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Universal Egoism in Ethics DISSERTATION Submitted in Partial Satisfaction of the Requirements for the Degree Of
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, IRVINE Get Over Your Self: Universal Egoism in Ethics DISSERTATION submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in Philosophy by Louise Marie Kleszyk Dissertation Committee: Professor Martin Schwab, Chair Professor David W. Smith, Chair, Professor Aaron James. 2015 © 2015 Louise Marie Kleszyk DEDICATION To all the others-- the ones I recognize and the ones I am learning to recognize. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS iv CURRICULUM VITAE v ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION vi INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER 1: Resources of the Phenomenological-existential Tradition 20 CHAPTER 2: Identity Arguments and Their Limits 72 CHAPTER 3: Alterity Arguments and their Limits 88 CONCLUSION: The Death of Ethics 116 BIBLIOGRAPHY 120 iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I express thanks to Martin Schwab for allowing me wide breadth with my dissertation topic and research. His openness and receptivity have allowed me to pursue a dissertation that has challenged me as much as it has been a process of challenging the traditional discourses in Western Ethics. Additionally, I express appreciation to David W. Smith, whose willingness to recognize commonality with others is an inspiration in a field where so many focus only on difference. Thank you also to Aaron James. His rigor and attention help to bring order and clarity to a radically different and obscured approach to philosophy. iv CURRICULUM VITAE Louise Marie Kleszyk 2010- 2015 University of California, Irvine. Ph.D. program in Department of Philosophy, 2007-2010 University of California, Irvine. M.A. in Philosophy. 2002-2006 Hamline University. B.A. in Philosophy w/ Certificate of Proficiency in German. -
A Study of the Biblical Worldview of K-12 Christian School Educators
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Liberty University Digital Commons A STUDY OF THE BIBLICAL WORLDVIEW OF K-12 CHRISTIAN SCHOOL EDUCATORS A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the School of Education Liberty University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Education by Mark Kelly Wood October 2008 ii A Study of the Biblical Worldview of K-12 Christian School Educators by Mark Kelly Wood APPROVED: COMMITTEE CHAIR Ellen Lowrie Black, Ed.D. COMMITTEE MEMBERS Matthew Towles, Ph.D. Kenneth G. Townsend, Ed.D. CHAIR, GRADUATE STUDIES Scott B. Watson, Ph.D. iii Dedication This study is dedicated to my wife, Janet Fay. Twenty-nine years have come and gone and my love for you has grown each day...each year. I enjoy being with you and want to be with no one more than you. I love our kids, God’s greatest gift to us as a couple, but they can’t hold a candle to your companionship. Even on our worst days—and we both have them—God’s amazing grace keeps us knit tight and weathers the storm. Thank you for saying “yes” 29 years ago, and for the many sunny and occasional rainy days we’ve had and, Lord willing, have yet to come! I love you Janet Fay! iv Acknowledgements The first acknowledgement must always be heavenward, giving thanks to God the Father, Christ the Son and Mediator, and the Holy Spirit who encourages and enlightens. God’s placing me on sabbatical, giving me a time of in-depth study and reflection, even breaking three bones in my ankle so I would sit still and study, all coupled with His assignment of the topic of biblical Christian worldview, was the next best thing to sending me to seminary. -
021 Existentialism-Sartre.Doc READINGS: EXISTENTIALISM
021_Existentialism-Sartre.doc READINGS: EXISTENTIALISM (SARTRE) Thomas Mann, Doktor Faustus Primo Levi, The Drowned and the Saved Jean-Paul Sartre, Existentialism Simone de Beauvoir, The Second Sex Schoenberg, Survivor of Warsaw Selections from Thomas Mann, Doktor Faustus According to Schleppfuss all this -- evil, the Evil One himself -- was a necessary emanation and inevitable accompaniment of the Holy Existence of God, so that vice did not consist in itself but got its satisfaction from the defilement of virtue, without which it would have been rootless; in other words, it consisted in the enjoyment of freedom, the possibility of sinning, which was inherent in the act of creation itself. Herein was expressed a certain logical incompleteness of the All-powerfulness and All-goodness of God; for what He had not been able to do was to produce in the creature, in that which he had liberated out of Himself and which was now outside Him, the incapacity for sin. That would have meant denying to the created being the free will to turn away from God -- which would have been an incomplete creation, yes, positively not a creation at all, but a surrender on the part of God.... Evil contributed to the wholeness of the universe, without it the universe would not have been complete; therefor God permitted it.... St. Augustine, at least, had gone so far as to say that the function of the bad was to make the good stand out more strongly... We wrote that down in our notebooks, that we might go home more or less cheered. The real vindication of God, in view of the pains of creation, so we added to Schleppfuss’s dictation, consisted in His power to bring good out of evil…. -
