Environmental Audit of Borivali

Volume 6

ENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT OF BORIVALI - VIRAR QUADRUPLING OF RAILWAY TRACKS Public Disclosure Authorized (Submitted to Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority, Govt. of Maharashtra) Public Disclosure Authorized

Public Disclosure Authorized IL Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized

Public Disclosure Authorized Serene Environmental Services 509, 'Devavrata', Plot No. 83, , . Sector 17, Vashi, Navi.~~~~~m Murnibai 400705 Telefax - 7896926 E Mail: serene(~vsn1 corn Web site: www serenenviro.corn

JUNE 2002 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Sr. No. Description Page Number Executive Summary 1.0 Introduction 1 1.1 Background 1 1 2 Statement Of Purpose 1 2.0 Project Details 1 2 1 Project Need And Details 1 2.2 Project Components 2 3.0 Scope And Methodology 6 3 1 Scope and Methodology 6 3.2 Legal Requirements 8 4.0 Baseline Environmental Status And Impacts 11 4 1 Introduction 11 4.2 Terrain and Geology 11 4.3 CliMate 11 4 4 Ambient Air Quality 11 4.5 Noise Levels 13 4.6 Ground and Surface Water Quality 15 4 7 Natural Habitats and Ecology 16 4.8 Landuse 19 4.9 Resettlement and Rehabilitation 20 4.10 Archaeological and Cultural Property 20 5.0 Assessment of E4vironmental Mitigation Measures 24 5.1 Introduction 24 5.2 Site Findings and Compliance for EHS Mitigation 25 Measures 5.3 Additional EHS mitigation Measures 39 6.0 Environmental Monitoring And Reporting 39 6.1 Environmental Monitoring Program 39 6.2 Institutional Setup 44 6.2.1 Institutional strengthening 46 6.3 Estimated Cost of EMP Implementation 47 Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (B VQR)

LIST OF TABLES

Table Description Page Number Number 1.0 Salient Features of Project 5 2.0 Detailed Scope and Methodology 6 3.0 Air Monitoring Results 12 4.0 Noise Monitoring Results 13 5.0 Creek Water Analysis Results 15 6.0 Vegetation data 18 7.0 Impact Matrix 21 8 1 Site Findings And EMP Compliance Status (Pre-Construction / 26 Design Stage) 8.2 Site Findings And EMP Compliance Status (Construction 29 Stage) 8.3 Site Findings And EMP Compliance Status (Operation Stage) 38 9.0 Monitoring during Construction Phase 40 10.0 Monitoring Program during Operabon Phase 43 11.0 Training Program for Institutional Strengthening 46 12.0 Cost of EMP Implementation 47

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure Number Description 1.0 Location of Borivali-Virar Railway Track 2.0 The Rail Alignment Of The Proposed TraFk 3.1 Existing Organization Framework For Westem Railway-Construction 3.2 Existing Organization Framework For Westem Railway-Operation ______Phase

LIST OF ANNEXURES

Annex Description Number 1 .A Terms of Reference for carrying out Environmental Audit of Railway Projects 1.B1 Legal Requirement 2 Site Photographs 3 Public Consultation Details 4 Tree Cutting Permissions 5 Mangrove Plantation Plan 6 Proof CRZ Clearance Application made to State Government/ MOEF 7 Copy of EMP's from MLEA Report of 1996 Environmental Audit of Borivalh - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1.0 INTRODUCTION The Mumbai Urban Transport Project (MUTP) has identified a number of sub-projects to strengthen the suburban rail transport and road transport in Greater Mumbai and Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR) as a whole. MUTP places considerable emphasis on improving public transport including the railway capacity:'

As per requirement of The World Bank, Environmental Assessments (EA) was done for these sub-projects in the years 1996 to 1998. Also, a consolidated EA was prepared for the entire MUTP project. Public consultation have also been conducted for MUTP and Hts varous components. Environmental Management Plans (EMP) was prepared as a part of these EAs, which included mitigation measures for minimising adverse environmental impacts. Currently, several of these sub-projects are in different stages of construction and MMRDA desires to carry out an assessment of the relevant EMPs.

This assignment pertains to the EMP assessment/audit for the quadrupling of railway lines between Borvali and Virar Stations (BVQR). This project is being implemented by the Western Railway (WR). Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority (MMRDA) has retained the services of Serene Environmental Services (SES) to carry out Environmental Audit for railway projects of MUTP.

2.0 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY The objectives of the Environmental Audit are as follows: [ Verify the implementation of EMPs delineated in the earlier Micro-Level Environmental Assessment (MLEA) report done in the year 1998. 3 Recommend ways for retrofitting EMPs into on-going constructipn activities O Assess whether further environmental mitigation measures are required. o Suggest improvements in implementation of mitigation measures in future activities.

3.0 PROJECT COMPONENTS In this project, it is proposed to lay an additional coridor between Borivali -Bhayander and Bhayander - Virar with EMU car shed at Virar. The new tracks will run parallel to existing tracks. On the eastern side it will cross over to westem side mainly near existing Railway stations. The project includes introducing 8 rakes of 9-car equivalent to increase the capacity on this line. The stretch of the project from Borivali to Virar spans 26 kms and includes 8 stations.

The broad components of the project can be grouped under the following heads: o Earthwork for laying of rail tracks between stations * Construction of additional infrastructure at various stations such as New Platforms and extension of existing plafforms, Subways, Station building and Booking office, Foot over-bridges (FOB), Extension of level crossings, etc. o Construction of major and minor bridges at various locations o Construction of important bridge'of 2.00 Kms length across Vasai creek Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

* Construction of miscellaneous structures such as drainage, boundary walls etc. * Construction of railway residential quarters

The project is in various stages of implementation. On the whole the project is about 25 % complete and the expected completion date is December 2003.

3.1 Applicable Legal Requirements The applicable Indian environmental regulations, World Bank policies/directives and GOM directives for all MUTP projects are given in detail in Annex 1B. This EMP's for the BVQR project have been prepared within the framework of the Consolidated Environmental Assessment (CEA), Report for MUTP, 2002. The legal requirements applicable to the BVQR project are as follows: Indian Environmental and Other Regulations C1 Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986, associated Rules and Notifications under the Act. O The Maharashtra (Urban Areas) Preservation of Trees Act. 1975 o Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ), 1991 and its Amendments O Land Acquisition Act 1894 (LA Act): p Maharashtra Regional and Town Planning Act, 1966 (MR&TP Act): E Development Control Reculations for Greater Mumbai 1991 (DCRs):

World Bank Policies E Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01) E Natural Habitat (OP 4.04): E Involuntary Resettlement (OD 4.30)

4.0 BASELINE ENVIRONMEXNTAL STATUS and IMPACTS The objective in this section is to evaluate the changes in baseline environmental status since the 1996 EA study and the changes in possible environmental impacts from various project components during construction and operation phases of the project. For assessing the environmental baseline status and the impacts, site visits were made and site personnel were interviewed. Representative sHtes were visited so that all major construction activities are evaluated. Spot monitoring of environmental parameters were carried out.

4.1 Ambient Air Quality 1996 Data

Ambient air quality was monitored in 1996 at Borvali, Bhayander and Virar. SO2 and NOx concentrations were observed in the range of 13 -38 p.g/ m3and 15 -52 9g/ m3 respectively and were well within the AAQ standards. SPM concentrations were in the range of 100 to 195 1tg/ m3 and were within the standards of 200 p9g/ m3 near Bhayandar and Virar, whereas at Borivali Station an average of 228 p.g/ m3 was reported, which exceeds the AAQ standards.

Current Survey Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

Site visits along the track indicate densely populated urban areas surrounding the railway stations and largely open areas between the stations. As a result of high traffic density near station areas, AAQ is often degraded and standards are exceeded for SPM, PM1o and NOx.

In the 1996 MLEA study, the AAQ was monitored for 5 days during March and April' 1996. AAQ montoring during this study was not suggested for the purpose of comparing with the 1996 results, as the monitoring period of 1996 baseline data was very small (5 days) and also separated by a 51/2 year period. Moreover the seasons of monitoring if done, will be different. * Thus, emphasis was given to evaluate the AAQ impacts due to construction activity of BVQR project on nearby residential areas. The Ambient Air Quality monioring was carried out at the Vasai Creek Bridge construction site of Gammon India Ltd. at Bhayandar for 2 consecutive days (24 hoQjr average).

Impacts Durina Construction Phase The results along with visual observations at site indicate that construction activHy is not likely to increase AAQ levels significantly over the baseline values.

During Operation Phase During the operation stage, there will be no impact on air quality, as electric trains will be operated on the proposed track.

4.2 Noise Impacts 1996 Data Noise levels along the Borivaii-Virar railway tracks were monitored in 1996 at 200 m to 300 m away from the railway tracks at Borivali, Bhayander and Virar. The day time and night time background Leq values ranged between 70-77 dB(A) and 64-72 dB(A). These are quite high as compared to the noise standards for residential area i.e. 55 dB (A) and 45-dB (A) for daytime and night time respectively. Current Data Noise levels were measured at sensitive locations and residential locations near the existing construction sites and the existing Borivali - Virar railway tracks. Noise levels were monitored during no train movement and construction activity (Baseline conditions), during train movement only and during construction activity only.

Noise levels near the tracks were exceeding the noise standards as also found in the 1996 study. The baseline value recorded was 61.4 dB(A). The noise levels at residential locations at construction activity at Gammon India site when metal fabrication work is involved was found to be about 6 - 7 dB(A) higher than this baseline. The baseline values at other construction sites, which involves earth working and other miscellaneous civil construction, the impact has not found to be significantly higher than the baseline values.

Impacts Durina Construction Phase Environmental Audit of BIonvali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

It can be seen from the 1996 MLEA study that the day and night time background noise levels at residential areas near the existing railway tracks exceed the noise standards. This is found throughout the Borivali-Virar railway line, typically near the railway stations, where residential areas are located within 50 m to 300m from the railway tracks.

The noise levels at residential locations at construction activity at Gammon India site when metal fabrication work is involved was found to be about 6 - 7 dB(A) higher than the baseline. At other construction sites, which involve earth working and other miscellaneous civil construction, the impact has not found to be significantly higher than the baseline values. Apart from the metal fabrication activity at the bridge construction site at Bhayander, construction activity does not involve regular operation of high noise generating equipment such as DG sets, drilling, blasting etc. During Operation Phase Operation of the line is expected by 31/12/2003. The existing noise levels at residential locations close to tracks, during running of trains is already exceeding the standards. The day time Leq reading recorded were between 70 and 77 dB(A) in 1996 and the current spot measurements at Bhayander were found to be 74 dB(A) (these are however spot measurements and cannot be compared with the Leq values)

Noise Leq values for the year 2001 and 2011 was predicted using the Federal Highway Administration (FWHA) model in the 1996 MLEA study. A maximum number of EMU trains were considered, as source of noise pollution. Increase over background noise levels in 2011 at 5m from ROW was predicted to be 1.1 dB(A) during day time and 5.2 dB(A) during night time and it falls down to less than 0.5 dB(A) beyond 60 m during day time and beyond 200 m during night-time.

Also, a maximum increase of 1.7 dB(A) over the baseline noise was predicted for sensitive receptors such as hospitals and schools. A noise barrier of 1.5 m height (boundary wall) was recommended at the Ayurvedic Clinic between Nalla Sopara and Virar and 2 small hospitals between Dahisar and Mira Road and Mira Road and Bhayander . It was determined that such a wall will attenuate noise levels to extent of 9.9 dB(A).

WR is constructing a masonry boundary wall of 2 m at most urban locations along the tracks including the sensitive receptors mentioned above.

4.3 Ground and Surface Water Quality In the previous MLEA study in 1996, water samples were collected from borewells, open wells, lakes and Vasai Creek along the proposed B - V railway tracks. Results indicated that all well water was contaminated by sewage.

Vasai creek is the only major water body likely to be affected by project activities. Monitoring was conducted in this study only for the creek water for Suspended Solids, Dissolved Oxygen and Oil & Grease. Vasai Creek water quality is within the guideline values suggested by CPCB for marine water used for controlled waste disposal and navigation (SW - V category).

iv Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental ServiceS Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

The construction activity is not likely to have a significant adverse impact on the water bodies for the following reasons: * Labour camps are located only at the Vasai Creek Bridge construction sites at Bhayander and between Bhayander and Naigaon stations. Domestic effluent from the labour camps are treated in septic tanks and discharged via soak pits. No discharge in creek water. * No important water bodies (such as lakes, rivers etc.) were found near construction operations such as earth-working and construction material storage, which could cause sediment loading. Moreover, earth-working and other related construction is not done during monsoon season. * Large inventory of construction material such as sand etc. was not observed at the earth-working sites. Material bought in is utilised immediately for earth-working. Thus chances of material runoff are remote. * Interviews with WR staff and contractors revealed that construction debris is disposed in low lying areas for backfilling and is done away from any water body.

The operation of the project is not likely to have a significant impact on water bodies due to the following reasons: * Wastewater generated at platforms and the new railway quarters will be treated in septic tank and discharged via soak pits. * There is no other activity which generates effluent and which can adversely affect any water body.

4.4 Natural Habitats and Ecology 1996 Data In a detailed ecological survey in 1996 given in the MLEA report, along the existing track, three types of vegetation found were: Trees planted at or near railway stations; self regenerating weedy vegetation along track between stations; and strips of mangrove plants along the banks of the creek. No endangered species were encountered in the area. However, Avecennia - a mangrove species in the area - falls under protected category. About 4400 m2 of mangrove area and 4875 mangrove plants to be cleared was estimated.

Current Vecetation Observations Site visits were made to the areas between Dahisar and Bhayandar and between Bhayander and Naigaon to assess the existing status of mangroves that will be affected by the BVQR project as compared to the assessment done earlier. Details of the number of trees that will be removed between Borivali to Virar were obtained from WR, as they have done a fresh survey of the trees in the ROW for the purpose of applying for permissions for cutting.

As indicated in the fresh survey done, about 10800 m2 of mangrove area and about 2870 mangrove plants will be lost. This is different from the 1996 figure as at that time the alignment of the track was not fully known and the density of mangroves reported in in the 1996 study was 200 trees per 100 m2, which is very high and is not found in this stretch. The Environmental Audit of Bonvali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

density observed durng the fresh survey was about 20 plants per 100 m2. More details of the mangroves removed/ to be removed - number, density types etc. are given in Annex 4,

Permissions for tree cutting has been obtained from the local authorities. For certain sections this permission is pending and trees have not yet been felled. All provisions of the permissions shall be fully complied with by Westem Railway. Impacts During Construction Phase Mangroves and trees as given above will be lost due to the project. WR will be carrying out compensatory tree and mangrove plantation as per plan given in Annex 4. Impacts During Operation Phase Impacts on ecology is not expected during the operation stage as the project is coming up alongside the existing tracks and there is no forest and other sensitive ecological reserves near the tracks that can be affected due to operation of additional rakes.

4.5 Landuse This rail corridor is large built-up area with no significant ecological resources, water bodies etc. There are mixed use and residential areas immediately adjacent to the corridor boundary. At Malad and Goregaon few patches of vacant land are seen in between stations. Imoacts The land-use pattern has not change significantly due to the implementation of the project as it has come up alongside the existing tracks.

4.6 Resettlement and Rehabilitation There are 515 project-affected households (PAHs) which need resettlement. Resettlement and rehabilitation of the project-affected households is being done by MMRDA.as per the Rehabilitation Action Plan (RAP) of Govt. of Maharashtra. Site specific Community Environment Management Plans (CEMP) are being prepared separately by MMRDA for transit and permanent locations.

4.7 Archaeological and Cultural Property Rehabilitation of Cuftural Property such as archaeological and historical sites, religious (temples, mosques etc.) likely to be affected by the BVQR project is required by The World Bank Operational Policy 4.11 on Cultural Property Preservation.

Impacts on Archaeological and Cultural Property likely to be affected by the project was studied during the 1996 MLEA study. No such site or structure was identified during the severance study conducted in 1996 and later surveys carried out by MMRDA.

A summary of the impacts during construction and operation phases of the project in given in Table A

vi Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadruplinq of Rail Project (BVQR)

Table A Impact Matrix

No.' Parameter Impacts During Construction phase Impacts During operation phase

1. Air Quality Monitoring results and visual assessment of construction No negative impacts expected during operation sites indicates that impacts on AAQ due to construction phase. activity will be insignificant. Measures for dust suppression taken by contractors (See EMP - Section 5)

2. Noise It can be seen from the 1996 MLEA study that the day Noise Leq values for the year 2001 and 2011 was and night time background noise levels at residential predicted using FWHA noise model in MLEA study, areas near the existing railway tracks exceed the noise 1996. Increase over background noise levels in standards. This is found throughout the Borivali-Virar dB(A)2011 atduring 5m from,day timeROW and was 5.2 predicted dB(A) during to be night 1.1 railway line, typically near the railway stations, where time and it falls down to less than 0.5 dB(A) beyond residential areas are located within 50 m to 300m from 60 m during day time and beyond 200 m during the railway tracks. night-time. . Also, a maximum increase of 1.7 dB(A) over the The noise levels at residential locations at construction baseline noise was predicted for sensitive receptors activity at Gammon India site when metal fabrication work such as hospitals and schools. A noise barrier of is involved was found to be about 6 - 7 dB(A) higher than 1.5 m height (boundary wall) was recommended at the baseline. At other construction sites, which involves 3 of such locations. The hospitals mentioned are earth working and other miscellaneous civil construction, more like Poly-Clinics. the impact has not found to be significantly higher than Apart from measures for noise reduction at source the baseline values. Apart from the metal fabrication by improving track rail interface etc., WR is activity at the bridge construction site at Bhayander, constructing a masonry boundary wall of 2 m at construction activity does not involve regular operation of most urban locations along the tracks including the high noise generating equipment such as DG sets, sensitive recetrceptors mentionedetoe innteME the MLEA report.eot drilling, blasting etc.

vii Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadruping of Rail Project (BVQR)

Table A Cont..

No. Parameter Impacts During Construction phase Impacts During operation phase

3. Water Quality No change in baseline water quality. Existing nallahs, No adverse impact on water bodies during operation wells contaminated with sewage water from urban areas stage due to the following reasons: alongside existing tracks. . Effluent from new stations will be treated in septic tanks and discharged from soak pits. No Only water body likely to be affected by the project other effluent generating and other activities that construction activity is the Vasai Creek due to bridge can impact water resources. construction activity. . Construction of drains at station areas to avoid flooding Creek water monitoring data and visual site assessment at the bridge construction site and all along the Borivali-Virar stretch indicates that there will be no significant adverse impact on creek water quality due to project construction activity. This is because: * Effluent from labour camps will be treated in septic tanks and discharge through soak #plts. No direct discharge of effluent. . No important water bodies except Vasai creek close to construction sites. . No earth-work done during monsoon season. . Dumping of construction debris away from water bodies. Dumping only in low lying areas for filling.

viii Envlronmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

Table A Cont. No. Parameter Impacts During Construction phase Impacts During operation phase

4 Natural Habitat As per WR records, about 647 trees of all kinds will require Impacts on ecology is not expected during the and Ecology to be cut. Small patches of about 13500 m2 area with operation stage as the project is coming up mangroves will be lost due to the project between Mira Road alongside the existing tracks and there is no forest and Bhayander. WR will be carrying out tree and mangrove and other sensitive ecological reserves along the plantation for enhancement of the area.anotesniiveclgalrevsaogth ROW of the tracks that can be affected by noise Permission for cutting trees between Bhayandar and Virar from plying of additional rakes. have been obtained from forest department. Permissions for tree cutting between Mira road and Bhayander have been obtained from Mira Bhayander Municipal Council.

Permissions for tree felling between Borivali and Dahisar is pending with Tree officer of MCGM. The cutting of above trees is inevitable as the alignment of new tracks is adjacent to the existing rail lines. 5. Landuse Baseline data on land-use has not changed significantly No adverse impacts expected. since the last MLEA report. The land-use pattern will not change significantly due to the implementation of the project as it is coming up alongside the existing tracks. 6. Resettlement Out of 561 project-affected households, 186 have been and resettled. Resettlement and Rehabilitation (R&R) and CEMP Rehabilitation of the project-affected households is being done by MMRDA as per the Rehabilitation Action Plan (RAP) of Govt. of Maharashtra. 7. Archaeological No such site or structure was identified during the and Cultural severance study conducted in 1996 and later surveys Property. carried out by MMRDA.. More details regarding such sites are given in the Rehabilitation Action Plan (RAP) for MUTP and Rehabilitation Implementation Plan (RIP) for the Project.

ix Environmental Audit of Bonvali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

5.0 Assessment of Environmental Mitigation Measures

The assessment included: * Audit of the project site and activities to determine the extent of compliance with Environment, Health and Safety (EHS) mitigation measures defined in the earlier 'MLEA report and the 2Consolidated EA report for MUTP. * Determining adequacy of earlier EMP and Proposing additional Measures.

The broad components of the project, which are expected to have an impact on environmental parameters are given below. Also the representative sites visited for assessing mitigation measures are indicated in bold below:

* Earthwork for laying of rail tracks between stations Study Site: Between Vasai and Nallasopara Station

* Construction of additional infrastructure at various stations such as New Plafforms and extension of existing plafforms, Subways, Station building and Booking office, Foot over- bridges (FOB), Extension of level crossings, etc. Study Site: Vasai Road Station, Dahisar Station.

* Construction of major and minor bridges at various locations Study Site. Between Vasai and Nallasopara

* Construction of Important bridge at Vasai Creek Study Site: Vasai Creek Bridge construction site at Bhayander

* Construction of miscellaneous structures such as drainage, boundary walls etc. Study Sites: Dahisar and Vasai Station

The audit was carried out by site verification, interviews with contractors and concemed WR officials (Dy. Chief Engineers and Site engineers) and review of existing documentation for the locations mentioned above. These findings are representative and will apply for other similar locations.

5.1 Site Findings and Compliance for EHS Mitigation Measures

Construction activity has already commenced for most components. The mitigation measures given earlier in the EMPs as part of the EA reports are not available with WR and the contractors. However, it was observed that WR have procedures for implementing EHS practices. The itemised findings of the audit for various environmental mitigation elements for design, construction and operation phases of the project are given in Tables 8.1 to 8.3 in

Micro Level Environmental Assessment of Quadrupling of Borivali-Virar Railway Tracks, Final Report, March 1998, AIC Watson Consultants Limited. 2 Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report for MUTP Draft Final Report, MMRDA, November 2001 x Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

this report. The current status of implementation of EHS measures are also described in these Tables.

The EHS issues were assessed for the components given below for design, construction and operation phases of the project.

* Ecological impacts such as tree cutting and destruction of mangroves. * Resettlement and rehabilitation * Utility relocation * Generation of Dust due to construction activity * Construction Vehicle /equipment exhaust emissions * Noise from vehicles, plants and equipment * Contamination of creek water at various bridge locations and other water bodies such as wells and lakes/ponds. * Ecological impacts such as tree cutting and destruction of mangroves * Soil erosion * Debris disposal * Soil contamination by construction wastes, fuel etc. * Land degradation in quarry area. * Health and hygiene at construction labour camps * Delays and congestion on tracks * Traffic Control and Safety * Occupational Health and Safety

Critical EHS recommendations for the project are given below, more details on audit findings and recommendations are available in Tables 81 to 8.3 of this report.

Pre-construction and design stage:

1. Resettlement is currently being carried out by MMRDA as per RAP of GOM. Separate Transit and permanent accommodations for project affected households should be audited at least 6 monthly. 2. No major utilities such as water mains, telephone lines etc. need relocation. High-tension line relocation is being done along with MSEB.

Construction Phase

1 Road wetting for earth-working operations is being done regularly. However, approach and site roads at the Gammon India Construction site at Bhayander to be watered using a dedicated water tanker, at least twice a day. 2. All contractors to make sure that all dumpers and other vehicles being used at site have been checked for vehicle emissions and have a valid PUC certificate. 3. Noise due to certain operations such as metal fabrication cannot be avoided and wil be temporary. The contractor should ensure that these operations are done only during day hours Also noise monitoring to be done as per program in Section 6.1

xi Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

4. A documented procedure to be made by all contractors clearly prohibiting discharge/dumping of waste material into any water body. Inspection of the same shall be done as per the Inspection sheet given in Annex 11 and procedure in Section 6.1. 5. Compensatory mangrove plantation to be done as per plan suggested in Annex 4 6. A dear documented procedure to be made part of the tender documents, requiring contractors to dispose debris in low-lying areas away from water bodies, as fill material only. 7. Material to be collected / diverted from creek area and disposed as fill material. Procedure to be made in this regard and made a part of tender documents. 8. Small Oil spill from diesel oil tank at Gammon India site was observed. This area to be cleaned up and drip trays to be provided under the tank. General provisions for prevention of oil leaks and their dean up to be made a part of tender documentation. 9. Material discharge receipts from District Collectors office for quarries are available at some construction sites indicating that the quarries are licensed. Contractors to make sure that these are available at all sites. Site inspection for this to be done as per inspection sheet in Annex 11 and procedure in Section 6.1 10. Safety and hazard posters and signs should be clearly displayed at locations such as plafform works, level crossings, Station building construction areas etc. The same to be checked monthly and reported as per procedure in Section 6.1. 11. Increase patrolling at stations and impose strict fines for stepping on railway tracks. Install large hazard signs at stations for public awareness. 12. W R. to assure that procedure for work permit is followed at all construction sites. 13. Assessment should be made during scheduled inspections as per the assessment checklist given in Annex 11. 14. Ambient Air and noise monitoring to be done as per procedure in Section 6.1 and Table 9.

