DOCSLIB.ORG

Culicoides Species Community Composition and Infection Status

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Culicoides Species Community Composition and Infection Status Martin et al. Parasites & Vectors (2019) 12:39 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-018-3283-9 RESEARCH Open Access Culicoides species community composition and infection status with parasites in an urban environment of east central Texas, USA Estelle Martin1*, Elaine Chu1, Phillip Shults1, Andrew Golnar1, Dustin A. Swanson2, Jamie Benn3, Dongmin Kim1, Peter Schneider3, Samantha Pena4, Cassie Culver4, Matthew C. I. Medeiros5, Sarah A. Hamer6 and Gabriel L. Hamer1* Abstract Background: Despite their importance as vectors of zoonotic parasites that can impact human and animal health, Culicoides species distribution across different habitat types is largely unknown. Here we document the community composition of Culicoides found in an urban environment including developed and natural sites in east central Texas, a region of high vector diversity due to subtropical climates, and report their infection status with haemoparasites. Results: A total of 251 individual Culicoides were collected from May to June 2016 representing ten Culicoides species, dominated by C. neopulicaris followed by C. crepuscularis. We deposited 63 sequences to GenBank among which 25 were the first deposition representative for six Culicoides species: C. arboricola (n =1);C. nanus (n =4);C. debilipalpis (n =2);C. haematopotus (n =14);C. edeni (n =3);andC. hinmani (n = 1). We also record for the first time the presence of C. edeni in Texas, a species previously known to occur in the Bahamas, Florida and South Carolina. The urban environments with natural area (sites 2 and 4) had higher species richness than sites more densely populated or in a parking lot (sites 1 and 3) although a rarefaction analysis suggested at least two of these sites were not sampled sufficiently to characterize species richness. We detected a single C. crepuscularis positive for Onchocercidae gen. sp. DNA and another individual of thesamespeciespositiveforHaemoproteus sacharovi DNA, yielding a 2.08% prevalence (n = 251) for both parasites in this species. Conclusions: We extend the knowledge of the Culicoides spp. community in an urban environment of Texas, USA, and contribute to novel sequence data for these species. Additionally, the presence of parasite DNA (Onchocercidae gen. sp. and H. sacharovi)fromC. crepuscularis suggests the potential for this species to be a vector of these parasites. Keywords: Biting midges, Avian hosts, Onchocercidae, Haemosporida, Vector-parasite association, Integrative taxonomy * Correspondence: [email protected]; [email protected] 1Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA Full list of author information is available at the end of the article © The Author(s). 2019 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. Martin et al. Parasites & Vectors (2019) 12:39 Page 2 of 10 Background with a 6 volt battery, USA) baited with 1.5 kg of dry ice The family Ceratopogonidae (Diptera) includes the were run from approximately 18:00 h to 8:00 h. Traps genus Culicoides, commonly known as biting midges or were placed in 4 localities: a grocery store parking lot “no-see-ums”. Culicoides spp. are hematophagous pests (site 1), research park natural area (site 2), and two pri- and vectors of viruses, protozoans and filarial worms vate homes in residential neighborhoods (site 3 and site [1–3]. A major focus of research on Culicoides spp. is re- 4) (Fig. 1). While site 1 and 3 are located in urban devel- lated to their roles as vectors of epizootic hemorrhagic oped areas, sites 2 and 4 are located in urban natural en- disease virus (EHDV), bluetongue disease virus (BTV) vironments with more vegetation in the surrounding and African horse