The Bible, in the Area of Nature and History, Is Full of Mistakes, This Does Not Matter
IVP CLASSICS Escape from Reason Frances A. Schaeffer Clabon Bogan Jr 609.230.5809 [email protected] IVP CLASSICS Escape from Reason Frances A. Schaeffer Clabon Bogan Jr 609.230.5809 [email protected] ESCAPE FROM REASON In Chapter 4, Schaeffer lifts up the idea that because of the inevitable drawing of this” line of despair,” man as man is dead. The “line of despair” was Schaeffer’s way of addressing the loss of antithesis in American culture led to giving up all hope of achieving a rational unified answer to knowledge and life. He believed that we simply have mathematics, particulars, and mechanics by which man has no meaning, purpose, nor significance. • Thus, he considered the works of men like Sartre and Camus, Jaspers, Heidegger, and Huxley as anti-philosophies. • He even denounces Kierkegaard and Tillich with their “leap theologies,” which attempt to keep religion weighed down with the non-rationality and anti- philosophies below the line of despair. ESCAPE FROM REASON Schaeffer outlines what he believes the various steps leading below the line of despair, beginning with the German philosopher, Georg William Friedrich Hegel (1770-1831) who became the first man to open the door into the line of despair. Hegel taught, that philosophically we have a thesis, and an opposite antithesis, whose relationship deviated from the horizontal movement of cause and effect and became a synthesis through dialectical thinking. Dialectical thinking is a form of analytical reasoning that pursues knowledge and truth as long as there are questions and conflicts. The most modern uses of the dialectical paradigm are through the "Socratic Method," which sometimes can be essentially abused. -
Finding Parallels Between Jain
FINDING PARALLELS BETWEEN JAIN PHILOSOPHY AND SARTREAN EXISTENTIALISM: RECOGNISING THE RICHNESS OF ANCIENT SOUTH ASIAN RELIGIOUS PHILOSOPHY AGAINST DEVELOPMENTS IN CONTINENTAL PHILOSOPHY by JAHNAVI KOTHARI PROFESSOR ANDREW AISENBERG PROFESSOR DANIEL MICHON SUBMITTED TO SCRIPPS COLLEGE IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF ARTS IN HUMANITIES: INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIES IN CULTURE AND RELIGIOUS STUDIES APRIL 26, 2019 Acknowledgements I would like to extend my immense gratitude to my thesis readers: Professor Aisenberg and Professor Michon. Professor Michon, thanks to your Hinduism course in my first semester of college, I decided to be a Religious Studies Major. Since then, my academic interests have always revolved around the intersection of culture and religious philosophy. And of course, a big thank you for all your help with citation and all things related to formatting. Professor Aisenberg, thank you for your course on the History and Philosophy of Culture. Through that, I became interested in finding connections between Western scholarship and South Asian religious philosophies. I could not have asked for a more supportive and caring academic adviser (I’m going to miss our never-ending conversations about Paris). While I was initially intimidated by the ambitious nature of my thesis, the mentorship, guidance and encouragement of my readers helped me channel my ideas constructively. I would like to thank my former academic adviser Professor Marina Pérez de Mendiola. Although I never had the privilege of taking a class with you, thank you for adopting me as one of the many advisees lucky to have been nurtured by your mentorship. My time at Scripps would be incomplete without our early morning meetings, which evolved into conversations in French over the years, where you always encouraged my academic pursuits and fostered an interest in post-colonial and cultural theory. -
SHAKESPEARE's EXISTENTIALISM CHARLOTTE KEYS Royal
SHAKESPEARE’S EXISTENTIALISM CHARLOTTE KEYS Royal Holloway, University of London PhD Thesis DECLARATION OF ACADEMIC INTEGRITY I hereby declare that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Charlotte Keys 2 ABSTRACT This thesis undertakes a fundamental reappraisal of Shakespeare's existentialism. The drama of Shakespeare and existentialist philosophy, I contend, are equally fascinated by issues such as inwardness, authenticity, freedom, and self-becoming. In recent years, Shakespearean criticism has shied away from these fundamental existentialist concerns reflected in his drama, preferring to investigate the historical and cultural conditioning of human subjectivity. However, as this thesis argues, a failure to acknowledge and address the existential problems and intensities at the heart of Shakespeare’s plays prevents a full appreciation of both the philosophical and the theatrical dimensions of his drama. This thesis treats Shakespeare as existentialism’s prolific precursor, as a writer who experimented with existentialist ideas in his own distinctive theatrical and poetic terms long before they were fully developed in the philosophical and literary terms of the twentieth century. The introductory chapter of this thesis provides a preliminary sketch of existentialist thought and surveys the influence of existentialism on readings of Shakespeare. This paves the way for the second chapter, which offers a historical account of the inception of existentialist thought in the early modern period. By identifying existentialist concerns and ideas in the work of writers such as Montaigne, Pico, Raleigh, Bacon, Donne and others, I argue that an embryonic form of existentialism was beginning to emerge in the literary, philosophical and religious discourses of the Renaissance. -
