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Annual Report 1925-26

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Annual Report 1925-26 DOMINION OF CANADA FISHERIES BRANCH Department of Marine and Fisheries FOR THE YEAR 1925-26 OTTAWA F. A. ACLAND PRINTER TO THE KING'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY 1926 To General His Excellency the Right Honourable Lord Byng of Vimy, G.C.B., G.C.M.G., 1VI.V.O., Governor General and Commander in Chief of the Dominion of Canada. MAY IT PLEASE YOUR EXCELLENCY : I have the honour to submit herewith, for the information of your Excellency and the Parliament of Canada, the Fifty-ninth Annual Report of the Fisheries Branch of the Department of Marine and Fisheries. I bave the honour to be, Your Excellency's most obedient servant, P. J. A. CARDIN, Minister of Marine and Fisheries. DEPARTMENT OF MARINE AND FISHERIES, OTTAWA, July, 1926. cb-6 106 - 11 1 11 1../D 4 c'G' CONTENTS PAGE Deputy Minister's Report covering— • Riview of the Fisheries of 1925 5 Operation of the Fish Inspection Act 8 Inspection of Canneries and Canned Fish 9 Fisheries Intelligence Service 9 Fishing Bounty 9 Fish Culture 10 North American Committee of Fisheries Investigation 11 Pacific Halibut Treaty 12 Marine Biological Board 14 Natural History Observations 16 APPENDICES 1. Reports of Inspectors of Fisheries 17 2. Report on Activities of Marine Biological Board 76 3. Observations on the American Lobster 82 4. Fishways and Removal of Obstructions 84 5. Fisheries Expenditure and Revenue 94 6. Entries of United States Fishing Ve,ssels 105 7. Summary of Licenses Issued 109 4 DEPUTY MINISTER'S REPORT To the Hon. P. J. A. CARDIN, Minister of Marine and Fisheries. have the honour to submit the Fifty-ninth Annuü Report of the Fisheries Branch of the Department, which is for the fiscal year ended March 31, 1926. The report deals with the following subjects:—- Review of the Fisheries of 1925. Operation of the Fish Inspection Act. The Inspection of Canneries and Canned Fish. Fisheries Intelligence Service. Fishing Bounty. Fish Culture. North American Committee on Fisheries Investigation. Pacific Halibut Treaty. Marine Biological Board. Natural History Observations. Appendices to the Report include the following:— Report of Inspectors of Fisheries. Report on Activities of Marine Biological Board. Observations on the American Lobster. Fishways and Removal of Obstructions. Fisheries Expenditure and Revenue. Entries of United States Fishing Vessels. Summary of Licenses Issued. RF:VIEW OF THE FISHERIES OF 1925 The total production of the fisheries of Canada during the year under review was greater than during the preceding year and the marketed value was almost $3,500,000 g,reater. In the following table will be seen the marketed value by provinces with a comparison of the previous year:— 1925 1924 Nova Scotia $ 10,213,687 $ 8,777,251 New Brunswick . 4,798,589 5,383,286 Prince Edward Island 1,598,119 1,201,772 Quebec 3,044,919 2,283,314 Ontario 3,436,412 3,557,587 Manitoba 1,466,939 1,232,563 Saskatchewan 479,645 482,492 Alberta 458,504 339,107 British Columbia 22,414,618 21,257,567 Yukon Territory 15,370 18,773 47,926,802 $ 44,534,235 The increased value for Nova Scotia of about $1,500,000 is accounted for by the greatly increased catches in cod and lobsters. In the province of New Brunswick decreases are noted in the catches of cod, sardines, and smelts, with a corresponding drop in the value. 5 6 MARINE AND FISHERIES The catches of cod, herring and lobsters in the province of Prince Edward Island were largeri in 1925 and caused the value to be higher. There was a considerable increase in the catch and value of cod in the province of Quebec, while the salmon and lobster catches were also greater. In Ontario and Saskatchewan the catches were about the same as in the preceding year, while in Manitoba there were greater catches of whitefish and tullibee. The increase in Alberta was due to greater catches of pickerel, pike and whitefish.. British Columbia shows an increase in value of over a million dollars which is accounted for by a larger catch of herring and an increase in the marketed value of salmon. ATLANTIC COAST Cod, Haddock, Hake and Pollock.