sickness virus (AHSV) [3]. Beside landscape. In site 4, Culicoides traps were set in three lo- their impact on livestock, Culicoides also transmit para- cations, including one location next to a chicken coop. sites to wildlife such as the avian trypanosome Trypano- After collection, trap contents were chilled on ice for soma bennetti [4] and Haemoproteus parasites [5, 6]; transport to the laboratory where specimens were identi- however, distributional patterns and infection preva- fied to the species level based on wing pattern [17, 18] lences of these parasites remain largely unknown. and stored at -20 °C until further processing. One neglected area in the study of Culicoides spp. is We used an integrative taxonomic approach to identify their ecology in urban environments, where there is an Culicoides. Thirteen specimens were mounted on per- interface with human populations. Prior studies have fo- manent slides to observe anatomic characteristics useful cused on specific species, such as pestiferous salt-marsh for species identification and were in parallel processed species [7] or species from specialized habitats such as by a non-destructive DNA extraction method modified zoos [8], and the vector-host-pathogen interactions in from the Gentra Puregene Kit (#D-5500A) (Gentra Sys- urban environments, could be of potential interest tems, Inc., Minneapolis, USA). Whole specimens were highlighting their potential as vectors of pathogens. Sev- added to individual Eppendorf tubes containing 100 μl eral species of Culicoides are known vectors of Haemo- of Cell Lysis Solution and 1 μl of Proteinase K and incu- sporida [9, 10], parasitic protozoans of amphibians, bated overnight at 55 °C. Specimens were not crushed to reptiles, birds and mammals [10]. These parasites can preserve morphological features. The specimens were cause acute epizootic outbreaks that have severely chilled at 0 °C for 20–30 min, after which 35 μl of 8.0 M altered avian communities by affecting long-term demo- ammonium acetate were added to each tube. The sam- graphic processes such as reproductive rate and sur- ples spun at 2200× rpm for 7 min in an Eppendorf 5424 vivorship [10–12]. Culicoides are also involved in the Centrifuge. The supernatant was pipetted out of the tube transmission of filarial nematodes in the family Oncho- and used to complete the DNA extraction protocol. Ap- cercidae with infection report in the California quail, the proximately 100 μl of 95% ethanol were added to the American crow and the great-tailed grackle [13–15]. tube containing the exoskeleton to prevent further Recently, a high prevalence of haematozoan parasites breakdown. The exoskeletons were separated into body was documented in a population of great-tailed grackles regions (head, thorax, abdomen and wings) and trans- (Quiscalus mexicanus) in College Station, Texas, includ- ferred to 15.0% acetic acid for 10 min, 2-propanol for 10 ing Heamoproteus, Plasmodium, trypanosomes and filar- min, and then 100.0% clove oil. Each body region of a ial worms (Golnar et al., unpublished data). Previous single specimen was slide mounted in Canada balsam work suggests that mosquitoes are not the vectors for under its own coverslip. Slides were kept at 40 °C for 8– these parasites and instead Culicoides are the more likely 10 h and air dried for 72 h [19]. Slides were deposited in vectors [16]. Here, we document the Culicoides spp. the Texas A&M University Entomology Museum under inhabiting the urban environment of College Station, accession number 735. This method allowed for identifi- Texas, USA, and screen individuals for blood-borne cation of specimens both molecularly and morphologic- parasites known to occur in local birds. The ally. Sequences of the cytochrome c subunit 1 (cox1) characterization of Culicoides species in this area where gene were obtained using the protocol