T extile Machinery Exhibits at 1969 Tokyo International Trade F air

April 17-May 6, 1969

Latest products from Japan and 22 other countries were on show at the Tokyo International Trade Fair'69 held at Harumi, Tokyo. One would have expected displays of numerous new machines designed to help the textile industry to cope with the labor shortage and rising cost. Actually, new textile machines on display were very limited in number and variety.

Exhibits & Exhibitors

Conversion of Fibers into Finished (Spinning Machinery) (1) High-speed Comber, Model MFC-4 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd., Hirosh ima (2) Super Drafter, Model PD III 3 Okuma Machinery Works, Ltd., Nagoya (Texturing Machines) (3) Fuji-Loft FL-84 Fuji Light Machinery Co., Ltd., Fuji- Yoshida (4) ST-6 Type False Twister Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd., Hiroshima II. Conversion of Yarns into Fabrics (Knitting Machines) (1) Full-Automatic Flat Knitting Machine Type MJF-183 Mitsuboshi Seisakusho Ltd., Tokyo (2) Automatic Flat Knitting Machine Type MA-7 ...... Mitsuboshi Seisakusho Ltd., Tokyo III. Dyeing and Finishing (1) Splashed Dyeing Machine ...... Sawamura Kagaku Kikai Kogyo Co., Ltd., Yokohama (2) V2 Washer Hirano Kinzoku Co., Ltd., Osaka IV. Manufacture and Maintenance of for End Uses ( Machines) (1) High-speed, single-needle lock with automatic cutter, Model DD-L 555-2 ...., Tokyo Juki Industrial Co., Ltd., Tokyo. (2) High-speed, single-needle lock stitch sweing machine with automatic thread cutter, Model DB-2-B755-100 ., , Ltd., Nagoya (3) Super high-speed two-needle sewing machine DV-1200 Yamato Sewing Machine Mfg. Co., Ltd., Toyonaka-shi, Osaka. (4) Ultra-sonic Welding Holder JUS-1 Tokyo Juki Industrial Co., Ltd., Tokyo. (5) Single-needle, lock stitch bar-tacking machine, Model LK3-B827 Brother Industries, Ltd., Nagoya V. Testing and Measurment (1) Cycle Changer and High-cycle Induction Motor Kosoku Electric Co., Ltd., Tokyo (2) Automatic Recording Titrator Hirama Rika Kenkujo, Ltd., Kawasaki-shi.

Vol. 15, No. 4 (1969) 141 I. Conversion of Fibers into Finished Yarns (Spinning Machinery) Further progress of the Japanese spinning industry, which has reached a high level of fiber-processing tech- nique, depends upon the developments of new spinning methods and improvements in the existing ones with a view to high speed and automation of processes. It was disappointing, therefore, to find only two machines on view. They were, however, designed exactly for high speed, labor-saving, high efficiency and easy operation. (1) High-Speed Camber, Model MFC-4 (Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd., Hiroshima) Fig. 2 Driving mechanism of detaching roller This machine basically resembles previous models, MFC-1 and MFC-3. Its features include a special device 3. A new type of cleaner is used. It is driven by the to overcome the problems arising from high-speed ope- relative motions of the nip and top comb. It has cleaning ration (see Fig. 1). This machine is capable of speeds up- plates on both sides of the top comb to clean it. to 185 nips/min and can take worsted, jute and synthetic 4. Time table (Fig. 3) fibers. A disk table on the cam shaft indicates clearly the timing of the adjustments of various parts: top comb feed, space gauge, circular brush, cylinder comb, and doffer gauge.

