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Environmental Audit of Borivali

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Environmental Audit of Borivali Volume 6 ENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT OF BORIVALI - VIRAR QUADRUPLING OF RAILWAY TRACKS Public Disclosure Authorized (Submitted to Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority, Govt. of Maharashtra) Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized IL Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Serene Environmental Services 509, 'Devavrata', Plot No. 83, , . Sector 17, Vashi, Navi.~~~~~m Murnibai 400705 Telefax - 7896926 E Mail: serene(~vsn1 corn Web site: www serenenviro.corn JUNE 2002 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR) TABLE OF CONTENTS Sr. No. Description Page Number Executive Summary 1.0 Introduction 1 1.1 Background 1 1 2 Statement Of Purpose 1 2.0 Project Details 1 2 1 Project Need And Details 1 2.2 Project Components 2 3.0 Scope And Methodology 6 3 1 Scope and Methodology 6 3.2 Legal Requirements 8 4.0 Baseline Environmental Status And Impacts 11 4 1 Introduction 11 4.2 Terrain and Geology 11 4.3 CliMate 11 4 4 Ambient Air Quality 11 4.5 Noise Levels 13 4.6 Ground and Surface Water Quality 15 4 7 Natural Habitats and Ecology 16 4.8 Landuse 19 4.9 Resettlement and Rehabilitation 20 4.10 Archaeological and Cultural Property 20 5.0 Assessment of E4vironmental Mitigation Measures 24 5.1 Introduction 24 5.2 Site Findings and Compliance for EHS Mitigation 25 Measures 5.3 Additional EHS mitigation Measures 39 6.0 Environmental Monitoring And Reporting 39 6.1 Environmental Monitoring Program 39 6.2 Institutional Setup 44 6.2.1 Institutional strengthening 46 6.3 Estimated Cost of EMP Implementation 47 Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (B VQR) LIST OF TABLES Table Description Page Number Number 1.0 Salient Features of Project 5 2.0 Detailed Scope and Methodology 6 3.0 Air Monitoring Results 12 4.0 Noise Monitoring Results 13 5.0 Creek Water Analysis Results 15 6.0 Vegetation data 18 7.0 Impact Matrix 21 8 1 Site Findings And EMP Compliance Status (Pre-Construction / 26 Design Stage) 8.2 Site Findings And EMP Compliance Status (Construction 29 Stage) 8.3 Site Findings And EMP Compliance Status (Operation Stage) 38 9.0 Monitoring during Construction Phase 40 10.0 Monitoring Program during Operabon Phase 43 11.0 Training Program for Institutional Strengthening 46 12.0 Cost of EMP Implementation 47 LIST OF FIGURES Figure Number Description 1.0 Location of Borivali-Virar Railway Track 2.0 The Rail Alignment Of The Proposed TraFk 3.1 Existing Organization Framework For Westem Railway-Construction 3.2 Existing Organization Framework For Westem Railway-Operation _____________ Phase LIST OF ANNEXURES Annex Description Number 1 .A Terms of Reference for carrying out Environmental Audit of Railway Projects 1.B1 Legal Requirement 2 Site Photographs 3 Public Consultation Details 4 Tree Cutting Permissions 5 Mangrove Plantation Plan 6 Proof CRZ Clearance Application made to State Government/ MOEF 7 Copy of EMP's from MLEA Report of 1996 Environmental Audit of Borivalh - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR) EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.0 INTRODUCTION The Mumbai Urban Transport Project (MUTP) has identified a number of sub-projects to strengthen the suburban rail transport and road transport in Greater Mumbai and Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR) as a whole. MUTP places considerable emphasis on improving public transport including the railway capacity:' As per requirement of The World Bank, Environmental Assessments (EA) was done for these sub-projects in the years 1996 to 1998. Also, a consolidated EA was prepared for the entire MUTP project. Public consultation have also been conducted for MUTP and Hts varous components. Environmental Management Plans (EMP) was prepared as a part of these EAs, which included mitigation measures for minimising adverse environmental impacts. Currently, several of these sub-projects are in different stages of construction and MMRDA desires to carry out an assessment of the relevant EMPs. This assignment pertains to the EMP assessment/audit for the quadrupling of railway lines between Borvali and Virar Stations (BVQR). This project is being implemented by the Western Railway (WR). Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority (MMRDA) has retained the services of Serene Environmental Services (SES) to carry out Environmental Audit for railway projects of MUTP. 2.0 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY The objectives of the Environmental Audit are as follows: [ Verify the implementation of EMPs delineated in the earlier Micro-Level Environmental Assessment (MLEA) report done in the year 1998. 3 Recommend ways for retrofitting EMPs into on-going constructipn activities O Assess whether further environmental mitigation measures are required. o Suggest improvements in implementation of mitigation measures in future activities. 