described below. a high burden of avian parasites circulates provides an All the remaining specimens (n = 238) were homoge- ideal opportunity to evaluate their potential role as vec- nized in a Mini-Beadbeater-96 (Bio Spec Products Inc., tors of haematozoan parasites. Bartlesville, OK, USA) with three 4 mm PYREX Solid Beads (Sigma-Aldrich, Inc., St. Louis, MO, USA) in 200 Methods μl of Hank’s Buffer Salt Solution (ThermoFisher Scien- Culicoides collection and identification tific, Waltham, MA). DNA was extracted from 100 μlof We collected Culicoides from College Station, Texas (30° the homogenized material (MagMAX CORE Nucleic 37'40.7"N, 96°20'3.8"W) during the months of May and Acid Purification Kit from Applied Biosystems, Foster June, 2016. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention City, CA). A PCR assay targeting a 710 bp region of the miniature light traps (CDC-LT, BioQuip model 2836BQ, cox1 gene of invertebrates [20] was used for molecular Martin et al. Parasites & Vectors (2019) 12:39 Page 3 of 10 Fig. 1 Trapping sites across College Station, Texas, USA. Blue boxes and site numbers are locations where traps were set identification of Culicoides species (Additional file 1: KT794162.1; KT794164.1; KT794165.1; KT794167.1; Table S1). The PCR consisted of 1.5 μl of genomic DNA, KT794171.1) as well as 17 previously unpublished se- 0.5 μM of each primer, 12.5 μl of 1× Premix from the quences (GenBank: MH751220, MH751222, MH751223, Epicentre Failsafe PCR purification kit (Epicentre Bio- MH751224, MH751226, MH751227, MH751228, technologies, Madison, WI, USA), and 1 unit of enzyme MH751235, MH751243, MH751244, MH751246, mix (total volume 25 μl). The thermal cycling profile MH751248, MH751252, MH751258, MH751267, consisted of denaturation at 95 °C for 3 min, followed by MH751273, MH751280) from specimens collected in 35 cycles of 94 °C for 1 min, 45 °C for 1.5 min, 72 °C for Wisconsin, Wyoming and South Carolina and identified 2 min, and a final extension step at 72 °C for 5 min.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • <I>Culicoides
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Center for Systematic Entomology, Gainesville, Insecta Mundi Florida 2015 A revision of the biting midges in the Culicoides (Monoculicoides) nubeculosus-stigma complex in North America with the description of a new species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) William L. Grogan Jr. Florida State Collection of Arthropods, [email protected] Timothy J. Lysyk Lethbridge Research Centre, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi Part of the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, and the Entomology Commons Grogan, William L. Jr. and Lysyk, Timothy J., "A revision of the biting midges in the Culicoides (Monoculicoides) nubeculosus-stigma complex in North America with the description of a new species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)" (2015). Insecta Mundi. 947. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi/947 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Systematic Entomology, Gainesville, Florida at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Insecta Mundi by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. INSECTA MUNDI A Journal of World Insect Systematics 0441 A revision of the biting midges in the Culicoides (Monoculicoides) nubeculosus-stigma complex in North America with the description of a new species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) William L. Grogan, Jr. Florida State Collection of Arthropods Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services Gainesville, Florida 32614-7100 U.S.A. Timothy J. Lysyk Lethbridge Research Centre 5401-1st Ave. South P. O. Box 3000 Lethbridge, Alberta T1J 4B1, Canada Date of Issue: August 28, 2015 CENTER FOR SYSTEMATIC ENTOMOLOGY, INC., Gainesville, FL William L.
