 75 — The University

pus in Tyngsboro, about 30 miles north of Counseling, Speech-Language Pathology, The blurring of the deceptively distinct Boston, where instruction is offered in sev• and Physical Therapy. The Certificate boundaries between the conventional disci• eral MET graduate programs in Computers of Advanced Graduate Study (CAGS) is plines has not passed unnoticed by many and Management. The Corporate Education offered in Speech-Language Pathology students, who have shown an interest in Center offers many professional develop• and Audiology, Occupational Therapy, courses that integrate several disciplines ment seminars in business, computers, and and Rehabilitation Counseling. around a central theme, frequently with other technical areas, offered through the The Doctor of Science (ScD) can be challenging and illuminating results. Most Center for Management Development, the earned in Applied Kinesiology, Audiology, courses taught by The University Professors Center for Information Technology, and the Speech-Language Pathology, Applied Anat• are open to all Boston University students, Computer Career Programs. These pro• omy and Physiology, Rehabilitation Coun• and they can be taken either as electives or in grams are also offered in Boston at 930 seling, and Therapeutic Studies. order to meet degree requirements, always Commonwealth Avenue. The Corporate with the approval of the student's advisor. School of Public Health See "School of Education Center offers meeting and con• The responsibility of teaching in The Medicine" listing. ference facilities as well as on-site training University Professors program is precisely programs for business and industry. School of Social Work The School offers associated with the mastery of several disci• part- and full-time programs leading to the plines. Each member of the faculty has expe• Sargent College of Allied Health Professions Master of Social Work (MSW), with major rience in a number of disciplines normally Sargent College offers programs leading to method options in Clinical Social Work linked by current research commitments that the Bachelor of Science (BS) in Athletic Practice (with individuals, families, and better enable them to serve students who are Training, Clinical Exercise Physiology, groups) and Macro Social Work Practice themselves interested in extending, modi• Communication Disorders, Health Studies, (community organization, human services, fying, or integrating established fields of Human Physiology, Occupational Therapy, management, and social planning). Students study around a flexible academic program. and Rehabilitation and Human Services. It is may elect a subconcentration, such as Aging, The Bachelor of Arts (BA), Master of Arts possible for students to enter the College Children and Youth, Health and Mental (MA), combined Bachelor of Arts and Mas• with an undeclared major. During the first Health, Family Studies, or a program in ter of Arts (BA/MA), and the Doctor of Phi• two years, faculty members and advisors help Human Service Management. Dual degrees losophy (PhD) degrees are offered by The undeclared students select a major. are available leading to the MTS/MSW or University Professors. The Bachelor of Science in Health MDiv/MSW (with the School of Theol• Studies and Master of Science in Physical International Graduate Centers Boston ogy), the MPH/MSW (with the School Therapy program includes three years of University's Metropolitan College and of Public Health), or the MSW/EdM or preprofessional study and two and a half Graduate School operate graduate degree MSW/EdD (with the School of Education). years of professional preparation. Perfor• programs in six cities abroad. Metropolitan The PhD in Sociology and Social Work is mance will be reviewed during the third College offers the Master of Science in Man• offered in conjunction with the Graduate year of study; those meeting the established agement (MSM) in Beer Sheva, Israel; Brus• School. criteria will continue directly into the pro• sels, Belgium; London, England; Paris, fessional portion of the program. The Master School of Theology The School of Theology France; Rome, Italy; and Zaragoza, Spain. of Science in Physical Therapy (MSPT) pro• provides college and university graduates The Graduate School offers the Master of gram, designed for those possessing a bacca• with professional education for ministry in Arts (MA) in International Relations in laureate degree in another area, requires two the Christian Church and related vocations. Brussels, London, and Paris. Information is and a half years of professional study. Both Degree programs lead to the Master of Divin• available from Boston University, Interna• programs lead to eligibility for professional ity (MDiv), Master of Theological Studies tional Graduate Centers, 755 Common• certification. (MTS), Master of Sacred Music (MSM), wealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215-1783; The Combined Bachelor of Science Master of Sacred Theology (STM), Doctor 617/353-2982. and Master of Science (BS and MS) degree of Theology (ThD), and Doctor of Ministry program, leading to eligibility for profes• (DMin). Programs for the MA and PhD are sional certification, is an option for qualified available through the Division of Religious students in Speech-Language Pathology and Theological Studies of the Graduate and Rehabilitation Counseling. These School. Dual degree programs are offered departments also offer a two-year MS pro• within the School (MSM/MDiv) and with gram that enables students to fulfill profes• the School of Social Work (MSW/MDiv sional entry requirements. The Master of andMSW/MTS). Science in Occupational Therapy (MSOT), a two-year program, provides professional The University Professors (UNI) The teaching education to men and women who hold program of The University Professors is designed to respond to the need for rigorous bachelor's degrees in a variety of fields. and well-founded cross-disciplinary studies Advanced education for experienced apparent in our cultural centers. This elusive, health professionals includes progrants lead• but principal, objective is achieved partly by ing to the MS in Nutrition, Exercise Sci• emphasizing the fundamental humanistic ence, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation values inherent in all academic endeavors.

— 76 — SPECIAL ACADEMIC UNITS OF THE UNIVERSITY

Center for Law and Health Sciences and the health and welfare of older persons. ing education workshops on a variety of The Center for Law and Health Sciences, a The center is University-wide, coordinating timely topics pertaining to aging. A Certifi• component of the School of Law, organizes efforts to promote understanding and pro• cate of Continuing Education in Gerontol• and conducts research and educational pro• fessional competence in the biological, med• ogy is available to practicing professionals grams that examine selected relationships ical, and social aspects of aging. taking continuing education courses in the between the legal and health-care systems. In addition to sponsoring lectures, work• summer institute. The center provides the School of Law with shops, and conferences, the center awards the The Gerontology Center Library, at 53 a vehicle for focusing research on interac• Louis Lowy Certificate in Gerontological Bay State Road, houses more than 3,000 tions between law and health care. Center Studies to students in any University degree books, periodicals, newsletters, government staff accomplish this function by teaching program who have completed a specified documents, reports, statistical data, and School of Law courses and seminars; provid• number of approved courses focusing on training aids. The library is open to the pub• ing consulting and guest-lecture services to gerontology. The center awards the Certifi• lic Monday through Friday, 1:30 p.m. to other Schools of the University; performing cate of Recognition for the Study of Aging 4:30 p.m. research into selected health/law issues; con• to nondegree students wishing to increase Another integral part of the training and tributing articles, reports, and other writings their knowledge and skills through academic research capability of the Gerontology Cen• to scholarly publications of the center, the work in gerontology. ter is the Home Medical Service, providing University, and other organizations; and The annual Summer Institute in Geron• comprehensive health care to approximately organizing and conducting conferences and tology offers academic courses and continu• 700 of Boston's homebound inner-city symposia on current medical/legal topics. Most current activities concern rights of individuals with mental or physical disabili• ties. Further information is available from the interim director. Professor Henry A. Beyer, School of Law, 765 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215; 617/353-2904.

Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation The Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, a part of Sargent College, conducts research directly relevant to the rehabilitation of persons with psychiatric disabilities and develops and disseminates preservice and in- service training programs. Jointly funded by the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research, and the Center for Mental Health Sciences, the center provides technical assistance, consultation, evalua• tion, and training for mental health and reha• bilitation programs. Further information is available from the director, William A. Anthony, PhD, Center for Psychiatric Reha• bilitation, 730 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215; 617/353-3549.

Gerontology Center The Boston University Gerontology Cen• ter's focus is on research, consultation, and education in all aspects of the aging process

— 77 ~ Special Academic Units of the University

being mapped; a new transactivation prop• erty of murine leukemia viruses has been elucidated; the biological consequences of oncogene control of MHC expression are being studied by examining the interaction of these transformed cells with the cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer cells of the cellular immune system. Two other projects in Dr. Faller's labora• tory are more clinically oriented. In addition to studying the abnormal regulation of growth factor expression in oncogene- expressing tumors, the regulation of produc• tion of these growth factors in normal cells in healthy or diseased states is being investi• gated. He has discovered that the production of potent vasoconstrictors and smooth mus• cle mitogens by human endothelial cells is transcriptionally regulated in response to environmental oxygen tension. In normal physiology, this local production of cyto• kines may account for the fine regulation of ventilation and perfusion in the lung. Under elders. For further information on medical ing the mechanisms by which retroviruses states of chronic hypoxia, this mechanism programs, contact Dr. Patricia Barry, Geriat• and their oncogenes cause tumors, through may account for the pathological changes of rics, Doctors Office Building, 720 Harrison defining the ways in which viruses control chronic pulmonary artery hypertension or Avenue, Suite 1101, Boston, MA 02118. For host cell gene expression. sickle cell chronic lung disease. The oxygen- more information on educational and certif• A special interest concerning the labora• sensing molecule, second messenger systems, icate programs, contact Elizabeth Markson, tory involves viral regulation of those cellu• and oxygen-responsive promoter elements PhD, Boston University Gerontolgy Center, lar genes encoding biologically important of the cytokine genes are being characterized 53 Bay State Road, Boston, MA, 02215; molecules and cytokines. Dr. Faller is ana• and animal models are being used to test his 617/353-5045. lyzing the molecular mechanisms by which hypothesis. oncogene-transformed cells become auton• Factors regulating fetal globin transcrip• omous of growth factor requirements. This tion and production in man are also being Health Policy Institute work involves the elucidation of growth- studied to develop a pharmacologic therapy The Boston University Health Policy Insti• factor signal transduction pathways in nor• for the beta hemoglobinopathies of sickle tute conducts research, runs demonstration mal and transformed mesenchymal and cell anemia and thalassemia. In collaboration projects, convenes conferences, and pub• lymphoid cells and study of the ways in with Dr. Susan Perrine, Dr. Faller has devel• lishes studies and reports on issues related to which this signalling pathway is disrupted or oped transcriptional activators of human the efficiency, effectiveness, and availability circumvented in tumor cells. This work has fetal globin genes. These agents are able to of health services in the United States and resulted in new information regarding the reverse the developmental globin gene abroad, and on entrepreneurship in health transduction of growth-factor signals by sec• switch in animals and significantly increase care. Through its director, who is the aca• ond messenger systems in both normal and fetal globin expression in primates and in demic vice president for health affairs, the transformed cells. cultures of human erythroid cells. The tran• Health Policy Institute is linked with the scriptional mechanisms affected by these School of Medicine and Public Health, the A related area of the center's research is the agents are being elucidated and the drugs Henry M. Goldman School of Graduate interaction of retroviruses and the tumors themselves are under development for clini• Dentistry, the School of Social Work, the they induce with cellular immune defense cal trials now under way. Sargent College of Allied Health Profes• mechanisms. The means by which virus- or sions, and the Gerontology Center. For more tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes, information, write the director, Richard H. natural killer cells, and monocytes recognize Humanities Foundation and destroy infected cells and tumors is Egdahl, MD, 53 Bay State Road, Boston, The Humanities Foundation administers under investigation. MA 02215. special humanities programs and activities Dr. Faller is also studying the molecular through a major National Endowment for mechanisms by which tumors escape from Boston University Cancer Research the Humanities Challenge Grant awarded in immune surveillance; the mechanisms of 1981. The Humanities Foundation consists Center aberrant control of Class 1 Major Histocom• of several endowments to support graduate Director, Douglas V Faller patibility Antigen gene expression in onco• and undergraduate scholarships, visiting fac• A major focus of Dr. Faller's laboratory is the gene-transformed cells, retrovirus-infected ulty, conferences, colloquia, lecture series, study of the basic molecular and cellular cells, and naturally occurring tumors are library acquisitions, and general program biology of virus- and oncogene-transformed being determined; the direct sites of onco• enrichment. It serves as a forum for dis- cells and tumors. He is involved in determin• gene action on MHC gene transcription are

— 78 — Special Academic Units of tlte University

cussing and shaping the future of the human• available from the director. Professor rosis; metaanalysis of treatment regimens in ities at Boston University. Among its most Thomas W. Cashel, Morin Center for Bank• rheumatoid arthritis and lupus; economic important programs is the Society of ing Law Studies, 765 Commonwealth Ave• impact of arthritis and other evaluations of Humanities Fellows, which makes it pos• nue, Boston, MA 02215; 617/353-3023. health care outcomes all form part of the sible for junior faculty to have time off for program. For further information contact research and provides a structure in which Arthritis Center Joseph H. Korn, MD, Arthritis Center, both junior and senior faculty can present Conte Building 5th Floor, 80 East Concord The Medical Center serves to coordinate and and discuss research in progress. For further Street, Boston, MA 02118; 617/638-4310. organize the diverse arthritis and connective information, call or write the director, Kath- tissue activities, as well as develop new activ• erine T. O'Connor, c/o the Department of ities throughout the University. The center Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute Modern Foreign Languages, 718 Common• has developed an integrated program at Bos• The Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute is wealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215; 617/ ton City Hospital, University Hospital, and a broad-based multidisciplinary center 353-6253. the Boston Veterans' Administration Medi• designed to develop and encourage cardio• cal Center. The center has been designated vascular research, to promote educational Center for the Study of a Multipurpose Arthritis Center by the programs in the University and in clinical Communication and Deafness National Institutes of Health since 1977. It and community settings, and to coordinate The Center for the Study of Communica• occupies the fifth floor of the Conte Building cardiovascular activities within the Univer• tion and Deafness, directed by Dr. Robert of the Boston University School of Medi• sity. The institute assists in formulating Hoffmeister, was established in 1982 to con• cine, has health care research activities in a research projects, developing grant applica• duct research in parent-child interaction, the separate space, and other offices at the Boston tions, providing information on sources of assessment of educational placements for deaf Veterans' Administration Hospital. funding, and critically reviewing grant and children, and the acquisition and use of The center's mission is to encourage and contract proposals in the cardiovascular area. American Sign Laguage by deaf children, in develop basic research and clinical investiga• For further information, write to Director, an effort to assist parents and professionals tions in arthritis and connective tissue dis• Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston concerned with the education of the Deaf. eases and to organize the undergraduate, University School of Medicine, 700 Albany Further information is available from Dr. graduate, and outreach education and clini• Street, Boston, MA 02118; 617/638-4018. Hoffmeister at the School of Education, 605 cal training programs. The center has been a national pioneer and referral center for stud• Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA Affiliated Institutions 02215. ies of all types of amyloidosis with current emphasis on hereditary forms and on aspects Cooperative Agreements Students may of Alzheimer's disease using modern immu• Center for Applied Research In receive credit for certain courses at Hebrew nologic and molecular genetic techniques. It College of Brookline, which offers under• Language is a center for the study of scleroderma and graduate and graduate degree programs in The Center for Applied Research in Lan• fibroblast molecular biology as well. Investi• Hebrew and Jewish Studies. Consortium guage, directed by Dr. Paula Menyuk, was gations of cellular immunity in arthritis; arrangements permit cross-registration with established to study the underlying processes studies of systemic lupus erythematosus, epi• Boston College, Brandeis University, and of language and literacy, the development of demiology of osteoarthritis, and of osteopo• Tufts University. oral and written language ability, and the role of environmental health factors in lan• guage development. Further information is available from Dr. Menyuk at the School of Education, 605 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215.