Fig. 1 High-Speed Comber, Model MFC-1

Main specifications : Working width, 490mm; Number of nips, 185 nips/min; Adjustable range of space gauge, Fig. 3 Time table 20-30mm; Amount of feeding, 300g/min (standard); Sliver delivery speed, about 12m/min for delivery of 20g (2) Super Drafter, Model PDIII 2 CW and Can Changer /min); Output, 15kg/hr or more of merino wool or 17kg/hr (Okuma Machinery Works, Ltd., Nagoya) or more of mixed breed; Floor space needed, ball creel This drafter is a 6-delivery, high-speed intersecting gill, (8 balls x 3 stairs),..about 1.9 ii x about 3.9m, cans creel designed to take long staple fibers, wool and synthetic (cans dia. 4060 x 12W)...about 1.9m x about 3.4m, lap (see Fig. 4). Its 72 fallers, intended as a last unit of the creel (3-lap horizontal arrangement).. about 1.9m x about gilling process in prespinning, can process slivers as fine as 3.8m, and weight, about 2,000kg. 1.0 - 3.0 g/m. The drafter is capable of draft 5 - 12 times 1. The driving mechanism of the detaching roller is higher than the conventional draft. Its special false a unique one having planetary gears. With the aid of these twister facilitates sliver-collecting and does away with the gears, the of slivers spun can be freely varied during diffiicultly of collecting fine slivers from the front rollers operation. In short, the machine can run at high speed, into the can with the aid of a coiler alone. The false twist- feeds slivers uniformly, and reduces power consumption, ing device differs from the conventional rubbing system, vibrations and noise. is simple in mechanism and needs no maintenance. 2. Coiler unit. This machine can substitute the reducer and open gill Large cans (610 mm in out. dia. x 914 in height) can be and, therefore, do away with one process. Not only that, used on this unit. It is equipped with an indicator to slivers can be fed to the bobbiner from the can creel, not indicate the grain of spun slivers and facilitate sliver grain from the ball creel. In this case, the total amount of control. doubling is 10,240. With can changers installed on the