    [Show full text]
  • Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 51(2) 1984
    Volume 51 July 1984 PROCEEDINGS ^ of of Washington '- f, V-i -: ;fx A semiannual journal of research devoted to Helminthohgy and all branches of Parasitology Supported in part by the -•>"""- v, H. Ransom Memorial 'Tryst Fund : CONTENTS -j<:'.:,! •</••• VV V,:'I,,--.. Y~v MEASURES, LENA N., AND Roy C. ANDERSON. Hybridization of Obeliscoides cuniculi r\ XGraybill, 1923) Graybill, ,1924 jand Obeliscoides,cuniculi multistriatus Measures and Anderson, 1983 .........:....... .., :....„......!"......... _ x. iXJ-v- 179 YATES, JON A., AND ROBERT C. LOWRIE, JR. Development of Yatesia hydrochoerus "•! (Nematoda: Filarioidea) to the Infective Stage in-Ixqdid Ticks r... 187 HUIZINGA, HARRY W., AND WILLARD O. GRANATH, JR. -Seasonal ^prevalence of. Chandlerellaquiscali (Onehocercidae: Filarioidea) in Braih, of the Common Grackle " '~. (Quiscdlus quisculd versicolor) '.'.. ;:,„..;.......„.;....• :..: „'.:„.'.J_^.4-~-~-~-<-.ii -, **-. 191 ^PLATT, THOMAS R. Evolution of the Elaphostrongylinae (Nematoda: Metastrongy- X. lojdfea: Protostrongylidae) Parasites of Cervids,(Mammalia) ...,., v.. 196 PLATT, THOMAS R., AND W. JM. SAMUEL. Modex of Entry of First-Stage Larvae ofr _^ ^ Parelaphostrongylus odocoilei^Nematoda: vMefastrongyloidea) into Four Species of Terrestrial Gastropods .....:;.. ....^:...... ./:... .; _.... ..,.....;. .-: 205 THRELFALL, WILLIAM, AND JUAN CARVAJAL. Heliconema pjammobatidus sp. n. (Nematoda: Physalbpteridae) from a Skate,> Psammobatis lima (Chondrichthyes: ; ''•• \^ Rajidae), Taken in Chile _... .„ ;,.....„.......„..,.......;. ,...^.J::...^..,....:.....~L.:.....,
    [Show full text]
  • Isolation of Oropouche Virus from Febrile Patient, Ecuador
    RESEARCH LETTERS Testing of tissues from vacuum aspiration and from chorionic 5. Driggers RW, Ho CY, Korhonen EM, Kuivanen S, villi sampling revealed that placenta and chorion contained Jääskeläinen AJ, Smura T, et al. Zika virus infection with prolonged maternal viremia and fetal brain abnormalities. Zika virus RNA. Isolation of Zika virus from the karyotype N Engl J Med. 2016;374:2142–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/ cell culture confirmed active viral replication in embryonic NEJMoa1601824 cells. All the tests performed suggest that the spontaneous abortion in this woman was likely associated with a symp- Address for correspondence: Azucena Bardají, ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic, tomatic Zika virus infection occurring early in pregnancy. Universitat de Barcelona, Rosselló, 132, 5-1, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; These findings provide further evidence of the association email: [email protected] between Zika virus infection early in pregnancy and trans- placental infection, as well as embryonic damage, leading to poor pregnancy outcomes (2). Given that embryo loss had probably occurred days before maternal-related symp- toms, we hypothesize that spontaneous abortion happened early during maternal viremia. The prolonged viremia in the mother beyond the first week after symptom onset concurs with other recent reports (1,5). However, persistent viremia 3 weeks after pregnancy outcome has not been described Isolation of Oropouche Virus previously and underscores the current lack of knowledge from Febrile Patient, Ecuador regarding the persistence of Zika virus infection. Because we identified Zika virus RNA in placental tissues, our find- ings reinforce the evidence for early gestational placental Emma L. Wise, Steven T.
    [Show full text]
  • Epidemiology of Angiostrongylus Cantonensis and Eosinophilic Meningitis
    Epidemiology of Angiostrongylus cantonensis and eosinophilic meningitis in the People’s Republic of China INAUGURALDISSERTATION zur Erlangung der Würde eines Doktors der Philosophie vorgelegt der Philosophisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität Basel von Shan Lv aus Xinyang, der Volksrepublik China Basel, 2011 Genehmigt von der Philosophisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakult¨at auf Antrag von Prof. Dr. Jürg Utzinger, Prof. Dr. Peter Deplazes, Prof. Dr. Xiao-Nong Zhou, und Dr. Peter Steinmann Basel, den 21. Juni 2011 Prof. Dr. Martin Spiess Dekan der Philosophisch- Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät To my family Table of contents Table of contents Acknowledgements 1 Summary 5 Zusammenfassung 9 Figure index 13 Table index 15 1. Introduction 17 1.1. Life cycle of Angiostrongylus cantonensis 17 1.2. Angiostrongyliasis and eosinophilic meningitis 19 1.2.1. Clinical manifestation 19 1.2.2. Diagnosis 20 1.2.3. Treatment and clinical management 22 1.3. Global distribution and epidemiology 22 1.3.1. The origin 22 1.3.2. Global spread with emphasis on human activities 23 1.3.3. The epidemiology of angiostrongyliasis 26 1.4. Epidemiology of angiostrongyliasis in P.R. China 28 1.4.1. Emerging angiostrongyliasis with particular consideration to outbreaks and exotic snail species 28 1.4.2. Known endemic areas and host species 29 1.4.3. Risk factors associated with culture and socioeconomics 33 1.4.4. Research and control priorities 35 1.5. References 37 2. Goal and objectives 47 2.1. Goal 47 2.2. Objectives 47 I Table of contents 3. Human angiostrongyliasis outbreak in Dali, China 49 3.1. Abstract 50 3.2.