Morin Center for Banking Law Studies Established in the School of Law in 1978, the Morin Center for Banking Law Studies administers the School of Law's graduate programs in American banking law studies and in international banking law studies. These unique, multidisciplinary programs, leading to the Master of Laws degree, train lawyers in the full range of banking law sub• jects as well as the economic and managerial aspects of the domestic and international financial services industry. The center also publishes the Annual Review of Banking Law, a scholarly publication edited by a staff of select law students, and conducts conferences and research studies in the legal areas affect• ing financial institutions. Information is

79 — RESOURCES AND SERVICES

oston University provides a variety reference assistance, computerized literature Stone Science Library In 1987/88, the aca• of residence settings and social searching through compact disc and on-line demic departments and centers that moved B opportunities to contribute to stu• systems. An on-line catalog maintained here to the renovated Stone Science Building dents' educational and personal develop• links the several major libraries at the Uni• consolidated their collections. These now ment. Listed below are some of the many versity, with access to the catalog available form a noncirculating research library campus facilities and resources designed through the University's campus dial-up that includes 10,000 volumes, 125 current to help students academically, socially, and modems. journals, the University's map library, medically; many of the important academic Mugar's several unusual holdings and the Archaeological Institute of America and administrative areas of the University services include a strong African documents archives, and the photographic archive of the are also listed. collection; a music section with listening NASA Apollo missions to the moon. Refer• There are many important University stations for more than 200 people; and a ence, course reserves, on-line databases, and publications available. Boston University's Department of Special Collections contain• photocopy services are provided. The library Lifebook provides information about the ing rare books and historical manuscripts, has professional staff and maintains an on• details of daily life, from University regula• the University's unique Twentieth-Century line catalog accessible through the Univer• tions concerning bicycles, drugs, and fire Archives, and other important resources. sity network. For more information contact safety to student organizations and ideas of Exhibits from this fine special collection are David Sauer or Nasim Momen, Stone Sci• what to do in the city. Copies of this guide regularly displayed throughout the library. ence Library, 675 Commonwealth Avenue, are available from the Office of the Dean of As a founding member of the Boston Room 440; 617/353-5679. Students in the George Sherman Union. Library Consortium, the Boston University The Code of Student Responsibilities, which libraries provide access to the holdings of Office of Information Technology (IT) many other research collections in the area, affects all students, is also available from Students and faculty at Boston University more than 16 million volumes in paper and the dean's office. have access to a variety of computing facili• as many in microform. Students are expected to be familiar with ties through the Office of Information Tech• and abide by University regulations set forth Mugar Memorial Library is open 8 a.m. nology. These facilities include a central in the Lfebook, in the Code of Student Respon• to midnight, Monday through Thursday; UNIX timesharing system; a high-speed sibilities, and in any other official University 8 a.m. to 11 p.m, Friday and Saturday; and 10 campus network; training facilities; the publication or notice. Individual Schools, a.m. to midnight, Sunday; 617/353-3736. Personal Computing Support Center; a Colleges, and residence halls may have spe• sophisticated scientific computing and cific information and regulations that apply visualization laboratory; and a Connection to their students, and these are usually avail• Machine CM 5, a massively parallel super• able from their administrative offices. computer. Students at all levels of computer sophistication are encouraged to take advan• Libraries tage of these facilities. Assistance is always The staff of the Boston University libraries available at the Office of Information provides extensive service to the entire Uni• Technology. versity community. The libraries contain a All students and faculty may open collection of 5.1 million volumes in paper accounts on the shared academic system free and microform, thousands of current sub• of charge. Currently a cluster of IBM RS/ scriptions, and hundreds of bibliographic, 60()0's supports a wide range of applications numeric, and full-text databases. under the UNIX operating system. The There are several specialized libraries X Window System and Motif provide a with professional staff at the University: graphical user interface to UNIX analogous the School of Law, the Medical Center, the to the familiar Macintosh user interface. In School of Theology, Educational Resources, addition to a standard complement of pro• Communication, and Science/Engineering. gramming languages, a variety of statistical The major research library is Mugar packages, mathematical subroutine libraries, Memorial Library at 771 Commonwealth text processors, graphics packages, and a Avenue, offering, in addition to traditional spreadsheet package are also available.

— 80 — Resources and Services

Boston University's Campus Network wealth Avenue, West Entrance. Student health care is available 24 hours a day during employs the latest technology to route com• Health Services consists of the Medical the academic year by calling 617/353-3569 munications among computing systems Walk-in Clinic, the Mental Health Clinic or 617/353-3575, and during the summer throughout the Charles River Campus. which includes a Crisis Counselor, and the (commencement through September school Thousands of ports supporting communica• 14-bed Infirmary. In general, there is no opening) by calling 617/353-2121. tions rates up to 10 million bits per second charge to full-time students for services Inflrmai7 The Infirmary admits students are interconnected via optical fiber and high• provided at Student Health Services by who are too ill to care for themselves prop• speed routers. Over 150 dial-in modems staff physicians, psychiatrists, psychologists, erly in their dormitories or apartments, but provide students and faculty with remote and nurses, or for staying at the Infirmary. who are not ill enough to be hospitalized. access to the Campus Network from their However, students are responsible for certain Hours: visiting hours are from 1 to 8 p.m.; residences at speeds of up to 14400 bits per tests and medications provided at either the the Infirmary is open 24 hours a day during second. Additional links connect the Charles Infirmary or the Medical Clinic. The cost the academic year, and provides emergency River Campus to the Boston University of services obtained outside the Medical treatment by nurses during non-Clinic Medical Center campus, Harvard Univer• Clinic, such as doctors' bills, X rays, lab tests, hours. Please call 617/353-3578 for further sity, and Massachusetts Institute of Technol• ambulance services, hospitalization, and sur• information. ogy. The Campus Network is also connected gery, are the student's responsibility. to all major regional, national, and interna• Massachusetts law requires students at Crisis Intervention A crisis intervention tional research and educational networks, institutions of higher education in the state counselor is on call to help students with providing students and faculty with elec• to have adequate health insurance. Those serious problems that arise at any time. tronic access to people and facilities through• persons affected by this law include full-time These problems may include emotional out the world. students, or part-time students who partici• stress, alcohol or drug abuse, crime, or any Information Technology's Consulting pate in at least 75 percent of the full-time other crises that a student may encounter. Services department provides consulting curriculum. The student health insurance The counselor can be contacted on an emer• support in most areas of computing. Con- plan offered through the University is a qual• gency basis 24 hours a day, including week• suking Services maintains Help Desks at the ifying insurance program. Students who do ends, by telephoning the University Police public clusters located at 111 Cummington not accept the school health insurance must at 617/353-2121. Street and on the third floor of Mugar certify in writing before each academic year Memorial Library. Information Technology that they are participating in a comparable The Sargent Clinic at Boston staff present a comprehensive series of free health insurance program. University training sessions during the fall and spring In order to be officially registered, The Sargent Clinic at Boston University semesters. Topics range from general "get• students must submit to Student Health provides services in audiology, occupational ting started" sessions for the computing Services a Medical History and Physical therapy, physical therapy, speech-language novice to in-depth sessions on specific Examination form and an immunization pathology, and vocational rehabilitation for application software packages. form that have been filled out and signed by clients from the Boston University commu• Information Technology's Personal Com• a physician. The immunization form must nity and the Greater Boston area. The clinic puting Support Center (PCSC) is dedicated include the day, month, and year of the fol• also offers comprehensive cardiovascular fit• to helping Boston University students, fac• lowing required immunizations: tetanus, ness testing through its Fitness Evaluation ulty, and academic staff use their Macintosh diphtheria, measles (two shots), mumps, and Center. The staff is made up of certified and IBM personal computers effectively. rubella. This form is sent to each student clinicians licensed by the Massachusetts The PCSC provides consulting, hands-on who has been accepted for admission and Department of Public Health. The clinic is training for many popular applications, tech• may also be obtained at Student Health located at 635 Commonwealth Avenue, 6th nical support, product demonstration, file Services. recovery, and file translation. Reference and Floor, Boston, MA 02215; 617/353-8383. software evaluation libraries are also main• Medical Walk-In Clinic Medical consulta• tained by the PCSC. tion is available for diagnosis and treatment Alcohol, Drugs, and Narcotics on a walk-in basis with staff physicians and Central timesharing facilities are available Massachusetts law provides, in general, that nurses. At its discretion, the clinic may 24 hours daily except during system backup no alcoholic beverages can be sold, deliv• administer allergy shots for a fee of $100 (Sunday and Wednesday, 5 a.m. to 10 a.m.) ered, or given in any way to a person under per semester to students who supply their and scheduled holidays. Direct any questions 21 years of age. State law neither permits nor vaccine with clear, precise instructions by regarding computing services to the Office condones the possession, use, or sale of illegal their physicians. Hours: the clinic is open of Information Technology. The main drugs and narcotics. The University supports year-round, Monday through Friday, 9 a.m. office, at 111 Cummington Street, is open these laws without exception. to 4:30 p.m. It is closed on University holi• Monday through Friday, 9 a.m. to 5 p.m.; In addition. University policies restrict days. For further information, call 617/ the quantity of alcoholic beverages that may 617/353-2780. The PCSC is open Monday 353-3575. through Friday, 9 a.m. to 4:30 p.m.; 617/ be brought into residences and provide for 353-7272. Mental Health Clinic Consultation with sanctions against students who violate these either a psychologist or psychiatrist is by policies. While students 21 years or older may bring limited quantities of alcoholic Student Health Services appointment and confidential. Hours: the Mental Health Clinic is open from 9 a.m. to beverages into residences, the University General Information Top-notch health care 5 p.m. during the academic year, and closed strongly encourages students not to do so. is available to all full-time students at Student on University holidays. Emergency mental Health Services, located at 881 Common• — 81 — Resources and Services

some cases with enabling accommodations) as students who are not disabled. Therefore, most of the facilities and the programs described in this bulletin make no mention of separate services for the disabled. Consul• tations with the Disability Services staff are available to individuals or groups requesting assistance or having questions or concerns about campus accessibility. Auxiliary aids, such as interpreters for hearing-impaired students, are available for all of the Univer• sity's educational programs. Disability Ser• vices may be reached at 617/353-3658 (Voice or TDD). Disability Services has recently expanded its services to students with documented learning disabilities (LD). Students are able to choose between two levels of LD support services. Students who need extensive sup• port and who would like to meet with a learning specialist on a regular basis for up to two hours a week may opt for "comprehen• sive" services. These comprehensive services carry an additional tuition charge of $1,200 per semester. Extended financial aid pack• ages are available to students who meet the University financial aid guidelines. Students with learning disabilities who do not need individualized support may seek "basic" support services, such as taped textbooks, additional time on exams, or assistance in arranging for "reasonable accommodations," The Martin Luther King Jr. Center academically. On-Campus Recruiting offers at no charge. Another aspect of this expan• The King Center celebrates its twenty-fifth assistance in the job search when a student sion effort is the addition of an optional, anniversary in 1994. Dedicated to the values has selected a probable career path and is six-week summer orientation program for and memory of alumnus Martin Luther within an academic year of graduation. The students who will be attending Boston Uni• King, Jr. (1929-68), the King Center ad• Credentials Service lets the student establish versity in the fall. All students will enroll in a dresses the personal, educational, and career a file for potential employers that contains 4-credit course, participate in a daily learn• development needs of Boston University's letters of recommendation and unofficial ing strategies seminar, and attend workshops students. The center is a centralized source copies of transcripts. The Career Resource on self-advocacy, using the library, and word of comprehensive professional services and Library maintains current job listings and a processing with Macintosh computers. En• programs for undergraduate and graduate collection of books and literature on a wide rollment is limited. For more information, students seeking counseling, career plan• variety of careers and employers. For further contact the LD Support Services Office at ning, or placement assistance. These services, information, please call 617/353-3590. as well as those provided by the center's 617/353-6880. Multicultural Affairs and Disability Services The Counseling Center Individual and Multicultural Affairs Boston University's Offices, can help students gain the maximum group counseling is offered to students who ethnically diverse community includes Afri• benefit from their academic efforts. Infor• have personal, interpersonal, career, or life- can American, Flispanic American, Asian mation and appointments can be obtained decision concerns. Testing Services, in con• American, and Native American (AHANA) by telephoning or visiting the second floor junction with counseling, enables students students at both the graduate and undergrad• reception desk at 19 Deerfield Street (in to obtain information about personality, uate levels. They are the primary beneficiar• Kenmore Square); for phone numbers see interests, and skills. In addition, the Class of ies of Multicultural Affairs' efforts, although King Center departments listed below. '93 has contributed to the establishment of a Rape Awareness and Response Program. the office serves the entire campus commu• Office of Career Services The office is a Services are short-term-based and strictly nity on issues of diversity and multicultur- resource center designed to help students confidential. For more information, please alism. The mission of Multicultural Affairs is obtain career and internship information, call the center at 617/353-3540. to enhance the quality of life and to monitor clarify short- and long-term goals, and students' academic and career success. This is develop and implement their career plans. Disability Services Boston University accomplished by cooperating with Schools, The internship program can assist students in employs mainstreaming, which means that Colleges, and the University Student finding learning and working opportunities physically and learning-disabled students can Affairs offices. in the community that will also help them expect to use the same campus facilities (in