142 Journal of The Textile Machinery Society of Japan Fig. 4 Super draftiner, Model PDIII 3CW

Fig. 6 Flow diagram of the changer

cases and accouts for 80 % of the total production of arti- ficial yarns. The technique in this type of twisting has reached a high stage of development, but poses calling for further study, such as : (1) Reduction of costs through upping productivity, e.q., development of high-speed spindle bearings, a larger package system, an auto doffer and improvement in other Fig. 5 False twister of the super drafter parts of operation. (2) Improvement of quality of products, e.g., improve- entire frame (we shall describe this phase later), manpower ment of twisting mechanism looking to higher heat-setting is saved by 5O0. efficiency, prevention of soiling in the interior of heaters Main specifications: Fed slivers (g/m), 60-130; Spun and higher accuracy in spindle rotations. slivers (g/m x number of slivers), (1-3) x 6; Spinning (3) Development of artificial yarns suited for final pur- speed (m/min), 80-120 (150); Draft, 5-9 (12); Number of poses and development of techniques to turn out market- fallers, 72; Number of faller drops, 1,600 - 2,200 min; able products. Front roller, triple type 70, 25.4/63.5; Nip gauge, 20-60; Probably because yarns twisted by false twisters are Speed meter, attached; Auto counter, attached; Winding the most versatile of all twisted yarns, exhibits of twisting type, bi-coiler type 3-can winding; Can dimension, `4060 x machines at past fairs were practically limited to false 900 - 1,300h; Can dimension, 406, 610, 900, 10000 x twisters. Exhibits of twisters at the recent fair were limited 900 - 1,300h; Automatic stop motions throughout the to false twisters entered by Fuji Light Machinery and drafter; Main motor, 2.2kW 6p. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries. 3-can can changer Engineers are now working to develop new methods, This drafter is equipped with a 3-can can changer (Fig.6). called "Duotwist" and "Auto Twister," in which several When cans become full, the changer stops automatically threads will be twisted together and heated in the heating by means of a signal from the auto-counter and 3 full unit, so that the twist will be set and the drawn out cans move forward. After slivers are from under the without the revolution of the spindle. It is expected the coiler, spare empty cans go to pre-determined places under new methods will make their debut at the next fair. the coiler. New cans are sent in the direction of the arrow (3) Fuji-Loft FL-84 (Fuji Light Machinery Co., Ltd., to serve as spare cans. The length of time for which the Fujiyoshida) machine stops for all this can-changing is only about 25 This machine, which the makers call "electronic twister," seconds. (By Jiro Shimizu, Tokyo Institute of Technologh) has four transistors and two SCRs per spindle for auto- (Texturing Machines) matic control of temperature, etc. to insure stable direct Artificial yarns are now produced by nearly 10 different twisting. It excels in fine-yarn processing and can twist, methods, including false-twisting, push-in, chafing, etc. for instance, 20-d nylon yarn at the amazing speed of 500 False-twisting is employed in an overwhelming majority of meters per minute (equivalent to a twisting speed of 3,200,000 rpm). This machine is an improvement on the An oil-feeding pot is kept in the spindle case to lengthen model shown at the 1967 Tokyo International Trade Fair. the oiling cycle. With the overdrive of the spindle and the The major points of the improvement: increase in heater capacity, the delivery speed can be raised The motor power has been increased from 120 W to 140 to 120 meters per minute. An improvement has been made W to give a take-up speed of 500 m/min. The reeling unit in the shape of traverse cam so that the increased traverse is now equipped with a touch roller to prevent ribbon speed and the high-speed winding can be matched. The winding; and a special bunch winding mechanism. heater is 900 mm, as long as the heater for ST-5, but the cooling zone is slightly longer than. (4) ST-6 Type False Twister (Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Facility of operation is made possible by improved Ltd., Hiroshima) ST-6 Type is an improved version of ST-5 shown at the mechanisms, including a forced automatic oiling system at the gear end, and an oil receptacle under the heater; an 1965 and 1968 International Trade Fairs and of which nearly 400 units have been sold. Speed and facility of improvement in quality; a high-speed belt; etc. Fig.8 shows the spindle unit of type ST-6. Specifications operation are major points of the improvement. As shown in Fig. 7, the spindle is driven by a mono- of the ST-5 and ST-6 are compared in Table 3. roller overdrive system at a maximum speed of 400,000 (By Kenzi Fukuda, The Textile Research Institute of rpm (with 1.5 % accuracy). To maintain the high-speed Japanese Government, Yokohama) revolutions of the spindle, a special plain bearing is used.

Fig. 8 S iidle and de iiery parts on ST-6 Type Fig. 7 Mono-roller overdrive system of ST-6 False T s ister Table Specifications of ST-5 and ST-6

144 Journal of The Textile Macni;very Society of Japan II. Conversion of Yarns into Fabrics (2) Automatic Flat Knitting Machine Type MA-7 (Mitsu- (Knitting Machines) boshi Seisakusho Ltd. Tokyo) The exhibits of knitting machines, braiding machines This machine is an inprovement on Type MA-6. Its and others, e.g., as Mali-machines, were featureless. No carriage, equipped with a belt drive system, is designed to circular knitting machines (including hose machines) and work at a uniform speed. Left and right end stopping, no warp knitting machines were on view. In all, the ex- racking and 4-color interchanging are made possible by hibits were only 7 types of flat knitting machines, one type chain control. of cotton machine for fully fashioned outwear, one thread layer sewing-knitting machine (trademark "Malimo") and one stitch-knitting machine (trademark "Araloop"). The machines exhibited by Japanese manufacturers were all flat knitting machines incorporating improvements aimed mainly at automatization of process and versatility of products.