    [Show full text]
  • Detection of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Indiana from Insects Collected During the 2020 Outbreak in Kansas, USA
    pathogens Article Detection of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Indiana from Insects Collected during the 2020 Outbreak in Kansas, USA Bethany L. McGregor 1,† , Paula Rozo-Lopez 2,† , Travis M. Davis 1 and Barbara S. Drolet 1,* 1 Arthropod-Borne Animal Diseases Research Unit, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA; [email protected] (B.L.M.); [email protected] (T.M.D.) 2 Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] † These authors contributed equally to this work. Abstract: Vesicular stomatitis (VS) is a reportable viral disease which affects horses, cattle, and pigs in the Americas. Outbreaks of vesicular stomatitis virus New Jersey serotype (VSV-NJ) in the United States typically occur on a 5–10-year cycle, usually affecting western and southwestern states. In 2019–2020, an outbreak of VSV Indiana serotype (VSV-IN) extended eastward into the states of Kansas and Missouri for the first time in several decades, leading to 101 confirmed premises in Kansas and 37 confirmed premises in Missouri. In order to investigate which vector species contributed to the outbreak in Kansas, we conducted insect surveillance at two farms that experienced confirmed VSV-positive cases, one each in Riley County and Franklin County. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention miniature light traps were used to collect biting flies on the premises. Two genera of known VSV vectors, Culicoides biting midges and Simulium black flies, were identified to species, Citation: McGregor, B.L.; Rozo- pooled by species, sex, reproductive status, and collection site, and tested for the presence of VSV- Lopez, P.; Davis, T.M.; Drolet, B.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Culicoides Variipennis and Bluetongue-Virus Epidemiology in the United States1
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln U.S. Department of Agriculture: Agricultural Publications from USDA-ARS / UNL Faculty Research Service, Lincoln, Nebraska 1996 CULICOIDES VARIIPENNIS AND BLUETONGUE-VIRUS EPIDEMIOLOGY IN THE UNITED STATES1 Walter J. Tabachnick Arthropod-Borne Animal Diseases Research Laboratory, USDA, ARS Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usdaarsfacpub Tabachnick, Walter J., "CULICOIDES VARIIPENNIS AND BLUETONGUE-VIRUS EPIDEMIOLOGY IN THE UNITED STATES1" (1996). Publications from USDA-ARS / UNL Faculty. 2218. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usdaarsfacpub/2218 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the U.S. Department of Agriculture: Agricultural Research Service, Lincoln, Nebraska at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Publications from USDA-ARS / UNL Faculty by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. AN~URev. Entomol. 19%. 41:2343 CULICOIDES VARIIPENNIS AND BLUETONGUE-VIRUS EPIDEMIOLOGY IN THE UNITED STATES' Walter J. Tabachnick Arthropod-Borne Animal Diseases Research Laboratory, USDA, ARS, University Station, Laramie, Wyoming 8207 1 KEY WORDS: arbovirus, livestock, vector capacity, vector competence, population genetics ABSTRACT The bluetongue viruses are transmitted to ruminants in North America by Culi- coides vuriipennis. US annual losses of approximately $125 million are due to restrictions on the movement of livestock and germplasm to bluetongue-free countries. Bluetongue is the most economically important arthropod-borne ani- mal disease in the United States. Bluetongue is absent in the northeastern United States because of the inefficient vector ability there of C. variipennis for blue- tongue. The vector of bluetongue virus elsewhere in the United States is C.