— 82 — Resources and Services

Through effective planning and coordi• The dean and his staff work to establish permits. For information about parking or nation with graduate and undergraduate stu• goals and operational standards for these stu• vehicle registration, contact Parking Ser• dent organizations, Multicultural Affairs dent-oriented departments. This office also vices at 617/353-2160. facilitates and encourages students' personal provides the Lifebook, mentioned earlier. Orientation and Off-Campus Services Infor• and educational development. This goal is Individual students and parents are encour• mation about new student orientation and accomplished through implementing aca• aged to contact the office for assistance or Parents Weekend can be obtained at 775 demic, educational, cultural, and social pro• information on any aspect of student or Uni• Commonwealth Avenue, 617/353-3555. grams. Among them is Common Ground, versity life. The office is located at 775 Com• Services, programs, and other information a component of Summer Orientation that monwealth Avenue;617/353-4126. are provided for commuting and off-campus introduces the issue of diversity awareness to Office of the University Registrar This office, students, as well as listings for off-campus incoming students and their parents. This located at 881 Commonwealth Avenue, main• housing. For more information, call 617/ program serves to empower its participants tains student records; issues transcripts, veri• 353-3523. by moving through stages of recognition, fications of attendance, diplomas, and ID tolerance, acceptance, internalization, and Admissions Reception Center The Admis• cards for nondormitory students; produces celebration of the unity and beauty of diver• sions Reception Center coordinates a vari• the class schedule; and supervises registra• sity. Celebrating Diversity is a Multicultural ety of programs for visitors to the campus, tion, grades, withdrawals, and veterans' Orientation program designed to acquaint including personal interviews, tours, lunches affairs. students and parents with Boston University, with currently enrolled undergraduates, and the city of Boston, and the richness of its Student Accounting Services This office Meet Boston University programs. For more diversity. This program includes panels and addresses inquiries regarding billing and information, visit 121 Bay State Road or call workshops that address student life issues payment and/or settlement of tuition, fees, 617/353-2318. along with a number of social activities residence, and other applicable charges. If a Office of Information Services Information to foster community spirit among incom• student's account reflects a valid credit bal• Services is the direct connection between ing freshmen, transfer students, and family ance not resulting from financial aid, he members. This program annually occurs students and the University. Information or she may apply for refunds here. Student during opening weekend. In Search for Services knows which office or person to Accounting Services is located on the fourth Common Ground is a lecture series that contact for the answers to questions and floor of 881 Commonwealth Avenue, and enhances the collective understanding of solutions to problems. The office publishes can be reached at 617/353-2264. issues that are important and timely to the University directory and campus map, further understanding of diversity and The University Resource Center (URC) The and operates the NEXUS/Bulletin Board multiculturalism. Through the AHANA University Resource Center provides spe• system and the Information Center, both of Empowerment Council, mentoring pro• cialized services and programs designed to which are described below. For more infor• grams are available that enable participating support and improve academic success and mation about the office, call 617/353-2752. students to meet with students, faculty, and achievement, and to assist a student's smooth Boston University Information Center The staff who have ethnic or cultural backgrounds transition into University life. Information Center provides accurate infor• similar to their own. The office also sponsors A major component of the URC is the mation on such topics as events. University an annual Martin Luther King, Jr., holiday Academic Success and Achievement Pro• services and resources, office locations and observance and houses a collection of mate• gram (ASAP). ASAP offers tutoring in most personnel, procedures, deadlines, and hours rials documenting the AHANA experience. undergraduate courses. In addition, ASAP of operation. The center posts the Master Multicultural Affairs can be reached at 617/ offers seminars in time management, speed Calendar of University Events, a computer• 353-3791. reading, presentation and testing skills, and ized listing of all events sponsored by the other relevant success strategies. University on- and off-campus, or any event The center oversees several other services, taking place in University facilities. The Important Offices such as the Writing Center, staffed with calendar is updated daily. graduate students to assist in all aspects of Office of the Vice President and Dean of Hours during the academic terms are 8:30 writing; a Macintosh Lab; the Freshman Students Among the offices most concern• a.m. to 8 p.m. weekdays; 9 a.m. to 8 p.m. ed with students' success at the University Peer Support program that helps freshmen Saturday; and 12 noon to 8 p.m. Sunday. is the Office of the Vice President and Dean adapt to University life; the Career Advisory Summer hours are 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. Monday of Students, located in the East Tower, 3rd Network, offered in conjunction with the through Friday. It is located at 771 Com• floor, of the George Sherman Union. This Alumni Office, that helps students explore monwealth Avenue; 617/353-2169. office coordinates the programs of the Office career options by putting them in touch of Residence Life, the George Sherman with a network of over 1,200 alumni; and NEXUS and Bulletin Board Information is Union, the Student Activities Office, Orien• the Financial Assistance program that expo• available to you twenty-four hours a day tation and Off-Campus Services, the Uni• ses students to options of alternative funding. through the NEXUS System and Bulletin versity Resource Center, the Wellness Center, For more information, please call 617/ Board. To find out about University services, and the offices of the Martin Luther Kingjr. 353-7077. offices, events, and deadlines, call 353-4000 Center: Career Services, the Counseling and press / for Bulletin Board or press 2 for Parking Services Resident students are Center, Disability Services, and Multicul• NEXUS. For a brochure with complete eligible for overnight parking. Commuting tural Affairs. listings of all topics available, visit the students may secure day or evening parking University Information Center at 771 Commonwealth Avenue.

— 83 — Resources and Services

vices include an International Hospitality Program, a Wives' Program, intercultural programs, assisting International Clubs, and a World Fair each spring. ISSO publishes a newsletter, coordinates an emergency loan fund, and sponsors numerous activities to promote intercultural awareness. Its basic mission is to act as a resource for the entire international popula• tion at Boston University. The office is located at 19 Deerfield Street, and the tele• phone number is 617/353-3565; Fax: 617/ 353-5891.

Center for English Language and Orientation Programs (CELOP) The center offers inten• sive, noncredit English as a Second Language courses for internationals who wish to improve their English proficiency for busi• ness, scientific, academic, or personal rea• sons. In addition, the faculty and staff at the center prepare qualified, academically Shops and Supplies Campus Convenience—Warren Towers admissible participants to enter Boston 700 Commonwealth Avenue B.U. Bookstore Mall The B.U. Bookstore University and other institutions of higher Open seven days a week, 6 a.m. to 4 a.m. Mall is a unique six-level shopping center learning in the United States. 617/353-5305 combining books, general merchandise, Twelve-week courses are offered in both and specialty shops. The mall features the Campus Convenience—Kenmore Square September and January. During the summer Charlesbank Bookshops and the Boston 541 Commonwealth Avenue three separate courses are available, each last• University Bookstore—winner of Boston Open seven days a week, 6 a.m. to 12 ing 6, 9, or 12 weeks. Classroom instruction Magazine's "Best of Boston" award in 1993. midnight consists of work in all skill areas of language Located at 660 Beacon Street in Kenmore 617/353-2284 learning, including speaking, listening, Square, the B.U. Bookstore Mall is open analytical reading, writing, grammar, and Campus Convenience—Sleeper Hall Monday through Friday, 9:30 a.m. to 9:00 vocabulary. Besides coursework, some 275 Babcock Street p.m.; Saturday, 9:30 a.m. to 6 p.m.; and Sun• programs include monitored computer lab• Open seven days a week, 6 a.m. to 12 day, 12 noon to 6 p.m. Rush hours at the oratory, language laboratory, and reading midnight beginning of each semester also supplement laboratory. Students also choose from a vari• 617/353-6640 the regular opening and closing times. ety of academic elective courses, such as Phone the B.U. Bookstore Mall at Campus Convenience stores are full-service business, TOEFL preparation, research, 617/267-8484. convenience stores carrying grocery items, writing, American culture, and others. In insignia gifts, health and beauty aids, school the most advanced English language sec• Charles Bank Health Science Book Shop, supplies, newspapers, magazines, sundries, tions, students may receive permission to located at 700 Albany Street, provides course and much more. audit a regular University course while books and reference books for the medical, attending CELOP. dental, and public health programs in addi• Students enrolled at CELOP are consid• tion to medical instruments, study aids, International Student Services ered regular, full-time Boston University emblematic sportswear, school and office The International Students and Scholars Office students and, as such, enjoy the use of all supplies, and sundries. Open Monday (ISSO) provides a variety of services to the University library and athletic facilities, as through Friday, 8:30 a.m.-7 p.m.; Saturday, more than 4,000 international students and well as all medical and counseling services. 10 a.m.-6 p.m. Phone 617/638-5496. 450 international faculty members and Through a variety of school activities, proj• scholars at the University representing Campus Convenience—Medical Center ects, trips, clubs, and volunteer opportuni• approximately 130 countries. The Office 700 Albany Street ties, participants are integrated into daily also informs students and staff about regu• Open Monday through Friday, University life. Students may also participate lations concerning U.S. immigration, 6 a.m.-8 p.m. in the Conversation Partners program, in employment, and taxes. 617/638-5695 which there is a language exchange between To assist new students in adjusting to the CELOP students and American university Campus Convenience—Union Court University, the city of Boston, and life in the students who are studying a foreign 775 Commonwealth Avenue United States, ISSO conducts special orien• language. Open Monday through Friday, tation programs every September and Janu• All CELOP courses are considered full- 7 a.m. to 11 p.m.; Saturday, 9 a.m. to 11 p.m.; ary. The Office also advises students on such time programs of study and a Certificate of Sunday, 11 a.m. to 11 p.m. matters as housing, cultural adjustment, and Eligibility (Form 1-20) is sent to each appli• 617/353-3680 personal and financial problems. Other ser• cant so that a Student Visa (F-1) may be

— 84 — Resources and Services

obtained from the U.S. Consul in his or her Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps. ROTC Gerontology Center. For those who wish home country. Housing and dining arrange• is a program that provides college-trained to document an interest in gerontology, the ments are available on campus for all summer officers for the Armed Forces. The ROTC center awards the Louis Lowy Certificate in programs, and for the 24-hours-per-week program is traditionally a four-year program Gerontological Studies to students in any fall and spring programs. Students who wish of instruction culminating in a commission Boston University degree program who to enroll at the Center should apply directly in the Army, Navy, Air Force, or Marine have completed a specified number of to: CELOP/Boston University, 730 Com• Corps. The ROTC program is also available approved courses (24 credits for bachelor's monwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, or to students who desire a military commission degree students, 16 credits for graduate for more information call 617/353-4870; and who have at least two academic years degree candidates). For nondegree students Fax: 617/353-6195. remaining before graduation. Some courses and working professionals, a 20-credit and laboratories can be taken without mili• Certificate of Recognition for the Study tary service obligation. Most students com• of Aging is available. The annual Summer Fellowships plete the training and pursue a military Institute in Gerontology offers a variety The University Office of Fellowships coor• officer career on active duty, in the Reserve, of academic courses, and continuing edu• dinates student and faculty applications to or in the National Guard. cation workshops attended by faculty, staff, fellowships and scholarships requiring Uni• Today's ROTC trains students through students, and community service providers. versity nomination or endorsement. Faculty hands-on leadership training unlike any The Gerontology Center Library, with opportunities are announced through the other college programs. These programs over 3,000 books, journals, government Office of Sponsored Programs, and student build strong bonds of team spirit and cama• publications, and bibliographies, is open to competitions are publicized in the Universi• raderie while they boost the individual's the public for research needs. Contact the ty's campus weekly, Boston University Today. self-confidence. ROTC training develops Gerontology Center at 53 Bay State Road, To be eligible, students must be enrolled in self-discipline, physical stamina, poise, and Boston, MA 02215; 617/353-5045. a degree program at the University. general management skills basic to success Students are invited to apply for scholar• in any career. ships and fellowships appropriate to their International Study Opportunities The ROTC programs also provide some year of matriculation (application materials International Programs coordinates overseas financial assistance in the form of scholar• available as indicated in parentheses): study, work, and scholarship programs for ships and stipends. ROTC scholarships students in all the University's Schools and Undergraduates include partial or full tuition, textbooks, Colleges. Students may study overseas Sophomores and Juniors: Goldwater Scholar• education-related fees, and a living allow• through a Boston University program, ship in Sciences (October) ance of $100 each month of the academic through one of the many programs spon• Juniors: Truman Scholarship for Public year for the duration of the scholarship. sored by other American institutions, or by Service Careers (September); Case and All Air force three- and four- year, 100 per• enrolling directly in a foreign institution. Melville Scholarships (January) cent ROTC scholarship recipients, and all Programs sponsored by Boston University Seniors: Rhodes Scholarship to Oxford and Navy four-year, 100 percent ROTC scholar• allow students to study language, liberal arts, Marshall Scholarship to U.K. Universities ship recipients are eligible for free room and and the social sciences in England, France, board from Boston University. Army and (April/May ofjunior year); Luce Scholar Israel, Italy, Niger, and Spain; to intern in Navy ROTC 80 percent tuition scholarship Program to Asia (September); Fulbright London, Paris, Sydney, Madrid, Moscow, recipients receive a Boston University grant Grants for Research/Study Abroad (May and Washington, D.C.; to enroll in a profes• to cover the remaining 20 percent. Supple• ofjunior year); Wiesel Prize Essay sional study abroad program in England mental financial assistance is also awarded on Contest (September) or Australia; or to participate in summer a case-by-case basis, and current programs programs offered in Beijing, Greece, Lon• Graduate Students can be discussed with the ROTC represen• don, Madrid, Moscow, Padova, Paris, St. Fulbright Grants for Research Abroad tatives at the numbers listed below. The Petersburg, Sydney, and Washington, D.C. (summer—one year prior) ROTC programs provide nonscholarship Students in most disciplines—from the Luce Scholar Program to Asia (September) students enrolled in the Advanced course humanities to the natural sciences and IWM International Summer School in (the last two years of ROTC) with a monthly business—should be able to study abroad Cortona, Italy (January) tax-free subsistence allowance of $100, if they plan ahead. Students who wish to and up to a maximum of $ 1,000 per year. Information about fellowships, schol• study overseas should consult an advisor at arships, and grants is also available at the Students interested in the ROTC the Division of International Programs, 232 reference desk at Mugar Library and, for programs should contact the appropriate Bay State Road, Boston, MA 02215; 617/ graduate study, through the financial assis• department: Army ROTC, 128 Bay State 353-9888. tance office of the Graduate School. Students Road, 617/353-4025; Naval Marine Corps may reach the Office of Fellowships at 145 ROTC, 116 Bay State Road, 617/353-4232; Bay State Road; 617/353-2230. and Air Force ROTC, 118 Bay State Road, 617/353-4705. Military Education Division

Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) Gerontology Center The University's commitments to research, Boston University is one of only forty-four education, and service in the field of aging universities nationwide offering its students are coordinated by the Boston University ROTC programs for all four services: Army,