Operation Phase 1. A detailed survey to be done in the railway corridor to determine areas where track-side and other plantation could be done and a plantation plan to be prepared (Annex 4). Plan should be prepared by WR and forwarded to MMRDA for approval one month before completion of construction activities. 2. Ambient Air and noise monitoring to be done as per procedure in Secton 6.1 and Table 10. 3. Mangrove and tree plantation activity to be surveyed regularly as per procedure in Section 6.1

6.0 Environmental Monitoring and Reporting

Ste visits and interviews have revealed the following facts related to environmental management organisation:

. In the consolidated EA report for MUTP, MRVC was reported to be the Project Implementation Agency (PIA). However, Westem Railway (WR) is the PIA for this project. MRVC is the coordinating agency to facilitate communication between MMRDA and WR o WR has not been involved in any of the earlier EA efforts. Environmental mitigation measures identified in the earlier EA for this project and also identified in the consolidated EA are not available with WR. However, WR has incorporated certain EHS elements in the tender documents and is implementing the same. xii Environmental Audit of Bonvali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (B V4R)

* Environmental monitoring is currently not required to be done by the contractors. Apart from periodic safety inspections, currently there is no feedback mechanism for EHS elements of the project.

The objectives of EHS monitoring will best be achieved for this project by comprehensive periodic site inspection programs for EHS elements and periodic monitoring of ambient air quality and noise. The recommended EMP monitoring and reporting mechanism, inspection schedule - format - responsibilities, current instHtutional mechanism, training requirements etc. are given in detail in Sections 6.1 and 6.2 of this report. The cost for EMP implementation is estimated at Rs. 2021000.

xi'ii Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background

The Mumbai Urban Transport Project (MUTP) has identified a number of sub-projects to strengthen the suburban rail transport and road transport in Greater Mumbai and Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR) as a whole. MUTP places considerable emphasis on improving public transport including the railway capacity.

As per requirement of The World Bank, Environmental Assessments (EA) was done for these sub-projects in the years 1996 to 1998. Also, a consolidated EA was prepared for the entire MUTP project. Environmental Management Plans (EMP) was prepared as a part of these EAs, which included mitigation measures for minimising adverse environmental impacts. Public consultation have also been conducted for MUTP and its various components. The stages of the public consultations are given in section 3 of this report. Currently, several of these sub-projects are in different stages of construction and MMRDA desires to carry out an assessment of the relevant EMPs.

This assignment pertains to the EMP assessment/audit for the quadrupling of railway lines between Borivali and Virar Stations (BVQR). This project is being implemented by the Western Railway (WR).

1.2 Statement of purpose

Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authofity (MMRDA) has retained the services of Serene Environmental Services (SES) to carry out Environmental Audit for railway projects of MUTP as per requirement of World Bank Operational Policy - OP 4.01. The scope of work is as per TOR given in the RFP no. PD/MUTP/EA1701/2001 dated October 16, 2001 (Annex 1A). The work was awarded to SES on November 7, 2001, after final negotiations on November 6, 2001.

Objectives of the study: * Verify the implementation of EMPs delineated in the earlier Micro-Level Environmental Assessment (MLEA) report done in the year 1996. tX Recommend ways for retrofitting EMPs into on-going construction activities t- Assess whether further environmental mitigation measures are required. e> Suggest improvements in implementation of mitigation measures in future activities.

2.0 PROJECT DETAILS

2.1 Project Need and Details

To meet the growng traffic requirement it was considered necessary to increase the present line capacity of Borivali - Virar section by quadrupling the track. The construction work of this CtWVIUIJIllRtld ltiUi Ul OuiLva ,- CCav , .. Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

project is in progress. The proposed Borivali -Virar railway Track lies on the northem part of MMR, a part of it traversing through marshy area and the rest through hutments and other developed area. There are two corridors (one corridor comprises two rail lines) between Churchgate and Borivali: One corridor is exclusively used for suburban services whereas the other is used for both suburban and long distance services. Only one corridor exists between Borivali to Virar services suburban and long distance trains.

In this project, it is proposed to lay an additional corridor between Borvali -Bhayander and Bhayander - Virar with EMU car shed at Virar. The new tracks will run parallel to existing tracks on the eastem side and will cross over to westem side mainly near existing railway stations. The project includes introducing 8 rakes of 9-car equivalent to increase the capacity on this line. The stretch of the project from Borivali to Virar spans 26 kms and includes 8 stations. Figure 1 depicts the project area and land-use and Figure 2 gives the rail alignment of the proposed track. There are total 8 stations between Borivali and Virar.

The benefits of the proiects are:

* Exclusive corridor for suburban trains between Borivali and Virar as an extension of Churchgate - Borivali corridor. Providing extra suburban capacity between Borivali-Virar to cater to increased demand on this section and allowing existing double line to be used for suburban traffic exdusively.

* Improved facilities for long distance passenger and goods trains in conjunction with 5th line between Santacruz and Borivali.

2.2 Project Components

The broad components of the project can be grouped under the following heads. The respective photographs are given in Annex 2:

* Earthwork for laying of rail tracks between stations (Photo 1) * Construction of additional infrastructure at various stations such as New Platforms and extension of existing plafforms (Photo 2), Subways, Station building and Booking office, Foot over-bridges (FOB), Extension of level crossings, etc. * Construction of major and minor bridges at various locations

* Construction of important bridge of 2.00 Kms length across Vasai creek (Photo 3)

* Construction of miscellaneous structures such as drainage, boundary walls etc. (Photo 4)

* Construction of railway residential quarters (Photo 5)

The project is in various stages of implementation. The broad project components and current implementation status of the same are given below in Table 1.0. On the whole the project is about 25 % complete and the expected completion date is December 2003

2 WESTERN RAILWAY (SURVEY & CONSTRUCTION) OJAD^x PJ ING OF TRACKS BETWEEN 3OR!VAH' ANnD VRAFR N

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FIGURE 2 RAIL ALIGNMENTr OF THE PROPOSED TRACK

LEGEND:- A l.PRUP- 'SED WORK 2.FOREIGN RAILWAY Environmental Audit of Borivali - Viratr Serene Envirowmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

MAGLTUP [

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Figure 1 LOCATION OF BORIVALI -VIRAR RAILWAY TRACKS Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

Table 1.0 Salient Features of Project No. Description Quantity Current Status Revised Sanctioned 1. Main line track (60 kg. Rail 55.50 (Km) 51.68 (km) Just Started, 2% 1660 Nos. of PSC sleepers) completed 2. Loop line track (52 kg rail 14.26 (km) 18.20 (kmn) Yet to begin and (M + 4) sleeper density) ( Tracks next to stabon) Guard Rails 4.3 (km) 3. Points and crossing (on 220 Nos. 148 Nos. Yet to begin concrete sleepers) ( from one line to another). 4. Important Bridge (across 2 Nos. 2 Nos. 15 % completed creeks) 5. Major Bridges (span >12 m) 3 Nos. 3 Nos. Work in progress 6. Minor bridges (on culverts) 13 Nos. 13 Nos. Completed 7. Level crossing (extending 5 Nos. 5 Nos. Work in progress to cover new tracks) 8. Earth Work (as per RDSO 9,44,845 Cum. 1,49,420 48% completed guidelines) Cum. 9. Ballast (as per revised 1,67,128 Cum. 1,49,420 Work in progress Standard) Cum. 10. Land Acquisition 62.30 Ha. a) Government Land 29 Ha. For car sheds between Nalla Sopara and Virar NOC has been sought from CIDCO. Matter is under consideration by committee headed by MMRDA. b) Private Land 04.532 Ha. Procured except - Nalla Sopara land at NS needed for widening of plafforms and for circulating area. Matter is sub-judice. c) Temporary Land (near 01.655 Ha. Bhayander) Land procured 11. Construction of new quarter Total = 423 Total = 301 Under Progress as well as in lieu of _____ dismantling 12. Plaffofm Extension work At all 8 At all 8 Under Progress stations stations 13. New Platform At all 8 At all 8 Under Progress ______stations stations 14. Subways At Nallah Sopara, At 5 stations. At 5 stations. Under Progress Vasai Road, Naigaon, Dahisar and Mira Road

15. FOB extension At all 8 At all 8 Under Progress stations stations Environmental Audit of Borival, - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

3.1 SCOPE AND METHODOLOGY

As described earlier, EA was done for the BVQR project in the year 1996 to 19981. Also, a consolidated EA was prepared for the entire MUTP project. Environmental Management Plans (EMP) was prepared as a part of these EAs, which included mitigation measures for minimizing adverse environmental impacts. An assessment of Altemative Sites for the BVQR project was not carried in the 1996 MLEA out since the proposed lines will be coming up adjacent to the existing lines. Public consultation have also been conducted for MUTP and its various components. The details of which are given in Annex 3.

The various tasks and methodology followed for completing the project objectives are given in Table 2.0 below. Methodology followed is as per the 2Inception Report of the project. Public consultation have also been conducted for MUTP and its various components. The stages of the public consultations are given in section 3 of this report.

1 Environmental Assessment of Quadrupling of Borivali - Virar Railway Tracks, AIC Watson Consultants. 1988 (MLEA - Miro Level Environri'iental Assessment) 2 Inception Report for Assessment/Auditing for Railway Projects of MUTP, Serene Environlmental Services, Nov 2001 6 Environmental Audlt of Borivali- Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

Table 2.0 Detailed Scope and Methodology Scope Methodology Task 1 All reports were procured and reviewed for understanding Review of previous reports such as the project background. MLEA report, engineering design, MUTP consolidated EA report etc. Task 2 General Methodology Determine significant changes in * Site visits along ROW of the proposed tracks impacts on various environmental * 1996 monitonng data was reviewed. parameters such as AAQ, Noise * Site visits at selected sites - Inspection at and near Levels, Water quality, Ecology etc., Vasai Road station at earth working area, platform since 1998. construction, FOB extension, station building construction etc. * Inspection at Bhayander Bridge Construction site and creek area. Operations observed include cement batching, metal fabrication etc. * Inspection at Dahisar Station including earth working operation

Ambient Air Quality * Spot monitoring at sample sites. Residential areas close to construction sites and prone to impacts due to air pollution from the construction activity were selected for monitoring.

+ Ambient Air Quality was monitored at residential area near Bhayandar Bridge construction site

* Parameters: PM10, NOx, SPM and SO2. _ Frequency: 24-hr avg. sampling. Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (B VQR)

* Spot monitoring of Noise levels at residential areas close to construction sites and likely to be affected by noise from construction activity were selected for monitoring. Baseline noise was also monitored at railway stations and residential areas near upcoming new plafforms (not done in the 1996 MLEA study).

* Locations: * Bhayandar bridge construction site . Near Public School at Bhayandar bridge construction site * Near residential area - 200m from railway tracks near Vasai station.

Water Quality Initial survey has shown Vasai Creek is the only water body likely to be affected by project activities, hence monitoring was suggested only for the creek water. * Vasai creek water sampling was done at Bhayandar bridge construction site - 1. On the shore of creek 2. Inside creek - 500m away from the shore of creek Parameters - Suspended solids, Dissolved oxygen and Oil & Grease Ecological Survey * Survey was done to determine loss of mangroves. Scenario was compared with findings of 1998 MLEA report. + Current Tree-cutting data was obtained to determine impacts. TASK 3 o Site visits along tracks, construction sites, labour camps were carried out to assess EMP 1. Verify the implementation of implementation status. Sample sites were selected EMPs delineated in the MLEA for these locations. Sites selected were: 2. Recommend ways for retrofitting * Vasai Road Station and nearby construction EMPs into on-going construction sites of major bridge, earth-working, platform activities extension, FOB extension. 3. Assess whether further * Bhayandar Bridge Construction Site environmental mitigation * Dahisar Station area. measures are required. o Status of EMP (1998 EA report and the Consolidated 4. Assess the adequacy of current EA report for MUT) implementation and its adequacy institutional arrangements and was audited. suggest measures for * Local contractors were interviewed regarding EMP strengthening the same if implementation. 8 Environmentaf Audit of Bonvali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

required. * Organization structure and chain of command 5. Suggest improvements in between contractors, Railway and MRVC was implementation of mitigation reviewed. measures in future activities. + Documents related to environmental mitigation maintained by Westem Railway and Contractors were reviewed. * Adequacy of the earlier EMPs was determined and recommendations for any additional environmental mitigation and enhancement measures were proposed.

* Criteria for the assessment are EMP's given in MLEA study and consolidated EA of MUTP, good environmental practices in the construction industry, regulatory standards etc. * Environmental Monitoring protocol for construction and operation phases are defined. * EMP implementation framework, reporting requirements etc. are firmed up after discussions with MRVC, Westem Railway and MMRDA.

9 Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (B VQR)

3.2 Applicable Legal Requirements

The applicable Indian environmental regulations, World Bank policiesldirectives and GOM directives for all MUTP projects are given in detail in Annex I B. This EMP's for the BVQR project have been prepared within the framework of the Consolidated Environmental Assessment (CEA), Report for MUTP, 2002. The legal requirements applicable to the BVQR project are as follows:

Indian Environmental and Other Regulations * Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986, associated Rules and Notifications under the Act. *' The Maharashtra (Urban Areas) Preservation of Trees Act, 1975 * Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ), 1991 and its Amendments *' Land Acquisition Act 1894 (LA Act): *' Maharashtra Regional and Town Planning Act, 1966 (MR&TP Act): *' Development Control Regulations for Greater Mumbai 1991 (DCRs):

World Bank Policies * Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01) * Natural Habitat (OP 4.04): * Involuntary Resettlement (OD 4.30)

Relevant compliance action for these policies has been covered in the following Sections 4.7, 4.9 and 4.10.

10 Environmental Audit of Bonvali - Virar Serene Environrmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

4.0 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS and IMPACTS

4.1 Introduction

The broad project components were described in Section 2.2. These indude construction of new plafforms, earth-wrking and laying of tracks, extension of foot over-bridges and platforms, construction minor and major bridges etc. These activifties are carried out at various station areas and along the entire route of Borivali-Virar (See Section 2.2).

For assessing the environmental baseline status and the impacts, site visits were made and site personnel were interviewed. Representative sites were visited so that all major construction acffvities are evaluated. Spot monitorng of environmental parameters were carried out. The visit and sampling locations are given in Table 2.0 above.

4.2 Terrain and Geology Borivali - Virar traeks run over almost a level terrain in the area near bassein creek, which is low lying and marshy. Geology is typical of the westem coast i.e. Basalt rocks overlain by alluvial soils / clays. Sub-soil water is 3 to 4 m below grounu level.

The area falls under seismic zone no. 1 and is susceptible to minor seismic disturbances. Soil falls under 'impervious and semi pervious' category and has moderate erodibility. The soil is suitable for homogenous embankment.

4.3 Climate The dimate of the area is characterized by high humidity nearly all year round, oppressive summers season and well-distributed and heavy rainfall during the southwest monsoon season. 1{his suburban district receives heavy rainfall during the southwest monsoon season, which constitutes about 94% of the annual rainfall.

4.4 Ambient Air Quality

1996 Baseline Data (1998 MLEA Report)

Ambient air quality was monitored in 1996 at Borivali, Bhayander and Virar. SO2 and NOx concentrations were observed in the range of 13 -38 g/ m3 and 15 -52 ig/ m3 respectively and were well within the AAQ standards. SPM concentrations were in the range of 100 to 195 ig/ m3 and were within the standards of 200 ig/ m3 near Bhayandar and Virar, whereas at Borivali Station an average of 228 l.g/ m3 was reported, which exceeds the AAQ standards.

Current AAQ Monitoring Data Site visits along the track indicate densely populated urban areas surrounding the railway stations and largely open areas between the stations. This is also seen in the land use pattern in Figure 1. As a result of high traffic density near station areas, AAQ is often

degraded and standards are exceeded for SPM, PM10 and NOx.

II Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

In the 1996 MLEA study, the AAQ was monitored for 5 days during March and April' 1996. AAQ monitoring during this study was not suggested for the purpose of comparing with the 1996 results, as the monitoring period of 1996 baseline data was very small (5 days) and also separated by a 51/2 year period. Moreover the seasons of monitoring if done, will be different.

Thus, emphasis was given to evaluate the AAQ impacts due to construction activity of BVQR project on nearby residential areas. The Ambient Air Quality monitoring was carried out at the Vasai Creek Bridge construction site of Gammon India Ltd. at Bhayandar Station for 2 consecutive days (24 hour average). This site is selected as a representative site due to: * Its proximity to residential areas and a public school * Execution of a variety of construction activities such as metal fabrication, concrete girder casting, movement of construction vehicles and bulk cement vehicles etc. Photograph of site selected for Air monitoring is given in Photos 6 in Annex 2.

The monitoring was done using a High Volume Sampler. The methodology for analysis was as per Ministry of Environment and Forest (MOEF) specifications. Monitoring results are summarized in Table 3.0.

Table 3.0 Air Monitoring Results (24 hr Average) - 2 day.

Parameter Concentrations (±gIm3 ) Ambient Air Quality Standards (24 Hr Average) for residential

______a re a s SO2 8 80 NOx 13.7 80 SPM 134 200

PM10 32 100

Impact Assessment

During Construction Phase The monitoring results in Table 3 are spot measurements and should be treated only as indicative values to get an idea of AAQ in the vicinity of BVQR construction activity. The results along with visual observations at site indicate that construction activity is not likely to increase AAQ levels significantly over the baseline values.

-During Operation Phase During the operation stage, there will be no- impact on air quality, as electric trains will be operated on the proposed track.

12 Environmental Audit of Bonvali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

4.5 Noise Levels

1996 Data Noise levels along the Borivali-Virar railway tracks were monitored in 1996 at 200 m to 300 m away from the railway tracks at Borivali, Bhayander and Virar. The day time and night time background Leq values ranged between 70-77 dB(A) and 64-72 dB(A). These are quite high as compared to the noise standards for residential area i.e. 55 dB (A) and 45-dB (A) for daytime and night time respectively.

Current Data Day time spot noise levels were measured at sensitive locations and residential locations near the existing construction sites and the existing Borivali - Virar railway tracks. As operation of new plafforms or platform extensions may also contribute to elevated noise levels to residential areas located close to such platforms, baseline noise values at one of such plafform site at Vasai Station and at other sHtes were also monitored. The various monitoring locations and noise values are given below in Table 4.0

Table 4.0 Noise Monitoring Results No. Location Noise levels CPCB Noise dB(A) Standards for residential area 1. Public School and residential area near bridge construction site at Bhayander (about 200 m from existing rail track) . (Photo 7). Baseline (No construction and train 61.4 nitvement) With train movement 74.3 Day time - 55dB(A) Only construction activity (with metal 67 -72 Night time - 45 dB(A)

fabrication work) _ 2. Residential area near construction site at Vasai Road Baseline (no construction and train 48-50 movement) With train movement 60 Only construction work (earth working 52 dumper movement) 3. At and Near Existing and Proposed New Plafforms At Vasai Station Existing Plafform with public 84 address system on. At Residential Area adjacent to Vasai Station 68 FPlaffomn Extension no train movement. At Residential Area adjacent to Vasai Station 85 Platform Extension with train movement At Bhayander Station with public address 86 system on.

13 Environmental Audit of Bonvali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

Impact Assessment

During Construction Phase It can be seen from the 1996 MLEA study that the day and night time background noise levels at residential areas near the existing railway tracks exceed the noise standards. This is found throughout the Bonvali-Virar railway line, typically near the railway stations, where residential areas are located within 50 m to 300m from the railway tracks.

During Operation Phase Operation of the line is expected by 31/12/2003. The existing noise levels at residential locations close to tracks, during running of trains is already exceeding the standards. The day time Leq reading recorded were between 70 and 77 dB(A) in 1996 and the current spot measurements at Bhayander were found to be 74 dB(A) (these are however spot measurements and cannot be compared with the Leq values)

Also, a maximum increase of 1.7 dB(A) over the baseline noise was predicted for sensitive receptors such as hospitals and schools. A noise barrier of 1.5 m height (boundary wall) was recommended at the Ayurvedic Clinic between Nalla Sopara and Virar and 2 small hospitals between Dahisar and Mira Road and Mira Road and Bhayander. It was determined that such a wall will attenuate noise levels to extent of 9.9 dB(A). WR is constructing a masonry boundary wall of 2 m at most urban locations along the tracks induding the sensitive receptors mentioned above.

The operation of new plafforms or platform extensions may also contribute to elevated noise levels to residential areas if located close to such platforms. The baseline values at the plafforms and at platform extension sites are given above in Table 4. A monitoring program covering such sites have also been suggested for the operation stage and these values may be taken as baseline values.

14 Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

4.6 Ground and Surface Water Quality

1996 Data In the previous MLEA study, water samples were collected from borewells, open wells, lakes and Vasai Creek along the proposed B - V railway tracks. Results indicated that well water from most wells was contaminated by sewage.

Current data Site visits have indicated that open drains/sewers near to the existing railway tracks carrying domestic wastewater are quite common. One such nallah was found discharging sewage into Vasai (Bassein) Creek near the bridge construction site. Also, Vasai Creek carres domestic and industrial effluent from Bhayander and Thane Cities. Most wells in the area have sewage contamination and cannot be used for drinking purposes.

Vasai creek is the only major water body likely to be affected by project activities. Spot monitoring was conducted for the creek water for Suspended Solids, Dissolved Oxygen and Oil & Grease. Standard methods for examination of water and wastewater published by American Public health Association (APHA) were used for analysis. Vasai Creek water analysis results are presented in Table 5.0 below:

Table 5.0 Creek Water Analysis Results Parameter On the shore 600m away from CPCB standards for of Creek the shore (inside marine water of SW -V the creek) Category Suspended Solids 68 48 Dissolved Oxygen 4.8 5.0 3.0 Oil and Grease < 0.1 < 0.1 10 (for SW-IV category) SW-V Categoryj: Marine water used for navigation and controlled waste disposal SW-IV Category Marine water used as harbour All parameters are expressed in mg/lit.

Impact Assessment

During Construction Phase As seen in the Table 5.0, Vasai Creek water quality is within the guideline values suggested by CPCB for marine water used for controlled waste disposal and navigation (SW - V category).

A large silt load is deposited by the sewage discharge from the surrounding built up area. Photo 3 shows the surrounding built up area near to creek. The creek shoreline is degraded due to garbage dumping from residential areas, immersions during festival seasons and other anthropogenic activities (Photo 8 and 9).

15 Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

The construction activity is not likely to have a significant adverse impact on the water bodies for the following reasons:

Labour camps are located only at the Vasai Creek Bridge construction sites at Bhayander and between Bhayander and Naigaon stations. Domestic effluent from the labour camps are treated in septic tanks and discharged via soak pits. No discharge in creek water. * No important water bodies (such as lakes, rivers etc.) were found near construction operations such as earth-working and construction material storage, which could cause sediment loading. Moreover, earth-working and other related construction is not done during monsoon season. * Large inventory of construction material such as sand etc. was not observed at the earth- working sites. Material bought in is utilised immediately for earth-working. Thus chances of material runoff are remote. * Interviews with WR staff and contractors revealed that construction debris is disposed in low lying areas for backfilling and is done away from any water body. However, dumping of debris is not a controlled activity and needs more checks by WR to avoid flooding and contamination of water bodies.

During Operation Phase The operation of the project is not likely to have a significant impact on water bodies due to the following reasons: * Wastewater generated at plafforms and the new railway quarters will be treated in septic tank and discharged via soak pits. * There is no other activity which generates effluent and which can adversely affect any water body.

4.7 Natural Habitats and Ecology Management and conservation of natural habitats likely to be affected by the BVQR project is required by The World Bank Operational Policy OP 4.04.. On the BVQR rail route, segments of mangroves between Dahisar and Naigaon will be affected. The details of assessment of same in the 1996 MLEA study and as determined by conducting fresh survey in 2002 is given below.

4.7.1 1996 Baseline Data In a detailed ecological survey along the existing track, three types of vegetation found were: Trees planted at or near railway stations; self regenerating weedy vegetation along track between stations; and strips of mangrove plants along the banks of the creek. The number of plants within the 20 m of the eastem side of the entire existing tract was found to be 428. No endangered species were encountered in the area. The estimated number of mangroves that would require to be removed was as follows:

Near Jaffrev Creek (Between Dahisar and Mira Road) Area lost : 2000 m2, No of Plants lost: 4500 plants (225 plants per 100 M2 area)

16 Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

Near Vasai Creek (Between Bhavander and Naiaaon Station) On banks of the main creek: Area lost : 800 m2, No of Plants lost: 2000 plants (250 plants per 100 m2 area)

On banks of the island Area lost: 1600 m2, No of Plants lost: 2000 plants (125 plants per 100 m2 area)

Total Area Lost at Vasai Creek Area lost : 2400 m2, No of Plants lost: 4000 plants

4.7.2 Current Observations

Site visits were made to the areas between Dahisar and Bhayandar and between Bhayander and Naigaon to assess the existing status of mangroves that will be affected by the BVQR project as compared to the assessment done earlier. Details of the number of trees that will be removed between Borivali to Virar were obtained from WR, as they have done a fresh survey of the trees in the ROW for the purpose of applying for permissions for cutting.

Details of the mangroves removed/ to be removed - number, density types etc. are given in Annex 5, Guidelines for tree Plantabtion and Mangrove Plantation Plan. Summary of the current status with respect to treesimangroves removal is given in Table 6.0 .