(1) Full-Automatic Flat Knitting Machine Type MJF-183 (Mitsuboshi Seisakusho Ltd. Tokyo) This machine is understood to have been designed for full automatic knitting of all patterns which can be pro- duced by machine. It uses a doubled cam system, Jacquard apparatus and a transfer device. It can do a very wide variety of knitting, e.g., Jacquard pattern, transfer pattern, cable stitch, purl stitch, Milano-rib, etc. This machine also uses a hydraulic racking device, which enables racking stitch by 1/2 to 6 steps. Fig. 10 Automatic Flat Knitting Machine, Type MA-7

(By Noboru Aisaka, The Textile Research Institute of Japanese Government, Yokohama)

Ill, Dyeing anal Finishing Only two manufacturers exhibited two types of ma- chines. A new development expected in textile processing is a full automation system by computer which eliminates Fig. 9 Full-Automatic Flat Knitting Machine small-scale production of many kinds. Computer color Type zvIJF-183 matching has not been popularized in Japan because of the

Table 1 Flat Knitting Machines Sent by Japanese Manufacturer

i'ol. 15. No. 4 (1969) 145 peculiar situation in our dyestuff industry. Dyeing and (2) V2-Washer (Hirano Kinzoku Co., Ltd. Yao-shi Osaka) finishing with the use of organic solvents will also be deve- loped, although some problems remain to be solved. While easy-care finishing, i.e., durable press, soil-release finishing, etc., will be developed steadily, combination process, e.g., simultaneous dyeing and finishing, will also gradually increase. Research in textile finishing must be conducted with attention paid to both chemical and mechanical engineer- ing. Automation, speed-up, continuation or improvements of textile process need mechanical engineering. However, it will be new developments in chemical engineering which will bring about a real advancement in textile-finishing. Textile dyers and finishers, too, should conduct research aggressively into their own problems and be prepared to benefit from these expected new developments. Fig, 12 V2 Washer

(1) Splashed Pattern Dyeing Machine (Sawamura Kagaku Kikai Kogyo Co., Ltd. Yokohama) This is a new type of washer for fabrics after dyeing and resin finishing or for their desizing and scouring. A tur- bulent flow of washing solution is given uniformly and con- tinuously across the entire width of a fabric almost at the right angle to the travelling direction of the fabric. As the name "V2-Washer" (variable velocity) inplies, it can, with the aid of a speed variator, easily vary the flow rate of a washing solution to be sprayed on a fabric. This permits treatment best suited to the properties (strength, thickness, etc.) of a fabric. The injection angle of a washing solution can be easily varied to permit the tension control of fabrics. Pilot plant tests of this washer for comparison with a conventional roller-type open soaper show that one tank of the V2-Washer is equal to two or three of the open soaper. The most efficient washing by V2-Washer, how- ever, is obtainable by the combining it with the conven- tional open soaper. (By Zenzo Morita, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo)

Fig. 11 Splashed Pattern Dyeing Machine IV. Manufacture and Maintenance of Textiles for End Uses The high-rate economic growth in Japan has spawned This is an automated machine run by the so-called the acute problem of labor shortage, among numerous natural-falling sponge ring method. When yarn hanks others. The Japanese sewing industry is plagued by a carried on a rope-type conveyor, which can rotate clock- particularly serious labor shortage. Labor-saving is an wise and counter-clockwise, pass between rolls which pro- unavoidable need for it. Yet consumers demand wider and duce splashed patterns by a special pressure rubber ring, wider variety of designs and sizes. some shades of dye solution are poured on the hanks to Clearly, then, there is an urgent need to modernize dye a splashed pattern. Dyeing from 10 to 80 mm is sewing machines. Modernization efforts, it seems, will be possible by adjusting the intervals or by changing pressure centered largely around (1) speed up, (2) specialization, rings. (3) automation and (4) production of multi-head sewing Simultaneous dyeing in six colors and 18 lines is possible. machines. Dyeing in a maximum of 48 colors is possible by adding There were few, if any, novel machines on view. The vessels of dye solution. Many kinds of fibers can be dyed exhibits mostly represented minor changes in old models. by cold dye solution. Operation is very simple and There were practically no exhibits of press or laundry 60 kg of fiber is dyed in one hour. machines.