—There were 2,872,281 cwts. of these fish taken, compared with 2,433,234 cwts. in 1924. Each of these kinds, with the exception of hake, shows an increased catch in Nova Scotia. In New Brunswick the cod catch shows a decrease, but in the other three kinds an increase. Prince Edward Island and Quebec returns each give an increased catch of cod of about 50 per cent. The quantity marketed in a fresh state - (including fresh fillets) was 306,860 cwts., compared with 331,421 cwts. in the previous year , while there were 103,116 cwts. of smoked prepared (including smoked fillets5, compared with 78,287 cwts. in 1924. The Lunenburg banking fleet had a very successful season. There were ten more vessels added to the fleet during the year. There are now ten steam trawlers operating out of Nova Scotian ports, and these supply mainly the demand for fresh fish. IVIackerel, Herring and Sardines.—The catch of these three kinds amounted to 1,428,155 ces., as compared with 1,600,179 cwts. in the preceding year. A drop of some 60,000 cwts. in the catch of herring in Nova Scotia was more than offset by increases in the other three provinces so that the total catch of 923,428 cwts. is greater than that of 1924 by 78,967 cwts. The quantity of herring smoked again shows an increase, some 89,404 cwts. being prepared in this manner as against 71,366 cwts. The catch of mackerel was 187,661 cwts., which is less th-an that of the previous year by 27,929 cwts. While the total catch was less, the catch for Nova Scotia was the second largest since 1910. The marketed value of the catch was poor owing to the American market being well stocked by their own fishermen. r • There were 158,533 barrels of sardines taken, compared with 270,064 barrels in the previous year. There was a heavy rim of these fish on the Maine coast which were sold by the Maine fishermen at a comparatively-low price; hence the demand for Canadian fish was not as keen as it otherwise would have been. Other Sea Fish.—There were 21,767 cwts of halibut taken, which is a slight decrease from the previous year. The catch of swordfish was 4.551 cwts., which is less than in 1924. Some 16,606 cwts. of tomcod and 11,893 cwts of flounders were caught. This is a slight increase in the case of the former and nearly double the quantity in the latter instance. FISHERIES BRANCH Shellfish.-The increase in the catch of lobsters is very noticeable. There were 340,838 cwts. taken compared with 272,213 cwts. in 1924. The catch and its disposal by provinces was as follows:- 1925 Catch Catch Marketed in shell canned cwt. cwt. cases Nova Scotia 170,698 63,525 53,745 New Brunswick 65,894 10,991 27,236 Prince Edward Island 78,570 10,272 34,121 Quebec 25,676 1,313 12,395 1924 Nova Scotia 115,275 34,550 40,831 New Brunswick 68,303 26,024 23,548 Prince Edward Island 65,893 6,650 26,814 Quebec 22,742 1,025 10,925 There were 19,960 barrels of oysters taken compared with 27,319 barrels in the previous year. Clams and quahaugs also show a falling-off, some 28,459 barrels being dug compared with 40,327 barrels in the preceding year. There were 17,718 barrels of scallops landed which is an increase of 7,368 barrels. River Spawning Fish.-The catch of salmon was 57,352 cwts. compared with 57,561 cwts. in the previous year. The quantity of smelts taken dropped from 88,296 cwts. to 75,457 cwts. The catch of these fish in New Brunswick shows a big decrease. There were 56,781 cwts. of alewives taken, compared with 31,401 in 1924. The catch in Nova Scotia was more than double that of the previous year, while that in New Brunswick gives a good increase. INLAND FISHERIES The catch of whitefish was 186,648 cwts., compared with 167,706 cwts. in 1924. The province of Ontario was the only one to show a decrease in the catch. There were 86,877 cwts. of pickerel landed, compared with 101,610 cwts. in the previous year. In addition, some 34,453 ces. of blue pickerel were landed in the province of Ontario. This quantity is slightly greater than that landed in 1924. Some 45,555 cwts. of herring were landed in Ontario, compared with 125,013 cwts. in the year previous. PACIFIC FIST:1E1{1ES The fishing industry on the Pacific coast, which produces nearly half the tot-al value for the whole of Canada, was again successfully prosecuted and the results show an increase Of about a million and a quarter dollars. Salmon.-There was a catch of 1,873,376 cwts. compared with 1,965,159 ewts. in 1924. The number of cases canned was 1,720,622, compared with 1,747,505 in the year previous. Owing to higher prices obtaining, however, the 8 MARINE AND FISHERIES value of the production in this one variety was $14,973,885 or nearly two million dollars more than in 1924. There were 392,545 cases of sockeye packed, or an increase of 22,944 cases.
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