17 Environmental Audit of Bonvali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

Table 6.0 VEGETATION DATA Location 1998 assessment Current Status (WR Permission for records) tree cutting Borivali to Trees: 150 57 trees to be removed as Application submitted Bhayandar per recent WR survey. to Superintendent of Trees not yet cut down. Gardens (MCGM) Permission pending. Mangroves Between 10800 mr and As this region falls Dahisar and Mira Road: 2330 trees of Avicinnea under the local 4500 plants, 2000 m2 Marina has been removed.. authority, Mira Estimated density was 20 Bhayander Municipal trees per 100 m2. Earth Council has given working in this section done. NOC for cutting of (More details of plantation vegetation removed in Annex 5) (Permission in Bhayander to Mangrove vegetation: 2700 m2 Annex 4) Naigaon. 4000 plants, 2400 m2 540 trees of Avicinnea Compensatory (Bridge Marina -will be removed. mangrove plantaton section) Estimated density was 20 for twice the number trees per 100 m2. of trees will be done by WR as per plan given in (Annex 5).

Bhayander to Trees: 278 Nos. (DBH Trees: 590 (DBH > 10 cm) Permission for tree Virar > 10 cm) felling obtained from Forest Officer (Annex 4). Only 9 trees fall under the scheduled list. Compensatory plantation will be done by WR as per specifications in the permissions. An indicative plan for the same is given in Annex 5)

4.7.3 Current Status of Regulatory Compliance with Tree Felling Regulations and Coastal Regulation Zone Notification.

Cutting of Trees (Maharashtra Tree Felling Act) As described earlier, tree felling is regulated under the Maharashtra Tree Felling Act. The Act requires a written permission from a designated tree officer before cutting of any tree 18 Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

listed in the schedule of the Act. The tree-felling Act does not explicitly require compensatory plantation for the trees that have been felled. The designated Tree Officer can require compensatory plantation depending upon site conditions. The status of tree cutting and permissions obtained are given above.

Environmental Clearance of the Project The railway project does not require environmental dearance from Ministry of Environment and Forests (MOEF), under the Environmental Impact Notification (EIA) of 1994, as railway projects are not under the scheduled list of projects. This fact has also been confirmed in writing by MOEF.

However, some portions of the project (near Vasai Creek) fall under Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) and although construction of railway bridges is a permissible activity under CRZ rules, it needs to be approved by the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MOEF). As required by the current rules. The issue is being followed up with MOEF since September 1999. As per MOEF requirement, CRZ clearance application has been filed for the BVQR with the State Department of Environment, Govt. of Maharashtra on January 21, 2002 (Copy of covering letter given in Annex 6), for on-ward submission to MOEF. CRZ clearance for the same is expected.

All requirements in the permission for tree felling and MOEF clearance, such as compensatory plantation, location and period of plantation etc. shall be strictly followed by WR.

4.7.4 Impact Assessment

During Construction Phase Mangroves and trees as given in Table 6 above will be lost due to the project. WR will be carrying out compensatory tree and mangrove plantation as per plan given in Annex 5.

During Operation Phase Impacts on ecology is not expected during the operation stage as the project is coming up alongside the existing tracks and there is no forest and other sensitive ecological reserves near the tracks that can be affected due to operation of additional rakes.

4.8 Landuse

The proposed track passes through a series of settlements, which comprise both slums and multi-storied apartments. Urban sprawl was observed mainly adjacent to station areas throughout from Borivali to Virar. Photo 12 shows typical built-up area adjacent to the rail corridor. The open areas between the stations consists of salt pans, minor agriculture, waste lands etc. (Photo 13). Near creeks, the land is marshy with mangrove growth. Salt pans were seen along the track between Bhayander and Naigaon. From Naigaon to Virar cultivable paddy fields were observed along the railway tracks. Refer Figure 1, which shows landuse around the existing and proposed tracks.

19 Environmental Audit of Bonvali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

Impacts Baseline data on land-use has not changed significantly since the last MLEA report. The land-use pattern will not change significantly due to the implementation of the project as it is coming up alongside the existing tracks.

4.9 Resettlement and Rehabilitation There are 501 project-affected households which need resettlement. Resettlement and Rehabilitation (R&R) of the project-affected households is being done by MMRDA as per the Rehabilitation Action Plan (RAP) of Govt. of Maharashtra. Site specific Community Environment Management Plans (CEMP) are being separately prepared by MMRDA for transit and permanent locations.

4.10 Archaeological and Cultural Property

Rehabilitation of Cultural Property such as archaeological and historical sites, religious (temples, mosques etc.) likely to be affected by the BVQR project is required by The World Bank Operational Policy 4.11 on Cultural Property Preservation.

Table 7.0 presents summarized impacts during construction and operation phase of project.

20 Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupllng of Rail Project (B VQR)

Table 7.0 Impact Matrix

No. Parameter Impacts During Construction phase Impacts During operation phase

2. Noise It can be seen from the 1996 MLEA study that the day Noise Leq values for the year 2001 and 2011 was and night time background noise levels at residential predicted using FWHA noise model in MLEA study, areas near the existing railway tracks exceed the noise 1996. Increase over background noise levels in sta s Ts i2011 at 5m from ROW was predicted to be 1.1 standards. This is found throughout the Borivali-Virar dB(A) during day time and 5.2 dB(A) during night railway line, typically near the railway stations, where time and it falls down to less than 0.5 dB(A) beyond residential areas are located within 50 m to 300m from 60 m during day time and beyond 200 m during the railway tracks. night-time. Also, a maximum increase of 1.7 dB(A) over the The noise levels at residential locations at construction baseline noise was predicted for sensitive receptors activity at Gammon India site when metal fabrication work such as hospitals and schools. A noise barrier of is involved was found to be about 6 - 7 dB(A) higher than 1.5 m height (boundary wall) was recommended at the baseline. At other construction sites, which involves 3 of such locations. The hospitals mentioned are earth working and other miscellaneous civil construction, more like Poly-Clinics. the impact has not found to be significantly higher than Apart from measures for noise reduction at source the baseline values. Apart from the metal fabrication by improving track rail interface etc., WR is activity at the bridge construction site at Bhayander, constructing a masonry boundary wall of 2 m at construction activity does not involve regular operation of most urban locations along the tracks including the high noise generating equipment such as DG sets, sensitive receptors mentioned in the MLEA report.

______drilling, blasting etc.

21 Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

Table 7.0 Cont..

No. Parameter Impacts During Construction phase Impacts During operation phase

3. Water Quality No change in baseline water quality. Existing nallahs, No adverse impact on water bodies during operation wells contaminated with sewage water from urban areas stage due to the following reasons: alongside existing tracks. * Effluent from new stations will be treated in septic tanks and discharged from soak pits. No other Only water body likely to be affected by the proect effluent generating and other activities that can construction activity is the Vasai Creek due to bridge impact water resources. construction activity. . Construction of drains at station areas to avoid flooding Creek water monitoring data and visual site assessment at the bridge construction site and all along the Borvali-Virar stretch indicates that there will be no significant adverse impact on creek water quality due to project construction activity. This is because: . Effluent from labour camps will be treated in septic tanks and discharge through soak pits. No direct discharge of effluent. * No important water bodies except Vasai creek close to construction sites. * No earth-work done during monsoon season. * Dumping of construction debris away from water bodies. Dumping only in low lying areas for filling.

22 Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (B VQR)

Table 7.0 Cont. No. Parameter Impacts During Construction phase Impacts During operation phase

4 Natural Habitat As per WR records, about 647 trees of all kinds will require Impacts on ecology, is not expected during the and Ecology to be cut. Small patches of about 13500 m2 area with operation stage as the project is coming up mangroves will be lost due to the project between Mira Road alongside the existing tracks and there is no forest and Bhayander. WR will be carrying out tree and mangrove and other sensitive ecological reserves along the plantation for enhancement of the area. adohrsniv clgclrsre ln h ROW of the tracks that can be affected by noise Permission for cutting trees between Bhayandar and Virar from plying of additional rakes. have been obtained from forest department. Permissions for tree cutting between Mira road and Bhayander have been obtained from Mira Bhayander Municipal Council.

6. Resettlement Out of 561 project-affected households, 186 have been - and resettled. Resettlement and Rehabilitation (R&R) and CEMP Rehabilitation of the project-affected households is being done by MMRDA as per the Rehabilitation Action Plan (RAP) of Govt. of Maharashtra. 7. Archaeological No such site or structure was identified during the and Cultural severance study conducted in 1996 and later surveys Property. carried out by MMRDA.. More details regarding such sites are given in the Rehabilitation Action Plan (RAP) for MUTP and Rehabilitation Implementation Plan (RIP) for the Project.

23 Environmental Audit of Bonvali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

5.0 Assessment of Environmental Mitigation Measures

5.1 Introduction

The previous sections described the changes observed in baseline environmental status and the environmental impacts during construction and operation stages of the project. This section is dedicated to the following issues: * Audit of the project site and activities to determine the extent of compliance with Environment, Health and Safety (EHS) mitigation measures defined in the earlier 'MLEA report and the 2Consolidated EA report for MUTP. * Determining adequacy of earlier EMP and Proposing additional Measures.

The stretch of the project from Borvali to Virar spans 26 km and includes 8 stations. The list of stations and distances in km between them is given in Figure 2 earlier. The broad components of the project, which are expected to have an impact on environriiental parameters are given below. Also the representative sites visited for assessing mitigation measures are indicated in bold below.

* Earthwork for laying of rail tracks between stations Study Site: Between Vasal and Nallasopara Station

* Construction of additional infrastructure at various stations such as New Plafforms and extension of existing platforms, Subways, Station building and Booking office, Foot over- bridges (FOB), Extension of level crossings, etc. Study Site: Vasal Road Station, Dahisar Station.

* Construction of maior and minor bridges at various locations Study Site: Between Vasai and Nallasopara

* Construction of Important bridge at Vasai Creek Study Site: Vasal Creek Bridge constructionsite at Bhayander

* Construction of miscellaneous structures such as drainage, boundary walls etc. Study Sites: Dahisar and Vasal Station

The EMP measures given in the earlier MLEA report of 1996 is appended in Annex 7. The audit was carried out by site verification, interviews vith contractors and concemed WR officials (Dy. Chief Engineers and Sie engineers) and review of existing documentation for the locations mentioned above. These findings are representatve and will apply for other similarlocations.

Micro Level Environmental Assessment of Quadrupling of Borivali-Virar Railway Tracks, Final Report, March 1998, AIC Watson Consultants Limited Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report for MUTP, Draft Final Report, MMRDA, November 2001 24 Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

5.2 Site Findings and Compliance for EHS Mitigation Measures

The environmental management plan including the mitigation measures for various environmental impacts and the itemised findings of the audit for various environmental mitigation elements for design, construction and operation phases of the project are given in Tables 8.1 to 8.3 respectively.

Column 1 of the tables gives the various environmental impacts. Column 2 gives the -EHS measures recommended for the project to mitigate the adverse environmental impacts. Column 3 gives the audit findings on site against the EHS requirements of column 2. Column 4 gives the responsibilities for implementing the mitigation measures.

25 Environmental Audit of Bonvali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (B VQR)

TABLE 8.1 Site findings and EMP Compliance Status (PRE-CONSTRUCTION / DESIGN STAGE) Environmental EHS Mitigation Measures Current Status/ Audit Findings Responsibility Impact Implementation Supervision Ecological impacts Trees to be removed, before Borivali to Bhavandar such as tree cutting commencement of construction, with 57 trees to be removed Application submitted to WR - Site Engineer WR- Dy. Chief and destruction of prior permission from Forest Officer as Superintendent of Gardens (MCGM) Permission pending. with contractor Engineer mangroves. required by the The Maharashtra (Construction) (Urban Areas) Preservation of Trees Act Dahisar to Mira Road Compensatory tree plantation for twice 10800 mr and 2330 trees of Avicinnea Marina has been the number of trees to be done by WR. removed.. Estimated density was 20 trees per 100 m2 . Earth This tree plantation will be done as per working in this section done. (More details of plantation the requirement in Tree Felling removed in Annex 5). Permission for tree cutting obtained permissions. An indicative plan for the from Mira Bhayander Municipal Council. (See Annex 4) same is given in Annex 5. Bhavandar to Naiaaon Compensatory Mangrove Plantation to 2700 m" and 540 trees of Avicinnea Marina will be removed. be done as per plan given in Annex Permission for tree cutting obtained from Mira Bhayander 5. Municipal Council. (See Annex 4)

Bhavandar to Virar 590 trees to be removed. Permission from Forest Dept. obtained.

** A follow-up mechanism for regular monitoring of mitigtion measures to be followed as per EMP monitoring and reporting in Section 6.3. and the inspection sheet and formats in Annex 11 and 12

26 Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

Table 8.1 Cont. Environmental EHS Mitigation Measures Current Status/ Audit Findings Responsibility ** Impact Implementation Supervision Utility relocation All utilities, such as electrical No major utilities such as water mains, telephone lines etc. installations, telephone lines etc. to be need relocation. WR - Site En6,..ieer WR- Dy. Chief shifted after prior approval of agencies. with contractor Engineer (Construction) Noise pollution The 1996 MLEA study suggested Noise Barriers installation of noise barriers (boundary Masonry walls of 2 m height will be constructed 3 m to 15 m WR - Site Engineer WR- Dy Chief walls) of 1.5 m height at sensitive away from centre time of the proposed track, depending with contractor Engineer receptors. upon the space available between the tracks and residential (Construction), locations. The walls will be constructed all along dense Noise reductions actually achieved from urban locations that exists mainly near station areas in this a combination of noise barrier and route - such as Borivali, Dahisar, Bhayandar, Mira Road etc. source reduction by introducing improved wheel/track systems should Barriers as mentioned above may provide the noise be monitored by regular ambient noise attenuation to some extent, however, it is doubtful that any monitoring programs at receptors. attenuation will be possible over the ground floor of existing structures. Also, the effect will be variable to a large extent Noise monitoring program as given in as residential and sensitive receptors will be located at Section 6.1.2 should be followed. variable distances from the boundary wall. Source Reduction Apart from hutment's (slums), a majority of the residential Noise reduction at source appears to be buildings near the track are 3 to 4 story high. It will be a more practical approach to address impractical to have noise barriers to this height all along the the noise impacts of BVQR. These tracks near the entire stretch of urban areas. should be implement by WR. A variety of sources are responsible for both the total environmental noise pollution of a passing train and its interior noise. These sources are the wheel, the rail, the track components - sleepers, ballast etc.

** A follow-up mechanism for regular monitoring of mitigation measures to be followed as per EMP monitoring and reporting in Section 6.3. and the inspection sheet and formats in Annex 11 and 12

27 Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

Table 8.1 Cont. Environmental EHS Mitigation Measures To Current Status/ Audit Findings Responsi ility** Impact be taken Implementation Supervision Noise pollution Cont. Cont.. WR is implementing a variety of track modifications, which is expected to result in reduction of noise. Some of the measures WR - Site Engineer WR- Dy. Chief which are being introduced in all new rail lines are- with contractor. Engineer (Construction), a. Use of continuous welded rails b. Rubber pads between rail and sleepers. c. 30-cm stone ballast cushion below sleeper seat, which will reduce noise by providing elasticity. V d. Construction of concrete bridges instead of steel bridges.

In addition to this, tenders have been floated for purchase of EMU's with stipulations of lower interior noise inside the EMU's and extemal noise. E.g. for a stationery 6-car train and all systems operating, the noise levels measured at a location 15m horizontally from the track centreline shall not exceed 65 dB(A). With train moving on grade with clean smooth rails at all speeds from 0 to 80 km./hr and during acceleration and braking, the noise levels on either side at 25 m from track centreline small not exceed 80 dB(A).

** A FOLLOW-UP MECHANISM FOR REGULAR MONITORING OF MITIGATION MEASURES TO BE FOLLOWED AS PER EMP MONITORING AND REPORTING IN SECTION 6.3. AND THE INSPECTION SHEET AND FORNOATS IN ANNEX 11 AND 12

28 Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar - Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

TABLE 8.2 SITE FINDINGS AND EMP COMPLIANCE .S-TATUS (CONSTRUCTION STAGE) Environmental EHS Mitigation Measures To be Current Status/ Audit Findings Responsibility Impact taken Implementation Supervision Generation of Dust All vehicles delivering material to the site Dumpers are not normally covered during movement. due to construction shall be covered to avoid material Dumpers normally move directly from the quarry to the Site Contractor WR- Site engineer activity spillage. While unloading material, fall site and mostly do not pass through urban areas. and Dy. Chief height shall be kept low to minimize The soils being transported is mainly murrum soil, Engineer fugitive dust generation. which have good moisture content and do not (Construction), generated much dust during handling. All dumpers to be covered by tarpaulin for preventing spillage on roads. Construction site - specifically approach This is mainly required at earth-working areas for laying and site roads, to be watered periodically tracks. As a technical requirement for compacting, the Site Contractor WR- Site engineer to minimize fugitive dust generation. road is watered twice a day (See Photo 14) and Dy. Chief Engineer Dust emission during construction activity was observed (Construction), to be negligible and the impact on nearby residential areas was insignificant. (Observations at Vasai earth- working area).

The public road to the south of Gammon India construction site and the construction site road is not being wetted and fugitive dust emissions are observed during truck movement.

All Earthwork and construction material Material is utilised immediately for earthwork, which is should be protected in such a manner so being done in a phased manner. Thus, such material Site Contractor WR- Site engineer as to'minimize generation of dust. storage piles were observed to be quite few. Moreovqr, and Dy. Chief material stored is murrum soil and stones, which do not Engineer generate much wind blown fugitive dust due to larger (Construction), particulate size.

** A follow-up mechanism for regular monitoring of mitigation measures to be followed as per EMP monitoring and reporting in Section 6.3. and the inspection sheet and formats in Annex 11 and 12

29 Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

TABLE 8.2 Cont. Environmental EHS Mitigation Measures To be Current Status/ Audit Findings Responsibility ** Impact taken Implementation Supervision Construction Exhaust emissions from all construction Pollution Under Control (PUC) certificates for vehicles is Vehicle /equipm- vehicles shall adhere to vehicle emission a legal requirement. Normally PUC certificates are Site Contractor *WR- Site engineer ent exhaust norms. available for the dumpers being used. Stiff penalties are and Dy. Chief imposed for not possessing a valid PUC certificate. Engineer Some vehicles at Gammon India Bridge construction (Construction), site did not have PUC certificates on them. Noise from All vehicle and construction equipment Dumpers have silencers. Excess noise levels was not vehicles, plants shall be fitted with exhaust silencers. observed during equipment operation. Site Contractor WR- Site engineer and equipment Damaged silencers to be promptly and Dy. Chief replaced by contractor. Engineer (Construction), All construction equipment (particularly Earth-working operations and other construction works DG sets, shall adhere to noise standards do not require equipment which generate high noise Site Contractor WR- Site engineer of Ministry of Environment and Forests. levels such as DG sets, drillers etc. DG sets are and Dy. Chief available at the Gammon India (contractor for Vasai Engineer creek bridge) site at Bhayander, but is not normally (Construction), used as power is available round the clock. Contractor shall ensure that noise levels Noise is currently not required to be monitored by the near residential areas are within the contractors. Site Contractor WR- Site engineer daytime and nighttime noise standards and Dy. Chief under the Environmental (Protection) Noise monitoring by SES, indicates that day and night Engineer Rules, 1986 and its amendments. time noise standards for residential areas could be (Construction), exceeded during hammering operation of metal It should be ensured by the contractor fabrication work at Gammon India site at Bhayander. that these operations are done only during day hours. Noise levels at other earth-working and miscellaneous works such as platform extension works etc. were found Noise monitoring at construction sites to be within limits. shall be done as per monitoring plan given in Section 6.1.1

** A follow-up mechanism for regular monitoring of mitigation measures to be followed as per EMP monitoring and reporting in Section 6.3. and the inspection sheet and formats in Annex 11 and 12

30 Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

TABLE 8.2 Cont

E:nvirunmental EHS Mitigation Measures To be Current Status/ Audit Findings Responsibility Impact taken Implementation Supervision Contamination of Silt fencing shall be provided at the base Only water body likely to be affected by contaminated creek water at of the embankment for the entire run-off is the Vasai creek. Site Contractor WR- Site engineer various bridge perimeter of any water body. and Dy. Chief locations and other Care to be taken that construction site Engineer water bodies such adjacent to the creek does not affect (Construction), as wells and creek water quality by discharge of slurry lakes/ponds. and construction debris, by providing silt fencing.

Construction material containing fine There are no water bodies of importance near particles shall be stored in an enclosure earthwork areas. Open sewage drains running near the Site Contractor WR- Site engineer such that sediment-laden water does not tracks were not observed to be affected as soil and and Dy. Chief drain into nearby watercourses. other material is used up immediately for the track Engineer foundation work and is not normally accumulated in (Construction), storage piles. Construction work close to water bodies Earthwork is not done during monsoon season. This is shall be avoided during monsoon. also a requirement of WR and a part of tender Site Contractor WR- Site engineer documents. and Dy. Chief Engineer (Construction), In sections along water courses and close This is followed. Flow obstruction is possible only at to cross drainage channels, earth, stone locations of major bridges (length > 2 m) across creek Site Contractor WR- Site engineer or any other construction material shall be waters. and Dy. Chief properly disposed so as not to block the Engineer flow of water. New plafforms have been built to allow free movement (Construction), of drainage water under the platform so that there is no flow obstruction and resulting flooding.

Drains have been constructed at stations to prevent flooding during monsoon season.

** A follow-up mechanism for regular monitoring of mitigation measures to be followed as per EMP monitoring and reporting in Section 6.3. and the inspection sheet and formats in Annex 11 and 12

31 Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadruping of Rall Project (BVQR)

TABLE 8.2 Cont. Environmental EHS Mitigation Measures To be Current Status/ Audit Findings Responsibility** Impact taken Implementation Supervision Ecological impacts All works shall be carried out in such a The ROW runs along side the existing tracks. Only such as tree cutting fashion that damage to flora is minimum. necessary trees and other vegetation is cut. WR - Site Engineer WR- Dy. Chief and destruction of All permissions for tree cufting (as given in with contractor Engineer mangroves Table 8.1) shall be obtained prior to (Construction), cutting of trees. Compensatory tree and mangrove Tree plantation plantation to be done. Tree plantation will be done as required by the Tree WR - Site Engineer WR- Dy. Chief Compesatormcutting permission from Tree Officer. WR also has a with contractor Engineer Compensatory mangrove plantanon tobe proactive plantation program as an on-going activity. (Construction), d. a pn Plantation targets are normally given. Track-side Track side plantation Tree and track side plantation to be done plantation is done wherever feasible on empty stretches. survey to be done by after conducting a detailed survey of the Also land near railway stations and other empty areas in external agency entire Borivali-Virar railway corridor. This the rail corridor are given on contract to private parties for appointed by WR. is needed since there are very little railway land available in the rail corridor growing vegetables. (see Photo 18 - area for for track-side and other plantation. The vegetable cultivation near Dahisar Station). survey should also consider opportunities for noise mitigation at sensitive receptors. Soil erosion On road/track embankments, slopes shall Currently the embankments are yet to be constructed. be stabilized by grass and other Embankment stabilisation is the responsibility of the Site Contractor WR- Site engineer and plantation. The work shall consist of contractor and is a requirement in the Tender document. Dy. Chief Engineer measures to control soil erosion and water (Construction), pollution, through use of dikes, sediment basin, grasses etc.

** Afollow-up mechanism for regular monitoring of mitigation measures to be followed as per EMP monitoring and reporting in Section 6.3. and the inspection sheet and formats in Annex 11 and 12

32 Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

TABLE 8.2 Cont. Environmental EHS Mitigation Measures To Current Status/ Audit Findings Responsibility** Impact be taken . Implementation Supervision Debris disposal Debris generated due to dismantling Current tender requirements ask contractors to of existing structures shall be suitably remove the debris from railway land The debris is Site Contractor WR- Site engineer and Dy. reused in proposed construction. Un- used as fill material in low-lying areas. Unusable Chief Engineer utilised debris shall be suitably portions are disposed by contractor in municipal (Construction), disposed either as fill material or at dump yards. pre-designated dump locations, approved by engineer. Care should All tenders for contract have been issued and it may be taken that the material does not not be practical for WR to track debris disposal block natural drainage or contaminate outside railway land by the contractors. However, a water bodies. check can be kept by WR as recommended in the EMP, by regular inspections.

Debris disposal Slurry or similar debris generated This was found to be discharging into the creek water from pile driving or other construction at Bhayandar construction sit' Site Contractor WR- Site engineer and Dy. activities shall be disposed such that Chief Engineer it does not flow into surface water (Construction), bodies or form mud puddles in the area.

Material to be collected / diverted from creek area and disposed as fill material. Procedure to be made in this regard and made a part of tender documents for future works. Loss oftop soil The topsoil from all areas of cutting Topsoil will be generated mainly from quarry areas. and all areas to be permanently Material is bought from licensed quarries. Normally Site Contractor WR- Site engineer and Dy covered . shall be stripped to a the licences require quarry rehabilitation. It is beyond Chief Engineer specified depth of 150 mm and stored the scope of work of the contractor to check on the (Construction), in stockpiles. rehabilitation plan at the quarry, which is being run by a separate quarry operator. The topsoil from the stockpile shall be used to cover disturbed areas and cut slopes and also for re-development of borrow areas, landscaping and road side plantation. _ ** A follow-up mechanism for regular monitoring of mitigation measures to be followed as per EMP monitoring and reporting in Section 6.3. and the inspection sheet and formats in Arnex 11 and 12

33 Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

TABLE 8.2 Cont. Environmental EHS Mitigation Measures To be Current Status/ Audit Findings Responsibility** Impact taken _ Implementation Supervision -Soil contamination Oil and fuel spills from construction Soil contamination was not observed. Small spills *by construction equipment shall be minimized by good O&M were seen near the Diesel storage tank at Gammon Site Contractor WR- Site engineer and wastes, fuel etc practices. India construction site at Bhayandar. Dy. Chief Engineer (Construction), Contaminated area to be cleaned by and Soils contaminated by such spills shall be disposed as per MOEF requirements.. Secondary containment such as dykes/ drip traus etc. to be provided for fuel storage tanks. General provisions for prevention of oil leaks and their clean up to be made a part of tender documentation. Land degradation in Sand and stones shall be sourced from only Material is sourced only from licensed quiarries. The quarry area. pre-approved and licensed quarries. It audited earthwork site at Vasai is maintaining official Site Contractor WR- Site engineer and should be assured that these quarries have quarry exit passes signed by District Collector office, Dy. Chief Engineer a quarry rehabilitation plan. for each truckload of material. (Construction), Adequacy of quarry rehabilitation plan needs to be assessed by the District Authorities while giving licences to quarry operators and is beyond the scope of the contractor. Health and hygiene Construction labour camps shall be located * Most labourers are local residents and are not S at construction away from the nearest habitation to avoid staying in labour camps. Labour camp (for about SDte Contractor WR- Site engineer and labour camps conflicts and stress over infrastructure 200 labourers) was only observed at Gammon Dy. Chief Engineer facilities. India construction site at Bhayander. (See (Construction), Photo 15) * The labour camp is well segregated from nearby residential areas.

