1 Gambling Participation and Problem Gambling
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
1 GAMBLING PARTICIPATION AND PROBLEM GAMBLING PREVALENCE IN ONTARIO ETHNO-CULTURAL COMMUNITIES: MINING THE 2005 CPGI DATASET Report prepared for the Ontario Problem Gambling Research Centre By Matthew M. Young, Ph.D. Agata Falkowski-Ham, MA Senior Research & Policy Analyst Falkowski-Ham Research Canadian Centre on Substance Abuse 9 HernshawCres. 75 Albert Street, Suite 500 Etobicoke, ON Ottawa, ON July, 2011 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................................................................................... 3 LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................................................... 4 LIST OF APPENDICES ............................................................................................................................................ 5 ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................................................................ 6 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................... 7 PART I: SYSTEMATIC SEARCH OF THE LITERATURE ............................................................................................... 8 METHODS ......................................................................................................................................................... 8 FINDINGS .......................................................................................................................................................... 8 DISCUSSION .................................................................................................................................................... 10 PART II: ANALYSIS OF THE 2005 ONTARIO GAMBLING PREVALENCE STUDY DATA .............................................. 11 METHODS ....................................................................................................................................................... 11 Original data collection ...................................................................................................................... 11 Secondary Analysis ............................................................................................................................. 11 RESULTS ......................................................................................................................................................... 12 Gambling participation by ethnicity .................................................................................................. 15 Past year participation in specific gambling activities by ethnicity ................................................... 16 Past year frequency of participation .................................................................................................. 20 Past year frequency of participation by ethnicity .............................................................................. 22 Problem gambling by ethnicity .......................................................................................................... 25 Awareness of problem gambling services by ethnicity ...................................................................... 27 Summary of results ............................................................................................................................ 32 DISCUSSION ........................................................................................................................................................ 34 Limitations ......................................................................................................................................... 35 Recommendations ............................................................................................................................. 35 REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................................................ 36 APPENDIX A : GAMBLING PARTICIPATION AND PROBLEM GAMBLING PREVALENCE IN CANADA ....................... 38 APPENDIX B : GAMBLING PARTICIPATION AND PROBLEM GAMBLING PREVALENCE IN ONTARIO ...................... 48 APPENDIX C: GAMBLING PARTICIPATION AND PROBLEM GAMBLING PREVALENCE BY ETHNICITY IN ONTARIO . 55 APPENDIX D: ONTARIO 2005 QUESTIONNAIRE .................................................................................................. 57 APPENDIX E: LIST OF EXLUDED SELF-IDENTIFIED ETHNICITIES NOT INCLUDED IN THE REPORT .......................... 78 3 LIST OF TABLES TABLE 1. DISTRIBUTION OF SELF-REPORTED ETHNICITY IN THE ONTARIO 2005 PREVALENCE STUDY DATA COMPARED TO CENSUS 2006 ......................................................................................................................................................................... 