    [Show full text]
  • Some Irradiation Studies and Related Biological Data for Culicoides Variipennis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)1
    836 X\NNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA [Vol. 60, No. 4 tory, natural enemies and the poisoned bait spray as a of the Diptera of America North of Mexico. USDA method of control of the imported onion fly (Phorbia Agr. Handbook 276. 1696 p. scpctorum Meade) with notes on other onion pests. Vos de Wilde, B. 1935. Contribution a l'etude des lar- J. Econ. Entomol. 8: 342-50. ves de Dipteres Cyclorraphes, plus specialament des Steyskal, G. C. 1947. The genus Diacrita Gerstaecker larvae d'Anthomyides. (Reference in Hennig 1939, (Diptera, Otitidae). Bull. Brooklyn Entomol. Soc. p. 11.) 41: 149-54. Wahlberg, P. F. 1839. Bidrag till Svenska dipternas 1951. The dipterous fauna of tree trunks. Papers Kannedom. Kungl. Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 1838: Mich. Acad. Sci., Arts, Letters (1949). 35: 121-34. 1-23. 1961. The genera of Platystomatidae and Otitidae Weiss, A. 1912. Sur un diptere du genre Chrysoviyaa known to occur in America north of Mexico (Diptera, nuisable a l'etat de larve a la cultur du dattier dans Acalyptratae). Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 54: 401-10. l'Afrique de Nord. Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique 1962. The American species of the genera Melieria Nord. 4: 68-69. and Pseudotcphritis (Diptera: Otitidae). Papers Weiss, H. B., and B. West. 1920. Fungus insects and Mich. Acad. Sci., Arts, Letters (1961) 47: 247-62. their hosts. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 33: 1-19. 1963. The genus Notogramma Loew (Diptera Acalyp- Wolcott, G. N. 1921. The minor sugar-cane insects of tratae, Otitidae). Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 65: Porto Rico.
    [Show full text]
  • Continuous Cell Lines from the European Biting Midge Culicoides Nubeculosus (Meigen, 1830)
    microorganisms Article Continuous Cell Lines from the European Biting Midge Culicoides nubeculosus (Meigen, 1830) Lesley Bell-Sakyi 1,* , Fauziah Mohd Jaafar 2, Baptiste Monsion 2 , Lisa Luu 1 , Eric Denison 3, Simon Carpenter 3, Houssam Attoui 2 and Peter P. C. Mertens 4 1 Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, 146 Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L3 5RF, UK; [email protected] 2 UMR1161 Virologie, INRAE, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, ANSES, Université Paris-Est, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France; [email protected] (F.M.J.); [email protected] (B.M.); [email protected] (H.A.) 3 The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK; [email protected] (E.D.); [email protected] (S.C.) 4 School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, UK; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 12 May 2020; Accepted: 28 May 2020; Published: 30 May 2020 Abstract: Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) transmit arboviruses of veterinary or medical importance, including bluetongue virus (BTV) and Schmallenberg virus, as well as causing severe irritation to livestock and humans. Arthropod cell lines are essential laboratory research tools for the isolation and propagation of vector-borne pathogens and the investigation of host-vector-pathogen interactions. Here we report the establishment of two continuous cell lines, CNE/LULS44 and CNE/LULS47, from embryos of Culicoides nubeculosus, a midge distributed throughout the Western Palearctic region. Species origin of the cultured cells was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and sequencing of a fragment of the cytochrome oxidase 1 gene, and the absence of bacterial contamination was confirmed by bacterial 16S rRNA PCR.