** A follow-up mechanism for regular monitoring of mitigation measures to be followed as per EMP monitoring and reporting In Section 6.3. and the inspection sheet and formats in Annex 11 and 12

34 Environmental Audit of Bonvali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

TABLE 8.2 Cont.

Environmental EHS Mitigation Measures To Current Status/ Audit Findings Responsibility"* Impact be taken Implementation Supervision Heahh and The contractor will provide, erect These requirements are made part of the tender t-ygiene at and maintain necessary documents tender documents - Special Site Contractor WR- Site engineer and Dy. construction labour (temporary) living accommodation Conditions (Annex 8) and are also present in Chief Engineer camps and ancillary facilities such as General Conditions (No. 59) of railways (Construction), toilet blocks, potable water supply along with every related tender. etc. for labour as per the * The labour camp at Bhayandar bridge standards set by various labour construction site was observed to be well Act. maintained. Potable water is being made avaiable. 1 toilet for 8 people is provided. Sewage is treated in septic tanks and disposed via soak pits. The facilities were found to be adequate. It may be pointed out here that sewage from surrounding built-up area is discharged into the Vasai creek through open drains.

On completion of the works, all This is a requirement of the existing General temporary structures shall be Tender Conditions (No. 40) and the Site Contractor WR- Site engineer and Dy. cleared away along vath all contractors were aware of the requirement. (Construction), wastes. All excreta and other(Cntuio) disposal pits should be filled in and effectively sealed. The site should be left clean and tidy to the satisfaction of the engineer. Delays and The construction plan shall be The entire route is a separate route. All congestion on discussed in advance with construction is being done in a phased manner Site Contractor WR- Site engineer and Dy. tracks Westem Railway Authorities to and is not causing delays in existing train Chief Engineer avoid delays in existing train schedules. (Construction), schedules. I.I I I ** A follow-up mechanism for regular monitoring of mitigation measures to be followed as per EMP monitoring and reporting In Section 6.3. and the inspection sheet and formats in Annex 11 and 12

35 Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

TABLE 8.2 Cont. Environmental EHS Mitigation Measures To be taken Current Status/ Audit Findings Respon sibility** Impact Implementation Supervision Traffic Control and The contractor shall take all necessary measures * Several safety precautions have been taken for worker Safety for the safety of existing train traffic during and passenger safety such as: Site Contractor WR- Site engineer construction and provide, erect and maintain * Barricading near tracks and Dy. Chief such barricades, including signs, markings, flags, (Photo 16) Engineer lights and flagmen as may be required by the (Construction), engineer for the information and protection of * Presence of Flag man traffic. All such measures should as per * Restriction of working at night. requirement of Western Railway. * Barricading at works on platform (Photo 17) Special consideration shall be given in * Requirements are also specified in Tender preparation of traffic control plan to the safety of Documents. pedestrians (at railway crossings) and workers at * At Vasai earth-working site it was observed that work night. .instructions for safety during operation of equipment have been prepared and the operators' have been Safety and hazard posters and signs should be trained. (Copy of the an instruction issued clearly displayed at locations such as platform in the local language is given in Annex works, level crossings, Station building 9) construction areas etc. 9 * Safety and hazard signs and posters were not seen at the construction locations. Increase patrolling at stations and impose strict Interviews at Vasai road station revealed at that fines for stepping on railway tracks. passenger movement from outside roads onto the rail WR - Site Engineer WR- Dy. Chief corridor lead to many fatal accidents. ( Photo 19). with contractor Engineer Install large hazard signs at stations for public (Construction), awareness. Occupational Health The contractor is required to comply with all the Safety requirements are specified in Tender documents. and Safety precautions as required for the safety of An engineering work permit is made by Western Railway Site Contractor WR- Dy. Chief workmen. W.R. to assure procedure for work for each site for a period of 30 days, after inspection of Engineer permit is followed at all construction sites. safety conditions as per tender requirements. (Draft (Construction), procedure for safety of workforce and equipment are given in (Annex 10). This procedure was found at Vasai road earth working site. Gammon India Ltd. follows safety guidelines as given in ______their safety handbook for various construction activities. ** A follow-up mechanism for regular monitoring of mitigation measures to be followed as per EMP monitoring and reporting in Section 6.3. and the inspection sheet and formats in Annex 11 and 12

36 Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (B VQR)

TABLE 8.2 Cont. . Environmental EHS Mitigation Measures To be Current Status/ Audit Findings Responsibility"* Impact taken Implementation Supervision Occupational Health All laws related to safe scaffolding, ladders, These are present as tender Special conditions and Safety working platform, gangway, stairwells, (Annex 8) Site Contractor WR- Dy. Chief excavations, safety entry and exit etc. shall be Engineer complied with (See Annex 8). (Construction),

The contractor shall supply all necessary safety appliances such as safety goggles, helmets, safety belts, earplugs, masks etc. to This currentiy is not a tenaer requirement ano aii tenaers the worker and staff. This could be made part have been finalised for BVQR. .These measures were of future tender documents found to be present only at Gammon India Site. Gammon is an ISO 9002 company and personal protection devises are provided to workers.

Adequate precautions shall be taken to These are not being inspected. prevent danger from electrical equipment. All Site Contractor WR- Dy. Chief machines/equipment used shall confirm to the Engineer relevant Indian Standards (IS) codes and shall (Construction), be regularly inspected by the engineer.

A readily available first aid unit including an Provision of medical facilities on site (with respect to adequate supply of sterilized dressing material worker strength) is a requirement of General Conditions of Site Contractor WR- Dy. Chief and appliances shall be provided as per the Contract (Condition No. 59). Engineer requirements under the Factory Act. (Construction), First aid was made available at the major sites. All anti-malarial measures as prescribed by the Anti-malarial and anti-larval treatment is a requirement of engineer shall be complied with, including Special Conditions of Contract (Annex 8). Site Contractor WR- Dy. Chief filling up of burrow pits. (See Annex 8) Engineer This will be required at construction sites with labour (Construction), camp (at Bhayander bridge construction site). Water storage tanks were enclosed Sintex tanks. Open water storage areas were not observed on construction site.

** A follow-up mechanism for regular monitoring of mitigation measures to be followed as per EMP monitoring and reporting in Section 6.3. and the inspection sheet and formats in Annex 11 and 12

37 Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

TABLE 8.3 SITE FINDINGS AND EMP COMPLIANCE STATUS (OPERATION STAGE)

Environmental EHS Mitigation Measures To be taken Current Status/ Audit Responsibility** Impact _ Findings Implementation Supervision Noise pollution To track the benefits accrued from noise reduction at Operation of the lines is expected source from installing improved track, wheel and other by 31/12/2003. WR - Site Engineer WR- Dy. Chief mechanism, regular noise monitoring should be done as with contractor Engineer per monitoring plan given in Section 6.1.2 (Construction), Land and water The new rail lines are coming up next to existing lines. No contingency plan available. contamination from Contingency plan needs to be made for the entire District District Collector MMRDA accidental spills from by the District Collector. Emergency situations will need a goods trains combined response from many agencies and a specific plan as a part of this project is not envisaged. Rail traffic and safety Unauthorised building development to be checked. Slum Boundary walls are being encroachments to be discouraged. constructed at important locations WR - Site Engineer WR- Dy. Chief to check encroachments. with contractor Engineer Surveillance along railway boundary to be increased to (Construction), check encroachment and breach of boundary wall. Loss of mangrove Regular maintenance of track-side and other plantation Plantation will be done only after and track-side should be done. completion of construction WR - Site Engineer WR- Dy. Chief plantations activities. with contractor Engineer Plantation of trees and mangroves to proceed as per plan (Construction), (See table 8.2, pg 25 and Annex 4.) Monitoring of plantation to be done as per Annex 13 and Section 6.1.2.

** A follow-up mechanism for regular monitoring of mitigation measures to be followed as per EMP monitoring and reporting in Section 6.3. and the inspection sheet and formats in Annex 11 and 12

38 Environmental Audit of Bonvali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

6.0 Environmental Monitoring and Reporting

Ste visits and interviews have revealed the following facts related to environmental management organisation:

In the consolidated EA report for MUTP, MRVC was reported to be the Project Implementation Agency (PIA). However, Western Railway (WR) is the PIA for this project. MRVC is the coordinating agency to facilitate communication between MMRDA and WR. * WR has not been involved in any of the earlier EA efforts. Environmental mitigation measures identified in the earlier EA for this project and also identified in the consolidated EA are not available with WR. However, WR has incorporated certain EHS elements in the tender documents and is implementing the same, as seen in the earlier Table 8.2. * Environmental monitoring is currently not required to be done by the contractors. Apart from periodic safety inspections, currently there is no feedback mechanism for EHS elements of the project.

6.1 Environmental Monitoring Program

An environmental monitoring program was given in the earlier MLEA report for the project and the consolidated EA report for MUTP. Based on the impacts observed during the site visits, a site specific revised monitoring program is given in this section. The main objectives of a monitoring program are:

* To evaluate the effectiveness of the mitigation measures during the construction and operation phases. * To satisfy the legal and community obligations * To respond to the unanticipated environmental issues at an early stage and to verify the accuracy of environmental impact prediction.

The monitoring of R&R components is being covered separately as a part of another study. The critical components that need monitoring during construction and operation stages of the project include:

a. Ambient noise levels during construction stage b. Ambient noise levels during operating stage c. Ambient air quality during construction stage d. EHS mitigation measures as given in Tables 8.1 to 8.3 during operation and construction phases. e. Tracking of tree/mangrove plantation and survival rates

Comprehensive periodic site inspection programs for EHS elements and a regular environmental monitoring program will best achieve the objectives of monitoring described above for this project. This is covered in Section below.

39 Environmental Audit of Bonvali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

6.1.1 EMP Monitoring and Reporting during Construction Phase

6.1.1.1 Ambient Air and Noise Monitoring

Ambient air and noise monitoring shall be done at locations with possibility of adverse impacts due to construction activity. The construction is being done in phases and hence care should be taken that monitoring is carried out during the construction phase at the identified location. Monitoring shall be done by a pre-approved monitoring agency. Seasonal reports shall be sent along with the site inspection sheet as mentioned ahead. The program for monitoring is given in Table 9 below:

Table 9 Monitoring During Construction Phase. Component Parameters Locations Duration Frequency Responsibility Ambient Air SO2, NOx, Bhayandar 24 hr Once every PIA (Dy. Chief SPM, RPM bridge average season Engineer - WR) construction sample for (Summer, through extemal site at St. 2 Winter, Post- agency Soldier Public consecutiv monsoon), School e days a during the week for 2 construction At Vasai station weeks. period. building construction site

At residential location 200 m south of Mira Road station, facing upcoming rail tracks.

At Ayurvedic hospital between Nallah Sopara and Virar.

40 Environmental Audit of Bonvali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

Table 9 Cont. Component Parameters Locations Duration Frequency Responsibility Noise levels Leq (day) Same as above Continuous Once every PIA (Dy. Chief and Leq and 24 hour season. Engineer . (night) reading WR) through At residential with a extemal area near new frequency agency plafform of 10 constructed at minutes for Vasai station 2 non- consecutive days per week for 2 weeks.

6.1.1.2 Monitoring of EHS mitigation measures implementation

In the context of Railway projects of MUTP, an effective inspection program will go a long way to assure implementation of various EHS mitigafion measures for this project. The inspection program needs to be dove-tailed into existing programs followed by WR and the parameters for inspection, inspection schedules etc. need to be clearly defined. The existing institutional arrangement mentioned in Section 6.3 ahead will be adequate for the monitoring program. The EHS parameters to be monitored depend upon factors such as:

* EHS components affected * Construction schedule of the project * Environmental Mitigation measures suggested

Currently there is no inspection schedule for environmental issues at the construction site. However, certain construction sites (Observed at Earth-orking site near Vasai Station) are following a Work Permit program in which safety precautions at a construction site are inspected and the Deputy Chief Engineer (DCE-Construction) issues an Engineering Work Permit (EWP) for a pre-determined period. This permit needs to be renewed after the expiry date. This procedure, however, is not practiced at all construction sites.

Overall, the Borivali-Virar Rail project is about 25 % complete. Based on the site observations, level of awareness of contractor and WR staff, the following program and procedure is suggested for effective monitoring of EHS implementation at sites covered by MUTP project for Borivali-Virar Rail Quadrupling:

a. Monthly inspection program by WR for all BVQR project construction sites. The inspection will be carried out by DCE (Construction) In-charge of the construction site, or his representative. The formnat forinspectionwill be as perAnnex 11. The inspection will be carriad out duiang the entire period of construction activity

41 Environmental Audit of Bonvali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

including before start of construction and immediately after construction is complete

The completed inspection checklist shall be submitted by the concemed DCE to the Chief Engineer (WR). Corrective action plan with time frame for Implementation for any non-compliance to be also submitted.

(Separate checklists need to be filled in for separate works. However, a group of similar activities could be Inspected using the same checklist. E.g.- Findings of inspection of construction of station building, FOB, platform extension work at a station could be entered in the same checklist).

b. All site contractors to maintain log books and other documentation specified in Annex 12.

c. Copy of the completed monthly inspection checklist should be sent by the Chief Engineer (WR) to MMRDA every month for review. The Inspection checklist for a month along with the corrective action plan, if any, shall reach MMRDA no later than the 1i? day of the next month.

d. MMRDA to carry out independent 3rd- party inspection of various construction sites (the sample sites Indicated in this report could be visited at a minimum) every quarter during the construction activity and also after construction is completed to assess any residual environmental impacL A Project Management Consultant (PMC) should be appointed for this purpose by MMRDA. Review checklist given in Annex 11 could be used for this purpose.

6.1.2 EMP Monitorina and Reporting during Operation Phase.

Operation phase monitoring for this project is required mainly for the following: • Ambient noise levels to determine baseline levels and track improvements accrued due to implementation of source noise reduction. Ambient air monitoring is not suggested since the operation will not contribute to air pollution (Electricity driven trains). Also no impacts during operation stage expected on water quality and soil quality. • Health and survival rates of the compensatory and other plantation done by WR. • Monitoring of Rehabilitation and Resettlement (R&R) sites for the people displaced due to the project. This will be done as a separate exercise not covered in this audit report.

The monitoring program suggested is given in Table 10 below.

42 Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

Table 10 Monitoring Program During Operation Phase.

Component Parameters Locations Duration Frequency Responsibility Noise levels Leq (day) * Bhayandar Continuous Once every PIA through and Leq bridge 24 hour season extemal (night) construction site reading with (Summer,- agency at St. Soldier a frequency Winter, Post- Public School. of 10 minutes monsoon). for 2 non- * At residental consecutive location 200 m days per south of Mira week for 2 Road station, weeks. facing upcoming rail tracks.

• At residential area near new platform constructed at Vasai station

• At Ayurvedic hospital between Nallah Sopara and Virar. Tree and As per At plantation 6-monthly for mangrove Format in locatons 3 years. plantation Annex 13 survival rates.

43 Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadnrpling of Rail Project (BVQR)

6.2 INSTITUTIONAL SETUP

The construction activities of the project are being implemented by WR. The existing organisational structure of Railways for construction and operation phases is given below in Figures 3.1 and 3.2.

FIGURE 3.1 EXISTING ORGANISATION FRAMEWORK FOR WR - Construction

MMRDA - Apex Agency

MRVC - Coordinating Agency

Chief Engineer (WR)

Dy. Chiy. C hief Dy. Chief Engineer Engineer Engineer (Construction) (Construction) (Construction) Bhayander to Virar Bridge Borivali to Virar

Site In-charge Site In-charge Site In-charge

Contractors |Contractors |Contractors

44 Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

FIGURE 3.2 EXISTING ORGANISATION FRAMEWORK FOR WR - Operation Phase

|WorddBank 4-* MMRDA-ApexAgencyl

MRVC -Coordinatng Agency

Chief Engineer (WR)

Dy. Chief D Chief Dy. Chief Engineer Engineer Engineer (Construction) (Construction) (Construction) Bhayander to Virar Bridge Borivali to Virar

Assistant Engr. Assistant Engr. Assistant Engr.

In the consolidated EA report for MUTP, it was envisaged that the monitoring and reporting process for mitigation measures during construction should initiate from the contractor at the lowest rung who will report to the Project Implementation Agency (PIA) through the Project Management Consultant (PMC). PMC could be appointed for periodic 3r party review of the EHS elements for the remaining construction phase of the project (About 25% construction work is completed)

45 Environmental Audit of Bonvali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

6.2.1 Institutional Strengthening

For carrying out regular inspection for the EHS elements, the WR staff needs training for appreciation of various EHS elements. The training program proposed is given in Table 11 below:

Table 11. Training Program for Institutional Strengthening

Module Topic and Contents Duration 1 Environmental Awareness Class Room Appreciation of Environment, Health and Safety Training of 1 issues - Fundamentals of Air Pollution, Noise, day Water Pollution, Solid and Hazardous Wastes generation and handling etc. 2 Environmental Impact Assessment Class Room EIA fundamentals. Consequences of adverse Training of I environmental impacts on various ecosystems. day Typical environmental impacts of railway projects 3 Environmental Legislation Class Room Indian Environmental Laws and their application to Training of 1/2 Railway Projects. day 4 EHS Management System Class Room Components of EHS Management System in Training of 1/2 general and as applicable to Railway projects. day Methodology of environmental monitoring for air quality, noise etc. Site visit to any one railway Environmental monitoring and inspection programs construction as suggested in this report should be discussed. site for appreciation of Review of existing tender conditions and its various modification to include EHS elements for better EHS environmental management. components. I(1 /2 day)

The training should be provided at a minimum to the following personnel: * Deputy Chief Engineers (Construction) * Westem Railway Site In-charge of various construction sites * Contractor Site In-charge of various construction sites.

1 training program of 4 days as given above should be conducted every quarter to cover all concemed WR staff. The training program can also be integrated into the WR induction- training program.

Visits to country's having similar railway projects and with established and demonstrated EHS Management System, induding demonstrated measures for noise attenuation could be visited by concerned officials of WR. This will help tremendously in increasing awareness with WR and improve technical skills for EHS management.

46 Environmental Audit of Bonvali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

6.3 Estimated-Cost of EMP Implementation

As seen in the Tables 8.1 to 8.3, several EHS elements are already included in the current construction operation. Costs for these measures are already induded in the project cost. These components include provision of safety barrers and other safety measures, utility relocation, dust suppression by road watering, 2m boundary walls along tracks, compensatory plantation of trees etc.

Table 12 Cost of EMP Implementation Component Unit cost (Rs) Units Cost (Rs) Environmental Monitoring (Construction Phase) Air Quality 2500 per sample 16 samples per season x 120000 3 seasons = 48 samples Noise Levels (Leq 2000 per 24-hr Leq 20 samples per season x 120000 day and night) (1 sample) 3 seasons = 12 samples

Environmental Monitoring (Operation Phase) Noise Levels (Leq 2000 per 24-hr Leq 16 samples per season x 96000 day and night) (1 sample) 3 seasons = 48 samples Tree and mangrove 25000 per survey 1 survey every 6 months 125000 plantation survival for 3 years = 6 surveys rates.

Compensatory As per Annex 4 As per Annex 4 300000 Mangrove Plantation

Survey and Lump sum Lump sum 100000 preparation of track-side and other plantation plan in railway corridor.

47 Environmental Audit of Bonvali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

Table 12 Cont.

Component Unit cost (Rs) Units Cost (Rs) Training Program 40000 per program 4 programs per year 160000 of 4 days each. Visit to Railway Project sites 200000 per person 5 persons 1000000 in other countries with demonstrated Measures for Environmental Protection and established EHS Management System including noise attenuation measures - Locations to be decided after consultation with MMRDA and World Bank. Total Cost 2021000

48 Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virer Serene EnvimDnmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

ANNEX-IA

TERMS OF REFERENCE MUMBAI URBAN TRANSPORT PROJECT

TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR CARRYING OUT ENVORONMENTAL ASSESSMENT/ AUDITING OF'RAILWAY PROJECTS

I ASSIGNMENT:

The purpose of this assignm1ent is to assist Mumbai Metropolitan Region Developimient Authority (MMRDA) in carrying out an environimliental audit of various ongoing railways projects to determine how environmental Issues, if any, can be addressed at this stage of Droject implementation.

2 BACkGROUND:

2.1 MMRDA had appointed Montgomiiery-Watson Consultants (India) Pvt Ltd to undertake the preparation of the Environmental Assessment (EA) for the MLJTP. This EA process resulted in the preparation of Sectoral-Level Environmental Assessment (SLEA), Programmatic Level Environmental Assessment (PLEA) aLnd Micro-Level Environmental Assessment (MLEA) The SLEA was a strategic document, the PLEAs were prepared for small generic sub-projects like flyovers, ROBs: and-RUBs while MLEAs were prepared for larger sub-projects like road widening and extensionis. This study was undertaken between 1996 and :998 ancl Icsullelc In several outputs including a synthesized final iepoli

2 2 Gonsequently, almost all of these railway projects except DC to AC conve.sion have beeni started and are in varying stages of Implementation As the constiruction work of the project is already underway. consultants should assess the ctlrent and residual requirenments of environmental managemllent pra:tice Environimaental studies, which have been carried out for railway projects, ar2 as under -

a) Report of MLEA of Borivali-Virar Quadrupling prepared by Montgonmery- Watson Consultants (India) Pvt Ltd in 1998,

b) Report ot Initial Environmental Examination for Thane- Kurla 5th and 6th lines prepared by MMRDA in 2000-01.

The Consultant should use these reports as the basis to carry out the proposed environmental audit.

2.3 Some of the projects may also involve construction in areas, whici are class'illed as restricted areas untder Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Rules Hence, pernirissioni needs to be obtained under CRZ Rulies from the Minisi y of Fvtiv,ionment arid Forests. Governimlent of lno'a for sucIh projects Task 2 : Review Enivironmilenital Monitorinig Data

Conlsultant IllUSt visit the project site and observe any significant changes. if any since 1998 in environimlenital data to capture possible chianges in tile gioLid and corroborate thie changes fromil available secondary data wiltl possible implications oni envirornmental manaqeriient plans

Task 3 : EMP Impleinentationl

Consultant slhould undertake site visits to Construction sites to clheck status of implemiientationi of environmental mitigationi measures as proposed in the Environmental Manaaeinent Plan of MLEA repnort for the already completed and plainned works

Consultant slhould outline in a tabLilated forimat thie EMP proposed arid its status of imiiplemnentation

Consultants should suggest improvemenits in the implemilentation of Environillental Management Plan for completed and planned activities, if any based on the significant chariges- observed in thie envirotiniental baseline data

Tire EMPs and their ipiemiientation plans shiould be prepared in consultation and agreemiienit withi tthe MRVC and otlhir concr.rnnerl aq iCiCies

Task 4 CRZ Regulatioll

The consultanit should assist the MRVC in preparation of Application Formiat under CRZ Rules based on the available secoridary informationi fromz MLEA and Project (Design report arid otlher background studles ConLsultant shiould assist MRVC in obtaifliiig CRZ clearance fromii Ministry of Env;ionnient and Forests, Governnient of India for the proposed project

Task 5: Environimental Audit Report

Prepare Environmilental Audit report based on the above tasks, incorporatinig updated Environmlerital Managerimenit l'lan in case any significalit iipacts for various environmental parameters are obberved

3.2 To perforiti Errvironinriertal Audit for laying'of Santacruz antd Borivali 5tih line (17.80 Kmil)

3 2 1 The project at Santacruz-Borivali 5thi line hias ;-chieved 90% overall progress and a 4 92 Kml long section between Sa-tacruz-Arndheri has been already opened to rail passenger traffic Land acqt ,sitron has been completed Other civil engineering woiks hiave almost ber--i cc,nipleted. except one major brirlge and linkinig of 21Knrr of track on iliaiti lir;r ; id 5 60 Kin of loop litre Etilviioriiieiital Task 3: Environmenital Mitigation Measures

Consultant should undertake visits to Construction and Operation sites to identify if any cnvironmental mlitigatiorn measures ale required base(l on coiiipleted and planned works and delineate environimiienital management plan for this purpose Arn EMP miatrix giving the environimtiental impacts/issues, thie mitigationi measures the implementation and supervision authority for the EMP (which may be two different agencies), and thie cost imiiplications for each mitigation measure should be provided

The EMPs and their implementation plans should be prepared in consultation and agreemnent with the MRVC and other roncerned agencies

Task 4 : Environimiietital Audit Report

Prepare Environimiental Audit report for the present exercise based orn the above tasks.