146 Journal of The Textile Machinery Society of Japan (1) High-speed, Single-needle Lock Stitch Sewing Machine with Automqatic Thread Cutter, Model DDL-555-2 (Tokyo Juki Industrial Co., Ltd., Tokyo) This is old model DDL-555 improved by attaching the auto thread cutter. Fig. 13 shows the relation between the position and action of its pedal. Stepping lightly on the toe part of the pedal from a neutral position lowers the machine speed. Further step- ping increases the speed. Stepping lightly on the heel part of the pedal stops the needle near the bottom dead point. Further stepping, this time backward, cuts the upper and lower threads and stops the needle at the top dead point. A safety device is provided to keep the machine from running at high speed before thread-cutting is completed. The device uses a solenoid and runs electro-magnetically. Fig. 15 Pedal motion of DB-2-B7551-100 The motor used is produced by Quick Rotan Co., but Juki plan to use a Japanese motor in future. Sewing speed : 5,000 s/min for light-and medium-weight cloths.

Fig. 13 Pedal motion of DDL-555-2

Fig. 16 High-speed, single-needle lock stitch sewing machine with automatic thread cutter DB- 2-B755-100

(1) When the pedal is lightly stepped on, the sub pedal drops automatically. (2) Further stepping on the pedal speeds-up the ma- chine.

Fig. 14 High-speed, soingle-needle lock stitch sewing (3) With the pedal returned to its original position, the machine with automatic thread cutter, Model sub pedal returns automatically to its original position, DDL-555-2 holding the needle in the cloth, and the machine stops. (4) When the pedal is stepped on backward, the needle (2) High-speed Single-needle Lock Stitch Sewing Machine rises and the automatic thread cutter cuts the upper and with Automatic Thread Cutter Model, DB-2-B755-100 lower threads on the reverse side of cloth. At the same (Brother Industries, Ltd., Nagoya) time, the needle stops at the top dead point, and the sub Here again we have only a minor improvement on an pedal returns simultaneously. old model. DB-2-B755-100 is DB-2-B755 with the auto Maximum sewing speed : 4,000 s/min. thread cutter added. The relation between the pedal posi- This machine, too, uses a motor from Quick Rotan Co. tion and the thread-cutting motion is almost the same as As operations are transmitted pneumatically, an air on Juki's DDL-555-2. As shown in Fig. 15, the pedal has compressor (100W, 5 kg/cm2, 12m3/hr) is needed for a sub pedal. each 4 machines. The price is not fixed yet.

Vol. 15, No. 4 (1969) 147 (3) Super High-Speed, Two-needle Sewing Machine, Maximum size of a button hole: 5mm x 19mm Model DV-1200 (Yamato Sewing Machine Mfg. Co., JUS-6 (6 - head machine) was shown in Basel in 1967. Toyonaka-shi, Osaka) JSU-1 introduced here has one head.

(5) Single-needle, Locking Stitch Bar-tacking Machine Model LK-3-8827 (Brother Inductries, Ltd., Nagoya)

Fig. 17 Super high-speed, two-needle sewing machine DV-1200 Fig. 19 Single- needle, lock stitch bar-tacking machine LK-3-8827 This machine is for double surface trimming sewing of knit underwear and other hosiery. It is featured by high This is for bar tacking of overcoats, work clothes, speed. The feed can be changed by an eccentric crank students' uniforms, men's trousers and kit underwear. which changes its eccentricity. Run at low speed, the A maximum design 25 mm wide and 20 mm long is machine produces only slight unevenness in both stitch obtainable. The maximum tack design obtainable in the length and stitch timing. past was 80mm x 20mm. A maximum of 72 needles can Maximum sewing speed : 6,000 s/rain. be used. Maximum sewing speed: 1,200 s/min. Plans are afoot to make this machine operable by only (4) Ultra-sonic Welding Button Holder, Model JUS-1 (Tokyo Juki Industrial Co., Ltd., Tokyo) one pedal motion. Postscript Some makers of industrial sewing machines, including Mitsubishi, Toyota and Mima, did not participate in the fair. The fact seems to suggest that the International Trade Fair will be replaced gradually by the Home-Pro- duced Sewing Machine Show or the Knit Show as the medium of publicizing new Japanese sewing machines. (By Tornoaki Yotsumoya, Fuji Spinning Co., Ltd., Tokyo)