— 85 — HOUSING

On-campus Graduate Dentistry, the Boston University tual and interpersonal skills, their leadership On-campus residence accommodations, Alumni Medical Library, and The Boston capabilities, and their willingness to meet the within walking distance of academic, admin• University Medical Center Hospital. Secure challenges and expectations of the position istrative, and recreational facilities on the and convenient studios and one- and two- to the best of their abilities. The position is Charles River Campus, are available to grad• bedroom apartments are available. Each unit enjoyable and educational, but it is very uate students. Students residing on campus has a modern kitchen and bathroom. A coin- demanding in terms of the required quality are provided with quality support services, operated laundry and an exercise room are of time and energy that a successful candidate including 24-hour on-call security, provided located in the building. Monthly rents must commit. by the Boston University Police Depart• for shared units range from $440 to $810 Qualified juniors, seniors, and graduate ment, and maintenance. depending on the type of unit and number of students receiving resident assistantships may The Office of Housing offers dormitory- students occupying it. For more information receive room and board as compensation. style accommodations to graduate students call the Medical Center Office of Rental Additional information and application in small brownstones on Bay State Road and Property Management at 617/638-4973 or materials are available from the Office of in Danielsen Hall, the graduate residence 1 -800-344-BUMC (1-800-344-2862). Residence Life, 985 Commonwealth Ave• center on Beacon Street. Residences are nue, Boston, MA 02215; 617/353-3852. coeducational with single and double rooms Office of Residence Life in each. Graduate students residing in dor• Resident Assistants Costs for the 1994/95 Academic Year mitory-style residences must choose one of Resident Assistants are Office of Residence Total room and board costs are as follows: the six meal plans available. There are a lim• Life and Office of the Vice President and multiple-occupancy room: $7,100*; mul• ited number of apartment-style accommo• Dean of Students student staff members liv• tiple-occupancy room in suite: $7,370*; dations offered by the Office of Housing. ing within campus residence areas. Each res• single room with shared bath: $8,410*. Total room and base board costs range from ident assistant is responsible for working Apartments for married students are available $7,100 to $10,168 for the 1995/96 academic twenty hours each week as a community through the Office of Rental Property Man• year. For an application and more informa• manager, role model, peer advisor, and agement. For more information, please call tion, contact the Office of Housing, Assign• resource and referral agent to students. Resi• 617/353-4101. ments Area, 985 Commonwealth Avenue, dent assistants are selected for their intellec- Room 105, Boston, MA 02215; 617/353- Applications and information 3511. Dormitories: Office of Housing, 985 Com• The Office of Rental Property Manage• monwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215; ment offers furnished and unfurnished 617/353-3511. apartments for graduate students. Standard rents that include heat and hot water are as Housing Policy and Regulations follows: Studio apartments: $575-$675 per The University reserves the right for month; one-bedroom apartments: $675— Its designees to enter and to inspect a stu• $775 per month; two-bedroom apartments: dent's room, to reassign students in the Uni• $950-$l,300 per month. For an application versity's residential system, to revoke and and more information contact the Office of terminate a student's Residence License Rental Property Management, 19 Deerfield Agreement for any reason set forth in that Street, Boston, MA 02215; 617/353-9085. Agreement, and to implement any other Harrison Court is an elegant nineteenth- measures necessary and advisable for health, century building providing 60 modern safety, or in the interest of the residence pro• apartments for students, visiting faculty, and gram. Any resident whose conduct does not other members of the Medical Center com• meet the standards established by the Uni• munity. In the heart of Boston's South End, versity may be denied on-campus residence Harrison Court is located across the street accommodations. from the Medical Center campus, which includes the School of Medicine, the School •These figures are based on the standard meal plan of Public Health, the Goldman School of rate of $2,990.

— 86 — STUDENT ACTIVITIES

oston University is dedicated to For more information about the Depart• Student Union providing an unmatched climate for ment of Physical Education, Recreation, and George Sherman Union The Boston Uni• growth. Most of this development Dance, stop by the administrative offices at B versity George Sherman Union (GSU), takes place in the classrooms, the libraries, 300 Babcock Street, or call 617/353-2748. located at the center of campus, is headquar• and the laboratories. But Boston University Sargent Camp Sargent Camp is a University ters for student activities and services. The is equally committed to supporting a com• facility located in the beautiful Monadnock Student Center, on the lower level of the plete environment for academic, physical, region of southwestern New Hampshire, GSU, has a lounge, private study rooms that social, and spiritual learning. A few of these only 90 minutes from the main campus. The students may sign up to use, student organi• centers of activity are described below. camp covers 850 acres of forest and fields, zation offices, and a vending area. On Friday including the 60-acre Halfmoon Pond that and Saturday evenings, the lounge is often Recreation features a floating glacial bog, and 25 miles of transformed into a dub featuring coffee• trails for hiking and ski touring. Facilities houses, comedy nights, and social activi• Facilities and Programs The Department include two lodges (with dining), comfort• ties sponsored by student organizations. of Physical Education, Recreation, and able, rustic, winterized cabins, and recre• In addition to the Student Center, the Dance offers a broad spectrum of programs ational equipment. Sargent Camp offers GSU offers a variety of services, including to interested students, alumni, faculty, and orientation, team-building, and leadership the Games Area, the Ziskind Lounge on the staff. Intramural sports, club sports, work• development programs for students, faculty, second floor, a U.S. Post Office, a bank, sev• shops, special events, and open recreation and staff on a year-round basis. The facility is eral dining areas, meeting rooms, a quiet are offered to provide opportunities involv• also available for retreats and conferences. study lounge on the third floor, an art gallery, ing different levels of participation and For more information, contact Sargent and the GSU Information Center and Ticket commitment. Students are encouraged to Camp at 603/525-3311. Office. The GSU Information Center, pursue fitness activities in formats that meet located on the second floor, supplies infor• their interests, abilities, and schedules. mation on Union activities and sells candy, Physical Education (PDP) credit courses gum, and sundries. The Ticket Office serves provide a structured experience in more than as an outlet for tickets to theatrical events and 80 activities, ranging from swimming and various student organization-sponsored aerobics to rock climbing and downhill ski• activities. ing. Noncredit instruction is also available The GSU Student Activities Office, through the Fitness, Lifestyle, Exercise, and located on the fourth floor, coordinates the Dance (FLEXD) Program. activities of approximately 300 student orga• Facilities for informal recreation are nizations, student governments, and the fra• located at the Case Physical Education Cen• ternity and sorority system. In addition, the ter, 285 Babcock Street, and the Sargent office sponsors several all-University pro• Gymnasium Building, 1 University Road. grams, such as Homecoming, Senior Week, The Case Center includes a Nautilus and and Summerfest. The Student Activities free-weight room, a fitness room with Office is also responsible for providing sophisticated exercise equipment, gym• professional services and resources on all nasia, saunas, locker rooms, a swimming aspects of program planning and develop• pool, a dance studio, and an ice-skating rink. ment to student organizations. It directs the Adjoining the center are tennis courts, a tar• Student Leadership Development Program, tan track, and Nickerson Field (AstroTurf). which offers training workshops, educa• The Sargent Gymnasium facility contains tional courses, and seminars addressing a gymnasium, a fitness center with weight leadership issues. training machines and cardiovascular condi• For further information regarding these tioning equipment, and a dance studio/the• and other George Sherman Union activities, atre. Sailing and canoe docks are located on stop by 775 Commonwealth Avenue, or the Charles River. phone the GSU Information Center at 617/ 353-2921. Student Activities

Boston University Music Organizations Boston University Music Organizations (BUMO) provides opportunities for stu• dents to participate in musical groups while attending any of the Schools and Colleges at Boston University. These groups offer a cre• ative outlet for students of all levels and abili• ties. Groups include the Marching Band, which performs at football games, the Pep Band, which performs at hockey and basket• ball games, the All-University Orchestra, the Concert Band, the Jazz Ensemble, and the Symphonic Chorus. BUMO provides the groups with support, including access to sheet music and some instruments. The Boston University Music Organizations office is located at 855 Commonwealth Avenue, Room 260, Boston, MA 02215; 617/353-3358.

Religion Boston University recognizes that spiritual development is as vital to its community as academic, cultural, physical, and social development. The University actively spon• sors a wide variety of programs and options to help facilitate that development. A few of these programs are outlined below. For a more comprehensive list of religious pro• grams and denominations served on campus, please consult the Lifebook.

Marsh Chapel, at the heart of the Charles River Campus, 735 Commonwealth Ave• nue, offers programs of Christian worship, Bible study, counseling, music, and edu• cational and outreach programs. An all- University service of worship is held each Sunday morning at 10:45 a.m., and is broad• cast over WBUR-FM (90.9). The Chapel is open from 7 a.m. to 11 p.m. The Chapel office is open from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m. on week• days. The Dean of the Chapel, Robert Watts Thornburg, and other campus ministers in maintains a kosher dining facility at Hillel, p.m. at Robinson Chapel (Marsh Chapel, the Marsh program, are available daily. Feel with two meals served on most days. For downstairs). For further information, free to contact them or obtain further infor• further information about Hillel, call 617/ call Newman House at 617/353-3632. mation by calling Marsh Chapel at 617/ 353-7200. For information about kosher Other Protestant Campus Ministries 353-3560. dining, call 617/353-2947. Individuals to contact and their phone Hillel House, located at 233 Bay State Road, Newman House, at 211 Bay State Road, numbers include: the Episcopal Ministry, is the center for Jewish life at Boston Univer• is the Roman Catholic Center for the the Rev. John P. Streit, Jr., 617/277-5523; sity. Students, faculty, and staff are involved University community, offering weekday the Lutheran Ministry, the Rev. Michael in the cultural, religious, and social activities and Sunday worship, retreats, social events, Thomas, 617/353-5269; and the Boston/ sponsored by Hillel throughout the year. Bible study, and other classes. Sunday Mass Cambridge Ministry in Higher Education, Services are held on weekends, holidays, and is celebrated at Marsh Chapel at 12:30 p.m. the Rev. Carol Dittes, 617/353-5269. A weekday mornings. A wide variety of pro• (organ and cantor), 6 p.m. (contemporary number of Evangelical churches are also grams relating to Israel and contemporary music), and 10 p.m. (candlelight with instru• affiliated with the campus ministries. For moral issues occur weekly. In addition, mental music and cantor). Liturgy is also general information or guidance relating to counseling by two rabbis and the program celebrated weekdays as follows: Monday, these or other religious groups at Boston director is provided. Boston University Tuesday, Thursday, and Friday at 12:10 p.m. University, call 617/353-3560. at Newman House and Wednesday at 12:10 THE CITY OF BOSTON

oston is a city rich in history, old- world charm, and modern vitality. B Home to more than 60 colleges and universities, it is an intellectual and cultural center, diverse in its people, stimulating in its opportunities, yet relaxed and accessible. Boston is the largest city in New England and the site of many significant events in early American Colonial and Revolutionary history. Much of that early flavor remains today in its cobbled streets, in its historic landmarks that bring alive Paul Revere's ride and the Boston Tea Party, and in the Federal• ist row houses on Beacon Hill. A historic seaport that grew to prominence in the days of the China trade and the whaling industry, the city maintains a thriving and picturesque waterfront. The New England Aquarium, one of the foremost in the world, shares the harborside with sightseeing cruise ships, tra• ditional New England fishermen unloading their catches, international cargo traffic, and the U.S.S. Constitution, "Old Ironsides." Here, historic treasures intermingle with contemporary skyscrapers, evidence of the city's thriving business and financial com• munity and its leading role in research and technology.

Boston University is perfectly situated to enjoy both the charm and beauty of the city tacos, and other fast foods necessary to stu• and its cultural and recreational attractions. An enthusiastic sports city, Boston sup• dent survival. ports the Red Sox, the New England Patri• The campus stretches along the banks of the Boston is the home of the world-famous ots, the Celtics, and the Bruins. Each April, Charles River, bringing boating and canoe• Boston Symphony Orchestra, the Boston the Boston Marathon passes through the ing, as well as jogging and sunning, to its Pops, and a wealth of music from opera to Boston University campus. Beaches to the doorstep. Yet it is only minutes from the rock, jazz, and reggae. Many dance and the• north and south, including the famous downtown theatre, shopping, government, atre groups perform regularly, and students shores of Cape Cod, are within easy reach by and financial districts. A short ride on the can take special advantage of the many car or bus. For the hiker or skier, the moun• streetcar brings one to the elegant shops of annual performances at the Boston Uni• tains of New Hampshire and Vermont are Copley Square, the sporting events at Boston versity School for the Arts and the highly but a few hours' drive, as are the picturesque Garden, the endless diversions of the restored acclaimed resident Huntington Theatre shores of Maine. Faneuil Hall market area. The city's rich cul• Company. Dozens of museums include the A splendid place to study, work, or just tural and ethnic mix is evident in its varied world-renowned Museum of Fine Arts, the relax, Boston is consistently voted one of the neighborhoods. The North End boasts Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum, and the most desirable U.S. cities in which to live. superb Italian cuisine, Chinatown has a Institute of Contemporary Art. Galleries Few cities in the world can offer so much wealth of restaurants, and smaller enclaves intermingle with elegant boutiques on to every individual. offer Portuguese, Indian, Thai, Vietnamese, Newbury Street, and visitors participate Middle Eastern, Jewish, and soul food. This in a variety of interactive exhibits at the is in addition, of course, to world-class pizza. Museum of Science.