3.3 To performii Environmilenital audit for laying of 5th and 6th line between Tliane anid Ktirla (17.0 kin )

3 3 1 1The project at Kurla-Thanie 5th arid 6th lines has achiieved 52 % progress Land acquisition for 30% of land has been completed Earth works, and works on minor and major bridges are in progress. The detailed Environmental Assessmenit was not prepared as under the screening of MUTP carried out by Monitgom1ery Watson, it was identified to have negligible impacts on the environmiiienit However, MMRDA and MRVC carried out Initial Environm11ental Screeninig (IES) of this project in 2000

3 3 2 The purpose of the Audit will be to:

- verify the implemilenitation of EMP delineated in the IES report as well as based on the MLEA report of Borivali-Virar Quadrupling project prepared bv Montgomery Watson Consultants, Mumbai

- assess the status of environmental impacts during ongoing construction and operation

- assess whietlher any environmiiienital mitigation measures are required based oni the onigoing arid completed works, if any

- document lessons that can be useful for fu'Jre lprojects

- mitigate environimiienital impacts on the m1arine '..ater quality, water flow due to conistrLICtiOn of bridges Task 4: Environimental Assessmeint Rcport

Prepare Environmental Audit report for the present exercise based on the above tasks

3 4 Tc perforim Environiienital Assessment of DC to AC Traction Conversion Project (1500 V DC to 25000 V AC)

3 4 1 The MRVC has proposed to undertake the conversion of DC to AC Traction so tihat the sub-Aur6an trains in Mumbai would be converted to tractioni of 25000 V AC from the present 1500 V DC The project would involve the provision of 18 DC sub-stationis (5 substations on Western Railwny and 13 sub-stations on Cciiii al Railway) in place of existin.g 69 DC subl) stalions IlIre dr.lailel Enlv;r iiei icr tal A\ssessmllent wals rot ca r red oult als iu l ticrlre sul r ni of M J I I canriec out by Montgomery Watson, it was identified to have least imipacts on the environm11enit M/s RITES as a part of feasibility study hiave identified. various environnmenital beniefits of the project The project will have 10 to 15 %Mlower consunmption of energy and lesser use of insulation maternls such as copper and Aluminurn which would have least impact on environment as compared to DC traction/ disposal of old DC transformers

3 4 2 The objectives of the environimiiental assessmient will be to

- assess whcthier any activity of tthe project will hiave rimpacts on thle environmiilenit SUCih as constructioln of sub-stations withiin coastal regulation zone

- propose proper disposal mieasures for the old DC tiansfomirers

suggest environmriiental maniagemilent plans . if required for mitigating elivilonnierintal imiipact

3 4.3 The detailed scope of work will be as follows

Task 1: Previous output and studies

1 he consultant should familiarize himself with the

- Components of the Project

- Final re:)oit otl Environimiienital Assessment for thie MUI P ororict preparerd by Montgoniery Watson Consultants, Mumbar

- Pro:ect Design Reports prepared by M1s RITES and MRVC iii. MLEA report of Borivali-Virar Quadrupling project prepared by Montgomery Watson Consultants, Mumbai

Iv Iniitial Environmiiiental Report prepared by MMRDA anid MRVC

v Enivironeniciital Stalus Rcports piepared by MCGI3 for tlic yeais 199G-2001

vi. Guidelines available (from the World Bank and elsewhere) on environmental issues related to electrical substation / transformers

5 REPORTING REQUIREMENTS

The Consultant will report to MMRDA and the following is the output schedule for each of tlhe four projects. The draft reports submitted by the Consultant will be reviewed and monitored by a Technical Working Group (TWG) constituted by MMRDA comprising of the representatives of MMRDA. MRVC, MCGM, and NGO

Inception Report 1st week 11 Interinii Report I 4tth week iii Diaft final Report 7tlh week iv. Final Report 8th week

6 DURATION:

The study should be completed within a period of 8 weeks. The total Consultant inputs for the above assignment is expected to be 6 person weeks

7 CONSULTANT'S QUALIFICATIONS:

The Consultant for the assignment shall have acquired a post graduate degree in Environmental Engineering with at least 7 to 10 years experience in preparing Environmnental Assessment reports, conducting Environmental Audits and gobd working knowledge of environmental management in related projects. Environmental Audit of Borivali - Vrar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

ANNEX-lB

LEGAL REQUIREMENTS LEGAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK

1. The project will be implemented within the Indian legal framework and will also comply with the safeguard policies of the World Bank. The applicable legal and policy framework is described below.

Applicable Indian Legal Requirements 2. The applicable Indian legal provisions are described in two groups one related to environment and the other related to resettlement. Legislation related to Environment.

3. There are various Acts, Rules and Notifications applicable for different environmental components such as Air Pollution, Water Pollution, Noise Pollution, Coastal Areas, Hazardous Materials Handling and Transport, Forest and Wildlife. In additFon, regulatory provisions by way of environmental clearance also exist. The applicable acts and regulations are listed below.

Environmental (Protection) Act. 1986 4. This is an umbrella act for environmental protection. Various rules and notifications are issued from time to time under the provisions of this Act. Environmental Protection Rules (2000) specify standards for ambient air quality whereas Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules. 2000 provide for the ambient noise standards in public places. However legal mechanism to achieve these are not explicit in terms of emission at source in transport sector except for the vehicle emission norms like Euro II or Bharat II that have been prescribed. The Environmental Impact Assessment Notification. 1994 (as amended in May 1997) make environmental clearance mandatory for 29 categories of developmental projects listed in Schedule 1 of the notification. Railways are not listed in schedule 1 and hence do not need environmental clearance. For other components under MUTP, MoEF has confirmed that environmental clearance EIA notification is hot required.

Coastal Regulation Zone Notification. 1991 5. The notification provides for determining certain areas between the Low Tide Line (LTL) and High Tide Line (HTL) and adjacent land ward area as the Coastal Regulation Zone and its classification into CRZ I -ecologically sensitive and coastal wetland between HTL and LTL, CRZ II - where development has already occurred and CRZ IlIl - the residual area largely rural in character. The notification also prescribes prohibited activities in CRZ and activities that can be taken up with the approval of MoEF. Reclamation being a prohibited activity cannot be undertaken in CRZ The Maharashtra (Urban Areas) Preservation of Trees Act. 1975 6. GOM legislation requires every local authority to constitute a Tree Authority. No tree can be felled without the permission of this authority. The Road development agencies will have to obtain the permission of the Tree Authority for felling of trees in the right of way and follow the Tree Authorities stipulations in respect of transplanting or compensatory plantation. Legislation related to R & RF

Land Acquisition Act 1894 (LA Act) 7. This act provides for compulsory acquisition of land for public purposes by paying compensation at the market rate with 30% solatium for the compulsory nature of acquisition and interest at 12 percent per annum from the date of notification of land for acquisition.

Maharashtra Regional and Town Planning Act. 1966 (MR&TP ActO: 8. The act provides for preparation of Regional Plan for the MMR as a whole and preparation of Development Plans (Master Plans) for the local jurisdiction of individual municipal authority like MCGM. The Regional Plan of MMR has been sanctioned in 1999 whereas the Development Plan of Greater Mumbai was sanctioned in 1991. The Regional Plan is policy oriented and strategic in nature whereas Development Plan is more specific and prescribes detailed land use zoning including designation of land required for public purposes, which can then be acquired in conjunction with the provisions of Land Acquisition Act. The act also provides a statutory framework for formulation and enforcement of Development Control Regulations. The sub-projects are required to be consistent with the Regional Plan and the Development Plan.

Development Control Regulations for Greater Mumbai 1991 (QCRs): 9. The DCRs set out the standards for building design and construction, provision of services like water supply, sewerage, site drainage, access roads, elevators, fire fighting etc. A separate set of regulations is included for the redevelopment or resettlement of slums, which are administered by the Slum Rehabilitation Authonty (SRA). Buildings procured for R & R have to conform to these DCRs. Up-front clearance of the entire project is however not required under the DCR. Approvals are to be obtained for individual scheme, as it gets prepared. 10. These regulations prepared under the MR & TP Act offer an alternative to acquisition under LA Act by way of Transfer of Development Rights (TDR). The permissible Floor Space Index .(FSI) defines the development rights of every parcel of land in Mumbai. If a particular parcel of land is designated for a public purpose the landowner has an option of accepting monetary compensation under the LA Act 1894 or accept TDR (equivalent to the plot area times the permissible FSI), which can be sold in the market for use elsewhere in Mumbai. The DC Regulations have been amended to provide incentives for rehabilitation (including resettlement of slum dwellers) in 1997. For landowners prepared to provide 225 sq.ft. dwelling units free of cost to slum dwellers, the incentive is in the form of right to build and sell floor space equivalent to that required for slum rehabilitation subject to the maximum in-situ utilization of FSI of 2.5. The remainder of the total development rights can be used as TDR. In case of land designated for resettlement of slum dwellers affected by infrastructure projects, the land owner has an option of offering dwelling units to the project implementing agency free of cost and getting the benefit of maximum of TDR equivalent to floor area calculated at FSI of 3.5 (1 for land and 2.5 for the built-up area). The Maharashtra Co-operative Societies Act 1960: 11. This act provides for establishing, registering and administering the co-operative societies Housing co-operative is a special form of co-operative society, where the land and building is owned by the co-operative and its members have occupancy rights of apartment occupied by them. Sale and purchase of such units can take place only with the consent of the society. This is a common form of tenure in Mumbai's apartment buildings and is widely understood.

Applicable World Bank Policies 12. Given that MUTP has been developed with the intention of mobilizing financial resources from the World Bank, project preparation has included a number of studies and assessments which have sought to address and meet the requirements of the World Bank's environmental and social policies, often referred as the 'safeguard' policies. The next paragraphs provide a summary overview of how these guidelines have been considered.

Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01) 13. In the context of the Bank's Operational Policy (OP) 4.01 on Environmental Assessment, MUTP has been classified as category "A" project, largely on the basis of the large number of people requiring resettlement and rehabilitation. Because of the large-scale resettlement and the triggering of more than one safeguard policy the project is also classified as 'S1" in terms of safeguard issues. A consolidated EA including SEA has been prepared that provides the framework for preparing sub-project specific EA and EMPs in compliance with the World Bank policy.

Cultural Property (OP 4.11): 14. The United Nations term "cultural property" includes sites having archeological (prehistoric), paleontological, historical, religious, and unique natural values. Cultural property, therefore, encompasses both remains left by previous human inhabitants (for example, middens, shrines, and battlegrounds) and unique natural environmental features such as canyons and waterfalls. The Worid Bank's general policy regarding cultural properties is to assist in their preservation, and to seek to avoid their elimination. 15. Mumbai with its history-of nearly three hundred years is rich in cultural property particularly in the form of built heritage. GOM and MCGM are acutely aware of the need to conserve such heritage. GOM in 1995 with the involvement of NGOs listed over 600 buildings and precincts as of heritage significance. DCR 67 govems the development of these listed buildings and precincts. GOM has also constituted a Heritage Conservation Committee in 1995 to advise the Municipal Commissioner regarding development permission to be granted in case of listed buildings and precincts. No development permission can be granted of the listed buildings orwithin the precincts without the consent of the Heritage Committee.

16. During the execution of works, if a chance find" of archaeological significance occurs, the contract requires the contractor to immediately inform the employer and stop furtherwork. Employer will in tum inform the state Archaeology Department for further investigation.

17. The only cultural properties that are directly affected by the sub projects are small places of worship established by the community of squatters within the right of way. These have been created by the affected communities for their own use. Such places of worship do not possess any historcal or architectural significance and may not therefore strictly qualify to be treated as cultural property. Neveftheless they are treated as an integral part of preparation of RIPs. The places of worship and other community assets are identified during the BSES. Their rehabilitation is being implemented as a part of the R & R process in consultation with the community. The impact on these properties and the manner in which such impacts can be identified can be classified in three categories. Firstly the buildings that are only partially affected can be helped to add equivalent area elsewhere adjacent to the building. Secondly structures that are fully affected by the right of way but are patronized by the community that is not affected by the project could be rebuilt outside the right of way in consultation with the community and with assistance of the NGO. In some cases the entrance to the structure could be reoriented to ensure safety of the devotees visiting the place. Thirdly the affected structures that patronized by the community being resettled could be relocated in consultation with the community. In addition, the community may agree to forego some places without insisting upon their resettlement. Natural Habitat (OP 4.04):

18. Natural habitats are defined as land and water areas where (i) the ecosystems' biological communities are-formed largely by native plant and animal species, and (ii) human activity has not essentially modified the area's primary ecological functions. All natural habitats have important biological, social, economic, and existence value. Important natural habitats may occur in tropical humid, dry, and cloud forests; temperate and boreal forests; Mediterranean-type shrub lands; natural arid and semi-arid lands; mangrove swamps, coastal marshes, and other wetlands; estuaries; sea grass beds; coral reefs; freshwater lakes and rivers; alpine and sub alpine environments, including herb fields, grasslands, and paramos; and tropical and temperate grasslands. Critical natural habitats include existing protected areas and areas officially proposed by governments-as protected areas (e.g., reserves that meet the criteria of the World Conservation Union [IUCN] classifications i.e. Strict Nature Reserve/Wilderness Area: protected area managed for science or wilderness protection; Il-National Park: protected area managed mainly for ecosystem protection and recreation; Ill-Natural Monument: protected area managed mainly for conservation of specific natural features; IV-HabitatVSpecies Management Area: protected area managed mainly for conservation through management intervention; V-Protected Landscape/Seascape: protected area managed mainly for landscape/seascape conservation and recreation; and VI-Managed Resource Protected Area: protected area managed mainly for the sustainable use of natural ecosystems. The conservation of natural habitats, like other measures that protect and enhance the environment, is essential for long-term sustainable development. The Bank therefore supports the protection, maintenance, and rehabilitation of natural habitats and their functions in its economic and sector work, project financing, and policy dialogue. The Bank supports, and expects borrowers to apply, a precautionary approach to natural resource management to ensure opportunities for environmentally sustainable development. 19. From this perspective one of Mumbai's notable natural habitat is limited to the 103 sq.km. National Park at Borivali, which is located in the northern part of the peninsula between the two rail corridors. The National Park is protected under the Indian Forest Act. None of the sub-projects passes through the National Park. The other important Natural Habitat is the coastal wetlands in the eastern and western suburbs and along the Vasai creek. These are protected by the Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Notification of 19 February 1991.

Involuntary Resettlement (OD 4 30)

20. The Operational Directive 4.30 describes Bank policy and procedures on involuntary resettlement, as well as the conditions that borrowers are expected to meet in operations involving involuntary resettlement. Planning and financing resettlement of projects are an integral part of preparation for projects that cause involuntary displacement MUTP will require resettlement of about 19000 households (68000 persons). The World Bank Policy on Involuntary Resettlement is therefore applicable to the project. In compliance with to this policy an R & R Policy has been prepared and adopted by GOM for MUTP. RAP providing the overall framework of policy, entitlements, consultative processes, grievance redressal mechanism, component costs and monitoring and evaluation mechanism has already been prepared. Sub-project specific RIPs are being prepared.

Indigenous People (OD 4.20)

21. This operational directive describes Bank policies and processing procedures for projects that affect indigenous peoples. It sets out basic definitions, policy objectives, and guidelines for the design and implementation of project provisions or components for indigenous peoples. The terms "indigenous peoples," "indigenous ethnic minorities," "tribal groups," and "scheduled tribes" describe social groups with a social and cultural identity distinct from the dominant society that makes them vulnerable to being disadvantaged in the development process. For the purposes of this directive, "indigenous peoples" is the term that will be used to refer to these groups. Indigenous peoples can be identified in particular geographical areas by the presence in varying degrees of the following characteristics: (a) a close attachment to ancestral territories and to the natural resources in these areas; (b) self-identification and identification by others as members of a distinct cultural group; (c) an indigenous language, often different from the national language;(d) presence of customary social and political institutions; and (e) primarily subsistence-oriented production. 22. About 1% of the PAHs of MUTP belong to the Scheduled Tribes. A field-based review was undertaken to determine if these PAHs were subject to application of this Policy since they might have originally belonged to tribal communibes in the distant past. As of now they are integrated with the city life and do not have their traditional habitat or follow traditional ways of life. More particularly, (a) they no longer have close attachment to ancestral territories; (b) they do not identify themselves or are identified by others as distinct cultural group; (c) they do not speak an indigenous language; and (d) they no longer belong to customary social and political institutions. There is also a general reluctance to reveal the caste or tribe particularly pronounced when data is to be kept in public domain. It was determined by the review that the social impact of the project on such people is therefore similar to that on other PAHs and thus the policy does not apply. No separate Indigenous Peoples Development Plan (IPDP) has therefore been prepared.

Other Safeguard Policies

23. World Bank has other safeguard policies dealing with Pest Management, Forestry, Safety of Dams and Projects in Intemational Waterways or in Disputed Areas. These are however not applicable to MUTP. Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling Project (BVQR)

ANNEX- 2

SITE PHOTOGRAPHS Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling Project (BVQR)

1. Earthwork for laying of rail tracks between stations

ext . pl_atform

2. Construction of additional infrastructure at various stations such as New., Platfors and nsion of esnt lt Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling Project (BVQR)

ZA 3.Construction of important bridge of 2.00 Kms length across Vasai creek

t - 4. Construction of miscellaneou - . ~~structures such as drainage

o-- 4a -;- -.-- -F

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'!, 5. Construction of railway /bresidential quarters Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadnupling Project (BVQR)

8 And 9 - Degraded Vasai creek shoreline due to garbage dumping, sewage discharge etc.

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K- ~~Y- - T. Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling Project (BVQR)

-~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 7 ~~~~~~~ - I ~'bLi

-~ -10. Small mangrove patch atbnkff of crek likely to be affected by project activity

-~~~~ =L.

II. Mangrove patch touching Vasai Creek at Naigaon end to be removed

- - , ,. i

-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.~

5-. . / 12._ ~Typical 8 built-up area /> ; , -- | adjacent to the rail corridor Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene EnvironmentdlServices Quadrupling Project (BVQR)

13. Typical Open areas between stations

14.oeraion oad aterng ear asaiStaion arthworkare

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14. Road watering.operation near Vasai Station earth-work area Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling Project (BVQR)

_, ti~~~~FRA IN

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15. View of Labour Camp At Gammon India Bridge Construction Site At Bhayander

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16. Track side safety barricading at Vasai earth working site Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling Project (BVQR)

3 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

9~~~~~~~*1

17. Barricading At plafform works at Dahisar station for passenger safety

1.Plantation At Dahisar Station Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

if'-

19. Passenger Hazard Due To Tress Passing On The Tracks Environmental Audit of Bonvali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

ANNEX-3 PUBLIC CONSULTATION DETAILS SUMMARY OF PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS

DATE VENUE TARGET AUDIENCE MEANS OF RECORDS COMMUNICATION MAINTAINED During CTS 1993 Conference Representatives of the Letters of Invitations List of Room, government along with Executive participants, MMRDA departments, local Summary of draft CTS Minutes of the authorities, project report. Meeting implementation agencies, consultants in the transport. During Sectoral EA June 2, 1997 Yashwantrao Representatives of the Letters of InvHtations List of Chavan government along with Executive participants, Centre departments, local Summary of EA report Minutes of the I authorities, - project were sent to individuals. Meeting implementation Telephonic Confirmations agencies, academia and about individuals the consultants in the participation transport and environment field. During R&R 1996 to 2002 All Sub-Project Project Affected Personal visits, List of Sites, Households, Local discussions, Meetings in participants, MMRDA Leaders, etc. MMRDA Photographs, etc. During Updated EA November 20, Conference Environmental experts, Letters of Invitations List of 2000 Room, Consultants, Academia, along with Executive participants, MMRDA representatives of Summary of EA report Minutes of the govemment were sent to individuals. Meeting departments, NGOs Telephonic Confirmations and of project about individuals implementing agencies participation and the World Bank December 13, Office of Project Affected Public Notices to leading Public Notices, 2000 Divisional Households (PAHs), English and Marathi List of Engineer, NGOs newspapers, Draft participants, Mankhurd Updated EA report, Minutes of the Executive Summary made Meeting, available at Public Photographs, Information Centres (PIC), Pamphlets, Pamphlets, Non technical Updated EA Summary of EA report in reports, English and Marathi were Executive distnbuted to PAHs Summary, Non through NGOs well in Technical I advance. Summary at PIC DATE VENUE TARGET AUDIENCE MEANS OF RECORDS COMMUNICATION MAINTAINED December 14, Yashwantrao The Cross section of Public Notices to leading List of 2000 Chavan Society, NGOs, English and Marathi participants, Centre Joumalists newspapers, Draft Minutes of the Updated EA report, Meeting, Executive Summary made Photographs, available at Public Pamphlets, Information Centres (PIC), Updated EA Pamphlets, Non technical reports, Summary of EA report in Executive English and Marathi were Summary, Non distributed to participants Technical Summary at PIC During Consolidated EA November 23, Mumbai Cross section of Public Notices in English, List of 2001 Marathi Society, NGOs, Marathi and Hindi to participants, Patrakar Representatives of the leading English and Minutes of the Sangh, CST govemment Marathi newspapers, Meeting, Mumbai departments, local Draft Consolidated EA Photographs, authorities, project report, Executive Pamphlets, implementation Summary in English and Consolidated agencies, World Bank Marathi made available at EA reports, academia and the PICs at MMRDA and Executive consultants in the Mankhurd well in Summary, Non transport and advance. Pamphlets each Technical environment field, in English, Hindi and Summary at Joumalists Marathi were distributed PIC. Records of amongst the general written public and in the project comments, affected areas through e.mail environmental and socialmesg, et NGOs. Public Notice and messages, etc Executive Summary kept mantaned on MMRDA's web site well in advance. November 24, Goregaonkar Project Affected Public Notices in English, List of 2001 English Households (PAHs), Marathi and Hindi to participants, School, NGOs, Representatives leading English and Minutes of the Goregaon of the project Marathi newspapers, Meeting, (WNest) implementation Draft Consolidated EA Photographs, Mumbai agencies, World Bank, report, Executive Pamphlets, Joumalists, etc. Summary and Non Consolidated Technical Summary in EA reports, English and Marathi made Executive available at PICs at Summary, Non MMRDA and Mankhurd Technical well in advance. Summary at Pamphlets each in PIC. Records of English, Hindi and Marathi written were distributed amongst comments, the general public and in e.mail the project affected areas messages, etc through environmental maintained and social NGOs. Public Notice and Executive Summary kept on MMRDA's web site well in _ advance. Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

ANNEX-4 TREE CUTTING PERMISSIONS vQte~~~~u tIAt/,s-olatZn.SMAw

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ANNEX- 5

MANGROVE PLANTATION PLAN ANNEX 5 TREE AND MANGROVE PLANTATION

1. Mangrove Status And Plantation Plan for BVQR

1.1 Mangrove Status along BVQR Line Site visits were made to the areas between Dahisar and Bhayandar and between Bhayander and Naigaon to assess the existing status of mangroves that will be affected by the BVQR project as compared to the assessment done earlier.

Dahisar to Mira Road

Earth working has already been completed for laying the tracks between Dahisar and Mira road along the eastem side of the existing tracks. The existing tracks originally consisted of mangroves on either side of the tracks. Earth working for the proposed tracks under BVQR has already caused the removal of mangrove vegetation along ROW on eastern side of existing tracks. The existing vegetation along the earth working area was surveyed. It is expected that the same pattem would have existed before the earth working was done along the track alignment.

The following Table gives the land-use and the status ot mangroves that have been or will be affected.

Section Chainage Condition and Type of Area of mangrove (m) Mangrove expected to removed and expected have been removed. number of plants removed Dahisar to Dahisar A distance of about 300 m Nil Mira Road. station to from railway station consists 3660 of residential buildings and hutments along the alignment ofX the railway track. No mangroves are expected to have been destroyed in this section.

3660 to This consist of degraded Nil 3860 grassy patches with swampy area. Neither trees nor people are to be displaced, hence no need of action. Land is also not available for treatment.

It may however, be suggested that this area may be considered for compensatory afforestation. Section Chainage Condition and Type of Area of mangrove (m) Mangrove expected to have removed and expected been removed. number of plants removed 3860 to Dense mangrove forest area of 340 m x 10 m (width) 4200 Avicennia Marina. Tall to = 3400 m2 medium size trees 3 to 8 m No. of trees affected = high. Average Density 20 trees per 100 m2. 850. Where tidal water is more frequently available, the trees have grown taller. The most common species is Avicennia manna, companion species are Excoecana agailocha and Sonneratia apetala which are unfortunately in very small numbers. Salvadora persica is also present on some parts of slopes. It is necessary to protecf this forest. Whatever part of this forest has been lost due to the project activity, may be made good by compensatory afforestation.

4200 to Degraded mangrove forests of 200 m x 10 m = 2000 m2 4400 Avicennia Marina. Tree heights No. of trees affected - 3 to 5 m. Average density 20 400 trees per 100 m2 Many patches of area cleared of mangroves by illegal cutting. Rampant cutting of mangroves was noticed by local population (hutments, villagers) for fuel wood. Mostly, the bigger trees are selected for cutting, as a result of which old trees with big trunks are not to be seen. Such trees show thick stump and branches starting from almost ground level. Section Chainage Condition and Type of Area of mangrove (m) Mangrove expected to have removed and expected been removed. number of plants removed Dahisar to 4400 to Mangrove scrub land of 540 m x 10 m = 5400 m2 Mira Road 4940 Avicinnea Marina interspersed No. of tress removed = with grassy patches. Tree 1080 height between I to 2 m. Average density 20 trees per 100 m2. This part of the ground gets wet during spring tides, rest of the time, it is moist but not flooded. As a result, plants do not grow into trees, but grow only as bushes 1 to 1.5 metres tall. Ground cover is almost 100%. Parts of this type of forest is degraded by wood cutters and the paths that they have made for access to trees for cutting.