Non-Christian Worldviews
NON-CHRISTIAN WORLDVIEWS Presenting the Christian worldview in a thorough and attractive way is, in itself, a powerful apologetic for the Christian faith. The coherency and explanatory power and scope of the Christian worldview speaks for itself, because it explains everything we see and experience in this world. When we compare the Christian worldview to other competing worldviews, its strength is evident. We see that the Christian worldview is more consistent and coherent than these other worldviews. It is also more existentially viable—more livable—than these other worldviews. DEISM The first non-Christian worldview we will examine is deism. This may not seem like a current worldview, although I would content it is, even if it is not called deism by name. Deism became more prevalent in the Age of Enlightenment, particularly in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. It seems to have arisen, at least in part, because of two trends: endless disputes over arcane theological points and increased scientific inquiry. The premodern era came before the Age of Enlightenment. Premoderns believed objective truth was found in God and his divine revelation. They were neither unintelligent nor ignorant of all science and mathematics. Very intelligent and educated people lived in this era. But they had a humility with regard to how much human beings could know part from God. The Age of Enlightenment, by contrast, was the birth of the modern era. Moderns believed (and still believe) that objective truth can be acquired through human reasoning and scientific inquiry. Ironically, Christians were the ones who helped advance science and reason. -
A Critical Analysis of Jean Paul Sartre's Existential Humanism with Particular Emphasis Upon His Concept of Freedom and Its Moral Implications
University of Windsor Scholarship at UWindsor Electronic Theses and Dissertations Theses, Dissertations, and Major Papers 1-1-1963 A critical analysis of Jean Paul Sartre's existential humanism with particular emphasis upon his concept of freedom and its moral implications. Joseph P. Leddy University of Windsor Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd Recommended Citation Leddy, Joseph P., "A critical analysis of Jean Paul Sartre's existential humanism with particular emphasis upon his concept of freedom and its moral implications." (1963). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 6331. https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/6331 This online database contains the full-text of PhD dissertations and Masters’ theses of University of Windsor students from 1954 forward. These documents are made available for personal study and research purposes only, in accordance with the Canadian Copyright Act and the Creative Commons license—CC BY-NC-ND (Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivative Works). Under this license, works must always be attributed to the copyright holder (original author), cannot be used for any commercial purposes, and may not be altered. Any other use would require the permission of the copyright holder. Students may inquire about withdrawing their dissertation and/or thesis from this database. For additional inquiries, please contact the repository administrator via email ([email protected]) or by telephone at 519-253-3000ext. 3208. A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF JEAN PAUL SARTRE'S EXISTENTIAL HUMANISM WITH PARTICULAR EMPHASIS UPON HIS CONCEPT OF FREEDOM AND ITS MORAL IMPLICATIONS A THESIS Submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies through the Department of Philosophy in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts at Assumption University of Windsor by JOSEPH P. -
Curtailed/Reduced Syllabus of MA, Philosophy (Semester I, II, III and IV)
Curtailed/Reduced Syllabus of MA, Philosophy (Semester I, II, III and IV) (Prepared in accordance with the Notification Nos. o5/R/591/2020, dated 07-10-2020 and o5/R/592/2020, dated 07-10-2020) Only for the Academic Year 2020 – 2021 DEPARTMENT OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF ALLAHABAD, PRAYAGRAJ Reduced Syllabus of MA, Philosophy, 2020-21 List of Papers and respective Teachers in MA, Philosophy, Semester-wise Semester I S.N. Paper Code and Title Name of the Teacher 1 PHI - 501: Classical Indian Philosophy – I Dr SK Maharana 2 PHI – 502: Classical Western Philosophy Prof. Gopal Sahu 3 PHI – 503: Modern Western Philosophy – I Prof. HS Upadhyaya 4 PHI – 551: Philosophy of Religion (Elective) Prof. Rishi Kant Pandey 5 PHI - 552: Philosophy of Buddhism (Elective) Dr. Bhima Kumar 6 PHI – 553: Advanced Normative Ethics and Virtue Ethics (Elective) Prof Debashis Guha Semester II 1 PHI – 511: Classical Indian Philosophy – II Dr Bhima Kumar 2 PHI – 512: Modern Western Philosophy – II Prof. HS Upadhyaya 3 PHI – 513: Phenomenology and Existentialism Dr SK Maharana 4 PHI – 561: Contemporary Religious Problems (Elective) Prof. RK Pandey 5 PHI – 562: Philosophy of Mind (Elective) Prof Gopal Sahu 6 PHI – 563: Environmental Ethics (Elective) Prof Debashis Guha Semester III 1 PHI – 601: Analytical Philosophy Prof. RK Pandey 2 PHI – 602: Contemporary Indian Philosophy Dr Bhima Kumar 3 PHI – 603: Advanced Meta-ethics Prof. Debashis Guha 4 PHI – 651: Philosophy of Samkara (Elective) Dr SK Maharana 5 PHI – 652: Philosophy of Immanuel Kant (Elective) Prof HS Upadhyaya Semester IV 1 PHI 611: Ordinary Language Philosophy Prof. -