— 89 — THE CORPORATION AND ADMINISTRATION

The Corporation Kenneth J. Feld Dexter A. Dodge Jean Picker Firstenberg Edwin D. Fuller The Founders of Boston University Duane D. Fitzgerald Cerald L. Citner Lee Claflin William J. Flynn George D. Hart Isaac Rich Edwin D. Fuller Karen Elliott House Jacob Sleeper Cerald L. Citner James M. Howell The Associate Founders Rafik B. Hariri Edward 1. Masterman Augusta E. Corbin George D. Hart Arthur C. B. Metcalf Melvin B. Miller Chester C. Corbin Mary-Jane Hemperley Joseph S. Mitchell, Jr. Albert V. Danielsen Robert S. Hinds Charles R. Parrott Edward H. Dunn Leon C. Hirsch Robert E. Yellin Rafik B. Hariri Esther A. H. Hopkins Charles Hayden James M. Howell Arthur C. B. Metcalf Richard R. Joaquim The University Administration Stephen P. Mugar Kevin J. Kinsella Anne A. Ramsey William F. Macauley President John R. Robinson Edward I. Masterman John Silber, B.A., M.A., Ph.D., LL.D, L.H.D. Melvin B. Miller RosweW R. Robinson Executive Vice President and Provost Joseph S. Mitchell, Jr. Alden Speare Jon Westlmg, B.A. Dewey David Stone David M. Myers Harry K. Stone Charles R. Parrott Senior Vice President Cerald Tsai, Jr. Allen 1. Questrom Joseph P. Mercurio, B.A.S. Pong Sarasin An Wang Treasurer, F. Herbert Skeete Vice President for Financial Affairs The Officers and Trustees of Boston University Marshall M. Sloane Kenneth C. Condon, B.A., M.B.A., CPA. Earle C. Cooley, Chairman Richard Lewis Taylor Christopher A. Barreca, Vice Chairman Francine Zorn Trachtenberg Academic Vice President for Health Affairs, John Silber, President Cerald Tsai, Jr. Director of Boston University Medical Center Kenneth C. Condon, Treasurer Peter H. Vermilye Richard H. Egdahl, M.D., Ph.D. Karen Elliott House, Secretary French C. Wallop Vice President for Business Affairs Arthur C. B. Metcalf, Chairman Emeritus Laura Freeman Walsh Peter J. Cusato, B.S.A., CPA. Robert E.Yellin R. Richard Ablon Vice President for Enrollment The Honorary Trustees Leopold Adler, 11 Anne W. Verge, B.A. Edward C. Carroll C. William Anderson J. Newton Esdaile Vice President for Development and Terry L. Andreas Vartan Gregorian Alumni Relations Craig T. Bouchard James K. Mathews Frederic Avery Bourke, Jr. John Davis Bradley, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. John S. Perkins Robert J. Brown Norman S. Rabb Vice President for Planning, Budgeting, and Earle M. Chiles Information Harry H. S. Chou The Executive Committee Marvin F. Cook, B.S., M.A., Ph.D. Howard L. Clark, Jr. (The Chairman, President, and Treasurer are Vice President for Publications and Video Production, Clyde R. Glaus also members of the Executive Committee.) Headmaster of Boston University Academy Elliot H. Cole Leopold Adler, 11 Peter Schweich, B.A. Suzanne Cutler C. William Anderson Edson D. de Castro Christopher A. Barreca Dexter A. Dodge Earle M. Chiles Patricia K. Donahoe

— 90 — The Corporation and Administration

Vice President for International Graduate Boston University Degree and Certificate Programs Programs (USPS 061-540) Boston University has fifteen Schools and Robert W. Lamb, B.S., M.A., Ph.D. Volume LXXXIII, Number 19 Colleges and one independent program and School of Medicine ofFers the degree and certificate programs Vice President and Dean of Students Division of Graduate Medical Sciences listed below. W. Norman Johnson, B.S., M.A., L.H.D. August 24, 1994 College of General Studies Vice President for Administrative Services Published by Trustees of Boston University, A two-year general education program, Richard J. Towle, B.A., M.A. 147 Bay State Road, Boston, MA 02215. with preparation for continuation in the undergraduate programs listed below. Vice President for Government and Issued 19 times a year: one in March, one in Community Affairs April, three in May, five in June, four in July, Scbool for tbe Arts Edward M. King, B.A. and five in August. BFA, BEAT, MusB, MFA, MFAT, MusM, MusAD, Artist Diploma, Certificate of Vice President for University Relations Second-class postage paid at Boston, Opera Performance, Certificate in Theatre Carol B. Hillman, B.A., M.A. Massachusetts 02109, and additional Crafts and Technical Production mailing offices. College of Communication Production coordinated by the Boston BS, MS University Bulletins Office, 985 Com• monwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215. Goldman Scbool of Graduate Dentistry MS, DMD, CAGS, MSD, DSc Cover Photograph by Boston University Photo Services. Scbool of Education BS, MAT, EdM, GAGS, EdD Information in this bulletin is accurate as of September 2, 1994. The University reserves College of Engineering the right to change course content, fees, pro• BS, MS, PhD gram requirements, plans of study, class Graduate Scbool schedules, and the academic calendar, or to MA, PhD make other changes deemed necessary or desirable, giving advance notice of change Scboolof Law where possible. JD, LLM College of Liberal Arts Postmaster: Send address changes to Boston BA University, School of Medicine, Division of Craduate Medical Sciences, 80 East Concord Scbool of Management Street, Room L 317, Boston, MA 02118. BSBA, MBA, MSMIS, DBA

For information and a bulletin, write to Scbool of Medicine Boston University, P.O. Box 886 (graduate), MA, MPH, MS, MD, DSc, PhD or P.O. Box 887 (undergraduate), Boston, Scbool of Public Healtb MA 02215. See the School of Medicine

Bulletins are available for: Metropolitan College School for the Arts AS, BLS, BS, MCJ, MCP, MLA, MS, Craduate Program in Banking Law Studies MSM, MUA College of Communication Sargent College of Allied Healtb Professions School of Education BS, MS, MSOT, MSPT, GAGS, ScD College of Engineering College of General Studies Scbool of Social Work Coldman School of Craduate Dentistry MSW Graduate Medical Sciences, School of School of Theology Medicine MDiv, MSM, MTS, STM, DMin, ThD Graduate School, Arts and Sciences Tbe University Professors Craduate Tax Program BA, MA, PhD School ofLaw School of Management Boston University also offers a number of School of Medicine dual degree programs. Please see specific Metropolitan College School or College bulletins for information. Overseas Programs School of Public Health Sargent College of Allied Health Professions School of Social Work Summer Term School of Theology Undergraduate Programs

— 91 — INDEX

Anatomy and Neurobiology, 6, 15 MA/MPH, 9 Leave of Absence, 64 MD/PhD, 14, 37 Libraries, 80 Behavioral Neuroscience, 7 Biochemistry, 7 Equal Opportunity Policy, 66 MA degree programs, 6, 9 courses, 19 Experimental Therapeutics—see Requirements, 9 Biomolecular Pharmacology, 39 Pharmacology Medical Sciences, 7, 38 Biophysics, 7, 21 Maps, 94, 95, 96 courses, 22 Faculty, 51 Martin Luther Kingjr. Center, 82 Boston, 89 Anatomy and Neurobiology, 15 MD/PhD Program, 14, 37 Behavioral Neuroscience, 33 Medical Insurance, 67 Cancer Research Center, 78 Biochemistry, 17 Microbiology 8 Career Services, 82 Biomolecular Pharmacology, 39 Military Education, 85 Cellular Biology—See Molecular Biology Biophysics, 21 Molecular and Cellular Biology, 45 Center for Applied Research in Human Genetics, 41 Morin Center for Banking Law Studies, 79 Language, 79 Immunology, 43 Music Organizations, 88 Center for Communication and Microbiology, 23 Deafness, 79 Neuroscience, 47 Neurobiology, 6, 15 Center for Law and Health Sciences, 77 Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 25 Neuroscience, 47 Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, 77 Pharmacology and Experimental Nondegree Applicants, 62 Computing facilities, 80, 83 Therapeutics, 28 Continuing Students, 63 Physiology, 31 Orientation, 83 Corporation, 90 Federal guidelines, 65 Other Schools and Colleges, 73 Counseling Center, The, 82 Fellowships, 70, 85 Course requirements, 8 Financial aid, 69, 98 Parking, 83 Courses in: Financial Information, 67 Pathology, 8, 25 Anatomy and Neurobiology, 16 Pharmacology and Experimental Behavioral Neuroscience, 33 Gerontology Center, 77, 85 Therapeutics, 8, 28 Biochemistry, 19 Grades, 63 courses, 30 Biophysics, 22 Craduate Departments and Degrees, 5 MA, 29 Craduate Medical Sciences, 6 Craduate Medical Sciences Courses, 6 PhD, 29 Human Generics, 42 Graduation, 65 PhD Degree Programs 6, 13 Microbiology, 24 Requirements, 11 Molecular and Cellular Biology, 46 Health Policy Institute, 78 Physiology, 8, 31 Neurosciences, 48 Housing, 86 Policies and Procedures, 61 Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 26 Off-campus, 69 Craduate Study, 62 Pharmacology and Experimental On-campus, 86 Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Center for, 77 Therapeutics, 30 Human Genetics, 41 Physiology, 32 Humanities Foundation, 78 Recreation, 87 Refunds, 69 Degree Programs, 5 Immunology, 43 Registrar's Office, 83 Directed Study, 62 Immunology/Microbiology Track, 23, 24 Registration, 64 Disability Services, 82 Incomplete coursework, 63 Religious Services, 88 Dissertation, 12 Interdisciplinary Studies, 49 Requirements Doctor of Philosophy Program PhD, 50 Anatomy and Neurobiology, 16 Behavioral Neuroscience, 33 International Students, 62, 84 Biochemistry, 19 Dropping a course, 65 International Study, 85 Biomolecular Pharmacology, 40 Dual Degree Programs Biophysics, 21 MA/MD, 10 Laboratory Medicine—see Pathology Human Genetics, 42 Law and Health Sciences, Center for, 77 Immunology, 43

— 92 — MA degree, 8, 9 MA/MBA dual degree, 10 MA/MD dual degree, 10 MA/MPH dual degree 9 MD/PhD dual degree, 14, 37 Microbiology, 23 PhD, 11, 13 PhD, Behavioral Neuroscience, 33 PhD, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 26, 27 Resident Assistants, 86 Resources and Services, 80 Room and Board, 68, 86

Sargent Clinic, 81 Scholarships, 70 Shops, 84 Specialization, Fields of, 9 Student Activities, 87 Student Health Services, 81 Student Union, 87 Supplies, 84

Thesis, 9 Transcripts, 65, 68 Transfer between departments, 63 Transfer credit, 62 Tuition, 67

Veterans' information, 65

Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, 79 Withdrawal, 69 BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL Boston University Medical Center CENTER

Boston University School of Medicine/ School of Public Health 80 East Concord Street

Boston University Medical Center Hospital Legend Dining Facilities 88 East Newton Street

1 - Atrium Pavilion Cafeteria-Atrium Pavilion, 2nd floor Boston University Goldman School of (Hospital main entrance) Cafeteria-Instructional Building, Basement Graduate Dentistry 2 - Doctors Office Building Cafeteria-Goldman School 100 East Newton Street (Including public parking garage) 1st floor 3 - Preston Family Building Cafe-Doctors Office Building, Boston, MA 02118 4 - Evans Building 1st floor 5 - Old Evans Building 6 - Collamore 7 - Vose Hall 8 - Robinson Building Public Parking 9 - Talbot Building Instructional Building Doctors Office Building lo• (School of Medicine main entrance) Parking Lot A ll - Housman Medical Research Center 12 - School of Public Health 13- Silvio O. Conte Medical Research Center 14- 801 Albany Street 15- Nurses Education Building Major Conference Rooms (Boston City Hospital) 16- Maxwell Finland Laboratory C/D Conference Room, Atrium Pavilion, Whitelaw Conference Room, 5th floor. (Boston City Hospital) 2nd floor Old Evans 17- Solomon Carter Fuller MentaF Health Function Rooms A, B and C, Wilkins Board Room, 1st floor, Center (Commonwealth of Atrium Pavilion, 2nd floor Evans Building Massachusetts) Bakst Auditorium, 1 st floor. School of Coldman Auditorium, 3rd floor, 18- Goldman School of Graduate Dentistry Public Health Coldman School of (Goldman School main entrance) L-110, L-112, 1st floor. Instructional Building Craduate Dentistry 19- Naval Blood Research Center Keefer Auditorium, 1st floor, Evans Building Auditorium/Audiovisual Center, 20- 609 Albany Street Preston Conference Room, 1st floor, 7th floor, Coldman School of 21 - Center for Advanced Biomedical Research Preston Building Craduate Dentistry Directions to Boston University Medical Center

Getting to Boston University Medical Center

From North: Follow Routes 1 (via Mystic/ Tobin Bridge) or 1-93 to Rte. 3 (1-93) (Southeast Expressway or Central Artery) south. Take Exit 19 (Albany Street/East Berkeley Street; turn right on East Newton Street.

From Logan Airport: Go through Sumner Tunnel (Rte.lA South) to Expressway south. Take Exit 19 (Albany Street/East Berkeley Street). Follow Albany Street; turn right on East Newton Street.

From South Shore: Take Expressway (Rte.3) North to Exit 18 (Massachusetts Ave. off ramp.) Turn right on Massachusetts Ave, take first right on to Albany Street. Turn left at second intersection on to East Newton Street.

From West: Take Rte. 90 (Massachusetts Turnpike) east to end. Take Expressway I- 93/Rte. 3 south to Exit 19 (Albany Street/ East Berkeley Street). Follow Albany Street; turn right onto East Newton Street.