Both the degraded forest and degraded scrub need to be upgraded by plantation of mangrove species that are common in that area.

4940 to At chainage 4940 a channel Negligible. Mira Road crosses the existing railway station. track. From here onwards only scattered bushes of Ziziphus (Ber), Avicinnea Marina and Sommeratia from 1 to 3 m height were observed. The area can be described as ______wasteland Total Area and Number of Trees Lost 10800 mz 2330 trees of Avicinnea Marina.

Bhavander to Naiqaon

From Mira road to Bhayander, no mangrove vegetation of significance is expected to have been removed. To compare the findings of the 1996 assessment site visit was made to the Bridge number 73 being constructed at Bhayander across the Vasai creek. The bridge will connect Bhayander and Naigaon located on the main land. The bridge will be discontinued and start again at Panju_Jsland located in the Vasai creek.

As observed during he site visit, the following patches of mangroves are expected to be removed: Section Condition and Type of Area of mangrove removed and Mangrove expected to have expected number of plants been removed. removed Bank of No mangroves will require to be Nil Bhayander cleared here. Bank at Bhaindar at the start has very low plant cover as the of Bridge side is already developed for a road, a huge residential area, an open drain from the residential area, a slip-way and land reclaimed in the early eighties for the then new railway bridge construction.

Both Banks Small patches of Mangroves will 30 m x 30 m x 2 (both banks) = of Panju be lost on both sides of the bank. 1800 m2 island. Mangrove scrub of Avicinnea No of trees = 360 Marina. Height of trees observed 1 to 1.5 m and average density 20 trees per 100 m2. Bank of Whatever denudation of 30 m x 30 m = 900 m2 Bhayander mangrove forest took place at that No of trees = 180 at the start time, is still visible. Natural of Bridge regeneration of Avicennia marina has been taking place and as of present, short(1-2m tall) trees are present in abundance and a large number of 2 year old seedlings are easily visible.

Small patch of Mangroves will be lost on the bank at Naigaon, where the bridge will end. Mangrove scrub of Avicinnea Manna. Height of trees are 1 to 1.5 m and average density 20 trees per 100 m2. Total Area and Number of Trees Lost 2700'm' 540 trees of Avicinnea Marina.

1.2 Compensatory Man-rove Plantation Plan

Site selection

* The site selected for mangrove plantation should be not less than a hectare in area. * The ground should be muddy (coastal alluvium). * The site should enjoy wetting by tidal waters. Better inundation facilitates lead to healthy growth of mangroves, tidal sweep confined to spring tides only, leads to stunted growth. * The area should be free of human interference, especially in terms of wood cutting activity and deposition/dumping of solid waste, including fecal matter. Dumping of municipal waste has to be prevented and movement of fishermen along the bank (especially with nets dragging behind them) has to be avoided. * The area should be free of industrial pollution, specially water-borne toxic effluents.

Treatment of site

A properly selected site does not require any special treatment. Irrigation is available from tidal water, which provides adequate nutrients for plant growth.

Where adequate flooding during high tide is not available, shallow channels (not more than 50 cm depth and 3 to 10 me wide) should be dug to facilitate movement of creek water. A few tides would help the mud along newly dug channels to take even, sloping shape that would provide ample space for plantation, as also ensure seedling survival.

Selection of Plant Species

Normally, species should be selected from the mangrove flora available in the vicinity, i.e. other mangroves in the neighborhood. This ensures two things-Availability of seedlings from the local stock and Avoidance of acclimatization procedure. The following species are recommended, based on field observations in different parts of the coastal area of Thane and Raigad districts and more specifically, along Ulhas river creek between Bhaindar and Vasai.

* Avicennia marina,(more than 80% of the total number of plants in the region) * Sonneratia apetala * Excoecana agallocha * Salvadora persica

Three other species are also present in the region and may be planted in suitable habitats for respective species. These are-

Sesuvium portulacastrum and Suaeda maritima, both creepers with fleshy leaves, are suitable for growing on degraded slopes along banks, somewhat above tidal reach. The third, Aleuropus lagopoides, is the grass species of saline moist grounds and may be encouraged to grow where it is not possible to plant other species. (Reasons-trampling, polluted grounds, etc.) Methodology of cultivafion

Avicennia marina seedlings (two-leaf stage) may be collected from the grounds below the existing patch of good trees of the species, during the month of July-August, in hundreds or thousands (as required) during low tide. The same should be planted immediately (next low tide, at most) in the intertidal region, by broadcast sowing technique. Number for plantation in this way should be decided on the basis of about 60% mortality. Altematively, two year old seedlings (8-15 leaf stage) should be collected from the same habitats and planted immediately, at 20-25 cm intervals (within and between rows) by manually piercing the soft mud with a stick or bamboo and pushing the seedling in the hole deep enough to cover its root system. Here, mortality may be expected to be less than 30%.

Sonneratia and Excoecaria may be cultivated from naturally available seedlings at plan community floor, during second half of rainy season. The seedlings need to be kept in nursery for a year to ensure its survival after plantation. Seedlings should be planted at 1 or 2 per hundred Avicennia seedlings, preferably after the latter are well established. Air- layering technique is also possible, but rarely practiced.

Salvadora mature fruits should be collected, sun-dried and germinated in nursery. One year old seedlings should be planted slightly above the high tide level at one meter intervals and watered slightly. Once established, the plants do not need aftercare.

Sesuvium and Suaveda are easily grown using root-bearing cuttings or their horizontal, creeping stems. Plantation is generally done on slopes above high tide level, on moist grounds.

Aleuropus is best grown by mass transplantation, i.e. by spreading grass-bearng clods of mud on required ground that is wet, exposed and not marked for any other plantation.

Once established, none of the above need further care, as long as there are no man- made (or other, like trampling by cattle, parasitism by slugs, beetles and worms, rarely, even birds) are operating in the area. Replacement with seedlings for perceived mortality is essential.

Cost of Dlantation and maintenance

Digging of channel in soft mud, 0.5 meter deep-Rs. per 10 running metres

Seedlings- Avicennia- Rs.0.20 per sdl (2 leaf stage) Rs.1.50 per sdl (12 leaf stage)

Sonneratia- Rs.3.00 to 4.00 per sdl. Excoecaria- Rs.3.00 to 4.00 per sdl.

Salvadora- Rs.3.00 to 5.00 per sdl.

Sesuvium, Suaeda, Aleuropus- Mostly labour cost only. Transportation -As per distance needed to transport seedlings.

Personnel -Supervisor (Mukadam)-1 per 5 hectares (planning, account-keeping and supervising all aspects of work)@

Labour -10 persons for 10 days @ govt. approved rates as per minimum wages.

Maintenance -Hardly any maintenance is needed once plantation is complete. Hence maintenance will mainly consist of ensuring protection to the site and replacement of seedlings suffering mortality.

All costs are extremely variable, since standards for this type of work ear still to be established. Land for plantation shall be acquired from State Government. AlF plantation activity shall be carried out by Westem Railway / MMRDA with help of external agencies. Forest Department of Thane can be contacted for carrying out plantation activity.

The estimated cost of -plantation of mangroves will be Rs. 300000. These costs however will be variable depending on the selection of land.

The plantation shall be done by MRVC in consultation with MMRDA and World Bank. 2. Tree Plantation Guidelines

Plantation is being done by WR along the tracks and at other places wherever adequate space is available. Due to urban sprawl space availability on railway land is limited in the rail corridors. It is suggested that a detailed survey be done all along the rail corridor to determine availability of space for track side and other plantation, selecting the spaces for such plantation also from the view point of exploring opportunities for enhancement of area and noise attenuation at sensitive receptors.

Plantation along newly laid rail tracks is suggested of two types.

1. Whenever the land is level, the same may be planted for vegetables by railway employees, as is being done at present in the suburban section of the Western railway. Outer margin of the vegetable plots may be lined with bushes and trees. The trees suggested are - Agast, Asupal, Mango, Drumstick, Jamun, Raintree etc. 2. Wherever the embankment is slopping in nature, the slope should be cultivated with grass, for stabilization of the slopes. Lower (outer) part of the slope should be lined with trees, at a distance of 10 m. The trees suggested are the same as presently exist in similar areas, especially the indigenous ones i. e. Mango, Drumstick, Agast, Aqun, Pipal, Banyan, Ber etc. Environmental Audit of Bonvali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

ANNEX-6

PROOF CRZ CLEARANCE APPLICATION MADE TO STATE GOVERNMENT / MOEF ~~~~~~o ~:t 9 r ~~ f~/'*k'e4 ~qk-roi f ~~

SW ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~( r.-t tqwqu gvr-.

~~No.MRVCIWP33 , d2.Ia 21X2~~

~~Deuty Secretary FViro ramtnc-t Dp f-~~

~~New Administrativc Bid- 2 b oo:;crtAia.?2t= w4 MUnbai.- 400 032.~~

~~(KLid Atu: S;h1 : Sueni I~~

Sub: Cie&jancc undrct'e NlotiLatio of R-ea!iR mon Zorc (OI Z) i1991 for Biiyanter-VL*riir addfibtWo pwr off-thneg,~rdM k UVt:1M. ot . I tour Ieui NO. ENV. O99f5 1 SRJUP2130tIM dite 22-r- pMbibv 2000. (2) Addl Dircctfo, Minjryp ofE am t & Fislc#a No. T-20011/8/99-IA- El dafted June 14, 200 addresd ta P- .MUh (p(COPY enclosed)

Bi re reacc to abow. the prpo'l fliyr C1are re anm a.-L te Coagtal Rog Zone NoOki4jn. !991 is sent -ere-MAi faoc"Min- mmmquy appmal. Yt "miuAtciod Q, onna-ve f&i &-msumE Ai7,,:-I wNca wM opies of Emfm viuzn~ctal A,s-eSmett Roepot oGf the cake &Vuoge