3.0 PROJECT COMPONENTS In this project, it is proposed to lay an additional coridor between Borivali -Bhayander and Bhayander - Virar with EMU car shed at Virar. The new tracks will run parallel to existing tracks. On the eastern side it will cross over to westem side mainly near existing Railway stations. The project includes introducing 8 rakes of 9-car equivalent to increase the capacity on this line. The stretch of the project from Borivali to Virar spans 26 kms and includes 8 stations. The broad components of the project can be grouped under the following heads: o Earthwork for laying of rail tracks between stations * Construction of additional infrastructure at various stations such as New Platforms and extension of existing plafforms, Subways, Station building and Booking office, Foot over-bridges (FOB), Extension of level crossings, etc. o Construction of major and minor bridges at various locations o Construction of important bridge'of 2.00 Kms length across Vasai creek Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR) * Construction of miscellaneous structures such as drainage, boundary walls etc. * Construction of railway residential quarters The project is in various stages of implementation. On the whole the project is about 25 % complete and the expected completion date is December 2003. 3.1 Applicable Legal Requirements The applicable Indian environmental regulations, World Bank policies/directives and GOM directives for all MUTP projects are given in detail in Annex 1B. This EMP's for the BVQR project have been prepared within the framework of the Consolidated Environmental Assessment (CEA), Report for MUTP, 2002. The legal requirements applicable to the BVQR project are as follows: Indian Environmental and Other Regulations C1 Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986, associated Rules and Notifications under the Act. O The Maharashtra (Urban Areas) Preservation of Trees Act. 1975 o Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ), 1991 and its Amendments O Land Acquisition Act 1894 (LA Act): p Maharashtra Regional and Town Planning Act, 1966 (MR&TP Act): E Development Control Reculations for Greater Mumbai 1991 (DCRs): World Bank Policies E Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01) E Natural Habitat (OP 4.04): E Involuntary Resettlement (OD 4.30) 4.0 BASELINE ENVIRONMEXNTAL STATUS and IMPACTS The objective in this section is to evaluate the changes in baseline environmental status since the 1996 EA study and the changes in possible environmental impacts from various project components during construction and operation phases of the project. For assessing the environmental baseline status and the impacts, site visits were made and site personnel were interviewed. Representative sHtes were visited so that all major construction activities are evaluated. Spot monitoring of environmental parameters were carried out. 4.1 Ambient Air Quality 1996 Data Ambient air quality was monitored in 1996 at Borvali, Bhayander and Virar. SO2 and NOx concentrations were observed in the range of 13 -38 p.g/ m3and 15 -52 9g/ m3 respectively and were well within the AAQ standards. SPM concentrations were in the range of 100 to 195 1tg/ m3 and were within the standards of 200 p9g/ m3 near Bhayandar and Virar, whereas at Borivali Station an average of 228 p.g/ m3 was reported, which exceeds the AAQ standards. Current Survey Environmental Audit of Borivali - Virar Serene Environmental Services Quadrupling of Rail Project (BVQR) Site visits along the track indicate densely populated urban areas surrounding the railway stations and largely open areas between the stations. As a result of high traffic density near station areas, AAQ is often degraded and standards are exceeded for SPM, PM1o and NOx. In the 1996 MLEA study, the AAQ was monitored for 5 days during March and April' 1996. AAQ montoring during this study was not suggested for the purpose of comparing with the 1996 results, as the monitoring period of 1996 baseline data was very small (5 days) and also separated by a 51/2 year period. Moreover the seasons of monitoring if done, will be different. * Thus, emphasis was given to evaluate the AAQ impacts due to construction activity of BVQR project on nearby residential areas. The Ambient Air Quality monioring was carried out at the Vasai Creek Bridge construction site of Gammon India Ltd. at Bhayandar for 2 consecutive days (24 hoQjr average). Impacts Durina Construction Phase The results along with visual observations at site indicate that construction activHy is not likely to increase AAQ levels significantly over the baseline values. During Operation Phase During the operation stage, there will be no impact on air quality, as electric trains will be operated on the proposed track. 4.2 Noise Impacts 1996 Data Noise levels along the Borivaii-Virar railway tracks were monitored in 1996 at 200 m to 300 m away from the railway tracks at Borivali, Bhayander and Virar. The day time and night time background Leq values ranged between 70-77 dB(A) and 64-72 dB(A). These are quite high as compared to the noise standards for residential area i.e.
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