Public Transportation to the Medical Center

The MBTA provides the following bus service to Bus 10: Copley Square (Green Line) to City Crossing via Washington Street and Boston University Medical Center: Point, connecting Back Bay Station (Orange provides service every seven minutes Line) and Andrew Station (Red Line) with during peak hours. BUMC. Buses provide service approximately Bus 1: Harvard Sq. to Dudley Sq. via Boston City every 30 minutes during peak hours, with Hospital, coimecting Massachusetts Avenue added Saturday service. Shuttler Bus Service: The Medical Center Station (Orange Line) with BUMC. Buses travel operates a shuttle bus service to and from along Massachusetts Avenue as far as Albany Bus 47: Service From Central Square, the Medical Center and Broadway Station Street, then continue to Dudley Square. Service Cambridge (Red Line), to Andrew Station on the Red Line approximately every 15 is provided every 10 minutes. connects Ruggles Station (Orange Line) and minutes weekdays during peak morning Dudley Square with BUMC. Buses run every and late afternoon/evening traffic hours. Bus 8: University of Massachusetts, Harbor 20 minutes during peak hours. A shorter Point Campus, to Kenmore Square via BUMC. It "loop" to the Longwood Medical Area and For more information about shuttle connects BUMC with the Orange Line at Ruggles Dudley Square via Harrison Avenue also will busses or other transportation services to Station and with the Green Line at Kenmore. run every 10 minutes during peak hours. and from the Medical Center, please caU Buses generally run every 25 to 30 minutes the BUMC Transportation Coordinator at during peak hours. An abbreviated schedule is Bus 49: Service on Washington Street runs 617/638-7430. available on weekends and holidays. directly from Dudley Square to Downtown ^ To Cambridge

Charles River 38%

Undergraduate Admissions Reception Center STORROW DRIVE 34 18 21 30 33 12 37 11 i 10 16 / 35 1 7 ^ 13 14 17 19 20 25 27 - ® COMMONWEAI-^" • ® ® COMMONWEALTH AVE. George Sherman Union ® I University Shuttle Bus ^ Kenmore Square . , 15 22 28 23 26 1 * / 1 1 29 32 24 Walking time from (5) } Kenmore Square to "O"™ | West Campus residences is Highlights of Boston University approximately 30 minutes. Charles River Campus

Schools and Colleges Sargent College ot Allied Health Protesslons, University Facilities Marsh Chapel, 735 Comm. Ave. 18 School tor the Arts, 855 Comm. Ave. 7 635 Comm. Ave. 25 Academy, Boston University, 1 University Rd. 9 Martin Luther King Jr. Center, 19 Deerfield St. 35 College ot Communication, 640 Comm. Ave. 26 School ot Social Work, 264 Bay State Rd. 18 Art Gallery, University, 855 Comm. Ave. 7 Metcalt Science Center, 590 Comm. Ave. 32 School ot Education, 605 Comm. Ave. 27 School ot Theology, 745 Comm. Ave. 14 Biology and Physics Research Buildings, Morse Auditorium, 602 Comm. Ave. 28 College ot Engineering, 44 Cummington St. 24 The University Protessors, 745 Comm. Ave. 14 3-5 Cummington St. 29 Mugar Memorial Library, 771 Comm. Ave. 11 College ot General Studies, 871 Comm. Ave. 6 B.U. Bookstore Mall, 660 Beacon St. 38 President's Ottlce, 147 Bay State Rd. 30 Major Residences Henry M. Goldman School ot Graduate Dentistry, Case Athletic Center, 285 Babcock St. 2 Registrar, 881 Comm. Ave. 5 Danielsen Hall, 512 Beacon St. 38 too E. Newton St. (not on map) The Castle, 225 Bay State Rd. 21 Student Health Services, 881 Comm. Ave. (West) 5 Hamilton House, 1110 Commonwealth Ave. Graduate School, 705 Comm. Ave. 19 Center tor English Language and Students, Dean ot, 775 Comm. Ave. 10 (not on map)* School ot Hospitality Administration, Orientation Programs, 730 Comm. Ave. 15 Summer Term, 755 Comm. Ave. 13 Myles Standlsh Hail, 610 Beacon St. 37 808 Comm. Ave 8 Comptroller, 881 Comm. Ave. 5 Theatre, 264 Huntington Ave. (not on map) Shelton Hall, 91 Bay State Rd. 34 School ot Law, 765 Comm. Ave. 12 Concert Hall, 855 Comm. Ave. 7 Tsai Pertormance Center, 685 Comm. Ave. 20 South Campus (not on map) College ot Liberal Arts, 725 Comm. Ave. 17 Financial Assistance, 881 Comm. Ave. 5 Undergraduate Admissions Reception Center, The Towers, 140 Bay State Rd. 31 School ot Management, 685 Comm. Ave. 20 George Sherman Union, 775 Comm. Ave. 10 121 Bay State Rd. 33 Warren Towers, 700 Comm. Ave. 22 School ot Medicine, 80 E. Concord St. (not on map) Housing Ottlce, 985 Comm. Ave. 4 University Intormatlon Center, 771 Comm. Ave. 11 West Campus, 273-277 Babcock St. 3 Metropolitan College, 755 Comm. Ave. 13 Intormatlon Technology, 111 Cummington St. 23 1019 Commonwealth Avenue 1 Science and Engineering Program, International Students and Scholars Ottlce, (J) MBTA Stops 808 Comm. Ave. 8 19 Deerfield St. 35 BOSTON UNIVERSITY DIVISION OF GRADUATE MEDICAL SCIENCES APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION

General Instructions references be returned to you in these enve• Language (TOEFL). A score of 550 or better is Before you complete this application, you should lopes, sealed and signed across the seal. required. International applicants are also required consult the Division of Graduate Medical Sci• Enclose with these, in the larger envelope to submit results of the appropriate Graduate ences (GMS) Bulletin for current general addressed to the Division, your application for Record Examination (GRE); consult the Depart• School policies and those of the various depart• admission, address labels, and personal statement. ment/Program Information Sheet to determine ments and programs. Attention to details will what test scores are required. facilitate processing this application. All parts of All materials and credentials are to be mailed the application must be completed, including Test Scores directly to the Division of Graduate Medical Sci• address labels. Please note that the application The Graduate School requires that all official test ences; confidential envelopes are not provided to for admission also serves as the application score results be sent directly to the Division from international applicants living outside the United for financial assistance from Boston Univer• the testing center. To determine which test scores States. International students must make sity. By checking the "Yes" box on the applica• are required, please consult the Department/Pro• arrangements for travel to and from Boston tion, you will be considered for all University gram Information Sheet. and for adequate financial resources, includ• sources of financial aid. For details of types of ing tuition and living expenses, for at least University aid available, consult the "University Nondegree Applicants one year at Boston University. Sources of Aid" section of this bulletin. If insuffi• A limited number of teaching fellowships and Persons with an accredited bachelor's degree or its cient space is provided for any items, attach sup• assistantships are available to qualified interna• international equivalent who do not wish to enter plementary pages. tional students with superior fluency in English. a degree program may apply to the Division for U.S. immigration regulations generally prohibit admission as a special student with nondegree sta• international students from accepting employ• tus. Applicants must submit the School and Application Fee ment during the first year of study in the United Department copies of the application; on the Include with your application a check or money States unless the University offers an appointment reverse side of the Department copy, please indi• order payable to Boston University for the nonre• together with admission. Information and assis• cate the specific objectives of the studies/courses fundable application fee of $50. Your application tance regarding governmental and University reg• sought. In addition, the applicant must submit an will not be considered without payment of the ulations may be obtained by writing to the Boston official transcript of the most recent studies lead• application fee. University International Students and Scholars ing to a degree and must submit the nonrefund• Office, 19 Deerfield Street, Boston, MA 02215, able application fee. No test score results are USA. For further advice and assistance in seeking Application Deadline required. admission, international students are advised to The complete application packet must be sent by Applicants previously enrolled as nondegree consult the nearest United States embassy, consul• the applicant to the School to be received no later students who are interested in change of status ate, or information center. than January 15 for fall admission and October 15 must refer to the current Division of Graduate Please send your application form and all for spring admission if student is applying for Medical Sciences Bulletin for rules regarding credentials to: financial aid. Otherwise, the Division of Graduate nondegree-to-degree application policies and Medical Sciences programs have no deadlines. transfer of credit policies. Boston University Applications submitted with all supporting Nondegree applicants are not eligible for School of Medicine credentials will be given priority. University sources of financial aid or aid that Division of Graduate Medical Sciences requires matriculation in a degree program. Graduate Admissions Office 80 East Concord Street, Room L317 Credentials Required Boston, Massachusetts 02218 A complete application packet consists of the International Applicants USA completed School and Department copies of the The following credentials must be received before If you need additional information, call 617/ application. Personal Statement, completed an application will be considered for admission: a 638-5120. address labels, sealed letters of reference, and offi• nonrefundable application fee of $50; the com• Applicants should note that all materials cial transcripts from every college or university pleted and signed School and Department copies submitted in support of an application attended. A college senior should submit an offi• of the application; Personal Statement; completed become the sole property of the University cial transcript of work completed in the first address labels; letters of reference from faculty and neither originals nor copies will be pro• semester of the senior year as soon as it is available. members in your held of proposed study who are vided to the applicant for other uses. Note: If you have a bulletin with an application familiar with your work and the American system bound in the back, you will also find enclosed four of higher education; certified copies and official envelopes; three are for letters of reference. They English translations of all records of aca• are designed to enable you to maintain control demic achievement in each college or univer• over the application process while assuring evalua- sity attended; completed, signed International tors of confidentiality. Send the recommendation Student Data form and appropriate financial and form to your evaluator (be sure to complete the visa documentation. In addition, all applicants top portion of the form first), with an envelope whose native language is not English are required addressed to yourself. Please request that all to submit results of the Test of English as a Foreign

~ 97 — Application for Admission

University Sources of Aid month period. Research Assistantship stipends are See other awards, loan information, etc., in the If you wish to be considered for financial taxable. In some cases, tuition scholarships may be Graduate Medical Sciences Bulletin section assistance from Boston University, be sure to included as part of the award. on financial assistance. check the "Yes" box on your application for admission. Your application will then he Martin Luther King, Jr., Fellowship Under the provisions of the 1974 Family Educa• considered for an award from any of the fol• The Martin Luther King, Jr., Fellowship is avail• tional Rights and Privacy Act you should be aware lowing University resources. able to African American students beginning that the University is authorized to disclose per• graduate study in any department or program of sonally identifiable information from your educa• Presidential University Graduate Fellowship the University. It provides tuition and fees for full- tional records to approved financial aid agencies to These rellovvships provide, for exceptionally well- time study plus a stipend. Students are nominated which you have applied for aid if access to that quahfied entering PhD students, one full year of for this award by their academic department and information is needed by these agencies to deter• support. This award requires no service; it may not apply directly. Interested students should mine your eligibility for, the conditions of, and/or includes a substantial stipend and full tuition specify on the application for admission that they maintenance of aid, or to enforce terms connected scholarship. Students may not apply directly for wish to be nominated by their department for with the receipt of such aid. these awards. Nominees are proposed by the this fellowship. Graduate School departments, divisions, and pro• grams, and are reviewed by the Graduate School University Fellowship Committee, which makes Other Sources of Aid final recommendations for awards to the Associate Application requests for college work-study Dean of the Graduate School. and Whitney M. Young, Jr., Fellowships should he directed to Boston University Presidential University Teaching Fellowship Graduate School, Financial Aid Office, 705 These teaching fellowships are awarded to Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA continuing students who received University 02215;617/353-2697. Graduate Fellowships in their first year of study and who have been nominated by the department. Federal College Work-Study (CWS) Recipients provide teaching support in under• Work-Study is a federally-funded, need-based graduate instruction, and for this service receive a program for U.S. citizens and permanent resi• generous stipend and tuition scholarship for up to dents, designed to promote part-time and summer full tuition and fees for a maximum of four courses employment to help students meet educational per semester. The University is required to report expenses. Students are placed at the University or the stipend portion of the award as income to the in nonprofit off-campus organizations during the federal government and the student is subject to academic year and in full-time assignments during appropriate federal tax laws. the summer. This program provides students with the opportunity not only to earn money but also Teaching Fellowship to develop skills that may be related to their A Teaching Fellowship provides a stipend for a courses of study. To apply, students must file a Free superior student who assists the faculty in carrying Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) out the teaching mission of the University; through the College Scholarship Service (CSS). approximately 20 hours of service per week are An application for Federal College Work-Study required. Payments are made in four monthly can be requested from the Graduate School Finan• installments each semester. In addition, a scholar• cial Aid Office. The deadline for receipt of appli• ship is provided for tuition and fees during the cations is February 1 for summer work-study and academic year; no service is required for the schol• May 1 for academic year work-study. arship. Ordinarily, recipients are not permitted to carry more than three courses in a semester. Par• Whitney M. Young, jr., Fellowship tial awards may be given. Because this appoint• The Whitney M. Young, Jr., Fellowship is ment involves service to a department of the available for an entering or continuing African University, it is required that the stipend be American student who has displayed academic reported to the federal government as income; proficiency in a field related to race relations or taxes are withheld from the stipend portion of urban problems. This fellowship provides a schol• the award. arship for full tuition and fees plus a stipend. The deadline for receipt of the application with all sup• Graduate Assistantship porting documents is March 1. A Graduate Assistant receives up to full tuition and fees for a maximum of four courses per semester. Duties vary according to the needs of individual Federal Stafford Loans departments and require up to 15 hours of service Federal Stafford loans are need-based, long-term per week. Partial awards may be given. Because educational loans to U.S. citizens and permanent tliis appointment involves service to a department residents available through banks, credit unions, of the University, it is required that this award be savings and loan associations, Boston University, reported to the federal government as income; and other lending institutions. Repayment of sub• taxes are withheld from this award. sidized loans begins when the student has gradua• ted, terminated study, or enrolled on a less than Research Assistantship half-time basis. Students who wish to borrow Research assistants assist individual faculty mem• funds through this loan program must obtain an bers on specific research projects. The positions application from their lending institution or Bos• are generally funded by faculty research grants and ton University. In addition, loan applicants must thus their availability varies from year to year. file the Free Application for Federal Student Aid Although duties vary, stipend amounts are gener• (FAFSA). ally comparable to those associated with a Teach• ing Fellowship and may be awarded up to a 12-

— 98 — Boston University APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION BOSTON Division of Graduate Medical Sciences School of Medicine SCHOOL COPY UNIVERSITY 80 East Concord Street, Room L317 Boston, Massachusetts 02118

Department Name. Date of Intended Enrollment September or January circle one year September or January Specialization Prior application to this school? circle one year Degree • Master of Arts • (Post-bachelor's) Doctor of Philosophy • (Post-master's) Doctor of Philosophy • Nondegree Program: (M.A.) (M.A./Ph.D.) (Ph.D.) Last (Family) Name First Middle Former Name U.S. Social Security Number or Boston University I.D. Number

Reply Address (good until. / / Zip (Postal) Code Telephone Number (days) (eves)

Permanent Address Zip (Postal) Code Telephone Number (permanent)

Marital Status* Circle one* Date and Place of Birth* Country of Citizenship If not U.S. citizen, has Permanent Month/DayA'ear Residency in the U.S. been issued? Male Female • Yes • No Give dates the Graduate Record Examination and/or the Miller Analogies Test and/or the Test of English as a Foreign Language were (will be) taken.

GRE Date MAT Date TOEFL Date

Persons writing letters of recommendation on your behalf:

1 2..

Colleges or Universities attended (most recent first) Location Dates (from/to) Major field Name of degrees awarded and date awarded or expected

Do you wish to be considered for financial aid from Boston University? DYes DNO Are you a U.S. veteran? DVes • No If a U.S. citizen, do you wish to be considered a member of an ethnic group? DYes • No If so, which?

Signature Date

THE APPLiCANT SHOULD NOT WRITE BELOW

DEPARTMENTAL RECOMMENDATIONS FINANCIAL AID PREREQUISITES INTEROFFICE • Aid Not Requested RATING: 1 2 3 4; (circle one) high

• Recommendation Fee. • Admit MAD for Aid Attached GRE: V. Post-Bachelor's PhD • COREQUISITES Q. Post-Master's PhD • • Aid Decision Pending A. NonDegree • SUB. • Place on Alternate List • No Aid

• Reject MAT.