13 TABLE 2.PERCENTAGE OF RESPONDENTS REPORTING PAST YEAR GAMBLING PARTICIPATION BY SELF-REPORTED ETHNICITY ................... 16 TABLE 3.GAMBLING ACTIVITIES PARTICIPATED IN THE PAST YEAR (N=3550) .............................................................................. 17 TABLE 4A. PAST YEAR GAMBLING ACTIVITY PARTICIPATION BY SELF-REPORTED ETHNICITY .............................................................. 18 TABLE 5.ROTATED FACTOR LOADINGS ON THE SIX COMPONENTS EXTRACTED BY PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS ANALYSIS OF THE FREQUENCY OF PARTICIPATION IN GAMBLING ACTIVITIES USING THE 2005 ONTARIO GAMBLING PREVALENCE DATA ...................................... 21 TABLE 6. SIX COMPONENTS EXTRACTED BY PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS ANALYSIS OF THE FREQUENCY PARTICIPATION IN GAMBLING ACTIVITIES USING THE 2005 ONTARIO GAMBLING PREVALENCE DATA ............................................................................. 21 TABLE 7.FREQUENCY OF PAST -YEAR GAMBLING BY ACTIVITY CLUSTER AMONG GAMBLERS ONLY (N=2,273) .................................... 22 TABLE 8. GAMBLING FREQUENCY OF THOSE SELF-REPORTING AS AN ETHNICITY OTHER THAN CANADIAN VERSUS THOSE SELF-REPORTING AS CANADIAN ........................................................................................................................................................... 22 TABLE 9. AVERAGE GAMBLING FREQUENCY SCORE FOR EACH ETHNICITY COMPARED TO SELF-IDENTIFIED AS CANADIAN ..................... 23 TABLE 10. PGSI SCORE BY ETHNICITY. ................................................................................................................................ 26 TABLE11.PERCENTAGE OF RESPONDENTS ENDORSING ONE OR MORE ITEM ON THE PGSI BY SELF-REPORTED ETHNICITY. ..................... 27 TABLE 12: PERCENT OF RESPONDENTS AWARE OF THE RESPONSIBLE GAMBLING COUNCIL BY SELF-REPORTED ETHNICITY .................... 28 TABLE 13 PERCENT OF RESPONDENTS WHO HAVE SEEN A POSTER, SINGS, WARNING LABELS, OR OTHER FORMS OF PUBLIC SERVICE ANNOUNCEMENTS RELATED TO PROBLEM OR RESPONSIBLE GAMBLING BY SELF-IDENTIFIED ETHNICITY .................................... 29 TABLE 14.AWARENESS OF THE TOLL-FREE GAMBLING HELPLINE IN ONTARIO BY SELF-IDENTIFIED ETHNICITY. ..................................... 30 TABLE 15. PERCENT OF RESPONDENTS WHO ARE AWARE OF ANY GAMBLING COUNSELING SERVICES AVAILABLE IN THEIR COMMUNITY BY SELF-IDENTIFIED ETHNICITY ...................................................................................................................................... 31 TABLE 16. SUMMARY TABLE OF RESULTS. UP ARROWS ( ) INDICATE THE GROUP MEAN /PERCENTAGE WAS SIGNIFICANTLY GREATER THAN THE COMPARISON GROUP (I.E., THOSE SELF-REPORTING AS ‘CANADIAN’) AND DOWN ARROWS ( ) INDICATE THE GROUP MEAN/PERCENTAGE WAS SIGNIFICANTLY LESS THAN THE COMPARISON GROUP. ................................................................. 32 4 LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE 1. FLOW DIAGRAM OUTLINING THE SEARCH STRATEGY EMPLOYED TO ASSESS THE PREVALENCE OF GAMBLING AND PROBLEM GAMBLING AMONG ETHNO-CULTURAL GROUPS IN CANADA IN GENERAL AND IN ONTARIO SPECIFICALLY.................................... 9 FIGURE 2. BAR CHART DEPICTING THE DISTRIBUTION OF ETHINIC GROUPS IN THE ONTARIO 2005 GAMBLING PREVALENCE STUDY COMPARED TO THE 2006 CENSUS DATA.................................................................................................................... 15 5 LIST OF APPENDICES APPENDIX A : GAMBLING PARTICIPATION AND PROBLEM GAMBLING PREVALENCE IN CANADA ...................................................... 38 APPENDIX B : GAMBLING PARTICIPATION AND PROBLEM GAMBLING PREVALENCE IN ONTARIO ..................................................... 48 APPENDIX C: GAMBLING PARTICIPATION AND PROBLEM GAMBLING PREVALENCE BY ETHNICITY IN ONTARIO ................................... 55 APPENDIX D: ONTARIO 2005 QUESTIONNAIRE ................................................................................................................... 57 APPENDIX E: LIST OF EXLUDED SELF-IDENTIFIED ETHNICITIES NOT INCLUDED IN THE REPORT .......................................................... 78 6 ABSTRACT Prevalence studies indicate there may be a higher prevalence of problem gambling (PG) among some ethno-cultural communities (ECCs) than among the general population. However the prevalence of gambling and problem gambling in Ontario ECCs is largely unknown. The research presented in the following report was conducted to better understand the nature of gambling and problem gambling