    [Show full text]
  • UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE Investigations Into the Trans-Seasonal Persistence of Culicoides Sonorensis and Bluetongue Vi
    UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE Investigations into the Trans-Seasonal Persistence of Culicoides sonorensis and Bluetongue Virus A Dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Entomology by Emily Gray McDermott December 2016 Dissertation Committee: Dr. Bradley Mullens, Chairperson Dr. Alec Gerry Dr. Ilhem Messaoudi Copyright by Emily Gray McDermott 2016 ii The Dissertation of Emily Gray McDermott is approved: _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ Committee Chairperson University of California, Riverside iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I of course would like to thank Dr. Bradley Mullens, for his invaluable help and support during my PhD. I am incredibly lucky to have had such a dedicated and supportive mentor. I am truly a better scientist because of him. I would also like to thank my dissertation committee. Drs. Alec Gerry and Ilhem Messaoudi provided excellent feedback during discussions of my research and went above and beyond in their roles as mentors. Dr. Christie Mayo made so much of this work possible, and her incredible work ethic and enthusiasm have been an inspiration to me. Dr. Michael Rust provided me access to his laboratory and microbalance for the work in Chapter 1. My co-authors, Dr. N. James MacLachlan and Mr. Damien Laudier, contributed their skills, guidance, and expertise to the virological and histological work, and Dr. Matt Daugherty gave guidance and advice on the statistics in Chapter 4. All molecular work was completed in Dr. MacLachlan’s laboratory at the University of California, Davis. Jessica Zuccaire and Erin Reilly helped enormously in counting and sorting thousands of midges. The Mullens lab helped me keep my colony alive and my experiments going on more than one occasion.
    [Show full text]
  • Helminths of American Robins, Turdus Migratorius, and House Sparrows, Passer Domesticus
    Helminths of American Robins, Turdus migratorius, and House Sparrows, Passer domesticus (Order: Passeriformes), from Suburban Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A Author(s): Gabriel L. Hamer and Patrick M. Muzzall Source: Comparative Parasitology, 80(2):287-291. 2013. Published By: The Helminthological Society of Washington DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1654/4611.1 URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1654/4611.1 BioOne (www.bioone.org) is a nonprofit, online aggregation of core research in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences. BioOne provides a sustainable online platform for over 170 journals and books published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Web site, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/page/ terms_of_use. Usage of BioOne content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non-commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. BioOne sees sustainable scholarly publishing as an inherently collaborative enterprise connecting authors, nonprofit publishers, academic institutions, research libraries, and research funders in the common goal of maximizing access to critical research. Comp. Parasitol. 80(2), 2013, pp. 287–291 Research Note Helminths of American Robins, Turdus migratorius, and House Sparrows, Passer domesticus (Order: Passeriformes), from Suburban Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A. 1,3 2,4 GABRIEL L. HAMER AND PATRICK M. MUZZALL 1 Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, U.S.A. (e-mail: [email protected]) and 2 Department of Zoology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, U.S.A.