Basis TOEFL. .TWE.

Chairman's Signature Date.

COMMITTEE ON ADMISSIONS • ADMIT

• REJECT Graduate School Review Date

*This information is requested for statistical information and not required. Failure to provide this information will not prevent your application from being considered.

Boston University APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION BOSTON Division of Graduate Medical Sciences DEPARTMENT COPY School of Medicine UNIVERSITY SO East Concord Street, Room L317 Boston, Massachusetts 02118

• Full Time Department Name. Date of Intended Enrollment. • Part Time

Prior application to this school? September or January Specialization circle one year Degree • Master of • (Post-bachelor's) Doctor of Philosophy • (Post-master's) Doctor of Philosophy • Nondegree Program: Arts (M.A./Ph.D.) (Ph.D.) (M.A.) Last (Family) Name First Middle Former Name U.S. Social Security Number or Boston University I.D. Number

Zip (Postal) Code Telephone Number Reply Address (good until. / / date (days) (eves)

Permanent Address Zip (Postal) Code Telephone Number (permanent)

Marital Status* Circle one* Date and Place of Birth' Country of Citizenship If not U.S. citizen, has Permanent Month/Day/Year Residency in the U.S. been issued? Male Female • Yes • No If the department to which you are applying requires the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) or the Miller Analogies Test, provide the following information:

General Test scores and percentage ranks Subject Test score and percentage rank

GRE I % / % I % Test date Verbal Quantitative Analytical Subject Name Score/Rank

Test of English as a Foreign Language: TOEFL. Sec. 1 Sec. 2. Sec. 3. Total Score Test date

TWE.

MAT Test date Score

Persons writing letters of recommendation on your behalf:

Colleges or Universities attended (most recent first) Location Dates (from/to) Major field Name of degrees awarded and date awarded or expected

Do you wish to be considered for financial aid from Boston University? DYes • No Are you a U.S. veteran? DYes • No

Do you wish to be considered a member of a minority group? • Yes • No If so, which?

List all courses that you are currently enrolled in that do not appear on your current transcript.

INSTITUTION DEPT. TITLE OF COURSE (If possible, give name of instructor) NO. OF CREDITS

'This Information Is requested but not required. Failure to provide this information will not prevent your application from being considered.

Continued on reverse side List below all courses in your intended area of study that have been or will be completed prior to enrollment. Then list all foreign language courses you have taken or are taking, and describe your speaking and reading competence in each language. Mark graduate-level courses with a "G" after the grade. Any graduate-level courses for which you anticipate requesting transfer of credit should be marked with an asterisk (*).

Institution Department Title of Course No. of Grade (If possible, give Credits name of instructor)

Employment Information

List ail jobs held since you began undergraduate studies, starting with the most recent (a resume may be submitted as a replacement or supplement to this section).

Dates Employer Location Title Full-or Part-time

Optional: Have you been in contact with a member of the Boston University faculty or staff in your chosen department of study? • Yes DNO If so, with whom?

Personal Statement

Write a statement on a separate page of not less than 200 words describing your qualifications and the objectives of your educational program. Report any research activities, publications, independent studies, and memberships in academic, professional, or honorary societies. Account for time that has elapsed between formal studies. Applicants for teaching fellowships should indicate previous teaching experience. If any physical or emotional factors will affect your program of study, please include an explanation in your statement. Please be sure to write your name on this sheet. Please be advised that under certain circumstances, this evaluation may be reviewed by someone other than a member of the admissions committee of the department indi• cated above.

Remember to Attach your Personal Statement Boston University BOSTON Division of Graduate Medical Sciences UNIVERSITY School of Medicine 80 East Concord Street, Room L317 Boston, Massachusetts 02118 Recommendation for Admission

The applicant should complete all relevant sections below and submit this form to the person providing a recommendation. Materials submitted in support of an application become the property of the University, and neither originals nor copies will be provided. (Please type or print.)

Applicant's name (Family Name) (Given Name) (Middle)

Applicant for • Master of Arts • Nondegree • (Post-bachelor's) Doctor of Philosophy •MD/PhD Dual Degree • (Post-master's) Doctor of Philosopfiy

Department name Specialization.

Evaluator's name. .Title or Position

Institution/Company

Address

Telephone Number.

To the Applicant: This recommendation will become part of your Admissions file. It will not be disclosed to any unauthorized individual without your con• sent. If you matriculate at Boston University, you will be accorded access to its contents unless you voluntarily waive your right of access. Please check one of the boxes and sign the statement below.

I have read the information above and I hereby S my right of access to this document should I matriculate at Boston University. u do not waive

Signature. . Date.

TO THE PERSON MAKING THE RECOMMENDATION: Under the 1974 Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act, the applicant named above will have access to this recommendation unless he/she has waived that right. If you choose not to use this form for your recommendation, please return the form with your letter so that the above waiver may apply to such letters. Please be advised that under certain circumstances, this evaluation may be reviewed by someone other than a member of the admissions committee of the department indicated above. The Committee on Admissions of the Graduate School will greatly appreciate your cooperation in providing an evaluation of the applicant's potential as a graduate student.

1. How well do you know the applicant? • as reported by junior staff members (Check as many as apply) • as a student in a large lecture course • as a student in a small class • as a student in laboratory courses • as a student engaged in research or independent study under my direction • as my advisee • other (state)

2. How long have you known the applicant?

3. For what level of graduate study do you recommend the applicant? • a program leading to the master's degree only • a program leading to the Ph.D. degree • a program leading to the MD/PhD dual degree

4. Would you accept this student to work with you toward a Ph.D. degree? If no, please comment. • Yes • No

PLEASE COMPLETE THE REVERSE SIDE OF THIS SHEET 5. Please summarize your evaluation by checking your estimate on the following items. ("Exceptional" should indicate that the applicant is comparable to the best-qualified student you have known. "Good" should indicate a positive recommendation with no reservation.)

a. No basis for General Qualifications Exceptional Good Fair Doubtful Poor judgment

Ability to engage in independent inquiry

Ability to express self in writing

Breadth of general knowledge Analytical skills—science and mathematics

Emotional stability and maturity

intellectual ability

Motivation

Perseverance

Potential as a creative scholar

Responsibility in assignments and undertakings

b. Potential as a Teacher

Ability to stimulate interest

Breadth of perspective on field of study

Interest in teaching

Poise and clarity of expression

Proficiency and experience in working with groups

c. Laboratory Skills

6. What is your overall ranking of this applicant as compared with other students you have known at his or her educational level? • Upper 5% •Upper 10% •Upper 25% •Upper 50% •Lower 50%

7. In a brief statement, describe the major strengths and weaknesses of the applicant as a potential graduate student.

Signature Date.

Please return to: BOSTON UNIVERSITY Division of Graduate Medical Sciences School of Medicine Graduate Office 80 East Concord Street Boston, Massachusetts 02118 Boston University BOSTON Division of Graduate Medical Sciences UNIVERSITY School of Medicine 80 East Concord Street, Room L317 Boston, Massachusetts 02118 Recommendation for Admission

The applicant should complete all relevant sections below and submit this form to the person providing a recommendation. Materials submitted in support of an application become the property of the University, and neither originals nor copies will be provided. (Please type or print.)

Applicant's name. (Family Name) (Given Name) (Middle)

Applicant for • Master of Arts • Nondegree • (Post-bachelor's) Doctor of Philosophy •MD/PhD Dual Degree • (Post-master's) Doctor of Philosophy

Department name Specialization

Evaluator's name. . Title or Position.

Institution/Company.

Address

Telepfione Number.

To the Applicant: This recommendation will become part of your Admissions file. It will not be disclosed to any unauthorized individual without your con• sent. If you matriculate at Boston University, you will be accorded access to its contents unless you voluntarily waive your right of access. Please check one of the boxes and sign the statement below. I I w^jvG I have read the information above and I hereby r-, . . • nay right of access to this document should I matriculate at Boston University. ' U do not waive ' ^ '

Signature. . Date.

TO THE PERSON MAKING THE RECOMMENDATION: Under the 1974 Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act, the applicant named above will have access to this recommendation unless he/she has waived that right. If you choose not to use this form for your recommendation, please return the form with your letter so that the above waiver may apply to such letters. Please be advised that under certain circumstances, this evaluation may be reviewed by someone other than a member of the admissions committee of the department indicated above.

The Committee on Admissions of the Graduate School will greatly appreciate your cooperation in providing an evaluation of the applicant's potential as a graduate student.

1. How well do you know the applicant? • as reported by junior staff members (Check as many as apply) • as a student in a large lecture course • as a student in a small class • as a student in laboratory courses • as a student engaged in research or independent study under my direction • as my advisee • other (state)

2. How long have you known the applicant?

3. For what level of graduate study do you recommend the applicant? • a program leading to the master's degree only • a program leading to the Ph.D. degree • a program leading to the MD/PhD dual degree

4. Would you accept this student to work with you toward a Ph.D. degree? If no, please comment. • Yes • No

PLEASE COMPLETE THE REVERSE SIDE OF THIS SHEET 5. Please summarize your evaluation by checking your estimate on the following items. ("Exceptional" should indicate that the applicant is comparable to the best-qualified student you have known. "Good" should indicate a positive recommendation with no reservation.) a. No basis for General Qualifications Exceptional Good Fair Doubtful Poor judgment

Ability to engage in independent inquiry

Ability to express self in writing

Breadth of general knowledge Analytical skills—science and mathematics

Emotional stability and maturity

Intellectual ability

Motivation

Perseverance

Potential as a creative scholar

Responsibility in assignments and undertakings b. Potential as a Teacher

Ability to stimulate interest

Breadth of perspective on field of study

Interest in teaching

Poise and clarity of expression

Proficiency and experience in working with groups c. Laboratory Skills

6. What is your overall ranking of this applicant as compared with other students you have known at his or her educational level? • Upper 5% •Upper 10% • Upper 25% •Upper 50% •Lower 50%

7. In a brief statement, describe the major strengths and weaknesses of the applicant as a potential graduate student.

Signature Date.

Please return to: BOSTON UNIVERSITY Division of Graduate Medical Sciences School of Medicine Graduate Office 80 East Concord Street Boston, Massachusetts 02118 Boston University BOSTON Division of Graduate Medical Sciences UNIVERSITY School of Medicine 80 East Concord Street, Room L317 Boston, Massachusetts 02118 Recommendation for Admission

The applicant should complete all relevant sections below and submit this form to the person providing a recommendation. Materials submitted in support of an application become the property of the University, and neither originals nor copies will be provided. (Please type or print.)

Applicant's name. (Family Name) (Given Name) (Middle)

Applicant for • Master of Arts • Nondegree • (Post-bachelor's) Doctor of Philosophy •MD/PhD Dual Degree • (Post-master's) Doctor of Philosopfiy

Department name Specialization.

Evaluator's name .Title or Position

Institution/Company.

Address

Telephone Number.

To the Applicant: This recommendation will become part of your Admissions file. It will not be disclosed to any unauthorized individual without your con• sent. If you matriculate at Boston University, you will be accorded access to its contents unless you voluntarily waive your right of access. Please check one of the boxes and sign the statement below. • waive have read the information above and I hereby ,—i ^ . • my right of access to this document should I matriculate at Boston University. U do not waive

Signature. . Date.

TO THE PERSON MAKING THE RECOMMENDATION: Under the 1974 Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act, the applicant named above will have access to this recommendation unless he/she has waived that right. If you choose not to use this form for your recommendation, please return the form with your letter so that the above waiver may apply to such letters. Please be advised that under certain circumstances, this evaluation may be reviewed by someone other than a member of the admissions committee of the department indicated above.

The Committee on Admissions of the Graduate School will greatly appreciate your cooperation in providing an evaluation of the applicant's potential as a graduate student.

1. How well do you know the applicant? • as reported by junior staff members (Check as many as apply) • as a student in a large lecture course • as a student in a small class • as a student in laboratory courses • as a student engaged in research or independent study under my direction • as my advisee • other (state) -—

2. How long have you known the applicant?

3. For what level of graduate study do you recommend the applicant? • a program leading to the master's degree only • a program leading to the Ph.D. degree • a program leading to the MD/PhD dual degree

4. Would you accept this student to work with you toward a Ph.D. degree? If no. please comment. • Yes • No

PLEASE COMPLETE THE REVERSE SIDE OF THIS SHEET 5. Please summarize your evaluation by checking your estimate on the following items. ("Exceptional" should indicate that the applicant is comparable to the best-qualified student you have known. "Good" should indicate a positive recommendation with no reservation.)

a. No basis for General Qualifications Exceptional Good Fair Doubtful Poor judgment

Ability to engage in independent inquiry

Ability to express self in writing

Breadth of general knowledge Analytical skills—science and mathematics

Emotional stability and maturity

intellectual ability

Motivation

Perseverance

Potential as a creative scholar

Responsibility in assignments and undertakings b. Potential as a Teacher

Ability to stimulate interest

Breadth of perspective on field of study

Interest in teaching

Poise and clarity of expression

Proficiency and experience in working with groups c. Laboratory Skills

6. What is your overall ranking of this applicant as compared with other students you have known at his or her educational level? • Upper 5% •Upper 10% •Upper 25% • Upper 50% • Lower 50%

7. In a brief statement, describe the major strengths and weaknesses of the applicant as a potential graduate student.

Signature Date.

Please return to: BOSTON UNIVERSITY Division of Graduate Medical Sciences School of Medicine Graduate Office 80 East Concord Street Boston, Massachusetts 02118 Instructions for International Applicants

The Division of Graduate Medical Sciences (GMS) offers programs leading to the Master of Arts (MA) and the Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degrees In the fields of study as listed. If you do not find the graduate program you want here, another School in the University may offer It. Please be sure to check everything carefully, especially application deadlines and special departmental requirements, before sub• mitting your application.