V. Testing and Measurement (1) Cycle Changer and High-cycle Inuciien Motor (Kosoku Electric Co., Ltd. Tokyo) To obtain a high-cycle power source with commercially supplied power, we think of using either a motor generator or an invertor. The cycle changer introduced here has neither a rotor nor a vibrator. Yet it varies frequency Fig. 18 Ultr -s.~ ;i. v~clding button holder . x S-1 freely. The usual universal motor consists of a good many This machine makes button holes in materials that contain parts which easily get out of order: carbon brush, arma- 60°c more synthetic fibers. It makes a button hole in an ture or commutator, etc. Troubles are frequent in obtain- instant by the frictional heat of ultrasonic vibrations. ing high-speed revolutions. Making on hole in 0.3-0.6 sec, this machine is 3 to 5 The high-cycle induction motor under review has no times more efficient than any conventional button-holing disorder-prone parts and works perfectly well with the sewing machine. Pressure is produced pneumatically. cycle changer, giving revolutions which fit the machine Maximum power consumption: 1 Kw (100V). used and the job to be done.

148 Journal of The Textile Machinery Society of Japan Fig. 20 Cycle changer Model KG-200, Cycle range 300--500 c/sec; output power 350W

The cycle changer with the high-cycle induction motor fits every machine, including chemical apparatus, pre- cision engineering machine and textile-testing machine. (2) Automatic Recording Titrator (1-Iirama Rika Ken- kyujo, Ltd. Kawasaki-shi.) This apparatus is designed for automatic potentio- metric titration and recording of the entire course of reaction. A potentiometric titration curve, hitherto ob- Fig. 21 Automatic recording titra~or tainable only manually by noting the final cell electro- motive force following each addition of titrant, is auto- a stirrer, a pair of glass-calomel electrodes and a flowing matically obtainable by this apparatus. It improves nozzle of titrant, a detected electric difference is guided to analytical precision in routine analyses because it elimi- automatic-balancing via a d-c three-stage amplifier. The naties differences between users in the deter nination of an screw-driven piston of a syringe-burette is synchronized end point. mechanically with the chart drive of recorder. Therefore, The titration cell (50-300 ml beaker) is equipped with the recording paper in its travel co-ordinates with the

Specifications of Cycle Changer

Vol. 15, No. 4 (1969) 149 volume of the titrant delivered into the titration cell from Thanks to the extremely high input impedance of the a piston-burette. amplifier, titration in non-aqueous media can be perform- The input impedance of the first-stage tube being ex- ed successfully if the right electrode is used. Titration in tremely high, any high internal resistance glass electrode non-aqueous media must be at a slow pace. The apparatus works stably. By taking off the paired electrodes, instal- makes 13-hour titration possible, as we have said. There- ling the detachable photo-tube box and turning the switch, fore, the user suffers no inconvenience in titrating even a this unit is made into an automatic recording photometric very slow reaction. titrator. By fitting the cell to a continuous flow of sample As the titrating speed can be varied from 2 min. 10 sec. solution, continuous recording of pH variation, con- per 20 ml at its fastest to about 13 hours per 20 ml at its tinuous recording of transmittance in the case of photo- slowest, any slow reactions are recorded accurately. The metry, continuous recording of turbidity is possible. driving speed of a chart paper can be varied from 1 cm to (By Rikuhiro Kinoshita, Tokyo University of Agriculture 4 cm per 1 ml of titrant. This improves the reading of and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo) end point measurably.

150 Journal o f The Textile Machinery Society of Japan