~~T' si again catified 6,§a the p consts of Wg =' - fint r=-"i tra fa wgf railway rlkes botmeen B iii-Vk-aw indAbbIg a vtz-d- oVAsi creek parallt ad sirdiar to the exisdnm Vasai Creek bridge.~~

~~~~4-Chif ngie~~

~~DA' 27 copms of sumid-csir & EA 1Dep-oa~~

~~occ 'r S Vilk Th-idwgkxva :J U(E 'OrMRA jpjoriu7Liip Dka e, Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (B VQR)~~

~~ANNEX-7~~

~~COPY OF EMP'S FROM MLEA REPORT OF 1996 MMRDA -EnvironmentalAissessment of MUTP-II~~

~~SECTION - 4~~

~~MITIGATIVE MEASURES~~

~~4.1 GENERAL~~

The prediction and assessment of likely imipacts of the proposed were discussed in the previous section. The adverse impacts mentioned therein need mitigative measures so as to minimise their intensity to acceptable levels. The required mitigative measures are discussed below.

~~4.2 AIR POLLUTnON~~

~~Air, pollution due to the proposed project will be only during construction activities. Following mitigative measures are suggested to control air pollution:~~

~~a. For mobile source emissions~~

~~i~ Constructions requiring street closings shal! be carried out during off-peak hours, especially in case of level-crossings.~~

~~ii. Idling of delivery trucks or other equipment should not be permitted during periods when they are being unloaded or are not in active use.~~

iii. Concrete will be supplied from an on-site batching plant in order to reduce travel distances of concrete delivery trucks. But trucks carrying cement, gravel, sand will have to travel to site and may cause dust. Instead ready mix concrete carried in enclosed container may be better quality as compared to on site batch mixing.

~~iv. Dust covers should be provided over the trucks which will be used for transportation of material prone to fugitive dust emission.~~

~~b. Forstationary source emissions~~

~~i. All stationary equipment shall be located as far away as possible from sensitive receptor locations in order to allow dispersion of emitted pollutants.~~

~~ii. Areas prone to fugitive dust emissions such as demolition, excavation, grading sites and routes of delivery vehicles across areas of exposed earth, should be frequently watered to suppress dust.~~

~~BUJTPBVQI.AV 38 MLEA of Bbr't-ali Virar Quadrupling MMRDA -Environmenial Assestment of MUTP.II~~

Apart from these, the equipment/machines and vehicles will be always kept in good state of repairs to minimise emissions. Low emission construction vehicles/ equipment will be used wherever feasible. Construction areas should be enclosed, whenever possible.

~~4.3 NOISE POLLUTION~~

~~4.3.1 Construction Phase~~

~~Construction Contract Specifications should provide for use of equipment generating noise of not greater than 90 dB(A).~~

~~ii. Construction Contract Specifications shall stipulate levels of maximum noise emission in various zones ( residential, commercial and sensitive) based on CPCB Noise Standards.~~

~~iii. High noise generating construction activities like drilling, blasting, compacting etc. shall be carried out only during day time in residential areas and dunng non-teaching hours near schools.~~

~~iv. Installation and maintenance of mufflers on equipment is recommended.~~

~~4.3.2 Operation Phase~~

As described in section 3.5 rail-traffic generated noise is predicted to be high i.e. exceeding noise standards for residential area during day as well as night time upto maximum of 100m from ROW. There are three hospitals and one school along the tracks which fall under 'sensitive' receptor category from noise pollution point of view. The noise standard during day time for sensitive receptors like schools, hospitals etc. is 50 dB(A) during day time and 4OdB(A) during night time. In order to attenuate noise levels at these receptors, a wall barrier is recommended to be constructed. As explained in section 3.5 he maximum increase in noise levels at these receptors over the background noise could be 1.7 dB(A). The level of noise that can be attenuated by various wall heights at these receptors are given in Table 4.1.

Thus, for all the hospitals, a wall of 1.5 m height is recommended to be constructed along the boundary of the premises of each of these hospitals, which will attenuate noise level of about 9.9 dB(A). However, no wall barrier is required at the school between Nalla Sopara as there is no impact of railway noise at this receptor during day-time.

~~With the implementation of above mentioned mitigative measure, the contribution of EMU trains to the noise levels can be attenuated effectively as shown in table 4.2.~~

~~u1(rII'UvQj 39 Aft.L4 of Bonra (lt Virar Qutlruplinig AfMRDA-Envir;nmental A rsess",int (if Af UTI'.II~~

~~Table 4.1~~

~~Noise Attenuation by Wall Barrier of Different Heights~~

~~Sri' R tr Locapocn- Distance; Noise Attenuation dB(A)- Not < ~ -v fionz s 'e~~

~~ROW______s 9@~~

~~______V ira r______4. School Betn. 250 5.6 7.9 9.8 11.3 12.4 Nallasopara & _.Virar ______~~

~~DL,TITVQI AV 40 ,V1LEA of inoivalt Vertir Qw,dIriphng MAt9. RDAtEnvI ronlnewral Assessni,en of AiUTP -II~~

~~Table 4.2 Attenuation in Noise Levels Achieved by Recommended Wall Height~~

~~Sr. Receptor Locatiorl., PrecUicted Re(kujlred RecommenOd -- Attenuation Trafflc- ResultantNJolse Excess over No.,w . traBif Induced attenuation wall a kgrouo.~~

~~NoI Level1 to ra6,"h ."' jin,413(Al, K baJg-rOufl: -i~~

~~t 4 No. tr^t IntSe b -e~,d-,' A.' . ia * *-: i'ndue 4ie NiatR $)CT}aEiA sxjh 'dig SC'SRat'< lh~~

~~______~~~~Day igh C BA~'n Ž ' ~l'htf -,DiyW% flgbV Day Night~~

~~1. Hospital Betn Dahisar 50 44 1 1.5 9.8 40.2 34.2 68 53~~

& M ira Rd. ______2 Hospital Betn. Mira rd 50 44 1 1.5 9.8 40.2 34.2 68 53 & Bhayandar 3. Hospital Betn- 55 50 7 1.5 9.9 45.1 40.1 68 53 Nallasopara & Virar 4. School Betn. 47 41 0 - - 47 41 68 53 Nallasopara & Virar I I I

~~Noise standards for sensitive receptors: Background Noise levels:~~

~~Day time (Leq) : 50 dB(A) Day time (Leq) : 68 dB(A)~~

~~Night time (Leq) 40 dB(A) Night time (Leq) : 53 dB(A)~~

~~Refer Annex - IV~~

~~41 MLE4 nf flonoali 17 _t (-...:- MMRDA-En vironmentl A.rsc.'snenf o AIUIP-1ll~~

~~4.4 COMPENSATORY AFFORESTATION AND TRACKSIDE PLANTATIONS. --- 12 4.4.1 Compensatory mangrove plantation~~

~~Major loss of mangrove will be in case of the species Avicennia manna .s explained earlier.~~

In order to compensate for the loss of well-grown as well as degraded plants, total number of individuals of Avicennia marina to be planted is recommended to be 17000 i.e. twice the number of well-grown plants that will be lost. The recommended density of plantation is 250 per 1OOm 2. Thus, the area required for plantation will be 6800 M2.

Beyond Dahisar upto Nalla Sopara, excluding elevated station areas like Mira rd. & Naigaon, a belt of 40m (approx.) on eastern side is available for ,mangrove cultivation because spring tides reach upto these areas.

~~4.4.2 Trackside Plantation~~

The trees (about 430) which would be lost due to land clearing under the proposed project should be compensated by planting trees on the eastern side with at least 8m clearance from the outermost track. For this, at least 15m wide extra land will have to be acquired. The species suggested are Wad, Pimpal, Jungli Badam, Amba, Bitti, Kanher etc. This will also help in noise attenuation.

As far as possible, old & big trees within ROW should be conserved. The branches of these trees which may cause hindrance to movement of trains can be removed scientifically so that the tree is not allowed to bleed by branch-cutting. this can be done by smoothening the cut-surface with Sand- paper and coating it with resin.

~~4.5 SOIL EROSION~~

As explained in earlier section, soil erosion is likely to occur over newly formed embankments as well as slopes formed by cutting, soil erosion will subsequently lead to silting of nearby water bodies and hence it is necessary to minimise these impacts. The guidelines for prevention of soil erosion and land degradation are given below for this purpose.

~~Guidelines Indicating Measures to Prevent Soil Erosion and Land Degradation~~

~~All slopes in cut and embankment section shall be made stable to avoid slides and shall be provided with benches, pitching. breast walls etc.~~

~~ii. All slopes with soil surfaces shall be either pitched or turfed.~~

~~B(ITPIBVQI AV 42 mtLFA (ifBorwilt V,,r,r Q,,adruplting AIIRDA..Environniental Asessnment of At UTP-II~~

iii. In areas susceptible to significant erosion, earth work shall be carried out sufficiently in advance of monsoon season, and temporary or permanent erosion protection work as may be feasible shall be provided.

~~iv. Only controlled blasting techniques shall be resorted to.~~

~~v. Drainage of water from road surface and lands along the alignment shall be planned to avoid flooding and high velocity flows be properly linked to natural drainage system.~~

~~vi. All culverts and bridges shall be so designed as to avoid silting at inlets and erosion at outlets. Energy dissipation works shall be provided wherever necessary.~~

~~vii. All areas within the right of way except carriage ways and shoulders shall be planted with trees or grass.~~

~~viii. The Geology Department and Forest Department of the State Govemment shall be consulted before finalising measures for minimising soil erosion.~~

Apart from the above-mentioned general guidelines, special care will have to be taken in case of transportation of construction material like murrum, soil and ballast, enormous quantities of murum, soil, ballast, etc. would be brought from quarries. It is recommended that it should be transported by railway as far as possible to the respective sites. If the road transport is unavoidable, it should be done during off peak hours.

~~As explained earlier, quarrying operations will cause various adverse effects on the surrounding environment. The mitigative measures proposed for the same are tabulated in Annex - II.~~

~~4.6 RESETTLEMENT & REHABILITATION~~

The proposed project involves rehabilitation of 1405 families. The task of resettlement and rehabi;itation should be complete befpre the commencement of the project. Provision of clean drinking water, sanitation, proper drainage and immunisation, at new locatiQns as well as monitoring of morbidity and mortality of the dislocated population are the minimum mitigative and monitoring measures that need to be taken.

~~4.7 SUMMARY OF MITIGATIVE MEASURES~~

From the above, it will be seen that all the environmental issues can be resolved, if the suggested mitigative measures are properly implemented as a part of the project both during construction and operation.

~~t?ULTPBVQ I A V 43 AfLEA ofBortialt Vrrar QuadIrutpling SECTION 5 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN MMRDA-Environmental Asssessment of MUTP.II~~

~~SECTION 5~~

~~ENVIRONMENT-AL MANAGEMENT PLAN-~~

~~5.1 OBJECTIVE OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP)~~

~~The objective of prepanng Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is to formulate measures the irrolementation of which will:~~

~~i) mitigate adverse effects on various environmental components and resources as have been identified in the EIA study,~~

~~ii) protect environmental resources where possible,~~

~~iii) enhance the value of environmental components where possible.~~

~~EMP also includes a plan for montoring so as to enable evaluation of the success or fa lure of environmental management measures, and reorientation of the plan if found necessary.~~

It is emphasised that many of the protective and enhancement measures can be implemented by adoptng suitable planning and design criteria for the construction of the project Further it is necessary that the resources required for the mitigative/protection. enhancement measures as also for monitoring are provided for in the cost es-mates of the project, so that theif implementation is ensured.

~~5.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN~~

~~In order to implement var.ous mitigative measures summarised in Table 5.1 and 5.2, following EMP is suggested.~~

~~During initiation phase, One special officer with suitable background should be appointed to deal with the task of resettlement & rehabilitation.~~

In construction phase, contractor as well as project-in-charge will be responsible for implemenzng all the mitigative actions to be taken during construction period as given in Table 5.1. During construction, monitoring of air and noise should be carried out in order to check compliance with the contract document by contractor. Provision of adequate traffic signals and sign-posts at various locations.includinc level-crossings should form a part of main project only.

~~BrUTPBVQI:AV 44 AfLEA of Borivlat V(rar Quadrupltig MURDA -EnvironmentalAssessmcnt of MUTP II~~

Planting of exposed areas, track-side plantations and compensatorv afforestation should be' initiated during constructions phase only. In operat!onal phase, the work shall be continued alongwith post-monitoring of planted ar2a.

~~Construction of noise barriers will be executed in construction phase only.~~

~~Rehabilitation and restoration of abandoned as well as existing quarries shall be carried out immediately after quitting the particular quarry.~~

~~Looking after development and maintenance of compensatory afforestation and road side plantations shall done by Railway Maintenance Deptt. with the help of Forest Deptt./Parks and Gardens Deptt..~~

~~An officer should be identified to ensure monitoring as explained in the next section.~~

~~Post-rehabilitation audit shall be performed in order to see if the relocates are facing any problems, and if so to suggest measures for tackling the same.~~

~~The above mentioned, officers should be provided with adequate supporting staff and equipment.~~

~~The details of cost-estimates for the Environmental Management Plan are presented in Section 5.4~~

~~BUTPBVQ).AV 45 MLEA of Bonvalt Virar Quiadruping .t11R/J 1-tnr ironm,enal Assessnient of MUTP-/I~~

~~Table 5.1 Mitigative Measures during Initiatlon/Construction Phase~~

Sr. Affectecr- Likielyadverse ; r6oi Mi.-a1vo a *tred . _ _ No Environmental impbcts in the absence,- of( Im-I b6i.t (1qV A>rn7%plermxftfln Parameters ive rneaypiie .< =, >2A. h 1 Residents of the Inadequate compensation, Significant and Provisloh of dean drinking water,,sanitation, proper drainage and other Railway1 area to be Inadequate utilities in Permanent basic infrastructure; including public health fadlities. rehabilitated rehabilitation area, relocation R&R as per Govemment of Maharashtra R&R Policy trauma and infections, diseases in new location 2 Air Quality Increase in levels Significant Stabilisation of dust prone areas by sprinkling waters Contractor of No, & SPM, Dust hazards but temporary Use of dust covers over construction materal du_ng transportation Keeping all equipmenthvehicies ingood state of repairs On-site concrete batching plant - Prohibition of unnecessary idling of trucks Construction requiring heavy traffic street losing during off-peak hours Enclosing construction areas if possible Keeping all stationary equipment downwind and away from residential area and sensitivereceptors 3 Noise Increase in noise levels causing Significant but Prohibition for use of equipment emitting noise of not greater than 90 dB(A) Contractor for the 8 hour operation shift nuisance to nearby residents. temporary Curfews on hours of construction near sensitive receptors like hospitals and schools. Installation and maintenance of mufflers on equipment 4 Land Degradation of land by erosion. Significant and Stabilisation of all slopes alongwith provision of benches, pitching. breast walls etc. loss of top soil, silting of water Permanent Planting shrubs, grass or trees on slopes and surfaces exposed due to excavation or filling courses, flooding etc. Dumping surplus excavated material in low lying areas with proper compaction and planting the surfaces with grass/shrubs Rehabilitation of quarries Avbiding earthwork during monsoon Provision of adequate C.D. Works RiAKway .~~~~~~~~~~l11.1nh _aloyf.z{z-. 1 co!i-1411 S11111.1111 .111(1 compuloslin lmy lVialllrsxvit) a1islilt.lim 1tU3).kg1.1tod ._. p.a _ l ia;O Mallgrove c11ld witti liangrove vegetation pernanent track-side trees ______i Ccn;rastor . u (l(ce- t - -increa -n _ __ -Signilia ErosionEni protection measures as given in 3 quality turbidity but temporary __ _ = -I

~~p f!j1V;O, 4V 4f6 AtLE4 of oninI VorQ.uer .rpVia t.llR/) I I/w,ron,nenral.I Issesvtent f AMUTP-1I~~

~~Table 5.2 Mitigative Measures during Operation-Phase~~

Proposed Mitigative Measures Sr. Affected Likely adverse Nature of Implementing Environmental Parameters impacts in the absence Impact Action to be taken No authority of mitigative measures _ . (to be done during construction Railway 1 Noise increase in noise level Significant and Constnrction of wall-barrier its maintenance affecting . human Permanent phase only). Track-side plantation and habitation adjacent to the roadway track, C.D. works and road-side Railway 2. Erosion and land Degradation of land by Significant and Regular maintenance of degradation erosion, plantations loss of top soil, silting of Permanent water courses, flooding etc. . track Railway 3 Surface water quality Increase in Insignificant*, Regular maintenance of turbidity and Permanent & track-side trees plantation Raitway 4 Loss of Mangrove and Loss of marshy area Significant and Compensatory mangrove track-side trees covered wilh mangrove Permanent vegetation Planning 5. Land use Induced Significant Controlled Development Development and Permanent Overall development of rural area td improve local economical Authority conditions

Health & Health problems Moderate & As given in 1 6 Public Contractor Safety due to noise pollution Permanent Provision of adequate trafric signals, sign-posts/road-crossings, etc. Railway Railway 7. Rehabilitated People Inadequate Significant and Post audit of rehabilitated area compensation, Inadequate utilities in Permanent Monitoring of morbidity and mortality of the dislocated population rehabilitation area, (Govemment of Maharashtra Policy) relocation trauma and infections, diseases in new localion

~~ofRor:vais Virar,:,Qtn,d ru' V(fltAVO',av 47/WLEA MfRDA-4.n-'irma,nenaiasessn~e. el/Afr UUTP-11~~

~~5.3 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING~~

During operational phase it will be necessary to monitor noise levels Ciend traffic along the tracks. Monitoring of traffic shall be done on the roads pars!il-' to the railway tracks forming a substitute for railtransport so as to moniTor the impact of improvement of rail network on road traffic.

The ecological survey should be conducted after one year of operation for first year and then after every three years. The field observations for ecological survey should be taken by professional institute working in this area of specialisation.

~~The detailed Environmental Monitoring Program is presented in Table 5.1.~~

Periodic revieW of the collected data on environmental parameters should be carried out in order to assess the environmental status. Monitoring of insignificant parameters as indicated by review of data can be discarded in order to save resources. Appropriate mitigative measures shall be taken for the deteriorated parameters.

~~BUTPBVQI AV 48 MLrA ,ofBriq , rral Quadrulin it MUARDA-Enmironmentae, Assessinen, of MUTP-11~~

~~Table 5.3 Environmental Monitoring Programme~~

~~ParametersA'be . roposedsit Sampling duration Frequency.~~

monitoed_, .~. ...v, NQise B6tn. Borivali & Continuously for 3 3 times a year L-10 Dahisar stn.* days 1/2 hourly at covering each L-50 . each location season i.e. L-90 Betn. Mdra rd. & Summer, Post L-eq separately for Bhayandar Stn. monsoon and (day and night) Near Ayurvedic winter College near Nala Sopara stn. EcQlogy Survey Marshy area As required After first year of Mangrove along the tracks operation, and vegetation and the and near creek then once in 3 fauna therein years Traffic S.V. road betn. Continuously for 2 Once in a year. Towards North Dahisar and days with hourly Towards North Borivali counts Towards South (traffic composition Westemr i.e. Trucks, buses, Express LCV, 2-wheeler, 3- Highway wheeler, and cars/taxis)

* The monitoring site should preferably in residential area within 100m from the tracks and along the stretch of tracks over which trains generally move at full speed.

~~5.4 COST ESTIMATES FOR MITIGATIVE MEASURES & MONITORING~~

~~5.4.1 Resettlement and Rehabilitation~~

~~The estimated cost of proposed R & R package. is Rupees 119.7 million as per 1994 prices, as estimated by SIDDHI, an NGO appointed by MMRDA to investigate R&R involved in MUTP-11.~~

~~PllTPBVQI AV' 49 AILEA of Bornat, Vir,r Qtadrutpling AIMRDA -- m-ttronnaental Assessinent of Al rP-l1~~

~~5.4.2 Shifting of Electrical Installations & Telephone Lines~~

In the proposed project, electric poles+electric lines, high tensior lines. low tension lines, telephone lines along road side have to be shifted. The expenditure that will be incurred in shifting these items is calculated as follows.

~~Lumpsum rate in the year 1988 - 89 for shifting above mentioned items was Rs.57500Akm.~~

~~Considering 10% hike in rate per year,~~

~~Rate forl 994 - 95 - Rs. 92000/km (60% extra)~~

~~Hence, only for one of the items mentioned above, cost of shifting can be assumed to be one-fourth of the total i.e. Rs. 23000/km~~

~~In the proposed project:~~

~~Length of H.T.L. to be shifted : 6.82 km~~

~~Length of electric line to be shifted: 12.16 km~~

~~Hence, cost of shifting of electric poles- lines & H.T.L.:~~

~~Rs.23000/Km x (6.82+12.16) km~~

~~Rs. 0.437 million~~

~~5.4.3 For Plantations~~

~~Compensatory mangrove plantation~~

~~As explained in section 4.4 about 6800 m2 of land can be planted with mangrove vegetation with following densities of species:~~

~~Avicennia 250 per lO1 m 2~~

~~Total no. of individuals to planted will be~~

~~Avicennia - 17,000~~

~~Cost @ Rs.30/- - Rs 5,10,000 MMRDA-Environmentl Assessment (.f MIITP-II~~

~~Roadside Plantation~~

~~As explained in section 4.6.2, about 450 trees at minimum 10 m c/c spacing with bushes in between will have to be planted all along the tracks. The details of cost estimate are given below.~~

~~Total No. of trees 450~~

~~Cost inclusive of digging pits Rs. 27,000 (a) (lm x lm x lm) filling with earth and sand and manure @ Rs. 60/- per plant~~

~~Seedlings at varying prices averaged Rs. 13,500 (b) to Rs.30/- each~~

~~Cost of maintenance during unfavourable Rs. 67,500 (c) season (i.e. dry season watering & staking etc.) @ Rs.50/- per plant, per annum for 3 years~~

~~Lumpsum cost for shrubs 100% of that of trees Rs.1,08,000 (a + b +c) Total cost for roadside plantation Rs.2,16,000~~

~~5.4.4 Construction of Wall Barriers~~

~~As wall barriers along the tracks, being boundary walls, will be a part of the main project, no separate costs are estimated.~~

~~5.4.5 Environmental Monitoring~~

~~Expenses involved in monitoring of various environmental parameters as per Table 5.3 are as follows:~~

~~Monitoring of Noise @ Rs.2000/- per Rs. 6,000 per year season~~

~~Traffic monitoring at 2 location for Rs. 9,000 per year 3 days continiuous requiring 3 persons per day. Hence, cost of 2x3x3 i.e. 18 mandays @ Rs.500/-~~

~~'Total cost for monitoring Rs. 15,000 per year (Noise & traffic)~~

~~Annual cost of Ecological survey Rs. 10,000 per year to be done once in 3 years MMIRDA-Environmenial Assrs.netnt of A1 J771'-11~~

~~5.5 SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES~~

~~SI.Not S1t.sReciMrkl.f Cost < (pe~~

~~1. R&R 119.7 2. Shifting of Electric 0.437 Installation, Telephone Lines etc. 3. Compensatory Mangrove 0.51 .______Plantation 4. Roadside Plantation 0.216~~

~~5. Environmental Monitoring _ a. Air, water, noise, soil & - 0.025 traffic . _ b. Ecology 0.01 Total 120.836 0.035~~

~~Thus, for the proposed EMP, the total capital cost is Rs. 120.836 million and the total recurring cost is Rs. 0.035 million per year.~~

~~IIUTPBVQI.AV 52 AfLE4 of BorltI11tVirir Quudruplrin,i Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)~~

~~ANNEX-8~~

~~SPECIAL CONDITIONS FOR ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH AND SAFETY COMMON TO ALL TENDERS OF WESTERN RAILWAY~~

~~(Refer to Circled Clauses) WESTERN RALWAY. (SURVEY & CONSTRUCTION) Tender No. DY.IE(C)11t/21 SPECIAl, COND)ITIONS/SPEiCI FICATIONS F (-()N INTA( r(C0N I-)...)~~

~~25.2 works rmay have to be carried out during the night hence adequate lighting arrangements & precautions shall be taken to avoid any mishap at site diring night.~~

25.3 It will be his/thieir responsibility to provide adequate lighting at all working places as well as to ensure safety during working. He/they will also appoint, if necessary men to keep watch of the temporary structures during the progress of the work at night.

~~26. Setting out~~

The Contractor(:.) :;hall set out the works and -;hall be responsible for the true and perfect setting out of the same and for the correctness of the positions, levels, dimensions and alignment ttereof. If a, any time any error in this respect shall appear during the progress of the work, the Contractor at his own expenses should rectify such error if so required, to the satisfaction of the Engineer.

~~O Care of Staff~~

No quarters will be provided by the Railway for the accommodation of the Contractor or- any -of his staff employed on the work. The contractor may be allowed to ere6t any labour camps for housing the labour at or near the site-of work on available Railway land subject to payment of cess and water charges. The Contractor shall at his own cost make all necessary and adequate arrangement for the importation, feeding and preservation of the hygiene of his staff. The Contractor shall permit inspection at all times cf all sanitary arrangements made by him, by the Engineer or his assistant or medical staff of the railway. 1if the Contractor fails to make adequate medical, sanitary arrangements, thiese will, be provided by the Rai]way, the cost thereof beoing recov(ered trom the Contrac-tor. In case some accommodation ie' available, it can be given on licer.ce fee.

~~;igenoturc of contractor Deput ('hiiet'fEnncer (C) III~~

j 7 on ?. (s \Western Railwvay. CDate: @' Churchgatc. Mumbal - 2() WESTERN IRAl,WAY (SURVEY & CONSTRUCTIrON) Tcnder No. DY.CE(C)111/21 SPECIAL. COND)1 T10NS/iSPCI-F'l:'ICATI ONS (1: (CONTIA( TON(()NlI)...)

~~G Damage by Accident, Floods or Tides~~

(a) The Contractor .t,all take all precautions against damaqe frcm accident., floods or tides. No compensation will be allowed to the contractor for his plant or parC or material lost or damaged by any cause whatsoever. The contractor shall be liable to make good the damajes to any structure or part of structure, plant or material of every description belonging to the administration lost or damaged by any cause during the course of the Contractor's work.

(b) The administration will not be liable to pay to the contractor any charges for rectification or repairs to any damage which may have o6curred from any cause, whatsoever, to any part of the new/existing structure, during construction. 29. Eirst Aid

The Con.rac;or shall r..aintain in a rea dily accessible plac- first aid appliances including an adequate supply of sterilised+cotton wool. The appliance shall be placed under the charge of a responsible person who shall be readily available duri-ing working hours.. Q Anti-malaria Precautions

Every precautions shall be taken by the Contractor to prevent the breeding of mosquitoes on the works during construction and all receptacles used for the storage of water must be suitably protected for this purpose or must be emptied at close of the work'every day. Q Anti-Larval Treatment Contractor(sl shall be entirely responsible for ensuring that Anti-larval work as per the 4ye-laws of the local authorities corporations or such other local bodies, et-c., is orovided at the cost of the

Signature ofcontrac(or 0eputy Chief 'ririneer (C) 111 Wesscri Railway. Date: I :6 Chur;chgate. Murnbai - 20 WESTERN RALWAY (SURVEY & CONSTRUCrION) Tcnder No. DY.CE(C)11/21 SPECIAI. CONf)ITI NS/SPiXf('1:('ACNVIONS (01. NITAg(CONT)...

40. SITE CONDITIONS AND FACILITIES 40.1 The tenderer/s attention is (rawrn specially to cla~use No.19 -o General ConditLons or Cont.ract- arn it will be deemed that he has by personal inspection or other has acquainted , and satisfied thimself/themselves about the site conditions, availability or otherwise of materials, labour, water supply, electrical supply etc. before tendering. The requiremen:ts of work-ing space and the space required for stor 1ng materials, workshops, Office etc. also have to be considered by thre Tenderer/s before tendering. It will be deemed that all relevant factors connected with the execution of work have been gore into in detail, by tenderer/s before submitting the tender 'tor the work. 40.2 There is likely thood of some water remaining or flowing through thie site of work which wol(l Iriec(:cssi t.tt diversion of flow of water by erecting coffer dam-F. dewatering by construction diverting channel. Even sub-soil water could be met. w.h,ich could necessitate dewacering by purmping, Contractor snali study all such possibility and frame and quote his rates based on such requirements. No additio'n payment -or claim or compensation for such an eventually would be entertained. 41.SERVICE ROADS 41.1 The Contractor/s will be permitted to make use of existing service roads, or service roads constructed by the Railway-for its use free of cost. New service roads required by the contractor/s either near the bridge or elsewhere within or outside railway limits for carriage of materials or for any other purpose whatsc.ever, will h-ave to he constru,eS anrd maintained by .re cc..twraz:.r/-s e~ nP.is/t.. own - -^s. ;. land, perini>tsion wll; r,e ';i.^ . r-Q:' ,.:. :.>'-.L : any and other than railway lasna is necessary to be acquired or to be entered upon, permission to enter in the land will have to be arr,e-sged b'1 tie e -nt-3ctor/s at his/ their oDwn cost. ITb' csr. r _''r/': i: noJ ¢>: claim, whatsoever on thls hoCCunti . RaR' l II way. however, reserves the riqht to make use o. suzn- crIiie roads as Signaturc of contractor

-c I . . Duput: Chlcf I:uginlecr (C) I1I WVcstcm Rallway. Date 1 7 Jf Churchiwatc. Murnbal - 20 WESTrERN RALWAY (SUJIRVEY & CONSTRUICTION) lIcdcr Nlo. D)Y.U(C()111/21 SPECIAI. CONI)1'1'1()N.TNS/SPI-'II:ICAI1IONS OF CONTRIA(T' (CON' 1)...)

may )(.- cos ruel e(d by thle contract-or/s wil t.hout Payment of any charges. 41.2 No facility whatsoever for provision of ap[projch roads or temporary level crossing etc. will he prov?ded by the Railwajy for ledading but materials or earthwork, approach r-o.0d wit.hin Rly. limits, if available, caan be used for carting material. 42. SUPPLY OF ELECTKICITY 42.1 The Cont. ract or/s shall b? responsible for 'tia irI irFl ec Ie r I c.' I SIIrF) y ru(uii red for Le work:, from concerned local agency, Electricity Board; BES'I as the case rma y be at his/their own cost. However, if required by the Contractor the Railway administration may give necessary assistar.-e in recom- meniding t:o the local electricity authorities for giving necessary electric connection to the contractor for execution of works. In case the Rly. el.ectricity 1S available connect-Lon can be aiven on usual terms through concerned S,. DEE. 43. EMERGEtNCY WORKS in the event of any accident or failure occucring In, on or about: the work or arising out ot or in connection witt) the conistruction, completion o! maintenance of the w,orks, which in the opinion of the Engineer require,; inumediate attention, the Railway may bring its own workmen or other agency execute oi. partly execute the necessary work or carry out repairs if the Engineer considers that the contractor/s is/are not in a position to do so in time and charge the cost thereof, which will be determined by the Chief Administrativte Officer (C), Western Railway, to the

~~(4) SAFETY PRECAUTIONS~~

The Contractor/s shall at all times adopt such (rfe methods of work as will ensure safety of structure, equipment and lahotnr. If at any trivi the Rly.find. the :;. I1(Ly arranqi-meiit.n in:,(afe, :lie cortLractor/s slhall take inimediate

corrective cctiorn as direct.ed by the Railway's in the mat-ter shiall in rlo way absolve the contr tor/s of SiP nature of contr-aclor eI)puty ChiefEngineer (C) III Westem Rail\a\. Murbai -20 Da.e -- I 73 Churchgate,t WIrI:KTRN RALWAY (SURVEY & CONSTRUUCrION) TCnder No. DY.CE(C)[11121 SPECIAI. CONDIlION4S/SIil-.Cll:Il(AI1ONS ()I CON RA(I (F('(ONl'1)...)