Existentialism in the Works of Salvador Dali Grace Rochfort
Rochfort: Distorted Realities Distorted Realities: Existentialism in the Works of Salvador Dali Grace Rochfort Philosophers have many ideas about one’s freedom to choose and how the process of making these choices affects a person’s freedom. Existentialists believe that it is solely up to the individual, that a person has complete liberty to become who he or she wants to be, and that there is no model to which to conform. The Surrealist painter Salvador Dali incorporates the concept of existentialism in some of his works. In the paintings The Persistence of Memory, 1931, and Accommodations of Desire, 1929, Dali demonstrates his refusal to conform to an ideal and refers to his paranoiac-critical theory. These existential ideas are directly related to the ideas that Jean- Paul Sartre expresses in his essay, “Existentialism.” Over time, existentialism has come to mean different things as it has become a popular term which is used broadly. In its stricter definition, however, existentialism is limited to two types: Christian and atheistic. Both have in common the belief that “existence precedes essence” or that subjectivity is the point of departure. Existentialism emphasizes the uniqueness and isolation of individual experience. An individual is at first nothing; he makes himself what he wants to be. There is no norm to which to conform; a person is free and responsible for herself. Along with this responsibility, each person is accountable to all of mankind. Our choices create an image of what an individual should be, affirming our values, thereby affecting all people. Sartre expresses this view in his statement, “In choosing myself, I choose man” (89). -
I Want to Live Again: an Existential Analysis of It's a Wonderful Life
I Want to Live Again: an Existential Analysis of It’s a Wonderful Life Joshua J. Gleim, McNair Scholar The Penn State University McNair Faculty Research Advisor: Shannon Sullivan, Ph.D Professor of Philosophy, Women's Studies, and African American Studies Head of the Department of Philosophy College of the Liberal Arts The Penn State University Abstract This paper focuses on the existential aspects of the film It’s a Wonderful Life. Drawing on Jean Paul Sartre’s atheistic existentialist perspective, this project investigates the intersections between film and modern philosophy. The film features philosophical ideas from existentialist writings such as Friedrich Nietzsche’s Thus Spoke Zarathustra and The Gay Science. Through comparative analysis, this research assesses what types of phenomena cause individuals to turn back to the same conditions that caused them to turn away. Introduction Every Christmas season in the past several decades, Frank Capra’s classic holiday film It’s a Wonderful Life airs on major cable television stations all over the world. Each year, many Americans watch this film and are filled with that warm ‘fuzzy’ feeling that is festively compared to a hot cup of cocoa during the winter months. I would suggest that this film is more than just a holiday tradition; it is a piece of fiction that has a unique interaction with philosophy, specifically existentialism. Philosophically, the plethora of questions, thought provoking ideals, and premises raise a unique puzzle to analyze. The film features conflicts such as free will vs. determinism, being human vs. being automated, as well as universal issues such as suicide, happiness, love, and so on. -
Godless Human Philosophy: Truth According to Man
Chapter One Godless Human Philosophy: Truth According to Man “The desire of power in excess caused the angels to fall; the desire of knowledge in excess caused man to fall.” Francis Bacon, Advancement of Learning, 1605 Man’s Futile Search for Wisdom and Truth The origin of the word “philosophy” comes from the combination of the Greek words philos, which means love, and sophia, which means wisdom. The meaning of the word philosophy, therefore, is a “love of wisdom.” As sentient creatures made in the image and likeness of God, human beings have an inborn urge to know and understand the truth. No other creatures have this desire for wisdom and knowledge. That’s what separates us from the brutes. Merely surviving from day to day like the animals do is not enough for mankind, for we cannot live in peace with ourselves if we don’t ponder where we come from and where we’re going when we die. God recognizes this inborn desire we have, for he was the one who gave it to us in the first place, and has revealed himself to us in order that we may know the truth, and love him and seek him out, and ultimately be reunited to him when we die. As we have discovered from the modern sciences of archaeology, anthropology, and paleontology, the whole of human history has been a never-ending search for the truth about our creator. Primitive savages once believed that the heavenly bodies and the natural forces and elements of the earth were gods and therefore worshipped such things as the moon, the sun, the planets, earth, wind, fire, rain, crops, animals, insects, and many other things that exist in the natural realm.