Academic Regulations

Requirements tor the completion ot the Master of Arts degree Include a minimum ot eight graduate-level courses and a thesis or com• prehensive examination It specified by the department or division ot major study. Each student who has not previously completed at least two years ot study in a foreign language shall make up the deficiency by coursework or examination (an International student may not otter his/her native language In tultlllment ot the language requirement.) The program must be completed within three years ot the first registration In the Division ot Graduate Medical Sciences. Requirements tor the completion ot the Doctor of Pliilosophy degree Include a minimum ot 16 graduate-level semester courses tor stu• dents without a master's degree or equivalent (the program must be completed within seven years ot the first registration In the GMS) or eight graduate-level semester courses tor students with a master's degree or equivalent (the program must be completed within five years ot the first registration In the GMS). Candidates must give evidence ot mastery ot at least one foreign language (an International student may not otter his/her native language In tultlllment ot the language requirement), pass qualifying examinations, and present and defend a dissertation. Each student must satisfy a residency requirement ot at least two consecutive regular semesters ot full-time study at Boston University.

Materials Required for Application for Admission to the Division of Graduate Medical Sciences

1. A nonrefundable application tee ot $50 (paid In U.S. currency or check. International money order, or an International check drawn on a bank In the United States). This tee cannot be waived. An application will not be considered without It. 2. Completed admission application (Including address labels). Indicating major field ot study and degree program desired. 3. Completed International Student Data Form (see Estimate ot Expenses tor help with financial planning.) Please complete and sub• mit all four pages. You must attach documentation of all sources of financial support as stated In the Financial Declaration portion of the International Student Data Form. It you are currently In the United States, It Is essential to Include a photocopy ot your current visa. 4. Two letters ot recommendation (unless your proposed department ot study requires three) from faculty members In your proposed field ot study who are familiar with the American system ot higher education. 5. Certified ottlclal copies (not photocopies) and certified Englisfi translations ot all academic records from every college or university you have attended. 6. All students applying to the Division ot Graduate Medical Sciences, including international students, must submit results ot the Gradu• ate Record Examination (GRE), General and appropriate Subject tests or the Medical College Aptitude Test (MCAT). In the United States, the GRE Is administered In October, December, February, April, and June. Test dates may vary In other parts ot the world. To receive registration materials, write to: GRE, Educational Testing Service, RO. Box 6000, Princeton, NJ 08541-6000, USA. Interna• tional students are not required to take the Miller Analogies Test (MAT). 7. It your native language Is not English, you must submit results ot the Test ot English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL). The TOEFL Is administered monthly In major centers around the world. To receive registration materials, write to (within the United States): TOEFL/ TSE Services, Box 6151, Princeton, NJ 08541 -6151. Fax: 609/951-1300. Outside the United States, please write to: TOEFLTTSE Pub• lications, Box 6154, Princeton, NJ 08541-6154, USA. Telephone: 609/951-1100. 8. By checking the "YES" box following the question about financial aid on the application tor admission, you will be considered tor all Boston University sources ot tinanclal aid. Financial aid In the form ot fellowships, scholarships, assistantships, etc. Is available to International students, but awards are made on the basis ot merit, not tinanclal need. To be considered tor tinanclal aid, your application must be received by the Division ot Gradu• ate Medical Sciences no later than December 31. Otherwise, the MA In Medical Sciences in the Division ot Graduate Medical Sci• ences programs has no deadline.

Application form and all credentials should be sent to (prior to June 1):

BOSTON UNIVERSITY Division ot Graduate Medical Sciences School ot Medicine 80 East Concord Street, Room L317 Boston, Massachusetts 02118 USA

Boston University International Student Data Form

This form must be completed and submitted by all International Students applying for admission. Please answer all questions and return the form with other application documents to the Admissions Office reviewing your application. If you are accepted, the appropriate visa forms will be sent to you when you have submitted the documents requested on this form.

General Information

Name ~Femal e (Circe one) family/last (in capital letters) first middle

Date of birtli Flace of birtli month day year city country

Country of citizenship Country of permanent residence

Permanent address in home country:

Street City State

Country Zip code Telephone Fax.

This address can be used for mail from to

If you wish correspondence to be sent to you at an address other than the one above, please write It here:

Street City State

Country Zip code Telephone Fax.

This address can be used for mall from to

Name and address of friend or relative to notify In case of emergency:

Street City State

Country Zip code Telephone Fax.

To which College or School at Boston University are you applying?

What will be your major field of study? __

For which degree program are you applying?

For which semester are you applying? (circle one) September January Summer I Summer II Year:

What Is your father's occupation? __

What is your mother's occupation?

State the number of brothers and sisters In school who are dependent upon your family funds for their education:

Are any of these siblings studying In the United States? Yes No At Boston University? Yes No Financial Declaration

Boston University is required by U.S. government regulations to check the availability of adequate funding for your tuition, fees, and living expenses for the duration of your studies at Boston University. We will be unable to provide you with the documents neces• sary to obtain your visa without verification of adequate funding. (Please refer to the accompanying estimate of expenses for the breakdown of fees and for the minimum required per annum.)

All sources of support which you submit must be:

1. Originals, not photocopies

2. Shown In U.S. dollars

3. For Boston University specifically, and no other college or university

4. No more than one year old

5. Written In English

Please check the box below which describes the type of funding you will be receiving, and attach the appropriate official docu• mentation as outlined below:

• If you will be funded by your parents or a relative, please submit:

1. A legalized letter of sponsorship which Indicates that your sponsor Is willing and able to support you financially for your academic fees and living expenses throughout the duration of your studies at Boston University.

2. A bank statement or credit reference from a bank stating the availability of the minimum estimated expenses (as Indicated on the Estimate of Expense sheet enclosed). This document should be In English, and the sum should be Indicated In U.S. dollars.

• If you will be funded by your government, an organization, a company, etc., the sponsor must submit an official letter of sponsor• ship which states:

1. That your funding Is valid for Boston University specifically.

2. What expenses will be covered. For example: academic fees, living expenses (how much), health Insurance, financial support for family members, travel costs, etc.

3. The length of time of the support.

Amounts should be In U.S. dollars.

• If you will be funded by a bank loan, you must submit an official letter of certification from the lending Institution. Amounts should be In U.S. dollars.

• If you will be funded by a Salary or Study-leave allowance, you must submit an official letter from your employer validating this Information. Amounts should be In U.S. dollars.

• If you will be funded In a manner not listed above (for example. If you will fund yourself), you must submit official documentation (a bank statement or a credit reference from a bank) from the source of sponsorship clearly stating the amount of financial sup• port to be provided and the length of time for which It will be available. Amounts should be In U.S. dollars. Language Information

Is English your native language? Yes No If not, what Is your native language?

In what other languages are you fluent?

If you have been enrolled, are currently enrolled, or will enroll In an Intensive English-language program In the United States, please complete the following:

Name ot the English-language program

Address

Dates ot your enrollment: from to.

It English Is not your native language, Boston University requires the Test ot English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) as proof ot yourprotlclency In English. To apply tor this test, write directly to: TOEFL, Box 6151, Princeton, New Jersey 08541-6151, U.S.A., or consult the nearest United States Embassy, Consulate, or Bl-Natlonal Center.

On what date do you plan on taking the TOEFL?

Have the results ot the TOEFL sent d/recf/yfrom the TOEFL testing service In Princeton, New Jersey, to the Admissions Ottlce that Is reviewing your application. It It Is Impossible tor you to take the TOEFL, Boston University will consider the results ot either the Michigan or ALIGU test. The results must be sent directly from the testing center which administered the exam to the Admissions Ottlce reviewing your application. Educational Information

List all schools, colleges, or other Institutions you have attended or are attending In your country and elsewhere. Including the United States:

Degree or Dates Secondary or Preparatory Schools Location diploma from to

Universities, Colleges, Institutes

Was English the medium ot Instruction In any ot these schools? Yes. No

It yes, which school(s)?

Are you now enrolled In a school or college In the United States? Yes. No It yes, give details below:

Purpose.

Location

Date started. Date ot completion

Have you ever visited the United States tor purposes other than school? Yes. No It yes, give details below:

Purpose

Location Dates Visa Information

If you are now In the United States, please Indicate below the type ot visa you hold.

1. F-1 F-2 For F-1 's, admission number from previous 1-20 ID

Please attach a copy of both sides of your Form 1-20 ID, your Form 1-94, and your U.S. Consulate visa stamp.

2. J-1 J-2 Please attach a copy of your Form IAP-66, your Form 1-94, and your U.S. Consulate visa stamp.

3. B-1 B-2 B-2 Prospective Student Please attach a copy of your Form 1-94 and your U.S. Consulate visa stamp. 4. Other: specify catagory Please attach a copy of both sides of your Form 1-94 and your U.S. Consulate visa stamp as well as any other documentation verifying your Immigration status (e.g., 1-797).

Are you single? married? It married, do you Intend to bring your husband/wlte to the United States? Yes No

It your husband/wlte Is already In the United States, what type ot visa does he/she hold?

Below, please give the names ot the dependents who will accompany you to the United States. (The definition ot "dependents" who can be listed on your visa document Includes on/y your husband/wlte and your children under 21 years ot age. It you wish to have other family members and/or employees accompany you to the United States, please consult the U.S. Consulate tor Intormatlon on which visa would be appropriate tor them.)

Relationship Family Name First Name Date ot Birth City and Country ot Birth

Husband/Wlte

Son/Daughter

Son/Daughter

Son/Daughter

It you will be accompanied by your husband/wlte, what will he/she do while In the United States?

Study Child care Other (be specific)

It you are now employed In your home country, what Is your ottlclal job title?

What Is the name ot the organization/company tor which you work?

Address

Briefly describe your responsibilities:

During the summer will you be staying In the United States? Yes No Unsure (It you have checked "yes," you must document the additional summer living expenses as Indicated on the accompanying Estimate ot Expenses sheet.)

Attention: Before you send your application documents to your Admissions Office, Indicate by checking below that you have enclosed:

Froot ot English proficiency It not, why not?

Financial documentation

It not, why not?

I declare that the statements above are true.

Signed Dated

Boston University prohibits discrimination against any individual on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, age, national origin, physical or mental handicap, marital, parental, or veteran status. This policy extends to all rights, privileges, programs, and activities, including admissions, financial assistance, employment, housing, athletics, and educational programs. Boston University recognizes that nondiscrimination does not ensure that equal opportunity Is a reality. Because of this, the University will continue to implement affirmative action Initiatives which promote equal opportunity for ail students, applicants, and employees, inquiries regarding the application of this policy should be addressed to the Director, Office of Equal Opportunity, 25 Buick Street, Boston, lyiA 02215 (617/ 353-4775). BOSTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE DIVISION OF GRADUATE MEDICAL SCIENCES ESTIMATE OF EXPENSES FOR INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS Fall 1995-Spring 1996 Prepared by the International Students and Scholars Office

Please keep in mind that the estimates for living expenses are approximations and that, depending on your lifestyle, these costs may be higher. University tuition, fees, and living expenses will increase annually. Transportation to and from the United States is not included in these estimates. The estimates quoted below are for students attending the Division of Graduate Medical Sciences. Estimate for Nine-Month School Year

Breakdown of Costs Single Student Single Student Married Student (on-campus residence) (off-campus) (off-campus)

Tuition $19,420 $19,420 $19,420

Graduate Program Fee* 25 25 25

Medical Insurance** 509 509 1,600

Rent and Food 7,100*** 8,385 11,037

Books and Supplies 775 775 775

Personal (clothing, miscellaneous) 1,025 2,505 3,327

TOTAL estimate for nine months $28,854 $31,619 $36,184

Estimated Expenses for Dependent Children Add $2,922 (for nine months) or $3,896 (for twelve months) for the first child. Add $1,462 (for nine months) or $1,949 (for twelve months) for each additional child.

Off-Campus Summer Living Expenses*** (tuition and fees not included—see reverse side): For single students, add $3,525. For married students, add $4,649.

Exceptions/Additional Fees Continuing Student Fee: $1,214 per semester for students who are enrolled to work on a thesis but who are not registered for classes.

'Full-time students $25: part-time students $10. Please note that all students in the MD programs are assessed $375 in the fall semester. "Required for student; recommended for spouse. The rate listed is for 1994/95. The 1995/96 rate has not been announced. "'Not Including vacation periods (vacation allowance Is approximately $994 based on 32 days). SUMMER SCHOOL 1995 Tuition and Fees

Session I: May 23-July 1,1995 Session II: July 5-August 12,1995

Tuition Costs Per Credit: Undergraduate (course Nos. 100 to 599) $299 Graduate (course Nos. 600 to 999) 576

Exceptions: School of Education (all courses, per credit) $299 Doctor of Ministry (D.Min.) (all courses, per credit) 200 School of Social Work (all courses, per credit) 455 Metropolitan College (all courses, per credit) 299 Laboratory Fee (per course) 160 Registration Fee (per course) 40 Medical Insurance $157 (6 wks.); $180 (9 wks.); $228 (12 wks.) (student insurance rates)

Employment

In securing a visa, an entering international student must prove to the satisfaction of Boston University, the American Consul, and the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service that he/she has sufficient funds for at least one year of study. Therefore, paid employment is not permitted during the first semester of one's studies.

After the first semester, international students may work on campus by securing written permission from the International Stu• dents and Scholars Office. If permission is granted, the student may work up to 20 hours per week during the academic year and full-time during the summer and vacation periods. There is often a shortage of on-campus jobs, and some students are unable to find employment.

Students on F-1 visas may apply for off-campus employment only after the first year in the United States and only after a number of conditions are met.

Those persons on J-1 visas may engage in any employment specified on the IAP-66 form. The IAP-66 form is the document used to obtain a visa. Such employment authorization is usually reserved, however, for foreign faculty, research scholars, and teaching assistants (TAs), and not for undergraduate students. If there is a clear, urgent need for employment, J-1 students may request work authorization, either on campus or off campus, from their visa sponsor (this might be an agency, or Boston Univer• sity). If the sponsor believes the work will not interfere with the educational objectives being pursued, the sponsor can grant the J-1 student permission to work up to 20 hours per week during the academic year and full-time during the summer and vacation periods. No authorization is needed from the Immigration and Naturalization Service.

Usually at the completion of their academic program, students can apply at the International Students and Scholars Office for practical training authorization, which will allow them to work in their field and be paid.

In all cases, visa regulations require that foreign students maintain a full course of study each semester (minimum of 12 credit hours). Because o1 \his requirement and because permission to work is restricted, students should not expect to finance their studies solely by working In the United States.

Second-class postage paid at Boston, MA and at additional mailing offices.

Third-Class materials enclosed.

BOSTON UNIVERSITY!

Boston University (USPS 061-540) School of Medicine Division of Graduate Medical Sciences 80 East Concord Street, Room L 317 Boston, Massachusetts 02118 Tel: 617/638-5120 Fax:617/638-4842 An equal opportunity, affirmative action institution