h:is/tLheir s ulI rf!'ipons i bi lI t.y t.o adopt safe worki-nq methods. 44.2 The Contractor/s shall design and cXCecute temporary work:;. such as form work and :;upporLs, so as to ensure absolute safety of contractor/s personncl as well as Railway staff and personnel engaged on the work. The Contractor/s should indemnify the Railway againnt damagens anrdc injuiry to workmf!n. ltly. rezsrve.; the right-to enforce safety regulations on the contractor/s and re,c:over any cost which may be incurred for the purpose. '45. COMPLETION PERIOD 45.1. The Contractor/s shall have to complete the work in all respects witlhin a period of I'J"Y'Leel (,15) months (including monsoon) from the date of acceptance of the tender. 45.2 The contractor/s shall strictly adhere to the programme framed by the Engineer or his. representative taking into account of the stipulation such as avai'lability of land and other site conditions so as to complete the work within the time allotted zo 'he contractor/s. 45.3 Tne Contractor/s will have to employ labour in full strength commensurate with working areas available. He will also arrange for materials and equipments to complete the job most expeditiously within the stipulated completion period. The Engineer's decision. as to what is full strength will' be final. '46. MAINTENANCE PERIOD 46.1 OTHER THAN PERMANENT WAY WORK The tenderer/s shall be required 'to maintain the work effectively for a period of six months from the date of I completion as per Clause No.47 of the General Conditions of Contract of Western Railway and1 no part: reftund of Seccurit y Deposit shall be permitted during the ma'intenance period mentioned above.

Signature of contractor \ Deputy Chief Engineer (C) lll WestemrRailwvay. Date '., 71 Churchgate. Murnbai ,r20 Vv 111 A RAtt, WA I (SUIRVEY & CONSTIRUCTION) 'I'cndci No. 1)Y.(l 1(C)III21 Sl'EI0AL. CONi1uT1l10NS/Sil'hCl:IvICAlNS; Ol : CONTRAC (CONI'l)...)

0 C!,KARANCK OF SITE The contractor after completion of the work shall clear the site of work and tidy up tthe area and removc left over materizls, debris etc. In case the contractor fails to do so, the same will be removed at the cost of quoted the contractor by the Engineer's representative. Rates slhall be inclusive of the work of clearing site tidying etc. after completion of the work. USE OF EXPLOSItVE Fxplosi ve shall not be used on the work or brought to the site by thc contractor/s without the written permission of the Engineer. After such permission is given, the explosives will be stores and used as per extent eŽxplosive rules of the Government of India/State Government. Railway does not uindertake any liability for any assistance whatsoever for procurement of blasting material. Advance work shall be done by the contractor in this regard

4 9 . VARIATION IN EXTANT OF CONTRACT 49.1 MODIFICATIONS TO CONTRACT TO BE IN WRITING. In the evenc of any of the provisions of the contract requirinq to be modified, after the contract documents have been signed, the modifications shall be made in writing c signed by the Railway and the contractor, and no work shall proceed under such modifications unless this has been done. Any verbal or written arrangement abandoni1. ng, modifying, extending, reducing or supplementing the contract or any of the terms thereof shall be deemed conditional & shall not be binding on the Railway unless, & until the same is incorporated in formal agreement & signed by the Railway and the contractor, and till then the Railway shall have the right to repudiate such arrangement. 49.2 POWER OF MODIFICATIONS TO CONTRACT 49.2.1 The Engineer on behalf of the Railway shall be entitled to order in writing to enlarge or extend, diminish or reduce the works or make any alterations in thei r design, character, positibn, site, quantities, dimensions or in the metthod of their execution or in the combination and use of materials for tK execution Signature of contractor Deputy Chic1gineergC) Ill Westem Railwvay. [)ate 7 7JAN ,flp Churchgate. Murnbami- 20 WESTERN RALWAY (SURVEY & CONSTRUCTION) Tcndcr No. DY.CE(C)111/21 SPE,CIA1L CONDITIONS/SPEiCI FICATONS (1: (CONTRA(1-(CONI '1)...)

Railway employee specifically appointed on his behalf. No work under the contract shall therefore be commenced by the Contractor without the express permission of the Engineer's RepresentaLive. 50.2 The contractor shall always execute the work under this contract in strict compliance with the instructions/directives by the Engineer's representative. Any act of_--non compliance with the instruction/directives issued by the Engineer's representative shall be considered as a default of the contractor where after the Railway shall be free of take further appropriate action on as provided in the contract for dealing with such defaults of the contractors. The decision off the Engineer's representative where there has been an act of non- compliance with the instruction/directives of the Engineer's representative for the purpose of this clause shall be final and conclusive. 50.3 The instrulctions/directives by the Engineer's representative shall not however absolve the contractor of his responsibility or reduce his responsi-bility in any manner whatsoever in regards to maintaining at all times the safe working conditions at the work site PROTECTION AT THE WORKS SITE .1 On Railway Track where the train traffic will be operational during the execution of the contract work, the protection of the works site as consi-dered appropriate and adequate shall be arranged by the Engineer's Represen-tative at the Railway's cost. 51.2 Notwithstanding the aforementioned protection at the works site provided by the Engineer's Representative the contractor shall be responsible for p;oviding appropriate and adequate system for warning the Contractor's Workmen about the train traffic on or in the vicinity of the site of work. The decilsion of the Engineer's Representative whether the facilities provided by the Contractor in this regard are appropriate and adequatte or nt .hal] b final ardi (-onclusive.

~~Signature of contractor ' ~ i)eputyD. Chief Enginiecr (C)l Wcstcrn aiIWSY~~

~~Date: j ____ Churchgate. Mumbiti-20 WESTERN RALWAY (SUR[ZVEY & CONSTRUCTiON) Iender No. DY.CEXC)IIt/21 SPECIAL. CON[)ITIONS/SI'liC(HATIO()NS)OF CONTRACT (CONT)...)~~

52. NON-COMPT.TANCF WITH TiF INSTRJCTIONS/DIRECTIVES OF THE ENGINEER'S REPAESENTATIVE. 52 1 The contractor shall always comply with trAi instructions/directives issued by the Engineer's representative from the t:ime to time. In the event of any non-compliance with such instructions/directives, apart from and in addition to other remedies available--o the Railwav as specified herein above the Engineer's represeXntative may employ at the works to the Railway's workmen with necessary equipment as considered appropriate and adequate by him to provide the requisite conditions for the safe and unhampered movement of Railway traffic. The decision of the Engineer's representatives in regard to the need appropriateness and adequate of the deployment of the Railway Workmen with necessary equipment shall be final and conclusive. 52-2 When the Railwav workmen with necessary equipment are deployed In the above manner, recoverv at the following rate shall be made fromn the Contractor's dues under this contract or any other monies of the Contractor available with 'the Railway under this contract. The recovery for the total Railway Workmen Hours employed at the rate of Rs.20/- (RupeeXs Twenty only) per Workmen-Hour irrespective of the type and grade of the Railway Employee actually employed. The aggregate period of the Workman-Hours for the above recoveries shall be reckoned from the time the Railway Workmen are actually deployed at the work site till the work is compieted to the satisfaction of the Engineer's Representative whose decision in this regard shall be final and conclusive 53 PERSISTENT NON-COMPLIANCE WITH INSTRUCTIONS/DIRECTIVES OF 'ENGINEER'S REPRESENTATIVE 53.1 If the Contractor does not comply with the instructions/Directives of - the Engineer's Representative, apart from and, in addition to the remedies available to the Railway as specified herein above without prejudice to the Railway rights in th.,s regard, the Engineer's Representative, which for the purpose of this clause shall excluca the Signature otcontractor Deptiutyv Chief, gn&'r (C) Ill 7 IAM ~ \V'esten Rtlwuay.

~~Date -rc1 C7iuC ligchtgate. :UnItMI - 2' WES'TERN RALWAY (SURVEY & CONSTRUCTION) Tcndcr No. I)Y.CE(C)111/21 SPECIAI. CONDITIONS/SPIClIFICA11ONS 01: CONTRACT (CONT'l...)~~

57.4 The conrLtractor also undertakes to make good at his own cost any inconvenience, loss, damage or other expenses caused to or incurred by - the Railway Administrat:ion and to pay such amolants a, determined by the Engineer to be recoverable from the contractor as penalty or damage for any omission, negligence, careless, oversight or accident on the part of any of the contractor's agent, drivers or attendants or any other person to whom the services-of the holder of the permit (issued by the Engineer) has been lent or otherwise made accessible or available). 57.5 Any breach of these conditions by the contractor and/or his agent affecting the safety of movements of trains, engines or other rolling stock of the Railway shall constitute a breach of contract by the contractor entailing liability for termination of contract for default on the part of the c actor. The tenderer/s will be permitted to make use o the level cros.sin4 for crossing the track after observing tnve standard railway safety precaution. Ir such precautions are not taken, these will be enforced by the railway by adequate arrangements and the cost thereof shall be recovered from the contractor. 58 The contractcr/s shall inspect the proposed site of work ancd acqctuaint himself/the.Tselves with site conditions working hours stori,ng space for materials, approach road/pathway:; available- etc. and all relevant items connected with the execution of work. No claim shall be entertained from contractor making his own arrangements for approach/approach roads from outside Railway land and contractor will bear entire expenses such as road taxes payment on right of* way etc. to outsiders. O TECHNICAL PERSONNEL 1.1 A technical supervisor of proven experience in execution, sthall be enigaged by the tenderer on the work. The successful tendE-rer shall state the name of the Technical Supervisor alongwith his technical qualification, whiLe it may not be necessary for, the technical supervisor :

Signature of conitractor Dcputy Chief Enginecr- (C) ri 7 wN flj ;< I Western Railway. Date: ,______QU1 Churchgate. Muri-20 WE.STERN RALWAY' (SURVEY & CONSTRUCTION) Tender ,-o. D)Y.CIE(C)111121 SPFC[IAl.()NDITIONS/SPhCIFIC7\'I IONS 01 ('()N I RACI( (COfN I1)...)

r9.2 NormaIlly rno ctuhiiij(3 nr,I1h, IttCrIMI:a I ;i4 r;. 1 ditirir ( thfe p)er 0(o of (cor:,tr iIl(ir won! d be acc.:-'PL)t-ahle to t hl -LI wa y except undli, r very Sfc a I circumstances. '[lhe railiway re:;'rv e, the ri ht t) stop the work in case the technical supervisor of tenderer is not avcilable. 60. SHIPr:NG OF F:lE;CTRICAL/TELIEGRIMH WIRES In same stretches, high tension grid towers/electric telegraph/ telephones wires or posts etc. are to be shifted. It is expected that the electric lines/towers will be shifted in good time but i.n case, there is any delay on this account suitable extension in date of completion will be considered and given to the contractor for cnly the effected portion and no compensation whatsoever in this respect oi due to the delay thus caused will be payable and contractor has to adopt such methods of execution of earthwork so as not to cause any damageq to exLsting structure lines etc 61. HA[NrTNG OVER ot0SIrE FOR WORK 61.1 Railway ntay notthand over tthe entire land for making bank/cutting to the contractor/s due to delay in land acquisitior. Land may he handed over in different stretches which may not be continuous. C.ontractor/s will be required to carry out the work in available stretches, if some stretch of land cannot be handed over to the contractor for borrowing earth or making bank/cutting within the contract period then suitable extension will b.f granted only for the affected portion without any payment of extra claim to the contractor. 61.2 No extension to time limit will be admissible if the land is handed over commensurate witth orogress of work. 62. OBSERVANCE OF STATUTORY ACT RULES FTC. 62.1 The contractor/s will be bound by thti provision of the Minimum Wages Act 1948 as amended from time to time and the rules macie there under witl r-egard tc labour in schedule employment i.e. on roi-d construction building operations and st.one breaking and stone crushing "Road Construction' will incluice new constructionr aJ ''el1 as inaititnanco- ano Lepairs of toads an(i but] ding port 1 onr wLI I InA Ithieo.11W( ,o0l(3trl ct it I 01- Signaturc of contractor DateC )c'lV ('ticIciacl neltrv l(C) 2ll

~~D,lc . '.'1 (Iilrchlgait. t~~

63. SEQUENCES OF WORK. 63.1 The contractor/s shall ccmply with the order of Engineer-in-charge in regard to the sequences of tackling and progressi,ng component parts of works. 63.2 The contractor/s shall inspect the proposed sit:e of work and acquaint himself/tlhemseLves with site conditions working hours storing space for materials, approach road/pathways available etc. anci all relevant items connected with the executipn of work. No claim shall be entertained from contractor making his own arrangements for approach/approach roads from outside Railway land and contractor will bear entire expenses such as road taxes payment on right of way etc. to outsiders. 64.CONSTRUCTION PROGRAMME: 64.1 The tenderer/s will submit alongwith his/their tender a Bar Chart indicating the various operations involved and time required for each operations and the proqramrne for executiorn and completion. 64.2 T'he successful tenderer within 15 days after the contract i,s awarded, will makc out of detailed PERT Chart *g th a detaiJed rpr-)ramrrme chart based on accepLed scheme rind subinit te :;alme to Engineer for consi eration and Sigiature of contractor [)eputv, ChiefEngincer (U)ii Wcst,cnl Raikvwa. DJate Churchgate. urnhai - 20 Environmental Audit of Bonvali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR).

~~ANNEX-9~~

~~COPY OF THE INSTRUCTIONS ISSUED IN THE LOCAL LANGUAGE ON CONSTRUCTION SITE m 3Q2 1 b - \- lr O e;-r-- 5ez2--e\Y'5 cM~~

~~+tLA|(t\D~~~~~~~~~~"V)+)2 C g ) oJ V , -. ,~~

,,- \7 , + 8 ^ 1s 8 lC/) 23U) 7 ~ ~ ~ ~ k 7i - z-\ s v + 5< t CŽ C'

~~-- K\ - Rt\\ Ci~~~~~- $ttt%\ $> c>'2 < GS w--M>F9-#F- (V-cT,>V c:q\x~TCS~~

~~j> ( )\) -~~

~~\cP k (A-kin \R-4 za7_ - 94tX~~

~~'.A\2- +g~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~A~ ;?j' . \ -~~

~~@ X ~ , tA v - ~~ ~ ~ Environmental Audit of Bonvali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)~~

ANNEX- 10 DRAFT PROCEDURE FOLLOWED BY WESTERN RAILWAY FOR SAFETY OF WORKFORCE AND EQUIPMENT MAFT SI'll, CI Al. 1>Et)( l';lElDURl OR)D11 F(R CONS'FRl 1EUC ITIOIN .\(V"I I lTiFS NEAI lUNNilNG TRACKS IN MUMBAI SUBURBAN AREA.

I.l \VIicc\e:r aniy vwik is to) beb contiiiiclccd,CXCLIetCd/iesII)CJ, Sr. SCctiolnal LI lgieCr in chlarge of the work sliall apply for l'ermit to work callcd Engincering Work r Plermlit (1 [WP) from )Dy (Olk(C) inchliarge of the work with the necessary details in the Formnal ctclosed.

1 .2) 'Ilic jbilkowing stikdiid salety prccautions (rceprodulced Ias Anncxtire S in I-WI') lo hbe tIaken for any wmoi to lhe cxcctetcd with in a distance of 3.5 nlits. to K rils. of 1ih Il;I!CSlest rtuititi i lilc.

~~2- I Sal1t.y preceaUtiolv: (;eneral (As per Advance Correction Slip No. 69 D(d.23-05-01 to IRPlWM)~~

Sale working of contrzactors: A large niiniber ol menii and( maiciniiery are deploye(d 1b tlc contractors for track rcnecals, gauge coniversions, doublings bridge rebuilding etc It us 11\lu efore essential that adequatc saflcy measures arc taken, lor safity of'thic trains ;i,; \vcIl ,s ilte work force. 1 he lfollowin, measures should invariably be acdopted.

i) Tlhle conitractor shalil not start anty work without tlie presence of railw,, supervisor at silc it) }'hierever thie ioad velhicles and/or m)aciiinery arc required to work in tihe close vicillity of railway line. thietwoik shall be so carried out tilat there is ne, inflrinigmeiut to thc railway's sciheduile of dimeinsionis. For tilis pUlpOSC the atc:i where road vcliicles anid /or miachiniery are required to ply, shiall he dcriarcatcd ancd acknowledged by the Contractor. Special carc shiall be takein ior turning/reversal of road vehicles/machinery withiout infringing the- running (rack. Barricadling sthall be provided wherever justilied anid 1easible as per site cOnditions. ili) T'Iic look out and whistle caution orders shall be issued to tlie trainis and speed restriction.s ;itij.srd wherc considered necessariy. Suitable tlagmen/detonators sliall be provided wvihere necessary Lor protection ol trains. iv) The supervisor/workmenl shoulld be 'counseled about safietyo measures. A ('L'j) }>; .t')-hA-l-j" I I (c6; peteC C'ccit lic c to the coil u pervisor a' pe'r rolori.z

~~/) . '; ,v, annexed shall he issued by AEN whiicih will be valid only for tile work for~~

ff~' r '-e - ,-:'1 tUon \which it lias been isstied. v) lelC Unloaded biilla;st/rails/sleepers/o(lter P. Way materials alter unloadinle along track should be kept clear oll miovinig dimlcntosions anld stacked as per tlhc specified heights and distance from thic runniniig track.

~~VI) SUppiciCnentt '1t! sliC specilic instructions. whei evcr considered( IlccZssCalr. shil hec issued bIy the iln.gincer-in-charge. 1.2.2 Supplenmentary Precautions for working In Suburban section~~

~~i) A rope havinsg illuminous strip wrapped around it, must be stretched hy~~

-' "' tying to the O}IE masts to indicate the area not to be infriniged undcr MItn \ ,8'1"} cIrcumstances. ilie entire area of work should be demarcated by providirm . o, rope barricades and sign boards which will enable the workmnan posted at sitc and also the lorry drivers to have clear-guidelines on movement of vehicles. ii) At every 500 mts., locations having adequate space &'leyel for propel

-! ~.,s' (tt'e1 ^e -,8 tirning of vehicles shall be earmarked and a modular,.portable I mt. ti;6!h * ; ,0 ' 5 e tt) Vix * stcel fencing at a distance of 3.5 m shall be erected in a length of 20 ints fo: tyrnini g or velicles. iii) At places of trtiing of vehicles planned out a safety guard/flagman in s,N- c,ri orange colour unifoml shall be posted during execution of the work who sib,0 1' .. 3Lixperifs1ei-the tuningof vehlicles after seeing the movemeift-of trains and shatili ] (t.t~ .'j(-,ii ensure that ujnder no circumistances the vehicle touches the fencing erectc,J h'llese safety guards slhall also carry Binoculars so as to watch thc ;'- i i ' ~ vlhicles/trainis from a distancc as well for any necessary actioni by him if neCu.. be. Sectionai Engineer incharge of the work shall ensure that slopes of th.' noniinatedl places are kept away from the rnuning lines so as to avoid 0i P-ps3sibility of any rolling down of vehicles. t iv) 1'hlese; nomllinatecd niaces sliall liave¶tri e st'ttus as of a Station for a run thrul 1 b,

.j g t ( *S;11 traini and the safety guard/fiagman shall exhibit green hand flag/signal lt7 . indicating tlih signal of alright as given to a running through train fr; ,,, ,*-t' slationl/cabin. At the nomiinlated turning place of each day a Board wilh t,.-:

-'\ 'Velhicle 'Iunlinig Station/W' shall be erected by the safety guard. W indicati:l. the Ineed for NVhistlinig by incomilig train motorman/driver on.the nearest Irac!k Iin the event ol any wntoward incident like say a vehicle infringing the t;ace safety guardjiflagmiian shall arrangc to stop the train by putting detonatno!' showinig red lhand signal as hn case of obstruction on a track. - ;s'fc v) At such nominated places temporary whistle boards shall be erected so as to

.\2 'ic. c'-7'-15--) hiivite the attentioni of Motorrman/drivers to whistle when passing such 1h?Catio0Js. vi) 1llc Keynianl working in the division shall be asked to keep a watclh hr Sectional AI'Wls on the movement of vehicles which are Jikely to infringic apci report the samie to thc nearest Station Master who in tuirn shall repott to P[WI Control. PWI control shall inform the Dy.CE(C) concemed. Similarl, Motoniian workinlg suburbani trains shall also be be asked to report an; tendency/slackness noted in the working at sites. The deserving cases sh:ll be awarded by Construction Organisation. While the Contractor shall be fined vii) At each site where conistruction vehicles of the Contractor arc required to pl} along the track a patrol nman by the Contractor shall be deployed to see tlh.. the driver (lo nol halvez any tendcency to conie closer to thie track and inifrinige.' \'zi) The DEivers/rvtotnnen of trains plyilg on the nearest track slhall be se;c ', with cau[Ljon orders to look out for any obstruction at the places of work hi.i inl ringe--s th.i th-aii-i nieiiNicn-ts.-- IS i \Il tilO autliorized l)rivers of the road vehicles/nmachines sliall be given a red V2;' -\ ;'I2 flag so thalt il (the Cvent of any obstruction tlhcy atleast stop) tilhe iciomirl?

I h1c Sect'oionl; I mIjireer nrcicrar ge slh.ll inspect evcny sire ever)yl,ter WOrkinig dIay aidui recordl lIis observationis iii--Si-te -idclrI30ook c eatrly indicatilli ii t Iicsat)iy onsiiiIlS*il bieing adhered to or inol. ii t.se of' violation o; inadequacy lic :Irall suspend tIre work ind report to AWN(C)/XLN(C) or i. SupDeriors. .xi) AEN(C) inerharge shall carry out safety inspection otice in a wcek anid record his observations in thec site order bo inting oUt eiircieS il any. I iase [IC finrids lat safety precautioins being taikeci ac inot as per Ilic Sttanl(iii procCedule olrdcr he shall suspeniid thc woIk atnld report to Dy.C I(C') and il; otiers as i sic(l in tire permilit to work. -Ni) Sectionial Lnginccr as wcll as AEN I/C wlil' taking mni.asurmen1rts_ rgcording the bill slhall certili that all s l encutionFs Stff 1i17ktiI `'(jeneral/lSjipc-il coiYlditions oi Cotract have bccn loll~vcd by tie Cou rs-actoi .xill) irI2g r 1i r iidiciaqge shall carry out (ICtarled safty inspectioin oce miontil( of cich site__ad sihall SCutini7.c Site or(b-ook nrespect i adiriceteicc t sal'ctyjpeeLtution onice in a fortn iglit. It shallI be the responsi bi ii ofl ach AIN to bting his site orcder hooks per beirer once in a fortnight to hi I)Y.CE(C) iricl1rr,ge & put up11to hium. Dy.C[E(C) I/C: must retuir-ni the site orde: bpok the sanic (ay so as not to keep the sitc witlouLt site ordler bookl;r lolnoi tlair zaworking (aly. XI\) Qie PWI (ConstLuction) Safely for suburbal section shall be posLcd in I-1II( ofFice tin(dei CIJ(C) incharge wlho slhall be responsible for carrying out surpri:'' salety audit ' inispectiorn at all wvork sites. At lealst one inspection in a month ol caclh site which is adjjacent to tracks sliall be carried out by lhim. I-le shall record his In.s'licctiol Notes/Obscrvations in the Site Order book and subunit a copy of liis inspection notes to CE(C). lInciarge lor his scrutilny. ix ) Alltire conractolsciven silall bc copy of the Procedure Ordcr so that they in turtn drill/trainItleir stalil ,,i5.,43it.lA | xvi) I'lic Contiactor shiall not allow any road vehicle belonging to him or his suppliers etc. to ply in railway lanid next to tile runining line If for execution of certain works viz. Cartihwork foi parallel railway line and supply of ballast for ltew or1 existing rail line gauge conversioIn etc., road vehlicles are lieCeSSaLI) to bc tised ill ralil way lhnd necxt to tllc railway linle, the cointractor shall apply to the E'nginecr-in-charge lor perirlissioni giving tlhe type & rio. of individual vCelicles, riairics & licciice particulars of the drivcrs, locationi, duration & timlilngs for such work/niiovenirent. Thle engineer-ir-chilarge or lhis autihorized represceitative will personall)y counsel, examine & certify, lhe road velliclc drivcrs, contract0or's llhhgnicn & supervisor anrd will give written pernrissrorr giving riarries or rolid v'ehile (irivers,contractor's Alagiicii and1 suI)ervisor to hc dcployed oil ltre "of k, statirng location, period atrrd tirii rig (ol tlhe work. Thl perminssim v\ill he subject to tlh l'ollowiing obligator-y codiilitiols:

;0) I irc road vhicles' tvill k1Yoirl)' tlt'WeeCn sunrise & sunsct 1,) Nomina;tled vehliiele' &. di ivers will be utilized for work in tlec presence of tllIcast olic flavinlan One survisor ce rtiieid bor such work. c:) I lii; v-clcIc.s sklla1 ply 7in clear of traick. Any movement/work at less tilanl SIl1 tlpto iilii iiii uil 35iiI cliar of ira.ck ceniter, shalil be done only in (he plesenice ol hiilv,w czmiployeq authorizcd _by the Engincer-in-chargc. No p;' t of' the roid vehicicc will be allowed at less than Siil rror actlik centcr.

xvii) 'lic imovemiet of lorries zicar tie track shall be prohibited (luring nig1ht. n eCisc it is inlescapialic adequate protective measures inluidting liglitilg Shall be cepsuredl & spieciic approval of Dy.Chlief Engineer obtained for ccli stuclc Of.:casiui I. \ ViiI) 'tMdClineCS anld VCehCicls which are required to miove at Icss that 8 nits. away fromii the track, it slhall bhe in the presenice of railway emiployee authorized b)y I:,gi lcer i neharge.' mix) 'Ilie Contractor's wpuicsentativc shall be issued a certificate by XEN/AEN to ihc effcct thial tlhe h iave acquired sufficient knowledge aboul the Saelty p)cc.autionI's that arc ncdecd to be followed while wvorking neal thle track.

~~1.3 1O1IrcCivillng tile application for perimlit to work tlhrougih AEN/XEN, Dy.CE(C) Sisli iSueIC pIcrmit to work lo thc Sectional Enginieer~~

~~1.4 A copy of (the permit to work shiall be cndorsed to Sr.DSO-BCT, Sr.DEN(S), Ai'.N(N)B3t1"' or (SouLtl) Parcl, CPWI concerned, APWI concerned witil 5 spare copies.~~

~~CE(C)IJ for C.A.O.(C) FOHUNv FO( UNGINEERING WORK PERMIT (EWP)~~

~~I NaNmie ol lihe Railklsa &upzeprvisor~~

~~.'. iLoaCttioIi ot *Voik~~

~~I. Nature o rwork.~~

~~4. Agency~~

~~5. ME4;lachincrics deployed~~

~~0 \Voi king hiouirs~~

7 1 have personally checked the arrangements of rope barricading, fencing at turninig locations, postine. of staff bv the railway/ by the Contractor, ercction of *I;,"l: ho:irds. Iraining of salff issue of pcniits to drivers an(d I am satisficd thlat it shldI bC i)ossibNc to adlihre to the standard safety precautions at site as reproduced in the enicloscd AInictixure 'S' except those inilicalted in para 8 below. Further I have riitac all i(hedepartmentdal inrarir cent rc(iuired for adhcrcncc of sarety precautionis

~~8. In case of followving it slhall not be possible to adhere to Annexure S proVisions s; mcnLioncd below.~~

~~9. I lowever in viewv of Para 8 following extra saifety provisions will! be takcn at sxi(e to cnmire Srelfety.~~

~~Incharge Senior Sectional Ei;gineer (Works) Rcrinttks of AIiN:~~

~~Rcmarks of Dy.CF,(C)~~

~~Blased onj the above certificatc, I hereby pcnnit the above work 1br a picriodi Of ...... d.ays j.c. upto.0~~

~~Dy.Chief Engineer(Const.) C/- .DSO-Fi cI . Sr. DFN(Soutih). Al-N concerned. C\'WI conce-ncd, APWI concernied (with 5 spare copies) ('/- AFl4N(CWnfehla;rgc C(- ['V/i(C) NaP"Ut CI/- ( I.(C)iI~~

~~No0(tes ) /%( 01p,ff5ilis 0 Pemlil on isssue shall be pasted on the site order book. (2-) v-mchwork location shall requli e separate EWP. Aniexure 'S~~

~~Sduc as 1.2. l & I 2 2 in Uralt Spccial P'rocedtire Order.~~

~~------(-- -- … -- -~~

~~/1 Z ,. Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (B VQR)~~

~~ANNEX 11 ENVIRONMENT I HEALTH I SAFETY INSPECTION SHEET~~

Nature of Work: Earth working operations / Civil construction (plafform extension, bridge construction etc.) / Subways I FBO/ other (Tick as applicable) Location: Contractor Name: Sign Name of Western Railway - Site incharge: Sign Inspected by: Sign Reviewed by Dy. Chief Engineer: Sign Reviewed by Chief Engineer (WR): Sign Report to JPD (Env.) - MUTP (MMRDA): Sign

Environment / Health I Safety Elements Compliance Status Comments I Remarks for improvement AIR POLLUTION - 1) Watering of service / Haul roads, earth No. of times / day: working stretch, construction site. Source of water:

~~2) PUC certificate for all construction vehicles Yes No_ used, avail with contractor NA~~

NOISE - 3) All vehicles / DG sets have working silences Yes No_ NA 4) High noise generating operations in residential areas limited to daytime only. (eg. Yes No_ DG sets, drilling, fabrication etc.) NA WATER POLLUTION - X 5) Log book of construction waste generated & Yes No_ disposed available NA

~~6) Any signs of contamination of nearby water Yes_ No_ bodies due to construction operation. NA If yes, method employed by contractor for its control - dyke / embankment etc.~~

7) Any construction material stored near water Yes No_ bodies with a possibility of water NA contamination ___ ECOLOGICAL ISSUES 8) Have any tree > 10m girth or sensitive Yes_ No_ vegetation such as mangroves cut at NA construction site and stretch

~~9) Copy of NOC from forest Dept. or relevant Yes No___ authority available at site for the trees to be NA cut~~

~~10) Track embankments have been stabilized by Yes No suitable techniques NA i Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)~~

~~Annex 11 Cont. Environment I Health I Safety Elements Compliance Status Comments Remarks for improvement LAND POLLUTION / DEGRADATION -~~

~~11) Waste Logbook of debris generated and Yes No_ disposal available on site. NA~~

~~12) Any indication of land contamination by oil Yes No_ spills, dumping of garbage etc. on NA construction site.~~

~~13) Log book of quarry material brought to site, Yes_ No_ quarry location and related receipts of NA_ District Collector available on site~~

~~14) Temporary structures, wastes dumps, Yes No_ material etc. been cleared adequately after NA completion of construction activity~~

~~LABOUR CAMP HEALTH AND HYGIENE -~~

~~15) Adequate drinking water and toilet facilities Yes_ No_ in labour camps NA~~

~~- Are general sanitation conditions Yes_ No adequate? NA TRAFFIC CONTROL & SAFETY~~

~~16) Have all safety precautions been taken as Yes No per Annex S of engineering work permit of NA_ Westem Railway~~

~~17) Copy of endorsed work permit for the Yes No amount period available at site. NA~~

~~18) Safety and hazard sign boards at critical Yes_ No locations such as earthworks sites, NA_ plafform modification, level crossing extension etc. been installed~~

~~OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY-~~

~~19) Are Personal protection equipments Yes No (PPEs) such as safety helmets, safety NA shoes, safety belts, safety goggles etc. available for all workers?~~

~~20) Are law related to safe scaffolding, ladder Yes No_ working, working on platforms etc. NA_ complied with. (IS codes for safety for vanous equipment/operations given in Attachment A)~~

~~2 i') Any unsafe condition observed during Yes No_ inspectionI NA Environmental Audit of Bonvali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (B VQR)~~

~~ANNEX 11 Cont~~

Environment I Health I Safety Elements Compliance Status Comments I Remarks for improvement (22) Is adequate First Aid available at site? Yes No_ First Aid to consist of antiseptic solution. NA_ Aspirin, sterilized gauze, bum ointment

~~e tc .______~~

(ATTACHMENT A for ANNEX 11) IS CODES FOR SAFETY 1. Code of practice for pre-stressed concrete IS 1343:1980 2. Wire Ropes Slings & Sling legs IS 2762:1986 3. Safety Code of scaffold and ladders IS 3696: 1991 4. Excavation Work - code of safety IS 3764: 1992 5. Safety code for blasting and related drilling operations IS 4081: 1986 6. Stacking and storage of construction materials and IS 4082: 1996 components at site 7. Safety code for use of hot bituminous material s IS 5916: 1970 8. Safety code for working in compressed air IS 4138: 1977 9. Safety code for tunnelling work IS 4756: 1977 10. Concrete batching and mixing plant IS 4925: 1968 11. Ready / Mixed concrete IS 4926: 1976 12. Safety code for piling and other deep foundations IS 5121: 1969 13. Safety code for erection of structural steel work IS 7205: 1974 14. Safety &ode for working with construction machinery IS 7293: 1974 15. Wire rope slings - safety criteria and inspection procedure IS 12735: 1994 16. Code of safety for protective barriers in and around IS 13415: 1992 buildings 17. Industrial safety gloves IS 6994: 1973 18. Safety helmets IS 2925: 1984 19. Safety in electric and gas welding IS 818: 1968 20. Safety procedure in hand operated tools IS 8235: 1976 Environmental Audit of Bonvali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

~~ANNEX 12~~

~~FORMAT FOR DOCUMENTATION TO BE MAINTAINED BY CONTRACTOR OR RAILWAY SITE ENGINEER ON SITE~~

~~1) Road watering daily schedule and source of water in the following format:~~

~~Date of Location No. of times Source of water road watering was watering done~~

2) Daily records of Nature and quantity of waste generated Type of Waste Date Quantity Disposal Method I (Waste oil, debris, generated (in Kg, Number, Location metaVelectric scrap and Truck Load etc.) etc.)

~~3) List of trees to be cut or planned to be cut.~~

~~-Tree Type Number Location~~

~~4) Copy of permission for tree felling from Tree officer / Forest Dept.~~

5) Amount of material taken from quarry, quarry location, copy of permit by District collector etc. Type of Quantity Date Quarry Name Copy of Material and Address Official Bought Royalty paid Receipt

~~6) List of First Aid available at site~~

~~7) Log book of fatal accidents on site.~~

8) Check adequacy of Safety and Hazard Posters for worker and passenger safety at Construction sites, Railway crossings (to prevent accidents) etc. Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR)

~~ANNEX 13 FORMAT FOR SURVIVAL REPORTING FOR TREE PLANTATION~~

~~Date of Survey: Name of Surveyor:~~

~~Sr. Location of Tree / Mangr Ve Plantation No. Plantation Species Total trees Total % survival Planted Planted surviving (%) (numbers) (numbers)~~