    [Show full text]
  • Identificación De Culicoides Spp. Como Vectores Del Virus Lengua Azul En Áreas De Ovinos Seropositivos De Pucallpa, Ucayali
    UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL MAYOR DE SAN MARCOS FACULTAD DE MEDICINA VETERINARIA UNIDAD DE POSGRADO Identificación de Culicoides spp. como vectores del virus Lengua Azul en áreas de ovinos seropositivos de Pucallpa, Ucayali TESIS Para optar el Grado Académico de Magíster en Ciencias Veterinarias con mención en Salud Animal AUTOR Dennis Alexander NAVARRO MAMANI ASESOR Hermelinda RIVERA GERÓNIMO Lima – Perú 2017 DEDICATORIA Dedicó este trabajo a mi madre, Maria, que con su demostración de una madre ejemplar me ha enseñado a no desfallecer ni rendirme ante nada y siempre perseverar. A mi asesora la Dra. Hermelinda Rivera por su valiosa guía y asesoramiento, quien con su ejemplo me ha mostrado la dedicación y pasión por el trabajo que uno realiza AGRADECIMIENTOS En primer lugar, al Laboratorio de Microbiología y Parasitología, Sección Virología de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, lugar donde se ejecutó y planificó el presente trabajo. En sentido especial, a la Mg. MV. Hermelinda Rivera Gerónimo, quien me asesoró en la ejecución de este trabajo de investigación. Al Instituto Veterinario de Investigaciones tropicales y de Altura Pucallpa (IVITA- PUCALLPA), donde se realizó la colecta de los insectos capturados. En sentido especial, al Mg. MV. Juan Alexander Rondon Espinoza, quien me contacto con las granjas y coordinó los muestreos. Al Mg. Blgo. Abraham Germán Cáceres Lázaro, quien brindo su gentil colaboración en el diseño del proyecto y en la identificación de especies de Culicoides spp. capturados al igual que el Instituto de Ecología A.C (INECOL), Xalapa, Veracruz-México. Lugar donde realicé una estancia para la capacitación en sistematización de Culicoides spp.
    [Show full text]
  • Adolpho Lutz Obra Completa Sumário – Índices Contents – Indexes
    Adolpho Lutz Obra Completa Sumário – Índices Contents – Indexes Jaime L. Benchimol Magali Romero Sá (eds. and orgs.) SciELO Books / SciELO Livros / SciELO Libros BENCHIMOL, JL., and SÁ, MR., eds. and orgs. Adolpho Lutz : Sumário – Índices = Contents – Indexes [online]. Rio de Janeiro: Editora FIOCRUZ, 2006. 292 p. Adolpho Lutz Obra Completa, v.2, Suplement. ISBN 85-7541-101-2. Available from SciELO Books < http://books.scielo.org >. All the contents of this chapter, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported. Todo o conteúdo deste capítulo, exceto quando houver ressalva, é publicado sob a licença Creative Commons Atribuição - Uso Não Comercial - Partilha nos Mesmos Termos 3.0 Não adaptada. Todo el contenido de este capítulo, excepto donde se indique lo contrario, está bajo licencia de la licencia Creative Commons Reconocimento-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 3.0 Unported. SUMÁRIO – ÍNDICES 1 ADOLPHO OBRALutz COMPLETA 2 ADOLPHO LUTZ — OBRA COMPLETA z Vol. 2 — Suplemento Presidente Paulo Marchiori Buss Apoios: Vice-Presidente de Ensino, Informação e Comunicação Maria do Carmo Leal Instituto Adolfo Lutz Diretor Carlos Adalberto de Camargo Sannazzaro Divisão de Serviços Básicos Áquila Maria Lourenço Gomes Diretora Maria do Carmo Leal Conselho Editorial Carlos Everaldo Álvares Coimbra Junior Gerson Oliveira Penna Gilberto Hochman Diretor Ligia Vieira da Silva Sérgio Alex K. Azevedo Maria Cecília de Souza Minayo Maria Elizabeth Lopes Moreira Seção de Memória e Arquivo Pedro Lagerblad de Oliveira Maria José Veloso da Costa Santos Ricardo Lourenço de Oliveira Editores Científicos Nísia Trindade Lima Ricardo Ventura Santos Coordenador Executivo João Carlos Canossa Mendes Diretora Nara Azevedo Vice-Diretores Paulo Roberto Elian dos Santos Marcos José de Araújo Pinheiro SUMÁRIO – ÍNDICES 3 ADOLPHO OBRALutz COMPLETA VOLUME 2 Suplemento Sumário – Índices Contents – Indexes Edição e Organização Jaime L.
    [Show full text]